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ceremony_n which_o be_v former_o describe_v for_o the_o fallow_n of_o the_o stiff_a black_a clay_n know_v that_o there_o be_v in_o this_o work_n no_o difference_n between_o the_o black_a clay_n and_o the_o gray_a clay_n but_o both_o to_o be_v plough_v after_o one_o manner_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o have_v all_o the_o furrow_n cast_v downward_o and_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o land_n lay_v large_o open_a and_o of_o a_o good_a depth_n only_o the_o furrow_n which_o you_o turn_v upon_o this_o gray_a clay_n must_v be_v much_o small_a and_o less_o than_o those_o which_o you_o turn_v upon_o your_o stiff_a black_a clay_n because_o this_o earth_n be_v more_o natural_o incline_v to_o bind_v and_o
pease_n do_v manure_v barren_a ground_n well_o your_o lentles_a better_a and_o your_o lupin_n the_o best_a of_o all_o now_o for_o the_o nature_n and_o use_n of_o these_o grain_n the_o pease_n as_o all_o husbandman_n know_v be_v both_o good_a for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n in_o his_o bread_n as_o be_v use_v in_o leicester_n shire_n lincolnshire_n nottinghamshire_n and_o many_o other_o country_n and_o also_o for_o horse_n in_o their_o provender_n as_o be_v use_v general_o over_o all_o england_n for_o lentles_a or_o white_a ftche_n or_o the_o lupin_n which_o be_v red_a fitche_n they_o be_v both_o indifferent_a good_a in_o bread_n for_o man_n especial_o if_o the_o meal_n be_v well_o scald_v before_o it_o be_v knodden_v for_o otherwise_o the_o savour_n be_v exceed_a rank_n or_o else_o they_o be_v a_o very_a good_a food_n be_v sod_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o leapâ—-pease_n especial_o at_o sea_n in_o long_a journey_n where_o fresh_a meat_n be_v most_o exceed_o scarce_o so_o that_o rather_o than_o your_o land_n shall_v lie_v idle_a and_o bring_v forth_o no_o profit_n i_o conclude_v it_o best_o to_o sow_v these_o pulse_n which_o both_o bring_v forth_o commodity_n and_o also_o out_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n do_v manure_v and_o enrich_v your_o ground_n make_v it_o more_o apt_a and_o fit_a to_o receive_v much_o better_a seed_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o sow_v these_o three_o sort_n of_o pulse_n you_o shall_v sow_v they_o ever_o under_o furrow_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o be_v describe_v for_o the_o sow_v of_o pease_n and_o beanes_n upon_o the_o white_a or_o gray_a clay_n which_o be_v of_o indifferent_a dryness_n and_o apt_a to_o break_v now_o the_o limitation_n for_o this_o ardour_n or_o â—éede_n time_n manure_v be_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o march_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o april_n then_o from_o the_o midst_n of_o april_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o may_n you_o shall_v make_v your_o especial_a work_n to_o be_v only_o the_o lead_n forth_o of_o your_o manure_n to_o that_o field_n which_o you_o do_v fallow_a or_o lay_v tilth_n that_o present_a year_n immediate_o after_o christmas_n and_o of_o which_o i_o first_o speak_v in_o this_o chapter_n and_o herein_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o best_a and_o princpal_a manure_n for_o this_o redde-sand_n be_v the_o oulde_v manure_v of_o beast_n which_o can_v beget_v which_o you_o shall_v know_v by_o the_o exceed_a blackness_n and_o rottenness_n thereof_o be_v in_o the_o cut_n both_o soft_a and_o smooth_a all_o of_o one_o substance_n as_o if_o it_o be_v well_o compact_a mortar_n without_o any_o show_n of_o straw_n or_o other_o stuff_n which_o be_v unrot_v for_o this_o dung_n be_v of_o all_o the_o fat_a and_o cool_v and_o do_v best_a agree_v with_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o hot_a sand_n next_o to_o the_o dung_n of_o beast_n be_v the_o dung_n of_o horse_n if_o it_o be_v old_a also_o otherwise_o it_o be_v somewhat_o of_o the_o hot_a the_o rubbish_n of_o old_a house_n or_o the_o swéeping_n of_o flower_n or_o the_o scowr_v of_o old_a fishpond_n or_o other_o stand_a water_n where_o beast_n and_o horse_n be_v use_v to_o drink_v or_o be_v wash_v or_o whereunto_o the_o water_n and_o moisture_n of_o dunghill_n have_v recourse_n be_v all_o good_a manure_n for_o this_o redde-sand_n as_o for_o the_o manure_n of_o sheep_n upon_o this_o redde-sand_n it_o be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o in_o such_o place_n as_o you_o mean_v to_o sow_v rye_n but_o not_o full_o so_o good_a where_o you_o do_v intend_v to_o sow_v your_o barley_n if_o it_o be_v a_o cold_a moist_a redde-sand_n which_o be_v seldom_o find_v but_o in_o some_o particular_a low_a country_n than_o it_o do_v not_o amiss_o to_o manure_v it_o most_o with_o sheep_n or_o else_o with_o chalk_n lime_n or_o ash_n of_o which_o you_o can_v get_v the_o great_a plenty_n if_o this_o soil_n be_v subject_a to_o much_o weed_n and_o quick_v as_o general_o it_o be_v then_o after_o you_o have_v tear_v up_o the_o weed_n and_o quick_v with_o harrow_n you_o shall_v with_o rake_n rake_v they_o together_o and_o lay_v they_o in_o heap_n upon_o the_o land_n you_o shall_v burn_v they_o and_o then_o spread_v the_o ash_n they_o will_v be_v a_o very_a good_a manure_n and_o in_o short_a space_n destroy_v the_o weed_n also_o likewise_o if_o your_o land_n be_v much_o overgrow_v with_o weed_n if_o when_o you_o shear_v your_o rye_n you_o leave_v a_o good_a long_a stubble_n and_o then_o mow_v the_o stubble_n burn_v it_o upon_o the_o land_n it_o be_v both_o a_o good_a manure_n and_o also_o a_o good_a mean_n to_o destroy_v the_o weed_n barley_n after_o your_o manure_n be_v lead_v forth_o and_o either_o spread_v upon_o the_o land_n or_o set_v in_o great_a heap_n so_o as_o the_o land_n may_v be_v cover_v over_o with_o manure_v for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o this_o soil_n must_v be_v thorough_o manure_v then_o about_o the_o midst_n of_o may_n which_o be_v the_o time_n when_o this_o work_n shall_v be_v finish_v you_o shall_v repair_v with_o your_o plough_n