to_o provide_v and_o how_o you_o may_v be_v furnish_v to_o serve_v your_o occasion_n the_o ground_n be_v in_o good_a season_n and_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n answer_v thereunto_o you_o may_v proceed_v thus_o the_o chief_a instrument_n which_o be_v useful_a for_o this_o work_n of_o plant_v be_v the_o blow_n and_o spade_n the_o blow_n will_v dispatch_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o ground_n in_o a_o day_n but_o the_o other_o will_v make_v the_o best_a work_n we_o shall_v compute_v the_o charge_n of_o both_o in_o his_o due_a place_n there_o be_v no_o certain_a rule_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o plow_a ground_n in_o all_o place_n alike_o for_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o climate_n of_o country_n where_o much_o heat_n or_o cold_a moisture_n or_o drought_n as_o be_v the_o earth_n or_o air_n so_o must_v the_o arborist_n alter_v his_o season_n strong_a or_o stiff_a ground_n will_v require_v great_a strength_n of_o cattle_n also_o the_o season_n must_v be_v early_o in_o the_o year_n 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several_a way_n of_o steep_v or_o soak_v in_o brine_n or_o other_o liquor_n also_o reap_v mow_v hedge_v delve_v house_n and_o stack_v corn_n and_o hay_n the_o season_n for_o gather_v and_o preserve_v or_o keep_v all_o sort_n of_o grain_n fruit_n and_o seed_n with_o many_o more_o particular_n for_o it_o be_v not_o my_o intent_n to_o speak_v any_o father_n of_o husbandry_n than_o will_v serve_v for_o this_o our_o present_a occasion_n of_o plant_v the_o best_a time_n to_o begin_v plough_v for_o the_o plant_n timber-tree_n will_v be_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o february_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n if_o the_o land_n require_v twice_o plough_v which_o all_o hey_n or_o pasture-ground_n do_v for_o the_o swarth_a must_v be_v first_o break_v and_o tear_v to_o piece_n with_o the_o harrow_n or_o else_o cut_v with_o instrument_n for_o that_o purpose_n call_v hack_n make_v of_o iron_n therefore_o there_o must_v be_v a_o second_o plough_v which_o will_v by_o raise_v up_o new_a earth_n increase_n and_o make_v good_a store_n of_o mould_n again_o and_o by_o this_o twice_o plough_v the_o weed_n and_o grass_n will_v be_v wither_v and_o destroy_v which_o be_v great_a enemy_n to_o young_a plant_n as_o we_o have_v former_o declare_v now_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o plough_v suppose_v the_o land_n to_o be_v very_o good_a earth_n for_o the_o purpose_n intend_v and_o free_a from_o all_o water_n lie_v on_o the_o ground_n &_o other_o encumbrance_n with_o a_o strong_a blow_n the_o share_n be_v of_o a_o good_a sufficient_a length_n and_o the_o coulter_n somewhat_o bend_v throw_v down_o your_o furrow_n but_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v subject_a to_o water_n either_o by_o spring_n or_o flood_n in_o much_o rain_n than_o you_o shall_v lay_v the_o furrow_n more_o high_a near_o and_o close_o together_o and_o that_o every_o one_o of_o these_o land_n lie_v high_a in_o the_o midst_n observe_v to_o turn_v the_o swarth_a inward_o or_o downward_o unto_o the_o earth_n that_o the_o root_n of_o the_o grass_n and_o weed_n may_v be_v scorch_v and_o dry_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o wind_n and_o so_o wither_a and_o destroy_v but_o if_o you_o will_v be_v at_o the_o charge_n which_o be_v the_o best_a husbandry_n then_o with_o the_o hacker_n former_o mention_v you_o shall_v hew_v and_o cut_v to_o piece_n all_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v plough_v up_o also_o all_o balk_n that_o the_o blow_n have_v escape_v for_o by_o this_o work_n the_o weed_n and_o grass_n will_v soon_o wither_v and_o decay_v and_o make_v the_o mould_n fine_a after_o the_o hack_n you_o shall_v take_v a_o pair_n or_o two_o of_o strong_a iron_n harrow_n and_o with_o they_o go_v over_o the_o ground_n break_v the_o clod_n small_a in_o the_o month_n of_o august_n you_o shall_v begin_v to_o blow_n over_o that_o ground_n again_o which_o former_o you_o have_v plough_v still_o