others Adam chapter V verse 3 Adam lived to the 243 year of Methuselah Seth Seth was borne in the 130 th year of Adams age And so likely soone after the murder of Abel by Cain In which space of near 130 years so many might be borne as might justly occasion that speech of guilty Cain Every one that findeth me shall slay me Enoch Enoch lived so many years before his Translation verse 23 as we have dayes in our year viz. 365. And his Prophecie mentioned Jude v. 14 15. is not intimated in the Old Testament Methuselah Methuselah lived to the 98 year of Shem. verse 27 Methuselah Methuselah the longest liver verse 27 died in the beginning of the year of the Flood as appears by the Chronology of the times and years of those ten Patriarchs Ch. V. and VII 6. Noah Of Noah's sonnes verse 32 Japhet was the eldest Shem the second and C ham the youngest Gen. VII 1. and IX 24. and X. 21. and XI 10. Shem Shem was two years younger then Japhet verse 32 Ch. V. 32. and VII I. and Ch. XI 10. and lived to the fiftieth year of Isaac And so Shem is the onely person in Scripture that lived to see his posterity of the tenth generation And seemes to be Melchizedech Gen. XIV 18. Heb. VII I. c. These 120 years verse 3 c. VI. 3. begin 20 years before Noah had any children Cubits Of Cubits chapter VI verse 15 which measure the Ark see my Annotations on Ezek. XL. 5. Flood These 150 dayes c. chapter VII verse 24 VII 24. from the begnning of the Flood on the second moneth 17 day c. VII 11. to the Resting of the Ark on the seventh moneth 17 day XIII 4. do shew those moneth to consist of 30 dayes apiece And the number of the moneths cannot be doubted of Here is mention made of the 1 2 7 10. Which shews the year to differ little from ours now Noah Noah lived 950 years chapter IX verse 29 c. IX 29. being born in the 1056 year of the World and dying in the year 2006. two years before Abraham was born He so lived to see his children or posterity of the ninth generation Iles Iles are taken chapter X verse 6 not onely for Ilands properly compassed about with Sea or water but for Countreys also lying on the Sea-coasts as Jer. XXV 22. Ezek. XXXVII 3 15. Esay XX. 6. And sometimes for Ilands likewise being remote and transmarine parts as Esay XLII 1 5. and XLII 4 10. and XLIX 1. and LI. 5. and LX. 9. Babel See my observations on Dan. verse 10 IV. 30. Sidon Sidon in Hebrew Tsidon verse 19 called the great City Josh. XI 8. and Ch. XIX 28. Ancienter by much then Tyre See my Annotations on Zech. IX 2. Arphaxad Mans life halfed chapter XI verse 13 or thereabouts at the time of the flood XI 11. c. compared with Ch. V. And again shortened about another half at the building of the Tower of Babel X. 25. and XI 19. And well-nigh the third time between the times of Abraham and Moses XXV 7. Psal. XC 10. Abram Abram borne verse 26 not in the 70 but in the 130. year of Terah Gen. XI 32. and XII 4. Acts VII 4. Ur Ch. XI 31 32. verse 31 and Acts VII 2 3 4. shew Ur to be in Mesopotamia and Abram to be called there And after Terahs death at Haran then he had a new Call Gen. XII 1. And else the Hebrew Perasha upon Terahs death Ch. XI 32. had been unfit Egypt Egypt chapter XII verse 10 In Hebrew Mitzrajim or Misraim So called from the sonne of Ham of that name Gen. X. 6. whence also it is called the Land of Ham Psal. CV 27. and CVI. 22. It is called also Rahab Esay LI. 9. from her pride and power Esay XXX 7. Ezek. XXX 6. It is the ancientest Kingdom that we read of except it be the Kingdome of Assyria by Cush the other sonne of Ham Gen. X. 8. 12. The Kings of Egypt mentioned in Scripture are Pharaoh which after seemes to be a common name to their Kings as Ptolomie whence Bartholomew that is Bar-Ptolomie the son of Ptolomie was to them in the times of the Macedonian or Greekish divided Empire or many Pharaohs as in the dayes of Abraham Gen. XII 15. Of Jacob and Joseph Gen. XXXVII 36. and Ch. XLI 1. and XLVI 5. L. 4. Of Moses Exod. I. 11. and Ch. XVIII 10. Heb. XI 24. Of Solomon 1 King III. 1. Shishak is the name of the King of Egypt in Solomons time and in Rehoboams time 1 King XI 40. and Ch. XIV 25. 2. Chron. XII 2 9. So a Kings name of Egypt in Hoshea's time 2 King XVII 4. Pharaoh in Ezekiah's time 2 King XVIII 21. Pharaoh Necho deemed to be the sonne of Psammetichus in Josias his time and in Jehojakims time 2 King XXIII 29. and Ch. XXIV 7. Jer. XLVI 2. Pharaoh and Pharaoh-Hophra in Zedekiahs and in the Prophet Ezekiels time Jer. XXXVII 5 7 11. and XLIV 30 Ezek. XXIX 2 3. and Ch. XXX 21. and Ch. XXXI 2. and Ch. XXXII 2 31. Sarai Sarai fair verse 11 and the more accounted so going among the Egyptians XII 11 12. And she the onely woman whose whole age is recorded in Scripture XXIII 1. That Prophetical promise chapter XV verse 13 Gen. XV. 13. makes not the Israelites to be 400 years in Egypt But rather is thus rightly understood That Abrahams Seed that is Isaac and Jacob should be strangers in a Land that was not theirs that is in Canaan 190 years from the birth of Isaac to Jacobs going down into Egypt XXV 26. and XLVII 9. And Jacobs posterity were strangers in Egypt from his going down thither till their bringing forth by Moses 210 years not 400 years there Moses himself being the sonne of Jochebed the daughter of Levi Num. XXVI 59. and grandchilde of Kohath And Levi and Koath went down into Egypt with Jacob XLVI 11. And Machir the sonne of Manasseh And Jair the grandchilde of Hezrom living in Moses his time Num. XXXII 40 41. And Achan the third from Zarah living in Joshuahs time Josh. VII 1. 18. 1 Chron. II. 6 7. And thus 190 and 210 make up those 400 years in this Prophetical promise mentioned And the Samaritan Bible or Text here and the LXX in Exod. XII 40. do thus declare this point though their insertion and addition there be of their own minde and meaning and no part of the sacred Text. Name Names changed chapter XVII verse 5 as Abrams and Sarai's here so Jacobs Josephs Naomies Pashurs and others See the Annotations on Esay LXII 4. and on Jer. XXIII 6. and XXXIII 16. Abram Abram signifies an high or lofty Father Abraham a Father of a great multitude He is called The Friend of God 2 Chron. XX. 7. Esay XLI 8. Jam. II. 23. Sarai Sarai signifies my Lady verse 15 or my Princesse Sarah a Lady or Princesse without restriction The Title being
between the two rivers Tygris and Euphrates and the countreys adjacent ch 11. 2. V. 11. Out of the land went forth Ashur He Shents sonne v. 22. went out of Shinar by Nimrods invasion and built Nineveh and gave the name to the Assyrian Monarchy Or else Nimrod inlarging his Conquests and Dominions went from Shinar to Ashur and built Nineveh V. 12. The same is a great city Not Calah but Nineveh Jonah 1. 2. 3. 2. 3. 4. 11. specially in the Prophet Jonahs time who lived in the dayes of Jeroboam the second the son of Joash 2 Kings 14. 25. 14. Out of whom came Philistiim The Philistines not of the off-spring of Canaan but expelling some of them made roome for themselves in part of the land of Canaan Amos 9. 7. Jer. 47. 4. V. 15. And Heth Whence come the Hittites ch 23. 3 5 7 10. Girgasite Mat. 8. 28 34. Gadarenes Luke 8. 26. V. 16. Jebusite 2 Sam. 5. 6. 1 Chron. 11. 4. V. 19. The border of the Canaanites Set down particularly because it was promised to Abraham and his seed the Israelites V. 20. These are the sounes of Ham Many more of them are set down here then either of Shem or of Japheth But most likely it is that all these children or Grand-children of Shem Cham and Japheth are not here set down but only such as were famous and by their several Plantations gave names to several Nations descending from their loines V. 21. Unto Shem also the father of all the children of Eber Great Grand-father to Eber yet Eber thus mentioned because of him afterwards they were called Hebrewes so Abraham ch 14. 13. so ch 40. 15. Phil. 3. 5. and so frequently of Japhet the elder Because Shem was begotten in the five hundred and second yeare of Noah's life he being one hundred yeare old two yeares after the flood ch 11. 10. Therefore Japhet was two yeare older V. 22. Elam Hence came the Elamites or Persians Acts 2. 9. Aram From him came the Aramites Syrians There is Padan-Aram ch 25. 20. Aram-Naharaim ch 24. 10. Aram-Dammesek 2 Sam. 8. 5 6. Araâ—-Zobah Psal. 60. tit Aram Maachah 1 Chron. 19. 6. Aram-Beth-Rehob 2 Sam. 10 6. all these being several Provinces of Syria V. 23. Uz Job 1. 1. There dwelt the Edomites or the Idumeans Lam. 4. 21. V. 25. For in his dayes was the earth divided About the time of his birth was the division of tongues at the building of Babel which occasioned their dispersion into several parts of the earth for habitation And the language before used of all continuing in Eber the father of Peleg might occasion his posterity to be distinguished from all others by the name of Hebrewes V. 29. Ophir From this mans land in India it is likely Solomons ships fetched fine gold 2 Chron. 9. 10. called also gold of Parvaim 2 Chron. 3. 6. This is supposed to be in Havilah near Ophir See the Tree in the beginning of Speeds Genealogies CHAP. XI Ver. 1. OF one language Since the flood no doubt Whether the Hebrew language which was Adams continued the same among all men for the space of one thousand six hundred fifty six yeares before the flood may be more questionable And it came to passe One hundred yeares after the flood v. 10 11 12 13 14. and ch 10. 25. V. 2. They journeyed Nimrod and his company Not Noah Shem Arphaxad Salah Eber and their godly posterities from the East Likely from about the mountaines of Ararat which parts are much North-eastward from Shinar or Chaldea or Mesopotamia Or from other Easterne parts Shinar Containes Babylon Mesâ—potamia and the Countries adjacent foure Cities afterwards built there by Nimrod ch 10. 10. V. 3. Slime A pitchy slime V. 4. Unto Heaven An Hyperbole for the chief haply to escape another flood lest we be scattered Lest this company be the sooner dispersed Or when by multiplication they should in after-times be scattered yet this might remaine as an honourable monument and memorial of their former co-habitation V. 6. And now nothing Ironically as ch 3. 22. V. 7. Let us go down See ch 1. 26. God speaks of himself after the manner of men for mans better understanding A while he suffered them to go on in building and confound their language The number of the several languages now made is uncertain V. 8. Scattered them The thing they sought to prevent by their proud project v. 4. God for it brings upon them presently V. 10. Generations of Shem Those ch 10. 22 c. were without any mention of the age of the Patriarchs descended from him when they begat their eldest sonnes or those by whom the holy line is drawn and of whom our Saviour descended And if they had been passed over so the Chronology of the world had beed lost But now here they are resumed and the chaine of Chronology carefully continued And as there were ten Patriarchs before the flood counting in Noah so there are ten after the flood from Shem to Abraham inclusively The yeares of the world in the former ten to the six hundredth yeare of Noah when the flood came amounted to the number of 1656. The years from the flood which was in the ninety eighth yeare of Shems age to the birth of Abram the tenth Patriarch after the flood came but to the number of three hundred fifty two yeares For mans age was shortened about the half at the time of the flood And again shortened about the half in Pelegs time at the building of Babel And yet the third time shortened somewhat near the half in the time of Nahor as may be seen and observed in the ages of the Patriarchs at their deaths in this chapter Arphaxad The third son of Shem 1 Chron. 1. 17. V. 12. Arphaxad begat Salah Betwixt these is inserted Cainan as the sonne of Arphaxad and father of Salah Luke 3. 35 36. which would break the chaine of Chronology and leave unknown the age of the world The LXX-Translation hath here in Genesis put in that Cainan And that Translation was much more known much more in use in publick Synagogues in private Libraries and Houses in our Saviours time then the Authentical Hebrew Text was yea thereupon the Holy Writers of the New Testament in their quotations out of the Old Testament do follow much the said Translation even with some variation from the Hebrew Text though not in any material thing as the learned well know This may seem to occasion St. Luke in this of Cainan to follow the LXX Translation though he knew that this Cainan was never in the world condescending so to the times and weakness of men therein lest otherwise he might have given occasion of offence or rather they have taken it V. 22. Nahor The first idolater of the line ch 31. 53. Josh. 24. 2. And so after him were Terah and Abraham till God called him out of that place chap. 11. 31. 12. 1. Rom. 4. 2 5. V. 26.
Bethel Putting him in minde of his promise and vow there made by him and accepted by God thus approving the name it self and his service there vowed ch 28. 18 19 22. now arise Without delay V. 14. Rachel and Leah The younger first named as the best beloved and who should have been the elder wise So Ruth 4. 11. V. 15. Strangers Dealt with us as strangers rather then children hath sold us To thee for fourteen yeares service our money What we might have had in money or mony worth for thy fourteen years service being our husband whereas in good conscience he should have given us that as our portion he hath converted it to his own use And should he do so with the wages God hath given thee for us and our children for thy last six yeares service also V. 16. Whatsoever God hath said This is a binding reasun which answers all doubts and secures against all after-claps V. 18. To go to Isaac By the way he stayed about six yeares at Succoth and at Shalem a City of Shechem till Dinah was marriageable who came from Laban at six or seven yeares of age ch 30. 21. 33. 18. 34. 1. After he stayed at Bethel but not long notwithstanding Gods command for his dwelling there ch 35. 1. as appears by the birth of Benjamin by the way when he left Bethel ch 35 16 17 18. and the number of Benjamins children when they all went down into Egypt ch 46. 21. Joseph being then fourty yeares old and Benjamin but twenty seven though he were borne within a yeare after Dinahs ravishing nor doth it appear that Jacob stayed long about the tower of Edar before he came to Isaac to Mamre ch 35. 21 22 23 27. V. 19. Rachel had stollen the images Teraphim Laban calls them his gods his houshould-gods â—deos penates v. 30. Images likely in the shape of men 1 Sam. 19. 13 16. where the word plural Teraphim signifies one image used in divine worship by idolaters Judg. 17 5. 18. 14 17 20 Hos. 3. 4. consulted withal as Oracles Ezech. 21. 21. Zech. 10. 2. as Ahaziah did with Beelzebub 2 King 1. 2. put down by Josiah and other godly Kings 2 Kings 23. 24. V. 21. The river Euphrates Josh. 24. 2 3. Gilead Ag eat mountain or tract of mountaines Eastward of Jordan running through the Kingdomes of Sihon and Og the tribes two 1 2 Deut. 3. 12. and having in several parts several names as Gilead Seir Hermon and Libanus the countrey under it very fertile called the land of Gilead Jer. 22. 6. 8. 22. 46. 11. Gen. 37. 25. Numb 32. 1. Here called Gilead by Anticipation See v. 47. V. 22. The third day Ch. 30. 36. 31. 19. Labans fact proved Jacobs advantage Job 5. 12 13. V. 23. Seven dayes journey From the time he set forward in his pursuit three days of Jacobs journey were spent ere Laban knew of it Likely three dayes more in his return from his sheep-shearing to his home and in preparing Then these seven dayes in pursuit were twice swifter and gained more way then Jacob could in his slow pace chap. 33. 14. This then is the thirteenth day of Jacobs journey V. 24. And God came So ch 20. 3 7. Numb 22. 9. take heed A commination and rebuke v. â—9 42. either good or bad V. 29. Not simply but to this end to bring him back again or hinder him in his journey or any way to hurt him as is the present intent of thy pursuit 2 Sam. 13. 22. V. 26. As captives They went willingly ver 14 15 16. V. 27. Sent thee away with mirth He had no such minde then nor willingly now but as God over-powered him V. 28. To kisse A Ceremony used both at meering and parting ch 29. 11. 27. 26. Exod. 4. 27. Gen. 31. 55. 33. 4. Ruth 1. 14. 2 Sam. 14. 33. foolishly Jacob did it wisely and that Laban himselfe knew V. 29. It is in the power A vain brag like Pilates John 19. 10 11. V. 30. Stollen my gods Vanity of idolatry and idolaters that their gods can be stollen gods plurally is spoken of one image Ex. 32 8. And so Teraphim plurally signifies somtimes one image 1 Sam. 19. 13. 16. Though Jacob was twenty yeares with Laban yet Laban continued an idolater Not thinking yet those Teraphims to be gods but that he worshipped God in them by them and with them V. 32. Let him not live A severe judgement proceeding from confidence of innocency uttered in detestation of theft but much more of idolatry yet done more rashly then wisely when he extended it beyond the innocency of his own person V. 33. Tent Each sort had several tents See Annot. on ch 23. 2. V. 35. The custome of women Lev. 15. 19. V. 36. Wroth and chode Be angry but sin not Eph. 4. 26. upon just cause whence innocency is slandered V. 37. May judge Lay the blame where it is due V. 39. I bear the losse of it Though against the rule of right Exod. 22 10 13. V. 40. Thus I was Labans iniquity drives Jacob to praise and justifie himself So 1 Cor. 15. 10. 2 Cor. 11. 1. Hos. 12. 12. Deut. 26. 5. V. 41. Ten times V 7 8. V. 42. The feare of Isaac V. 53. ch 27. 33. 32 9â— Psal. 76. 11. Esay 8. 13. As elsewhere called the Hope of Israel yesternight V. 24. V. 43. And all that thou seest is mine 1 Kings 20 3. A brag as if Jacob had nothing by desert from Laban or gift from God and what can I do As if he should say I cannot hurt them but I must hurt my self But why did he then so pursue surely not to make this ensuing Covenant it was not his minde then Jacob may thank God for all who had thus bridled if not altered Laban V 44. A Covenant Ch. 21. 32. V. 45. A stone Heap of stones v. 46 48 51. as chap. 28. 19. a pillar A Monument of the Covenant V. 46. Brethren gather stones Jacob speaks to his own family and Labans too v. 51. did eat there upon the heap After the Covenant made v. 54. V. 47. Jegar-Sahadutha In Labans Syrian language â— Galced The same in Jacobs Hebrew language Hence likely the mountain and countrey took the name of Gilead V. 48. This heap is a witnesse A signe memo rial which may be alledged in after-times as a witnesse Galeed Therefore by anticipation so called v. 21. V. 49. Mizpah Near Mount Hermon and Lebanon Josh. 11. 3. watch-tower There were afterwards divers places of that name one in Judahs lot Josh. 15. 38. another in Benjamins Josh. 18. 26. another in Moab 1 Sam. 22. 3. V. 50. If thou shalt Implying the words of a curse as is usual in this case ch 14. 23 forbearing the expression of the words of the curse either out of feare or unwillingnesse to mention it in particular or as yielding to any curse in general if they break Promise and Covenant so ch
