likewise_o of_o those_o former_a province_n name_v aristan_n 6._o bengala_n 7._o aristan_n the_o six_o and_o seven_o be_v bengala_n and_o aristan_n where_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o cattigan_n and_o satigan_n and_o principal_o for_o trade_n that_o of_o bengala_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o gulf_n know_v by_o that_o name_n and_o orissa_n inhabit_v by_o christian_n of_o st._n thomas_n so_o call_v because_o he_o convert_v they_o canora_fw-la 8._o canora_fw-la the_o eight_o be_v canora_fw-la under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o mogul_n the_o most_o famous_a city_n be_v ultabat_fw-la lispor_fw-la melinda_n etc._n etc._n dellia_n 9_o dellia_n the_o nine_o be_v dellia_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v dellie_n the_o sometime_o residence_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n the_o other_o famous_a city_n be_v tremel_n fatabar_n and_o chesmer_n famous_a for_o the_o study_n here_o of_o magic_n all_o these_o mighty_a province_n have_v be_v conquer_v by_o the_o great_a mogul_n force_n within_o these_o 90_o year_n to_o the_o astonishment_n of_o all_o india_n gangem_fw-la india_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la india_n extra_fw-la gangem_fw-la contain_v 12_o potent_a kingdom_n and_o all_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o potent_a king_n of_o barma_n which_o cursory_o i_o will_v also_o run_v over_o macin_n 1._o macin_n the_o first_o be_v macin_n aquavitae_fw-la lignum_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la famous_a for_o that_o sweet-wood_n which_o this_o country_n do_v produce_v call_v aloe_n or_o lignum_fw-la vitoe_n value_v at_o its_o weight_n in_o pure_a silver_n serviceable_a only_o here_o for_o the_o pompous_a funeral_n of_o great_a prince_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v the_o say_v macin_n aracan_a 2._o aracan_a the_o second_o be_v aracan_a ava_n ava_n wherein_o be_v the_o city_n of_o ava_n which_o through_o the_o world_n be_v so_o famous_a for_o the_o abundance_n of_o gem_n cambaia_n 3._o cambaia_n the_o three_o be_v cambaia_n famous_a for_o this_o city_n of_o cambaia_n a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n which_o afford_v plenty_n of_o gold_n silver_n aloe_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n of_o great_a worth_n couchin-china_n 4._o couchin-china_n the_o four_o be_v couchin_n china_n abound_v with_o the_o like_a commodity_n bring_v to_o couchin-china_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o much_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n of_o all_o country_n for_o porcelain_n and_o china-dish_n here_o make_v and_o much_o in_o esteem_n and_o use_v in_o these_o country_n barma_n 5._o barma_n the_o five_o be_v barma_n make_v famous_a only_o within_o 60_o year_n for_o the_o prince_n hereof_o have_v vanquish_v all_o the_o former_a kingdom_n and_o make_v they_o tributary_n to_o this_o kingdom_n and_o this_o sceptre_n siam_n 6._o siam_n the_o six_o be_v siam_n once_o the_o lady_n of_o all_o india_n now_o subject_a to_o barma_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v mollacia_n in_o compass_n 20_o mile_n a_o town_n of_o great_a resort_n for_o merchant_n for_o the_o traffic_n of_o spice_n and_o now_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o portugal_n the_o next_o be_v siam_n situate_v on_o the_o river_n mean_a which_o every_o year_n overflow_v the_o country_n for_o 120_o mile_n and_o last_o odin_n on_o the_o river_n cuipomo_n on_o which_o 200000_o boat_n be_v find_v daily_o to_o be_v set_v on_o work_n and_o contain_v 400000_o family_n and_o be_v now_o know_v the_o residence_n of_o that_o famous_a and_o fortunate_a king_n of_o barma_n beforementioned_a pegu._n 7._o pegu._n the_o seven_o be_v pegu_n which_o give_v name_n to_o a_o principal_a city_n have_v a_o rich_a soil_n and_o harbourous_a seashore_n the_o principal_a know_a haven_n be_v martaban_n and_o here_o be_v also_o lasmin_a a_o city_n of_o great_a commerce_n this_o country_n have_v suffer_v much_o by_o sword_n pestilence_n and_o famine_n within_o these_o late_a year_n and_o be_v now_o as_o the_o rest_n a_o province_n of_o this_o aforesaid_a powerful_a king_n of_o barma_n now_o have_v thus_o survey_v india_n in_o the_o general_a and_o in_o gross_a as_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o kingdom_n and_o province_n it_o will_v be_v requisite_a it_o shall_v next_o be_v survey_v in_o the_o particular_a so_o far_o as_o it_o may_v concern_v our_o present_a purpose_n which_o be_v the_o commerce_n and_o trade_n thereof_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n know_v to_o our_o nation_n wherein_o i_o can_v wish_v my_o experience_n better_a to_o show_v the_o particular_n thereof_o in_o consideration_n of_o the_o large_a extent_n of_o ground_n that_o be_v comprise_v under_o this_o name_n of_o india_n stretch_v itself_o from_o taurus_n to_o the_o ocean_n one_o way_n and_o from_o china_n to_o persia_n which_o be_v near_o 4000_o mile_n another_o way_n at_o which_o place_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a for_o i_o to_o begin_v my_o trade_n and_o see_v what_o may_v be_v observe_v therein_o yet_o before_o i_o enter_v into_o this_o discovery_n and_o give_v a_o particular_a relation_n of_o such_o material_n wherewith_o trade_n be_v in_o itself_o practise_v through_o this_o large_a tract_n of_o land_n island_n and_o sea_n and_o before_o i_o show_v the_o matter_n wherewith_o this_o trade_n be_v in_o all_o this_o country_n drive_v it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a i_o shall_v also_o see_v who_o they_o principal_o be_v that_o manage_v this_o trade_n and_o to_o who_o this_o great_a traffic_n appertain_v either_o as_o they_o be_v native_n and_o here_o bear_v or_o as_o they_o be_v stranger_n and_o here_o be_v induce_v to_o reside_v attract_v thereto_o by_o the_o sole_a motive_n of_o the_o great_a commerce_n and_o rich_a commodity_n find_v either_o natural_o here_o grow_v or_o artificial_o here_o make_v and_o produce_v general_n commodity_n of_o india_n in_o general_n this_o country_n then_o as_o i_o say_v before_o abound_v in_o the_o general_a with_o all_o manner_n of_o mineral_n copper_n and_o lead_v except_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o cattle_n horse_n except_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o spice_n with_o many_o sort_n of_o drug_n cotton_n cloth_n precious_a stone_n etc._n etc._n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o want_n of_o wine_n and_o wheat_n that_o here_o they_o have_v that_o so_o this_o country_n may_v be_v behold_v in_o some_o sort_n to_o other_o as_o other_o be_v for_o her_o commodity_n to_o this_o these_o be_v then_o the_o prime_a commodity_n wherewith_o trade_n be_v here_o maintain_v i_o will_v note_v the_o trader_n and_o native_a merchant_n that_o be_v here_o resident_a which_o proper_o i_o may_v account_v to_o be_v of_o five_o several_a sort_n all_o acknowledge_v several_a rite_n religion_n and_o custom_n and_o therefore_o partake_v of_o so_o many_o several_a form_n and_o manner_n in_o the_o manage_n of_o their_o affair_n of_o merchandize_v india_n the_o merchant_n in_o general_a trade_n in_o india_n the_o gentile_a merchant_n be_v the_o first_o and_o be_v find_v of_o great_a eminency_n in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o tract_n the_o native_a christian_n convert_v by_o the_o discipline_n of_o st._n thomas_n be_v the_o second_o who_o in_o many_o place_n be_v find_v to_o manage_v a_o great_a and_o ample_a trade_n through_o this_o country_n the_o three_o be_v the_o mahometan_n persian_n and_o tartarian_n especial_o since_o the_o great_a victory_n of_o the_o mogul_n find_v here_o also_o of_o great_a quality_n and_o estate_n the_o four_o be_v the_o jew_n who_o live_v stragling_o disperse_v over_o and_o through_o all_o part_n of_o this_o country_n and_o in_o every_o prince_n dominion_n exercise_v the_o same_o the_o five_o be_v moor_n and_o arabian_n who_o some_o 200_o year_n pass_v seize_v on_o some_o haven-town_n here_o along_o this_o coast_n drive_v the_o native_n into_o the_o inland_a part_n and_o at_o this_o day_n be_v see_v to_o be_v very_o great_a merchant_n the_o six_o be_v the_o portugal_n who_o possess_v some_o few_o sea-town_n commodious_a for_o traffic_n brag_v of_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n which_o they_o be_v in_o no_o more_o possibility_n entire_o to_o conquer_v and_o possess_v than_o the_o french_a be_v to_o subdue_v spain_n when_o they_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o fort_n of_o perpignan_n or_o the_o english_a to_o be_v master_n of_o france_n when_o they_o be_v only_a sovereign_n of_o calais_n and_o now_o to_o the_o city_n of_o this_o tract_n where_o at_o this_o day_n be_v find_v a_o trade_n to_o be_v practise_v and_o first_o of_o diu._n chap._n lxxxix_o of_o diu_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o of_o diu_n and_o the_o trade_n there_o of_o the_o town_n and_o island_n of_o diu_n lie_v about_o 20_o league_n from_o the_o famous_a river_n indus_n and_o not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o firm_a land_n it_o be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o portugal_n who_o have_v conquer_v both_o the_o island_n and_o town_n from_o the_o king_n of_o cambaia_n and_o so_o fortify_v it_o as_o it_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v now_o invincible_a this_o town_n have_v a_o very_a good_a and_o great_a haven_n and_o
for_o set_v aside_o the_o worship_n and_o service_n of_o god_n which_o be_v only_o fit_a and_o proper_a to_o divine_n and_o churchman_n the_o person_n and_o purse_n of_o the_o merchant_n supply_v in_o a_o fair_a measure_n all_o the_o other_o part_n beforementioned_a for_o first_o the_o merchant_n navigation_n and_o traffic_n be_v see_v to_o supply_v the_o city_n with_o corn_n grain_n cloth_n etc._n etc._n and_o all_o manner_n of_o provision_n both_o for_o back_n and_o belly_n delight_n and_o ornament_n tend_v either_o to_o pleasure_n or_o need_v and_o this_o way_n he_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o the_o husbandman_n and_o shepherd_n his_o traffic_n be_v see_v to_o supply_v the_o city_n with_o arm_n armour_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o ammunition_n either_o offensive_a or_o defensive_a and_o thus_o far_o he_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o soldier_n his_o traffic_n likewise_o be_v see_v to_o bring_v riches_n into_o the_o common_a purse_n by_o custom_n impost_n and_o such_o duty_n and_o thereby_o may_v be_v say_v to_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o the_o wealthy_a and_o most_o eminent_a thereof_o he_o be_v see_v by_o his_o wisdom_n travel_n and_o experience_n abroad_o to_o be_v able_a oftentimes_o to_o sit_v at_o the_o stern_a of_o the_o city_n government_n punish_v the_o vicious_a reward_v the_o virtuous_a and_o herein_o he_o perform_v the_o part_n of_o a_o senator_n and_o counsellor_n neither_o yet_o be_v he_o want_v in_o many_o other_o particular_n to_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o good_a patriot_n and_o citizen_n not_o comprise_v within_o any_o of_o these_o aforesaid_a limit_n for_o his_o traffic_n be_v see_v to_o improve_v the_o country_n commodity_n to_o set_v the_o poor_a and_o needy_a on_o work_n to_o invent_v new_a fabric_n stuff_n and_o the_o like_a to_o plant_v foreign_a colony_n to_o settle_v peace_n and_o amity_n among_o prince_n to_o build_v warlike_a ship_n to_o train_v up_o seaman_n and_o to_o make_v the_o city_n and_o place_n of_o his_o abode_n famous_a and_o eminent_a by_o sundry_a other_o mean_n which_o i_o can_v exemplify_v if_o need_n be_v in_o this_o place_n and_o which_o at_o present_a i_o willing_o omit_v now_o then_o if_o the_o merchant_n and_o the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v be_v so_o excellent_a and_o consequent_o necessary_a in_o a_o city_n and_o bring_v with_o it_o so_o many_o benefit_n and_o commodity_n how_o happy_a then_o be_v that_o city_n where_o many_o notable_a and_o well-governed_a merchant_n be_v find_v to_o reside_v and_o where_o their_o care_n of_o their_o own_o profit_n be_v so_o necessary_o interweave_v with_o the_o care_n of_o the_o commonwealth's_a and_o its_o good_a that_o to_o themselves_o and_o to_o their_o country_n their_o labour_n and_o adventure_n do_v bring_v in_o thus_o mutual_o not_o only_o a_o commodity_n but_o also_o a_o honour_n but_o to_o the_o matter_n all_o city_n and_o town_n be_v not_o find_v in_o themselves_o proper_a for_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n nor_o yet_o all_o of_o they_o fit_a residence_n for_o merchant_n commerce_n what_o city_n be_v find_v fit_a for_o trade_n and_o commerce_n therefore_o it_o be_v see_v by_o experience_n that_o trade_n have_v settle_v it_o self_n principal_o in_o two_o sort_n of_o city_n and_o town_n and_o in_o such_o first_o the_o inhabitant_n by_o inclination_n and_o then_o foreigner_n and_o stranger_n by_o conversation_n be_v observe_v and_o note_v to_o have_v plant_v themselves_o and_o establish_v a_o trade_n therein_o traffic_n two_o sort_n of_o city_n of_o traffic_n traffic_n then_o reside_v and_o abide_v principal_o in_o two_o several_a sort_n of_o city_n and_o town_n by_o daily_a observation_n be_v find_v to_o be_v such_o as_o these_o the_o first_o be_v the_o maritime_a and_o these_o be_v they_o that_o have_v their_o situation_n on_o the_o sea-shore_n or_o coast_n or_o upon_o navigable_a river_n and_o stream_n and_o the_o second_o be_v they_o that_o have_v their_o situation_n within_o some_o continent_n and_o may_v be_v call_v land-town_n and_o city_n distant_a both_o from_o sea_n and_o river_n and_o though_o that_o in_o both_o these_o trade_n and_o commerce_n be_v observable_a to_o be_v settle_v and_o drive_v yet_o the_o manner_n and_o common_a form_n of_o this_o trade_n be_v find_v to_o differ_v much_o as_o be_v both_o of_o they_o proper_a to_o two_o several_a sort_n of_o traffic_n and_o negociation_n what_o sea-town_n of_o trade_n what_o the_o trade_n observe_v then_o to_o be_v drive_v in_o sea-town_n or_o city_n seat_v on_o navigable_a river_n be_v note_v to_o subsist_v principal_o by_o navigation_n and_o by_o the_o easy_a transportation_n of_o merchandise_n by_o that_o commodiousness_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o which_o be_v indeed_o the_o most_o proper_a and_o customary_a way_n whereby_o traffic_n be_v in_o these_o day_n see_v to_o be_v maintain_v and_o preserve_v for_o in_o many_o place_n thus_o situate_v it_o be_v note_v that_o eminent_a merchant_n do_v reside_v who_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o consequent_o of_o navigation_n do_v hold_v a_o correspondency_n and_o trade_n from_o one_o fit_a place_n to_o another_o over_o all_o the_o know_a part_n of_o the_o habitable_a world_n import_v the_o commodity_n of_o all_o other_o country_n and_o export_v the_o native_a commodity_n of_o the_o place_n itself_o and_o of_o this_o sort_n be_v masilia_n amsterdam_n genoa_n venetia_n sevil_n lisbon_n london_n and_o many_o other_o etc._n etc._n what_o land_n town_n of_o trade_n what_o but_o the_o trade_n observe_v to_o be_v drive_v in_o inland_a town_n and_o city_n subsist_v by_o carriage_n of_o commodity_n by_o land_n which_o in_o some_o place_n be_v do_v by_o cart_n in_o some_o by_o camel_n caravan_n mule_n horse_n etc._n etc._n as_o be_v at_o this_o day_n see_v practise_v in_o many_o great_a city_n of_o the_o world_n as_o at_o aleppo_n in_o turkey_n at_o spahan_n in_o persia_n at_o agra_n in_o the_o mogul_n country_n and_o such_o other_o who_o enjoy_v neither_o the_o benefit_n of_o river_n nor_o yet_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o sea_n itself_o by_o many_o mile_n distance_n yet_o therein_o be_v oftentimes_o find_v reside_v many_o merchant_n of_o great_a eminency_n and_o a_o ample_a trade_n be_v discern_v therein_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o this_o follow_a tract_n and_o sometime_o to_o add_v some_o furtherance_n to_o this_o their_o want_n some_o of_o these_o have_v a_o seaport_n or_o haven_n as_o the_o near_a whereto_o ship_n from_o other_o part_n do_v come_v in_o and_o do_v there_o both_o land_n and_o relade_v as_o occasion_n require_v in_o which_o nature_n be_v alexandria_n to_o aleppo_n combrone_n to_o spahan_n and_o sindy_n to_o agra_n fabric_n town_n of_o trade_n in_o manual_a art_n and_o fabric_n beside_o which_o i_o may_v here_o add_v a_o three_o sort_n of_o city_n where_o yet_o trade_n be_v note_v to_o be_v settle_v differ_v from_o both_o the_o former_a and_o which_o can_v be_v comprise_v within_o either_o of_o the_o limit_n and_o these_o be_v such_o as_o subsist_v by_o some_o excellent_a or_o curious_a manual_a art_n or_o fabric_n as_o be_v norimberg_n and_o other_o in_o germany_n roven_n in_o normandy_n florence_n in_o italy_n and_o norwich_n in_o england_n and_o some_o other_o who_o trade_n subsist_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o nature_n produce_v of_o itself_o special_a or_o needful_a commodity_n for_o traffic_n as_o do_v bordeaux_n by_o gascoin_n wine_n zant_n by_o corrant_n smyrna_n by_o cotton_n gilan_n in_o persia_n by_o raw_a silk_n ivisa_fw-la by_o salt_n and_o the_o like_a and_o where_o these_o be_v join_v by_o situation_n proper_a for_o traffic_n to_o the_o former_a they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v far_o more_o absolute_a eminent_a and_o complete_a as_o shall_v be_v discern_v also_o in_o this_o follow_a tract_n commerce_n city_n of_o trade_n mention_v in_o the_o map_n of_o commerce_n these_o be_v then_o the_o city_n and_o town_n which_o general_o in_o this_o map_n i_o handle_v relate_v as_o near_o as_o my_o observation_n and_o read_n will_v permit_v i_o the_o commodity_n that_o the_o place_n do_v natural_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n and_o the_o commodity_n the_o same_o be_v note_v proper_o to_o vent_v together_o with_o the_o time_n when_o the_o same_o be_v either_o send_v out_o or_o bring_v in_o the_o quantity_n how_o much_o with_o all_o other_o such_o circumstance_n as_o be_v thereunto_o belong_v trade_n five_o place_n in_o a_o city_n depend_v upon_o trade_n moreover_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o in_o all_o city_n and_o town_n of_o traffic_n there_o be_v always_o find_v five_o particular_a place_n that_o only_o have_v a_o be_v and_o dependency_n upon_o the_o trade_n thereof_o exchange_n the_o burse_n or_o exchange_n the_o first_o place_n be_v it_o where_o merchant_n and_o tradesman_n do_v assemble_v and_o meet_v at_o certain_a hour_n and_o limit_v time_n of_o the_o day_n to_o