observe_v what_o quantity_n of_o land_n you_o have_v to_o plough_v and_o your_o own_o strength_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n and_o according_o you_o may_v begin_v soon_o or_o late_a at_o this_o second_o plough_v let_v the_o furrow_n be_v make_v deep_a and_o great_a than_o at_o the_o first_o now_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v a_o stiff_a clay_n or_o such_o like_a than_o it_o will_v require_v to_o be_v hack_v again_o which_o will_v thorough_o break_v the_o clod_n and_o increase_v the_o mould_n and_o by_o make_v the_o furrow_n great_a and_o deep_a raise_v up_o more_o earth_n which_o have_v be_v untouched_a before_o this_o work_n be_v finish_v you_o may_v then_o sow_v and_o plant_v your_o seed_n but_o before_o you_o begin_v it_o must_v be_v consider_v what_o part_n of_o the_o land_n be_v most_o moist_a and_o dry_a also_o in_o what_o part_n be_v the_o best_a and_o deep_a mould_n and_o where_o it_o be_v most_o shallow_a and_o mean_a for_o you_o must_v order_n and_o dispose_v of_o your_o seed_n according_a to_o their_o several_a quality_n the_o elm_n will_v require_v the_o best_a and_o deep_a mould_n but_o bear_v no_o seedâ—_n therefore_o must_v be_v plant_v by_o plant_n or_o set_v the_o oak_n will_v require_v a_o moist_a deep_a earth_n but_o will_v not_o thrive_v if_o the_o water_n lie_v long_o on_o the_o ground_n the_o ash_n will_v require_v a_o more_o dry_a kind_n of_o earth_n and_o will_v grow_v in_o a_o shallow_a mould_n the_o beech_n will_v grow_v and_o thrive_v in_o a_o dryer_n shallow_a and_o mean_a earth_n than_o the_o ash_n and_o so_o have_v consider_v of_o these_o particular_n and_o find_v your_o ground_n to_o have_v these_o several_a sort_n of_o earth_n you_o must_v plant_v sow_n or_o set_v your_o seed_n and_o plant_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n where_o they_o will_v best_o like_v or_o thrive_v but_o if_o thâ—re_o be_v no_o difference_n in_o the_o mould_n or_o earth_n than_o you_o may_v mix_v your_o seed_n and_o sow_v it_o together_o but_o if_o you_o set_v the_o seed_n than_o there_o may_v be_v a_o row_n of_o oak_n and_o a_o row_n of_o ash_n and_o another_o of_o beech_n or_o mix_v all_o of_o they_o in_o one_o row_n as_o best_o please_v you_o and_o thus_o may_v all_o other_o seed_n or_o set_v be_v sow_v or_o plant_v the_o fit_a time_n or_o season_n of_o the_o year_n for_o sow_v or_o plant_v this_o seed_n for_o tree_n be_v when_o it_o be_v full_a ripe_a and_o fall_v from_o the_o tree_n which_o be_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o october_n but_o it_o may_v be_v sow_v or_o set_v in_o other_o month_n if_o well_o preserve_v in_o sow_v of_o your_o seed_n be_v careful_a you_o do_v not_o sow_v too_o thick_a for_o the_o thin_a they_o be_v sow_v the_o better_a they_o will_v thrive_v one_o foot_n distance_n be_v the_o near_a they_o shall_v be_v sow_v or_o set_v if_o the_o plant_n
thereof_o the_o settle_v a_o staple_n build_v of_o storehouse_n the_o view_v the_o ground_n on_o shore_n for_o land_v and_o dry_v of_o net_n make_v and_o dry_v of_o fish_n and_o the_o build_n of_o blockhouse_n for_o the_o security_n of_o trade_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o hollander_n fish_v for_o herring_n with_o buss_n and_o other_o vessel_n for_o ling_n and_o cod_n according_a to_o the_o journal_n keep_v thereof_o be_v as_o follow_v we_o set_v sail_n from_o gravesend_n the_o 27_o of_o april_n 1633_o and_o have_v letter_n from_o the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n to_o mr._n william_n dicks_n of_o edinbourg_n in_o scotland_n we_o direct_v our_o course_n towards_o scotland_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o soul_n weather_n weâ—e_v force_v into_o harwich_n and_o set_v sail_n from_o thence_o the_o 30_o the_o ditto_n the_o wind_n not_o favour_v we_o we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n in_o yarmouth_n ride_v and_o there_o go_v on_o shore_n be_v inform_v that_o the_o hollander_n buss_n do_v drive_v at_o sea_n for_o herring_n on_o that_o coast_n and_o that_o from_o the_o holms_n before_o yarmouth_n to_o