to the Nations for them bring or send in the Israelies that are in captivity with them or sojourne among them This typicaly and chiefly relates to the calling home of the elect of them to Christ wheresover dispersed some at one time some at another and also the maine body of the residue in his own appointed season Acts II. 41. and IV. 4. and XXI 20. Rom. XI 5 25 26. 2 Cor. III. 16. The envie also of Ephraim That had beene between them verse 13 and Judah since the rent of the Kingdomes by Jeroboam the Ephraimite 1 Kings XII was to cease when united either to other in Christ Ezek XXXVII 16. Jer. III. 18. and the adversaries of Judah shall be cut off In the time of the Messias the obstinate enemies of the Church of God shall by Christ be destroyed see chap. LX. 12. But they shall flie verse 14 c. They shall subdue these inveterate enemies the enemies of the spiritual Kingdome of Christ hereby typified the tongue of the Egyptian sea verse 15 The Prophet here promiseth from God a removal of all impediments that might hinder the Jewes in this their returne into their land This their returne shadowing out the reducing of people to the obedience of Christ and his spiritual Kingdome By this tongue there is meant the red-sea which is like a tongue the river Nilus in the seven streames By which as by so many mouths it emptieth it self into the Sea To make way for the Jewes returne from her into their own land The meaning is that no impediment or obstacle should be so great that might hinder those who were to be brought home to Christ and his Church out of all quarters but it should be removed an high way The same meaning for Assyria verse 16 as in the former verse for Egypt in that day chapter XII verse 1 Of thy returne home thou shalt say And sing these or the like Hymnes of Praise composed by the Prophet as set formes or as directories to them or both So 1 Chron. XVI 7 35 36. in that day A preface or passage into a new forme verse 4 another ditty and this in way of exhortation to others to do the like Babylon Here begin Prophecies chapter XIII verse 1 purposely against forreign States And first against Babylon that should be their principal enemy The Inscription of this Sermon is here in the first words Of Burden See Jer. XXIII 33 36. Of Babylon see my Observations on Dan. IV. 30. Of her Fall see Jer. L. and LI. And this seemes to be the seventh Sermon Lift ye up a banner To summon those that were to be imployed against Babylon verse 2 nobles The great Peeres of Babylon my sanctified ones Set apart to this service verse 3 ver 17. Jer. LI. 27 28. a far countrey Media and Persia. verse 5 whole land Of Chaldea Howle ye Babylonians their faces shall be as flames Lam. IV. verse 6 8. and V. 10. Ezek. XX. verse 8 47. Yet this here seemes to be for fear of evil yet to come See therefore that Jer. XXX 5 6. Joel II. 6. Nahum II. 10. Yet the Original word seemes to incline to the faces of Lybians or tawny-moores the stars All shall be so full of horror and terror verse 10 that the heavenly bodies may seem to have lost their light no glimps of comfort shall appeare Ophir See the Observations on 1 King verse 12 X. 11. shake the heavens I will cause them to be in such confusion and distraction verse 13 as if heaven it self were falling upon their heads and the earth moving or removing from under their feet And it shall be Babylon turne to his owne people Babylon shall be forsaken by her hired forces and confederates verse 14 found Medes and Persians Medes verse 15 Under the conduct of Cyrus and Darius verse 17 overthrew Sodom verse 19 This utter devastation of Babylon was not at once but began at the conquest of it by Cyrus and in the succeeding ages was consummated It shall never be inhabited Jer. LI. 26 verse 20. 22. 29 43. and her time is near to come Esay in vision seeth the judgements as if presently approaching or this may be taken as spoken to and for them that then should be living in the time of the captivity of the LXX years For the Lord The reason of the hastening of the destruction of Babylon chapter XIV verse 1 which is Gods mercie and compassion towards his people the deliverance of whom depended upon Babylons destruction strangers shall be joyned See the like ch 5. XLIV and LVI 3. and LX. 3. Esther VIII 17. Psal. XLVII 8 9. This partly accomplished at their returne from Babylon but more in the Kingdome of Christ by the Ministery of the Gospel possesse them These Proselites and Converts verse 2 take them captive c. Partly verified in the time of the Maccabees literaly but most of all spiritualy by the means and ministery of the Apostles and Preachers subduing them to the obedience of Christs Scepter this Proverb Or by-word verse 4 or taunting speech Here the Prophet continues the denunciation of the destruction of Babylon the King i. e. the Kingdome O Lucifer Meaning the Babylonian verse 12 the mount of the Congregation Mount Sion verse 13 or mount Moriah being in the North-side of Jerusalem 2 Chron. III. 1. Psal. XLVIII 2. that opened not the house of his prisoners But kept them LXX verse 17 years in captivity Prepare slaughter Esay speaks to the Medes and Persians verse 21. 23. 25. for the bitterne See chap. XIII 21 22. that I will break the Assyrian in my land Rather as in breaking the Assyrian in my land Sennacheribs overthrow it seemes was before this And it is brought in as an argument and example to prove that as God had done that one so he would as certainly do the other that is overthrow Babylon in its time In the yeare that King Ahaz died Here begins another Sermon verse 28 or Prophecie And might well be the beginning of another Chapter Chap. VI. did beare the date of the death of Uzziah This of the death of Ahaz Palestina Meaning here the Westerne part of Jury that was inhabited by the Philistines verse 29 Of the Philistines see my Annotations on Zech. IX 6. The Babylonians were the greatest enemies to the Jews farthest off The Philistines were their greatest enemies nearest at hand because the rod c. This is meant of King Uzziah who prevailed much in his wars against them 2 Chron. XXVI 6 7. But in Ahaz his reigne the state and strength of the Jews was much weakened whereat the Philistines did much rejoyce But Esay biddeth them not to be overjoyed for it should not last long a cockatrice Ezekiah 2 Kings XVIII 8. and his fruit shall be a fiery flying Serpent The Serpents fruit shoul be a cockatrice yea more then so a fiery flying Serpent And the first-borne of the poore The extremely poore verse 30 as
the Jewes at that time were shall feed Freely fully and quietly without fear of the Philistines when they should want and famish and he shall slay thy remnant A remnant still reserved of Gods people in his fearfulest judgements But not a remnant leâ—t here by Ezekiah to the Philistines or at least a slaughter was among that remnant For Jeremy Ezekiel and Zephanie all after Ezekiahs dayes do againe denounce judgements against them thou whole Palestina As thou whole Palestina didst rejoyce before verse 31 verse 29. so thy dread and desolation shall be now as general and universal from the North Judea and Jerusalem that stood North-East from the Philistines a smoak Ezekiahs forces and none shall be alone in his appointed times Or Assemblies Ezekiah's forces should come against them in flocks at his set times and places for their randezvous Or none of the Philistines should care or endure to stay in their meeting places and strong holds when Ezekiahs forces should as smoak break in upon them What shall one then answer To any messengers in general verse 32 that upon any occasion shall come to Jerusalem of Moab Of Moab chapter XV verse 1 see the Annotations on Amos II. 1. See Jer. XLVIII wherein are many passages found borrowed from hence because Relates the destruction and devastations of some of their chief Cities and principal parts of their Countrey together with the Moabites distraction and vaine devotions thereupon flocking unto their Idols who could do them no good is laid waste The usual maner of Prophetical language And this was done at several times by Shalmanezer Sennacherib and Nebuchadnezzar Of which see more on chap. XVI 14. an heifer of three years old Ier. XLVIII 34. as an heifer of three years old i. e. such shall the criers or the cry be shall they carry away The enemies shall verse 5 to the brook of the willows Some place in Moab verse 7 there to share it and thence to carry it into Assyria Send ye the Lamb The tribute due to the Ruler of the Land The King of Iudah chapter XVI verse 1 Ezekiah of Davids race See 2 Sam. VIII 2. Moab subdued by David After the division of the Kingdomes it fell to Israel After the death of Ahab it rebelled 2 Kings I 1. and ch III. ver 4 5. and so denied the tribute whereupon Iâ—horam with the assistance of King Iehoshaphat and the King of Edom makes that warre against Moab 1 Kings III. 7 9. Here the Prophet seemes to admonish Moab what course she should take and might have taken for the prevention of the judgements here denounced against her to wit by paying their due tribute to the King of Iudah And by performing kind offices unto Gods people in the times specially of their distresse verse 3 4. Wherein failing they are again menaced with the judgements before mentioned verse 7 13. And a certain time set for the execution of the same verse 14. from Sela in the wildernesse Or as some to the wildernesse unto the account Where the King had his palace at the fords of Arnon Which bounded their Countrey on the one side verse 2 Num. XXI 13. consumed out of the land Of Judah verse 4 As indeed Sennacherib was And therefore the performance of the kinde offices oi the Moabites to the Jewes should not last long or be over-burdensome the throne Of Judah verse 5 and he shall sit Ezekiah the Type Christ the Truth and hastening justice Without needlesse delayes his lies shall not be so All his haughty and wrathful thoughts verse 6 shall not take such effect as in the pride of his heart he imagineth his Sanctuarie The Temple of his chief idol Chemosh verse 12 1 Kings XI 7. Jer. XLVIII 46. since that time That this judgement past upon Moab verse 13 was first revealed to the Prophet That which followeth ver 14. being added afterwards thereunto within three years Most likely thus verse 14 Conceiving this prophecie and denunciation to have beene delivered about the fourteenth or fifteenth year of Ezekiah then it took effect about the eighteenth or nineteenth year of his reigne and was put in execution by Ezarhaddon the Assyrian King Though the utter and final destruction of Moab here before denounced and by Jeremy long after seconded was to be executed by Nebuchadnezzar That which was speedily effected helping to confirme the truth of the former denunciation though that were to take effect long after Yet some conceive this to be done by Ezarhaddon in the tenth Of Hezekiah Others by Shalmanezer in his way as he came to besiege Samaria Damascus of Damascus chapter XVII verse 1 Annotations on Amos I. 3 4. The like burden against Damascus see chap. XLIX 23. Amos I. 2. Zech. IX 1. is taken away This was partly effected by Tiglath-pilezar 2 King XVI 9. and after by Shalmaneser and after by Nebuchadnezzar the glory of Iacob shall be made thin Of Israel the ten Tribes verse 4 At that day c. verse 7 The residue of Gods people refined and reformed by these forementioned calamities shall then abandon their idols and seek unto God Which they left for the children of Israel The enemy left verse 9 God so disposing things out of his gracious affection to his people plant Curiously verse 10 but the harvest For all thy curious planting and sowing the harvest shall be an heap ruined spoyled destroyed Woe to the multitude of many people Those forces that Sennacherib led against Gods people verse 12 See chap. XXX 28. and XXXVI and XXXVII that served under him and they shall flee farre off So did Sennacherib chap. verse 13 XXXI 9. at evenintide trouble In Jerusalem verse 14 before morning he is not Most slaine by the Angel and the rest fled This is the portion A sweet Close A new Sermon or Prophecie chapter XVIII verse 1 But very obscure and full of various interpretations Woe Some sense this as if it were a Compellation Ho. Shadowing with wings Meaning Egypt say some Ethiopia say others beyond the rivers of Ethiopia The rivers and streames of Nilus above in Ethiopia South of Egypt where Meroe a chief Island say some Others understand it of the rivers of Ethiopia not above but under Egypt And they there do place Meroe where they conceive the Queen Candace reigned That sendeth Ambassadors Some say verse 2 The Ethiopians send them and namely Tirhakah Others the Egyptians send them by the Sea The Red-Sea Go ye swift The words of Tirhakah say some Of the Egyptians say others a Nation scattered The Assyrians say some Tirhakah so provoking them to warre and battel The Ethiopians say others the Egyptians thus warning them of their ruine approaching by the Assyrians And a third sort would understand by this scattered peeled terrible Nation the Israelites a Nation meted out and trodden down The Ethiopians were such and so here to be entreated and used But they that understand hereby the Assyrians or the Israelites either render
VII 8. 2 Sam. XV. 30. Job IX 24. Ezek. XII 6 12. Eliakim Invested verse 20 after the devesting of Shebna they shall hang upon him As things are wont to be hanged on a pin verse 24 his fathers house the off-spring and the issue All his kindred and allies as well small as great shall partake of his honour one way or other Or there should be nothing in the Kings house but should be under his power and have dependance on him fastened in a sure place As Shebna accounted himself to be verse 25 â—e cut downe Meaning Shebna Tyre Of Tyre See the Observations on Josh. XIX 29. And the Annotations on Amos I. 9. See the like Prophecies against this Towne and State Ier. XXV 22. and XLVII 4. Ezek. XXVI XXVII XXVIII chapters Amos II. 9. Zech. IX 2 4. Tarshish Of this see the Observations on 1 Kings X. chapter XXIII verse 1 22. from the Land of Chittim it is revealed to them It is revealed and the report is come unto them that formerly traded with Tyre how it fared with her that she is sacked so that now all harbour in Tyre or entrance into it is denied unto them Who these of the land of Chittim should be there are variable conjectures but little certainty inhabitants of the Isle Ye verse 2 Tyrians the seed of Sihor Tyre described here verse 3 by her traffick with Egypt as formerly with Sidon See Ezek. XXVII 7. By the great waters of the midland Sea the graine of Egypt and all the trade and commodities of it of Sihor that is Nilus were brought to Tyre Of this Sihor or Shichor and that it is Nilus see the large Annotations upon this Text. the Sea hath spoken Tyre verse 4 The Lord of Hoasts hath purposed it By his Agents to do it verse 9 By Nebuchadnezzar who spent thirteen years in the siege of it as Josephus against Appion lib. 1. doth testifie And by Alexander the Great long after in his rage as Curtius in his fourth Book IV. Chapter doth witnesse He The Lord. verse 11 Behold the Land of the Chaldeans This is verse 13 or shall be brought to ruine And therefore it is not impossible but Tyre may be so in that day Wherein Tyres calamities here foretold shall be accomplished by Nebuchadnezzar Ezek. verse 15 XXVI 7. seventy years During the same time of the Jewes captivity in Babylon dayes of one King One Kingdome as Dan. VII 17. and VIII 21. to wit in the dayes and reignes of Nebuchadnezzar and his sonne and his sonnes sonne Jer. XVII 7. sing as an harlot To renew her lovers her traders and traffickers turne to her hire Of trading and traffick with all the Kingdomes The amplitude of her commerce and trade ver 8. Holinesse to the Lord The conversion of the Tyrians to God verse 18 in the Kingdome of the Messias it shall not be treasured nor laid up Not reserved for any common or prophane use publike or private for themselves or their posterity that dwell before the Lord The Lords Ministers for their plentiful maintenance in food and clothing the earth empty Another Sermon or Prophecie chapter XXIV verse 1 continuing to the end of Chapter XXVII This is more General then those going before And comprehends Judea and the neighbouring Nations on every side And the judgements herein denounced to be executed partly by the Assyrians and partly by the Chaldeans and afterwards also by others upon them See the like Jer. XXV 15 38. and XXVII 2 8. as with the people c. All estates verse 2 and conditions should fare alike is defiled The reason of the former denunciations verse 5 The new wine He proceedeth in particular verse 7 to instance in some specialties of judgements The Citie Taken collectively as verse 10 chap. XXV 2. and XXVII 10. every house is shut up So as there is no going out or in as the shaking of an Olive-tree Few shall be left verse 13 yet this remnant shall be to praise the Lord ver 14. from the Sea The transmarine lands verse 14 and Sea-coasts in general God in the fires In the fires of tribulations verse 15 glorifie God by patient sufferings and depending upon him for deliverances uttermost The generality of the joy of this Remnant left verse 16 my leannesse my leannesse The Prophet breaks off here his relation of the gladsome joy and praises of the foresaid Remnant And falls into a passionate bemoaning of himself and regret for the miseries that were the mean while for their sins to befal the others the windows from on high are opened Gods vengeance surprizing them verse 18 both from above and from beneath as well over their heads as under their feet and as no shelter for them against the one so no steady standing for them against the other To amplifie which hyperbolies are here used the hoast of the high ones Such as the Assyrian verse 21 and Chaldean Monarchs were and after many dayes shall they be visited In favour and mercy verse 22 Verified of sundry States and Nations in the Gospel-times under the Messias Then the Moone c. Esay closeth this first part verse 23 after his wonted manner with a passage concerning the spiritual yet illustrious glory and majesty of Gods reigning in his Church in the times of the Gospel the brightnesse and splendor whereof should be such as no light of Sunne or Moone no glory or magnificence of any worldly estate should be comparable thereunto O Lord chapter XXV verse 1 c. Esay falleth into a solemne celebration and praising of God for his foresaid wonderful works as well of judgement as of mercy the Citie Collectively verse 3 of the terrible Nations That were a terrour to others shall then stand in awe of thee when the blast Even in times of most need verse 4 and greatest dangers And in this mountain Mount Zion verse 6 a Type of the Church unto all people As well Gentiles as Jewes wines on the lees Pure and strong wines The face of the covering That ignorance and obstinacy verse 7 wherewith the minds and hearts of the Gentiles were formerly possessed veil 2 Cor. III. 14 16. death The second benefit accrewing to the convert Nations verse 8 a freeing them from the power of death of death spiritual in victorie Or unto victory i. e. until an utter conquest be made of him So the LXX which the Apostle retaineth 1 Cor. XV. 54 because the sense is good and sound though it do not exactly render the letter for the Hebrew is for ever wipe away A third benefit accrewing to the godly converted ones fulfilled partly in this life and perfectly in the next Shall be said Their thankful and joyful acknowledgement for those his mercies and favours verse 9 For A reason of their rejoycing and triumphing verse 10 in this mountain Verse 6 7. Moab Put for the enemies of Gods people in general And he The Lord. verse 11 Swimmeth Stretcheth out his armes with