elephant_n tooth_n which_o yield_v not_o any_o commodity_n else_o save_o elephant_n tooth_n to_o procure_v which_o it_o be_v suppose_v 5000_o be_v yearly_o slay_v in_o these_o kingdom_n caffaria_n caffaria_n capharia_n have_v nothing_o famous_a in_o it_o spei_fw-la cape_n bona_fw-la spei_fw-la save_o that_o famous_a and_o note_a head-land_n cape_n bona_fw-la speranza_fw-es discover_v by_o the_o portugal_n in_o anno_fw-la 1497._o manicongo_fw-la manicongo_fw-la manicongo_n be_v discover_v by_o the_o portugal_n 1486_o and_o by_o they_o then_o convert_v to_o the_o popish_a religion_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n soon_o forsake_v as_o peradventure_o see_v that_o that_o religion_n be_v make_v the_o cloak_n of_o their_o conquest_n yield_v yearly_o 30000_o slave_n in_o sale_n to_o the_o portugal_n which_o they_o carry_v to_o brasile_a to_o work_v in_o their_o silver_n mine_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o principal_a of_o these_o it_o be_v fit_a i_o shall_v in_o this_o place_n more_o particular_o handle_v chap._n xxviii_o of_o mosambique_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o mosambique_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o sea-coast_n afford_v the_o prime_a place_n of_o traffic_n know_v to_o our_o countryman_n in_o this_o large_a tract_n of_o land_n beforementioned_a and_o especial_o from_o cape-bona-esperanze_a to_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o red-sea_n which_o now_o come_v to_o be_v handle_v it_o will_v not_o be_v fit_v i_o shall_v whole_o omit_v the_o trade_n thereof_o before_o i_o have_v better_o survey_v the_o same_o together_o with_o those_o town_n of_o traffic_n as_o be_v find_v to_o be_v there_o most_o eminent_a and_o therewith_o relate_v the_o manner_n how_o and_o the_o matter_n whereof_o this_o trade_n be_v here_o maintain_v and_o preserve_v i_o will_v then_o include_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o whole_a coast_n under_o the_o title_n of_o mosambique_n as_o be_v the_o principal_a town_n of_o negotiation_n find_v alongst_o this_o shore_n have_v soffola_n on_o the_o one_o side_n thereof_o and_o quiloa_v on_o the_o other_o side_n all_o which_o be_v fortify_v by_o the_o portugal_n the_o first_o christian_n discoverer_n thereof_o give_v yet_o that_o liberty_n and_o freedom_n to_o the_o country_n inhabitant_n and_o other_o to_o exercise_v the_o same_o that_o will_v and_o consider_v their_o manner_n of_o traffic_n it_o be_v see_v plentiful_o store_v both_o with_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o the_o coast_n itself_o and_o of_o the_o inland_n country_n there_o be_v here_o find_v the_o town_n of_o cuama_n scena_fw-la macava_n brava_fw-it melinda_n and_o other_o along_o this_o shore_n seat_v some_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o abex_n and_o some_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o melinda_n but_o quiloa_o for_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o river_n and_o the_o passage_n into_o the_o main_a continent_n have_v but_o a_o short_a cut_n into_o the_o lake_n of_o zaflan_n in_o which_o there_o arise_v a_o great_a river_n that_o run_v into_o nilus_n and_o so_o to_o cairo_n and_o therefore_o the_o same_o be_v account_v the_o principal_a city_n for_o eminency_n and_o concourse_n of_o people_n though_o for_o traffic_n this_o and_o the_o rest_n give_v place_n if_o the_o spanish_a relation_n be_v true_a to_o mosambique_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o first_o fortress_n that_o be_v build_v by_o the_o portugal_n on_o this_o coast_n and_o sea_n mosambique_n then_o be_v not_o only_o the_o name_n of_o a_o island_n but_o also_o of_o a_o kingdom_n seat_v between_o monomotapa_n and_o quiloa_n the_o island_n be_v sound_a to_o have_v a_o pretty_a town_n seat_v upon_o it_o and_o together_o with_o the_o island_n of_o saint_n george_n and_o saint_n jacob_n make_v a_o large_a fair_a and_o secure_a haven_n for_o ship_n of_o the_o great_a burden_n fit_a to_o receive_v and_o harbour_v all_o vessel_n that_o come_v and_o go_v both_z to_z and_o from_o india_n to_o christendom_n and_o although_o this_o island_n nor_o kingdom_n be_v not_o very_o great_a yet_o they_o be_v very_o rich_a and_o most_o abound_a of_o all_o the_o country_n of_o this_o coast_n of_o mosambique_n the_o island_n whereon_o the_o town_n be_v situate_v be_v inhabit_v now_o by_o two_o manner_n of_o people_n christian_n and_o mahometan_n the_o christian_n account_v themselves_o portugal_n or_o of_o the_o portugal_n race_n who_o be_v the_o keeper_n of_o a_o strong_a castle_n seat_v therein_o from_o whence_o also_o all_o other_o their_o castle_n and_o fort_n seat_v in_o this_o tract_n be_v supply_v with_o their_o necessary_n soffola_n soffola_n especial_o soffola_n where_o the_o rich_a mine_n of_o gold_n of_o all_o this_o coast_n lie_v and_o there_o the_o portugal_n ship_n do_v use_v to_o harbour_v in_o wintertime_n when_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o sail_v either_o backward_a or_o forward_o otherwise_o to_o accomplish_v their_o desire_a voyage_n and_o there_o likewise_o the_o indian_a ship_n be_v accustom_v to_o take_v in_o victual_n and_o fresh_a water_n and_o by_o the_o only_a discovery_n of_o this_o place_n the_o portugal_n first_o find_v out_o the_o way_n to_o india_n for_o here_o they_o meet_v with_o pilot_n that_o be_v able_a to_o instruct_v they_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o navigation_n of_o these_o sea_n and_o be_v expert_a in_o the_o maritime_a coast_n thereof_o they_o have_v no_o sweet_a water_n in_o the_o town_n nor_o in_o the_o castle_n though_o it_o be_v imagine_v to_o be_v the_o strong_a in_o india_n but_o have_v many_o cistern_n round_o about_o it_o wherein_o a_o year_n provision_n of_o water_n be_v ever_o find_v which_o they_o fetch_v from_o the_o continent_n from_o a_o place_n call_v cabasar_n merchant_n the_o captain_n of_o mosambique_n the_o great_a merchant_n the_o captain_n of_o this_o castle_n be_v still_o sound_a to_o be_v the_o great_a merchant_n here_o for_o he_o keep_v a_o factor_n in_o soffola_n and_o another_o in_o quilola_n and_o yearly_o send_v bark_n for_o trade_n alongst_o the_o coast_n who_o common_o for_o some_o good_a service_n perform_v have_v this_o place_n and_o command_v assign_v he_o for_o three_o year_n which_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v worth_a 400_o thousand_o ducat_n and_o afterward_o he_o be_v to_o go_v into_o india_n and_o upon_o his_o own_o charge_n to_o serve_v there_o at_o the_o command_n of_o the_o viceroy_n for_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n other_o three_o year_n and_o then_o may_v depart_v for_o spain_n if_o he_o please_v beside_o who_o none_o may_v hence_o trade_v for_o india_n but_o the_o inhabitant_n portugal_n and_o who_o be_v also_o enjoin_v to_o be_v marry_v man_n for_o such_o as_o be_v unmarried_a may_v not_o stay_v here_o by_o special_a privilege_n from_o the_o king_n grant_v to_o those_o that_o inhabit_v here_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o island_n shall_v be_v people_v and_o thereby_o keep_v safeguard_v and_o maintain_v and_o for_o this_o immunity_n they_o be_v only_o bind_v in_o time_n of_o need_n to_o defend_v the_o castle_n and_o be_v account_v as_o the_o garrison_n thereof_o though_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o governor_n and_o his_o family_n only_o lie_v therein_o and_o the_o townsman_n by_o turn_n have_v the_o ward_n and_o watch_v thereof_o commit_v to_o their_o charge_n and_o trust_v india_n navigation_n of_o india_n their_o navigation_n be_v hence_o into_o india_n but_o once_o a_o year_n which_o be_v in_o the_o month_n of_o april_n and_o continue_v till_o the_o midst_n of_o september_n because_o that_o throughout_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o india_n they_o must_v sail_v with_o monsons_n which_o be_v certain_a current_n constant_a wind_n which_o have_v a_o settle_a course_n of_o blow_v throughout_o the_o year_n whereby_o they_o make_v their_o account_n to_o go_v and_o come_v from_o the_o one_o place_n to_o the_o other_o and_o in_o thirty_o day_n they_o may_v sail_v from_o mosambique_n to_o india_n and_o they_o be_v then_o force_v to_o stay_v in_o india_n till_o the_o month_n of_o august_n when_o as_o then_o the_o wind_n or_o monson_n come_v again_o to_o serve_v they_o for_o mosambique_n and_o this_o coast_n in_o every_o which_o year_n the_o captain_n abovesaid_a have_v ever_o a_o ship_n for_o his_o own_o account_n go_v and_o come_v into_o india_n mosambique_n commodity_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o mosambique_n as_o for_o the_o commodity_n which_o this_o country_n and_o coast_n be_v find_v principal_o to_o afford_v to_o the_o merchant_n for_o transportation_n it_o be_v chief_o gold_n for_o near_a soffalla_n be_v a_o very_a rich_a mine_n and_o within_o the_o land_n the_o famous_a mine_n of_o angela_n the_o rich_a in_o the_o world_n be_v say_v to_o be_v seat_v beside_o the_o rich_a mine_n of_o monomotapa_n where_o in_o a_o river_n run_v thereby_o be_v find_v sand_n of_o gold_n in_o great_a plenty_n which_o be_v account_v the_o fine_a and_o best_a and_o call_v by_o the_o portugal_n bolongorn_v oroâ—mpo_n merchant_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n great_a merchant_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n have_v ever_o a_o
trade_n of_o moment_n here_o the_o trade_n drive_v here_o by_o the_o dutch_a not_o worthy_a consideration_n beside_o which_o this_o town_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o great_a magazine_n of_o all_o persia_n india_n and_o arabia_n commodity_n the_o merchant_n whereof_o come_v hither_o in_o great_a troop_n and_o caravan_n with_o their_o camel_n lade_v with_o the_o rich_a ware_n of_o those_o several_a country_n and_o make_v their_o return_n in_o the_o commodity_n of_o europe_n above_o name_v which_o they_o buy_v and_o barter_n with_o the_o english_a french_a and_o venetian_n which_o here_o have_v their_o residence_n as_o aforesaid_a to_o conclude_v then_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n and_o to_o omit_v nothing_o that_o i_o have_v judge_v proper_a for_o the_o demonstration_n thereof_o i_o will_v insert_v the_o observation_n make_v here_o by_o experience_n in_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o this_o place_n with_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o some_o other_o place_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o levant_n place_n the_o agreement_n of_o the_o cantar_n of_o aleppo_n with_o other_o place_n it_o be_v before_o note_v that_o in_o aleppo_n there_o be_v but_o one_o quintar_n account_v as_o the_o common_a cantar_n of_o the_o place_n by_o which_o all_o commodity_n be_v both_o buy_v and_o sell_v yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v withal_o that_o from_o this_o quintar_n be_v many_o other_o cantars_n derive_v vary_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n practise_v in_o the_o weight_n of_o some_o special_a commodity_n as_o i_o have_v before_o likewise_o note_v now_o this_o cantar_n consist_v of_o 100_o rotolo_n the_o common_a rotolo_n here_o which_o be_v also_o account_v 600_o dram_n though_o as_o i_o have_v there_o observe_v several_a commodity_n be_v weigh_v by_o a_o several_a rotolo_n some_o consist_v of_o 600_o some_o 680_o some_o 700_o and_o some_o 720_o dram_n therefore_o to_o explain_v this_o point_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o common_a cantar_n of_o aleppo_n contain_v 100_o rotolo_n and_o each_o rotolo_n contain_v 600_o dram_n have_v make_v in_o these_o country_n follow_v the_o 100_o rotolo_n of_o 680_o dram_n be_v in_o naples_n 633_o l._n 6_o l._n 8_o ounce_n venetia_n sotile_a 720_o l._n 7_o l._n 2_o ounce_n 2â…”_n saob_n venetia_n gross_a 456_o l._n 4_o l._n 9¾_n ounce_n florence_n 626_o l._n 6_o l._n 3½_n ounce_n genoa_n sotile_a 624_o l._n 6_o l._n 10_o ounce_n sicilia_n 691_o l._n 6_o l._n 10â…”_n ounce_n milan_n 662_o l._n 6_o l._n 7½_n ounce_n place_n the_o agreement_n of_o the_o 100_o pico_n of_o aleppo_n with_o other_o place_n i_o have_v note_v the_o measure_n here_o in_o general_n for_o all_o commodity_n to_o be_v the_o pico_n in_o cloth_n thâ—_n 100_o pico_n have_v be_v find_v thus_o to_o concord_n with_o other_o country_n have_v make_v in_o 100_o pico_n venice_n cloth_n 94_o brace_n venice_n silk_n 100_o brace_n florence_n 107½_n brace_n genoa_n 28_o 1_o â—_o cane_n milan_n 81_o brace_n sicilia_n 31_o cane_n 1_o palm_n and_o thus_o much_o be_v what_o i_o conceive_v needful_a to_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o famous_a city_n of_o aleppo_n chap._n lxiii_o of_o tripoli_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o tripoli_n in_o syria_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o next_o and_o last_o of_o note_n in_o this_o country_n be_v tripoli_n and_o to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o that_o in_o barbary_n common_o call_v in_o syria_n it_o have_v in_o former_a time_n be_v a_o fair_a town_n and_o enjoy_v a_o fair_a and_o common_a harbour_n and_o now_o ruin_v and_o have_v as_o i_o say_v before_o of_o late_a day_n be_v account_v for_o the_o port_n and_o scale_n of_o aleppo_n where_o our_o ship_n ever_o jade_v and_o unlade_v but_o since_o their_o removal_n to_o scanderone_n it_o be_v of_o little_a commerce_n some_o venetian_n be_v here_o find_v to_o reside_v and_o who_o pick_v out_o hence_o some_o small_a trade_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n who_o afford_v they_o silk_n here_o grow_v some_o cotton_n yarn_n and_o cotton_n wool_n some_o drug_n corn_n and_o other_o commodity_n tripoli_n weight_n of_o tripoli_n their_o weight_n agree_v with_o that_o of_o damascus_n which_o be_v rotolo_n 100_o and_o be_v a_o cantar_n damascino_n which_o be_v venetia_n sotile_a 600_o l._n gross_a 380_o l._n which_o this_o way_n shall_v be_v english_a 402_o l._n but_o it_o have_v be_v find_v to_o yield_v 416_o l_o averdupois_n dram_n 52_o be_v a_o ounce_n ounce_n 12_o be_v a_o rotolo_n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v 4_o l._n 2_o ounce_n of_o averdupois_n and_o ounce_n 8_o be_v a_o oak_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v out_o 42¾_n l._n averdupois_n tripoli_n measure_n of_o tripoli_n their_o measure_n be_v a_o pico_n be_v somewhat_o less_o than_o 27_o inch_n english_a tripoli_n coin_n in_o tripoli_n their_o money_n be_v general_o the_o same_o with_o all_o turkey_n but_o thus_o account_v asper_n two_o be_v a_o medin_n asper_n 40_o be_v ¼_n r._n â—_o asper_n 160_o be_v a_o r._n â—_o asper_n 140_o be_v a_o dollar_n lion_n asper_n 240_o be_v a_o sultany_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o tripoli_n in_o syria_n chap._n lxiv_o of_o palestina_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o palestine_n palestine_n the_o next_o country_n in_o order_n be_v palestina_n have_v on_o the_o east_n euphrates_n on_o the_o west_n the_o mediterranean_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n phoenicia_n and_o on_o the_o south_n arabia_n this_o country_n have_v so_o often_o change_v its_o name_n that_o it_o have_v be_v call_v by_o six_o several_a name_n 1._o canaâ—…_n 2._o the_o land_n of_o promise_n 3._o israel_n 4._o judaea_n 5._o palestina_n and_o last_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o noâ—_n divide_v into_o four_o part_n galilea_n judea_n idumea_n and_o samaria_n galilea_n galilea_n in_o galilea_n be_v not_o find_v any_o city_n either_o of_o note_n or_o trade_n though_o in_o time_n past_o it_o be_v famous_a for_o many_o as_o bethsaida_n the_o birth-place_n of_o peter_n andrew_n and_o philip_n and_o nazareth_n second_o to_o none_o where_o the_o virgin_n mary_n be_v salute_v with_o those_o joyful_a tiding_n by_o a_o angel_n jordan_n jordan_n in_o this_o country_n arise_v the_o two_o spring-head_n of_o jordan_n jor_n and_o dan_n of_o which_o two_o that_o unite_a river_n do_v derive_v its_o name_n samaria_n samaria_n neither_o do_v samaria_n now_o afford_v any_o city_n of_o commerce_n though_o many_o notable_a place_n be_v there_o find_v in_o the_o flourish_a day_n of_o the_o israelite_n idumea_n idumea_n idumea_n be_v also_o destitute_a of_o trading_n though_o it_o have_v the_o commodious_a seaport_n joppa_n in_o 〈◊〉_d where_o our_o western_a pilgrim_n be_v see_v to_o land_n and_o foot_n it_o to_o jerusalem_n where_o also_o in_o time_n past_a jonah_n take_v ship_v to_o fly_v to_o tarsus_n and_o where_o peter_n lie_v in_o the_o house_n of_o one_o simon_n 〈◊〉_d tanner_n be_v in_o a_o vision_n teach_v the_o conversion_n of_o the_o gentile_n here_o also_o be_v gasa_n where_o the_o persian_n do_v hoard_v up_o in_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o empire_n the_o custom_n and_o tribute_n of_o their_o westen_n dominion_n take_v what_o i_o find_v in_o trade_n here_o worthy_a observation_n chap._n lxv_o of_o gasa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o gasa_n and_o though_o trade_n thereof_o gasa_n have_v be_v more_o famous_a and_o beautiful_a than_o now_o it_o be_v and_o renown_v through_o europe_n both_o for_o a_o good_a seaport_n and_o a_o good_a defence_n to_o the_o western_a christian_n in_o their_o waâ—…_n here_o against_o the_o saladin_n and_o sultan_n of_o egypt_n and_o for_o a_o good_a seat_n of_o trade_n but_o all_o these_o good_a thing_n be_v too_o good_a for_o those_o nation_n that_o have_v since_o be_v master_n thereof_o for_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o port_n be_v spoil_v by_o rubbish_n the_o goodness_n of_o the_o wall_n ruin_v by_o the_o war_n and_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o scale_n in_o trade_n decay_v by_o the_o neighbour_a town_n situate_v upon_o this_o coast_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o see_v yet_o a_o little_a trade_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o creek_n capable_a to_o receive_v small_a vessel_n wherein_o the_o venetian_n and_o french_a pick_v out_o some_o trade_n with_o their_o ready_a money_n it_o be_v a_o station_n common_a to_o those_o caravan_n that_o by_o land_n travel_n from_o damascus_n aleppo_n or_o constantinople_n to_o cairo_n and_o so_o back_o again_o and_o these_o caravan_n keep_v their_o settle_a time_n of_o progress_n and_o regress_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o some_o traffic_n here_o maintain_v the_o barrenness_n of_o the_o neighbour_a desert_n drive_v some_o hither_o to_o inhabit_v which_o make_v the_o town_n to_o be_v better_o people_v than_o otherwise_o it_o happy_o will_v be_v thereby_o enlarge_n the_o commerce_n
