her other labour I mean extraordinary labour If young poor Maid-servants will imitate her industry I will tell them the whole Secret to the intent that besides the benefit to the publick every one may get her self a considerable portion and to the end that many may be industrious in this laudable way and that many thousands may remember me in their good wishes I will first speak a good word for them to all generations to come to wit that such an one which by her wit industry and providence getteth her self a portion of twenty or forty pounds which she may easily doe in a certain number of years not very many deserveth as good a marriage as one that hath an hundred pounds given her by her parents and friends And to the end that this may not seem to be a ridiculous relation I will shew the reasons of it and also the experience and lastly declare the several materials which I taught her to reserve As for the reasons they are thus discovered viz. the vegetable spirit of the world by which all things do encrease and multiply is sometimes cloathed with a gross and earthly foeculencie as in dung and more in some dung than in other somtimes it is more purified from its earthly foeculency and then it is far more effectual as we see by experience in London that a load of shavings of horn is sold for shillings or three pound a load wollen rags is sold for thirty or forty shillings when as a load of common dung is sold for a penny and many times for nothing but carriage away Now I proceed to declare the several materials which I taught her to reserve As for the linnen rags she reserved those before I knew her and sold them yearly to the Paper-Mils and I seeing her industry thought it a good deed to advise her to reserve all the shreads and rags of woollen cloath as well old as new all the shreads and pieces of leather of all kinds as well old as new all the horns and hoofs of beasts of beasts of all kinds whether shaven or not that came in her way all the hair either in Barbers shops or Tanners yards or at the houses of Butchers and Cooks where they scalde many hogs and pigs and fondly cast away the hair and to take up all the old shooes and peeces of leather which happened in her way as she went about her ordinary occasions and to work as often as she could at the houses of Taylors Shoomakers Sadlers c. For I have found by experience that a load of the best common dung will not produce corn worth above twenty shillings at three crops unlesse corn be very dear and if it be far carried then the labour rent and seed will consume the gains whereas a load of any of these materials formerly mentioned will produce Wheat and other corn worth above ten pound though the price be reasonable These things being well considered there is a great reason why these materials should not be fondly cast away to the common dunghill in great Cities or other places whereas the greatest part thereof is utterly lost and though some of them goe to the dunghill yet they serve onely to enrich land which lieth near to great Cities where there is no need of them whereas being reserved by themselves they will quit the cost to be carried twenty or thirty miles and so make land fertile which beareth not halfe the quantitie for want of dung And whereas I have found by experience that a load of any manner of seeds whatsoever doth contain as much of the vegetable spirit of the world as ten loads of common dung I could wish that all such young men-servants as have no Stocks nor Trades should get them services in great Innes or to be Bayliffs of Husbandry to great men and to reserve all the hay seeds that come within their reach and all the soot that is swept down out of the chimneys that they can get and once in a year to get so much blood at any Butchers or Poulterers houses as will make them into a paste and then to adde so much Cow-dung dryed to them as being tempered with urine will be sufficient to make the whole masse apt to be formed into the form of bricks loaves or cheeses and then they are to be layd up in a dry place till they be throughly rotten and that a small quantity thereof being made into powder will not produce any thing suddenly being spread in a garden or other open place where the rain may fall upon it without the help of new seed and then though their common dung will yeeld no price at all in that place but rather they are forced to pay money to have it carryed away yet this will give them a large price after that the virtue thereof is known And if any such men-servants have meanes to farm certain Acres of barren land which lieth so remote from dung that the annual rent thereof is little then by setting of Wheat or other Grain by my directions in my book formerly mentioned they may make one quarter or one pounds worth of corn to yeeld forty quarters or forty pounds worth of corn in lesse time than one year and as much over and above as shall pay all charges and workmen nobly and also as much rent as any ordinary Farmer can afford to give yearly for it by which means he may in a few yeares get a considerable Stock and be as likely to thrive as he that hath twice so much given him by his parents or friends And I could wish all such men to marry with such women as by their wit industry and providence have gotten themselves portions by my directions in this lâ—ttle Book and let others which have portions given do the like and try conclusions whether of them thriveth better If â—ny one should be seen to cast away good bread when so