bookness_n in_o scotland_n north_n north-east_n be_v 96_o league_n and_o from_o bookness_n to_o the_o south_n end_n of_o shotland_n north_n and_o by_o east_n about_o 53_o league_n the_o five_o of_o may_v we_o set_v sail_n from_o yarmouth_n and_o by_o stress_n of_o wind_n be_v force_v into_o scarbrouh_n and_o there_o go_v on_o shore_n be_v inform_v of_o the_o hollander_n buss_n fish_v on_o that_o coast_n and_o that_o from_o searbrough_n northwards_o towards_o catness_n in_o 45_o fathom_n or_o thereabouts_o in_o that_o fair_a way_n be_v usual_o the_o first_o summer_n herring_n catch_v from_o scarbrough_n we_o set_v sail_n and_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n before_o leith_n in_o scotland_n the_o 13_o the_o ditto_n where_o go_v on_o shore_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o edinburg_n deliver_v my_o letter_n to_o mr._n william_n dicks_n who_o be_v at_o that_o time_n governor_n of_o the_o island_n of_o shotland_n and_o do_v receive_v the_o revenue_n of_o those_o island_n have_v receive_v my_o instruction_n and_o letter_n from_o mr._n william_n dicks_n direct_v to_o mr._n james_n scot_n who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o island_n of_o shotland_n and_o be_v agent_n or_o deputy_n to_o the_o say_v william_n dicks_n we_o set_v sail_n from_o leith_n and_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n at_o casten_n in_o the_o island_n of_o orkney_n the_o 22_o ditto_n and_o because_o these_o island_n be_v very_o considerable_a as_o to_o the_o fish_n trade_n i_o can_v pass_v they_o by_o without_o a_o brief_a description_n thereof_o which_o be_v as_o follow_v the_o island_n of_o orkney_n be_v 31_o and_o lie_v from_o the_o north_n and_o north-east_n point_v of_o scotland_n the_o first_o and_o southermost_a island_n be_v call_v elhey_n but_o the_o great_a and_o chief_a island_n of_o orkney_n be_v call_v maland_n which_o lie_v southermost_o from_o the_o point_n of_o catness_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o this_o great_a island_n be_v the_o havens_n where_o the_o ship_n come_v to_o that_o trade_n in_o those_o part_n and_o to_o the_o island_n call_v lewis_n and_o the_o island_n therebouts_o the_o lewis_n island_n be_v the_o island_n on_o the_o west_n of_o scotland_n and_o those_o sea_n be_v also_o very_o considerable_a as_o to_o the_o fishing-trade_n i_o make_v bold_a to_o give_v account_n thereof_o as_o follow_v these_o island_n lie_v westward_o from_o scotland_n and_o to_o the_o northward_o of_o ireland_n be_v in_o number_n 34._o there_o be_v four_o great_a island_n that_o lie_v near_o the_o main_a land_n but_o the_o great_a and_o chief_a island_n be_v call_v lewis_n which_o lie_v northward_o from_o the_o foresay_a island_n but_o the_o northermost_a of_o all_o the_o island_n which_o lie_v towards_o the_o orkane_n about_o sixteen_o league_n from_o lewis_n be_v call_v rona_n betwixt_o rona_n and_o orkney_n lie_v some_o small_a island_n the_o island_n lewis_n lie_v from_o shotland_n south-west_n or_o more_o westerly_a about_o 58_o league_n and_o from_o the_o south_n end_n of_o lewis_n to_o the_o north-west_n of_o ireland_n be_v 27_o league_n in_o and_o between_o these_o island_n be_v many_o very_a good_a sound_n and_o havens_n for_o ship_n lewis_n with_o the_o island_n belong_v to_o it_o lie_v south_n and_o by-west_n and_o south_n south-west_n about_o 29_o league_n i_o shall_v far_o add_v to_o my_o boldness_n and_o give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o the_o island_n of_o fero._n these_o island_n lie_v northward_o from_o the_o lewis_n island_n about_o 54_o league_n and_o from_o shotland_n westerly_n about_o 58_o league_n and_o be_v in_o number_n 22._o the_o sound_n and_o havens_n be_v many_o the_o southermost_a great_a island_n be_v call_v sugdro_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o this_o island_n be_v several_a good_a sound_n and_o havens_n but_o the_o best_a and_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o havens_n and_o where_o all_o the_o trade_n and_o merchandise_n be_v be_v call_v tor-haven_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o