may_v be_v some_o benefit_n to_o a_o merchant_n for_o by_o this_o rule_n the_o great_a loggerhead_n shall_v have_v consequent_o the_o large_a measure_n corn._n of_o corn._n corn_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v a_o loop_n 23_o loop_n make_v a_o last_o in_o amsterdam_n or_o 10_o quarter_n in_o london_n chap._n ccxix_o of_o moscovia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o moscovia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o moscovia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o tartary_n on_o the_o west_n with_o livonia_n lituania_n and_o part_n of_o sweden_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o freeze_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o turk_n and_o palus_n mâ—…otis_n moscovia_n commodity_n of_o moscovia_n this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n fur_n of_o many_o sort_n flax_n hemp_n whales-grease_n honey_n wax_n canvas_n rope_n cable_n caviar_n astrican_a hide_n tallow_n raw-hides_a and_o bulgars_a moscovia_n famous_a river_n of_o moscovia_n the_o many_o river_n that_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o this_o country_n do_v much_o further_a trade_n in_o general_a fâ—st_n tanais_n which_o disburthen_v itself_o into_o palus_n moeotis_n second_o dunia_n which_o enter_v into_o the_o scythian_a sea_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n nicholas_n where_o our_o english_a since_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o northern_a passage_n use_v to_o land_n and_o disperse_v themselves_o into_o all_o part_n of_o this_o vast_a empire_n three_o boristhenes_n that_o enter_v into_o pontus_n euxinus_n four_o onega_n which_o open_v itself_o into_o the_o balâ—…k_n sea_n and_o last_o volga_n which_o with_o no_o less_o than_o 70_o mouth_n disgorge_v itself_o into_o the_o caspian_a this_o empire_n be_v divide_v into_o nine_o principal_a province_n which_o together_o with_o the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o i_o shall_v only_o touch_v novograde_a novograde_a novogradia_n be_v first_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v novograde_a seat_v on_o the_o dunia_n and_o once_o one_o of_o the_o four_o ancient_a mart-town_n of_o europe_n now_o of_o late_a decay_a since_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o new_a passage_n unto_o the_o town_n of_o st._n nicholas_n by_o the_o river_n obye._n plescovia_n plescovia_n plescovia_n be_v the_o second_o wherein_o be_v the_o city_n plescove_n the_o only_o wall_a city_n in_o moscovia_n and_o yet_o of_o no_o great_a eminence_n veladomira_n veladomira_n valadomira_n be_v the_o next_o have_v also_o a_o town_n of_o that_o name_n rhesen_n rhesen_n rhesen_fw-mi be_v the_o four_o wonderful_a plenty_n in_o corn_n that_o neither_o can_v bird_n fly_v nor_o horse_n run_v through_o it_o for_o thickness_n the_o chief_a town_n rhesen_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o russia_n it_o be_v the_o first_o part_n of_o moscovia_n abound_v in_o grain_n honey_n fish_n and_o fowl_n without_o number_n servia_n servia_n servia_n be_v the_o five_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v staradab_n and_o pativola_n permia_n permia_n permia_n be_v the_o six_o the_o chief_a city_n â—s_v sickwiardley_n abound_v in_o stag_n candora_n candora_n candora_n be_v the_o seven_o petrosa_fw-la petrosa_fw-la petrosa_fw-mi be_v the_o eight_o in_o both_o these_o country_n the_o inhabitant_n do_v live_v under_o ground_n and_o have_v for_o half_a the_o year_n together_o perpetual_a day_n and_o the_o other_o half_a perpetual_a night_n as_o situate_v beyond_o the_o arctic_a moscovia_n moscovia_n moscovia_n be_v the_o nine_o moscow_n moscow_n and_o so_o name_v of_o the_o principal_a city_n moscow_n be_v about_o five_o mile_n round_o have_v therein_o 16_o church_n of_o which_o the_o one_o half_a be_v make_v of_o wood_n and_o dirt_n as_o most_o of_o the_o house_n be_v the_o emperor_n palace_n stand_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o be_v fortify_v with_o 3_o bulwark_n and_o 17_o turret_n continual_o guard_v with_o 25000_o soldier_n this_o be_v the_o most_o populous_a province_n of_o all_o this_o great_a empire_n for_o it_o extend_v 2000_o mile_n in_o length_n smalensko_n smalensko_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v yet_o some_o petty_a province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o town_n of_o smalensko_n than_o toropier_n next_o colopigrod_n landiskron_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n which_o i_o willing_o omit_v till_o my_o observation_n be_v better_a the_o trade_n of_o the_o english_a be_v begin_v here_o in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n of_o england_n and_o basiliades_n king_n of_o this_o country_n about_o the_o year_n 1575._o and_o within_o 10_o year_n after_o it_o be_v perfect_o settle_v and_o because_o the_o trade_n of_o moscovia_n be_v confine_v to_o a_o small_a circuit_n in_o these_o vast_a dominion_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a that_o i_o comprehend_v the_o same_o under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o kingdom_n moscow_n chap._n ccxx_o of_o moscow_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o moscow_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o mosco_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o all_o this_o large_a kingdom_n to_o which_o the_o emperor_n some_o year_n pass_v repair_v most_o fit_a for_o the_o government_n of_o so_o large_a a_o empire_n as_o account_v the_o midst_n of_o all_o his_o dominion_n it_o be_v pleasant_o seat_v on_o the_o river_n mosca_n run_v into_o tanais_n where_o it_o lose_v its_o name_n and_o pass_v assaw_n disgorge_v into_o the_o palus_n meotis_n and_o so_o into_o the_o euxinus_n about_o fifty_o year_n past_o it_o be_v esteem_v ten_o mile_n in_o circuit_n and_o in_o its_o height_n of_o greatness_n then_o burn_v by_o the_o tartar_n wherein_o 80000_o person_n be_v consume_v and_o since_o reduce_v to_o five_o mile_n compass_n beautify_v with_o 16_o church_n some_o of_o stone_n some_o of_o timber_n and_o earth_n and_o with_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n situate_a in_o the_o very_a heart_n thereof_o enrich_v with_o the_o branch_n of_o two_o river_n for_o use_n and_o ornament_n which_o water_n two_o strong_a fort_n that_o defend_v the_o place_n nicholas_n st._n nicholas_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n nicholas_n the_o patron_n of_o this_o country_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o dunia_n or_o obby_n the_o english_a merchant_n use_v to_o land_n and_o thence_o disperse_v themselves_o to_o smalensko_n novograde_a hither_o and_o into_o all_o other_o part_n of_o this_o vast_a empire_n among_o who_o they_o find_v kind_a entertainment_n and_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o prince_n have_v large_a immunity_n grant_v unto_o they_o than_o to_o any_o other_o nation_n their_o traffic_v attribute_v to_o the_o never_o die_a fame_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n in_o who_o day_n the_o trade_n be_v here_o first_o settle_v and_o to_o the_o plausible_a behaviour_n of_o the_o english_a merchant_n in_o general_n moscovia_n account_n in_o moscovia_n the_o merchant_n here_o be_v observe_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o several_a manner_n some_o as_o the_o english_a by_o rubble_n and_o penny_n or_o as_o the_o inhabitant_n term_v they_o muskofkin_n 200_o whereof_o make_v a_o rubble_n which_o be_v account_v two_o rix_n dollar_n some_o again_o as_o the_o dutch_a and_o other_o nation_n by_o rubble_n grevens_n and_o muskofkin_n or_o penny_n account_v 20_o penny_n to_o a_o greven_n and_o 10_o greven_n to_o a_o rubble_n which_o be_v most_o in_o use_n here_o this_o rubble_n be_v find_v a_o imaginary_a coin_n and_o not_o real_a moscovia_n coin_n current_a in_o moscovia_n the_o current_a money_n here_o be_v a_o capeck_n in_o value_n a_o stiver_n flemish_n and_o somewhat_o more_o than_o as_o english_a penny_n for_o 10_o capeck_n be_v a_o greven_n which_o the_o english_a call_v 12_o penny_n sterling_a because_o that_o 10_o grevens_n be_v a_o rubble_n which_o be_v 10_o shilling_n sterling_a three_o capeck_n they_o call_v a_o altine_n by_o which_o name_n all_o receipt_n and_o payment_n be_v make_v in_o bargain_v and_o contract_n 33_o altius_fw-la and_o 1_o capeck_n make_v a_o rubble_n archangel_n exchange_n of_o archangel_n at_o archangel_n be_v sound_v practise_v among_o the_o merchant_n a_o exchange_n for_o money_n rise_v and_o fall_v according_a as_o the_o russ_n money_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v plentiful_a or_o scarce_o the_o english_a sometime_o among_o themselves_o give_v 11_o shilling_n and_o 11_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n sterling_a in_o england_n for_o the_o rubble_n here_o and_o the_o money_n common_o take_v there_o in_o august_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o london_n the_o last_o of_o december_n follow_v moscovia_n weight_n of_o moscovia_n the_o weight_n of_o moscovia_n common_a in_o use_n be_v the_o pood_n for_o fine_a good_n and_o the_o bercovet_n for_o gross_a good_n the_o one_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o other_o by_o the_o pood_n be_v weigh_v silk_n bever-wooll_n yeft_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v account_v for_o 40_o l._n russ_n weight_n and_o 3_o pood_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v 112_o l._n english_a which_o by_o this_o computation_n shall_v make_v 37â…“_n l._n averdupois_n and_o all_o good_n there_o buy_v by_o the_o pood_n be_v 10_o per_fw-la cent_n loss_n in_o england_n by_o the_o bercovet_n be_v weigh_v
trade_n vacation_n as_o it_o be_v very_o commendable_a to_o know_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o other_o in_o their_o place_n so_o it_o be_v a_o great_a shame_n to_o be_v ignorant_a in_o the_o duty_n of_o our_o own_o vacation_n the_o love_n and_o service_n of_o our_o country_n consist_v not_o so_o much_o in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o those_o duty_n which_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o other_o as_o in_o the_o skilful_a practice_n of_o that_o which_o be_v do_v by_o ourselves_o and_o therefore_o my_o son_n it_o be_v now_o fit_a that_o i_o say_v something_o of_o the_o merchant_n which_o i_o hope_v in_o due_a time_n shall_v be_v thy_o vocation_n yet_o herein_o be_v my_o thought_n free_a from_o all_o ambition_n although_o i_o rank_v thou_o in_o a_o place_n of_o so_o high_a estimation_n for_o the_o merchant_n be_v worthy_o call_v the_o steward_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v stock_n by_o way_n of_o commerce_n with_o other_o nation_n a_o work_n of_o no_o less_o reputation_n than_o trust_v which_o ought_v to_o be_v perform_v with_o great_a skill_n and_o conscience_n that_o so_o the_o private_a gain_n may_v ever_o accompany_v the_o public_a good_n and_o because_o the_o nobleness_n of_o this_o profession_n may_v the_o better_o stir_v up_o thy_o desire_n and_o endeavour_n to_o obtain_v those_o ability_n which_o may_v effect_v it_o worthy_o i_o will_v brief_o set_v down_o the_o excellent_a quality_n which_o be_v require_v in_o a_o perfect_a merchant_n 1._o he_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o good_a penman_n a_o good_a arithmetician_n and_o a_o good_a accountant_a by_o that_o noble_a order_n of_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n which_o be_v use_v only_o among_o merchant_n also_o to_o be_v expert_a in_o the_o order_n and_o form_n of_o charter-party_n bill_n of_o lade_n invoice_n contract_n bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o policy_n of_o insurance_n 2._o he_o ought_v to_o know_v the_o measure_n weight_n and_o money_n of_o all_o foreign_a country_n especial_o where_o we_o have_v trade_n and_o the_o money_n not_o only_o by_o their_o several_a denomination_n but_o also_o by_o their_o intrinsic_a value_v in_o weight_n and_o fineness_n compare_v with_o the_o standard_n of_o this_o kingdom_n without_o which_o he_o can_v well_o direct_v his_o affair_n 3._o he_o ought_v to_o know_v the_o custom_n toll_n tax_n imposition_n conduct_n and_o other_o charge_n upon_o all_o manner_n of_o merchandise_n export_v or_o import_v to_o and_o from_o the_o say_v foreign_a country_n 4._o he_o ought_v to_o know_v in_o what_o several_a commodity_n each_o country_n abound_v and_o what_o be_v the_o ware_n which_o they_o want_v and_o how_o and_o from_o whence_o they_o be_v furnish_v with_o the_o same_o 5._o he_o ought_v to_o understand_v and_o to_o be_v a_o diligent_a observer_n of_o the_o rate_n of_o exchange_n by_o bill_n from_o one_o state_n to_o another_o whereby_o he_o may_v the_o better_o direct_v his_o affair_n and_o remit_v over_o and_o receive_v home_o his_o money_n to_o the_o most_o advantage_n possible_a 6._o he_o ought_v to_o know_v what_o good_n be_v prohibit_v to_o be_v export_v or_o import_v in_o the_o say_v foreign_a country_n lest_o otherwise_o he_o shall_v incur_v great_a danger_n and_o loss_n in_o the_o order_n of_o his_o affair_n 7._o he_o ought_v to_o know_v upon_o what_o rate_n and_o condition_n to_o freight_n his_o ship_n and_o ensure_v his_o adventure_n from_o one_o country_n to_o another_o and_o to_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o law_n order_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o insurance-office_n both_o here_o and_o beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o many_o accident_n which_o may_v happen_v upon_o the_o damage_n or_o loss_n of_o ship_n or_o good_n or_o both_o 8._o he_o ought_v to_o have_v knowledge_n in_o the_o goodness_n and_o in_o the_o price_n of_o all_o the_o several_a material_n which_o be_v require_v for_o the_o building_n and_o repair_v of_o ship_n and_o the_o divers_a workmanship_n of_o the_o same_o as_o also_o for_o the_o mast_n tackle_n cordageâ—_n ordnance_n victual_n munition_n and_o provision_n of_o many_o kind_n together_o with_o the_o ordinary_a wage_n of_o commander_n officer_n and_o mariner_n all_o which_o concern_v the_o merchant_n as_o he_o be_v a_o owner_n of_o ship_n 9_o he_o ought_v by_o the_o divers_a occasion_n which_o happen_v sometime_o in_o the_o buy_v and_o sell_v of_o one_o commodity_n and_o sometime_o in_o another_o to_o have_v indifferent_a if_o not_o perfect_a knowledge_n in_o all_o manner_n of_o erchandze_n or_o ware_n which_o be_v to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o man_n of_o all_o occupation_n and_o trade_n 10._o he_o ought_v by_o his_o voyage_n on_o the_o sea_n to_o become_v skilful_a in_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n 11._o he_o ought_v as_o he_o be_v a_o traveller_n and_o sometime_o abide_v in_o foreign_a country_n to_o attain_v to_o the_o speak_n of_o divers_a language_n and_o to_o be_v a_o diligent_a observer_n of_o the_o ordinary_a revenue_n and_o expense_n of_o foreign_a prince_n together_o with_o their_o strength_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n their_o law_n custom_n policy_n manner_n religion_n art_n and_o the_o like_a to_o be_v able_a to_o give_v account_n thereof_o in_o all_o occasion_n for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o country_n 12._o last_o although_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n that_o such_o a_o merchant_n shall_v be_v a_o great_a scholar_n yet_o be_v it_o at_o least_o require_v that_o in_o his_o youth_n he_o learn_v the_o latin_a tongue_n which_o will_v the_o better_o enable_v he_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o endeavour_n thus_o have_v i_o briefl_o show_v thou_o a_o pattern_n for_o thy_o diligence_n the_o merchant_n in_o his_o quality_n which_o in_o truth_n be_v such_o and_o so_o many_o that_o i_o find_v no_o other_o profession_n which_o lead_v into_o more_o worldly_a knowledge_n and_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o their_o sufficiency_n do_v appear_v likewise_o in_o the_o excellent_a government_n of_o state_n at_o venice_n luca_n genova_n florence_n the_o low-countries_n and_o divers_a other_o place_n of_o christendom_n and_o in_o those_o state_n also_o where_o they_o be_v least_o esteem_v yet_o be_v there_o skill_n and_o knowledge_n often_o use_v by_o those_o who_o sit_v in_o the_o high_a place_n of_o authority_n it_o be_v therefore_o a_o act_n beyond_o rashness_n in_o some_o who_o disenable_a their_o counsel_n and_o judgement_n even_o in_o book_n print_v make_v they_o uncapable_a of_o those_o way_n and_o mean_n which_o do_v either_o enrich_v or_o empoverish_v a_o common_a wealth_n when_o in_o truth_n this_o be_v only_o effect_v by_o the_o mystery_n of_o their_o trade_n as_o i_o shall_v plain_o show_v in_o that_o which_o follow_v it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o many_o merchant_n here_o in_o england_n find_v less_o encouragement_n give_v to_o their_o profession_n than_o in_o other_o country_n and_o see_v themselves_o not_o so_o well_o esteem_v as_o their_o noble_a vocation_n require_v and_o according_a to_o the_o great_a consequence_n of_o the_o same_o do_v not_o therefore_o labour_v to_o attain_v unto_o the_o excellency_n of_o their_o profession_n neither_o be_v it_o practise_v by_o the_o nobility_n of_o this_o kingdom_n as_o it_o be_v in_o other_o state_n from_o the_o father_n to_o the_o son_n throughout_o their_o generation_n to_o their_o great_a increase_n of_o their_o wealth_n and_o maintenance_n of_o their_o name_n and_o family_n virtue_n there_o be_v more_o honour_n and_o profit_n in_o a_o industrious_a life_n than_o in_o a_o great_a inheritance_n which_o waste_v for_o want_v of_o virtue_n whereas_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o rich_a merchant_n be_v sudden_o extinguish_v the_o son_n be_v leave_v rich_a scorn_v the_o profession_n of_o his_o father_n conceive_v more_o honour_n to_o be_v a_o gentleman_n although_o but_o in_o name_n to_o consume_v his_o estate_n in_o dark_a ignorance_n and_o excess_n than_o to_o follow_v the_o step_v of_o his_o father_n as_o a_o industrious_a merchant_n to_o maintain_v and_o advance_v his_o fortune_n but_o now_o leave_v the_o merchant_n praise_n we_o will_v come_v to_o his_o practice_n or_o at_o least_o to_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o concern_v the_o bring_n of_o treasure_n into_o the_o kingdom_n chap._n ii_o the_o mean_n to_o enrich_v this_o kingdom_n and_o to_o increase_v our_o treasure_n although_o a_o kingdom_n may_v be_v enrich_v by_o gift_n receive_v or_o by_o purchase_n take_v from_o some_o other_o nation_n yet_o these_o be_v thing_n uncertain_a and_o of_o small_a consideration_n when_o they_o happen_v treasure_n foreign_a trade_n be_v the_o rule_n of_o our_o treasure_n the_o ordinary_a mean_n therefore_o to_o increase_v our_o wealth_n and_o treasure_n be_v by_o foreign_a trade_n wherein_o we_o must_v ever_o observe_v this_o rule_n to_o sell_v more_o to_o stranger_n yearly_a than_o we_o consume_v of_o they_o in_o value_n for_o suppose_v that_o when_o this_o kingdom_n be_v plentiful_o