into_o the_o other_o fallow_a field_n which_o be_v prepare_v the_o year_n before_o for_o this_o year_n barley_n &_o there_o you_o shall_v sow_v it_o all_o over_o with_o barley_n above_o furrow_n that_o be_v to_o say_v you_o shall_v first_o plough_v it_o then_o sow_v it_o and_o after_o harrow_v it_o make_v the_o mould_n as_o fine_a and_o smooth_a as_o may_v be_v which_o be_v do_v with_o easy_a labour_n because_o this_o sand_n of_o it_o own_o nature_n be_v as_o fine_a as_o ash_n now_o the_o limitation_n for_o this_o seed_n time_n be_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o may_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o june_n wherein_o if_o any_o man_n demand_v why_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v sow_v in_o march_n and_o april_n according_a as_o it_o be_v sow_v in_o the_o former_a soil_n i_o answer_v that_o first_o this_o redde-sand_n can_v be_v prepare_v or_o receive_v his_o full_a season_n in_o weather_n and_o earing_n before_o this_o time_n of_o the_o year_n and_o next_o that_o these_o redde-sand_n by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v hot_a and_o dry_a than_o the_o other_o clay_v by_o so_o much_o they_o may_v well_o stay_v the_o long_a before_o they_o receive_v their_o seed_n because_o that_o so_o much_o the_o soon_o the_o seed_n do_v sprout_v in_o they_o &_o also_o the_o soon_o ripen_v be_v keep_v warm_a at_o the_o root_n then_o in_o any_o can_v soil_n whatsoever_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o midst_n of_o june_n approach_v summer-stirring_a you_o shall_v then_o begin_v to_o summer-stirre_a your_o fallow_a field_n and_o to_o turn_v your_o manure_n into_o your_o land_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o you_o do_v upon_o your_o clay_n soil_v for_o this_o ardour_n of_o summer-stirring_a alter_v in_o no_o soil_n and_o this_o must_v be_v do_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o june_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o july_n for_o as_o touch_v slight_v slight_v clot_v or_o smooth_v of_o this_o barley_n field_n it_o be_v seldom_o in_o use_n because_o the_o fineness_n of_o the_o sand_n will_v lay_v the_o land_n smooth_a enough_o without_o slight_v yet_o if_o you_o find_v that_o any_o particular_a land_n lie_v more_o rough_a than_o the_o rest_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o if_o with_o your_o back_n harrow_n you_o smooth_v it_o a_o little_a within_o a_o day_n or_o two_o after_o it_o be_v sow_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o july_n until_o the_o midst_n of_o august_n foil_v you_o shall_v foil_v and_o throw_v down_o your_o fallow_a field_n again_o if_o your_o land_n lie_v well_o and_o in_o good_a order_n but_o if_o any_o of_o your_o land_n do_v lie_v in_o the_o danger_n of_o water_n or_o by_o use_n of_o plough_v be_v grow_v too_o flat_a both_o which_o be_v hindrance_n to_o the_o growth_n of_o corn_n then_o when_o you_o foil_v your_o land_n you_o shall_v plough_v they_o upward_o and_o so_o by_o that_o mean_n raise_v the_o ridge_n one_o furrow_n high_o rye_n after_o you_o have_v foil_v your_o land_n which_o must_v be_v about_o the_o midst_n of_o august_n then_o will_v your_o barley_n be_v ready_a to_o mow_v for_o these_o hot_a soil_n have_v ever_o a_o early_a harvest_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v mow_v and_o carry_v into_o the_o barn_n forthwith_o you_o shall_v with_o all_o expedition_n carry_v forth_o such_o manure_n as_o you_o may_v convenient_o spare_v and_o lay_v it_o upon_o that_o land_n from_o whence_o you_o receive_v your_o barley_n which_o be_v most_o barren_a and_o if_o you_o want_v cart_n manure_v you_o shall_v then_o lay_v your_o fold_n of_o séepe_n thereupon_o and_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v manure_v you_o shall_v immediate_o plough_v both_o it_o &_o the_o rest_n which_o ardour_n shall_v be_v finish_v by_o the_o midst_n of_o september_n and_o so_o suffer_v to_o rest_n until_o
the_o beam_n also_o of_o this_o plough_n be_v much_o more_o straight_o than_o the_o former_a by_o which_o mean_v the_o skeath_n be_v not_o full_a so_o long_o plough-iron_n the_o iron_n belong_v unto_o this_o plough_n be_v of_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o former_a iron_n only_o they_o be_v somewhat_o less_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o coulture_n be_v not_o so_o long_o neither_o so_o full_o bend_v as_o that_o for_o the_o red_a sand_n nor_o so_o straight_o as_o that_o for_o the_o black_a clay_n but_o as_o it_o be_v hold_v a_o mean_a between_o both_o so_o likewise_o the_o share_n be_v not_o full_o so_o broad_a as_o that_o for_o the_o red_a sand_n nor_o so_o narrow_a as_o that_o for_o the_o gray_a clay_n but_o hold_v as_o it_o be_v a_o middle_a size_n between_o both_o somewhat_o lean_v in_o proportion_n to_o the_o shape_n of_o that_o for_o the_o black_a clay_n as_o for_o the_o plough-slip_a plough-clout_n and_o other_o implement_n which_o be_v to_o defend_v the_o wood_n from_o the_o hardness_n of_o the_o earth_n they_o be_v the_o same_o and_o in_o the_o same_o wise_a to_o be_v use_v as_o those_o for_o the_o red_a sand._n draught_n now_o for_o the_o draught_n or_o team_n which_o draw_v this_o plough_n they_o be_v as_o in_o all_o other_o draught_n ox_n or_o horse_n but_o for_o the_o number_n thereof_o they_o differ_v much_o from_o those_o which_o be_v former_o write_v of_o for_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o in_o this_o white_a sandy_a soil_n which_o be_v of_o all_o soil_v the_o light_a either_o two_o good_a horse_n or_o two_o good_a ox_n be_v a_o number_n sufficient_a to_o plough_v any_o ardour_n upon_o this_o soil_n whatsoever_o as_o by_o daily_a experience_n we_o may_v see_v in_o those_o country_n who_o soil_n consist_v of_o this_o white_a light_n sand_n of_o which_o we_o have_v now_o write_v neither_o shall_v the_o ploughman_n upon_o this_o soil_n need_v any_o person_n to_o drive_v or_o order_v his_o plough_n more_o than_o himself_o for_o the_o soil_n be_v so_o light_a and_o easy_a to_o cut_v