many poor people want it then all the world would cry shame upon him but why should not the casting away of any of these materials fondly be reputed a more heynous sin when as they will produce divers times their weight of as good bread as any Prince eateth I have seen by experience that Salt-peter is the most rich compost in the world to multiply Corn and I have seen fifty pounds worth of Salt-peter extracted out of a vault at Dowgate not very spacious which was formerly an house of office and not emptied till the matter was throughly rotten why may not the same thing be done by Art which was formerly done by Nature and Accident I have been credibly informed that such a work is ordinarily done in the Kingdome of China and also at the City of Paris in France and I see no reason why English men should not have as much wit they If any man hath convenient room to build two houses of office and to close up the one whilst he useth the other then there
profit a great deal than by beasts And if there be any doubt whether people may be had to improve the land and to produce greater profit than beasts can doe let but things be so ordered that the Plebeans may have such good employments whereby they may maintain a married estate plentifully and it will be found by a short experience there will be no want of servants By this means the Parsons may double their tyths the Landlord may double his rents and the common people though doubled in number may live twice as well as they did before and Princes and Statesmen shall not have half the trouble which they had before for want and necessity is found to produce grudgings and discontentments These have produced Rebellions and Insurrections all which have caused Princes for to lose their kingdoms many times and turned the state of Countries topsey turvey Besides that the lives of men would be lengthened as in former Ages by their good and wholsom diet for there can be no other cause in nature why men should be now of lesser stature and enjoy worse health and dye sooner than in former Ages but these few viz. First men are much imployed with worldly cares and difficulty for living in populous Countries which might easily be remedied by the means aforesaid Secondly the Corn which should be the preserver of other meats from too sudden corruption in the bodies of men before the chilus hath performed all his several offices is now adulteraâ—ed and contaminated much by mixing the dung with the corn before the corruptible part thereof be consumed and so the corn helped to contaminate the blood which should preserve it and would do it powerfully if my new Invention were generally put into practise Thirdly in populous Countries where there is difficulty of living the pure law of nature is not observed in Marriages and married estates but other respects doth sway overmuch which causeth defects in many generations But to return to my main subject I am now about a way to experiment to meliorate any Corn Pulse Seed Kernel Fruit c. and doubt not but to bring it to passe in such sort that the pleasantness of the tast the wholsomness of the smel and the ability to keep other meats from sudden corruption in mans body will invite great men in general to make use of the same and to give good prices so that a Farmer may maintain his family well and grow rich too by the planting of 1 Acre of land yearly For upon my certain knowledge there are fondly cast away in every family in England as well in great Cities as Country-towns so many things as being used according to my direction would produce such an increase of corn yearly as would serve for the maintenance of the said family and would be more wholsom for the body of man than the greater part of corn which now usually groweth in England yea though this Compost should be used in the more barren sort of land So that now the question is not whether this Land and so consequently other Kingdoms may live in worldly happiness and prosperity for ever hereafter but whether they will do so or not for if they be willing they wil shew the same by their actions and then I am sure there is no doubt to be made of the possibility thereof Whereby an Vtopia may be had really without any fiction at all If order were given that every Over-seer of the poor in their Parishes only one day in the year in the practise of some of these new Inventions as setting of Wheat of compounding of Composts in great Cities fit to be carried many miles then they would be expert against a year of dearth and famine so that they might be employed in that work whereby a wonderfull quantity of corn might be saved for the present relief of the Land which else must needs be imported from other Kingdomes for which the wealth of this Land must needs be exhausted The thirteenth Experiment wherein is shewed how timber for buildings and wood for houshold-stuffe may be provided in short space It is found by experience that a Chesnut will grow in ten or twelve yeares into a fair tree able to be the Master-post of a fair building and then there is no question but that it may be provided into lesser parts for studds and spars It is also found that a Walnut will grow in the like time into a tree able to make little tables boxes stools and chests very beautiful and sit for use to adorn the house Whereby any younger brother that will shew so much frugality and providence as to obtain leave of his father to plant a certain number of such trees in some convenient place in his fathers lands in