be sprinkled seven times before the Lord before the vaile of the Sanctuary And then some of it to be put upon the hornes of the Altar of sweet incense before the Lord and the rest of the blood to be poured out at the bottome of the Altar of the burnt-offering as in the sin-offering of the Holy Priest Levit 4. v. 5 6 7. And of the whole Congregation ch 4. v. 16 17 18. Sometimes it was to be put upon the tip of the right eare and upon the thumb of the right hand and upon the great toe of the right foot and some of the blood upon the Altar was to be sprinkled upon the garments as Moses did at the consecration of Aaron and his sonnes Levit. 8. 23 24 30. all which was typical and ceremonial In summe it was given upon the Altar to make an atonement for soules for it is the blood that maketh an atonement for the soule Lev. 17. 11. and almost all things are by the Law purged with blood and without shedding of blood is no remission Heb. 9. 22. But with them blood was never at any time or upon any occasion to be eaten Lev. 7. 26 27. 1 Sam. 14. 32 33 34. And the Apostles make a decree for the forbearance of eating things strangled and blood Acts 15. 20. yet now the ceremonial Law being expired and the restraint in this text not so clear and full or not reaching to all people in all ages out of the case of scandal which occasioned the Apostles necessary 1 Cor. 8. 13. though temporary decree I see no necessity enforcing the contrary but that Christians may use their Christian liberty knowing that to the pure all things are pure that meat commends us not to God that whatsoever is sold in the shambles that we may eat asking no question for conscience sake V. 5. And surely your blood of your lives Your life-blood The reason of the former prohibition Of every beast Exod. 21. 28. mans brother All men are brethren Act. 17. 26. V. 6. Whoso sheddeth Wittingly and wilfully Numb 35. 31. else Cities of Refuge weee appointed as may be seen Numb 35. 11 15 22 23. Deut. 29. 3 6. by man Magistrate Revenger of blood Numb 35. 19 21 27. for in the image This reason sheweth death to be due for murther before the flood and from the beginning though God extraordinarily suffered Cain to live a life likely worse then death as a spectacle of his wrath all his age To deny the legal and military use of the sword to Christians is an Anabaptistical faucie V. 10. And with every living creature For mans sake for whom they were made and in the flood for his sin destroyed V. 11. All flesh No universal deluge though particular countreys may be drowned by the waters of a flood Yet in the end by fire 2 Pet. 3. 7 10. the earth As ch 6. 11. V. 13. My bowe Wittily say some bended upwards and withoâ—t any arrow in it This was in the clouds before naturally But now significatively instituted to this use to be a token of this Covenant for the assurance of the truth and performance of it and Gods oath annexed to it Esay 54. 9. V. 14. When I bring a cloud At sometimes V. 18. And Ham is the father of Canaan So againe v. 22. To imply the reason why Canaan is cursed v. 25 26 27. And that the Israelites who in Moses time and after were commanded to root them out might know that they were of an accursed race and off-spring V. 20. Began In the new world a new beginner yet some yeares after the flood V. 21. Uncovered Likely wearing long and loose garments without breeches As likely David did when Michal mocked him 2 Sam. 6. 20. To prevent which linnen breeches were commanded to Priests Exod. 28. 42. Ezech. 44. 19. and Gods Altar was to be builded without steps Exod. 20. 26. V. 22. And told He should have concealed it from his brethren and covered it himself V. 24. And knew Upon enquiry or otherways by relation or revelation V. 25. Said Prophetically both in his cursing and blessing by warrant of Gods Spirit V. 25. Cursed be Canaan Not naming Cham. But shewing thereby the curse to be entailed on him and on Canaan his fourth sonne ch 10. 6. then borne and haply a Partner in his fathers sinne and on his posterity after him Prov. 30. 17. a servant of servants Thus fore-doom'd to a most servile slavish estate and condition This most seen long after in the Gibeouites Josh. 9. 21. and in the Canaanites As the blessing on Japhet was long after fulfilled when the Gentiles became Christians V. 26. Blessed be the Lord God of Shem Shem blessed because God is called his God Psal. 144. 15. He named before Japheth his elder brother in covering his fathers nakednesse v. 23. and Canaan shall be his servant So to Chadorâ—aomeâ—â— of Shems progeny being King of Elam ch 14. 1 4 c. and ch 10. 22. so in the times of Joshuah Judges and Kings of Judah and Israel V. 27. In the tents of Shem In the Church become Converts and Christians Eph. 2. 13 14 19. 3. 6. even when Shems posterity the natural branches was much out off Rom. 11. 11. and Canaan shall be his servant Alexander the Great and the Romanes subdued them V. 29. And he died living almost to the birth of Abram CHAP. X. Verse 1. JAphet He is renowned in the ancient Greek Writers called Iupetos V. 2. Madai Of him the Medes Javan Of him the countrey Ionia the Grecians V. 5. Isles Properly or improperly such countreys whereto the Jewes from their land could not passe but by shipping the Province of Europe here meant every one after his tongue As it fell out after that division of tongues ch 11. 9. V. 6 Cush Cushians or the Ethiopians near the Arabian sea Mizraim Egyptians Mizraim in the Old Testament is alwayes called Egypt in the New Testament V. 7. Seba Whence came the West-African-Ethiopians and likely the Queen of Shebah 1 King 10. 1. called the Queen of the South coming from the uttermost parts of the earth Matth. 12. 42. And the Eâ—nuch of Candacâ— Acts 8. 27. Havilah In Arabiah V. 8. And Cush begat Nimrod Reserved here to the last place because Moses meant to speak most of him a mighty one Usurped by violence a more imperious Power and Government then formerly was used and enlarged his dominions V. 9. A mighty Hunter Hunter of men Tyrants and Oppressors are called Hunters Jer. 16. 16. before the Lord Openly without feare of God V. 10. Babel ch 11. 9. Semiramis then the wife of Ninus sonne to this Nimrod or Belus as profane Authors have it founded not this City but repaired it After Nimrods time it seems the seat of that Monarchy being the first was translared to Nineveb in Assyria Micah 5. 6. And after many ages Babylon rebuilt by Nebuchadnezzar Dan. 4. 30. Shinar Comprehending Mesopotamia situate
that God is ignorant of what is in man but to make it the better known to himself and others So Exod. 15. 25. 16. 4. Deut. 8. 2 16. 13. 3. Indeed God and Satan may both have an hand in one and the same tentation as in Davids numbring the people 2 Sam. 24. 1â— 1 Chron. 21. 1. But to far different ends both Satan and wicked men tempted our Saviour often in the Gospels with an evil minde to an evil end And the sinful Israelites are said often to tempt God by making doubt and trial of his presence Providence Wisdome Power and so by unbelief and murmurings tempting and provoking him to wrath And so Ananias and Sapphira tempted the Spirit of the Lord. And Paul gives the caveat that we tempt not Christ 1 Cor. 10. 9. And again tentations are taken for troubles afflictions persecutions which try the truth and strength of Gods graces in his children And so if God lead into temptation Matth. 26 13. he will with it give you the issue and outgate 1 Cor. 10. 13. Here God doth so wiâ—h Abraham in a marvellous trial of his faith and obedience V. 2. And he said In such a manner as he could not doubt but it was God and no Satanical illusion thy only sonne Isaac Only in thy family Ishmael was gone and we never read he returned but to the burial of his father ch 25. 9. And it seems at this time Abraham had not taken Keturah or had no children by her Thy only Isaac that childe of Promise Heb. 11. 18. Thy only begotton son Heb. 11. 17. namely of Sarah thy lawful wise the freeâ—woman wâ—om thou lovest Above all and that for many good reasons land of Moriah Here afterwards Solomon built the Temple 2 Chron. 3. 1. Moriah had this name afterwards upon the occasion in the fourteenth verse a burnt-offering Not that God intended he should do it But this was for trial of his rare faith and obedience and that in a most extraordinary way and manner For indeed here all that was in Abraham as a Man Father Husband Believer Professor of Religion were put to trial Heb. 11. 19. one of the mountaines It was a mountainous countrey Psal. 125 2. The mountaine or hill Sion was close by it V. 3. Rose up early It seemes the command was given in the night Here in this strange trial is his strange and ready quick obedience and went From Beer-sheba in the land of the Philistines ch 21. 31. 33 34. and v. 19. of this chapter God had told him More particularly then at first v. 2. 4 9. V. 4. The third day Either he went leisurely or some occasions might let and hinder him in his travel V. 5. Abide you here Lest they should hinder him lad The same word used of Joshuah when he was thirty yeares old ch 41. 12. and of Joseph when he was fifty three yeares old as appears in that he lived fourty yeares in the wildernesse and seventeen yeares after Moses death and his whole life was one hundred and ten Josh. 24. 29. and so of Benjamin Gen. 43. 8. when at that time he had nine or ten sons ch 46. 21. And so of Absalom at the time of his death 2 Sam. 18. 29. and come again to you He speaks this as a man astonished and amazed or in humane frailty or as Prophet as Caiaphas did John 11. 49. 50 51. not knowing or meaning what his words would bear Heb. 11. 19. and so v. 8. V. 6. And laid it upon Isaac Isaac a type of Christ in many things Christ the only Sonne of his Father Well-beloved Son in whom he is well-pleased the promised seed bore his Crosse was bound sacrificed meekly submitted being obedient unto death rose again as Isaac from the Altar V. 9. And bound Isaac Telling him no doubt at this time Gods whole command and he having only his fathers word for it yet readily submits and obeyes V. 10. To slay his sonne Heb. 11. 17 18. James 2. 21 22 23. V. 11. And the Angel Christ the Angel of the Covenant who speaks of himself as God v. 12. sweareth by himself and promiseth as God and is called Jehovah v. 16 17 18. Out of Heaven So to Hagar ch 21. 17. V. 12. Lay not thine hand Heb. 11. 19. God accepts the Will for the deed 2 Cor. 8. 12. Against idolaters sacrificing their children both Jewes and Gentiles haply upon this pretended example V. 13. Behinde him Likely that way the Angels voice sounded aram This is for the Lamb mentioned v. 7 8. This he toâ—k as sent from God 1 Pet. 1. 19. V. 14. Jehovah Jirch The Lord will see or will be seen answerable to that v. 8. Mori-Jah is of the same signification so Jehovah-Nissi Exod. 17. 15. Jehovah Shammah Ezech. 48. 35. in the Mount of the Lord it shall be seen The meaning of the proverb is that in due time and place God will help and provide for his children and they shall see it V. 16. By my self have I sworne Heb. 6. 13 14 17 18. Sometimes God doth swear by his Soul Jer. 51. 14. by his Holinesse Amos 4. 2. by his Name Jer. 44. 26. And all this is to swear by himself saith the Lord Thus saith Christ of himself In like manner Ps. 2. 7. for because Not for the merit of this prompt obedience The Promise was freely made afore ch 12. 2. 13. 16. 15. 5. 17. 2 4 5 6 16. But as an occasion of repeating and confirming the Promise finding him rightly qualified and to encourage him and others to the execution of faith and obedience V. 17. In blessing Surely under the name blessing is meant the Promise of eternal salvatation thy seed Isaacs posterity ch 21. 12. possesse the gate Ch. 24. 60. where all publick places were for consultation for judgement Job 31. 21. Deut. 22. 15. 21. 19. Amos 5 12 15. and which were the strongest fortifications The meaning is thy seed shall subject them and bring their strength and government under command their holds and cities Mat 16. 18. V. 18. In thy seed Christ. So the Apostle applies it Gal. 3. 16 18. Jer. 4. 2. Ps. 72 17. Beer-sheba Ch. 21. 31 33 34. V. 20 Milcah Ch. 1. 29. Abraham sends thither for a wife for Isaac ch 24. 15 47. V. 21. Uz In this land Job dwelled Job 1. 1. There is another Uz ch 10. 23. and another ch 36. 28. Buz Job 32. 2. dwelt by his elder brother Uz in Arabia Jer. 25. 20 23 24. Kemuel the father of Aram Aram throughout the Bible is turned in Greek Syria and Syrians as Mizraim is Egypt and Cush Ethiopia V. 22. Bethuel Ch. 24. 15. V. 23. Rebekah Isaacs wife ch 24. 15 67 For this cause chiefly is this Genealogy here set down V. 24. And his Concubine An half wife sometimes called by the name of a wife yet not solemnly betrothed nor taken with dowry nor Partner in the Government of the family but subject to
age he being six or seven yeares old when they all left Laban and fourty when they all came down unto him into Egypt But the other opinion which makes Judah to be borne in the fourth yeare of the first seven of Jacobs service and so to be ten yeares older then Joseph and fifty yeares old when he with his father came into Egypt doth give fairer way to the course and times of the story thus viz. Judah at sixteen yeares old comes into Canaan and speedily marries the daughter of Shuah In the next yeare hath Er. Er marries Tamar at fourteen After which foure yeares are spent in the matters of Onan of Shelah and till the birth of Pharez begotten by Judah after the death of his wife upon the body of Tamar and Pharez at thirteen yeares old marries and in two yeares hath Hezron and Hamul and then all go down into Egypt And all this within the fifty years of Judahs age Adullamite Adullam a city that fell afterwards to the tribe of Judah Josh. 12. 15. 15. 33 35. had a King was seated in a valley David fled to a cave here 1 Sam. 22. 1. 2 Sam. 23. 13. V. 2. Canaanite Contrary to the wills of his Grandfather and great Grandfather ch 24. 3. 27. 46. 28. 1. Shuah The name not of Judahs wife but of her father v. 12. 1 Chron. 2. 3. V. 3. He called The man names the childe V. 4. She called The woman names And so v. 5. Chezib Likely Achzib Josh. 19. 29. 15. 44. signifies lying and thereto the Prophet alludes Micah 1. 14. V. 7. Was wicked in What wickednesse is not set down but heinous sure in kinde and degree slew him Shortly after his marriage how or by what meanes is not set down ch 46. 12. Numb 26. 19. 1 Chron. 2. 3. In some extraordinary remarkable manner by sudden vengeance V. 8. And marry her and raise up seed This before Moses time After a Law made for it Deut. 25. 5 7 9. And in want of a brother the next Kinsman was to do it Ruth 3. 9. 4. 6 7. But forbidden in case the brother left any issue before he died Lev. 18. 16. 20. 21. V. 11. Remain a widow at thy fathers house Lev. 22. 13. Lest she should entice Shelah till Shelah Yet he minded it not v. 14 26. lest he die Conceiving something amisse of Tamar upon an evil surmise as if some unluckinesse followed her V. 12. In processe of time The dayes were multiplied yet long it could not be but surely after the deatâ—s of Er and Onan because after his fit of mourning for her death he soon lies with Tamar sheep-shearers Then they used to have feasts 1 Sam. 25. 8 11. So he went to make merry after his mourning Timnath A City in the Philistines countrey which after fell to the lot of Judah Josh. 15. 20 57. There Sampson took a wife Judg. 14. 1. V. 14. Widowes garment Some mournful guise and habit to notifie her estate An ancient and lawful practice in an open place So whores used Prov. 7. 12. 9. 14. Jer. 3. 2. Ezech. 16. 25. grown and she was not given Some suitable time must be allowed to this which will hardly stand with that opinion of Judah's not marrying till he had been three yeares in the land of Canaan V. 15. Because she had covered her face A veile did serve for Modesty ch 24. 65. But here it was that Judah might not know her And likely to the same purpose she used whispering or changed her voice and tone See Annot. on ch 29. 25 V. 16. What wilt thou give me Ezech. 16. 33. Deut. 23. 18. Micah 1. 7. V. 17 Pledge Hebrew Eraben whence the Greek Arrhaebon and the Latine Arrhabon This she did for her future security v. 24 25. V. 18. Thy signet Luke 15. 22. Jer. 22. 24. came in unto her In some secret place by and near conceived by him Being now about thirty foure yeares of age The great Annotators reckon him now to be about thirty yeares of age and yet by the grounds of their own reckoning he must needs be twenty nine at the marriage of Er marrying himself at fourteen and his eldest sonne Er likewise marrying at fourteen which how they will agree together let the Reader judge See their Annot. on ch 38. 1. yet of Judah by this conception come the Jewes who brag they were not borne of fornication John 8. 41. yea our blessed Saviour sprung from this race Mat. 1. 3. He will not reject great sinners V. 23. Lest we be shamed Shameful was the sin of fornication among the Heathen V. 24. Let her be burnt For adultery as being betrothed and belonging to Shelah Thus the Heathens condemned adultery Jer. 29. 22 23. And so Moses Law after Deut. 22. 23 24. condemned there to be stoned And a Priests daughter for fornication to be burnt Lev. 21. 9. Judah here takes upon him as if he had power of life and death over those that belonged to his family as Tamar did though now in her fathers house or at least he shewes the eagernesse of his desire against her if his meaning were but to have her carried before the Magistrate and be so punished by burning according to the Law of the countrey However he was desirous to be rid of her for his sonne Shelahs sake and bewrayes his own partiality in his owne sinne and inhumane cruelty in thus judging her to fire and the fruit in her wombe yet unborne and that before he heard what she could say for her self never minding how unjustly he had dealt with her in not giving her to Shelah to wise Thus 2 Sam. 12. 5 7. Rom. 2. 1. V. 25. When she was brought forth To execution or rather to prison or trial she sent To stay his proceedings and haply to smother it before it came to a publick hearing the signet and bracelet and staffe Thus she convicts him by his owne seale and beats him with his owne staffe V. 26. And Judah acknowledged His repentance else he might have pleaded against those tokens many wayes by many excuses to have freed himself more righteous then I Aggravates his own fault In many things both faulty and in some things each of them more faulty then the other He was the cause or occasion of her sin and he knew her again no more It had been incest His repentance To sin no more is true repentance Job 34. 31 32. Though Judah were young now yet we reade not of any more of his children after so that it seems he married not again or had no children by his second wife ch 46. 12. Numb 26. 19 20 21 22. 1 Chron. 2. 3 4. Shelah was after married and likely to Tamar Numbers 26. 20. V. â—8 Put out his hand Dangerous labour for her sin ch 25. 26. a scarlet thread Discerning there were twins as a skilful midwife might do and intending to mark the first-borne V. 29. This breach be upon thee