estate_n they_o seem_v not_o the_o same_o people_n spaniard_n those_o prince_n which_o willing_o support_v the_o dutch_a will_v as_o resolute_o resist_v the_o spaniard_n for_o who_o know_v not_o that_o the_o condition_n of_o those_o province_n be_v mean_a and_o turbulent_a under_o the_o spaniard_n government_n which_o bring_v rather_o a_o great_a charge_n than_o a_o further_a strength_n to_o to_o their_o ambition_n neither_o will_v it_o prove_v over_o difficult_a for_o the_o neighbour_n prince_n in_o short_a time_n to_o reduce_v those_o country_n to_o their_o former_a estate_n again_o if_o their_o own_o safety_n do_v require_v the_o same_o as_o certain_o it_o will_v if_o the_o spaniard_n be_v sole_a lord_n of_o those_o netherlands_o but_o our_o discourse_n tend_v not_o to_o show_v the_o mean_n of_o those_o mutation_n otherwise_o than_o to_o find_v out_o the_o chief_a foundation_n of_o the_o hollander_n wealth_n and_o greatness_n for_o it_o seem_v a_o wonder_n to_o the_o world_n that_o such_o a_o small_a country_n not_o full_o so_o big_a as_o two_o of_o our_o big_a shire_n have_v little_a natural_a wealth_n victual_n timber_n or_o other_o necessary_a ammunition_n either_o for_o war_n or_o peace_n shall_v notwithstanding_o possess_v they_o all_o in_o such_o extraordinary_a plenty_n that_o beside_o their_o own_o want_n which_o be_v very_o great_a they_o can_v and_o do_v likewise_o serve_v and_o sell_v to_o other_o prince_n ship_n ordnance_n cordage_n corn_n powder_n shot_n and_o what_o not_o which_o by_o their_o industrious_a trade_n they_o gather_v from_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n honesty_n much_o policy_n but_o little_a honesty_n in_o which_o course_n they_o be_v not_o less_o injurious_a to_o supplant_v other_o especial_o the_o english_a than_o they_o be_v careful_a to_o strengthen_v themselves_o and_o to_o effect_v this_o and_o more_o than_o have_v be_v say_v which_o be_v their_o war_n with_o spain_n they_o have_v little_a foundation_n beside_o the_o fish_n which_o be_v permit_v they_o in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n be_v indeed_o the_o mean_n of_o a_o incredible_a wealth_n and_o strength_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n as_o robert_n hichcock_n tobias_n gentleman_n and_o other_o have_v publish_v at_o large_a in_o print_n to_o they_o that_o listen_v to_o read_v and_o the_o states-general_n themselves_o in_o their_o proclamation_n have_v ingenious_o set_v out_o the_o worth_a thereof_o in_o these_o word_n follow_v 1624._o part_v of_o the_o state_n proclamation_n date_v in_o the_o hague_n 19_o july_n 1624._o the_o great_a fish_n and_o catch_v of_o herring_n be_v the_o chief_a trade_n and_o principal_a gold_n mine_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n whereby_o many_o thousand_o of_o household_n family_n handicraft_n trade_n and_o occupation_n be_v set_v on_o work_n well_o maintain_v and_o prosper_v especial_o the_o sail_v and_o navigation_n as_o well_o within_o as_o without_o these_o country_n be_v keep_v in_o great_a estimation_n moreover_o many_o return_n of_o money_n with_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o mean_n convoy_n custom_n and_o revenue_n of_o these_o country_n be_v augment_v thereby_o and_o prosper_v with_o other_o word_n follow_v as_o be_v at_o large_a express_v in_o the_o say_a proclamation_n set_v forth_o by_o the_o states-general_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o say_a trade_n of_o fish_v without_o which_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o they_o can_v long_o subsist_v in_o sovereignty_n for_o if_o this_o foundation_n perish_v the_o whole_a building_n of_o their_o wealth_n and_o strength_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n must_v fall_v for_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o ship_n will_v sudden_o decay_v their_o revenue_n and_o custom_n will_v become_v small_a their_o country_n will_v be_v depopulate_v for_o want_v of_o maintenance_n whereby_o the_o excise_n must_v fail_v and_o all_o their_o other_o trade_n to_o the_o east-indies_n or_o elsewhere_o must_v faint_v so_o that_o the_o glory_n and_o power_n of_o these_o netherlands_o consist_v in_o this_o fish_v of_o herring_n ling_n and_o cod_n in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n it_o rest_v therefore_o to_o know_v what_o right_o or_o title_n they_o have_v thereunto_o and_o how_o they_o be_v able_a to_o possess_v and_o keep_v the_o same_o against_o all_o other_o nation_n the_o answer_n to_o these_o two_o question_n be_v not_o difficult_a for_o first_o it_o be_v not_o the_o netherlandish_a author_n of_o mare_fw-la liberum_fw-la that_o can_v entitle_v they_o to_o fish_n in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n for_o beside_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o example_n of_o other_o country_n which_o may_v be_v allege_v i_o will_v only_o say_v that_o such_o title_n will_v be_v soon_o decide_v by_o sword_n than_o with_o word_n i_o do_v believe_v indeed_o that_o it_o be_v free_a for_o the_o fish_n to_o come_v thither_o at_o their_o pleasure_n but_o for_o the_o dutch_a to_o carry_v and_o carry_v they_o away_o from_o thence_o without_o his_o majesty_n licence_n i_o harbour_v no_o such_o thought_n there_o may_v be_v good_a policy_n to_o connive_v still_o and_o so_o long_o to_o permit_v they_o this_o fish_n as_o they_o be_v in_o perfect_a league_n with_o england_n and_o in_o war_n with_o spain_n but_o if_o the_o spaniard_n be_v master_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n as_o heretofore_o it_o will_v near_o concern_v these_o kingdom_n to_o claim_v their_o own_o right_n and_o careful_o to_o make_v as_o good_a use_n thereof_o for_o increase_v of_o their_o wealth_n and_o strength_n to_o oppose_v that_o potent_a enemy_n as_o now_o the_o netherlander_n do_v and_o be_v well_o enable_v for_o the_o same_o purpose_n by_o which_o particular_a alone_o they_o be_v ever_o bind_v to_o acknowledge_v their_o strong_a alliance_n with_o england_n above_o all_o other_o nation_n for_o there_o be_v none_o that_o have_v the_o like_a good_a mean_n to_o lend_v they_o such_o a_o powerful_a maintenance_n compare_v fish_v and_o money_n compare_v nor_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o the_o spaniard_n if_o he_o have_v those_o country_n again_o to_o make_v a_o new_a foundation_n with_o the_o power_n of_o his_o money_n to_o increase_v his_o strength_n either_o by_o sea_n or_o land_n to_o offend_v these_o kingdom_n more_o than_o he_o be_v now_o able_a to_o perform_v with_o the_o conveniency_n of_o those_o province_n which_o he_o have_v already_o in_o his_o possession_n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o place_n but_o the_o employment_n not_o the_o barren_a netherlands_o but_o the_o rich_a fish_n which_o give_v foundation_n trade_n and_o subsistence_n to_o those_o multitude_n of_o ship_n art_n and_o people_n whereby_o also_o the_o excise_n and_o other_o public_a revenue_n be_v continue_v and_o without_o which_o employment_n all_o the_o say_v great_a dependence_n must_v necessary_o disbandon_v and_o fail_v in_o very_o short_a time_n for_o although_o i_o confess_v that_o store_n of_o money_n may_v bring_v they_o material_n which_o they_o altogether_o want_v and_o arts-man_n to_o build_v they_o ship_n yet_o where_o be_v the_o ware_n to_o freight_n and_o maintain_v they_o if_o money_n than_o shall_v be_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o send_v they_o out_o in_o trade_n what_o a_o poor_a number_n of_o ship_n will_v this_o employ_v or_o if_o the_o uncertain_a occasion_n of_o war_n must_v support_v they_o will_v not_o this_o require_v another_o indies_n and_o all_o too_o little_a to_o maintain_v the_o ten_o part_n of_o so_o many_o ship_n and_o man_n as_o the_o hollander_n do_v now_o set_v on_o work_n by_o the_o fish_n and_o other_o trade_n thereon_o depend_v but_o if_o it_o be_v yet_o say_v that_o the_o spaniard_n be_v lord_n of_o all_o those_o netherlands_o his_o expense_n of_o the_o present_a war_n there_o will_v cease_v and_o so_o this_o power_n may_v be_v turn_v upon_o we_o the_o answer_n be_v that_o when_o prince_n send_v great_a force_n abroad_o to_o invade_v other_o they_o must_v likewise_o increase_v their_o charge_n and_o strength_n at_o home_n to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o also_o we_o must_v consider_v that_o if_o the_o spaniard_n will_v attempt_v any_o thing_n upon_o these_o kingdom_n he_o must_v consume_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o treasure_n in_o ship_n whereby_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o invade_a power_n of_o money_n and_o man_n to_o land_n will_v be_v much_o less_o than_o now_o it_o be_v in_o the_o low-countries_n nor_o shall_v we_o regard_v they_o but_o be_v ever_o ready_a to_o beard_v they_o when_o our_o wealth_n and_o strength_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n may_v be_v so_o much_o increase_v by_o the_o possession_n and_o practice_n of_o our_o fish_n of_o which_o particular_a i_o will_v yet_o say_v something_o more_o where_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v in_o that_o which_o follow_v and_o here_o in_o this_o place_n i_o will_v only_o add_v that_o if_o the_o spaniard_n be_v sole_a lord_n of_o all_o the_o netherlands_o he_o must_v then_o necessary_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n by_o sea_n to_o supply_v the_o
of_o traffic_n stand_v in_o his_o road_n the_o limit_n and_o bound_n of_o kingdom_n the_o disposition_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o alteration_n of_o the_o climate_n the_o law_n of_o those_o several_a region_n the_o commodity_n that_o those_o country_n do_v afford_v for_o merchandize_v the_o plenty_n and_o scarcity_n thereof_o and_o last_o how_o they_o be_v supply_v with_o foreign_a ware_n and_o merchandize_n either_o by_o land_n sea_n or_o navigable_a river_n and_o all_o these_o beside_o many_o other_o needful_a lesson_n may_v be_v hence_o learned_a and_o observe_v which_o lay_v up_o in_o memory_n both_o in_o the_o course_n of_o his_o life_n and_o traffic_n may_v in_o aftertime_n much_o profit_n and_o advantage_v he_o the_o benefit_n reap_v thereby_o be_v thus_o brief_o express_v the_o thing_n itself_o challenge_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o be_v handle_v which_o according_a to_o my_o skill_n and_o insight_n i_o shall_v succinct_o touch_v so_o far_o as_o be_v needful_a to_o my_o present_a purpose_n demonstrate_v geography_n demonstrate_v geography_n in_o brief_a then_o be_v a_o art_n that_o do_v demonstrate_v by_o rule_n in_o a_o flat_a level_a or_o plano_n the_o whole_a sea_n and_o earth_n and_o the_o division_n thereof_o set_v down_o by_o a_o certain_a method_n the_o limit_n and_o extent_n of_o countrïe_n province_n and_o dominion_n of_o prince_n the_o situation_n of_o city_n town_n hill_n rivers_n wood_n etc._n etc._n the_o bound_n of_o sea_n cape_n island_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o be_v perform_v and_o express_v by_o apt_a line_n number_n and_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o last_o it_o give_v rule_n to_o know_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o say_a place_n either_o in_o league_n or_o mile_n from_o one_o country_n city_n or_o place_n to_o another_o all_o which_o be_v also_o necessary_a to_o be_v know_v by_o the_o merehant_n i_o will_v in_o few_o word_n declare_v the_o same_o card_n map_n and_o card_n first_o then_o to_o make_v the_o same_o more_o evident_a the_o ground_n of_o this_o art_n be_v ordinary_o demonstrate_v and_o best_o express_v in_o map_n and_o card_n which_o do_v comprise_v both_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n of_o which_o make_v one_o entire_a body_n the_o cosmographer_n do_v environ_v with_o five_o circle_n the_o first_o be_v the_o equinoctial_a than_o the_o two_o tropic_n and_o last_o the_o two_o polar_a circle_n thereby_o divide_v the_o whole_a which_o now_o we_o call_v the_o world_n into_o five_o zone_n two_o whereof_o be_v find_v to_o be_v cold_a two_o temperate_a and_o one_o extreme_a hot_a all_o which_o in_o these_o our_o day_n be_v find_v to_o be_v habitable_a contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o ancient_a cosmographer_n of_o which_o circle_n and_o their_o particular_a part_n division_n demonstration_n and_o description_n it_o will_v not_o be_v unproper_a i_o shall_v brief_o handle_v as_o a_o entrance_n into_o this_o work_n and_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o what_o be_v to_o follow_v 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english_a so_o that_o their_o 84_o l_o make_v 100_o l._n sutle_n and_o 94_o l._n or_o rotolos_n be_v 112_o l._n english_a according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o valentia_n in_o spain_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v conceive_v they_o have_v draw_v this_o original_n of_o weight_n they_o be_v observe_v to_o have_v two_o several_a weight_n the_o proportion_n be_v 10_o l._n of_o the_o small_a make_n 6_o l._n of_o the_o gross_a but_o here_o sundry_a commodity_n be_v find_v to_o be_v weigh_v by_o sundry_a cantars_n as_o iron_n lead_v yarn_n and_o all_o wool_n be_v weigh_v by_o a_o cantar_n of_o 150_o rotolos_n of_o the_o rotolos_n above_o specify_v raisin_n fig_n butter_n honey_n date_n oil_n soap_n by_o the_o cantar_n of_o 166_o rotolos_n abovesaid_a almond_n cheese_n cotton_n by_o the_o cantar_n of_o 110_o rotolos_n brass_n copper_n wax_n and_o all_o drug_n by_o the_o cantar_n of_o 100_o rotolos_n and_o flax_n be_v weigh_v by_o the_o cantar_n to_o contain_v 200_o rotolos_n gold_n silver_n pearl_n and_o gem_n be_v weigh_v by_o the_o mitigal_a which_o be_v worth_a there_o 9_o double_a and_o be_v 72_o gr_n english_a and_o the_o soltany_n chequeen_n or_o hunger_n weigh_v 52_o gr_n english_a be_v account_v equal_a to_o angel_n gold_n and_o worth_a in_o england_n circa_fw-la 3_o l._n 11_o s._n per_fw-la ounce_n troy_n weight_n or_o thereabouts_o length_n measure_n of_o length_n they_o use_v in_o argier_n two_o picos_fw-la or_o measure_n the_o turkish_a and_o morisco_n the_o morisco_n pic_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o country_n and_o be_v ¾_n of_o the_o turkish_a by_o which_o be_v sell_v all_o linen_n only_o the_o turkish_a pico_fw-la be_v divide_v into_o 16_o part_n and_o every_o ⅜_n part_n be_v call_v a_o robo_fw-la and_o be_v 〈◊〉_d part_n of_o a_o english-yard_n which_o with_o the_o allowance_n of_o a_o inch_n according_a to_o our_o custom_n in_o england_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v 1½_n picos_fw-la turkisco_fw-la and_o by_o which_o all_o silk_n stuff_v and_o woollen_n be_v sell_v in_o this_o place_n measure_n dry_a measure_n their_o dry_a measure_n be_v call_v a_o tarry_v which_o heap_v up_o as_o they_o use_v it_o be_v 5_o gallon_n english_a and_o so_o have_v it_o be_v find_v to_o produce_v in_o corn_n salt_n and_o some_o such_o commodity_n argier_n account_n in_o argier_n they_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o double_n and_o ossian_n and_o some_o in_o soltany_n and_o asper_n the_o coin_n of_o barbary_n 4_o double_n make_v a_o ossian_n and_o 50_o asper_n make_v a_o double_a argier_n custom_n of_o argier_n their_o custom_n be_v here_o 10_o per_fw-la cent_n as_o in_o tunis_n and_o pay_v upon_o the_o commodity_n according_a to_o the_o value_n sell_v and_o permission_n give_v to_o land_n and_o if_o not_o sell_v to_o be_v ship_v again_o free_a of_o all_o duty_n as_o i_o say_v before_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tunis_n