the_o plough_n so_o nimble_a and_o the_o cattle_n so_o few_o and_o so_o near_o he_o have_v ever_o his_o right_a hand_n at_o liberty_n because_o his_o plough_n have_v but_o only_o a_o left_a hand_n hale_n he_o have_v liberty_n ever_o to_o carry_v a_o goad_n or_o whip_n in_o his_o right_a hand_n to_o quicken_v and_o set_v forward_o his_o cattle_n and_o also_o a_o line_n which_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o beast_n he_o may_v with_o it_o ever_o when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o land_n end_n stop_v they_o and_o turn_v they_o upon_o which_o hand_n he_o please_v and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o tillage_n and_o order_n of_o this_o white_a sand._n chap._n ix_o the_o manner_n of_o plough_v the_o gravel_n with_o bible_n stone_n or_o the_o gravel_n with_o flint_n their_o earring_n plough_n and_o implement_n have_v in_o the_o plain_a manner_n i_o can_v write_v sufficient_o already_o of_o the_o four_o simple_a and_o uncompounded_a soil_n to_o wit_n two_o clayes_n black_a and_o gray_a and_o two_o sand_n red_z and_o white_a it_o now_o rest_v that_o i_o also_o give_v you_o some_o perfect_a touch_n or_o taste_v of_o the_o mix_v or_o compound_v soil_n as_o namely_o the_o gravel_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o hard_a sand_n clay_n and_o stone_n mix_v together_o and_o of_o gravel_n there_o be_v two_o kind_n that_o be_v to_o say_v one_o that_o be_v mix_v with_o little_a small_a bible_n stone_n as_o in_o many_o part_n of_o middlesex_n kent_n and_o surry_n and_o the_o gravel_n mix_v with_o broad_a flint_n as_o in_o many_o part_n of_o hartford-shire_n essex_n and_o sundry_a such_o place_n these_o gravel_n be_v both_o in_o general_a subject_a to_o much_o barrainnesse_n espcial_o if_o they_o be_v accompany_v with_o any_o extraordinary_a moisture_n yet_o with_o the_o good_a labour_n of_o plough_v and_o with_o the_o cost_n of_o much_o manure_n they_o be_v bring_v to_o reasonable_a fruitfulness_n where_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o ploughman_n which_o be_v master_n of_o such_o a_o soil_n if_o either_o he_o live_v not_o near_o some_o city_n or_o market-town_n where_o great_a store_n of_o manure_n by_o the_o concourse_n of_o people_n be_v daily_o breed_v and_o so_o consequent_o be_v very_o cheap_a or_o else_o have_v not_o in_o his_o own_o store_n and_o breed_v mean_v to_o raise_v good_a store_n of_o manure_n he_o shall_v seldom_o thrive_v and_o prosper_v thereupon_o now_o although_o in_o these_o gravel_n soil_v there_o be_v a_o diversity_n of_o mixture_n as_o the_o one_o mingle_v with_o small_a pebble_n which_o indeed_o be_v the_o worst_a mixture_n the_o other_o with_o broad_a flint_n which_o be_v the_o better_a sign_n of_o fruitfulness_n yet_o in_o their_o order_n of_o tillage_n or_o earring_n in_o their_o wee_n and_o cleanse_v and_o in_o all_o other_o ardour_n and_o observation_n they_o differ_v nothing_o at_o all_o the_o beginning_n and_o end_v of_o each_o several_a work_n be_v all_o one_o now_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o work_n belong_v unto_o these_o two_o soil_n it_o alter_v in_o no_o respect_n nor_o observation_n either_o in_o plough_n plough_v manure_a weed_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n whatsoever_o from_o that_o of_o the_o white_a sand_n the_o same_o time_n of_o the_o year_n the_o same_o seed_n and_o the_o same_o earring_n be_v ever_o to_o be_v obseruedâ—_n wherefore_o at_o shall_v 〈…〉_z to_o write_v so_o ample_o of_o these_o soil_v as_o of_o the_o other_o because_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o white_a sand_n without_o alteration_n it_o be_v but_o to_o write_v one_o thing_n twice_o and_o therefore_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o former_a chapter_n and_o also_o the_o husbandman_n that_o shall_v live_v upon_o either_o of_o these_o soil_n only_o with_o these_o few_o caveat_n first_o that_o for_o the_o lay_v his_o land_n he_o shall_v lay_v they_o in_o little_a small_a stitch_n that_o be_v not_o have_v above_o four_o furrow_n lay_v together_o as_o it_o be_v for_o one_o land_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o you_o see_v in_o hartford-shire_n essex_n middlesex_n kent_n and_o surry_n for_o this_o soil_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n subject_n to_o much_o moisture_n and_o hardness_n if_o it_o shall_v be_v lay_v in_o great_a land_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o north_n part_n it_o will_v over-burden_n choke_v and_o confound_v the_o seed_n which_o be_v throw_v into_o it_o second_o you_o shall_v not_o go_v about_o to_o gather_v off_o the_o stone_n which_o seem_v as_o it_o be_v to_o cover_v the_o land_n both_o because_o the_o labour_n be_v infinite_a and_o impossible_a as_o also_o because_o those_o stone_n be_v of_o good_a use_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a manure_n and_o help_n unto_o the_o ground_n for_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o gravel_n be_v cold_a and_o moist_a these_o stone_n do_v in_o the_o winter_n time_n defend_v and_o keep_v the_o sharpness_n of_o the_o frost_n and_o bleak_a wind_n from_o kill_v the_o heart_n or_o root_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o also_o in_o the_o summer_n it_o defend_v the_o scorch_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o parch_a and_o dry_v up_o the_o seed_n which_o in_o this_o gravel_o soil_n do_v not_o lie_v so_o well_o cover_v as_o in_o other_o soil_n especial_o if_o this_o kind_n of_o earth_n be_v environ_v with_o any_o great_a hill_n as_o most_o common_o it_o be_v the_o reflection_n whereof_o make_v the_o heat_n much_o more_o violent_a and_o last_o to_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o manure_n better_o or_o more_o kind_o for_o this_o kind_n of_o earth_n than_o chalk_n white_a marle_n or_o lyme_n for_o all_o other_o matter_n whatsoever_o the_o former_a chapter_n of_o the_o white_a sand_n will_v give_v you_o sufficient_a instruction_n chap._n x._o the_o manner_n of_o plough_v