Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	country_n	england_n	great_a	1,515	5	2.7980	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A51359	A general treatise of artillery, or, Great ordnance writ in Italian by Tomaso Morretii ... ; translated into English, with notes thereupon, and some additions out of French for sea-gunners, by Sir Jonas Moore, Kt. ; with an appendix of artificial fire-works for war and delight, by Sir Abraham Dager ...; Trattato dell' artiglieria. English. 1683	Moretti, Tomaso, d. 1675.; Moore, Jonas, Sir, 1617-1679.; Dager, Abraham, Sir.; Fournier, Georges, 1595-1652. Hydrographie contenant la theorie et la pratique de toutes les parties de la navigation.	1683 (1683)	Wing M2726; ESTC R37646	59,051	154

proverbial Sayings sayings also on several subjects both pleasant and profitable for the attaining the Latin Tongue for the Use of St. Saviours-Southwark-School in large Octavo The English Orator or Rhetorical Descants by way of Declamation upon some notable Themes both Historical and Philosophical Indiculus Vniversalis or the Universe in Epitomy wherein the names of almost all the Works of Nature c. of all Arts and Sciences with their most necessary Terms are in English Latin and French methodically digested for the use of Schools ●arge Octavo Sr. Jonas More 's Modern Fortification Illustrated with Cuts in Brass large Octavo Sr. Jonas More 's Mathematical Compendium or useful practices in Arithmetick Geometry and Navigation Dyaling and the use of the Logarithms in Twelves Wit and Drollery jovial Poems corrected and amended with many new Additions in large Octavo Quarl's Fons Lachrymarum ora Fountain of Tears from whence doth flow Englands Complaint Jeremiah's Lamentation with Divine Meditations and an Elegy on Sr. Ch. Lucas Oct. Gerania of a new Discovery of a little sort of People called Pygmies with a Description of their Stature Habit Knowledge and Government in Octavo The Course of Catechising or the marrow of all Expositors that have writ any Exposition on the Church Catechism in Octavo Weighty Reasons for tender conscientious Protestants to be in Union and Communion with the Church of England and not to forsake the publick Assembly in divers Sermons large Octavo Philosophy delineated being a Resolution of divers knotty Questions upon sundry philosophical Notions in large Octavo Loveday's Letters Domestick and Forreign to several Persons in large Octavo Cleaveland's Poems Orations and Epistles together with his Life in large Octavo Leigh's Description of all the Counties in England setting forth the glory of this Nation in large Octavo The Antiquity of China wherein the Customs and Manners of China are presented with a large Map of the Country in large Octavo A Treatise of Taxes and Contributions shewing the Nature and Measures of Crown Lands Assesments Custom Poll-Mony Lotteries Benevolence Penalties Monopolies Offices Raising of Coins Hearth-Money Excise c. By Sr. William Pette Quarto A new Survey of the Turkish Empire History and Government being an exact Discovery of what is worthy or knowledge relating to that great Nation in large Octavo The Woman is as good as the Man setting forth the excellency of the Female Sex in Twelves English Military Discipline or the Way and Method of Exercising Horse and Foot according to the practise of the present Time in large Octavo A short History of the late English Rebellion begun in 1640 by Marchamont Needham The Ruin of Papistry a short display against the Simony of the Romish Church with a circulatory Letter to the Fathers of those Virgins that desert their Families to turn Nunns by Peter Dumoulin Octavo Ethice Christiana or the School of Wisdom being the substance of Moral Philosophy Dedicated to the Duke of Monmonth in Twelves The Grounds and Occasions of the Contempt of the Clergy together with Observations upon the Answerer Octavo The Evangelical Communicant in the Eucharistical Sacrament declaring who are to receive the Supper of the Lord in Octavo The whole Book of Psalms Paraphrased and turned into english Verse for the use of Parish Churches by Miles Smith in large Octavo St. Foyn Improved shewing the Excellency that England may receive by the Grass called St. Foyn Quarto Bishop Sanderson's Life with divers Resolutions of sundry Cases of Conscience Quarto The Priviledge and Practice of Parliaments in England Quarto Troja Rediviva or the Glories of London surveyed in an He roick Poem Quarto There is sold by the said Obadiah Blagrave an excellent Eye Water which Wonderfully cureth all Rheumes and preserveth the Eye in its perfect sight T●…logia Mystica or the divine Essence explicated by a new Method of mystical Divinity in Octavo FINIS a Anima Fig. 1. b Culatta Codone a Volata b Gioia della Bocca a Campa●ia a It has been found that Iron Guns made of pure English Cast Iron have proved as good as any Brass Therefore even for some of the First Rate Ships by consent of His Majesty and furtherance of the Right Honourable Sir Thomas Chicheley Master of the Ordnance for the encouragement of the Manufacture the whole Complement are Iron turned and handsomely finished b