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A84011 The survey of policy: or, A free vindication of the Commonwealth of England, against Salmasius, and other royallists. By Peter English, a friend to freedom. English, Peter, a friend to freedom.; Pierson, David. 1654 (1654) Wing E3078; Thomason E727_17; ESTC R201882 198,157 213

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the head and glory thereof And that because the Nations and great ones of the Earth be two main pillars by which Babylon is underpropped for as the Whore doth sit upon the Nations Rev. 17.1.15 so the great men of the Earth bewail her desolation Rev 18.9 10 11 2 13 14 15 16 17 18 19.23 yea and side with her as she engageth against the Saints of the Most High Rev. 19.19 A great Star from Heaven burning as a Lamp shal fall upon the waters and their fountains Rev. 8.10 by which the waters shall be enbit●ered as with wormwood v. 11. so that many of them shall die being turned into blood and made bitter kev. 8.11 compared with chap. 17.4 Which waters and sountains thereof be the very destroyers and persecutors of the Saints Rev. 16.6 expounded to be Babylon and such as side with her Rev. 18.24 Behold how the Lord in overthrowing Babylon maketh its King and Lucifer Isa 14.4 compared with v. 12. to fall from his throne and dignity Whose fall seiseth upon the Nations and the great ones of the Earth by which they are enbittered and enraged making die and made to die And that because the ruin of Babylon is attended and accomplished with the fall of the Nations Rev. 16.19 and overthrow of Kings Rev. 19.20 21. the Lord of hosts staining the pride of all glory and bringing into contempt all the honourable of the Earth Isa 23.9 Where upon the heathen shall rage and the people imagine a vain thing the Kings of the Earth shall set themselves and the Rulers take counsel together against the Lord and against his anointed Psa 2.1 2. So that as they shall be enbittered making many die many men dying of the waters because of their bitterness so they themselves shall be destroyed the waters and fountains thereof turning into blood And thus the three main props of Babylon shall be quite overturned viz. the forces of the Nations their heads and the Nations themselves the Lord overturning overturning overturning Babylon that it be no more until he come whose right it is the Lord giving unto his Son the Diadem and the Crown Ezek. 21.26 27. anointing him King on his holy Hill Zion laying the Government on his shoulders in the day of his Personal Appearance And thus there is an overturn for every pillar of Babylon The fourth party plagued is the Sun Rev. 16 8. which in Scripture is taken these several wayes 1 for the physical and visible Sun Gen. 15.12 2 God himself Psa 84.11 3 Christ Cant. 1.6 Mal. 4.2 4 by way of comparison it is taken for the Church Cant. 6.10 5 the chief though transformed light or the Lucifer of an Antichristian and Babylonish state Isa 13.10 compared with chap. 14.12 Jer. 15.9 Ezek. 32.7 Joel 2.10 31. chap. 3.15 Amos 8.9 Mic. 3.6 Matth. 24.29 Mark 13.24 Acts 2.20 Rev. 6.12 6 a main and chief light of the Church of God Isa 30.26 No man in reason will say that in the out-powring of the fourth vial is understood the plaguing of God of Christ which to aver is blasphemy or any such like thing but the darkning the Lucifer of Babylon or the main pretended light of the antichristian state with spiritual darkness So that all the transformed and pretended lights of the Babylonish state shall be in a great part thereof smitten with darknes Rev. 8.12 having their understanding darkened being alienated from the ●e of God through the ignorance that is in them because of the blindness of their heart Ephes 4.18 God sending them strong delusion that they should beleeve a lye 2 Thess 2.11 The fisth party plagued is the Seat of the Beast Rev. 16.10 i. e. his power and authority which shall be smitten with great darkness his kingdom being full thereof Rev. 16.10 compared with chap. 13.2 A smoke rising out of the pit as the smoke of a great furnace by which the Sun and Air are darkened at the sounding of the fifth Angel while-as a star falleth from Heaven on the Earth Rev. 9.1 2. whence Babylon is overthrown by violence and darkness the day of the Lord upon it being a day of wastness and desolation a day of darkness and gloominess a day of clouds and thick darkness Zeph. 1.15 Shall not the day of the Lord be darkness and not light even very dark and no brightness in it Amos 5.20 And thus with a whirlwind of violence and a cloud of darkness the Lord cometh up from the North Ezek. 1.4 to lay Babylon with all her glory in the dust for as by violence the powers of Babylon are overthrown so by darkness they are hardened in heart contemning the truth blaspheming God and not repenting of their deeds Rev. 16.9 10 11. So that the greater violence is executed against them the more obstinate in wickedness they become blaspheming God his People and Interest Rev. 16.21 Pharaoh-like the more plagued the more hardened As appeareth in some measure at this very hour among the enemies of Zion's Interest The more to day the