the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o red_a sand_n and_o the_o white_a clay_n mix_v with_o white_a sand_n their_o earring_n plough_n and_o implement_n next_o to_o these_o gravel_o soil_n there_o be_v also_o two_o other_o compound_v earth_n as_o namely_o the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o red_a sand_n and_o the_o white_a clay_n mix_v with_o white_a sand_n which_o albeit_o they_o differ_v in_o composition_n of_o mould_n yet_o they_o hold_v one_o nature_n in_o their_o tillage_n and_o husbandry_n wherefore_o first_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o red_a sand_n which_o as_o before_o i_o say_v be_v call_v of_o husbandman_n a_o hassell_n earth_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a rich_a and_o good_a soil_n very_o fruitful_a both_o for_o corn_n and_o grass_n for_o corn_n be_v apt_a to_o bear_v any_o seed_n whatsoever_o and_o for_o grass_n as_o natural_o put_v it_o forth_o very_o early_o in_o the_o year_n by_o which_o your_o cattle_n shall_v get_v relief_n
plough_v this_o pease-earth_n ever_o upward_o that_o be_v you_o shall_v begin_v on_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o land_n &_o turn_v all_o your_o furrow_n up_o one_o against_o another_o except_o your_o land_n lie_v too_o high_a which_o seldom_o can_v be_v see_v and_o then_o you_o shall_v begin_v at_o the_o furrow_n &_o cast_v down_o your_o land_n now_o when_o you_o have_v plough_v all_o your_o pease-ground_n you_o shall_v let_v it_o so_o lie_v till_o it_o have_v receive_v diverse_a frost_n some_o rain_n and_o then_o a_o fair_a season_n which_o betwixt_o plow-day_n and_o saint_n valentine_n day_n you_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o enjoy_v and_o this_o be_v call_v the_o let_v of_o land_n lie_v to_o bait_v for_o without_o this_o rest_n and_o these_o season_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v these_o clayes_n harrow_n or_o yield_v any_o good_a mould_n at_o all_o after_o your_o land_n have_v receive_v his_o kindly_a bait_n than_o you_o shall_v cast_v in_o your_o seed_n of_o bean_n or_o pease_n but_o in_o my_o conceit_n a_o equal_a mixture_n of_o they_o be_v the_o best_a seed_n of_o all_o for_o if_o the_o one_o fail_v the_o other_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o hit_v and_o when_o your_o land_n be_v sow_v you_o shall_v harrow_v it_o with_o a_o harrow_n that_o have_v wooden_a tooth_n the_o next_o ardour_n after_o this_o be_v the_o sow_v of_o your_o barley_n in_o your_o fallow_a field_n the_o next_o be_v the_o fallow_n of_o your_o ground_n for_o barley_n the_o next_o year_n the_o next_o ardour_n be_v the_o summer-stirring_a of_o that_o which_o you_o fallowed_a the_o next_o be_v the_o foyl_a of_o that_o which_o you_o summer-stirde_a and_o the_o last_o be_v the_o winter_n rig_v of_o that_o which_o you_o soil_v of_o all_o which_o ardour_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o plough_v they_o with_o their_o season_n i_o have_v write_v sufficient_o in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o next_o part_n where_o i_o speak_v of_o simple_a earth_n uncompounded_a now_o whereas_o i_o tell_v you_o before_o that_o these_o caly_n be_v heavy_a work_n for_o your_o cattle_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o i_o show_v you_o how_o to_o ease_v they_o and_o which_o way_n they_o may_v draw_v to_o their_o most_o advantage_n which_o only_o be_v by_o draw_v in_o beare-geare_n a_o invention_n the_o skilful_a husbandman_n have_v find_v out_o wherein_o four_o horse_n shall_v draw_v as_o much_o as_o six_o and_o six_o as_o eight_o be_v geard_v in_o any_o other_o contrary_a fashion_n now_o because_o the_o name_n only_o better_v not_o your_o knowledge_n you_o shall_v hear_v behold_v the_o figure_n and_o manner_n thereof_o now_o you_o shall_v understand_v the_o use_n of_o this_o figure_n by_o the_o figure_n therein_o contain_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o figure_n 1_o present_v the_o plough-clevisse_a which_o be_v join_v to_o the_o ploughbeame_n extend_v with_o a_o chain_n unto_o the_o first_o toastrée_n and_o touch_v this_o clevisse_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o must_v be_v make_v with_o three_o nicke_n in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o that_o if_o the_o plough_n have_v too_o much_o land_n give_v it_o in_o the_o make_n that_o be_v if_o it_o turn_v up_o too_o much_o land_n than_o the_o chain_n shall_v be_v put_v in_o the_o outwardmost_a nick_n to_o the_o land_n side_n that_o be_v the_o nick_n towards_o your_o right_a hand_n but_o if_o it_o take_v too_o little_a land_n than_o it_o shall_v be_v put_v in_o the_o nick_n next_o the_o furrow_n that_o be_v towards_o the_o right_a hand_n but_o if_o it_o go_v even_o and_o well_o than_o you_o shall_v keep_v it_o in_o the_o middle_a nick_n which_o be_v the_o just_a guide_n of_o true_a proportion_n and_o thus_o this_o clevisse_n be_v a_o help_n for_o the_o evil_a make_n or_o go_v of_o a_o plough_n 2_o be_v the_o hindmost_a toastrée_n that_o be_v a_o broad_a piece_n of_o ash_n wood_n three_o inch_n broad_a which_o go_v cress_n the_o chain_n have_v the_o swingletrée_n fasten_v unto_o it_o by_o which_o the_o horse_n draw_v now_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o in_o this_o toastrée_n be_v great_a help_n and_o advantage_n for_o if_o the_o two_o horse_n which_o draw_v one_o against_o the_o other_o be_v not_o of_o equal_a strength_n but_o that_o the_o one_o do_v over-draw_a the_o other_o than_o you_o shall_v cause_v that_o end_n of_o the_o toastrée_n by_o which_o the_o weak_a horse_n draw_v to_o be_v long_o from_o the_o chain_n then_o the_o other_o by_o at_o least_o half_a a_o foot_n and_o that_o shall_v give_v the_o weak_a horse_n such_o a_o advantage_n that_o his_o strength_n shall_v counterpoise_v with_o the_o strong_a horse_n now_o there_o be_v some_o especial_a husbandman_n that_o find_v this_o disadvantage_n in_o the_o toastrée_n and_o that_o by_o the_o uncertain_a shorten_n and_o lenthen_v of_o the_o toastrée_n they_o have_v sometime_o more_o