though in that favour and of that power ch 45. 19. yet would not do it without the Kings expresse consent Goshen See Annot. on ch 45. 10. for every shepherd See Annot. on ch 43. 32. CHAP. XLVII Verse 1. GOshen See Annotat. on chap. 45. 10. 46. 28. V. 2. Five men Not set down which five and therefore guesses here are but idle and curious V. 3. Occupation Ch. 46. 33. Jonah 1. 8. 2 Thes. 3. 10. Good Magistrates inquisitive against idlenâ—sse as the bane of a Common-wealth shepherds Every one a shepherd v 6. ch 46. 34. V. 4. To sojourne For a time duriâ—g the famine This likely their intent at first and not to leave Canaan Though afterwards for Josephs sake and his great accommodations afforded them they continued their abode there And afterwards the following Kings against the Lawes of Hospitality kept them as bond slaves no pasture It failed sooner in Canaan then in Egypt and Goshen Canaan being an higher land let thy servants dwell Pharaoh made a frank offer ch 45. 18 20. Joseph intended this place for them ch 45. 10. His brethren here requested it and no doubt by Josephs direction ch 46 34. Thus by this meanes Joseph in his modesty would gaine Pharaohs â—onsent to this particular place V. 6. Of Activity Men of fit and able parts are to be chosen to places and offices Jacob blessed Pharaoh Saluted him with prayer for his welfare and thanks and praise for his bounty to Joseph to him and his children 2 Kings 4. 29. Numb 6. 23 24. Mat. 26. 26. with Luke 22. 19. so again when Jacob left Pharaoh v. 10. V. 9. Of my pilgrimage Pilgrims here seeking after a better countrey an heavely Heb. 11. 9 13. 13. 14. 1 Chron. 29. 15. Psal. 39. 12. 119. 19. Jacobs flittings from Labai roi to Gerar to the valley of Gerar to Rehoboth to Beersheba to Bethel to Haran in Mesopotamia to Gilead to Mahanaim to Succoth to Shalem in Sechem to Bethel to Ephrath to Mamre to Beersheba to Egypt to Pharaohs Court one hundred and thirty yeares Therefore Jacob was ninety when Joseph was borne and seventy six when he came to Laban v 28. and have not attained Abraham lived to one hundred seventy five Isaac to one hundred and eighty V. 11. Ramases Exod. 12. 37. The City built after by the Israelites Exod. 1. 11. After the Israelites multiplied and spread further and had Egyptian families among them and about them whence their doores were distinguished by the blood Exod. 12 7 23. and v. 35 37. they soon borrowed jewels of them V. 12. According As a child is nourished by the nurse ch 45. 11. 49. 24. 50. 21. lovingly tenderly carefully V. 13. Fainted Yet now among strangers God satisfies his Church with fulnesse V. 14. All the money into Pharaohs house His treasury Josephs fidelity V. 15. Money failed Generally for the most part â—almost totally give us bread Yet ask it in an humble manner v. 17. 18 19 25. V. 18. The second yeare Namely after their cattel was sold which seemes to have been the sixth yeare of the famine the second of their extremity V. 19. And our land Die become desolate As trees while they bear fruit are said to live when not to die so may the ground and give us seed This is the seventh year of the famine V. 21. He removed them So to gain the right of propriety and possession from the people to Pharaoh The people mutinie not in all these extremities nor break open the granaries of Pharaoh but by Josephs prudence and Gods over-ruling Providence keep their loyalty and obedience Thus Chams posterity was brought into bondage ch 9. 25. V. 22. Only the land of the Priests Or Princes Pharaohs chief Officers and Lords as ch 41. 45. See Annos on that place ch 14. 18. if it be here understood of Priests as the Chaldee and LXX translate it This shews Pharaohs care not Josephs for he favoured not idolatrous Priests to preserve their rights and revenues to save their lands from alienation to maintain them so Jezabel 1 King 18. 19. These shall rise up in judgement against many Christian Kings and people who neglect the maintenance of the Ministers of the Gospel V. 24. The fifth part He might have required the halfe or have allowed them but the fifth part Here then he deales not with them injuriously or uncharitably making his best advantage of their necessity But mercifully as themselves confesse v. 25. and yet faithfully as became the steward of Pharaoh whose corne he sold. This fifth part was no more then was laid up in the yeares of plenty ch 41. 44. V. 25. Pharaohs servants His Farmers and Tenants V. 27. Multiplied exceedingly So God fulfilled his Promise ch 46. 3. V. 28. Seventeen yeares So long Joseph nourished his father in Egypt as his father had nourished him at home V. 29. Thy hand under my thigh See Annot on ch 24 2. Jacob requires this oath not so much doubting Josephs obedience herein but that he might alledge it to Pharaoh ch 50. 5. and so decline the envy of the Egyptians and their surmising of his scorning their land and that it might be a testimony of his faith in Gods Promises for possessing the land of Canaan that as a type of Heaven Heb. 11. 9 10 14 15 16. and for a strengthening of the faith of his seed that they should return thither And for this also Joseph layes his bones as it were at stake ch 50. 25. Heb. 11. 22. Thus being dead they teach and preach faith to them V. 30. But I will lie Lie down and sleep Such is death lie in burial with my fathers Abraham and Isaac See v. 29. V. 31. Bowed himself Unto God with thankfulnesse Heb. 11. 21. His religious thoughts now near his end took up his minde with matter of praying to God and praising of God And though weak and bedâ—id yet he would not do it without some outward expression of devout reverence This bowing then was not to Joseph ch 48. 12. nor yet towards the East or Canaan but to God so David 1 Kings 14. upon the beds head The LXX read it leaning upon the top of his staffe The Hebrew word without pricks or vowels serves both Mittch is a bed Matteh is a staffe The LXX sure had a copy without pricks The Apostle follows the LXX in Heb. 11. 21. See Annot. on ch 46. 27. and on ch 11. 12. Jacob turning his face to the bed and so rearing himself upon the boulster at his beds head he then bowed himself and worshipped the Lord ch 48. 2. 1 Kings 1. 47 48. And it well may be that to help himselfe herein in his great weaknesse he might leane upon the top of his staffe which he had in his hand being an old man and the Apostle knowing this also to be true did not therefore stick to alledge the place according to the Translation of the LXX CHAP. XLVIII Verse
11 12 17 18 26. and Ch. XIV 22 26. And this second Tythe seems every third year to be distributed to the poor Or rather a third Tythe every third year not carried to Jerusalem and eaten there But gathered for these charitable uses onely and to be eaten any where throughout the Land Deut. XIV 28 29. and XXVI 12 13. And this third year is therefore called the year of Tything Deut. XXVI 12. Amos IV. 4. Of Tythes see more 2 Chron. XXXI 4 19. Nehem. X. 32 39. and XII 44 47. and XIII 5 12 13. Mal. III. 8 10. Luke XI 42. and XVIII 12. Heb. VII 2 9. The great maintenance of the Levites appears in that the whole Tribe of Levi being three or four times lesse in number then any other Tribe yet had they distinguished from all the Priests the Tythes of all the Tribes and so more then any one other Tribe Besides their thirty five Cities and Suburbs whereof five were Cities of Refuge Josh. XXI one belonging to the Kohathites Levites two to the Gershonites and two to the Merarites In all twice at least more Cities then some other Tribes had that were twice their number See also that Num. XXXI 30 47. The greater maintenance of the Priests appears in that being but three persons at first at least of ripe and mature age yet they had the Tythes yearly of all the Levites Tythes which were at first 8580 of thirty years old and upwards and so about the hundred part of all the fruits and increase of all Israel And as the numbers of the Priests multiplied afterwards so did in all probability the number of the other Tribes They had also all the First-fruits of all things from all persons throughout the twelve Tribes even of their doughs and bakings Deut. XVIII 4. Num. XV. 20 21. which as some think exceeded their Tythes aforesaid They had also all the First-borne of Oxen Sheep and Goats which were given to them in kinde And the Redemption money of the First-borne of Men and of unclean Beasts and cattell Num. III. 46 52. Exod. XXXIV 19. 20 and Ch. XXII 29 30. Deut. XV. 19. They had also all Oblations both Voluntary and by Vow And the Redemption of Things and of Persons Devoted to God And all Sacrifices for Sinnes and for Trespasses and the Meat and Drink Offerings and Heave-offerings And the Breast and Shoulder in Peace-offerings Deut. XVIII 3. And the Skins of the whole Burnt-offerings And all their Tythes First-fruits and Oblations were to be of the best and choisest sorts Num. XVIII 12 29. Besides these they had thirteen Cities and Suburbs and Priviledges belonging to them whereof one was a City of Refuge Josh XXI 13. See Num. XVIII 8 19. And that also Num. XXXI 28 29 37 38 39 40 50. Levit. X. 12 13 14 15. and Ch. XXVII 21 28. See the Annotations on Num. XVIII 29. Rock At Rephidim by Mount Sinai chapter XX verse 8. 13. Exod. XVII 1 7. being the eleventh Station of the Israelites Num. XXXIII 14. Moses with his miraculous Rod struck the Rock in Horeb in a due obedience to Gods commandment and waters came forth And he named the place Massah and Meribah Exod. XVII 5 6 7. But at Kadesh in the Wildernesse of Zin where Miriam died being the thirty third Station Num. XXXIII 36. Moses with Aarons miraculous Rod for he took it from before the Lord as he commanded him having his spirit provoked by the rebellious people smiles the Rock twice without any such command or commission to smite at all And he and Aaron likewise speak unadvisedly with their lips uttering words of passion and incredulity and so rebelling against Gods commandment And thereupon they not sanctifying the Lord in the eyes of the children of Israel He was sanctified in them by his excluding them from entrance into the Land of Canaan And this also is called the water of Meribah or Strife as here so Ch. XXVII 14. Psal. CVI. 32 33. Aaron Aaron chapter XX verse 28 whose name may seem to signifie an Ark or Chest dies seven moneths and seven dayes before Moses at Mount Hor the Place called Mosera Deut. X 6. in the thirty fourth Station For Aaron dying in the fourtieth year fifth moneth first day Num. XXXIII 38. And that compared with the moneths mourning for Moses Deut. XXXIV 8. and three dayes preparation to passe over Jordan Josh. I. 1. and Ch. III. 2. And their coming out of Jordan on the first moneth tenth day Josh. IV. 19. Do shew that Moses died in the twelfth moneth seventh day And so seven moneths and seven dayes after Aaron In which short interval of time many and mighty things were done and atchieved as among other things Sihon and Og and their Kingdomes conquered the Midianites almost destroyed among whom Balaam was slaine Josh. XIII 22. and the book of Deuteronomie written Num. XXI and XXXI Deut. I. 1 3. Fiery Serpents onely in the later part of the fourtieth year chapter XXI verse 6 after Aarons death Heshbon Heshbon a chief City in Moab verse 26 afterwards of Sihon King of the Amorites Deut. I. 4. afterwards of Gad and out of that Tribe given to the Merarites Josh. XIII 26. and XXI 38 39 40. 1 Chron. VI. 80 81. Afterwards recovered by the Moabites and wasted by Shalmanesar Esay XV. 4. and XVI 8 9. and after by the Babylonians Jer. XLVIII 45. There may seeme to be another Heshbon of the Ammonites Jer. XLIX 2 3. And one in the Tribe of Reuben Num. XXXII 37. Josh. XIII 15 17. Heshbon signifies Devises And an allusion is made to the name Jer. XLVIII 2. in the judgement there denounced against it like to this is English There is mischief devised against the Devises the name of a town with us Balak Balak needed not to have hired Balaam chapter XXII verse 2 and feared Israel Num. XXII and XXIII and XXIV if he had known the prohibition of God to Israel Deut. II. 9. which they obeyed Judg. II. 15 17 18 25. 2 Chron. XX. 10. Yet that part which was great of the Lands of Moab which Sihon had lately conquered from Vehab King of Moab as Tremelius translates Num. XXI 26. the Israelites conquering Sihon in that right possessed it Num. XXXIII 49. Deut. I. 5. and XXXIV 1 5 6 8. and it was given to the Reubenites and Gadites Josh. XIII Unicorne So Deut. chapter XXIII verse 22 XXXIII 17. Job XXXIX 9 10. Psal. XXII 21. and XXIX 6. and XCII 10. Esay XXXIV 7. Yet the translation of the word is doubted of or at least the nature of the beast such as the Pensil of our Painters doth portray out unto us because no such beast was known or seen by any man And the Unicornes horne so deemed is of some strange Fish not of any known Beast Some learned render the word Bufale or Buff or else the wild Oxe called by the Latines Urus eminent for bignesse strength hornes and untamable fiercenesse
Advertise thee Balaam called a South-sayer chapter XXIV verse 14 Josh. XIII 22. and a Prophet 2 Pet. II. 16. gives this advertisement to Balak which seems to have a relation to that which follows in the residue of that Chapter Yet besides he gives counsel to Balak or at least after to the Midianites to draw the Israelites into sinne Num. XXXI 16. which coming so to passe He himself in his return is slaine by the sword amongst the Midianites Num. XXXI 8. in that Expedition wherein Joshuah though not named may seeme to be the General and Phineas chief of the Priests sounding Trumpets in that warre wherein 12000. Israelites not having one man slaine did yet slay five Kings of Midian or Dukes of Sihon dwelling in the Countrey as it is Josh. XIII 21. and all the males of that populous Nation save such as escaped by flight whose posterities in the dayes of Gideon came to prevaile against Israel Judg. VI. 1 2. And they took a mighty prey and booty whereout after Purifications of themselves and the Prey there was paid a tribute and portion to the Priests and a portion to the Levites and a voluntary Oblation after made by the Captaines to the Lord Num. XXXI Of the 24000. chapter XXV verse 9 that died in the Plague and stroak of Gods vengeance the 23000. mentioned 1 Cor. X. 8. likely were the vulgar sort that died in the slaughter Num. XXV 5. and the other thousand were the heads of the people hung up ver 4. without supposing any Pestilence at that time Or if by Plague Num. XXV 9. Psal CVI. 30. we understand the Pestilence then most probably the 23000. died of it and the other thousand by Hanging and Slaughter 22200. chapter XXVI verse 14 In this last numbering of the people in the Plains of Moab in the fourtieth year of their wandering in the Wildernesse Simeon was farre the least in number and Judah the most And the whole number of fighting men of the twelve Tribes after that generation died in the Wildernesse upon that judgement Numb XIV 29 35. and upon sundry other judgements besides was now 1820. lesse in number then in the former numbering at Mount Sinai thirty nine years before 23000. And so but 700 more then they were in the former numbering at Sinai Ch. III. verse 62 Being likely not altogether free from that sinne and punishment Num. XIII and XIV Sin This Wildernesse differs from Zin chapter XXXIII verse 11 ver 36. This being the eighth Station of the Israelites that of Zin the thirty third which is Kadesh where Miriam died as was said Num. XXXIII 11 36. Rephidim See the Observations on Ch. verse 14 XXVIII 8. Abarim Pluraly verse 47 Mountains being a continuation of Mountains or Hills Num. XXXIII 47. in the Confines of the Amorites and Moabites whereof the tops had several names as Nebo Pisgah Pehor But Mount Sinai was none of them being farre enough of Salt Sea Is not that Lake of Genesareth chapter XXXIV verse 3 But only that Dead Sea and Salt Sea where formerly Sodom and Gomorrah Admah and Zeboim had stood Deut. XXIX 23. Hos. XI 8. Riblah Riblah in the Land of Hamath part of the East border of Canaan near the North quarter Here Pharaoh-Nechoh put Jehoahaz in bonds 2 Kings XXIII 33. And Nebuchadnezzar put King Zedekiah in bonds and put out his eyes 2 King XXV 6 7. And slew the High Priest and second Priest and the sonnes of Zedekiah and other prime men ver 18 21. Jer. LII 10 27. This Riblah seems to be that which was afterwards called Antiochia in Syria Of this see my Annotations on Ezek. XI 10 11. Chinnereth Num. XXXIV 11. Deut. III. 17. Josh. XI 2. and XII 27. and XIX 35. is called in the New Testament Genezareth Luke V. 1. which Lake is also called the Sea of Galilee Matth. IV. 18. Mark I. 16. And the Sea of Tiberias Josh. XXI 1. And absolutely the Sea Matth. XVII 27. Suburbs The Suburbs of the Cities of the Priests chapter XXXV verse 4 and Levites were 1000. Cubits from the Cities on every side And so 2000. in the limits and utmost Bounds and Borders of each Quarter East West North and South Fourty eight Cities See Josh. verse 7 XX. and XXI and 1 Chron. 6. compared together and the Great Annotations upon the said sixth Chapter Shall not be guilty The innocent man verse 27 that by meere accident against his will slew a man might yet as it seemes be lawfully slaine by the revenger of blood if he took him without the Citie of refuge Which the more shews the wrath of God against murder Onely to the family Israelites might marry wives of other Tribes chapter XXXVI verse 6 so that they were not inheritrixes of Land Num. XXXVI Yea of other Nations if they were Proselytes and not of those Nations which God expressely devoted to destruction Deut. VII 3. and XXI 10 13. Of their marriages with Heathens and mixing the holy seed See Ezra IX and X. Ch. Neh. IX 2. and X. 30. and XIII 3. 23 30. Deuteronomie DEUTERONOMIE was written in the yeare of the world not 2493. But in the year 2553. or rather 2548. thirty eight years and odde moneths from the time of the beginning of the Book of Numbers And about 1450 years before Christ's time It containes to the fifteenth Verse of the last Chapter an History of one moneth and seven dayes viz From moneth eleven day one to moneth twelve day seven at which time Moses died as hath been formerly gathered upon Aarons death See and compare together Deut. I. 3. and XXXIV 8. and Josh. IV. 19. In which short time the Book was written by Moses And besides sundry Repetitions and Explications other new Lawes given A second Edition as it were of the Covenant made with the new Generation with some other Consequences and last Acts of Moses The last Chapter of Deuteronomie was written after Moses his death As likewise the Conclusion of the Book of Jeremie was written after his Death Jer. LI. 64. and LII 31 34. And that XXXIV Chapter contains one moneth more of the Israelites mourning for the death of Moses This Book of Deuteronomie and that of the Psalmes are of chief note in the Old Testament for the Life of Religion the spiritual power of Worship and Obedience in the inner man Yet this Book of Deuteronomie seemes not to be that which was to be written very plainly upon great stones plaistered in Mount Ebal For that was the Decalogue only or those Blessings and Curses only Deut. XXVII 2 26. Josh. VIII 30 35. Nor seemes it to be this book of Deuteronomie only that was to be Copied out by the King and He to read therein all the dayes of his life Deut. XVII v. 18 19 20. Not yet seemes it to be this book only that was to be solemnly read by the Priests every seventh or Sabbatical year in the Feast of Tabernacles in the audience of