his minority while he is a School-boy he may not onely have wood to build him an house and to furnish it against his occasion but also he may win so much credit by his industry and diligence that as for my part if I had a daughter to marry I would sooner match her with him though I purchase him land to set his house upon than with his elder brother if he wanted those gifts and qualities though he were able to make a good Joynture For I have seen by experience that a present estate either real or personal is not to be compared to the quality of thriving which any man else may likewise see by experience that sometimes yea many times a Farmer being industrious intelligent and provident though he pay a good round rent liveth better than a Freeholder which is owner of much free-land The fourteenth Experiment wherein is shewed divers waies concerning Fruit-trees It is found by experience that if the kernel of a Pear or Apple be set and not grafted but be let grow to a great tree then it will not bear fruit till forty or fifty yeares as a great number of other trees of the same kind It is likewise found by experience that a Siens taken from a tree that is fruitfull and also from the most fruitful bough of that tree and being grafted into a young stock of the same kind as that before mentioned will bear fruit in a quarter of the time which the other did the cause can be no other but that nature hath ordained a certain time for propagation in all things but yet the said time was accelerated in the grassed tree by Art helping Nature but in the other tree time was left to natures free determination So that every one may make choice of these two wayes at pleasure and if he aim at his present profit then graffing is his present way and best but if he aim at the profit of his posterity then it is best not to graft at all And by this means he may change the tasts of fruits at pleasure which by graffing he cannot doe for it is found by experience that if three kernels of several sorts be put into the cave
extraordinary likewise on a Hop-Garden 13. Mault-dust is exceedingly good in Corn-land blood for trees also shavings of horns which are carried many miles from London for this purpose as also the dust of mault 14. Some commend very much the sweeping of a ship of salt or drossy salt and brine it 's very probable because it killeth the worms and all fertility proceedeth from salt At Nantwich they use the dross or refuse of salt for their Meadows with very good success 15. I have seen in France poor men cut up Heath and the Turf of the ground and lay them on an heap to make mould for their barren lands Brakes laid in a moist place and rotted are used much for Hop-Grounds and generally all things that will rot if they were stones would make dung 16. In New-England they fish their ground which is done thus In the spring about April there cometh up a fish to the fresh Rivers called an Alewife because of its great belly and is a kind of Shade full of bones these are caught in wiers and sold very cheap to the Planters who usually put one or two cut in pieces into the hill where their Corn is planted called Virginia-Wheat for they plant it in hills 5 Grains in an hill almost as we plant Hops in May or June for it will not endure Frosts and at that distance it causeth fertility extraordinary for two years especially the first for they have had fifty or sixty bushels on an Acre and yet plough not their Land and in the same Hills doe plant the same Corn for many years together and have good Crops besides abundance of Pompions and French or Kidney beans In the North parts of New-England where the fisher men live they usually fish their Ground with Cods-heads which if they were in England would be better imployed I suppose that when sprats be cheap men might mend their Hop-grounds with them and it would quit cost but the dogs will be apt to scrape them up as they do in New-England unless one of their legs be tyed up 17. Vrine In Holland they as carefully preserve the Cowes Vrine as the Dung to enrich their land old Vrine is excellent for the Roots of Trees Columella in his Book of Husbandry saith that he is an ill Husband that doth not make ten loads of dung for every great beast in his yard and as much for every one in his house and one load for small Beasts as Hogs This is strange Husbandry to us and I believe there are many ill Husbands by this account I know a woman who liveth five miles South of Canterbury who saveth in a paile all the droppings of the Houses I mean the Vrine and when the paile is full sprinkleth it on her Meadow which causeth the grass at first to look yellow but after a little time it grows wonderfully that many of her Neighbours wondred at it and were like to accuse her of Witchcraft 18. Woollen-rags which Hartfort-shire men use much and Oxford-shire and many other places they do very well in thin Chalky Land in Kent for two or three years It 's a fault in many places that they neglect these as also Linnen rags or Ropes-ends of the which white and brown paper is made for it 's strange that we have not Linnen-rags enough for paper as other Nations have but must have it from Italy France and Holland 19. Denshyring so called in Kent where I onely have seen it used though by the word it should come from Denbighshire is the cutting up of all the Turffe of a Meadow with an instrument sharp on both sides which a man with violence thrusts before him and then lay the Turff on heaps and when it is dry they burn it