great_a island_n strone_n but_o these_o island_n be_v out_o of_o my_o road_n i_o shall_v return_v to_o my_o former_a discourse_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o orkney_n and_o shotland_n the_o south_n part_n of_o shotland_n lie_v about_o 20_o league_n northward_o from_o the_o island_n call_v maland_n but_o between_o the_o island_n of_o orkney_n and_o shotland_n lie_v two_o island_n the_o one_o call_v fairhill_n and_o the_o other_o call_v fulo_n these_o two_o island_n lie_v about_o 10_o league_n one_o from_o the_o other_o fulo_n lie_v north-north-east_n from_o fairhill_n the_o island_n fairhill_n lie_v from_o the_o north-east_n point_n of_o orkney_n about_o 9_o league_n and_o the_o southermost_a point_n of_o shotland_n lie_v from_o fairhill_n north_n and_o by-east_n about_o 8_o league_n and_o from_o fulo_n east_n and_o by-south_n about_o four_o league_n be_v inform_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o hollander_n fish_v for_o 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broad-sound_a a_o very_a gallant_a harbour_n where_o many_o ship_n may_v lie_v land-lockt_a for_o all_o wind_n have_v inform_v myself_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o part_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o fish_n and_o the_o hollander_n fish_v for_o herring_n drive_v on_o that_o coast_n we_o set_v sail_n from_o thence_o and_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n in_o evey-sound_a the_o northermost_a sound_n in_o shotland_n on_o the_o 12_o ditto_n and_o there_o go_v on_o shore_n i_o continue_v about_o 11_o or_o 12_o month_n and_o in_o that_o time_n travel_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o island_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n do_v thereby_o better_a inform_v myself_o concern_v the_o manner_n of_o trading_n and_o fish_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o hollander_n at_o sea_n the_o land_n of_o shotland_n lie_v north_n and_o by-east_n and_o south_n or_o south_n and_o west_n about_o 60_o mile_n but_o there_o be_v many_o island_n belong_v to_o shotland_n which_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o mention_v hereafter_o that_o which_o be_v most_o considerable_a be_v the_o sound_v and_o harbour_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o southward_n point_v of_o shotland_n there_o be_v a_o good_a harbour_n and_o sound_n call_v st._n magnus_n and_o on_o the_o east-side_n near_o sunbrough-head_n be_v a_o fair_a sand-bay_n where_o there_o be_v good_a anchor_a in_o ten_o or_o twelve_o fathom_n to_o the_o northward_o of_o this_o last_o sound_n there_o be_v another_o sound_v call_v hambrough-haven_n which_o be_v a_o lade-place_n for_o the_o hamburger_n and_o scot_n about_o 9_o or_o 10_o league_n from_o the_o southward_o point_n of_o shotland_n there_o be_v a_o channel_n that_o run_v through_o the_o land_n the_o south-part_n of_o the_o land_n divide_v by_o the_o channel_n be_v call_v swanberg_n the_o other_o part_n so_o divide_v or_o the_o north-part_n be_v call_v laxford_n within_o
this_o channel_n aforesaid_a be_v several_a sound_n or_o harbour_n but_o the_o best_a and_o chief_a sound_n in_o shotland_n be_v brace-sound_n or_o broad-sound_n as_o before_o mention_v out_o of_o this_o sound_v the_o aforesaid_a channel_n do_v run_v northward_o on_o the_o north-part_n of_o swanberg_n lie_v the_o high_a hill_n of_o hanglix_n from_o the_o say_v hanglix_a about_o 9_o league_n northwards_o lie_v some_o out-rock_n call_v the_o star_n to_o the_o northward_o of_o the_o star_n there_o be_v a_o very_a good_a harbour_n call_v bloom-sound_a to_o the_o northward_o of_o this_o last_o sound_n be_v another_o good_a haven_n call_v huâ—-sound_a be_v the_o northernmost_a or_o north-east-sound_a or_o haven_n belong_v to_o the_o island_n call_v oun_v there_o be_v other_o havens_n or_o sound_v which_o lie_v through_o the_o land_n between_o and_o about_o that_o part_n of_o shotland_n call_v laxford_n and_o the_o island_n call_v jello_n there_o be_v also_o other_o island_n and_o sound_n which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o