all the people Chapt. XXXI 9 13. As in the three foresaid particulars some would have it Nor yet is it this Book only or that Song only Deut. XXXII that was to be put and placed by the Priests in at or by the side of the Arke of the Covenant Deut. XXXI 25 26. But the whole book of the Law the five Books of Moses were to be Copied out by the King read in every Sabbath-year and laid up and preserved safe by the Arke of the Testimony The Judicial Lawes most of all mentioned in this Book and peculiarly belonging to the Countrey and People of the Jewes are grounded upon an equity of Right Reason for that Countrey and People And so far are useful to all others The ten first Chapters are most-what of precedent Passages Repetitions of what things were formerly done with Exhortations to Obedience intermixed Moses yet herein not binding himself to an exact order in observation of the times and places These Is an Inscription of the whole book chapter I verse 1 and an accurate description of the Place where Moses delivered and did what in this book is contained Eleven The eleven dayes journey end either at Kadesh-barneah verse 2 or compassing about by the way of Mount Seir and Kadesh-barneah it ends at and in the Plaines of Moab Both which serâ—â— to shew how soone they might have come from Horeb or Sinai to Canaan had they not provoked God by their sinne Num. XIV instead of that eleven dayes journey to keep them wandring in the wildernesse 38. years after Horeb Horeb and Mount Sinai are taken for the same Exod. III 1. See on that Text Deut. I. 2 6 19. and IV. 10 15. and V. 2. and IX 8. 1 King XIX 8 Mal. IV. 4. They being close neighbours or rather two tops of the same Mount The Israelites abode almost a year there Deut. I. 6. Exod. XIX 1 Num. X. 11. Og that dwelt at Ashteroth verse 4 was slaine in Edrei another of his royal Cities Ch. III. 1. Num. XXI 33. Josh. XIII 12 31. and XII 4. Angry Gods anger at Moses here mentioned verse 37 was not in the second year when and where the Spies were sent from Kadesh-barnea Num. XIII and XIV But in the fourtieth year at that other Kadesh when and where Miriam died Num. XX. 1 2 12. Many dayes The Israelites abode in Kadesh many dayes verse 46 And they compassed Mount Seir many dayes The space in which they came from Kadesh-barnea till they came over the brook Zered or pitch'd in the Valley of Zared in Moab being their thirty ninth Station was thirty eight years which was in the beginning of the fourtieth year of their coming out of Egypt Deut. II. 1 2 3 7 14. some take thirty seven years and a half of this time to be spent at Kadesh-barnea And sure the most of it was spent there and the lesser and later part of it in compassing Mount Seir And the other half year spent in coming from Mount Seir to Zered See Deut. II. 7. Distresse not And so chapter II verse 9 v. 19. The Israelites forbidden to distresse the Moabites and Ammonites or to possesse their Lands Yet what Sihon had lately conquered from them and possessed which was no small part of their Countreys all that the Israelites conquering Sihon by right of that Conquest did fairly possesse Josh. XIII 15 25. Judg. XI 12 27. Gyants There are mentioned Anakims verse 11 Emims Zanzummims Rephaims as several races of Gaints Deut. II. 11 20. and Ch. III. 11 13. Num. XIII 33. See further Gen. VI. 4 1 Sam. XVII 4. and 2 Sam. XXI 16 22. Mount Sion chapter IV verse 48 which is Hermon Called by the Sidonians Syrion by the Amorites Shenir in the Valley of Lebanon Deut. III. 9. and IV. 48. Josh. XI 17. and XIII 5. and XII 5. 1 Chron. V. 23. And Mount Sion that strong hold in the City of David being the South-part of Jerusalem and not seated on the North-side of it 2 Sam. V. 7 9. 1 King VIII 1. Psal. II. 6. and IX 11. and XLVIII 2. upon which Text see the Annotations are two differing Mountains and farre asunder They differ also in their Original Characters and letters the former being written 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the later 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 though the New Testament write the later also Sion Rom. IX 33 〈◊〉 XI 26. As likewise the Hebrew 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is written Sidon And 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is written Tyre Matth. XI 21 22. Called We may not conceive a miracle in Moses voice chapter V verse 1 as some do on this place My Commandments So it is in the Masorets marginal reading verse 10 But in the Text it is his Commandments And may import the words of Moses expounding the sense and meaning of Gods words that went next before Seventh day Some words are added by Moses to those uttered by God on Mount Sinai verse 14 15. Exod. XX. 10 11. as an Explication of them And also a Reason is given of the fourth Commandment differing altogether from that Reason in Exod. XX. 11. which Reason here yet evinceth not that therefore God brought the Israelites out of Egypt on the Sabbath-day But the putting of Wife before House ver 21. contrary to that order of House before Wife in Exod. XX. 17. confounds the late Papists silly shift in dividing the last Commandment into two to make up ten Deut. IV. 13. to colour thereby their taking away the second Commandment or shufling of it into the first so that by them is not known which is the ninth and which the tenth Commandment Seven Nations So many are here reckoned chapter VII verse 1 And so Iosh. III. 10. Six in Exod. XXXIII 2. Deut. XX. 17. Iudg. III. 5. In many places fewer In Gen. XV. 19 20 21. ten Nations are reckoned And among them the Philistines are never mentioned Yet all the inhabitants of the whole Land go many times under the names of Canaanites and Amorites as Gen. XXIV 3. and Ch. XV. 16. Utterly destroy them Such is Gods Command verse 2 And such his Promise of assistance v. 16. See Exod. XXXIV 11 12. Deut. IX 3. and XX. 16 17. Yet this was not a thing to be done in one year or in Ioshuah's Life-time Iosh. XXIII 4 5 13. Iudg. l. 9 21 27 29 30 31 33 34. But by little and little Exod. XXIII 29 30. Deut. VII 22. Yet God justly threatens and blames them for their neglect in Conquering and Expelling them Num. XXXIII 55 56. Josh. XXIII 13. Judg. II. 3 21 22 23. And he never gave them the possession of their full Bounds as of Tyre Sidon and of all the Land of the Philistines because they kept not for their part the Condition of their Covenant with him Judg. II. 20 21. Neither shalt thou Marriage forbid with the Canaanites strictly verse 3 Yea also forbid with the Ammonites Moabites and Egyptians Ezra IX 1 2.
in that Levites time Iudg. XIX 10 11 12. or haply at that time had never got any hold in it at all Hebron Of this City see the Observations on 2 Sam. verse 10 II. 1. Caleb Of Caleb see the Observations on Iosh. verse 12 XV. 16. A south-South-Land Or dry Land verse 15 Kenite and Ch. IV. 11. and Ch. V. 24. See 1 Chron. II. 55. verse 16 As also Gen. XV. 19. Num. XXIV 21. 1 Sam. XV. 6. And see my Observations on Num. X. 29. Palme Trees Jericho Of this see the Observations on Ch. III. 13. Gaza Iudah took Gaza verse 18 and Askelon and Ekron And lost them soone afterwards Ch. III. 3. Bethel Of this see the Observations on 1 King verse 22 XII 29. and XXXII Bethsâ—an And the rest in this verse were Cities in that half Tribe of Manasseh that lay West of Jordan verse 27 Angel The Angel here seemes to be no created Angel chapter II verse 1 But that Angel of the Covenant Mal. III. 1. that appeared to Moses in the Bush Exod. III. 2. called Jehovah ver 4. and to Ioshua Iosh. V. 14. And to Gideon Iudg. VI. 16. And to Manoah and his wife Ch. XIII Of whom Iacob spake Gen. XLVIII 24. And of whom God spake unto Moses Exod. XXIII 21 22 23. termed both Jehovah Exod. XIII 21. XIV 10 24. and his face or presence Exod. XXXIII 14 15. and an Angel Exod. XXXIII 2. the Messias Acts VII 38. the Sonne of God Heb. I. 3. See on Judg. XIII 3. But whether this History fell out in the life-time of Ioshua or after his death is somewhat more uncertain all the dayes of Joshua Therefore the Angel's coming to Bochim verse 7 though premised was after the death of Joshua and those Elders Mount of Ephraim Of this see the Observations on Joshua XXIV verse 9 1. Baal and Ashtaroth Of these see the Observations on Ch. verse 13. 16. VIII 33. Judges This Chapter seemes to be a summarie of the bulk of this Book Left those Nations Ver. verse 23 22. and Ch. III. 1 2 4. See the Observations on Deut. VII 1. and 2. King of Mesopotamia Heb. chapter III verse 8 Aram-Naharaim i. e. of Syria between the two rivers Tigris and Euphrates Naharaim being of the Dual number Fourty years See the Observations on the beginning of this Book verse 11 Palme-trees Jericho the City of Palme-trees Deut. XXXIV 3. verse 13 2 Chron. XXVIII 15. This was nigh Jordan on the West-side of it and Gilgal in the East border of Jericho where Rahab entertained and hid the two Spies And from the Plaines of Moab Pisga and Shirtim which were over against Jericho on the East-side of Jordan the Israelites passed over Here the Israelites kept the Passeover and the Captain of the Lords Hoast appeared to Joshua This was burnt Josh. VI. 24. And the Re-builder of it cursed ver 26. And the same verified in Hiel in the dayes of Ahab 1 King XVI 34. So that the Kenites being in it and Eglons possessing of it mentioned here And that of Davids ill-intreated messengers residing here 2 Sam. X. 5. must be meant of some mean buildings or Forts onely in it or rather by it It fell by Lot to the Tribe of Benjamin Josh. XVIII 21. Here was a Colledge of the sonnes of the Prophets in the times of Elias and Eliseus and the waters healed by Eliseus Hither were sent back courteously the many Jewes captived by Pekah in the dayes of Ahaz 2 Chron. XXVIII And in the Plaines here was Zedekiah taken by Nebuchadnezzars forces And in the dayes of our Saviour he did herein or hard by give sight to blinde men and converted Zacheus And he arose Reverence to God and his Word verse 20 Num. XXIII 18. 2 King XX III. 2. 2 Chron. XXXIV 31. Neh. VIII 6. Oxe-goad Miraculous are the victories of Shamgar verse 31 slaying sixe hundred Philistines with an Oxe-goad and of Sampson slaying one thousand of them with the jaw-bone of an Asse Ch. XV. 15 16. Jabin This Jabin successor to that Jabin slaine by Joshua chapter IV verse 2 and his City Hazor burnt Josh. XI 1 10 11 13. Yet this successor or sonne reinforceth himself and twenty years oppressed Israel and was destroyed at last by Deborah and Barak ver 24. Hazor A City in Naphtali and upper Galilee East from Rehob in Asher and in former times head of the neighbouring Kingdomes Iâ—sh XI 10. There was another Hazor or two in the Tribe of Judah Iosh. XV. 23 25. Haresheth of the Gentiles Ver. 16. In Naphtali about thirty miles East from Hazor near the South-bottome of the waters of Merom Here he dwels because Joshua had burnt Hazor Iosh. XI 11 13. Charets of iron Much use of these in warre verse 3 not by the Jewes but by their enemies See the Observations on Ch. XX. 2. and on 2 Sam. VIII 5. A Prophetesse See the Observations on Zeph. verse 4 III. 4. and on 1 Sam. XVIII 10. at that time Even when and while Iabin oppressed them So that those twenty years v. 3. are within those fourty years of Deborah V. 31. Ramah See the Annotations on Hos. verse 5 V. 8. There were divers Cities of this name in divers Tribes See Josh. XVIII 25. and XIX 29 36. 1 Sam. I. 1. Those in Benjamin Ephraim and Judah were the chief Places famous by Deborah Samuel Saul and David as the sacred Histories do record Barak This Barak verse 6 as also Rahab Gideon Jephthah Sampson commended for their Faith Heb. XI 31 32. though weak in Faith and not without their many failings Tabor In the South-part of Zebulon not farre from the river Kishon as it runnes into the South-bottome of the Sea of Galilee Of Tabor see more in the Annotations on Hos. V. 1. Of a Woman Deborah verse 9 and Jael Zaanaim Zaanaim by Kedesh in Naphtali verse 11 where Barak dwelled Not a man left Not a man left in the field to make any resistance verse 16 Psal. XIV 3. and LIII 3. Rom. III. 12. Shamgar Of him chapter V verse 4 Ch. III. 31. And of Jael Ch. IV. 18. Was there a speare 1 Sam. XIII 19. verse 8 From the noise They could not fetch water without danger from the enemy verse 11 Out of Hence to the end of the Song verse 14 and Chapter Deborah relates how the several Tribes behaved themselves in this Expedition with their praise or dispraise And here Reuben Gilead and Dan and Asher are blamed and Meroz cursed and Jael the wife of Heber is blessed Roote Most likely understood of Deborah of Mount Ephraim the firstrise and mover of this Expedition though some extend it to Joshua and others understand it of the Tribes of Judah and Simeon Amalek Amalek joyned here with the Canaanites in this battell against the Israelites After thee Benjamin After Ephraim came Benjamin to assist in this warre Out of Machir That half Tribe of Manasseh that dwelt within Canaan For though the one half
VII 8. 13 and of Saul slaine by them This deliverance was not perfected till Davids dayes Drink no Wine The mother is thus forbidden verse 7 ver 14. Likely because the infant was to receive hutriment and suck from her If the Lord A good plea and comfort verse 23 And a good example for our imitation to comfort us in sundry cases and conditions Sampson Sampson's Birth hath relation to that verse 24 Ch. X. 7. where the Philistines are mentioned before the Ammonites And he began to deliver Israel being young and died about fourty To move him Inspire him with magnanimous verse 25 heroical thoughts and indow him with miraculous strength Timnath In the Tribe of Dan chapter XIV verse 1 East from Ekron of the Philistines Here Sampson intended to have his first wife And Judah had his sheep-shearing Gen. XXXVIII 12. This Citie was given to the Tribe of Judah Josh. XV. 57. And after out of that Tribe to Dan Josh. XIX 43. But the Philistines most what possessed it And in the dayes of wicked Ahaz we read that they took it from him 2 Chron XXVIII 18. Some make this in Dan and that in Judah to be divers Cities Sampson Sampson by extraordinary motion of the Lord the lawfull Dispenser with his own Law seeks a marriage though a Nazarite with a Philistine had thirty of the Philistines brought as companions to be with him at the nuptial feast to honour him in shew but more in jealousie and fear of him seeing and noting some things extraordinary in his person His wife weeping before him the seven dayes while the Feast lasted but more after the third day and most upon the seventh and last day he expounds his Riddle to her and she to the companions He performes what he had promised thereupon And in anger for their fraud and her treachery he went away leaving them and her too behinde him Foxes The Lanâ— was full of them chapter XV verse 4 And besides his own art and industry by sundry meanes to take them he was not debarred the help of others and above all Gods providence eoncurring therein Hip Sampson hip and thigh verse 8 pell-mell haply with his leg and foot onely slew the Philistines with a great slaughter And afterwards slaying one thousand of them with Lehi that is the jaw-bone of an Asse upon that occasion he called the place jaw-bone or Lehi And at his prayer had a Well of water which he therefore calls En-hakkore springing in that place of Lehi to revive his spiri being near dead with thirst Rock Etam We read of a Citie of that name 1 Chron. IV. 32. Called also Ethar Josh XIX 7. in the Tribe of Simeon as it joynes to the Tribe of Dan and Judah in the North-East corner of Simeon and not very far from Zorah in the South-East corner of Dan where Sampson was borne ver 2. not meaning that Dan or that so farre distinct portion of Dan that lay in the North-bounds of the Land of Canaan Of Judah Iudah joyning to Dan verse 11 on the East-side of it Twenty years These twenty years verse 20 in the just computation of the times do fall in with the former half of Eli his fourty 1 Sam. IV. 18. Gaza See the Annotations on Amos I. chapter XVI 6. Harlot Sampsons sinne yet upon repentance pardoned and he registred among those Worthies Heb. XI 32. Took the doores His strength came up to a miracle verse 3 Before Hebron Not so farre as Hebron Of Hebron see the Observations on Gen. XXIII 2. Sorek The river or torrent of this name divides Dan verse 4 and Simeon Delilah The chief Passages of this part of the History are these That Delilah had a very great summe payed in hand for betraying of Sampson ver 5 18. whose strength yet lay not in his haire in the having of it or in the growing of it again the haire being but a ceremonial signe of it But in Gods presence with him And so his weaknesse not in the losing of his haire which here he lost unwittingly and unwillingly But in the Lords departing from him for his sinnes ver 20. The shaver might easily have cut his throat being asleep But Gods Providence was in and over all And blinde Sampson coming at last to see his sinnes and repent And being brought into the magnificent house and Idol-temple containing about three thousand persons spectators upon the roof of it verily a wondrous building is moved by an extraordinary instinct of Gods Spirit in his last act not to murder himself but to undervalue his own life so as he might therewithal as a Judge and publike person execute Gods mighty vengeance upon his own and Gods peoples enemies and oppressors ver 30. wherein many make him a Type of Christs victorious conquest over our spiritual enemies at and by his death Or at least do take an occasion to use an Allusion from the one to the other Dagon Dagon seemes to have his name from Dag verse 23 signifying a Fish in Hebrew And was portraied in the likenesse of a Fish from the middle downward and of a man from the middle upward 1 Sam. V. 4. A sea-Idol worshipped by them of Gaza and the Philistines that dwelt on the sea-coast as the Heathens did their Neptune or Triton And the Idolaters do here ascribe it to this Idol their god that he delivered Sampson into their hand and therefore offer a great sacrifice to him In his most stately Temple they fastened the head of King Saul 1 Chron. X. 10. And at Ashdod by Dagon in the house of Dagon for he had many Temples they placed the Arke of God 1 Sam. V. 2. Of this again you may see more in the Observations upon that text 1 Sam. V. 2. These five last Chapters of Iudges containe Histories of things done soone after the death of Ioshua chapter XVII and those Elders that out-lived him chapter XVIII Iudg. chapter XIX XX. XXI II. 7. soone after the Idolatry and Apostasie of the People mentioned Ch. II. 11 12 in the times if not before the times of all the Judges whose times and Histories are recorded Ch. III. and along to the XVII Chapter without any interruption And this appears by very many Passages in these five last Chapters Cursedst So Prov. chapter XVII verse 2 XXIX 24. That is didst adjure with an execration if an answer were not made in truth and fidelity Thus 1 King VIII 31. Levit. V. 1. Num. V. 21. And so it is expounded 1 Thes. V. 27. And so put to our Saviour Matth. XXVI 63. And so used 1 Sam. XIV 24. 2 Chron. XVIII 15. Neh. XIII 25. The Lord Micha's mother dedicated this silver to the Lord Jehovah verse 3 to make both a graven and a moulten Image Ch. XVIII 18. to worship Jehovah in and by them and not any false god For in this point of the Object or Thing worshipped the Idolatries of the Jewes and of the Heathens most what differed See