argier_n clear_v of_o a_o ship_n in_o argier_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v a_o ship_n enter_v here_o and_o anchor_a must_v either_o land_n her_o sail_n or_o her_o rudder_n for_o prevention_n of_o run_v away_o without_o licence_n which_o must_v be_v obtain_v in_o duano_n which_o be_v the_o common_a assembly_n of_o the_o bashaw_n who_o be_v commander_n for_o the_o grand_a signior_n and_o of_o the_o principal_a moor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o city_n and_o then_o pay_v these_o duty_n with_o licence_n she_o be_v dismiss_v viz._n to_o the_o kaiffa_n 28_o double_n to_o the_o almain_n 31_o double_n to_o the_o captain_n anchorage_n 15_o double_n to_o the_o bashaw_n 8_o double_n to_o his_o chiouse_a 4_o double_v to_o his_o almin_n 8_o double_n to_o his_o chouse_n 4_o double_n to_o the_o bashaw_n sorman_n 2_o double_n to_o the_o druggerman_n 8_o double_n to_o the_o sackagie_n 8_o double_n to_o the_o consul_n duty_n 42_o double_n which_o in_o all_o make_v 162_o double_n and_o so_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o argier_n now_o i_o sail_v along_o the_o coast_n and_o observe_v some_o maritime_a town_n of_o note_n there_o seat_v chap._n xvii_o of_o oran_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o oran_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o oran_n be_v seat_v upon_o this_o shore_n also_o and_o of_o late_a in_o possession_n of_o the_o spaniard_n who_o immunity_n to_o such_o as_o come_v hither_o to_o reside_v have_v make_v the_o place_n note_v for_o some_o traffic_n especial_o for_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o country_n which_o hence_o be_v transport_v into_o spain_n and_o portugal_n such_o as_o be_v horse_n wax_n and_o some_o year_n corn_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n as_o i_o have_v note_v before_o oran_n coin_n of_o oran_n the_o coin_n current_a of_o barbary_n and_o which_o pass_v current_o here_o be_v those_o indifferent_o name_v before_o and_o the_o coin_n of_o the_o opposite_a shore_n of_o spain_n oran_n the_o weight_n in_o use_n in_o oran_n it_o be_v find_v they_o have_v here_o four_o several_a weight_n first_o a_o quintar_n of_o 5_o rove_n of_o 20_o l._n to_o a_o rove_v which_o be_v 100_o l._n or_o rotolos_fw-la second_o a_o quintar_n of_o spice_n of_o 4_o rove_n of_o 25_o l._n per_fw-la rove_v which_o be_v 100_o rotolos_fw-la three_o a_o quintar_n for_o corn_n every_o quintar_n be_v only_o 6_o rotolos_fw-la and_o last_o a_o quintar_n for_o cotton-wool_n every_o quintar_n be_v 15_o rotolos_fw-la the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n make_v in_o the_o first_o 90_o rotolos_fw-la in_o the_o second_o 133_o rotolos_fw-la in_o the_o three_o for_o corn_n 48_o rotolos_fw-la and_o in_o the_o last_o 58⅜_n rotolos_fw-la oran_n measure_n of_o oran_n the_o measure_n of_o oran_n be_v find_v to_o be_v principal_o two_o the_o one_o be_v the_o pico_fw-la morisco_n the_o proper_a measure_n of_o the_o country_n agree_v with_o the_o measure_n of_o argier_n before_o mention_v and_o the_o other_o the_o vare_fw-la of_o spain_n here_o use_v in_o cloth_n silk_n and_o such_o like_a by_o the_o spaniard_n chap._n xviii_o of_o una_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o una_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o una_n be_v also_o seat_v upon_o this_o coast_n and_o depend_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o matter_n of_o trade_n upon_o the_o inland_n inhabitant_n afford_v for_o transportation_n the_o common_a commodity_n of_o barbary_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o situation_n little_o know_v to_o our_o nation_n therefore_o i_o shall_v the_o more_o brief_o pass_v over_o the_o same_o una_n coin_n of_o una_n the_o coin_n before_o mention_v be_v here_o current_a only_o with_o little_a alteration_n as_o also_o the_o same_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o bona_n ancient_o hippona_n the_o seat_n of_o st._n augustine_n that_o learned_a father_n in_o colam_z tabaracha_n bugia_n constantine_n and_o other_o town_n of_o trade_n upon_o this_o coast_n therefore_o i_o will_v omit_v the_o repetition_n thereof_o have_v all_o a_o reference_n in_o trade_n one_o to_o the_o other_o una_n weight_n of_o una_n but_o in_o weight_n they_o much_o differ_v for_o here_o be_v find_v in_o use_n three_o several_a quintal_n compose_v of_o one_o l._n or_o rotolo_n one_o for_o cotton-wool_n another_o for_o spice_n and_o the_o three_o for_o corn_n thus_o agree_v with_o london_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n make_v 63_o rotolos_n for_o weight_n of_o wool_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n make_v 72_o rotolos_n for_o weight_n of_o spice_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n make_v 91_o rotolos_n in_o the_o weight_n of_o corn._n all_o which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v by_o he_o that_o trade_n into_o this_o port_n in_o the_o sale_n of_o these_o and_o the_o like_a commodity_n una_n measure_n of_o una_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v here_o the_o pico_fw-la morisco_n which_o general_o be_v use_v in_o all_o commodity_n and_o contain_v 26_o inch_n english_a circa_fw-la chap._n xix_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o argier_n and_o tunis_n tunis_n the_o general_a trade_n of_o argier_n and_o tunis_n though_o these_o two_o kingdom_n of_o tunis_n and_o argier_n do_v afford_v many_o fair_a town_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o country_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o find_v that_o the_o same_o do_v produce_v many_o merchant_n of_o quality_n or_o of_o great_a consideration_n this_o tract_n of_o land_n be_v find_v at_o present_a to_o belong_v to_o three_o several_a inhabitant_n the_o moor_n as_o proprietor_n enjoy_v the_o principal_a part_n and_o these_o be_v find_v within_o themselves_o to_o acknowledge_v several_a sovereign_n which_o not_o seldom_o be_v at_o variance_n sometime_o among_o themselves_o sometime_o with_o their_o neighbour_n and_o because_o of_o the_o liberty_n give_v here_o for_o entertainment_n and_o protection_n to_o all_o nation_n not_o only_o these_o town_n do_v harbour_n levent_v which_o we_o call_v pirate_n and_o they_o call_v natural_a turk_n but_o also_o christian_n of_o all_o country_n which_o hence_o with_o robbery_n infest_v these_o adjoin_a
of_o the_o yearly_a progress_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n from_o place_n to_o place_n in_o family_n and_o tribe_n the_o country_n abound_v in_o date_n the_o food_n here_o of_o man_n and_o beast_n lybia_n lybia_n lybia_n have_v on_o the_o east_n nilus_n on_o the_o west_n the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n numidia_n and_o on_o the_o south_n the_o land_n of_o negro_n the_o country_n altogether_o sandy_a barren_a and_o a_o desert_n the_o inhabitant_n altogether_o heathenish_a and_o therefore_o not_o worthy_a the_o conversation_n of_o a_o civil_a merchant_n or_o the_o residence_n of_o any_o commerce_n chap._n xxv_o of_o negrita_n or_o the_o land_n of_o negro_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o negrita_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o this_o land_n of_o blackmoor_n have_v on_o the_o east_n aethiopia_n superior_n on_o the_o west_n the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n lybia_n on_o the_o south_n manicongo_n in_o this_o tract_n of_o ground_n be_v account_v twenty_o five_o kingdom_n or_o province_n through_o which_o run_v the_o famous_a river_n of_o niger_n or_o sanega_n in_o who_o overflow_n consist_v the_o welfare_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n even_o as_o in_o egypt_n it_o do_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o nilus_n for_o this_o as_o that_o increase_v for_o forty_o day_n and_o decrease_v for_o forty_o day_n more_o during_o which_o time_n the_o inhabitant_n fail_v over_o the_o whole_a land_n in_o boat_n and_o barge_n tombutu_fw-la tombutu_fw-la this_o whole_a tract_n principal_o now_o acknowledge_v three_o sovereign_n which_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o tombutu_fw-la the_o kingdom_n of_o borneo_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o goaga_n each_o kingdom_n give_v name_n to_o a_o city_n the_o principal_a residence_n of_o the_o king_n the_o city_n of_o tombutu_fw-la lie_v beyond_o the_o river_n of_o sanega_n or_o niger_n wherein_o be_v find_v a_o trade_n drive_v by_o many_o french_a dutch_a and_o english_a merchant_n the_o manner_n thereof_o and_o the_o matter_n wherewith_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o as_o well_o as_o i_o can_v particularize_v goago_n goago_n four_o hundred_o mile_n from_o tombutu_fw-la be_v the_o city_n of_o goaga_n wherein_o be_v find_v eminent_a merchant_n and_o precious_a and_o sumptuous_a merchandise_n of_o all_o sort_n borneo_n borneo_n borneo_n be_v the_o three_o the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o be_v better_o verse_v in_o breed_v of_o cattle_n than_o in_o the_o art_n of_o commerce_n and_o better_o read_v in_o mars_n than_o mercury_n thereof_o commodity_n thereof_o the_o commodity_n of_o these_o country_n be_v corn_n sugar_n cattle_n horse_n rice_n fruit_n gold_n in_o sand_n which_o they_o term_v siga_n and_o we_o tibur_n and_o also_o in_o ingot_n without_o sovereign_a stamp_n or_o character_n and_o be_v distinguish_v by_o its_o fineness_n and_o goodness_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n by_o way_n of_o exchange_n do_v barter_n with_o their_o neighbour_n and_o other_o foreign_a nation_n against_o clothes_n linen_n callico_n basin_n of_o copper_n ironwork_n sword-blade_n hand-gun_n glass_n bead_n and_o such_o like_a and_o principal_o against_o salt_n which_o of_o all_o other_o commodity_n this_o country_n be_v most_o defective_a in_o and_o in_o some_o place_n afford_v not_o and_o therefore_o pay_v for_o it_o at_o a_o excessive_a dear_a price_n to_o stranger_n coast_n the_o trade_n of_o guiney_n and_o benin_n and_o the_o golden_a coast_n the_o trade_n of_o all_o this_o tract_n such_o as_o it_o be_v now_o in_o these_o day_n know_v to_o our_o nation_n be_v comprise_v alongst_o the_o sea-coast_n which_o the_o portugal_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o former_a plantation_n here_o and_o rich_a commerce_n have_v entitle_v the_o golden_a coast_n and_o we_o in_o common_a appellation_n term_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o genin_n and_o benin_n two_o of_o the_o principal_a province_n maritime_a that_o be_v find_v include_v within_o the_o circuit_n of_o these_o three_o beforementioned_a kingdom_n which_o trade_n that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o little_a better_o understand_v i_o shall_v more_o particular_o survey_v according_a to_o some_o observation_n make_v by_o some_o hand_n thereon_o benin_n the_o portugal_n the_o first_o trader_n into_o guiney_n and_o benin_n in_o the_o beginning_n and_o discovery_n of_o this_o maritime_a coast_n for_o thereto_o i_o intend_v to_o apply_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n the_o portugal_n be_v the_o first_o that_o range_v this_o shore_n and_o have_v some_o small_a knowledge_n of_o their_o commodity_n and_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o trade_n with_o they_o who_o partly_o by_o fair_a mean_n and_o partly_o by_o constraint_n get_v foot_v in_o this_o sea-coast_n build_v fort_n in_o some_o and_o place_v garrison_n and_o factory_n in_o other_o which_o then_o be_v find_v so_o golden_a and_o beneficial_a to_o that_o country_n that_o it_o be_v conceive_v this_o only_a thing_n as_o what_o will_v not_o gold_n attract_v draw_v they_o to_o search_v further_o the_o maritime_a coast_n of_o this_o tract_n all_o along_o to_o cape_n bona_fw-la esperansa_n and_o so_o consequent_o thereby_o unto_o the_o east-indies_n fair_o quarter_n and_o courteous_a usage_n be_v then_o perceive_v in_o these_o fort_n and_o town_n thus_o subject_v to_o the_o portugal_n draw_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o countryman_n to_o a_o fair_a and_o ordinary_a commutation_n and_o exchange_v of_o commodity_n with_o they_o which_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v maintain_v by_o factor_n appoint_v for_o the_o king_n be_v particular_a account_n in_o every_o port_n and_o town_n as_o if_o he_o intend_v to_o make_v the_o profit_n of_o merchandize_v to_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o his_o conquest_n and_o garrison_n furnish_v they_o with_o salt_n iron_n tin_n copper_n basin_n knife_n cloth_n linen_n and_o other_o european_a commodity_n receive_v in_o exchange_n partly_o the_o commodity_n proper_a for_o their_o nourishment_n such_o as_o be_v cattle_n corn_n rice_n and_o the_o like_a and_o principal_o commodity_n beneficial_a as_o gold_n itself_o in_o great_a abundance_n both_o in_o sand_n and_o ingot_n melt_v which_o give_v a_o quicken_a and_o life_n to_o the_o further_a discovery_n of_o those_o country_n and_o continuance_n of_o the_o trade_n which_o be_v find_v there_o maintain_v to_o this_o day_n though_o in_o a_o far_o lesser_a manner_n other_o who_o show_v the_o way_n to_o english_a and_o other_o the_o english_a and_o other_o nation_n afterward_o desirous_a to_o share_v in_o this_o rich_a trade_n fail_v within_o a_o short_a time_n likewise_o hither_o and_o because_o they_o have_v not_o such_o place_n and_o fort_n for_o their_o beware_a house_n and_o the_o protection_n of_o their_o person_n and_o good_n therefore_o will_v not_o or_o else_o may_v not_o with_o safety_n land_n their_o commodity_n without_o danger_n of_o the_o falsehood_n of_o the_o portugal_n or_o treachery_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n therefore_o at_o first_o fail_v hither_o be_v compel_v to_o anchor_n alongst_o the_o coast_n near_o to_o the_o best_a town_n and_o of_o great_a concourse_n and_o signify_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o commodity_n they_o have_v bring_v to_o utter_v draw_v at_o length_n by_o their_o fair_a demeanour_n and_o courteous_a usage_n the_o moor_n to_o come_v aboard_o their_o ship_n and_o bring_v their_o gold_n with_o they_o the_o manner_n of_o which_o trade_n as_o be_v different_a from_o any_o other_o country_n i_o shall_v brief_o set_v down_o benin_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o usual_a trade_n of_o guiney_n and_o benin_n in_o the_o morning_n betimes_o have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n than_o the_o wind_n off_o the_o shore_n and_o calm_a weather_n the_o moor_n come_v aboard_o in_o their_o canoe_n and_o scut_n to_o traffic_n some_o for_o themselves_o and_o some_o which_o they_o call_v tolkens_n or_o factor_n for_o other_o who_o carry_v at_o their_o girdle_n a_o purse_n wherein_o small_a clout_n or_o paper_n contain_v sometime_o 10_o several_a man_n gold_n be_v wrap_v and_o lay_v up_o which_o though_o it_o shall_v be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o weight_n and_o goodness_n they_o notwithstanding_o ready_o distinguish_v and_o have_v make_v their_o barter_v for_o cloth_n linen_n or_o the_o like_a at_o noon_n return_v with_o the_o sea-turn_a or_o as_o they_o call_v it_o the_o brise_n again_o to_o the_o shore_n and_o beside_o their_o bargain_n covenant_v these_o factor_n have_v some_o small_a thing_n for_o themselves_o as_o the_o reward_n of_o their_o pain_n by_o way_n of_o brokage_n or_o factorage_n which_o they_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o dachio_n benin_n the_o undermine_a trick_n of_o guiney_n and_o benin_n but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n the_o netherlander_n frequent_v this_o coast_n and_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o english_a traffic_n and_o come_v into_o the_o same_o part_n where_o the_o english_a trade_v and_o be_v know_v be_v the_o first_o that_o spoil_v this_o golden_a trade_n partly_o by_o their_o sinister_a deal_n and_o partly_o by_o their_o undermine_a and_o