forbear_v to_o mention_v the_o merchant_n which_o trade_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o shotland_n be_v hamburger_n breamer_n lubergher_n scot_n and_o english_a the_o chief_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o island_n be_v scot_n the_o mean_a or_o inferior_a sort_n be_v a_o mix_a people_n of_o daâ—es_n and_o scot_n the_o island_n of_o shotland_n as_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v be_v give_v to_o king_n james_n of_o bless_a memory_n by_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n with_o queen_n ann_n be_v part_n of_o her_o dowry_n the_o commodity_n of_o shotland_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n trade_n withal_o be_v ling_n and_o cod_n which_o they_o take_v with_o hook_n and_o line_n in_o small_a boat_n call_v yall_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o gravesend_n oat_n the_o ling_n they_o sell_v for_o 3_o d._n a_o piece_n be_v a_o ling_n of_o the_o large_a size_n and_o be_v call_v a_o gilled_a ling_n if_o small_a than_o we_o have_v two_o for_o one_o or_o three_o for_o two_o and_o so_o proportionable_a the_o cod_n be_v sell_v for_o 2_o d._n the_o gilled_a cod_n and_o be_v measure_v as_o the_o ling._n i_o buy_v of_o fisherman_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o island_n call_v oun_v 11655_o gilled_a ling_n and_o 834_o gilled_a cod_n at_o 3_o d._n the_o gilled_a ling_n and_o 2_o d._n the_o gilled_a cod_n which_o ling_n and_o cod_n be_v take_v by_o the_o say_a fisherman_n at_o several_a time_n in_o their_o small_a boat_n and_o bring_v to_o my_o booth_n or_o place_n of_o abode_n every_o morning_n as_o they_o be_v catch_v the_o say_a ling_n and_o cod_n be_v very_o good_a and_o merchantable_a be_v salt_v aboard_o the_o ship_n that_o land_v i_o and_o within_o seven_o week_n after_o my_o land_n i_o send_v she_o for_o london_n with_o the_o say_a fish_n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n as_o by_o my_o book_n of_o account_n deliver_v into_o his_o hand_n and_o leave_v with_o he_o may_v appear_v there_o be_v also_o other_o small_a fish_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v catch_v with_o angles_n sit_v on_o the_o rock_n and_o in_o their_o small_a boat_n with_o hook_n and_o line_n in_o the_o sound_v and_o between_o the_o island_n and_o these_o small_a fish_n be_v very_o considerable_a for_o although_o they_o can_v spend_v they_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n they_o take_v and_o have_v not_o industry_n to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o for_o transportation_n yet_o the_o liver_n they_o preserve_v and_o with_o the_o liver_n of_o the_o ling_n and_o cod_n make_v train-oyle_n but_o if_o it_o be_v improve_v as_o take_v they_o with_o net_n the_o train-oyl_n i_o say_v will_v amount_v to_o a_o cosiderable_a sum_n and_o if_o this_o increase_n of_o trade_n be_v carry_v through_o the_o whole_a island_n it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a encouragement_n to_o all_o merchant_n trade_n into_o those_o part_n there_o be_v several_a other_o merchant_n in_o the_o island_n where_o i_o do_v inhabit_v that_o buy_v ling_n and_o cod_n of_o the_o fisherman_n so_o that_o the_o quantity_n which_o i_o send_v for_o england_n be_v not_o above_o the_o five_o part_n take_v in_o that_o island_n with_o which_o the_o whole_a quantity_n of_o fish_n that_o be_v buy_v by_o other_o merchant_n throughout_o the_o whole_a island_n of_o shotland_n be_v add_v together_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o very_a considerable_a sum_n or_o quantity_n to_o the_o lade_n of_o many_o vessel_n which_o may_v be_v much_o more_o improve_v and_o increase_n trading_n thereby_o furnish_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o money_n and_o commodity_n in_o the_o island_n of_o shotland_n there_o be_v beef_n and_o sheep_n sell_v at_o a_o very_a reasonable_a rate_n i_o buy_v for_o my_o own_o use_n and_o the_o victual_v the_o ship_n send_v to_o london_n three_o ox_n for_o 3_o l._n and_o at_o another_o time_n four_o ox_n for_o 5_o l._n which_o