by lust ver 2. was plagued by lust Divided her An act barbarous in it self and inhumane verse 29 though he did it to a good end to bring these sons of Belial to deserved punishment that such pests might not be suffered to live and poiâ—on the aire with their breath and so pollute the Land and go unpunished The unbowelling and enbalming of dead bodies and anatomizing of them by Physitians and Chirurgeons to good uses is a case different in divers points Mizpeh See the Observations on Ch. chapter XX verse 1 X. 17. Footmen Footmen four hundred thousand verse 2 We read not of Horsemen among the Israelites in all or any of their battels Onely we finde them prepared iu Solomons time 1 King IV. 26. and IX 19. and Ch. X. 26. 2 Chron. I. 14. and Ch. VIII 9. and Ch. IX 25. where the four thousand stalls of horses for his Chariots 2 Chron. IX 25. agree well with the fourty thousand in 1 King IV. 26. counting ten single stalls or divisions in every stable yet we finde no expresse mention of the use of any horsemen in any battel afterwards And to this the command and care for the houghing of the enemi es horses and the burning of their Charâ—oâ—s may have relation Iosh XI 6 9. 2 Sam. VIII 4. 1 Chron. XVIII 4. yet we read of many horses and Chariots in warre with the Canaanâ—tes Iosh. XI 4. Iudg. IV. 3 13. And many among the Israelites Esay II. 7. Trust in them is forbidden Dâ—uâ— XVII 16 17. Psal. XX. 7. XXXIII 16 17. Prov. XXI 31. Asked Counsel The eleven Tribes presume here more upon their own strength verse 18 and the justnesse of their Cause then upon God and consult him at first onely about the precedencie in the warre and who shall have the honour of the day And upon their first overthrow they weep but more for their shame and smart then for their sin And they aske counsel of God whether they shall fight again but neither crave his assistance nor inquire of the successe being still so confident in themselves of their own strength and still putting their trust in the arme of flesh and blood But upon the second overthrow they seek God in a right manner they more seriously mourn and Fast and repent of their sins Offering Burnt-offerings for the expiation of them and Peace offerings to make their peace with God and testifie their Faith in him And gaining a Promise of successe yet they carefully use the means and stratagems which formerly they sleighted and presumptuously neglected And by this stratagem they seeme to divide their army into three parts some to lie in wait some to fight and seemingly flee And the body of their Army as a strong reserve to fall on and gaine the victory upon an appointed signe when the Benjamites were brought to an amazed stand and come within the reach of it Phineas Phineas here living verse 28 yet died long before Sampson was borne which sheweth this History preceded Sampson a long time As the like might have been observed to a like end of many other Passages in these five last Chapters as hath been formerly said All which fell The odde hundred men mentioned ver 35 are here omitted verse 46 as well known out of the foresaid former verse The sacred Author here contenting himself with the round number of 25000. As the like is in the number of the time of Davids reigne 2 Sam. V. 5. and Ch. II. 11. And of the time of Solomons building the Temple 1 King VI. 1 38. And the like is in Jephthahs accompt of the 300. years Judg. XI 26. And likely here in the number of the remaine of the Benjamites that were slaine after the three battels Turned again This done in heat of warre verse 48 and rage of blood though after a sort it may be said to be done in cold blood and after the fierce brunt of warre was over And of this they repented afterwards as of a barborous and bloody act as well they might This slaughter lessened the number of the Benjamites in very many generations after See that in Jehoshaphat's time comparing the number of Benjamin with Judah 2 Chron. XVII 14 18. Had sworne This Oath chapter XXI verse 1 and Curse ver 18. was made in rashnesse and rage out of a blinde zeale and superstitious ignorance And by Gods Law might and ought to have been broken And was unlawful to be kept and much lesse to have fraud and violent rape without consent either of parties or parents used for the keeping of it Which yet they did thinking to silence thereby the cry of a superstitious conscience in themselves and to provide also for the like in those parents of the 200 Virgins ver 22. Women The women and children verse 10 here are unjustly and outragiously slaughtered Here again rash zeal out-runs right reason Ruth THE Book and History of Ruth falls in with the time of Deborah or Gideou as may be gatherd by comparing Matth. 1. 5. with the end of this History and what formerly hath been said upon Rahabs marriage And the History serves mainly to continue and declare the Genealogie of our Saviour Jesus Christ Chap. IV. 18 22. Famine In the time of the Oppression of Jabin chapter I verse 1 or the Midianites Ephrathites Ch. IV. 11. Bethlehem was called Ephrath verse 2 Gen. XXXV 19. Micah V. 2. Matth. II. 6. Of Bethlehem Judah To distinguish it from Bethlehem in the Tribe of Zebulun Josh. XIX 15. And these persons from those of the Tribe of Ephraim who were likewise called Ephrathites 1 King XI 26. Ruth The subject matter not the Author of this Book verse 4 Mothers house I am but your Mother-in-Law verse 8 Moe sons in my womb See Deut. XXV verse 11 5 6. And unto her gods Orpha's idolatrous inclination verse 15 Returne thou As Josh. XXIV 19. Testified against me As a witnesse of his just displeasure verse 21 and my sinne Barley-harvest Part of our March and April Lev. XXIII 10 verse 22 15 16. Let me gleane Her modesty notwithstanding the Law chapter II verse 7 Lev. XIX 9 10. and XXIII 22. An 20. Ephah See the Observations on Exod. XVI 36. One of our next kinsmen Who hath right to redeem verse 17 c. And ought also to marry the Widow of his Kinsman verse 20 being dead without issue Levit. XXV 25 26. Deut. XXV 5 6 7. Mar. XII 19. Uncover his feet Naomi well knew the piety and chastity of Boaz chapter III verse 4 and of Ruth and confidently trusted therein Spread therefore thy skirt Receive me into thy protection by taking me to be thy wife verse 9 according to the Law Lie down untill the morning Boaz not offended with this maner of her approach verse 13. 14. and motion Not be known Boaz then did lie alone in a roome by himself and is careful to avoid scandal Six See the Observations on Gen. XVIII 6. verse 15
Gate Gates of Cities were the ordinary places of audience chapter IV verse 1 and judicature Deut. XVII 2 8. 2 Sam. XIX 8. Prov. XXXI 23. Jer. XXXVIII 7. Lam. V. 13. And the usual maner of Prophets was to publish their Prophecies in the Gates either of the Temple or of the Citie of Jerusalem Jer. VII 2. and XIX 2. and XXVI 10. and sometimes of the Kings house as places of greatest concourse of people Jer. XVII 19. and XXII 1 2. Lest I marre mine own inheritance Want an heire verse 6 if I shall have but one childe by her or having many she being young and poor weaken mine owne inheritance in dividing it among so many specially if he were now a widower and had children by his former wife A man plucked off his shoe These Ceremonies then used in buying verse 7 and bargaining of land in reedeeming and changing had some resemblance to that Law Deut. XXV 8 9. But with diverse differences See Psal. LX. 8. The Ceremonies that respected the person of Ruth are here not mentioned but may seeme either omitted or else transacted with much alteration from the first institution as those times now were THe two Books of Samuel are thought to be written by Samuel Nathan and Gad one after another 1 Chron. XXIX 29. Yet some passages in them may seeme to intimate the writing of them to have been of a later time As 1 Sam. V. 5. and XXVII 6. and XXX 25. 2. Sam. VI. 8 and XVIII 8. They may better be called The I. and II. Book of Kings The I. containing all the History of King Saul Samuel dying 1 Sam. XXV And the II. the History of King Ishbosheth shortly and of King David at large And so do the LXX and many other stile them I. Samuel THis first Book contains an History of eighty years viz fourty in the time of Heli Ch. IV 18. in the four first Chapters And fourty in the times of Samuel and King Saul in the rest If Samuels time be reckoned in with that of Saul Or rather thus fourty to Eli whereof the former half runs up in the times of the Judges in the twenty years of Sampson And the later halfe or twenty begins with this Book after the death of Sampson and the end of the Book of the Judges And then follow twenty years of Samuels Government alone And after that fourty years of King Saul Acts XIII 21. In the former part whereof Samuel also lived and partly judged with him as appears in the XIII XV. XVI XIX Chaters of this Book though he withdrew from Saul in his last dayes 1 Sam. XV. 35. And died ch XXV And in regard whereof they are named as joynt partners in the administration of the Government 1 Sam. XI 7. Still in the whole eighty years An Ephrathite As the Jewes are called Cretes chapter I verse 1 and Arabians Parthians Medes Elamites c. because borne and bred up in those Countreys Acts II. 9 10 11. For though borne or at least dwelling in Mount Ephraim in Ramah yet was Elkanah and so Samuel his son of the posterity of Izhar the son of Kohath the son of Levi 1 Chron. VI. 33 38. Eli Eli or Heli verse 3 was by unknown descents of the posterity not of Eleazer the elder but of Ithamar the younger son of Aaron the son of Amram the son of Kohath the son of Levi. Eli was extraordinarily both High Priest and Judge And a good and famous man though faulty and infamous in his children And therfore more grievously punished for their flagitious wickednesse then Samuel for his sons lesser faults See the sins of the sons of the High Priest Joshua Ezra X. 18. From Eli descended Phinehas his son Ahitub his son 1 Sam. IV. 19 21. compared with chap. XIV 3. Ahimelech his son slaine by Saul his brother was Ahijah 1 Sam. XIV 3. and XXII 9 11. Abiathar his son in Davids time 1 Sam. XXII 20. 1 King I. 7. This Abiathar is named High Priest by our Saviour Marke II. 26. when David did eate the Shew-bread because Abiathar then was with his Father Ahimelech joyned in that action of giving the bread to David instantly succeeded in his Fathers roome and Priesthood was therein more eminent then his Father and continued therein with David in his persecution by Saul and in all the time of his reigne afterward And thus have we no need in that whole History of Ahimelech and Abiathar Father and son to make them Binomii to be both known by both those names and both indifferently called by either yet see the great Annotations on 1 Chron. XVIII 16. This Abiather was thrust out of the High Priesthood by Solomon 1 King II. 26 27. And the sons of Abiathar were Ahimelech and Jonathan 2 Sam. VIII 17. and XV. 27. This Ahimelech and not his Grandfather of the same name is he that is usualy joyned with Zadok in Davids reigne And both then are named Priests 2 Sam. VIII 17. 1. Chron. XXIV 31. i. e. Priests of the second ranck or next the High Priest who then was Abiathar Such a second Priest we read of 2 King XXV 18. Jer. LII 24. who upon any extraordinary occurrent restraining or disabling the High Priest was to supply his place This Jonathan the son of Abiathar was imployed with Ahimaaz the son of Zadok as newes-bearer to David in his flight from Absolom 2 Sam. XV. 27 28. and XVII 17. Of Zadok See 2 Sam. VIII 17. Temple So is the Tabernacle here called verse 9 And so chap. III. 3. 2 Sam. XXII 7. Psal. XXVII 6. And so again The Temple is called a Tabernacle Lam. II. 6. Samuel We read not that he was High Priest verse 20 or ever so called But an extraordinary Prophet and Judge a Nazarite ver 11. a Sacrificer though a Levite onely and most likely of the posterity of that Korah Num. XVI 32. and of the race of Izhar the son of Kohath the son of Levi as was formerly said 1 Chron. VI. A rare and worthy person The doores of the house of the Lord The Hangings of the Gate of the Court chapter III verse 15 Exod XXVII 16. Ark The Ark so precious in the eyes of God chapter IV verse 3 and of the Israelites and that worthily Psal LXXVIII 61. and CXXXII 8. 1. Sam. IV. 20. Was carried about the walls of Jericho and then returned into the Tabernacle Being in the Tabernacle in Shiloh it was taken thence and never came into the Tabernacle again and was carried to Eben-Ezer a place ominous then but a monument of Gods help soone after into the Camp 1 Sam. IV. 1 3 4 5. and V. 1. that it might save them out of the hand of their enemies the Philistines As we read the Philistines themselves in the dayes of David brought their Images into their Camp 2 Sam V. 21. 1 Chron. XIV 12. The Ark being taken there by the Philistines they carried it about to Ashdod into
Hoshea truly began in the fourth of Ahaz which was the twentieth from the time that Jotham began to reigne not that Jotham reigned twenty years till Hoshea began And Hoshea had reigned nine years in the twelfth of Ahaz And these first nine years the Sacred story passeth over in silence He having done nothing remarkable or memorable in them His later nine years are storied on t thus That the first of them begins in the twelfth of Ahaz 2 King XVII 1. That in the third of them which was the last of Ahaz Hezekiah began to reigne 2 King XVIII 1. That in the seventh of them and fourth of Hezekiah Shalmanezar came and besieged Samaria 2 King XVIII 9. That in the ninth and last of them and sixth of Hezekiah Shalmanesar took Samaria and carried all captives into Assyria and finaly extinguished that Kingdome of Israel 2 King XVIII 10 11. The Names then and the Numbers of the years of the Reignes of the Kings of Judah and of Israel in this II. Book of Kings are as followeth viz. of Judah years Iehoram as viceroy 4 In all 12. Imperfect Joynt King with his father Iehoshaphat 2 Sole King after his fathers death 6 Ahaziah 1 imperfect Athaliah 6 Ioash 40 Amatziah 17 Vzziah 52 Iotham 15 Ahaz 14 Hezekiah 29 Manasseh 55 Amon 2 Iosiah 31 Iehoachaz  Iehojakim 11 Iehoachin  Zedekiah 11 Thence to Iehoiachins advancement 26 Kings of Israel years Ahaziah 1 Iehoram 11 Iehu 28 Iehoahaz 15 Ioash or Iehoash 16 Ieroboam 41 Zechariah  Shallum  Menachem 10 Pekahiah 2 Pekah 20 Hoshea 18 See my Annotations on Hos. I. 1. If thou see me chapter II verse 10 This signe was of Gods appointment And the thing done on the East-side of Iordan a Minstrel To quiet chapter III verse 15 quicken and compose his spirit his eldest sonne The King of Edoms eldest son verse 27 taken by the King of Moab in this eruption See Amos II. 1. and the Annotations there Shunem A Citie in the Tribe of Issachar chapter IV verse 8 Iosh. XIX 18. And hath in the same Tribe standing from it Iezreel towards the South Mount Gilboa towards the South-East The river Kishon on the East and Mount Tabor towards the North-North-East in the Confines of the Tribe of Zebulon In Shunem the Philistines pitched against Saul in Gilboa 1 Sam. XXVIII 4. Here was borne Abishag that fair Virgin that lay in Davids bosome to cherish him as a wife-nurse in his decreped age And was afterwards sought for in marriage by Adonijah but to the losse of his life in the State-wisdome of Solomon 1 King I. and II. chapters And here dwelt this great and good woman that made these accommodations for the Prophet Elishah and upon his Prophetical promise obtained a sonne and had him miraculously raised from death of life againe by Elishah coming from Mount Carmel hither as is in this IV. Chapter And further upon this accompt after her seven years absence on the Prophets direction by reason of the Famine to ensue during that time she returning out of the Land of the Philistines had her house lands and profits of her estate restored to her by Iehoram King of Israel 2 King VIII Gilgal Of this see the Annotations on Hos. IV. 15. verse 38 twenty loaves of barley This was more then the bread of his first fruits came to verse 42 King of Syria This was Benhadad the son of Benhadad chapter V both Kings of Syria verse 5 1 Kings XV. 18 19 20. and XX. 1. 34. 2 King VI. 24. and VIII 7. 2. Chron. XVI 2. The father was the sonne of Tabrimon the sonne of Hezion King of Syria 1 King XV. 18. This the sonne slew Ahab at Ramoth-Gilead 1 King XXII 35 37. Who contrary to Gods command had saved him 1 King XX. 42. And besieging Samaria he brought it to that extreme famine 2 King VI. 24 25. And after at Ramoth-Gilead he wounded Jehoram the son of Ahab 2 King VIII 28 29. Whence returning to Jezreel to be healed of his wounds he was slaine by Jehu 2 King IX 24. And this son died 2 King VIII 15. A third Benhadad King of Syria was the son of Hazael 2 King XIII 3 24. Benhadad signifies the son of Hadad And Hadad was a name very common among the Kings of Edom or Idumea Gen. XXXVI 35. 1 Chron. I. 50. 1 King XI 14 but afterwards grew more common with the Kings of Syria insomuch as Benhadad may seeme a name common to the Kings of Syria See Jer. XLIX 27. Amos I. 4. And take here a Catalogue of the Kings of Syria as we finde them in Scripture thus Omitting Chushan-Rishathaim who was King of Aram-Naharaim or Syria between the two rivers that is Tigris and Euphrates or of Mesopotamia Judg. III. 10. We finde these Kings of Syria properly so called whereof Damascus was the chief Citie viz. Hadadezer or Hadarezer in Davids time 2 Sam. VIII 5 6 13. and X. 6 8 16. Rezon in the dayes of Solomon 1 King XI 23 24 25. Benhadad the son of Tabrimon the son of Hezion in the dayes of Asa 1 King XV. 18 19 20. Benhadad the son of Benhadad in the dayes of Ahab and of Elias and Eliseus And Nahaman was the Captain of his hoast 1 King XX. 1 20 26 32 34. and XXII 3. and 2 King V. 1 2 6 7. and chap. VI. 8 12 23 24. and chap VII 4. 16. Hazael in the dayes of Joram Jehu Iehoahaz 1 King XIX 15. 2 King VIII 7 8 13. and X. 32. and XII 17. and XIII 3 22. Benhadad the son of Hazael in the dayes of Iehoash ◠King XIII 24 25. Rezin in the dayes of Pekah and of Ahaz 2 King XVI 5. Esay VII 1. 16. and VIII 4. Talents See my Observations on Exod. XXXVIII 24. Go in peace A fare-well phrase verse 19 a friendly dismission with little or no relation to what Nahaman had said as little minding it and of smal concernment to the greater engagements that then lay upon him which kinde of Answers are not unusual The Leprosie Yet King Jehoram holds conference with Gehazi afterwards verse 27 2 King VIII 4. as upon sundry grounds and occasions incident in a right manner well he might are come down chapter VI verse 9 Here the holy Pen-man useth a word of the Syrian language Dothan In the Tribe of Ephraim verse 13 about mid-way between Samaria and Shechem Here Joseph findes his brethren feeding their flocks Gen. XXXVII 13 17. This is not the way No verse 19 nor the place or Citie whereby and wherein to effect your purpose came no more Not these Bands verse 23 nor in this maner making inrodes or laying ambushes nor any at all of a long time after till Benhadad came with all his hoast ver 24. a Cab Is a Hebrew measure verse 25 Of this see my Observations on Gen. XVIII 6. of Doves dung Or of the corne found in the crop she flying into the Citie out of