The worst that is made for his Majesties use in England is of the latter six one and one It would be a very advantageous Experiment that from a Barrel of Powder one could separate the Petre and know what weight was of it exactly a All Italy over 12 Ounces makes a Pound a Spherical Bodies of what Metal soever are one to another in weight as the Cubes of their Diameters therefore if the Diameter and Weight of any known Spherical Body be given and the Diameter of any other like Body be given and the Weight sought or the Weight given and the Diameter be sought say As the Cube of the Diameter given is to the Weight given So is the Cube of the Diameter of the unweighed Sphere to its Weight and contrariwise for the Diameter By this Rule having the Diameter and Weight of a Shot one may find the Weight of another or having the Weight and Diameter of a Shot and the Weight of another one may find the Diameter My Father the 14th of March 1671 weighing several Iron Bullets with a Curious Scale found one very near round of 6 Inches and 63 100 parts to weigh exactly 41 Pounds which agrees exceeding neer to 9 Pound for 4 Inches and from the afore said Rule a Bullet of 1 pound Weight will have for its Diameter 1 Inch and 93 100 of an Inch. The Diameter of one pound of course Lead will be 1 Inch and 69 100 parts and of hard Stone 2 Inches and 67 100 parts For making the Ru ler for Calibres the Author wants a Table of Solids I here insert one made long since by my Father more exactly than those printed in Ars magna Artillerii or Furnier which solloweth a Bocca or Bore a We distinguish all our great Guns in England into two onely sorts viz. Field-peeces from the least to twelve Pounders and Cannon of Battery from Culvering to whole Cannon Fig III. and IV. Fig. V. Ribadocchino Fig. V. a risalto Fig. VI. a Petrieroes a Braga b Diameter Calibre Bocca Bore Mouth all one and B signifieth them all Fig. X. Fig. XI Fig. XII Fig. XIII XIV Fig. XV. XVI Fig. XVII Fig. XVIII Fig. XIX Fig. XX. Fig. XXI Fig. XXII Fig. XXIII Fig. XXIV Fig. XXV Fig. XXVI Fig. XXVII Fig. XXVIII Fig. XXVIII Eig XXIX Fig. XXX Fig. XXXI Fig. XXXII Fig. XXXV Fig. XXXVI Fig. XXXVII Fig. XXXIII Fig. XXXIX Fig. XL. Fig. XLI Fig. XLII Fig. XLIII XLIV Fig. XLV XLVI Fig. XLVII Fig. XLVIII Fig. XLIX Fig. L. Fig. LV. Fig. LVI a A Geometrical Pace is 5 Foot and the proportion betwixt the Venetian Foot and Ours is as 1000 to 1153. Therefore here the proportion will be from 460 to 518 English Paces a 691 English Paces b 553 Englsh Paces a Which is almost 14 Inches En b 12 Inches Engl.

distant from the same B ½ and from the lower side ¼ That of the Breech distant B ¼ from the lower side and that of the Mannovell or flat Transome from the uppermost side B ¼ betwixt which and the Center of the Trunnion-holes is such a space as is the length of the Peece from the Center of the Trunnions to the end of the Cascabel viz. B 5 5 7 about That of the Tail is distant from the end B ½ and from the upper and lower side B ¼ The Axletree is big in the middle square B¾ The Wheels are high in Diameter B 6 the Nave is thick B 2 and long B 2¼ The Spokes B 1½ compleatly and moreover as much as is sufficient for their Mortaising The Fellows thick and large B ½ Yet one must observe that in Petrieroes of a small Mouth that the Wheels are to be made so high that the Peeces may arrive to the Port-holes or Embrasures viz. of three Foot or four about in Diameter and in the Petrieroes of a large Mouth they do not make them higher in Diameter than five or six Feet to the end that they may stand covered by the Parapets ordinarily six or seven foot high The Iron-work of these Carriages Axletrees and Wheels are the same as in other Carriages and like Cannons of Battery In measuring and proportioning these Carriages they may be valued from the B of the Chamber by redoubling the number of the B of the Chase c. and these measures in old Petrieroes become greater because the Chamber is larger from the end of the Chase The Carriages of Petrieroes de Braga which on land are used in Towers and little Platforms is a simple Cavaletto or wooden Horse made of a crooked beam with two Feet before on which is fixed a great Fork of one entire piece of Iron which doth Clasp the Trunnions And under the Feet and the Tail they put small little Wheels joynted in to hale along with more facility the said Cavaletto But sometimes this crooked Beam in place of Feet before is sustained by an Axletree with its Wheels as in other Carriages To make Short Carriages for all natures of Guns one must observe that the half of the Carriage be just in the end of the Breech putting the flat Transomes below in the hinmost part of the Carriage viz. under the half as is shewed in the Figure 12 in a Culvering Carriage CHAP. V. Of Carriages for Mortar-peeces and Trabucchoes FOrasmuch as Mortar-peeces are not discharged but by method and that raised from 45 degrees to 90 whereas other Artillery is never elevated above 45 degrees therefore the Carriages ought to be different Those for Mortars are made of three Sides or Cheeks two for Sides and the other for the the Bottom all thick B ½ of the