disaduantage_v the_o strong_a horse_n then_o give_v help_n to_o the_o weak_a therefore_o they_o have_v invent_v another_o toastrée_n with_o a_o double_a chain_n and_o a_o round_a ring_n which_o be_v of_o that_o excellent_a perfection_n in_o draught_n that_o if_o a_o foal_n draw_v against_o a_o old_a horse_n yet_o the_o foal_n shall_v draw_v no_o more_o than_o the_o ability_n of_o his_o own_o strength_n each_o take_v his_o work_n by_o himself_o as_o if_o they_o draw_v by_o single_a chain_n now_o because_o this_o toastrée_n be_v such_o a_o notable_a implement_n both_o in_o plough_n cart_n or_o wain_n and_o so_o worthy_a to_o be_v imitate_v of_o all_o good_a husband_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o show_v you_o the_o figure_n thereof_o the_o toastree_n with_o double_a chain_n 3_o the_o swingletrée_n be_v piece_n of_o ash_n wood_n cut_v in_o proportion_n aforeshewed_n to_o which_o the_o treat_v by_o which_o the_o horse_n draw_v be_v fasten_v with_o strong_a loop_n 4_o the_o treat_v by_o which_o the_o horse_n draw_v be_v strong_a cord_n make_v of_o the_o best_a hemp_n 5_o the_o place_n between_o the_o treat_v where_o the_o horse_n must_v stand_v 6_o the_o hames_n which_o gird_v the_o colour_n about_o to_o which_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o treat_v be_v fasten_v be_v compass_v piece_n of_o wood_n either_o clean_a ash_n or_o clean_a oak_n 7_o the_o round_a withe_n of_o wood_n or_o broad_a thong_n of_o leather_n to_o put_v about_o the_o horse_n neck_n to_o bear_v the_o main_a chain_n from_o the_o ground_n that_o it_o trouble_v not_o the_o horse_n in_o their_o go_n 8_o the_o single-lincke_n of_o iron_n which-joine_a the_o swingletrée_n unto_o the_o toastrée_n 9_o the_o belly-band_n which_o pass_v under_o the_o belly_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o be_v make_v fast_o to_o both_o side_n of_o the_o treat_v keep_v they_o down_o that_o when_o the_o horse_n draw_v his_o collar_n may_v not_o choke_v he_o be_v make_v of_o good_a small_a line_n or_o cord_n 10_o the_o backe-band_n which_o go_v over_o the_o horse_n back_o and_o be_v make_v fast_o to_o both_o side_n of_o the_o treat_v do_v hold_v they_o so_o as_o when_o the_o horse_n turn_v the_o treat_v do_v not_o fall_v under_o their_o foot_n thus_o i_o have_v give_v you_o the_o perfect_a portraiture_n of_o a_o well_o yoke_v plough_n together_o with_o his_o implement_n and_o the_o use_n of_o they_o be_v the_o best_a which_o have_v yet_o be_v find_v out_o by_o any_o of_o our_o skilful_a english_a husbandman_n who_o practice_n have_v be_v upon_o these_o deep_a stiff_a black_a caly_n now_o you_o shall_v understand_v plough_n that_o for_o the_o number_n of_o cattle_n to_o be_v use_v in_o these_o plough_n that_o in_o fallow_v your_o land_n and_o plough_v your_o pease-earth_n eight_o good_a cattle_n be_v the_o best_a number_n as_o be_v the_o strong_a and_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o government_n whereas_o more_o be_v but_o troublesome_a and_o in_o all_o your_o other_o ardour_n six_o good_a beast_n be_v sufficient_a yet_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o either_o want_n of_o ability_n or_o other_o necessity_n urge_v you_o shall_v know_v that_o fix_v beast_n will_v suffice_v either_o to_o fallow_a or_o to_o plough_v pease-earth_n and_o four_o beast_n for_o every_o other_o ardour_n or_o care_v and_o less_o than_o this_o number_n be_v most_o insufficient_a as_o appear_v by_o daily_a experience_n when_o poor_a man_n kill_v their_o cattle_n only_o by_o put_v they_o to_o overmuch_a labour_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o plough_v of_o the_o black_a clay_n chap._n vi_o the_o manner_n of_o plough_v the_o white_a or_o gray_a clay_n his_o earring_n plough_n and_o instrument_n now_o as_o touch_v the_o white_a or_o gray_a clay_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o be_v of_o diverse_a and_o sundry_a nature_n alter_v according_a to_o his_o temper_n of_o wet_a or_o dryness_n the_o wet_a be_v more_o tough_a and_o the_o dry_a more_o brittle_a his_o mixture_n
cleave_v together_o then_o that_o of_o the_o black_a clay_n the_o time_n for_o fallow_v of_o this_o ground_n be_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o april_n until_o the_o midst_n of_o may_n at_o what_o time_n you_o shall_v perceive_v your_o barley_n to_o appear_v above_o the_o ground_n so_o that_o then_o you_o shall_v begin_v to_o sleight_n and_o smooth_a it_o barley_n but_o not_o with_o back_n harrow_n as_o be_v describe_v for_o the_o black_a clay_n because_o this_o gray_a clay_n be_v not_o so_o fat_a and_o rich_a but_o more_o incline_v to_o fastness_n and_o hardness_n therefore_o it_o will_v not_o sunder_v and_o break_v so_o easy_o as_o the_o other_o wherefore_o when_o you_o will_v smooth_v or_o sleight_v this_o ground_n you_o shall_v take_v a_o round_a piece_n of_o wood_n be_v in_o compass_n about_o at_o least_o thirty_o inch_n and_o in_o length_n six_o foot_n have_v at_o each_o end_n a_o strong_a pin_n of_o iron_n to_o which_o make_v fast_o two_o small_a pole_n by_o which_o the_o horse_n shall_v draw_v yet_o in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o round_a piece_n of_o wood_n may_v roll_n and_o turn_v about_o as_o the_o horse_n draw_v it_o and_o with_o this_o you_o shall_v roll_n over_o all_o your_o barley_n and_o by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o round_a piece_n of_o wood_n bruise_v and_o break_v all_o the_o hard_a clot_n asunder_o this_o be_v call_v among_o husbandman_n a_o rouler_n and_o be_v for_o this_o purpose_n of_o slight_v and_o smooth_v of_o ground_n of_o great_a use_n and_o profit_n now_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o you_o must_v not_o at_o any_o time_n sleight_n or_o smooth_a your_o corn_n but_o after_o a_o shower_n of_o rain_n for_o if_o the_o mould_n be_v not_o a_o little_a moisten_v the_o rouler_n will_v not_o have_v power_n to_o break_v it_o now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o this_o rouler_n be_v of_o so_o good_a use_n and_o yet_o not_o