be not meant hereby that part of Media which from this deportation seemes to be called Syromedia For Media belonged to the Kingdome of Assyria 2 King XVII 6. But Cyrene never being very farre distant from it Of the Altar Of Urijahs new Altar made by the command of King Ahaz verse 14 by the patterne of the Altar of Damascus Urijah the Priest This might be that Uriah verse 15 Esay VIII 2 unfaithful to God a fawning parasite to the wicked King but no wayes appears to be the High Priest Covert for the Sabbath A Covert for the Priests and Porters likely on the Sabbath verse 18 or a retiring place covered over to keep from winde and raine 2 Chron. XXVIII 24. in the City of David But not in the Sepulchers of the Kings verse 20 2 Chron. XXVIII 27. but not as Hosheah was the best of the Kings of Israel chapter XVII verse 2 And yet with him and in him that Kingdome was extirpated Carried Israel away into Assyria See the Observations on chap. verse 6 XV. 19. They feared the Lord The same Idolaters are said to Fear the Lord verse 32 34 And not to Fear the Lord 2 King XVII 32 33 34. Their folly is derided Ier. X. 3 4 5 8 9 14 15. Hezekiah Godly Hezekiah the son of most wicked Ahaz chapter XVIII verse 1 2 Chron. XXVIII 22. And father of a like wicked Manasseh 2 King XXIV 3. 2 Chron. XXXIII And godly Iosiah not much unlike He is a Type of Christ Esay XXXII 1. twenty five years old And therefore was borne in the eleventh yeare of his father Ahaz verse 2 because Ahaz was twenty years old when he began to reigne and reigned sixteen years 2 King XVI 2. In all thirty six when he died Out of which take the foresaid twenty five and so Hezekiah must be borne in the eleventh aforesaid A thing not impossible But to make Ahaz to be twenty not when himself but his father Iotham began to reigne as it wresteth the Text so it implies an utter impossibility because Iotham was but twenty five years old when he himself began to reigne 2 King XV. 33. which thing was not well considered by the excellent Tremellius when he asserted that opinion nor is it much favoured though noted by our Annotators on 2 King XVI 2. In the fourteenth year Sennacherib comes up against Hezekiah verse 13 and partly prevailes against him See the causes of this his warre in the learned Annotations on Esay XXXVI 1. And in the later end of that year Hezekiah fell sick for he had 15. years added to his life 2 King XX. 6. which make up the twenty nine of his reigne And in this time of his sicknesse he had no some because Manasseh his eldest sonne was borne three years after this sicknesse being but twelve years old when his father Hezekiah died 2 King XXI 1. a Signe The present plenty chapter XIX verse 29 notwithstanding the Sabbatical year and the enemies abode and waste made in the Land should be a Signe to them for confirmation of the truth of Gods Promise for the overthrow of Sennacherib and their deliverance Of Signes see these Observations on Exod. III. 12. and on 2 King XX. 9. Camp of the Assyrians Either before Libnah verse 35 or Jerusalem or both 2 Chron. XXXII 9. See the Observations on Esay XXXVII 36. his sonnes These words have an empty place left for them in the Hebrew Tex verse 37 and are printed only in the margent But they are in the Text XXXVII 38. ten degrees This choise was given to Hezekiah about mid-day chapter XX verse 9 when the shadow of the Sunne might go forward or backward ten degrees on the Dial of Ahaz a famous Dial haply mural and haply visible to Hezekiah out of his bed-chamber and so likewise in all other Dials distinguished into half hours as that of Ahaz was And so ten degrees make five hours And the Miracle was not only in the Shadow going backward but in the Sunne also going backward ten degrees though whether in an instant or in the set course of time or its ordinary continual motion is not certaine Esay XXXVIII 8. Which made the Ambassadors of the Princes of Babylon to be sent unto him to enquire of the wonder that was done in the Land 2 Chron. XXXII 31. See on Esay XXXVIII 8. Altars Idolatrous Altars chapter XXI verse 3 and Images set up in the House of the Lord ver 4 5 7. eighteenth year From this famous year chapter XXII verse 3 both those thirty years Ezek. I. 1. And those fourty dayes or years of the sinne of Judah chap. IV. 6. seeme to take their rise and reckoning the Book of the Law The knowledge of it verse 8 and the Lawes in it seemes a rare and strange thing as at other times so in the dayes of good Josiah 2 King XXII 10 11. 2 Chron. XXXIV 19 21. notwithstanding that Law Deut. XXXI 10 11. in peace Josiah died in peace verse 20 according to the Promise not seeing the Evils to come though he was slaine in battel 2 King XXII 20. and XXIII 29. 2 Chron. XXXIV 28. Topheth Called Tophte chapter XXIII verse 10 Esay XXX 33. The name is from Toph signifying a Drum Tabret or Timbrel such as idolatrous Priests used to beat upon in the time of their detestable sacrificing of children to Moloch to drowne their skrikes and cries Levit. XX. 2. 2 Chron. XXVIII 3. and XXXIII 6. 2 King XVI 3. and XXI 6. Psal. CVI. 38. This the Jewes learned from the Heathen Deut. XII 31. This Tophet stood in a pleasant valley on the South-side of Jerusalem Josh. XV. 8. and chap. XVIII 16. Belonging to one Hinnom and his sons and called therefore the valley of Hinnom Gehinnom or Ge-bene-Hinnom the valley of the sonnes of Hinnom Whence the Greek and Latin take the word Gehenna and use it for Hell fitly resembled by such a Type for the horrid acts and sufferings used therein Matth. XVIII 8 9. Mar. IX 43 48. James III. 6. And allusion is made hereunto Matth. V. 22. This place was defiled and destroyed by Josiah in this Text. See the Annotations on Esay XXX 33. and on Jer. VII 31. Jehoahaz Called also Joachaz verse 31 and Johanan and in the opinion of the most and best Shallum likewise The Prophesie concerning Shallum Jer. XXII 10 11 12. best agreeing to him And supposing that Shallum the fourth sonne of Josiah mentioned 1 Chron. III. 15. to be dead before his father yet under the name of Johanan he is called the first-borne of Joâ—â—h 1 Chron. III. 15. in respect likely that he first succeeded him in his throne 2 Chron. XXXVI 1. Of him see Ezek. XIX 3 4. Jehojakim Jehojakim called also Joachim verse 36 and Eliakim as Solomon was also called Iedidiah and Lemuel was the eldest sonne of Iosiah Of him and his Burial we read Ier. XXII 19. and XXXVI 30. 2 Chron. XXXVI 5 6. Ezek. XIX 5
and all for his own safety 1 King XII 27. And to gaine their possessions making Priests of the lowest of the people which were not of the sonnes of Levi 2 Chron. XIII 9. A practise well beseeming Rebels Devils Idols here so called verse 15 in the way of David verse 17 and Solomon This charitably implies the Repentance of Solomon as well as his Ecclesiastes doth in his last dayes though haply he could not reforme all Idolatry as neither Manasseh could after his repentance 2 Chron. XXXIII 7. and dispersed As Gen. verse 23 XXV 5 6. 2 Chron. XXI 3. Israel Put and meant for Judah chapter XII chap. XV. 17. See the Observations on 2 Chron. XXI 2. against Jerusalem After this Jerusalem was taken about tenne times verse 9 one and fourty Therefore borne in the first year of the reigne of his father King Solomon verse 13 four hundred thousand Huge are the armies of the Jews chapter XIII 1200000 Jewes in those armies of Abijah and Jerrboam Wherein slaine on Jeroboams side five hundred thousand verse 3 much more then every one his man the greatest number that ever we read slaine in any battel v. 17. In the reigne of Asa he had out of Judah and Benjamin an army of 500080. And he fought against an army of Zerah the Ethiopian of a thousand thousand and three hundred Charets likely meaning three hundred thousand Charets 2 Chron. XIV 8 9. the greatest army that we read of And in Jehoshapha's time he had men of warre waiting on him 1160000. besides those whom he put in the fenced Cities throughout all Judah 2 Chron. XVII 14 19. children of Belial i. e. without yoake verse 7 or without profit as the word signifieth Deut. XIII 13. Such as Judg. XIX 22. 1 Sam. II. 12. and X. 27. and XXV 17. 1 King XXI 13. This title doth Shimei give falsely to David 2 Sam. XVI 7. But is truly given to the Devil 2 Cor. VI. 15. was young Not in age but in experience and policy being then as was said fourty one years old fourteene wives Fourteene wives in his life-time verse 21 for his reigne was but short even three years ver 2. ten years Yet likely some small skirmishes there were chapter XIV verse 1 1 King XV. 16 32. Mareshah A Citie in the North-West part of the tribe of Judah Josh. verse 10 XV. 44. There Michah the Prophet was borne Michah I. 1. And here as we see in the Valley of Zephathah at Mareshah Asa overthrew the hugest hoast that ever we read of Xerxes army not excepted of Zerah the Ethiopian Gerar Gerar anciently a Citie and Kingdome of the Philistines verse 13 whose Kings seeme all to be called Abimelechs where Abraham and Isaac a while lived both offending in denying their wives Gen. XX. and XXVI Isaac leaving the Citie dwelt in the valley of Gerar. Gen. XXVI 17. a most fruitful valley ver 12. as it were the Granarie of Canaan when famine was elsewhere in the Land ver 1. Here Isaac digged againe the Wells of water digged by Abraham and stopped by the Philistines And he digged others new After Gerar fell to the tribe of Simeon And hither as we see Asa pursued the Ethiopians and smote all the Cities round about Gerar. long season Thirty or thirty one years chapter XV verse 3 conceiving this to be in the eleventh year of Asa at the end of those ten years chap. XIV 1. Israel The ten tribes under Jeroboam Nadab and Baasha did turne We read not of their turning in those thirty years verse 4 This then may be taken by way of supposition If they had turned God would have been found of them Or else Israel in the former verse may relate to all Gods people and comprehend in it also former times even the times of the Judges themselves Be ye strong Ye of Judah and Benjamin verse 7 ver 2. Oded See the Annotations on this verse verse 8 Both sonne ver 1. and father here might prophesie renewed the Altar And likely that whole Court whereunto that chap. XX. 5 seems to have reference strangers Those Israelites out of the ten tribes verse 9 that fell to Judah are here called strangers third moneth Likely at the Feast of Weeks or Pentecost verse 10 fifteenth year This may seeme a second and more through Reformation four or five years after his victory against Zerah Or else that victory must be reduced to this fifteenth year of Asa. And till that time they had had rest and no warre which fifteenth of Asa was the thirty five in his reigne i. e. since the Kingdome of Judah was divided from the Kingdome of Israel ver 19. viz. 17. of Rehoboam three of Abijah and these fifteen of Asa. six and thirty It is clear that this well may chapter XVI verse 1 and needs must be understood likewise of that Kingdome wherein Asa was now King For Baasha began to reigne in the third year of Asa 1 King XV. 28. And reigning twenty four years ver 33. he must needs die in the twenty seventh of Asa or twenty six complete And so we finde it 1 King XVI 8 And therefore this thirty sixth wherein Baasha waged warre with Asa must needs be meant of the Kingdome of Judah that is since the first division of the two Kingdomes And so reckoning the seventeen years of Rehoboams reigne and three of Abijah we finde this thirty sixth to be the sixteenth of Asa the next year after that full Reformation mentioned 2 Chron. XV. 10. And to be the thirteenth year of the reigne of Baasha See a like passage 2 Chron. XXII 2. Ramah Ramah of Benjamin bordering upon Judah Josh. XVIII 25. See the Annotations on Hos. V. 8. Hanani The father of the Prophet Jehu verse 7 chap. XIX 2. 1 King XVI 1. of Syria escaped Which God might and would otherwise have delivered into his hand as he did the Ethiopians if Asa had not prevented the occasion and opportunity thereof by his foolish sending to and for Benhadad to aide him and break his League with Baasha and so shewing thereby that he relied not upon the Lord but upon Benhadad for which he is justly reproved and punished a very great burning Greeks and Romanes of old used to burne their dead bodies verse 14 specially of their Great ones with a great deale of cost burning huge piles and curious fabricks of timber together with abundance of odoriferous spices at their Funerals gathering their ashes into an Urne and so layed up in their Monuments And among the Jewes we read something like viz. of Burning at the Exequies of their Kings so here and Jer. XXXIV 5. of such of them at least as lived beloved and died desired which was to others denied 2 Chron. XXI 19. Jer. XXII 19. and XXXVI 30. But we read not That this Burning was of their Bodies but of sweet Odours only at and in their Sepulchers taught in Judah The Priests and Levites did so chapter XVII
God The beginning of their song verse 26 or part of their praise from the fountain of Israel Ye that flow from that fountain are of that progeny Esay XLVIII 2. Deut. XXXIII 28. Deut. V. 15 18. There is Both those near verse 27 and those a farre off meet and joyne in this praising of God See Psal. LX. 9. little Benjamin The youngest sonne of Iacob and least Tribe since their fatal blow Iudg. XX. and contesting most for Sauls house against David Yet he here one if not first among them And all the rest likewiseâ—joyne ruler Of the enemies or rather of the Benjamites but no way of the other Tribes Thy God He petitions for strength and growth of blessings verse 28 as God had formerly begun to work for them hath commanded So Deut. XXVIII 8. Psal. CXXXIII 2. XLII 8. and XLIV 4. and LXXI 3. See Psal. XXXIII 9. Matth. VIII 8 9. thy strength The strength of the King and of the people Because of thy Temple Because of thy Promises made to thy Church verse 29 and thy presence at thy Temple Ark and Tabernacle therefore thou wilt grant and do according to the foresaid Petition Shall Kings David and his successors shall therefore with all grateful and thankful acknowledgement worship thee Rebuke He petitions against the adversaries of the Church verse 30 proud cruel and malitious Rebuke them in word and deed The meaning is contained in the last words of the verse the company of spear-men Of enemies armed with Lances and Spears or Reeds fitted and used for Spears or arrowes as the maner of those times was buls with the calves The robustick and strong enemies with the rest of the rude and Epicurish multitude Psal. XXII 12. Amos. IV. 1. submit himself with pieces of silver Though hypocriticaly Or rather that glories and vaunts himself in his brave attire embroydered with pieces of silver and out-braves and tramples upon others or is so rich as he seemes to tread silver under foot yet indeed trusts in it and boast himself of it And such usually though unprovoked delight to break forth into warre and wrong-doing such enemies of thy people rebuke and break Princes Prophesying of the calling of the Gentiles to Christ verse 31 he exhorteth them to praise God Ephes. III. 5 6. Esay XLIX 6. and LXVI 19. stretch out her hands In prayer in offerings in way of subjection a mighty voice Psal. XXIX His thunder verse 33 Heb. IV. 11. Ascribe Adds arguments for Gods praise verse 34 terrible To be had in reverence in the assembly of his Saints verse 35 and dreadful to his enemies faile while I waite The constancie and earnestnesse of Davids hope and expectation chapter LXIX verse 3 For the zeale of thine house Literaly true in David verse 9 Psal. XXVII 8. Principaly true in Christ the Sonne of David and to him applied by his disciples John II. 15 16 17. And so are the later words of this verse by the Apostle Rom. XV. 3. They gave me also gall Verified in our Saviour verse 21 and in relation had to this text John XIX 28 29. Let their table This used by David against his enemies verse 22 applyed by the Apostle against the Jewes in his time Rom. XI 9. Let their habitation That which David speaketh here of his enemies verse 25 and as Type of Christ of Christs enemies Saint Peter applieth to Judas the traitor Acts I. 20. blotted out Phil. IV. 3. Apoc. III. 5. Luke X. 20. Heb. XII 23. verse 28 Of Imprecations see the Observations on Psal. CIX 14 15. Sion The Type of the Church verse 36 inherit it Under the temporal promises of the Land of Canaan verse 35 are comprehended the promises of life everlasting to the faithful and their posterity Psal. CII 28. to the true Israel of God the true members of the Church Esay XLIV 26. for to bring to remembrance For to record chapter LXX See the Title of Psal. XXXVIII Both Psalmes are not to remember any notable deliverance or benefit already received But rather a time and case of affliction and distresse For the matter of both shew that they were inspired in such a time and do make earnest petition for deliverance to deliver me This Psalme is in a maner the same with Psal. XL. 13 17. verse 1 Cause me to escape Likely from Absalom chapter LXXI verse 2 For this Psalme may seem to be penned by David though his name be not in the Title and in his old age God This word is Jehovih verse 5 that is with the vowels of Elohim So again verse 16. and Psal. LXVIII 20. And so it is usually written when as I have said Adonai goeth before it or next followeth it At other times having the vowels of Adonai it is pronounced Lord. See 2 Sam. VII 18 19 20. a wonder Esay VIII 18. verse 7 Heb. II. 13. Zech. III. 8. and 1 Corinth IV. 9. even of thine only not mine owne verse 16 which is none to thine quicken me again verse 20 and shalt bring me up Me me in the Hebrew margin but us us in the text For Solomon Made by David for him chapter LXXII verse ult by David in his old age The like inscription is Psal. CXXVII This Psalme is composed as in the name of the Church And contains a Prayer a Praise and a Prophesie of the just peaceable righteous merciful plentiful flourishing estate and large extent and bounds of the Kingdome of Solomon set out indeed with some hyperbolical expressions scarcely appliable to him or to any mortal man So as Solomon may be the immediate object of the words he literaly intended in them But yet he so as a Type of Christ and of his Kingdome who is in truth the maine subject of this Psalme For all in a mystical sense is appliable to Christ more truly then to Solomon appliable to him in a spiritual sense exactly without any hyperbole For Solomon see that 2 Sam. VII 14. c. For Christ see that Heb. I. 5. And that passadge Psal. LXXXIX 19 37. is not unlike the subject matter of this Psalme This premised may serve to clear the hardest places of this Psalme The prayers Psalmes verse 20 Hymnes Songs are ended As the like is said of Davids words 2 Sam. XXIII 1. The one may be as an Appendix of the other This his last Prayer though not placed in the last place Or the last of those that David set in order before his death or the last in this second part or book of the Psalmes as they are all divided into five parts Or his last touching Solomon and his prophesying of Christ and his Kingdome So various may our thoughts and interpretations be and so uncertaine and unsafe to pitch and fixe upon any single one Truly The Psalmist premiseth this chapter LXXIII verse 1 as his undoubted ground against all conflicting doubts as a pacificatory protestation before this his contesting plea Touching the prosperity of the wicked and his