Mortar Those of the Sides are large or high B 2½ the Trunnion which is all mortaised into the Cheek occupies B ½ the thickness of the Cheek at the bottom B ½ the other B 1½ and takes up almost all the inferiour part of the Mortar viz. part of the Chamber B ½ the thickness of the Breech B ½ leaving a void place betwixt the Breech and the Bottom to put the Coins more easily under The length in the top shall be B 3½ that below B 7½ whence leaving at the forepart B 1 fastned the Remainer may be bevil'd or without an Edge The Cheek at the bottom is long B 7½ and large as is the Diameter of the Trabuccho on the outside is little more than B 1½ with the Cornishes This length of the Carriage is necessary to the end that the Mortar being depress'd to 45 degrees then giving great Shocks with the Carriage in the Horizon and that it might not leap out to which end it is necessary that the length of the Carriage be at the least double the height Others nevertheless make them only long B 6 because perchance they never make so low Shots To the Carriages commonly they never make Wheels because in their March they are drawn upon Wagons nevertheless to hale them along they put underneath four small Trucks each made of an entire Plank thick B ½ high in Diameter B 1¼ with a hole for the great Axletree B ¼ about They bind together the Carriage with four thick Transomes across two below and two aloft which encompass all the thickness of the Sides and Wheels with a Plate of Iron nailed to and across in most places for strength especially when the Sides are made of two pieces The Trunnion-holes are covered within with Iron and there also they put their Contraforts Within it enters the whole thickness of the Trunnions which is closed with a thick Plate of Iron above which covers all the upper part and is there fastned with four garnishing Bolts and Pins which pass over all the height of the Side and are made firm underneath Nevertheless the said Plates or Bands one may raise up and lay aside every time as you would mount or dismount your Trabuccho Lastly there ought to be fastned outwardly on each Side two Rings which will serve to mannage and carry the Engine from place to place The Trabucchi have for a Carriage a strong Frame made of two Beams distant as much as the Trabuccho is wide made fast with two strong Transomes at the ends with the Trunnion-holes in the middle which are locked up with its Capsquares and underneath are two Axletrees on which are put two Rolers of Wood to conduct it where there shall be necessity which are drawn out and taken away when the Trabucchi is used END OF THE THIRD PART To divert the Reader after this third part I have continued the story of the Bridg and Engine at Antwerp out of Hondius his Fortifications and Artillery being a person very like to get the knowledg of it truly an Hollander and one of that party pag. 96. THere were two Vessels equipped one called the Hope the other the Fortune which was fitted by Pieter Timmerman Ingeneer of Antwerp and not by Frederick Jenibelly though he had fitted many before as E. de Metereus in his History relateth for he is abused and assuredly Timmerman fitted them and in which he made a Chest of strong Wood and Stone in a Triangular form as one may see in the Figure A As long as the Vessel four Foot broad at the bottom and two at the top and in which was put 18000 pounds of Powder At the bottom was a Pipe of Latten having little holes in the middle to give fire on all sides in an instant coming above the letter A from which went out four other little Pipes for to give more certain fire at the time appointed And then this Chest was well built with with Square stones laid in Mortass all about then covered with Grave-stones in the manner of the Roof of an house and upon which Grave-stones there were Gutters of fine Powder And also he laid

be overmuch it makes it brittle they would have the Latten mixed with the Copper and Tin together The Proportions for the Petarr THe Guide-line is divided into 24 equal parts of which 16 is the Diameter of the Mouth The Diameter of the Concave at the Bottom 10. The Thickness of the Metal at the Breech 2. The Thickness of the Metal at the Mouth 1. The Cornice is one part 1. The Touch-hole is distant from the bottom of the Guide part 8. Some make it perpendicular to the Guide and others perpendicular to the Metal but as well in the one as other fashion it is terminated in the said point of the Guide Some soder or fasten the said little Barrel or Canetta and others make it to enter with a Screw the Joynting or Mortaising of the Mouth is part ½ The Greatness of the Petarr is divers according to the diversity of Matters which it ought to break but all have the self same Proportion above named To break down Bridges they are long in the Guide a Gometrical Foot which is commonly divided into 12 Inches 2. To break double Bridges they are high in the Guida 11 Inches 3. To break ordinary Bridges reasonable strong you must allow in the Guida 8 Inches 4. To break Barriers Grates Portcullis Pallizadoes they are made high 11 Inches They load a Petarr with the finest Powder that can be made