be_v fat_a and_o about_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o small_a sort_n of_o cattle_n we_o have_v in_o england_n there_o be_v also_o fat_a sheep_n sell_v for_o 2_o s._n and_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n per_fw-la sheep_n there_o be_v also_o other_o creature_n for_o food_n as_o coney_n and_o fowl_n but_o desire_v not_o to_o multiply_v word_n i_o forbear_v to_o mention_v they_o the_o fuel_n or_o fire_v in_o shotland_n be_v peat_n and_o turf_n there_o may_v be_v salt-pan_n set_v up_o there_o and_o good_a salt_n make_v to_o serve_v all_o the_o fish_n fleet._n there_o be_v very_o good_a shore_n for_o land_v and_o dry_v of_o net_n and_o make_v and_o dry_v fish_n there_o be_v no_o night_n in_o the_o north_n of_o shotland_n part_n of_o two_o month_n in_o the_o year_n as_o june_n and_o july_n in_o a_o island_n north_n of_o oun_v be_v not_o inhabit_v but_o stock_v with_o wild_a cow_n and_o coney_n i_o do_v kill_v with_o my_o bird_a piece_n ten_o couple_n of_o coney_n in_o one_o night_n shoot_v from_o a_o little_a before_o sunset_n to_o sunrising_n and_o it_o be_v as_o light_a as_o a_o cloudy_a winter-day_n i_o do_v not_o remember_v any_o frost_n or_o snow_n in_o shotland_n if_o any_o it_o be_v not_o of_o long_a continuance_n the_o cold_a weather_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o great_a wind_n in_o the_o winter-quarter_n the_o wind_n blow_v so_o violent_a that_o no_o ship_n dare_v look_v on_o the_o north-coast_n so_o that_o the_o people_n of_o those_o island_n have_v little_a commerce_n with_o other_o nation_n in_o that_o quarter_n i_o can_v speak_v by_o experience_n be_v blow_v down_o flat_a to_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n be_v force_v to_o creep_v on_o my_o hand_n and_o knee_n to_o the_o next_o wall_n and_o go_v by_o the_o wall_n get_v into_o a_o house_n or_o else_o must_v have_v stay_v by_o the_o wall_n till_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n be_v over_o sometime_o it_o last_v half_o a_o day_n and_o sometime_o more_o there_o be_v several_a town_n in_o shotland_n so_o call_v be_v about_o eight_o or_o ten_o house_n together_o where_o they_o plough_v and_o sow_v corn_n as_o oat_n which_o be_v their_o chief_a bread_n and_o if_o my_o memory_n do_v not_o much_o deceive_v i_o there_o be_v good_a barley_n grow_v in_o my_o time_n but_o the_o land_n may_v be_v much_o improve_v if_o the_o inhabitatant_n be_v industrious_a they_o be_v like_a unto_o the_o idle_a irish_a not_o improve_n any_o thing_n either_o by_o sea_n or_o land_n spend_v that_o in_o the_o winter_n which_o they_o get_v in_o summer_n although_o their_o winter_n may_v be_v very_o profitable_a unto_o they_o if_o they_o be_v laborious_a and_o industrious_a as_o the_o hollander_n be_v the_o good_n and_o commodity_n that_o be_v vendible_a in_o shotland_n be_v hook_n and_o line_n for_o the_o take_n of_o ling_n and_o cod_n net_n for_o the_o take_n of_o herring_n strong-beer_n biscuit_n wheaten_n meal_n salt_n pease_n fruit_n of_o all_o sort_n strong-water_n monmouth-cap_n and_o many_o other_o particular_n which_o be_v not_o needful_a at_o this_o time_n to_o mention_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o island_n of_o oun_v usual_o have_v a_o bark_n that_o they_o trade_n with_o to_o norway_n where_o they_o may_v buy_v timber_n for_o house_n ready_a frame_v also_o deal-board_n tar_n ship_n bark_n and_o boat_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o their_o use_n with_o their_o small_a fishing-boat_n call_v yall_n they_o will_v row_v into_o the_o main_a about_o two_o or_o three_o league_n more_o or_o less_o where_o the_o bank_n be_v that_o they_o lay_v their_o hook_n and_o line_n for_o ling_n and_o cod_n in_o one_o of_o these_o boat_n row_v with_o two_o man_n and_o sometime_o four_o according_o to_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o boat_n they_o do_v usual_o bring_v to_o shore_n every_o morning_n that_o they_o go_v to_o sea_n about_o fifty_o or_o sixty_o ling_n and_o cod._n