though that tookest Even when thou tookest vengeance of their inventions verse 8 yet even then a forgiving God a God answearing their prayers and not we Or chapter C verse 3 and his we are as the Hebrew in the margin readeth it Deut. VII 6 7. and chap. IX 4. c. Psal. XCV 5. A Psalme of David This seemes inspired and written by David chapter CI when he was new made King Or as some He promiseth what to do when he shall be made King and how he will governe his own house in the meane time not know Matth. chapter CII verse 4 VII 23. of the afflicted Or for the afflicted A set forme of Prayer for him for any in a poor afflicted estate And so divers other set formes of prayer are found in Scripture in a set forme of words As Num. VI. 24 25 26. Matth. VI. 9 13. And again at another time and upon another occasion Luke XI 1 4. Psal. XX. and XXI This Prayer may seeme inspired and composed by Daniel or some other Prophet towards the end of the Babylonish Captivity verse 13 16. Zech. I. 12 13. the appointed time Jer. verse 13 XXIX 10. Dan. IX 2 24. c. in her stones Neh. verse 14 II. 13. c. and IV. 2. Zech. I. 22. Of old This verse verse 25 and the two next are cited Heb. I. 10 11 12. and applied to prove the Deity of Christ. This Psalme chapter CIII and the four following containe the Praises of God and the arguments of his Praise both Ordinary and Extraordinary in relation to his Church and to all his Creatures thy youth is renued like the Eagles Thou keepest thy self fresh and vigorous verse 5 as in thy youth thou returning to the dayes of thy youth Job XXXIII 25. And like the Eagles youth or strength and vigour which abides so long even to and in old age and length of very many years and seemes to renew her youth by the casting of her feathers yearly not her bill the upper beak whereof groweth at last in an extreme old age so to over-grow and bend over the lower beak as causeth the Eagle to die of famine not of feeblenesse Arist. lib. 9. cap. 32. de historia animalium See Esay XL. 31. hoasts ye Ministers Both Angels verse 21 and men and all his creatures Ephes. 3. 10. Col. I. 16. 1 Kings XXII 19. Gen. XXXII 2. Psal. CIV 4. Dan. VII 10 Apoc II. 1. Esay LXI 6. Neh. IX 6. This Psalme is exquisite for loftinesse chapter CIV and other ornaments with light as with a garment Gen. verse 2 I. 3. 1 Tim. VI. 16. He wholly so shines as the eyes of any no not of the Angels are able to behold the luster and splendor thereof As neither we that of the Sunne the beams of his chambers in the waters Maketh and distinguisheth the regions of the aire verse 3 as into lofts or upper chambers in and by the watery clouds ver 13. his Angels spirits Alledged and interpreted of Angels verse 4 Heb. I. 7. useth them being spiritual substances as speedy active messingers ministers and executors of his will Heb. I. 14. his ministers a flaming fire The Angels such 2 Kings II. 11. and chap. VI. 17. Or the flashes of lightnings and other meteors are his ministers to do his will waters stood above the mountains At the Creation verse 6 Gen. I. 2. And at the Flood Gen. VII 20. to cover the earth Job XXXVIII 8 verse 9 10 11. Jer. V. 22. Gen. IX 11 13 15. oile Psal. XXIII verse 15 5. and XCII 10. Eccles. IX 8. Matth. VI. 17. her house In them is her house verse 17 Psal. LXXXIV 4. Job XXIX 18. Matth. VIII 20. Luke IX 58. Dan. IV. 12. Conies Prov. XXX 24 verse 18 26. in wisdome hast thou made them all By wisdome here to understand Christ punctualy verse 24 is more then the Text yeelds Or that Text either Prov. III. 19. though that be a sacred truth Heb. I. 2. Sea Not that Psal. verse 25 CXIV 3. but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that which particle doth distinguish the great Midland Sea from the other lesser go the ships See verse 10. verse 26 Gen. II. 14. Esay XXXIII 21. Leviathan The Whale Job XLI renewest By causing new creatures to come in the place of the old verse 30 Eccles. I. 4. Praise ye the Lord In the Hebrew verse 35 Halelu-jah Praise ye Jah This Halelu-jah is kept in the Greek and in other languages set sometimes in the beginnings sometimes in the end of Psalmes Apoc. XIX 1 3 4 6. O give thanks See the Observations on Psal. chapter CV verse 1 XCVI 1. whereby most likely it is that this is Davids Psalme his strength seeke his face The Ark where God declared his power and presence Psal. LXIII 2. and LXXVIII 61. See the Observations on Psal. XXVII 8. his judgements Esay XXVI 9. verse 7 Specialy those upon the Egyptians are famously known and spoken of oath unto Isaac To Abraham verse 9 in the Presence of Isaac Gen. XXII 17. and XXVI 3. mine anointed This is spoken of the Patriarchs verse 15 not of Kings my Prophets So Abraham is called Gen. XX. 7. with fetters Gen XXXIX verse 18 20. his word came Gods word in dreams touching his advancement verse 19 Gen. XXXVII 7 9. came to be fulfilled Or Josephs word in the interpretation of the dreams of Pharaohs Officers and of Pharaoh himselfe He turned See the Observations on Esay VI. verse 25 10. they rebelled not The Signes and Wonders did not verse 28 Or Moses and Aaron did not rebel c. haile for raine Raine rare in Egypt Zech. verse 32 XIV 18. much more haile first-borne Thus all the ten plagues of Egypt are reckoned up verse 36 save the fifth of Murrain of Beasts and the sixth of Boyles upon Man and Beast a cloud for a covering A large cloud to cover all that hoast from the parching heat of the Sun verse 39 Quailes Twice verse 40 Exod. XVI 13. Num. XI 31. dry places In the deserts of Sin verse 41 and Zin from the rocks of Rephidim Exod. XVII and Kadesh Num. XX. That they might Obedience the end of all Gods mercies verse 45 Exod. XIX 4 5 6. leannesse By their ratson chapter CVI verse 15 or lust they purchased to themselves razon leannesse yea a plague and death Psal. LXXVIII 30 31. Esay X. 16. Dathan Korah is omitted here verse 17 Oxe Elsewhere the terme of Caâ—â— is used verse 20 Ham Gen. verse 22 X. 6. pleasant land Deut. verse 24 XI 11 22. Ezek. XX. 6. See the Observations on Zech. VII 14. Baal-Peor See the Observations on Judges VIII verse 28 33. Baal signifieth Lord Master Husband or Patron Peor is the name of a mountaine And Beth Pehor the name of Baals Temple there Num. XXIII 28. Deut. III. 29. For the idolatry committed to this idol the Scripture sometimes for the word Baal useth Bosheth which signifieth shame Hos. IX 10. See Jer.
whose fire is in Zion Kept on his Altar there ever burning Or rather fire to burne up the enemies of him his worship his people a King Ezekiah chapter XXXII verse 1 Yet a type of Christ as before him David Ezek XXXIV 24. Shall reigne Hence some suppose this Prophecie to have been delivered in Ahaz his dayes Some in Hezekiahs concerning his religigious and righteous government of his people specialy after the overthrow of Sennacherib and his recovery out of his sicknesse Princes Under Hezekiah And a man Each one under him verse 2 in a weary land Where men are weary of travelling through heat and drought not be dim Or closed as those ch XXIX 10. and VI. 9. Not look another way verse 3 from God unto Idols from the light of Gods Word and his judgements conspicuously manifested unto them not wilfully shut their eyes or turne them aside from them as those chap. XXVI 11. Shall hearken Not refuse to hear as formerly chap. XXVIII 9 13. and XLVIII 18. but hearkeu diligently as chap. XXI 7. and XXIX 18. and XXX 21. and XXXV 5. stammerers That did but stammer before at any good and religious speech verse 4 shall now manifest the inward alteration and change of their hearts by their ready religious speaking the language of Canaan that which may minister grace and edification to the hearers no more called liberal They shall no more call vice verse 5 vertue evil good but they shall in singlenesse of soul call sinne sinne a spade a spade For the vile person His description verse 6 Churle His description verse 7 Liberal His description verse 8 The drift seemes to be this That in Hezekiah's reigne base-minded and evil-affected persons should not be now raised and advanced unto places of honour and authority as in his father Ahaz his time too many had been and too likely base and wicked Shebna But now only worthy men Rise up Esay here returnes to speak of those troubles that were to come verse 9 before the establishment of the State in maner before described ye women The Court-Ladies especialy that were faulty as the men and the more secure and carelesse as lesse fore-seeing dangers to come and yet must suffer in them alike though lesse able to bear them then the men Therefore Esay rouzeth up them and by them the men Many dayes and years Heb. Many dayes above a year verse 10 Some use the translation in the text and apply it to the LXX years in the Babylonish captivity Others rather use the marginal reading and apply it to a just and exact limitation of that calamitous time of almost two years whiles the Assyrian abode in the land For full two years he could not be there considering he came in in the fourteenth year of Hezekiah 2 Kings XVIII 13. And afterwards Hezekiahs life was prolonged fifteen years chap. XXXVIII 5. And he reigned but 29. in all 2 Kings XVIII 2. for the teats Which were to them as teats verse 12 Some translate There shall be beating upon the breasts Nahum II. 7. shall come up thornes Esay seemes here to passe from that short invasion of the Assyrian verse 13 to that greater and longer of the Chaldean Nebuchadnezzar As if he should say I am now farther to acquaint you with this later and which is far worse every way and of a far longer continuance in this and the next verse for ever a long time about seventy years Of ever see the Observations on Deut. XV. 17. Vntill the Spirit Esay concludes verse 15 as usualy with gracious Promises This promise may extend also to the time of the Messias when it shall haile coming down on the forrest God will preserve the fruits of the earth for them verse 19 that they shall not with storme and tempest be destroyed and the Citie shall be low in a low place Though the Cities built there yet shall be there secure verse 18. even though say some it haile never so much and Cities be brought never so low Blessed are ye Gods blessing on their husbandry and labours verse 20 Appliable to Gods spiritual husbandry in the Ministery of the Gospel This Chapter seemes to begin another Sermon chapter XXXIII continued on in the two next Chapters And in the whole Sermon Esay mainly insists upon the destruction of the enemies of Gods people and upon their defence and deliverance their priviledges and joyful flourishing estate thereupon ensuing and opposed thereunto This Chapter is much of the same nature and subject with the former Chapter Woe to thee Nebuchadnezzar or rather Sennacherib ver 8. verse 1 they shall deale treacherously with thee This may relate to Sennacheribs two sons slaying their father ch XXXVII 38. O Lord The Prayer of the faithful in time of trouble verse 2 At the noise This is in way of answer to the former Prayer verse 3 fled As the maner of the Prophets is to speak of things future as past So it came to passe in the Assyrian Camp your spoils Speaking to the Assyrians verse 4 shall he run upon them The Jew pillaging the Assyrian camp of thy times O Hezekiah verse 6 their valient ones shall cry Shew the disttesse of Gods people verse 7 the Jewes should be in the Ambassadors Sent with presents to Sennacherib 2 Kings XVIII 14. Or those sent out to Rabshakeh ch XXXVI 3. He hath broken the Covenant Sennacherib did so verse 8 2 Kings XVIII 14 17. Now will I arise To help and deliver my people verse 10 in this extremity ye shall conceive chaffe The Assyrians verse 11 as the burnings of lime Describes that fatal blow in the Assyrian Camp verse 12 The sinners in Zion are afraid Terrified with this dreadful execution done upon the Assyrians verse 14 and complaining and fearing lest the like vengeance might light also upon them as they knew they deserved it As Num. XVI 34. with devouring fire With God who is a consuming fire He that walketh The Prophets answer verse 15 Thine eyes shall see the King A further blessing that such should enjoy verse 17 the sight of their King and State settled in prosperity and glory the land that is very far off Liberty to travel abroad in safety unto the remotest parts of the land without danger or disturbance Or as some remote lands subdued by the King Where is the Scribe So now taunting Sennacherib verse 18 and his Officers in the Camp 1 Cor. I. 20. either minds not this Text or alludes only to the phrase in it not see For they shall be slaine verse 19 or flee Look upon Zion See how safe verse 20 and whole it is No galley Of any enemie shall be able with help of winde and oars verse 21 to get up to it to annoy it Thy tacklings Speaking to the Assyrians verse 23 the inhabitant Of Jerusalem forgiven their iniquity Being refined by their chastisements verse 24 and reformed and so God reconciled to them This Chapter chapter XXXIV for the
subject matter of it agreeth much with ch XXIV This being a Prophecie of the destruction of the enemies of Gods people And more particularly of the Edomites in Idumea set forth in many hyperbolical expressions And all the hoast of heaven So strange and dreadful shall Gods judgements be verse 4 that the whole frame of the world shall seeme to be dissolved It is the maner of Gods Prophets in their descriptions of some extraordinary judgements to set them forth in such colours as if they were deciphering the face of that last universal judgement whereof such are in some sort resemblances and forerunners And again to set forth the restitution and restauration of Gods people out of greatest calamities in such termes as have occasioned many to be mistaken in them conceiving no other then the general and joyful resurrection at the last day to be described in them Unicorns Or Rhinocerots See the Observations on Num. XXIII 22. verse 7 for ever and ever Heb. verse 10 ever of evers The Cormorant See the like verse 11 Chap. XIII 18 22. and XIV 23. Zeph. II. 13 14. Apoc. XVIII 2. Seek ye out The certainty of this Prophecie verse 16 As if each thing here were entred into a roll of Record In the day of the execution of this judgement take this Book read this passage and see if any of these be found wanting then and there they shall These wilde creatures shall verse 17 This Chapter agreeth much with chap. chapter XXXV XXV And containes the joyful and glorious restitution exaltation and exultation of Gods people Sharon A fertil region verse 2 and pleasant lying beneath mount Lebanon in the Tribe of God and adjoyning unto Bashan 1 Chron. V. 16. There were the Roses mentioned Cant. II. 1. There had David his herds feeding 1 Chron. XXVII 29. Likely it is the same with Lassharon Josh. XII 18. Strengthen ye He incites them to hearten and encourge one another verse 3 with faith and patience to expect the accomplishment of those glorious promises Then the eyes of the blind Fulfilled in Christs time verse 5 both corporaly and spiritualy For in the wildernesse Literaly true in the Jewish Kingdome verse 6 being there â—n a Type of Christs And an high way They shall be blessed with peace verse 8 and safety the way of holinesse A Type of the way to heaven but it shall be for those Holy ones verse 5 6. No Lion shall be there As the way so plaine verse 9 so as free from danger This History is brought in to confirme and seale up the truth of some of the Prophecies and Predictions aforegoing This is recorded 2 Kings XVIII and XIX 2 Chron. XXXII came up Upon pretence likely of the Contribution with-held by Hezekiah chapter XXXVI verse 1 which his father Ahaz had paid to Tiglath-Pilezer 2 Kings XVI 7 9. and XVIII 7. without the Lord Heb. Jehovah verse 10 that sonne of four letters as the Hebrews call it used here by Rabshakeh six times in his Speech Syrian language See the Observations on Ezra IV. 7. verse 11 dung and pisse See the Observations on 2 Kings X. 27. verse 12 and take you away The maner of Conquerours to transplant the Natives verse 17 Sepharvaim Subdued before his time verse 19 2 Kings XVII 24. Eliakim Now in Shebna's office and place verse 22 And Shebna now the Scribe and so here is the beginning of his fall chap. XXII 20 21. chap. XXXVII 2. This Chapter the same in substance with 2 Kings XIX chapter XXXVII a rumor Verse 9. and 36. verse 7 So Rabshakeh returned Most likely leaving the armie still before Jerusalem verse 8 Libnah See the Observations on 2 Kings VIII 22. Lachish See the Annotations on Micah I. 13. Ethiopia See the Observations on Gen. II. 13. warre with thee Either to assist the Jewes verse 9 or in Assyria in the absence of Sennacherib and his forces Thus shall ye speak Instructions to his messengers verse 10 delivered to them in writing and so by them in writing to Hezekiah Likely as if he scorned to write himself to Hezekiah but sent him only a Copie of the Instructions Eden See the Observations on Gen. II. 8. verse 12 Cherubims See the Observations on Gen. III. 24. verse 16 And the Annotations on Ezek. IX 3. and on this text a Signe See the Observations on chap. VII 14. verse 30 and on Exod. III. 12. ye shall eate this yeare A confirmation of Sennacheribs sudden departure and returne home And also including in it an assurance of a comfortable provision of necessary food for them out of the Land notwithstanding all the havock that Sennacheribs armies had made in it and the coincident Sabbatical year for intermission of culture See the Observations on Lev. XXV 21. Then In that night verse 36 2 Kings XIX 35. the very next night after the message sent from God by Esay and smote The maner how is not expressed in the camp Likely both before Jerusalem and Libnah See Ch. XXXVI 2. and verse 8 9 14 33. of this Chapter all dead corpses All in a maner Yet some escaped and sled with Sennacherib himself See chap. XVII 14. Nineveh See the Annotations on Jonah I. 2. verse 37 and on this text his sonnes These words here written verse 38 are read in the margin but not written in the text 2 Kings XIX 37. Armenia Heb. Ararat on the mountains whereof the Arke rested Esarhaddon See the Observations on Ezra IV. 2. In those dayes chapter XXXVIII verse 1 Shortly after Sennacheribs defeat and departure shalt die Yet a secret reservation there was See Jer. XVIII 7 8. Ezek. III. 18. See the Observations on Jonah III. 4. to the wall Which haply might be towards the Temple verse 2 or by that withdrawing that he might with the more privacie and intention make his addresse to God remember now Humbly appealing to God verse 3 touching the integrity and sincerity of his heart and endeavours wept sâ—re One cause might be the want of a son Manasseh was not yet born And the State of Church and Common-wealth much unsetled Then Afore Esay was gone out into the middle Court verse 4 2 Kings XX. 4. where the text is Citie but the margin Court And the first Court of the Kings house that neerest the Palace and farthest from the street or Citie seemes here to be meant to thy dayes That he had lived already verse 5 fifteene years About the one half of his reigne verse 6 will deliver thee and this Citie The promise before made is again here renewed assuring him as of his life so of peace and tranquility to be continued to him with it that Sennacherib should not return or any Assyrian to molest him or this Citie 2 Chron. XXXII 22. which yet afterwards was done in the dayes of his son Manasseh 2 Chron. XXXIII 11. a Signe Asked by Hezekiah ver 22. verse 7 and put to his choise 2 Kings XX. 8 10. So the Sunne returned ten