general_o use_v in_o this_o kingdom_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o show_v you_o the_o figure_n thereof_o the_o great_a 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at_o which_o time_n you_o shall_v begin_v to_o summer-stirre_a your_o fallow_a field_n summer-stirring_a which_o shall_v be_v do_v in_o all_o point_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o you_o do_v summer-stirre_a your_o black_a clay_n that_o be_v to_o say_v you_o shall_v begin_v in_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o land_n and_o as_o when_o you_o fallowed_a your_o land_n you_o turn_v your_o furrow_n downward_o so_o now_o in_o summer-stirring_a you_o shall_v turn_v your_o furrow_n upward_o and_o close_o the_o ridge_n of_o you_o land_n again_o as_o soon_o as_o this_o ardour_n be_v finish_v or_o when_o the_o unseasonablenesse_n of_o the_o weather_n as_o either_o too_o much_o wet_v or_o too_o much_o dryness_n shall_v hinder_v you_o from_o plough_v you_o shall_v then_o look_v into_o your_o cornâ—_n field_n that_o be_v to_o say_v first_o into_o your_o wheat_n and_o rye_n fiâ—â—d_v and_o if_o there_o you_o shall_v find_v any_o store_n of_o weed_n as_o thistell_n darnell_n weed_n tear_v cockle_n or_o such_o 〈◊〉_d you_o shall_v with_o 〈◊〉_d hook_n or_o nipper_n of_o wood_n cut_v or_o pluck_v they_o up_o by_o the_o root_n and_o also_o if_o you_o find_v any_o annoyance_n of_o stone_n which_o hinder_v the_o growth_n of_o your_o corn_n as_o general_o it_o happen_v in_o this_o soil_n you_o shall_v then_o cause_v some_o boy_n and_o girl_n gather_v or_o other_o waste_a person_n to_o gather_v they_o up_o and_o lay_v they_o in_o heap_n at_o the_o land_n end_n to_o be_v employ_v either_o about_o the_o mend_n of_o high_a way_n or_o other_o occasion_n and_o for_o this_o purpose_n their_o be_v a_o general_a custom_n in_o most_o uillage_n that_o every_o houshoulder_n be_v bind_v to_o send_v out_o one_o servant_n to_o be_v employ_v about_o this_o business_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o it_o be_v call_v common_a work_n as_o be_v do_v at_o the_o general_a charge_n of_o the_o whole_a parish_n after_o you_o have_v wéede_v your_o wheat_n and_o rye_n you_o shall_v then_o weed_n your_o barley_n also_o which_o be_v finish_v about_o the_o midst_n of_o july_n you_o shall_v then_o begin_v to_o look_v into_o your_o meadow_n and_o to_o the_o prepare_v of_o your_o hay_n harvest_n now_o at_o such_o time_n as_o either_o the_o unseasonablenesse_n of_o the_o weather_n foyl_v or_o the_o growth_n of_o your_o grass_n shall_v hinder_v you_o from_o follow_v that_o business_n of_o harvest_n you_o shall_v then_o look_v into_o your_o fallow_a or_o tilth_n field_n again_o and_o whereas_o before_o at_o your_o summer-stirring_a you_o plough_v your_o land_n upward_o now_o you_o shall_v begin_v to_o foil_v that_o be_v to_o say_v you_o shall_v cast_v your_o land_n down_o again_o and_o open_v the_o ridge_n and_o this_o ardour_n of_o all_o other_o ardour_n you_o must_v by_o no_o mean_n neglect_v upon_o the_o gray_a white_a clay_n because_o it_o be_v most_o subject_a unto_o weed_n and_o the_o hard_a to_o bring_v to_o a_o fine_a mould_n this_o ardour_n of_o all_o other_o do_v both_o consume_v the_o one_o and_o make_v perfect_a the_o other_o and_o the_o dry_a season_n you_o do_v foil_n your_o land_n in_o the_o better_a it_o be_v and_o the_o more_o it_o do_v break_v and_o sunder_v the_o clot_n in_o piece_n for_o as_o in_o summer-stirring_a the_o great_a clot_n you_o raise_v up_o and_o the_o rough_a your_o land_n lie_v the_o better_a it_o be_v because_o it_o be_v a_o token_n of_o great_a store_n of_o mould_n so_o when_o you_o foil_n the_o more_o you_o break_v the_o clot_n in_o piece_n the_o better_a season_n will_v your_o land_n take_v and_o the_o rich_a it_o will_v be_v when_o the_o seed_n be_v sow_v into_o it_o and_o the_o season_n for_o the_o foil_a of_o this_o soil_n be_v from_o the_o midst_n of_o july_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o september_n now_o albeit_o i_o have_v omit_v the_o manure_n of_o this_o land_n in_o his_o due_a place_n manure_v as_o namely_o from_o the_o midst_n of_o april_n till_o the_o end_n of_o may_n yet_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o of_o all_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v not_o in_o any_o wise_a to_o be_v neglect_v by_o the_o careful_a husbandman_n both_o because_o the_o soil_n be_v not_o so_o rich_a as_o the_o black_a clay_n will_v very_o hardly_o bring_v forth_o his_o seed_n without_o manure_n and_o also_o because_o it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n subject_n unto_o much_o wet_a and_o stone_n both_o which_o be_v sign_n of_o cold_a and_o barrainenesse_n now_o for_o those_o manure_n which_o be_v best_a and_o most_o proper_a for_o this_o soil_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o all_o those_o which_o i_o former_o describe_v for_o the_o black_a clay_n as_o namely_o ox_n or_o cow_n dung_n horse_n dung_n and_o sheep_n dung_n be_v also_o very_o good_a for_o this_o soil_n and_o to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o be_v specify_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n but_o if_o you_o have_v not_o such_o store_n of_o this_o manure_n as_o will_v serve_v to_o compass_v your_o whole_a land_n you_o shall_v then_o understand_v that_o 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no_o manure_n more_o excellent_a for_o cold_a barren_a caly_n of_o this_o nature_n the_o pigeon_n dung_n or_o the_o dung_n of_o household_n pullen_n as_o capon_n hen_n chicken_n turkey_n and_o such_o like_a so_o there_o be_v no_o goose-dung_n among_o it_o be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o other_o but_o not_o to_o be_v use_v in_o such_o sort_n as_o the_o other_o manure_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o be_v lay_v in_o great_a heap_n upon_o the_o land_n or_o to_o be_v spread_v from_o the_o cart_n upon_o the_o land_n for_o neither_o be_v there_o such_o abundance_n of_o such_o manure_n to_o be_v get_v nor_o