Egyptians are plagued the more blasphemously do they reproach and are hardened in heart The sixth party plagued is the River Euphrates Rev. 16.12 Concerning which there be these things considerable 1 The up-drying of it Which cannot be understood mystically seeing in no place of Scripture the word Euphrates is taken in a mystical sense It is read twenty times only in the Scriptures and no where is it taken mystically but literally as is more then evident to any that shall enquire after it We must needs therefore say that the River Euphrates shall be dried up the Lord with his mighty wind shaking his hand over it smiting it in the seven streams and making men to go over it dry-shod Isa 11.15 2 The end for which it is dried-up Which is to prepare a way for those Kings that come up from the East or the rising of the Sun Rev. 16.12 And thus there shall be an high way for the remnant of his people which shall be left from Assyria like as it was to Israel in the day that he came up from the Land of Egypt Isa 11.16 Whence the Lord setting his hand again the second time to recover the remnant of his people Israel from Assyria and from Egypt Isa 11.11 shall miraculously deliver them as he did while-as he set his hand the first time in bringing them up from Egypt by the conduct of Moses for as at the first time he dried-up the Red-sea before them so at the second time of their recovery he will utterly destroy the tongue of the Egyptian-sea and dry up the River Euphrates before them smiting it in its seven streams that they may go over it dry-shod Now upon what accompt the people of the Jews are called the Kings of the East you may reade for this The Saints Kingdom sect 7. 3 The engagement the people of the Jews come to as they come up from the East Then do the unclean spirits
after he had abandoned Attica Ber. ant lib. 5. Porc. Cat. ex lib. orig fragm Janus erected Colonies in Arabia felix calling them Janineans and Camesennus in Italy calling them Montan aboriginists An. Nin. 4. Yea Janus coming out of Africk unto Celtiber-Hispania emplaced two Colonies calling them Noëlans and Noeglans Bero●us also reporteth that Dardanus being gifted by Ato with a part of the Land of Maeonia with his Colonies there erected the kingdom of Dardani An. Ascat 41. About which time Tyrrhenus planted the Tyrrhenians in Italy Where also the Griphonians and the Colonies of Phaëton were planted together with the Colonies of Auson An. Aral 8 9 10. and 49. And Armatr an 20. Cydnus and Eridanus erected the Kingdom of Ister in Italy Ber. ant lib. 5. It shall not be amiss for us here to use a distinction Some of these forenamed Colonies were immediatly planted after the flood about the 150. year thereafter Such are these who were planted under the reign of Nimred Belus and Ninus or thereabout Some of them were planted a long time after while-as all the Countries round about where they took up their residence were afore-hand planted So the Tyrrhenians Griphenians Dardanians Isterians the Colonies of Phaëton and Auson were planted Indeed I may say that the heads of the Colonies of both sorts were absolute and of an arbitrary power Yet I cannot imagine but the absolu●eness of the heads of the first sort of Colonies was more intense then that of the other 1. Because the heads of the first sort were holden and worshiped as gods Thus Cur is called the Saturn of Aethiopia Chemesenuus the Saturn of Egypt Xenoph. de aquiv. And it is observable that all the first founders of Kingdoms are called Saturns and those who immediatly succeed to them are called Jupiters And consequently the first and primary erecters of Kingdoms being holden as gods yea as the chief gods to us it is more then apparent that such have been of a most intense and absolute power They could not be honoured and esteemed as gods unless a God-like power had been ascribed unto them But we judge that the after-planted Colonies who came in upon other men's share sheltering under their wings and receiving places of abode from them had no proper gods of their own but honoured those as their gods from whom they received the places of their residence and abode So the Thuscits worshiped Juno and Jupiter i. e. Isis and Osiris who are Egyptian gods These they worship because Hercules Osiris son who is also called Jupiter erected them and gave them his son Thusous to reign over them Yea the Tyrrhenians do not worship Tyrrhenus though he was their first King but Janus who was the first planter of Italy by whose Colonies Janus had planted there Tyrrhenus was graciously received And it is observable that the chief Kingdoms which were first inhabited as Assyria Italy Egypt and E●hiopia did honour and worship their first Kings and Planters as great gods And so we do not think but the first and primary Founders of other Kingdoms as Mese and Getulis who erected the Kingdom of the Masagets in India as did Anamae●n the Kingdom of Maeonia An. Nim. 45. were likewise holden by their People and Colonies as prime gods to whom they did owe God-like worship and respect Thence it is that Xenophon saith Saturni dicuntur familiarum nobilium Regum qui urbes condiderunt senissimi De