and spread it on the ground The Charge is usually four Nobles which the goodnesse of a Crop or two repayeth 20. Mixture of Lands Columella an old Writer saith that his Grandfather used to carry sand on clay and on the contrary to bring clay on sandy grounds and with good success the Lord Bacon thinking much good may be done thereby for if Chalk be good for loamy land why should not loam be good for Chalky banks 21. I may adde Enclosure as an Improvement of land not onely because that men when their grounds are enclosed may imploy them as they please but because it giveth warmth and consequently fertility There is one in London who promised to mend lands much by warmth onely and we see that if some few sticks lye together and give a place warmth how speedily that grasse will grow 22. Steeping of Grains The Ancients used to steep Beans in salt-water and in Kent it 's usuall to steep Barley when they sow late that it may grow the faster and also to take away the soil for wild Oats Cockle and all save Drake will swim as also much of the light Corn which to take away is very good If you put Pigeons-dung into the water and let it steep all night it may be as it were half a dunging take heed of steeping Pease too long for I have seen them sprout in three or four hours 23. Is the sowing of Course and cheap Grain and when they are grown to plough them in For this purpose the Ancients did use LVPINES a Plant well known to our Gardiners and in Kent sometimes Tares are sowen which when the Cattel have eaten a little of the tops they turn them in with very good Improvement for their ground Lastly To conclude I may adde as a main Deficiency that though we by experience find that all the foresaid Materials and divers others as oft-tilling Husbandry seasons c. change of Seed and Land resting of Lands fencing c. do cause Fertility yet we are very ignorant of the true causes of Fertility and know not what Chalk Ashes Dung Marle Water Air Earth Sun c. do contribute whether something Essential or Accidental Material or Immaterial Corporal or Spiritual Principal or Instrumental Visible or Invisible whether Saline Sulphureous or Mercurial or Watry Earthy Fiery Acreal or whether all things are nourished by Vapours Fumes Atoms Effluvia or by Salt as Urine Embrionate or Non specificate or by Ferments Odours Acidities or from a Chaos or inconfused indigested and unspecificated lump or from a Spermatick dampish Vapour which ascendeth from the Centre of the Earth or from the Influence of Heaven or from Water onely impregnated corrupted or fermented or whether the Earth by reason of the Divine Benediction hath an Infinite multiplicative Vertue as Fire and the Seeds of all things have or whether the multiplicity of Opinions of learned Philosophers as Aristotle Rupesc Sendivog Norton Helmont Des Cartes Digby White Plat Gla uber concerning this Subject sheweth the great difficulty of this Question which they at leasure may peruse I for my part pare not venture on this vast Ocean in my small Bark lest I be swallowed up yet if an opportunity presents shall
making deep trenches oft-mowings Chalking Liming Dunging and Ploughing I know where hungry guests Horses soon make an end of them 6. Furze Broom Heath these can hardly be so destroyed but at length they will up again for God hath given a peculiar propriety to every kind of earth to produce some peculiar kinds of Plants which it will observe even to the Worlds end unlesse by Dung Marle Chalk you alter even the very nature of the earth In Gallitia in Spaine where such barren lands do very much abound they do thus first they grub them up as clean as they can of the greater Roots and Branches they make fire-wood the smaller sticks are either imployed in fencing or else are burnt on the ground afterwards the Land being ploughed twice at least they sowe Wheat and usually the Crop is great which the Land-lord and Tenant divide according to a compact then the ground resteth and in three or four years the Furze or Brooms will recover their former growth which the painfull Husbandman grubbeth and doeth with it as formerly I set this down that you may see how laborious the Spaniard is in some places the poverty of the Countrey compelling him to it 7. There are other Inconveniences in the Land besides weeds and trumpery viz. Ill Tenures as Copy-hold Knight-service c. so that the Possessour cannot cut any Timber down without consent of the Lord and when he dyes must pay one or two years rent perhaps more because there is no certaine Fine but is at the Land-Lords mercy But these are not in the power of the poor Husbandman to remedy I therefore passe them by yet hope that in little time we shall see these Inconveniences remedied because they much discourage Improvements and are as I suppose Badges of our Norman slavery To conclude It seemeth to me very reasonable and it will be a great encouragement to laborious men to improve their barren lands if that they should have recompence for what they have done according as indifferent men should judg when they leave it as is the custome in Flaunders I have likewise observed some Deficiâ—ncies in Woods which I shall briefly declare with the best way to remedy the same 1. It 's a great fault that generally through the Island the Woods are destroyed so that we are in many places very much necessitated both for fuel and also for timber for building and other uses so that if we had Coals from Newcastle and Boards from Norwey Clap-boards Barrel-staves Wainscot