well fifted and dusted They do not fill the whole but only ¾ of its length and ramme the Powder in from time to time to make it close but not so strongly as to uncorn it The Powder which is put within shall be of weight for the First subtle Pound from 9 to 10. For the second from 6 to 7. For the third from 5 to 7. For the Fourth from 3 to 4. Above the Powder they put a round piece of Past-board thick and stops it an Inch about and above that they cast Pitch and Wax melted together but not over-hot and above which you put a round piece of Wood well fitted and above all a round piece of Cloth waxed which is driven into the Joynt or is tied without with a Cord about the Edge and all this that it may not receive water or moisture The Touch-hole is made near the bottom but better than a third part distant from it because the Powder will be sooner fired and the Recoyl will be greater In the Touch-hole they fix a Spindle or little prick of Metal to a Screw which penetrates to the middle of the Powder and this is filled with Composition for a time that the Petarr-Master and his Company may have time to retreat and secure themselves and may resist water So you may take fine Powder 3 parts Sulphur 6. Saltpetre 9. All these Ingredients being stamped and mingled putting above oyl of Stone by little and little so that they may impast together and letting them well dry in the Sun Then load the Fuse or take Powder 2 onz Sulf. 2 onz Saltpetre 3 onz Camfire 1 onz ½ beaten small and fill the Fuse To the Petarr there are one or more Handles for to fasten the Madrill although the Orl or Edge serve to nail it about The Madrillo is a strong beam of wood of Elm or Oak shod with Iron which is placed before the Mouth of the Petarr and fastned to the Gate which you would break to make greater ruine For every Petarr the Madrill is long B 3 of its Petard measured and comprehending the Edge and large 2 of the B. The thickness is ordinarily of four Inches more or less according to the strength that you are to batter Cross to the Madrillo there are two bars of Iron Diagonally let into the wood each being thick ¼ of an Inch nailed to it The Madrill with the Petard is fastned to the Gate in several manners according to the nature of the thing which you intend to ruine since that the Gate may have a Ditch or if not it may be well lined with Iron or not at all Therefore if it have a Ditch it must be hung on with a small Bridge but if it is without Ditch or strengthned with Iron it may be fastned with a Plank or if armed with a Fork or Rest and in other particular manners which would be too long further to explain THE END OF THE PETARD Advice for Ship-Gunners out of Furnier's Hydrography p. 95. Of Canoneers necessary for the security of a Ship BEfore Cannon was invented they did use both at Sea and Land certain Machines which did throw Fire Arrows Stones and Beams of Wood which did as much dammage to the Enemy as our Cannon but were not so easie to be governed We do not know what were those Engines that Archimedes did use for the Defence of Syracuse onely we are certain that he had those which did cast great Stones a vast distance and as Plutarch observes with Smoak and a great Noise and that he had Burning-glasses which did burn at indeterminated distances In the Advice which in times past the Emperour Leon gave to his Admirals and Sea-Captains in several places he makes mention of Engines which did vomit fire and flames in close fights and Sea Combats And the Roman History doth relate that Mithridates besieging Rhodes by Sea after he had made a breach did great dammage to the Besieged by the means of a Sambuque or warlick Instrument of Prodigious greatness which being placed upon two Gallies cast forth at one blow great number of Arrows Stones and Beliers being square pieces of Timber pointed with Iron at both ends All these Engines being very incommodious and troublesome by reason of their bigness and requiring over great a Train at present they use nothing but Cannon therefore I shall only speak here of this Machine and only as much as shall be necessary for its well mannagement at Sea or perhaps sometimes to make a Descent or Landing judging it necessary not to omit this Treatise since at present all the defence of a Vessel depends on the Cannon and that in the time of fight there are more Shots made in one day at Sea than in a Seige at land in two months The arming of a Gally is much different from that of a Ship or round Vessel as also the Equipage of Cannon at Sea differs from that at Land at Sea the Ordnance are mounted upon small Carriages and upon four and sometimes two low Wheels without any Iron work Each Gally carries ordinarily nine Peeces of Ordnance in its Prow or Chase of which the greatest and that which delivers his Shot just over the very Stem and lies just in the middle is called the Corsiere or Cannon of Course or Chase Cannon which in time of fight doth the most effectual Service it carries generally a Shot of 33l or 34l weight and are generally very long Peeces it recoils all along the middle of the Gally to the Mast where they place some soft substance to hinder