aequiv And as the first and primary Founders of Kingdoms are holden as Saturns primary gods so their first-born are holden as Jupiters and Junoes the chiefest of their grand-children as Her●uleses And so as Xenophon saith the secondary gods are multiplied according to the multiplication and diversity of the primary gods So then seing the primary Kingdoms and first Colonies have their own proper gods and the secondary Kingdoms which were planted in after-times the chief parts of the Continent being afore-hand planted by primary Colonies had no proper gods but such as were common both to them and the primary Colonies or the first inhabitants It is evident to us that the heads and leaders of the secondary and after-Colonies had no such absolute power as the heads and leaders of the primary Colonies The power is proportioned according to the honour and respect people give to their Kings and Rulers A primary honour a primary power a secondary honour a secondary power And consequently the Kings of the primary Colonies being attended with a primary respect whereas the Kings of the after-Colonies got but honour in a secondary way no question the power of the one was more intense then the power of the other 2. Because the heads of the after-Colonies being in after times were neither men of such ancient descent and root as the heads of the primary Colonies nor do I think they were men of such courage and strength as they Strength and courage was the more in vigour how much more they approached the youth and beginings of time Time's youth declining man's youth also faded After-time after-strength And withall after-Colonies coming in upon other men's lot both the Law of courtesie and obligation unlesse the primary Colonies by way of gratification or else in simplicity had past all claim of priviledge over them of which we read nothing neither is it probable did tie them to hold one way or other of the former and primary inhabitants This maketh nothing against the absolute power of their own proper Kings though they honoured the first Kings of the primary Colonies as gods They might very well have acknowledged their own proper Kings as their absolute Lords though ascribing a divine and more intense honour and respect to the first Kings of the primary Colonies This maketh us think that the Thuscites albeit Thuscus was their proper King held Hercules the Egyptian though Hercules to the Egyptians as Jupiter Idem quoque qui unis populis est Hereules alieris est Jupiter They held of Heroules more then of Thuscus Thuscus was their King but they had their being and residence of Hercules Whereupon we conclude that the first of Kings were most absolute of a more vaste and intense power then Kings of after-times and secondary Colonies Yet we cannot deny but even such were absolute also they being men of great valour and courage and not onely such but even those from whose conduct and means the being of their people did in a most special manner depend They did not only govern them as a people but they made them a people But not withstanding this I cannot imagine that their power was so absolute as that it admitted no restraint And so in respect of them I take Aristotle by the hand who saith that in the dayes of the Heroes Kings were absolute though some of them in some things were restricted 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Polit. lib. 3. cap. 11. I say some of them because the first founders of Kingdoms and the grand Heroes
1 Sam. 3. Pet. Mart com in Jud. cap. 1. Virg. Malvez disc 39. See also Buchanan de Jur. Reg. ap Scot. SECT III. Whether or not is a Common-wealth the best of Governments WE know Rollists hold the Quarie absurd But with their leave I freely offer my judgment in the following Affertion Assert Without all controversie Democracy arightly instituted simply and absolutely is of all Governments the sweetest and contributeth most to the good of the people In establishing this we observe this order Firstly from the first and primary institution of the Jewish Commonwealth It cannot be denied but it was popular and democratick and that for these reasons 1. Because the Judges and Rulers of Israel were not choosed and set apart upon the accompt of any nationall and carnall priviledge The Holy Ghost giveth them no preeminence above their brethren for old descent worldly honour and riches Men to govern in it were not choosed for their riches nobility and blood respects No verily They had onely place to govern because of vertue and godlinesse Moreover thou shalt provideable men such as fear God men of truth bating covetousnesse and place such over them to be ● rulers and let them judge the people at all seasons And Moses choosed able men and made them heads over the people rulers And they judged the people at all seasons Exod. 18. Mark there is not a word here of choosing the rich and honorable or of any carnall or blood-tie The Judges that are choosed are men qualified vertuous and godly able to discharge their trust And this was not onely required in inferiour Judges but even in the higher Judges also members of the Sandrin The Seventy were wise men and understanding