and Pipe-staves from Prussia we should be brought to great extremity and many Mechanicks would be necessitated to leave their callings 2. Deficiency is that our Woods are not ordered as they should be but though Woods should be especially preserved for timber for building and shipping yet at this time it 's very rare to see a good Timber-tree in a Wood. 3. That many of our Woods are very thin and not replenished with such sorts of Woods as are convenient for the place 4. That we sell continually and never plant or take care for posterity These Deficiencies may be thus Remedyed 1. To put in execution the Statutes against grubbing of Woods which are sufficiently severe It 's well known we have good Laws but it 's better known they are not executed In the Wilde of Kent and Sussex which lies far from the Rivers and Sea and formerly have been nothing but Woods liberty is granted for men to grub what they please for they cannot want firing for themselves and they are so seated that neither fire-wood nor timber can be transported elsewhere I know a Gentleman who proffered there good Oak-timber at 6 s. 8 d. per tun and the Land in those parts in general is very good About Tunbridge there is Land which formerly was Wood is now let for 30 s. par Acre so that to keep such lands for Wood would be both losse to the owner and to the Island But in other parts of the Island it is otherwise and men are much to be blamed for destroying both timber and fuel I have seen at Shooters-hill near London some Woods stubbed up which were good ground for Wood but now are nothing but furze which is a great losse both to the owner and to tbe Countrey For the Land is made worse then it was formerly I conceive there are Lands which are as naturally ordained for Woods viz. Mountainous Craggy uneven-land as small hills for â—he Vines and Olives plain lands for Corn and low moist lands for Pasture which lands if they be stubbed do much prejudice the Common-wealth 2. That all Woods should have such a Number of Timber-trees per Acre according to the Statute There is a good Law for that purpose but men delude both themselves and the law that they every Felling cut down the standers which they left the felling before lest perchance they should grow to be Timber and leave twelve small Standers that they might seem to fulfil in some measure the Statute but it 's a meer falacy and causeth the Statute to fail of it's principal end which is to preserve Timber 3. The best Remedy against thinnesse of Woods is to plash them and spread them abroad and cover them partly in the ground as every Countrey-man can direct by this means the Wood will soon grow rough and thick It 's good Husbandry likewise to fill your Woods with swift growers as Ashes Sallow Willow Aspe which are also good for Hop-poles Hoops Sycamore is also a swift grower In Flaunders they have a kind of Poplar called by them Abell-tree which speedily groweth to be timber 4. That some Law be made that they which fell should also plant or sowe In Bisâ—ay there is a Law if that any cut down a Timber-tree he must plant three for it which law is put into execution with severity otherwise they would soon be undone for the Countrey is very mountainous and barren and dependeth wholly on Iron Mines and on Shipping their Woods are not copsed there but onely Pollards which they lop when occasion serveth I know one who was bound by his Land-Lord to plant so many Trees yearly which according he did but alwayes in such places that they might not grow In France near to the Borders of Spain they sowe Ashkey which when they grow to such a greatnesse that they may be slit into four quarters and big enough to make Pikes then they cut them down and I have seen divers Acres together thus planted hence come the excellent Pikes called Spanish-Pikes Some Gentlemen have sown Acâ—rus and it 's a good way to increase Woods Though the time is long I doubt not but every one knoweth that it 's excellent to plant Willows along the waters side and Ashes nigh their houses for firing for they are good pieces of Husbandry and it 's pity that it 's not more put in practise There is a Gentleman in Essex who hath planted so many Willows that he may lop 2000
Land is not worth above fifteen years purchase But if the use of money went at no more than at other places then five pound bestowed upon an Acre of ground would stand a man in but five or six shillings a year and the acre of land so amended would be worth as hath been shewed six and twenty or thirty yeares purchase Whereby it appeareth that as the rate of Use now goeth no man but where the land lyeth extraordinarily happy for it can amend his Land but to his own losse whereas if money were let as it is in other Countries he might bestow more than double as much as now he may and yet be a great gainer thereby and consequently as was before remembred should to his own benefit purchase land to the Common-wealth Neither would such purchase of Land to the Common-wealth be the benefit to the landed men onely the benefit would be as much to the poor Labourers of the Land For now when Corn and other fruits of the land which grow by labour are cheap the Plough and Mattock are cast into the hedge there is little work for poor men and that at a low rate whereas if the mendment of their own lands were the cheapest purchase to the owner if there were many more people than there are they should be readily set a work at better rates than now they are and none that had their health and