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A37608 MÄ“no-Ezeologia, or, A treatise of moneths and years comprehending a survey of the solar and lunar moneths and years, a description of the moneths and years heretofore in use among the Hebrews, Babylonians, Persians, Egyptians, Grecians, Arabians, and ancient Latines : an accommodation of all the said moneths and years to the present Julian and Gregorian : together with a new and easie directory for the finding out of the golden number, cycle of the sun ... : to which is also adjoyned, an abridgement of the history of the world from the creation unto Christ, and a continuation of the British history from Christ to this present : with a reduction of the era's of Nabonaffer, of the Olympiads, of Rome ab urbe condita, and of Seleucus, unto Scriptural accounts, and an adjustment of them vvith one another, very necessary for the understanding of the writings of the ancients : with many other chronological and mathematical observations, no less useful than delightful / composed by Nathaniel Eaton. Eaton, Nathaniel, 1609?-1674. 1657 (1657) Wing E117; ESTC R872 44,898 112

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Μηνο-Εξεολοία OR A Treatise of Moneths and Years Comprehending A Survey of the Solar and Lunar Moneths and Years A description of the Moneths and Years heretofore in use among the Hebrews Babylonians Persians Egyptians Grecians Arabians and ancient Latines An accommodation of all the said Moneths and Years to the present Julian and Gregorian Together with A new and easie Directory for the finding out of the Golden Number Cycle of the Sun Dominical letters Leap-years Easter with the Moveable Feasts Epact with the Changes of the Moon for both the last Computations for ever All which are delineated according unto both Accounts for thirty years ensuing and particularly exemplified in two distinct Calendars for this present year 16●7 To which is also adjoyned An Abridgement of the History of the World from the Creation unto Christ and a continuation of the Brittish History from Christ to this present With A Reduction of the Era's of Nabonasser of the Olympiads of Rome ab Urbe condita and of Seleucus unto Scriptural accounts and an adjustment of them vvith one another very necessary for the understanding of the writings of the Ancients With many other Chronological and Mathematical Observations no less useful then delightful Composed by NATHANAEL EATON Doctor of Philosophy and Medicine London Printed by J. Macock for the Company of Stationers 1657. Authors made use of in this Treatise A Gerus Ferrus Alphonsus Angelus Politianus Aratus Augustinus Bucholzer Bunting Chald. Paraphrast Clemens Alexandrinus Codoman Diodorus Siculus Diegenes Laertius Eusebius Eratosthenes Fernelius Galen Gauricus Halicarnassaeus Hector Boetius Herodotus Heylin Johan Picus Mirand Johan Francisc Nep. Josephus Julius Scaliger Justin Lactantius Firmianus Lalamantius Libanius Livius Macrobius Mercator Nicephorus Calistus Ovid. Plinius Plutarch Ptolomy Raleigh Solinus Antiochenus Speed Strabo Suetonius Suidas Tullius Varro Virgilius To his ever honoured Mother and her no less venerable Sister the two famous Universities of this Land Cambridge and Oxford This his Μηνο-εξεο-λοια most humbly Dedicates P. M. D. TImes ancient Records whilst I here unfold And those great things that have been done of old At whose feet else should I my Labours lay But at the daughters of Mnemosyna And when I track the Circuits of the Sun The Poets Father and how times have run From his first Fabrick to these days to whom But you fair Sisters should my Travels come Who are their Parent too and have a share As well as he in what they have or are Take therefore these my Works but take them wel As Mothers do the tales their children tell Syllabus Libri Ad LECTOREM LUnar and Solar th'Hebrew months and years How Persians and Egyptians ordered theirs How Greeks Arabians Latines theirs and when The Julian and Gregorian Counts began How th'aequinoctial periods still ensu'd And when the Moon her waining light renew'd Through times dark mists what lights the Scripture yeild How Judah and Israels Kings are paralleld When Shemer's walls and Zions Towers were burn'd When the two Tribes from Babels bonds return'd What Kings the second Temple did adorn When Daniel's weeks commenc'd and Christ was born When Troys rich Empire Greeks did over-run When the Olympiad Aera was begun Carthage foundations and when Romes were laid When Nabonasser and Seleucus sway'd To the Reader Th'Eclipses which did in that space betide When Philip and great Alexander dy'd What Kings in Egypt what in Persia sate The wars and rising of the Roman State When Julius conquer'd when Augustus reign'd How long their Legions in this Land remain'd When Hengist with his Saxon Troops came in And when their several Kingdoms did begin When Danes usurp'd what Kings of them did reign And when the English thrust them out again When Norman William entred with his men What Princes of his Line have rul'd since then When Scots the Isles North limits first assail'd When they ore Dousken King of Picts prevail'd What Kings from Kenneth held that Throne what fate The Welsh and Irish Crowns did subjugate Would'st thou know this and more this Book alone Reader will give thee satisfaction Of the Solar and Lunar Moneths 1. THough it be certain that the circuits and variations of times may be as well computed by the motions and errors of the other Planets as by those of the Sun and Moon yet because the most of men neither know those limits nor are able to observe their periods some of them extending unto two some of them to twelve and some to thirty years it is therefore according to the circulation of these two Planets only that the distinction of moneths and years is generally measured and accounted 2. The Solar moneth to begin with that is the time wherein the Sun moveth from one signe unto another as from the first degree of Aries to the first degree of Taurus or the like But of these moneths we find not any Nation that ever did or yet doth retain a true account For neither do we in Europe who from Julius Caesars time have been the most exact in this particular of all the world much less do other Nations begin our moneths at the very time that the Sun makes his entrance into these Signes neither do we alot to every moneth that just extent wherein he continueth in a Signe but many times exceed and somtimes are under the proportion 3. Next unto the Solar are the Lunar moneths by which indeed the general mensuration of times hath been alwaies made especially until Caesar's time in all Nations of the world except the Persians and Egyptians of whose moneths we shall speak hereafter as being more obvious to vulgar apprehensions then the others are 4. Of these Lunar moneths we find in Galen a fourfold division or partition of which it was the first only that was taken into the ordinary or common dimension of the year which he therefore calls 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the exact monthly time because how ever th' other have the name of months yet not so properly as this which is as it were by nature squared and fisted to that end And this is it which our late Writers call the moneth of Consecution or Conjunction comprehending the time wherein the Moon overtaketh the Sun after his departure from him or the interim that is from one change unto another which is 29 days and 12 hours In consideration of which 12 hours the ancient Grecians at the end of every other moneth took in a whole day which they called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Varro dere rustica lib. 1. cap. 37. calls it extremam primam Others have called it veterem nova●am because it was the end of the old Moon and the beginning of the New Solon as Diogenes Laertius mentions in his life was the first that caused it to be called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the 30 day and from his time downwards to the odd moneths viz to the 1. 3. 5. and the like they always assigned 30 days and to the