proper_a that_o i_o enlarge_v when_o i_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o aleppo_n which_o be_v seat_v in_o syria_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o chap._n xliii_o of_o pamphilia_n lycia_n and_o caria_n caria_n pamphilia_n lycia_n and_o caria_n all_o these_o have_v not_o any_o thing_n now_o worthy_a note_n in_o they_o conduce_v to_o trade_n and_o merchandize_v save_o the_o abundance_n of_o those_o goat_n upon_o who_o grow_v that_o wool_n whereof_o be_v make_v the_o chamlet_n and_o grogram_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v have_v cause_n to_o speak_v more_o at_o large_a when_o i_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o angora_n and_o in_o the_o interim_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o province_n have_v lose_v their_o former_a name_n be_v now_o know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o garamania_n and_o be_v at_o this_o present_a under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n chap._n xliv_o of_o jonia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o ephesus_n jonia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o ephesus_n ionia_n be_v the_o next_o province_n wherein_o be_v that_o ancient_a famous_a city_n of_o ephesus_n much_o ruin_v from_o its_o ancient_a record_a beauty_n famous_a for_o the_o direction_n of_o a_o epistle_n by_o saint_n paul_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n hereof_o famous_a also_o for_o the_o temple_n of_o diana_n and_o last_o famous_a for_o the_o burial_n of_o st._n john_n the_o evangelist_n who_o go_v here_o alive_a into_o the_o grave_n but_o this_o city_n be_v now_o become_v a_o poor_a village_n and_o retain_v no_o monument_n of_o her_o pride_n that_o i_o can_v find_v in_o anno_fw-la 1624._o but_o a_o porch_n of_o a_o grecian_a church_n of_o black_a marble_n wherein_o be_v excellent_o engrave_v the_o life_n of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n much_o admire_v by_o all_o artist_n smyrna_n smyrna_n but_o now_o the_o only_a city_n of_o trade_n in_o this_o province_n be_v smyrna_n one_o of_o the_o place_n that_o strive_v for_o the_o birth_n of_o homer_n and_o wherein_o be_v find_v one_o of_o those_o church_n whereto_o st._n john_n dedicate_v his_o revelation_n seat_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o bay_n or_o gulf_n know_v to_o our_o seaman_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o smyrna_n and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o consul_n resident_a for_o the_o english_a as_o also_o for_o the_o french_a and_o venetian_n to_o protect_v their_o merchant_n and_o trade_n where_o in_o anno_fw-la 1619._o in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n i_o note_v these_o thing_n chap._n xlv_o of_o smyrna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o smyrna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o principal_a trade_n of_o this_o city_n be_v within_o these_o few_o year_n transport_v hither_o from_o the_o island_n scio_fw-la where_o the_o consul_n abovesaid_a have_v their_o residence_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v entitle_v consul_n of_o scio_fw-la and_o smyrna_n but_o by_o reason_n that_o scale_n both_o for_o sale_n and_o investment_n have_v then_o a_o dependency_n upon_o this_o it_o be_v find_v more_o proper_a and_o less_o chargeable_a to_o remove_v their_o abode_n and_o warehouse_n hither_o and_o by_o that_o mean_v this_o become_v the_o principal_a port_n the_o goodness_n of_o the_o harbour_n much_o further_a the_o same_o be_v both_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n and_o within_o these_o latter_a year_n much_o enrich_v by_o the_o trade_n of_o english_a french_a and_o dutch_a the_o venetian_n drive_v great_a trade_n here_o under_o french_a colour_n still_o smryna_n commodity_n of_o smryna_n the_o commodity_n that_o be_v find_v here_o to_o abound_v and_o that_o be_v hence_o transport_v into_o other_o country_n of_o christendom_n be_v cotton_n wool_n which_o in_o great_a plenty_n grow_v in_o the_o adjoin_a plain_n of_o this_o city_n also_o gall_n for_o dyer_n anniseed_n cordovant_n wax_n cotton_n and_o grogram_n yarn_n cute_v carpet_n grogram_n chamlet_n mâ—hairs_n and_o some_o fruit_n and_o drug_n raw_a persia_n silk_n be_v likewise_o hither_o bring_v by_o land_n from_o persia_n and_o all_o other_o commodity_n find_v in_o turkey_n or_o of_o that_o growth_n be_v here_o to_o be_v have_v and_o the_o commodity_n here_o vend_v from_o england_n be_v clothes_n of_o suffolk_n essex_n and_o gloucester_n kersey_n of_o yorkshire_n and_o hampshire_n lead_v tin_n calico_n pepper_n indigo_n and_o other_o spice_n which_o within_o these_o late_a year_n we_o have_v former_o from_o this_o and_o other_o place_n of_o turkey_n and_o which_o now_o by_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o east-india_n trade_n and_o navigation_n we_o carry_v to_o they_o and_o from_o venice_n be_v bring_v some_o cloth_n paper_n silk_n velvet_n etc._n etc._n and_o from_o france_n some_o few_o clothes_n and_o paper_n etc._n etc._n great_a store_n of_o bullion_n which_o never_o return_v into_o christendom_n more_o carried_z the_o great_a part_n by_o the_o armenian_n and_o persian_n to_o their_o native_a country_n and_o there_o melt_v down_o into_o a_o light_a standard_n account_n the_o coin_n of_o smyrna_n and_o account_n the_o coin_n current_a of_o smyrna_n be_v those_o of_o constantinople_n and_o general_o those_o of_o all_o that_o empire_n which_o i_o shall_v show_v when_o i_o treat_v of_o that_o city_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n here_o omit_v it_o and_o their_o account_n they_o also_o keep_v here_o in_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o they_o and_o therefore_o refer_v you_o to_o that_o place_n in_o both_o these_o particular_n smyrna_n weight_n usual_a of_o smyrna_n the_o weight_n of_o smyrna_n and_o scio_fw-la for_o they_o agree_v both_o in_o one_o be_v the_o quintar_n which_o contain_v 100_o rotolo_n or_o 42_o oak_n and_o every_o oak_n be_v 400_o dram_n and_o every_o lodro_n be_v 176_o dram_n and_o the_o pound_n averdupois_n have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v 148_o dram_n and_o the_o quintal_n of_o 42_o oak_n abovesaid_a which_o produce_v 119_o l._n english_a but_o in_o many_o commodity_n it_o be_v find_v to_o answer_v but_o 117_o l._n so_o that_o in_o circa_fw-la 9¼_n dram_n be_v 1_o ounce_n english_a averdupois_n they_o have_v here_o in_o use_n two_o measure_n one_o for_o linen_n and_o another_o for_o woollen_a but_o because_o they_o near_o agree_v with_o constantinople_n i_o will_v refer_v the_o same_o to_o that_o place_n english_a measure_n of_o smyrna_n and_o scio_fw-la custom_n of_o smyrna_n and_o scio_fw-la by_o the_o english_a the_o custom_n pay_v by_o the_o english_a here_o and_o throughout_o all_o turkey_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o capitulation_n with_o the_o great_a turk_n be_v only_o three_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la and_o oftentimes_o the_o custom_n house_n of_o scio_fw-la and_o of_o smyrna_n be_v in_o one_o man_n hand_n and_o though_o by_o their_o capitulation_n it_o be_v so_o agree_v that_o those_o good_n that_o have_v once_o pay_v custom_n in_o one_o port_n shall_v not_o pay_v any_o more_o be_v thence_o export_v to_o any_o other_o place_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o that_o command_n have_v be_v grant_v to_o that_o end_n by_o the_o grand_a signior_n at_o several_a time_n yet_o the_o justice_n of_o that_o country_n be_v so_o defective_a in_o this_o particular_a that_o the_o commodity_n land_v in_o smyrna_n and_o pay_v their_o three_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la and_o afterward_o transport_v to_o constantinople_n pay_v there_o again_o another_o three_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la or_o compound_v with_o the_o customer_n which_o sometime_o be_v do_v at_o 1½_n per_fw-la centum_fw-la and_o sometime_o at_o less_o french_a by_o venetian_n and_o french_a note_v that_o here_o as_o in_o all_o part_n of_o turkey_n the_o venetian_n french_a and_o dutch_a pay_n five_o per_fw-la cent_n two_o per_fw-la cent_n more_o than_o the_o english_a which_o be_v ground_v upon_o their_o capitulation_n with_o the_o emperor_n ship_n port-charge_n of_o a_o ship_n the_o port-charge_n of_o clear_v a_o ship_n in_o smyrna_n be_v pay_v in_o commodity_n of_o our_o country_n and_o be_v to_o that_o end_n thus_o at_o first_o regulate_v but_o since_o convert_v into_o payment_n by_o money_n as_o to_o the_o cadie_n who_o be_v to_o have_v five_o pico_n of_o venice_n cloth_n and_o a_o bundle_n of_o coney-skin_n for_o a_o vest_n which_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o our_o english_a trade_n be_v here_o find_v to_o be_v much_o request_v the_o cadies_n servant_n to_o have_v 3½_n pico_n english_a cloth_n the_o cady_n caya_n to_o have_v 3_o pico_n of_o ditto_n the_o cady_n scrivan_n to_o have_v a_o chicquine_n in_o gold_n the_o cadies_n page_n to_o have_v 2½_n dollar_n the_o mosur_n eashaw_n to_o have_v 1½_n pico_n cloth_n the_o cadies_n janissary_n to_o have_v a_o chicquine_n all_o which_o charge_v amount_v in_o circas_fw-la to_o 68_o dollar_n to_o conclude_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o port_n be_v most_o note_a for_o the_o abundance_n of_o cotton_n which_o hence_o be_v transport_v to_o england_n france_n holland_n and_o italy_n estimate_v yearly_o to_o be_v about_o 20000_o quintal_n and_o be_v find_v here_o to_o
for_o all_o other_o commodity_n i_o will_v begin_v with_o the_o sear_n which_o vary_v here_o in_o several_a part_n of_o this_o country_n a_o sear_n of_o surrat_n be_v 18_o pices_fw-la weight_n of_o copper_n money_n which_o be_v 13â…“_n ounce_n averdupois_n a_o sear_n of_o agra_n call_v the_o sear_n acoberg_n be_v 30_o pices_fw-la which_o be_v 22_o ounce_n averdupois_n a_o sear_n of_o agra_n call_v the_o sear_n janquery_n be_v 36_o pices_fw-la be_v the_o common_a sear_n of_o all_o india_n and_o double_a the_o surrat_n sear_n which_o be_v 26â…”_n ounce_n a_o sear_n of_o puttana_n and_o ganges_n be_v 37_o pices_fw-la and_o those_o that_o have_v make_v a_o strict_a calculation_n have_v find_v that_o 22_o common_a pices_fw-la make_v 16_o ounce_n averdupois_n they_o have_v also_o in_o use_n in_o these_o country_n two_o maunds_z a_o maund_v small_a of_o surrat_n be_v 40_o sears_n of_o surrat_n and_o the_o say_v maund_v be_v 33_o l._n averdupois_n but_o they_o have_v for_o some_o commodity_n another_o maund_v in_o surrat_n about_o 27_o l._n averdupois_n a_o candil_n of_o surrat_n cambaia_n &c_n &c_n be_v 20_o of_o the_o say_v maunds_z sears_n 40_o make_n a_o small_a maund_v of_o 33_o l._n english_a sears_n 40_o great_a make_v a_o great_a maund_v of_o 54_o 3_o â—_o l._n english_a and_o some_o have_v observe_v it_o to_o be_v 55_o l._n english_a and_o this_o be_v the_o maund_v of_o agra_n amadever_n amadever_n in_o amadever_n this_o difference_n be_v find_v in_o the_o say_a weight_n a_o maund_v be_v 40_o sear_n which_o be_v 18_o pices_fw-la and_o 33_o l._n english_a and_o the_o 100_o maunds_z of_o amadever_n be_v 63_o maunds_z of_o agra_n for_o gold_n silver_n musk_n civet_n bezoar-stone_n they_o have_v another_o weight_n which_o they_o call_v the_o toll_n be_v 12_o mass_n and_o be_v 7_o d._n 16_o grain_n troy_n weight_n in_o england_n as_o have_v be_v observe_v both_o by_o the_o english_a and_o portugal_n merchant_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v question_v but_o that_o this_o so_o large_a tract_n of_o country_n must_v admit_v of_o more_o diversity_n of_o weight_n which_o i_o be_o enforce_v to_o pass_v over_o in_o silence_n by_o reason_n of_o my_o ignorance_n and_o refer_v what_o be_v here_o omit_v to_o the_o better_o experience_v country_n measure_n in_o cambaia_n surrat_n agra_n and_o mogul_n country_n there_o be_v use_v in_o these_o part_n two_o common_a measure_n and_o both_o call_v a_o covato_fw-mi a_o short_a and_o long_a covado_n the_o short_a covado_n of_o surrat_n cambaia_n etc._n etc._n use_v in_o the_o sale_n of_o many_o commodity_n as_o linen_n and_o silk_n be_v 27_o inch_n english_a the_o long_a covado_n of_o surrat_n use_v for_o woollen_a cloth_n be_v 35_o inch_n but_o in_o agra_n labour_n dilly_o brampore_o etc._n etc._n the_o ordinary_a and_o common_a covado_n be_v find_v to_o hold_v 32_o inch_n and_o call_v in_o some_o place_n of_o this_o country_n elahy_n at_o puttana_n they_o have_v a_o covado_n of_o 38_o inch_n and_o by_o the_o observation_n of_o some_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o 1_o â—_o 3_o covado_fw-mi of_o puttana_n be_v 5_o covado_n of_o agra_n which_o make_v four_o yard_n english_a and_o note_v that_o in_o all_o the_o mogul_n country_n they_o use_v no_o concave_a measure_n for_o any_o grain_n or_o liquid_a commodity_n but_o sell_v the_o same_o by_o weight_n in_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o they_o do_v all_o ponderous_a and_o massy_a commodity_n they_o measure_v their_o ground_n and_o day_n journey_n by_o a_o measure_n which_o they_o call_v a_o corso_n which_o be_v one_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o geometrical_a pace_n and_o be_v account_v in_o common_a estimation_n of_o our_o late_a traveller_n a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a english_a lahore_n lahore_n in_o this_o tract_n and_o belong_v to_o this_o prince_n be_v many_o famous_a town_n of_o trade_n the_o chief_a be_v lahore_n famous_a for_o the_o indigo_n there_o grow_v and_o prepare_v and_o for_o that_o admirable_a high_a way_n to_o agra_n of_o twenty_o day_n journey_n beset_v on_o each_o side_n with_o mulberry-tree_n and_o whence_o there_o depart_v yearly_a above_o twelve_o thousand_o camel_n lade_v with_o spice_n to_o hispahan_n which_o be_v bring_v hither_o from_o india_n amadabar_fw-la amadabar_fw-la the_o next_o principal_a town_n be_v amadabar_n famous_a in_o these_o part_n for_o the_o great_a trade_n and_o excellent_a situation_n thereof_o as_o be_v the_o most_o eminent_a city_n of_o the_o gusurate_n tutta_n tutta_n neither_o be_v tutta_n here_o to_o be_v forget_v though_o a_o island_n town_n yet_o seat_v on_o the_o famous_a river_n of_o indus_n and_o have_v dependency_n and_o belong_v thereunto_o lowribander_n lowribander_n and_o that_o excellent_a port_n of_o lowribander_n three_o day_n journey_v distant_a from_o it_o on_o the_o shore_n common_o entitle_v the_o coast_n of_o sindie_n wherein_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o our_o european_a navigator_n that_o ship_n may_v safe_o ride_v without_o receive_v harm_n by_o the_o worm_n which_o do_v much_o hurt_n in_o surat_n and_o all_o alongst_o the_o coast_n of_o india_n chap._n xci_o of_o goa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o goa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o goa_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o india_n i_o mean_v of_o those_o that_o be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o portugal_n or_o spaniard_n where_o the_o viceroy_n archbishop_n and_o the_o king_n his_o consul_n and_o chancery_n do_v reside_v here_o be_v also_o the_o staple_n of_o all_o india_n commodity_n whereto_o merchant_n of_o arabia_n armenia_n persia_n cambaia_n bengala_n pegu_n siam_n malacca_n java_n molucco_n china_n and_o of_o sundâ—y_a other_o country_n do_v resort_v it_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o island_n of_o three_o mile_n circuit_n but_o be_v but_o little_a distant_a from_o the_o firm_a land_n the_o port_n be_v capacious_a of_o good_a ship_n but_o if_o they_o exceed_v 200_o tun_n they_o unlade_v short_a of_o the_o town_n a_o place_n call_v bard_n well_o build_v with_o fair_a house_n both_o public_a and_o private_a after_o the_o portugal_n manner_n and_o have_v in_o it_o many_o cloister_n church_n and_o priory_n but_o be_v not_o fortify_v with_o any_o wall_n but_o the_o contrive_a and_o continue_a building_n of_o the_o house_n serve_v both_o for_o the_o defence_n and_o enclosure_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o city_n be_v a_o street_n call_v the_o leilon_n where_o a_o daily_a assembly_n be_v make_v from_o 7_o to_o 9_o in_o the_o morning_n not_o only_o of_o merchant_n from_o all_o part_n but_o also_o of_o gentry_n and_o during_o the_o say_a hour_n the_o say_a street_n be_v replenish_v with_o all_o commodity_n and_o merchandise_n from_o all_o the_o afore-named_n kingdom_n set_v forth_o in_o manner_n of_o our_o fair_n in_o england_n which_o daily_o be_v thus_o practise_v and_o wherein_o the_o rich_a commodity_n of_o those_o country_n be_v vend_v and_o put_v to_o sale_n beside_o which_o there_o be_v particular_a street_n where_o the_o native_a indian_n do_v dwell_v together_o be_v find_v to_o be_v here_o great_a merchant_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n inhabit_v near_o together_o especial_o such_o as_o be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o art_n and_o profession_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o strict_a law_n of_o this_o country_n every_o man_n to_o marry_v within_o his_o own_o and_o the_o same_o trade_n and_o to_o bring_v up_o likewise_o their_o child_n in_o their_o own_o and_o the_o same_o profession_n which_o law_n be_v strict_o observe_v give_v great_a perfection_n to_o all_o art_n here_o practise_v their_o winter_n begin_v here_o the_o last_o of_o april_n continue_v till_o september_n and_o be_v call_v winter_n not_o for_o the_o cold_a but_o for_o the_o continual_a rain_n that_o be_v find_v all_o this_o time_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o time_n be_v account_v summer_n which_o be_v without_o rain_n and_o the_o pleasant_a of_o all_o other_o season_n upon_o this_o coast_n goa_n commodity_n of_o goa_n the_o commodity_n natural_a of_o this_o place_n be_v not_o observableâ—_n the_o island_n small_a and_o the_o firm_a land_n plentiful_a in_o palm_n tree_n cocus_n and_o the_o like_a the_o city_n be_v the_o common_a staple_n for_o all_o india_n commodity_n bring_v hither_o by_o other_o and_o here_o barter_v and_o exchange_v for_o other_o but_o of_o itself_o not_o afford_v any_o of_o note_n or_o consequence_n goa_n coin_n current_a in_o goa_n they_o have_v here_o two_o sort_n of_o money_n a_o good_a and_o a_o bad_a and_o therefore_o in_o all_o contract_v they_o be_v as_o well_o to_o bargain_n for_o the_o money_n that_o be_v to_o be_v receive_v as_o for_o the_o commodity_n that_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v but_o because_o this_o place_n be_v neighbour_v with_o sundry_a great_a nation_n that_o traffic_v hither_o it_o will_v be_v fit_a i_o shall_v enlarge_v myself_o a_o little_a further_o on_o this_o subject_n the_o