and known amongst the tribes Deut. 1. They were not choosed at randome or at all adventures No verily They were selected out from amongst the Judges spoken of Ex. 18. And the LORD said unto Moses Gather unto me seventy men of the elders of Israel whom thou knowest to be the elders of the people and officers over them Num. 11. Now it is shewed that such men were vertuous and godly able for places of trust And yet the LORD rested not satisfied therewith but being about to entrust them with higher matters he doubleth the spirit upon them And I wili come-down and talk with thee there and I will take of the spirit which is upon thee and will put it upon them and they shall bear the burden of the people with thee that thou bear it not thy-self alone And the LORD came down in a cloud and spake unto him and took of the spirit that was upon him and gave it unto the seventy elders Num. ib. Neither can it be denied but those who were called Judges 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by way of excellency were most eminently qualified far beyond any other GOD had a most speciall hand in calling them to the charge Judg. 2. So Moses Joshuab c. Tell me I pray you have not we more then reason to say That the first and primary Government amongst the people of the Jews was popular I denie not but qualification may be looked-to and have place both in Monarchy and Optimacy But observe both of these Governments in their best institution do look to riches and honour as a necessary condition As for Monarchy there is noquestion And Aristotle distinguisheth between the government of few and Optimacy Both which ordinarily passe under the notion of Aristocracy And Oligarchy saith he onely looketh to riches and honour Pol 4. cap. 5. as Optimacy doth both to riches and vertue cap. 7. Thus whether in Mon●rchy or Aristocracy in their most reformed condition not onely qualification is looked-to but also naturall priviledges are required as necessary conditions But we hear not a word of any naturall priviledge in choosing and setting-apart the Judges and Rulers of the Jewish first Commonwealth There is not a word spoken of their riches and honour but of their abilities for the discharge of their trust The Holy Ghost faith not The wise men rich and honorable together with the heirs of the Rulers were appointed to govern There is not a word of any such naturall respect And do you imagine that the Holy Ghost at any time would have past-by in silence these naturall priviledges if they had been required as necessary conditions in the Judges and Rulers of the Jewes Well is it so that according to the Holy Ghost's way only the vertuous and godly should govern and none other did bear rule in the first institution of the Jewish Commonwealth why shall we imagine but the people did bear rule amongst them I hope you will not say that vertue and godlinesse is not to be found amongst the people but amongst the great ones The contrary is rather true 'T is hard for a rich man to enter Heaven Mat. 19 Job 32 9.1 Cor. 1 26 27 28 29. 'T is observable at this time there was but small difference amongst the people of the Jews in the matter of riches The most they had was the gold and silver they had gotten from the Egyptians Ex. 3.11 and 12. And every man and woman amonost them gote jewels of silver and gold from the Egyptians Nay but it was not a time of their wealth whileas they travelled in the wilderness Their condition then was very unsetled What they had then was from hand to mouth Any provision they had was from GOD'S extraordinary furnishing And they were all that way a-like served And after they had entered the Land and gotten possession of it we read the Land was equally divided amongst them according to their Tribes and Families They lived then as a peculiar people claiming neerer relation one to another then any people did In after-ages and corrupt times they could all tell you they all were the children and seed of Abraham The neerest bonds of Nature tied every one of them to supply another's wants And as for Titles of honour amongst them we read of none till they gote Kings Such vile and prodigall titles as to day are used then were unknown Yet obeserve there was a two sold and only a two-fold sort of Titles amongst them 1. A Title of Office And thus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Elders and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Officers Ex. 18. Deut. 1. Josh 24 Both which were called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Judges and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Rulers And as by their vertue they came to be Judges and Rulers so by that same they attained to these Titles of Office Which are most approved and commendable as they are most ordinary and usuall 2. A title of meer nature Thus in the time of Judges and Captains they were called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heaves Josh 24. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 chief of the Fathers Ez● 4.8 and 10. These Titles and Priviledges they had from the precedency of Nature as the first-born hath from the younger The very Law of Nature