if_o there_o be_v it_o will_v not_o be_v hold_v for_o good_a husbandry_n to_o make_v lavish_a havoc_n of_o a_o thing_n so_o precious_a pullen-dung_n you_o shall_v then_o know_v that_o for_o the_o use_n of_o pigeon_n or_o pullen-dung_n it_o be_v thus_o you_o shall_v first_o with_o your_o hand_n break_v it_o as_o small_a as_o may_v be_v and_o then_o put_v it_o into_o the_o hopper_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o you_o put_v your_o corn_n when_o you_o sow_v it_o and_o then_o look_v how_o you_o sow_v your_o corn_n in_o such_o sort_n you_o shall_v sow_v your_o pigeon_n or_o pullen-dung_n which_o do_v you_o shall_v immediate_o put_v your_o barley_n into_o the_o same_o hopper_n and_o so_o sow_v it_o after_o the_o pigeon_n or_o pullen-dung_n by_o which_o you_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o this_o kind_n of_o manure_v be_v to_o be_v use_v only_o in_o séede-time_n and_o at_o no_o other_o season_n this_o manure_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n that_o sheep_n manure_n be_v and_o do_v last_v but_o only_o for_o one_o year_n only_o it_o be_v much_o hot_a as_o be_v in_o the_o great_a extremity_n of_o heat_n now_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o you_o can_v get_v any_o of_o this_o pigeon_n or_o pullen-dung_n because_o it_o be_v scarce_o and_o not_o in_o every_o man_n power_n if_o then_o you_o take_v lime_n and_o sow_v it_o upon_o your_o land_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o be_v before_o say_v of_o the_o 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mould_n and_o therefore_o you_o shall_v make_v choice_n of_o your_o better_a earth_n for_o that_o seed_n and_o also_o observe_v to_o help_v it_o with_o manure_n or_o else_o shéepesâ—folding_a in_o such_o manner_n as_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n where_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o sow_v of_o wheat_n rye_n and_o maslin_n as_o soon_o as_o you_o have_v sow_v your_o wheat_n winter-ridging_a rye_n and_o maslin_n you_o shall_v then_o about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o october_n begin_v to_o winter_n ridge_n or_o set_v up_o your_o land_n for_o the_o whole_a year_n which_o you_o shall_v do_v in_o all_o point_n as_o you_o do_v upon_o the_o black_a clay_n without_o any_o change_n or_o alteration_n and_o the_o limitation_n for_o this_o ardour_n be_v from_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o october_n until_o the_o beginning_n of_o december_n wherein_o your_o year_n work_n be_v make_v perfect_a and_o complete_a now_o you_o shall_v understand_v observation_n that_o although_o i_o have_v in_o 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the_o weed_n so_o overrun_v it_o but_o that_o the_o husbandman_n may_v with_o good_a ease_n help_v to_o strengthen_v and_o cleanse_v it_o the_o many_o furrow_n both_o give_v he_o many_o passage_n whereby_o he_o may_v correct_v those_o enormity_n and_o also_o in_o such_o sort_n convey_n away_o the_o water_n and_o other_o moisture_n that_o there_o can_v be_v make_v any_o land_n more_o fruitful_a plough_n now_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o plough_n which_o be_v best_a and_o most_o proper_a for_o this_o gray_a or_o white_a clay_n of_o which_o we_o now_o speak_v you_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o differ_v exceed_a much_o from_o that_o of_o which_o we_o speak_v concern_v the_o black_a clay_n i_o and_o in_o such_o sort_n that_o there_o be_v but_o small_a alliance_n or_o affinity_n between_o they_o as_o thus_o for_o example_n first_o it_o be_v not_o so_o large_a and_o great_a as_o that_o for_o the_o black_a clay_n for_o the_o head_n thereof_o be_v not_o above_o twenty_o inch_n in_o length_n 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the_o beginning_n of_o october_n at_o which_o time_n you_o shall_v begin_v to_o sow_v all_o that_o field_n over_o with_o rye_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o have_v be_v speak_v of_o in_o former_a place_n now_o in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o ignorant_a husbandman_n may_v very_o easy_o imagine_v that_o i_o reckon_v up_o his_o labour_n too_o thick_a objection_n and_o therein_o leave_v he_o no_o leisure_n for_o his_o necessary_a business_n especial_o because_o i_o appoint_v he_o to_o foil_v his_o land_n from_o the_o midst_n of_o july_n till_o the_o midst_n of_o august_n which_o be_v both_o a_o busy_a time_n for_o his_o hay_n harvest_n and_o also_o for_o his_o rye_n shear_v to_o this_o i_o make_v answer_n answer_n that_o i_o write_v not_o according_a to_o that_o which_o poor_a man_n be_v able_a for_o it_o be_v infinite_a to_o look_v into_o estate_n but_o according_a as_o every_o good_a husband_n ought_v presuppose_v that_o he_o which_o will_v live_v by_o the_o plough_n aught_o to_o pursue_v all_o 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pollard_n wheat_n that_o such_o wheat_n will_v often_o mildew_v and_o turn_v as_o black_a as_o soot_n which_o only_o show_v too_o much_o richness_n and_o fatness_n in_o the_o earth_n which_o the_o white_a clay_n mix_v with_o red_a sand_n have_v never_o be_v see_v to_o do_v especial_o so_o long_o as_o it_o be_v use_v in_o any_o husbandly_a fashion_n neither_o will_v the_o white_a clay_n mix_v with_o red_a sand_n endure_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o field_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o bear_v three_o several_a crop_n one_o after_o another_o as_o namely_o barley_n pease_n and_o wheat_n without_o rest_n which_o the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o white_a sand_n many_o time_n do_v and_o thereby_o again_o show_v his_o better_a fruitfulness_n nevertheless_o in_o generality_n i_o will_v not_o wish_v any_o good_a husbandman_n and_o especial_o such_o as_o have_v much_o tillage_n to_o divide_v either_o of_o these_o soil_n into_o any_o more_o than_o three_o field_n both_o because_o he_o shall_v case_v himself_o and_o his_o cattle_n of_o much_o toil_n shall_v not_o at_o any_o time_n loose_a the_o