and_o gold_n for_o rich_a perfume_n and_o the_o wood_n sapon_n use_v by_o dyer_n also_o here_o be_v camphora_n in_o great_a plenty_n bezoar_v stone_n and_o gold_n in_o some_o measure_n good_a store_n also_o here_o be_v find_v diamond_n nutmeg_n and_o some_o other_o spice_n which_o the_o country_n of_o itself_o afford_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o coast_n coin_n current_a in_o siam_n and_o the_o coast_n the_o coin_n here_o current_a as_o i_o be_o inform_v be_v these_o follow_v the_o first_o be_v a_o tail_n which_o be_v worth_a 4_o tical_n or_o seventeen_o shilling_n ten_o penny_n or_o eighteen_o shilling_n sterling_a a_o tical_a be_v account_v 4_o mass_n or_o 4_o s._n 4_o d._n incirca_fw-la sterling_a a_o mass_n be_v account_v 4_o copan_n about_o 13_o d._n sterling_a a_o copan_n be_v account_v 750_o cash_n or_o 3¼_n d._n sterling_a a_o tail_n be_v 16_o mass_n and_o account_v worth_n 14_o rial_n of_o eight_o spanish_a and_o 20_o tail_n be_v a_o cattee_n worth_n 48_o rial_n of_o â—_o spanish_a and_o 1_o tail_n of_o siam_n be_v worth_a 2_o tail_n of_o japan_n pattana_n coin_n at_o pattana_n and_o note_v that_o in_o pattana_n and_o elsewhere_o on_o this_o coast_n coin_n find_v little_a alteration_n in_o current_a price_n and_o rate_n except_o upon_o some_o extraordinary_a occasion_n when_o some_o of_o these_o species_n be_v seek_v out_o and_o provide_v by_o merchant_n to_o transport_v into_o other_o place_n where_o the_o same_o do_v turn_v they_o better_o to_o benefit_n and_o note_v that_o at_o pattana_n a_o mass_n be_v as_o above_o worth_a 4_o copan_n a_o copan_n worth_n 4_o condery_n a_o conderie_n be_v 100_o cash_n which_o be_v 800_o cash_n which_o be_v 50_o more_o than_o at_o siam_n as_o be_v abovementioned_a the_o measure_n and_o weight_n be_v not_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n so_o leave_v siam_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o coast_n i_o shall_v repair_v to_o malacca_n inhabit_v and_o fortify_v by_o the_o portugal_n and_o of_o great_a consequence_n in_o these_o part_n chap._n xcvii_o of_o malacca_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o malacca_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o malacca_n be_v the_o next_o country_n to_o the_o afore-named_n siam_n seat_v between_o the_o coast_n of_o siam_n and_o pegu_n upon_o the_o utmost_a bind_v of_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o land_n on_o which_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o malacca_n in_o obedience_n to_o the_o portugal_n and_o conquer_v by_o they_o 1511_o and_o account_v the_o most_o profitable_a command_n of_o all_o india_n next_o after_o ormus_n which_o of_o late_o they_o have_v lose_v and_o of_o mosambique_n it_o be_v commodious_o seat_v on_o the_o river_n gasa_n which_o be_v here_o 10_o mile_n broad_a as_o some_o write_v and_o be_v account_v the_o staple_n for_o all_o india_n and_o china_n commodity_n and_o have_v a_o very_a great_a traffic_n to_o china_n moluccos_fw-la banda_n java_n summatra_n and_o all_o the_o island_n border_v thereabouts_o as_o also_o to_o siam_n pegu_n bengala_n coast_n of_o chormandel_n and_o other_o the_o part_n of_o india_n whereby_o many_o ship_n be_v find_v daily_o to_o be_v employ_v come_v in_o and_o go_v out_o there_o lade_n and_o unlade_v sell_v buy_v and_o barter_v the_o commodity_n of_o these_o country_n together_o the_o country_n afford_v of_o itself_o no_o commodity_n to_o preserve_v trade_n but_o all_o other_o country_n afford_v to_o this_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o proper_a situation_n for_o trade_n their_o native_a commodity_n a_o ship_n or_o two_o come_v hither_o yearly_o from_o lisbon_n to_o traffic_v which_o thence_o depart_v 30_o day_n soon_o than_o the_o rest_n for_o india_n and_o be_v at_o she_o return_v find_v common_o the_o rich_a that_o frequent_v these_o country_n malacca_n monsons_n at_o malacca_n and_o here_o it_o be_v observable_a in_o navigation_n that_o the_o monsons_n or_o trade_n wind_n here_o continue_v west_n and_o northwest_n from_o the_o end_n of_o august_n to_o the_o end_n of_o october_n and_o in_o november_n begin_v the_o northerly_a and_o north-easter_o wind_n which_o blow_n till_o the_o beginning_n of_o april_n and_o from_o mâ—…_n till_o the_o end_n of_o august_n the_o south_n and_o south-west_n rule_v according_a to_o which_o the_o trader_n hither_o must_v direct_v his_o trade_n and_o course_n and_o take_v the_o proper_a season_n both_o for_o his_o come_n and_o go_v when_o albuquerk_n the_o vice-king_n of_o portugal_n take_v this_o city_n find_v it_o inhabit_v and_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n of_o sundry_a nation_n he_o establish_v magistrate_n for_o both_o the_o ethnic_n moor_n and_o christian_n with_o appeal_n only_o reserve_v to_o the_o high_a sovereign_n the_o conqueror_n one_o remarkable_a passage_n in_o this_o conquest_n i_o can_v omit_v which_o be_v that_o a_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o place_n of_o eminent_a note_n in_o this_o city_n fight_v naked_a in_o defence_n of_o himself_o and_o of_o his_o native_a country_n be_v find_v to_o be_v wound_v with_o many_o deep_a and_o wide_a wound_n but_o on_o his_o arm_n be_v wear_v a_o chain_n whereto_o be_v fasten_v the_o bone_n of_o a_o javan_n beast_n call_v a_o cabal_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o notwithstanding_o all_o those_o wound_n which_o be_v many_o and_o large_a he_o lose_v not_o one_o drop_n of_o blood_n but_o when_o that_o chain_n be_v take_v from_o he_o his_o vein_n sudden_o and_o at_o once_o empty_v themselves_o both_o of_o blood_n and_o life_n together_o the_o riches_n and_o greatness_n of_o the_o place_n may_v by_o this_o particular_a then_o happen_v be_v consider_v when_o as_o the_o king_n be_v ten_o in_o the_o sack_n thereof_o come_v to_o 200000_o ducat_n of_o gold_n the_o soldier_n and_o adventurer_n satisfy_v beside_o the_o conceal_a and_o pilfer_v booty_n there_o find_v and_o share_v by_o they_o malacca_n coin_n of_o the_o city_n malacca_n the_o current_a coin_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n therefore_o i_o refer_v the_o same_o to_o the_o better_o experience_v malacca_n weight_n use_v in_o malacca_n the_o weight_n here_o common_a in_o use_n as_o far_o forth_o as_o i_o have_v collect_v be_v the_o cattee_n bahar_n and_o pecul_n wherein_o i_o find_v the_o observation_n make_v hereupon_o to_o disagree_v some_o make_v but_o one_o bahar_n to_o be_v here_o in_o use_n and_o some_o two_o sort_n of_o bahars_n as_o thus_o one_o bahar_n to_o be_v 100_o cattee_n of_o malacca_n and_o each_o cattee_n to_o be_v 4½_n cattee_n of_o cantar_n and_o couchinchina_n which_o be_v 21_o l._n english_a which_o thus_o estimate_v must_v be_v 590_o l._n english_a a_o second_o bahar_n they_o account_v to_o be_v 200_o cattee_n of_o malacca_n which_o here_o be_v 302_o china_n cattee_n and_o thus_o estimate_v the_o same_o shall_v be_v 400_o l._n english_a again_o they_o have_v a_o weight_n call_v the_o pecul_n which_o be_v 100_o cattee_n of_o china_n and_o make_v 132_o l._n english_a but_o if_o this_o observation_n be_v find_v true_a by_o trial_n the_o cattee_n must_v be_v more_o than_o 21_o l._n english_a which_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o better_a experience_a this_o be_v the_o late_a observation_n of_o some_o of_o our_o merchant_n trade_v into_o these_o part_n but_o by_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o portugal_n i_o find_v the_o weight_n to_o be_v thus_o malacca_n weight_n of_o malacca_n in_o malacca_n they_o say_v be_v two_o sort_n of_o weight_n use_v a_o great_a and_o small_a which_o be_v compose_v of_o the_o bahar_n a_o bahar_n great_a weight_n be_v 200_o cattee_n or_o 3_o pices_fw-la one_o pice_n be_v 66â…”_n cattee_n a_o cattee_n be_v 26_o tail_n a_o tail_n be_v 1½_n ounce_n lisbon_n weight_n and_o by_o this_o great_a bahar_n they_o weigh_v pepper_n cloves_n nutmeg_n sander_n indigo_n alum_n sanguis_fw-la draconis_fw-la palo_n dangula_n camphora_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n the_o small_a bahar_n be_v also_o 200_o cattee_n a_o cattee_n be_v 22_o tail_n a_o tail_n be_v almost_o a_o ounce_n â…_n portugal_n weight_n and_o by_o this_o small_a bahar_n they_o weigh_v quicksilver_n copper_n vermilion_n ivory_n silk_n musk_n amber_n lignum_fw-la aloe_n tin_n lead_v benjamin_n verdet_n and_o other_o commodity_n etc._n etc._n again_o some_o observe_v that_o a_o tail_n of_o malacca_n be_v 16_o mass_n and_o 10¼_n mass_n be_v a_o ounce_n averdupois_n and_o 1½_n ounce_n be_v 16_o â—_o mass_n by_o which_o mass_n they_o sell_v bezoar_v stone_n and_o some_o other_o commodity_n i_o shall_v here_o proceed_v to_o survey_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o remain_a tract_n and_o coast_n especial_o that_o of_o cambaia_n couchin-china_n and_o other_o but_o little_o have_v fall_v into_o my_o hand_n of_o the_o trade_n exercise_v there_o i_o willing_o omit_v the_o same_o and_o next_o proceed_v to_o look_v only_o upon_o the_o traffic_n of_o china_n itself_o and_o then_o to_o the_o island_n belong_v to_o asia_n chap._n xcviii_o of_o china_n
respond_v with_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n and_o other_o place_n rotolo_n 100_o of_o cyprus_n make_v sotile_a venice_n 780_o l._n and_o of_o gross_a 480_o l._n which_o by_o this_o computation_n shall_v be_v about_o 522_o l._n english_a but_o i_o imagine_v this_o be_v account_v the_o cantar_n of_o famagusta_n which_o be_v 8_o per_fw-la cent_n great_a than_o that_o of_o aleppo_n which_o deduct_v be_v 42_o l._n there_o rest_v 480_o l._n averdupois_n the_o weight_n render_v of_o aleppo_n so_o that_o rotolo_n 21_o incirca_fw-la make_v 100_o l._n gross_a and_o rotolo_n 13½_n do_v make_v 100_o l._n sotile_a and_o rotolo_n 1_o be_v 7½_n sotile_a or_o 4_o l._n 8_o ounce_n gross_a of_o venice_n weight_n placo_n weight_n of_o cyprus_n compare_v with_o other_o placo_n again_o i_o find_v these_o observation_n make_v on_o the_o weight_n of_o cyprus_n for_o cotton_n viz._n 100_o rotolo_n of_o cyprus_n cotton_v have_v make_v in_o venice_n 750_o l._n which_o be_v 30_o l._n less_o than_o the_o aforesaid_a note_n which_o be_v mean_v of_o famagusta_n and_o have_v make_v in_o naples_n 671_o l._n bolonia_n 627_o l._n montpelier_n 678_o l._n barcelona_n 564_o l._n sevil_n 589_o l._n paris_n 448_o l._n marseli_fw-la 567_o l._n genoa_n 710_o l._n florence_n 656_o l._n milan_n 678_o l._n avignon_n 570_o l._n bruges_n 555_o l._n rome_n 631_o l._n london_n 506_o l._n the_o truth_n whereof_o i_o refer_v to_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o experience_a cyprus_n measure_n of_o cyprus_n measure_n of_o length_n be_v here_o two_o fort_n first_o the_o pico_n by_o which_o be_v sell_v all_o woollen_a cloth_n and_o silk_n account_v 26½_n inch_n and_o the_o brace_n by_o which_o be_v sell_v linen_n be_v 1_o 16_o long_o than_o the_o pico_n abovesaid_a the_o 100_o pico_n render_v in_o venice_n 125_o woollen_a brace_n and_o 116_o of_o silk_n brace_n wine_n of_o wine_n wine_n be_v sell_v here_o by_o the_o cuss_v 7_o cuss_n make_v 6_o fetch_n of_o venetian_n which_o be_v a_o candie_n barrel_n so_o that_o a_o cuss_v and_o a_o half_a and_o a_o zant_n jar_n be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o bigness_n oil_n of_o oil_n oil_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o rotolo_n which_o weigh_v 2½_n oak_n which_o be_v account_v for_o 1000_o dram_n grain_n of_o grain_n grain_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v the_o moose_n which_o weigh_v 40_o oak_n and_o 2½_n moose_v or_o 100_o oak_n make_v one_o staio_n in_o venetia_n salt_n of_o salt_n salt_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o moose_n 1000_o moose_n here_o of_o salt_n make_v 14_o moose_n in_o the_o account_n of_o venetia_n also_o some_o grain_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o coffino_n 100_o whereof_o make_v 24_o in_o 25_o stera's_fw-la of_o venetia_n which_o be_v bushel_n english_a archipelago_n island_n rhodes_n seat_v among_o the_o isle_n archipelago_n in_o this_o part_n of_o asia_n follow_v the_o opinion_n of_o author_n be_v the_o island_n of_o rhodes_n seat_v formerly_z the_o habitation_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o st._n john_n now_o a_o beyque_a of_o the_o turk_n and_o where_o for_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o port_n there_o be_v maintain_v a_o squadron_n of_o his_o galley_n yearly_o employ_v to_o clear_v and_o protect_v those_o sea_n matter_n of_o trade_n present_v here_o i_o have_v here_o willing_o omit_v and_o place_v the_o same_o among_o the_o island_n of_o the_o archipelago_n to_o which_o place_n i_o refer_v the_o reader_n and_o who_o desire_v to_o see_v further_o thereof_o chap._n cix_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o asia_n as_o it_o be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n asia_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o asia_n to_o conclude_v then_o the_o trade_n and_o traffic_n of_o asia_n in_o general_a it_o be_v comprehend_v within_o a_o few_o principal_a city_n thereof_o as_o first_o in_o the_o grand_a seignior_n dominion_n in_o aleppe_n smyrna_n constantinople_n alexandria_n balsara_n and_o baruti_fw-la and_o damascus_n in_o persia_n dominion_n in_o scirus_n ormus_n casbin_n gilan_n and_o hispahan_n and_o in_o india_n and_o these_o coast_n at_o goa_n malacca_n siam_n pegu_n cochin_n calicut_n mesulapatan_n and_o the_o island_n of_o java_n japan_n summatra_n molucco_n in_o tartary_n in_o astraca_n capha_n sarmacand_n and_o cambalu_n etc._n etc._n the_o turkish_a nation_n afford_v not_o many_o merchant_n of_o note_n yet_o some_o be_v find_v that_o from_o constantinople_n do_v drive_v a_o trade_n by_o sea_n to_o venice_n cairo_n trapesond_n capoa_n and_o some_o few_o other_o place_n and_o some_o again_o that_o with_o caravan_n by_o land_n drive_v a_o trade_n from_o aleppo_n damascus_n and_o egypt_n to_o the_o red-sea_n and_o to_o mecha_n but_o these_o i_o may_v more_o proper_o account_v arabian_n then_o natural_a turk_n who_o in_o general_n have_v be_v esteem_v in_o time_n past_a and_o yet_o be_v more_o industrious_a and_o better_o verse_v in_o manual_a art_n than_o in_o the_o mystery_n of_o merchandize_v but_o now_o they_o have_v all_o well_o near_o lose_v that_o attribute_n and_o whole_o addict_v themselves_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o grand_a seignior_n tyranny_n to_o no_o further_a trade_n than_o what_o necessity_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n compel_v they_o therefore_o not_o much_o worth_n here_o further_a consideration_n but_o those_o several_a nation_n inhabit_v the_o large_a coast_n of_o india_n persia_n and_o these_o abovementioned_a island_n be_v find_v to_o be_v more_o addict_v thereto_o and_o of_o great_a eminency_n and_o be_v find_v by_o their_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n to_o have_v raise_v to_o themselves_o estate_n in_o these_o country_n equal_a to_o many_o of_o our_o european_a duke_n and_o great_a earl_n whereof_o the_o gusurat_n and_o canarin_n the_o frugal_a and_o proper_a inhabitant_n of_o india_n be_v account_v the_o chief_a and_o principal_a occasion_v partly_o by_o their_o excellent_a subtlety_n in_o account_n and_o number_v and_o partly_o by_o the_o late_a navigation_n and_o commerce_n of_o the_o european_n arabian_n and_o other_o remote_a nation_n among_o they_o who_o bring_v they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n no_o other_o commodity_n but_o plate_n and_o silver_n in_o rial_n of_o ½_n which_o they_o there_o exchange_v for_o the_o rich_a commodity_n of_o india_n as_o their_o clove_n mace_n nâ—…megs_n pepper_n diamond_n emerald_n ruby_n pearl_n and_o such_o other_o the_o precious_a ware_n of_o these_o country_n the_o persian_a nation_n challenge_v also_o a_o large_a share_n in_o this_o trade_n of_o asia_n occasion_v by_o their_o excellent_a and_o industrious_a fabric_n and_o their_o natural_a plenty_n of_o raw_a silk_n which_o from_o they_o be_v abundant_o transport_v and_o spread_v over_o all_o the_o world_n and_o their_o sumptuous_a adorn_v and_o curiosity_n of_o live_v draw_v to_o they_o by_o exchange_v the_o riches_n and_o commodity_n of_o india_n and_o china_n and_o other_o place_n the_o arabian_n as_o possess_v a_o great_a part_n of_o asia_n may_v not_o here_o be_v omit_v among_o which_o be_v find_v many_o eminent_a merchant_n not_o only_a trade_n by_o camel_n with_o caravan_n from_o turkey_n into_o egypt_n and_o other_o place_n and_o into_o the_o red-sea_n but_o also_o from_o aleppo_n to_o babylon_n balsara_n and_o so_o to_o the_o persian_a gulf_n and_o also_o by_o sea_n not_o only_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o siâ—dy_n india_n chormandel_n siam_n pegu_n and_o the_o island_n aforesaid_a where_o many_o mahometan_a prince_n be_v find_v to_o bear_v rule_n but_o also_o at_o suachem_n melinda_n brava_n and_o quiloa_n and_o many_o other_o part_n and_o port_n of_o africa_n neither_o among_o all_o these_o abovementioned_a nation_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o general_a to_o afford_v merchant_n of_o eminency_n and_o note_n and_o to_o have_v a_o country_n for_o particular_a residence_n to_o themselves_o and_o where_o their_o prince_n do_v bear_v sovereignty_n be_v the_o nation_n of_o the_o jew_n to_o be_v omit_v or_o forget_v who_o though_o by_o the_o curse_n of_o the_o almighty_a be_v scatter_v and_o disperse_v as_o it_o be_v over_o the_o face_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n and_o be_v permit_v with_o some_o limitation_n and_o restriction_n their_o abode_n in_o several_a country_n pay_v for_o their_o liberty_n and_o freedom_n of_o residence_n and_o commerce_n both_o great_a and_o large_a annual_a contribution_n in_o sundry_a place_n yet_o by_o their_o ingeniousness_n in_o trade_n and_o their_o expertness_n in_o art_n and_o their_o subtlety_n in_o the_o valuation_n of_o prince_n coin_n and_o their_o skill_n in_o account_n they_o be_v find_v in_o all_o these_o afore-named_n country_n to_o be_v both_o eminent_a and_o rich_a merchant_n trade_v as_o well_o by_o land_n as_o by_o sea_n through_o all_o these_o afore-named_n country_n and_o by_o their_o craft_n and_o art_n raise_v to_o themselves_o eminence_n and_o great_a estate_n thereby_o i_o shall_v here_o give_v a_o share_n of_o this_o asian_a trade_n to_o the_o chinoese_a tartarian_n and_o other_o