limbs could be poor but by their extreamest lazinesse A Bank of Lands or an Improvement of Lands never thought on in former Ages Begun to be presented upon most rationable and demonstrable grounds by Mr. William Potter a Gentleman of great deserts and of a most Publique Spirit which being more fully cleared in all its Particulars and established by publique Authority may become a standing and setled Meanes to enrich the whole Nation and also to remove Taxes and other publique Burdens THrough the long continuance of the Wars Trade hath been interrupted great losses sustained at sea the people constrained to live upon the main stock mens credits ruined many debts otherwise good lost both friends and enemies plundered or sequestred and Taxes c. unavoydably continued whereby the Nation is now in a very low condition There is a great necessity that this Epidemical disease of ruin in mens estates should be cured for hereby 1. The Rich that should support others are diminished in number and weakned in means and the Poor that should be upheld are increased both in number and necessities 2. If the removing of Burdens be necessary the removing of Poverty without which the rest are in effect no burdens is more necessary 3. The Trade Manufacture Shipping Strength Repute and flourishing estate of the Nation depends as the meanes upon the Riches thereof 4. The servility of a low condition deprives men of much leisure and freedom in attending higher things This burden may be removed by encouraging such employments and undertakings as tend to increase the estates of some without impoverishing others for whatsoever takes from one mans estate as much as it adds to another doth not inrich the Nation The capacity of inriching this Nation is in a sort infinite 1. By making it the Scale of Trade to other people which consists in buying the commodities of other Countries working them here and selling them again in forraign parts Whereby if England were a City upon a Rock and held no land of their own they might be maintained comfortably Witnesse Holland 2. By Plantations throughout the world which tends to lessen our charge and increase our means by the returnes of commodities out of the industry of those that otherwise must be maintained for nothing 3. By the Fishing-trade wherein the Sea affords a vast Treasure without demanding any rent for it all which three last particulars would yeeld a kind of infinite of increase if there were no want of stock to employ therein 4. By improving our present Possessions For 1. Almost all the Land in England might be made to yeeld much more encrease if men had money to imploy in manuring the same 2. Divers Husbandmen want wherewith to stock their ground whereby perhaps the Nation suffers more than many times by much unseasonable weather 3. A great part of Ireland lyes at present waste which without great stock to plant is like so to continue 4. There are great quantities of oazie grounds about the Sea-coast and other Fens and waste grounds besides Forrests and Commons which drained and improved might equalize in value some two or three Counties in England 5. There are many Mines in England Ireland and Scotland which being wrought would much increase our Exportation and imployment for poor men To set all these Wheels a going two things are necessary viz. that the people may know where to be furnished with stock at low interest and that a sufficient quantity of currant money be disperced amongst them And indeed the great Remora is that the people are generally voyd of stock whereby it is impossible they should deal either in the Forraign Trade Fishing Plantations or Improving their own possessions by reason whereof both poor and rich are deprived of imployment and forced to live chiefly upon the Principal to the greater increase of their poverty and ruin Whereas if they knew where to obtain such stock at low Interest it would both enable them to prosecute the aforesaid ends and also make way for the more speedy vent of commodities in other Nations for greatnesse of stock at low Interest would enable the English Merchants to deal for much and thereby to buy cheap work cheap and sel for lesse profit in the pound and also to procure their commodities at the best hand viz. at the places of their growth in their proper season whereby out-trading and underselling other Nations they obtain the pre-emption of sale and so cannot fail of vent abroad Also great stock at low Interest would enable Merchants to raise the price of our own native commodities in Forraign parts by keeping them for a good Market which helps much towards the enriching of a Nation Again if there were great quantity of money disperced amongst the people of this land there would not wantvent of commodities amongst themselves For in this case every man to improve his stock would be laying out that mony in commodities those that receive it would be laying it out again upon others and those upon others and so on which would beget a constant return or quick vent for commodities proportionable to the quantity of money so perpetually revolving amongst them Now if through plenty of mony amongst the people there were as much vent for commodity as the earth could by industry be made to afford men would not spare either the Sea or the Land but the one by the Fishing Trade the other by Husbandry and all ingenious wayes of Improvement here in England by planting in Ireland and other new Plantations throughout the whole Globe would bestow