best_a season_n for_o his_o best_a work_n and_o make_v his_o commodity_n and_o fruit_n of_o his_o hand_n labour_n by_o many_o degree_n more_o certain_a you_o shall_v also_o understand_v that_o both_o these_o soil_n be_v very_o much_o bind_v especial_o the_o white_a clay_n with_o red_a sand_n both_o because_o the_o clay_n proceed_v from_o a_o chaukie_n and_o limie_a substance_n and_o not_o have_v in_o it_o much_o fatness_n or_o fertillitie_n which_o occasion_v separation_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o red_a sand_n which_o be_v of_o a_o much_o more_o hardness_n and_o aptness_n to_o knit_v together_o with_o such_o tough_a matter_n it_o must_v necessary_o bind_v and_o cleave_v together_o and_o so_o likewise_o the_o black_a clay_n from_o whence_o most_o natural_o proceed_v your_o best_a limestone_n be_v mix_v with_o white_a sand_n do_v also_o bind_v together_o and_o stifle_v the_o seed_n if_o it_o be_v not_o prevent_v by_o good_a husbandry_n you_o shall_v therefore_o in_o the_o plow_a and_o earring_n of_o these_o two_o soil_n observe_v two_o especial_a note_n the_o first_o that_o by_o no_o mean_n you_o plough_v it_o in_o the_o wet_a that_o be_v in_o any_o great_a glut_n of_o rain_n for_o if_o you_o either_o lay_v it_o up_o or_o cast_v it_o down_o when_o it_o be_v more_o like_a mortar_n then_o earth_n if_o then_o any_o sunshine_n or_o fair_a weather_n do_v immediate_o follow_v upon_o it_o it_o will_v so_o dry_a and_o bake_v it_o that_o if_o it_o be_v sow_v neither_o will_v the_o seed_n have_v strength_n to_o sprout_v thorrow_o it_o nor_o be_v in_o any_o of_o your_o other_o summer_n ardour_n shall_v you_o by_o any_o mean_n make_v your_o plough_n enter_v into_o it_o again_o when_o the_o season_n fall_v for_o other_o plough_v the_o second_o that_o you_o have_v great_a care_n you_o lay_v your_o land_n high_a and_o round_o that_o the_o furrow_n as_o it_o be_v stand_v upright_o one_o by_o another_o or_o lie_v light_n and_o hollow_a one_o upon_o another_o you_o may_v with_o more_o ease_n at_o any_o time_n enter_v in_o your_o plough_n and_o turn_v your_o mould_n which_o way_n you_o please_v either_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n or_o any_o other_o time_n of_o the_o year_n whatsoeverâ—_n now_o as_o touch_v the_o plough_n which_o be_v most_o best_a and_o proper_a for_o these_o soil_n it_o will_v be_v the_o same_o in_o size_n which_o be_v former_o direct_v for_o the_o red_a sand_n only_o the_o iron_n must_v be_v alter_v for_o the_o coulter_n will_v be_v more_o long_o sharp_a and_o bend_v and_o the_o share_n so_o narrow_a sharp_a and_o small_a as_o can_v convenient_o be_v make_v according_a as_o be_v former_o express_v that_o not_o have_v power_n to_o take_v up_o any_o broad_a furrow_n the_o furrow_n by_o reason_n of_o there_o slenderness_n may_v lie_v many_o and_o those_o many_o both_o hollow_a light_a and_o at_o any_o time_n easy_o to_o be_v break_v as_o for_o the_o team_n which_o be_v best_a to_o work_v in_o this_o soil_n they_o may_v be_v either_o horse_n or_o ox_n or_o ox_n and_o horse_n mix_v together_o according_a to_o the_o husbandman_n ability_n but_o if_o he_o be_v a_o lord_n of_o his_o own_o pleasure_n and_o may_v command_v and_o have_v every_o thing_n with_o be_v most_o apt_a and_o proper_a then_o in_o these_o two_o soil_n i_o prefer_v the_o team_n of_o horse_n single_a rather_o than_o ox_n especial_o in_o any_o winter_n or_o moist_a ardour_n because_o they_o do_v not_o tread_v and_o foil_v the_o ground_n make_v it_o miry_a and_o dirty_a as_o the_o ox_n do_v but_o go_v all_o in_o one_o furrow_n do_v keep_v the_o land_n in_o his_o constant_a firmness_n as_o touch_v the_o clot_n slight_v wee_n and_o dress_v of_o these_o two_o soil_n they_o differ_v in_o nothing_o from_o the_o former_a mix_a earth_n but_o desire_v all_o one_o manner_n of_o diligence_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o these_o two_o soil_n the_o black_a clay_n mix_v with_o white_a sand_n and_o the_o white_a clay_n with_o white_a red_a sand_n chap._n iii_o a_o comparison_n of_o all_o the_o former_a soil_n together_o and_o most_o especial_a note_n for_o give_v the_o ignorant_a husbandman_n perfect_a understanding_n of_o what_o be_v write_v before_o the_o reason_n why_o i_o have_v thus_o at_o large_a discourse_v of_o every_o several_a soil_n both_o simple_a and_o compound_v be_v to_o show_v unto_o the_o industrious_a husbandman_n the_o perfect_a and_o true_a reason_n of_o the_o general_a alteration_n of_o our_o work_n in_o husbandry_n through_o this_o our_o realm_n of_o england_n for_o if_o all_o our_o land_n as_o it_o be_v one_o kingdom_n be_v likewise_o of_o one_o composition_n mixture_n and_o goodness_n it_o be_v then_o exceed_a preposterous_a to_o see_v those_o diversity_n alteration_n i_o and_o even_o contrary_a manner_n of_o proceed_n in_o husbandry_n which_o be_v daily_o and_o hourly_o use_v but_o every_o man_n in_o his_o own_o work_n know_v the_o 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his_o hand_n he_o have_v be_v put_v even_o unto_o his_o wit_n end_n therefore_o i_o think_v it_o convenient_a in_o this_o place_n by_o a_o slight_a comparison_n of_o soil_n together_o to_o give_v the_o simple_a husbandman_n such_o direct_a &_o plain_a rule_n that_o he_o shall_v with_o out_o the_o study_n of_o his_o brain_n attain_v to_o absolute_a knowledge_n of_o every_o several_a mixture_n of_o earth_n and_o albeit_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a distinct_o to_o say_v at_o the_o first_o that_o it_o be_v compound_v of_o such_o and_o such_o earth_n yet_o he_o shall_v be_v very_o able_a to_o deliver_v the_o true_a reason_n and_o manner_n how_o such_o ground_n of_o what_o nature_n soever_o shall_v be_v husband_v and_o title_v therefore_o to_o begin_v the_o husbandman_n be_v to_o understand_v that_o general_o there_o be_v but_o two_o soil_n for_o he_o to_o regard_v for_o in_o they_o consist_v the_o whole_a art_n of_o husbandry_n as_o namely_o the_o open_a and_o loose_a earth_n and_o 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