a_o desire_n to_o employ_v their_o talent_n in_o foreign_a country_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o see_v to_o be_v perfect_v among_o they_o nature_n have_v to_o this_o end_n fit_v they_o with_o many_o goodly_a port_n and_o navigable_a river_n and_o will_v in_o time_n i_o hope_v fit_v they_o with_o a_o inclination_n to_o second_v by_o their_o endeavour_n what_o be_v so_o plentiful_o bestow_v by_o she_o upon_o they_o which_o by_o little_a and_o little_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o conversation_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o civiliz_n d_o english_a that_o daily_o be_v see_v to_o come_v and_o reside_v among_o they_o and_o thus_o leave_v ireland_n and_o my_o good_a wish_n to_o the_o increase_n of_o her_o traffic_n i_o hence_o pass_v over_o to_o scotland_n a_o part_n of_o britain_n and_o view_v the_o present_a trade_n thereof_o chap._n cclxu._n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o scotland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o scotland_n be_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n and_o separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n tweed_n and_o salway_n and_o the_o cheviot_n hill_n extend_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o other_o which_o be_v a_o kingdom_n and_o vary_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o trade_n from_o england_n i_o have_v think_v good_a here_o to_o insert_v by_o itself_o scotland_n commodity_n of_o scotland_n the_o comedy_n that_o this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v coarse_a clothes_n freeze_v fish_v salt_v hides_n tallow_n lead_v over_o some_o grain_n feather_n and_o other_o commodity_n as_o sea-coal_n allom_n iron_n etc._n etc._n this_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o high-land_n and_o the_o low-land_n and_o the_o same_o into_o several_a sheriffdom_n or_o province_n in_o which_o be_v find_v these_o town_n of_o consequence_n chap._n cclxvi_o of_o edenburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o edenburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o first_o edenburg_n wherein_o be_v seat_v the_o king_n palace_n and_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n consist_v principal_o of_o one_o street_n of_o a_o mile_n in_o length_n whereto_o do_v lead_v many_o other_o petty_a lane_n make_v the_o whole_a near_o three_o mile_n in_o circuit_n the_o second_o town_n be_v glascow_n a_o archbishop_n see_v and_o a_o university_n the_o three_o be_v saint_n andrews_n in_o fife_n honour_v with_o many_o prerogative_n fourthly_a sterling_a then_o be_v perth_n aberdeen_n dondes_n saint_n john_n town_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n scotland_n money_n of_o scotland_n their_o current_a money_n in_o merchandise_n be_v the_o proper_a coin_n of_o that_o kingdom_n both_o in_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v usual_o find_v to_o be_v in_o gold_n in_o piece_n of_o 22_o shill_n sterl_n piece_n of_o 11_o shill_n sterl_n piece_n of_o 5._o 6_o d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 2._o 9_o d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 4._o 4⅜_n d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 1_o shill_n 1½_n d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o ½_n the_o ¾_n and_o ⅛_n thereof_o piece_n of_o 9_o 6_o d._n be_v ⅔_n of_o the_o 13_o d._n ½_n sterl_n one_o mark_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr piece_n of_o ½_n which_o be_v 4½_n d._n be_v ⅓_n of_o the_o abovesaid_a again_o 13½_n d._n sterl_n be_v a_o scotch_a mark._n or_o 13_o shill_n 4._o d._n scotch_a 6⅔_n be_v a_o scotch_a noble_a 6_o shill_n 8_o d._n 20_o d._n sterl_n be_v 1½_n mark_n scotch_a or_o 1_o pound_n scotch_a of_o 20_o shill_n 20_o shill_n sterl_n be_v 18_o scotch_a mark_n beside_o which_o be_v here_o find_v current_a the_o coin_n of_o england_n and_o he_o that_o will_v see_v further_o into_o the_o intrinsic_n value_n and_o weight_n of_o these_o coin_n either_o of_o silver_n and_o gold_n must_v have_v recourse_n to_o a_o proclamation_n set_v out_o by_o our_o sovereign_a king_n james_n decease_v date_v in_o 1609_o which_o will_v also_o show_v their_o conformity_n to_o the_o coin_n of_o england_n in_o weight_n and_o goodness_n and_o the_o current_a value_n and_o estimation_n thereof_o through_o this_o kingdom_n scotland_n exchange_n in_o scotland_n here_o be_v practise_v for_o england_n a_o exchange_n for_o money_n as_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o scotch_a mark_n for_o 12_o penny_n sterling_a in_o london_n etc._n etc._n scotland_n account_n in_o scotland_n their_o account_n be_v now_o keep_v several_a way_n some_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o england_n by_o sterling_a pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n and_o some_o by_o their_o own_o ancient_a manner_n also_o in_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n scottish_a 20_o penny_n sterling_a be_v their_o pound_n 13½_n be_v their_o mark_n and_o penny_n scottish_a of_o which_o they_o have_v some_o black_a or_o copper_n monies_n as_o babaes_n esteem_v by_o they_o for_o six_o penny_n whereof_o two_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a placks_n which_o they_o esteem_v for_o four_o penny_n and_o three_o of_o they_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a and_o last_o piece_n call_v hard-head_n esteem_v by_o they_o at_o 1½_n penny_n but_o eight_o of_o they_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a money_n and_o some_o of_o these_o be_v yet_o current_a among_o they_o scotland_n weight_n of_o scotland_n they_o have_v in_o general_n as_o be_v also_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n but_o one_o weight_n for_o weigh_v of_o their_o merchandise_n and_o for_o buy_v and_o sell_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 100_o of_o which_o pound_n make_v their_o quintal_n which_o be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o london_n and_o all_o throughout_o england_n 108_o l._n averdupois_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n london_n sotile_n be_v find_v to_o render_v here_o 92_o l._n incirca_fw-la or_o the_o 112_o l._n to_o give_v 103½_n l._n or_o thereabouts_o 100_o measure_n of_o length_n 120_o for_o 100_o their_o common_a measure_n in_o length_n for_o linens_n cloth_n silk_n or_o stuff_n be_v a_o ell_n common_a in_o use_n throughout_o scotland_n which_o be_v about_o 4_o per_fw-la cent_n differ_v from_o our_o english_a yard_n as_o be_v great_a so_o that_o whereas_o we_o allow_v 36_o inch_n to_o the_o yard_n by_o rule_n their_o ell_n may_v make_v incirca_fw-la 34½_n inch_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o trader_n hither_o that_o 75_o yard_n in_o london_n or_o ell_n 60_o ell_n have_v make_v here_o 72_o scotch_a ell_n but_o in_o their_o hundred_o by_o tale_n in_o measure_n they_o account_v six_o score_n or_o 120_o for_o 100_o in_o other_o measure_n of_o corn_n coal_n salt_n or_o liquid_a measure_n of_o beer_n ale_n wine_n oil_n and_o such_o like_a imitate_v the_o better_a experience_a to_o supply_v my_o defect_n therein_o for_o i_o hasten_v now_o towards_o england_n and_o so_o to_o london_n the_o city_n of_o my_o abode_n and_o the_o end_n of_o my_o present_a labour_n and_o by_o the_o way_n will_v observe_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n be_v much_o addict_v both_o to_o trade_n and_o navigation_n and_o have_v many_o good_a help_n and_o furtherance_n there_o both_o by_o the_o natural_a and_o artificial_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n and_o the_o good_a port_n of_o the_o same_o so_o that_o in_o brief_a i_o may_v conclude_v this_o kingdom_n to_o be_v more_o addict_v to_o traffic_n and_o navigation_n than_o the_o irish_a and_o yet_o not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o english_a which_o yet_o by_o the_o gracious_a aspect_n of_o our_o sovereign_n be_v see_v daily_o to_o increase_v and_o may_v in_o time_n come_v to_o a_o great_a perfection_n chap._n cclxvii_o of_o britain_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o britain_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o have_v now_o set_v my_o foot_n upon_o the_o happy_a shore_n and_o run_v through_o the_o trade_n of_o most_o of_o the_o great_a know_a city_n of_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n in_o the_o world_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o survey_v the_o distinct_a port_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o i_o may_v not_o do_v less_o to_o our_o own_o than_o in_o this_o tract_n i_o have_v do_v to_o other_o foreign_a country_n britain_n then_o the_o queen_n of_o island_n be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o circuit_n 1836_o mile_n extend_v itself_o comprehend_v england_n wales_n and_o scotland_n as_o of_o one_o entire_a island_n which_o we_o now_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o great_a britain_n 800_o mile_n be_v divide_v into_o 3_o part_n as_o into_o england_n and_o wales_n who_o trade_n we_o have_v now_o in_o hand_n and_o scotland_n who_o traffic_n we_o have_v already_o declare_v chap._n cclxviii_o of_o wales_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o wales_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o wales_n then_o be_v the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o division_n be_v bound_v on_o all_o side_n with_o the_o sea_n except_o the_o east_n where_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o a_o line_n draw_v to_o the_o river_n wie_z but_o by_o some_o by_o clauda_n offa_n or_o offa_n ditch_n or_o more_o proper_a by_o interpretation_n offa_n
and_o fall_v together_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o hear_v our_o lawyer_n much_o condemn_v the_o vexation_n and_o charge_n by_o multiplicity_n of_o suit_n do_v exceed_v all_o the_o other_o kingdom_n of_o christendom_n but_o whether_o this_o proceed_v from_o the_o lawyer_n be_v covetousness_n or_o the_o people_n perverseness_n be_v a_o great_a question_n and_o let_v this_o be_v as_o it_o may_v i_o will_v inquire_v not_o far_o therein_o than_o our_o present_a discourse_n do_v require_v concern_v the_o decay_n of_o our_o trade_n and_o impoverish_v of_o the_o kingdom_n sure_o i_o be_o that_o suit_v in_o law_n make_v many_o a_o man_n poor_a and_o peniless_a but_o how_o it_o shall_v make_v we_o trade_n for_o less_o by_o one_o single_a penny_n i_o can_v well_o conceive_v for_o although_o among_o the_o great_a number_n of_o they_o who_o be_v vex_v and_o undo_v by_o controversy_n there_o be_v ever_o some_o merchant_n yet_o we_o know_v that_o one_o man_n necessity_n become_v another_o man_n opportunity_n i_o never_o know_v as_o yet_o a_o decay_n in_o our_o trade_n and_o treasure_n for_o want_v of_o merchant_n or_o mean_v to_o employ_v we_o but_o rather_o by_o excessive_a consumption_n of_o foreign_a ware_n at_o home_n or_o by_o a_o declination_n in_o the_o vent_n of_o our_o commodity_n abroad_o cause_v either_o by_o the_o ruinous_a effect_n of_o war_n or_o some_o alteration_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n whereof_o i_o have_v speak_v more_o full_o in_o the_o three_o chapter_n but_o to_o conclude_v with_o the_o lawyer_n i_o say_v that_o their_o noble_a profession_n be_v necessary_a to_o all_o and_o their_o case_n quillet_n delay_n and_o charge_n be_v mischievous_a to_o many_o these_o thing_n indeed_o be_v canker_n in_o the_o estate_n of_o particular_a man_n but_o not_o of_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o some_o suppose_v for_o one_o man_n loss_n become_v another_o man_n gain_n it_o be_v still_o in_o the_o kingdom_n i_o wish_v it_o may_v as_o sure_o remain_v in_o the_o right_a place_n last_o all_o kind_n of_o bounty_n and_o pomp_n be_v not_o to_o be_v avoid_v for_o if_o we_o shall_v become_v so_o frugal_a that_o we_o will_v use_v few_o or_o no_o foreign_a ware_n how_o shall_v we_o then_o vent_v our_o own_o commodity_n what_o will_v become_v of_o our_o ship_n mariner_n munition_n our_o poor_a artificer_n and_o many_o other_o do_v we_o hope_v that_o other_o country_n will_v afford_v we_o money_n for_o all_o our_o ware_n without_o buy_v or_o batter_v for_o some_o of_o they_o this_o will_v prove_v a_o vain_a expectation_n it_o be_v more_o safe_a and_o sure_a to_o run_v a_o middle_a course_n by_o spend_v moderate_o which_o will_v purchase_v treasure_n plentiful_o again_o the_o pomp_n of_o building_n apparel_n and_o the_o like_a in_o the_o nobility_n gentry_n and_o other_o able_a person_n can_v impoverish_v the_o kingdom_n if_o it_o be_v do_v with_o curious_a and_o costly_a work_n upon_o our_o material_n and_o by_o our_o own_o people_n it_o will_v maintain_v the_o poor_a with_o the_o purse_n of_o the_o rich_a which_o be_v the_o best_a distribution_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o if_o any_o man_n say_v that_o when_o the_o people_n want_v work_n the_o then_o fish_v trade_n will_v be_v a_o better_a employment_n and_o far_o more_o profitable_a i_o subscribe_v willing_o for_o in_o that_o great_a business_n there_o be_v mean_n enough_o to_o employ_v both_o rich_a and_o poor_a whereof_o there_o have_v be_v much_o say_v and_o write_v it_o rest_v only_o that_o something_o may_v be_v as_o well_o effect_v for_o the_o honour_n and_o wealth_n both_o of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o kingdom_n chap._n xvi_o how_o the_o revenue_n and_o incom_n of_o prince_n may_v just_o be_v raise_v now_o that_o we_o have_v set_v down_o the_o true_a course_n by_o which_o a_o kingdom_n may_v be_v enrich_v with_o treasure_n in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o will_v endeavour_v to_o show_v the_o way_n and_o mean_n by_o which_o a_o king_n may_v just_o share_v therein_o without_o the_o hurt_a or_o oppression_n of_o his_o subject_n the_o revenue_n of_o prince_n as_o they_o differ_v much_o in_o quantity_n according_a to_o the_o greatness_n riches_n and_o trade_n of_o their_o respective_a dominons_n so_o likewise_o be_v there_o great_a diversity_n use_v in_o procure_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o country_n the_o government_n law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n which_o no_o prince_n can_v alter_v but_o with_o much_o difficulty_n and_o danger_n some_o king_n have_v their_o crown-land_n the_o first_o fruit_n upon_o ecclesiastical_a live_n custom_n toll_n and_o impost_n upon_o all_o trade_n to_o and_o from_o foreign_a country_n loan_n donation_n and_o subsidy_n upon_o all_o necessary_a occasion_n other_o prince_n and_o state_n leave_v the_o three_o last_o do_v add_v unto_o the_o rest_n a_o custom_n upon_o all_o new_a ware_n transport_v from_o one_o city_n to_o be_v use_v in_o any_o other_o city_n or_o place_n of_o their_o own_o dominion_n custom_n upon_o every_o alienation_n or_o sale_n of_o live_a cattle_n land_n house_n and_o the_o portion_n or_o marriage_n money_n of_o woman_n licence-mony_n upon_o all_o victualing-house_n and_o innkeeper_n head-mony_n custom_n upon_o all_o the_o corn_n wine_n oil_n salt_n and_o the_o like_a which_o grow_v and_o be_v consume_v in_o their_o own_o dominion_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o rabble_n of_o oppression_n serve_v to_o enrich_v those_o prince_n which_o exact_v they_o and_o to_o make_v the_o people_n poor_a and_o miserable_a which_o endure_v they_o especial_o in_o those_o country_n where_o these_o burden_n be_v lay_v at_o heavy_a rate_n as_o 4_o 5_o 6_o and_z 7_o per_fw-la cent._n but_o when_o all_o the_o circumstance_n and_o distinction_n of_o place_n be_v due_o consider_v they_o will_v be_v find_v not_o only_o necessary_a and_o therefore_o lawful_a to_o be_v use_v in_o some_o state_n but_o also_o in_o divers_a respect_n very_o profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n first_o there_o be_v some_o state_n as_o namely_o venice_n florence_n genova_n the_o unite_a province_n of_o the_o low-countries_n and_o other_o which_o be_v singular_a for_o beauty_n and_o excellent_a both_o for_o natural_a and_o artificial_a strength_n have_v likewise_o rich_a subject_n yet_o be_v of_o no_o very_a great_a extent_n nor_o enjoy_v such_o wealth_n by_o ordinary_a revenue_n as_o may_v support_v they_o against_o the_o sudden_a and_o powerful_a invasion_n of_o those_o mighty_a prince_n which_o do_v environ_v they_o they_o be_v therefore_o enforce_v to_o strengthen_v themselves_o not_o only_o with_o confederate_n and_o league_n which_o may_v often_o fail_v they_o in_o their_o great_a need_n but_o also_o by_o mass_v up_o store_n of_o treasure_n and_o munition_n by_o those_o extraordinary_a course_n before-written_a which_o can_v deceive_v they_o but_o will_v ever_o be_v ready_a to_o make_v a_o good_a defence_n and_o to_o offend_v or_o divert_v their_o enemy_n neither_o be_v these_o heavy_a contribution_n so_o hurtful_a to_o the_o happiness_n of_o the_o people_n as_o they_o be_v common_o esteem_v for_o as_o the_o food_n and_o raiment_n of_o the_o poor_a be_v make_v dear_a by_o excise_n so_o do_v the_o price_n of_o their_o labour_n rise_v in_o proportion_n whereby_o the_o burden_n if_o any_o be_v be_v still_o upon_o the_o rick_n who_o be_v either_o idle_a or_o at_o least_o work_v not_o in_o this_o kind_n yet_o have_v they_o the_o use_v and_o be_v the_o great_a consumer_n of_o the_o poor_n labour_n neither_o do_v the_o rich_a neglect_n in_o their_o several_a place_n and_o calling_n to_o advance_v their_o endeavour_n according_a to_o those_o time_n which_o do_v exhaust_v their_o mean_n and_o revenue_n wherein_o if_o they_o shall_v peradventure_o fail_v and_o therefore_o be_v force_v to_o abate_v their_o sinful_a excess_n and_o idle_a retainer_n what_o be_v all_o this_o but_o happiness_n in_o a_o common_a wealth_n when_o virtue_n plenty_n and_o art_n shall_v thus_o be_v advance_v all_o together_o nor_o can_v it_o be_v true_o say_v that_o a_o kingdom_n be_v impoverish_v where_o loss_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o gain_n of_o the_o king_n from_o who_o also_o such_o yearly_a incom_n have_v their_o annual_a issue_n to_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o subject_n except_o only_o that_o part_n of_o the_o treasure_n which_o be_v lay_v up_o for_o the_o public_a good_a wherein_o likewise_o they_o who_o suffer_v have_v their_o safety_n and_o therefore_o such_o contribution_n be_v both_o just_a and_o profitable_a yet_o here_o we_o must_v confess_v that_o as_o the_o best_a thing_n may_v be_v corrupt_v so_o these_o tax_n may_v be_v abuse_v and_o the_o common_a wealth_n notorious_o wrong_v when_o they_o be_v vain_o waste_v and_o consume_v by_o a_o prince_n either_o upon_o unworthy_a worthy_a person_n such_o as_o deserve_v neither_o reward_n nor_o countenance_n