easterling_n be_v now_o although_o there_o have_v be_v many_o that_o by_o way_n of_o argument_n and_o for_o discourse_n sake_n will_v go_v about_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v free_a and_o common_a and_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v bound_v by_o any_o other_o law_n than_o their_o own_o shore_n and_o sand_n yet_o the_o necessity_n of_o order_n in_o mutual_a commerce_n and_o the_o safety_n of_o man_n good_n and_o life_n may_v teach_v we_o by_o the_o very_a light_n of_o nature_n that_o law_n be_v as_o necessary_a for_o the_o government_n and_o preservation_n of_o such_o as_o frequent_v the_o sea_n as_o of_o those_o that_o trade_n on_o the_o firm_a land_n and_o though_o there_o be_v such_o person_n that_o dare_v presume_v thus_o to_o dispose_v of_o and_o at_o their_o pleasure_n dispossess_v his_o majesty_n of_o this_o his_o undoubted_a birthright_n the_o royalty_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o his_o ancestor_n have_v hold_v beyond_o all_o memory_n yet_o i_o hope_v he_o will_v never_o be_v unprovided_a of_o other_o to_o vindicate_v as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o lie_v by_o their_o life_n as_o well_o as_o their_o pen_n that_o right_o of_o his_o crown_n and_o maintain_v those_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o his_o kingdom_n unto_o which_o all_o foreign_a prince_n and_o nation_n have_v free_o submit_v as_o by_o several_a record_n yet_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n will_v evident_o appear_v and_o because_o it_o be_v the_o general_a disposition_n of_o man_n to_o choose_v rather_o to_o i_o emain_v in_o ignorance_n than_o to_o be_v at_o charge_n or_o by_o labour_n and_o industry_n to_o search_v and_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o thing_n to_o inform_v such_o as_o be_v willing_a at_o least_o at_o another_o cost_n not_o to_o be_v ignorant_a and_o strengthen_v the_o know_n they_o be_v many_o and_o very_o copious_a i_o shall_v here_o only_o give_v you_o a_o breviat_fw-la of_o so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o may_v suffice_v for_o this_o occasion_n 1._o there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v a_o record_n therefore_o in_o the_o roll_n there_o concern_v tax_n and_o tribute_n impose_v upon_o ship_n pass_v and_o fish_v upon_o our_o coast_n the_o ordinance_n be_v make_v in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o parliament_n 2._o and_o to_o like_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o edward_n the_o four_o where_o it_o be_v manifest_o express_v that_o the_o king_n appoint_v wafter_n to_o guard_v the_o fisher_n not_o only_o of_o his_o own_o realm_n but_o foreigner_n and_o stranger_n that_o fish_n upon_o his_o coast_n and_o that_o the_o wafter_n take_v a_o ratable_a proportion_n of_o every_o ship_n towards_o their_o cost_n and_o expense_n secure_v their_o fish_n and_o that_o these_o wafter_n be_v to_o prohibit_v all_o other_o wafter_n whatsoever_o that_o presume_v to_o take_v the_o office_n upon_o they_o and_o to_o commit_v they_o to_o prison_n 3._o cambden_n in_o his_o description_n of_o the_o north_n ride_v of_o yorkshire_n say_v that_o the_o hollander_n in_o their_o fish_n for_o herring_n upon_o the_o north_n coast_n of_o england_n do_v first_o obtain_v licence_n from_o scarbrough_n castle_n 4._o and_o all_o neighbour_n prince_n upon_o any_o such_o occasion_n have_v obtain_v licence_n for_o their_o subject_n to_o fish_n in_o our_o sea_n as_o in_o a_o truce_n of_o war_n agree_v between_o henry_n the_o four_o and_o the_o french_a king_n 5._o also_o during_o a_o treaty_n between_o henry_n the_o 6_o and_o the_o duchess_n of_o burgundy_n those_o of_o brabant_n and_o flanders_n have_v liberty_n of_o free_a fish_v grant_v they_o 6._o and_o so_o it_o be_v in_o a_o another_o truce_n between_o the_o say_a king_n and_o the_o duchess_n of_o burgundy_n 7._o the_o like_a we_o find_v in_o a_o truce_n between_o edward_n the_o four_o and_o francis_n duke_n of_o britain_n 8._o philip_n the_o 2_o d_o king_n of_o spain_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o queen_n mary_n obtained_n licence_n for_o his_o subject_n to_o fish_n upon_o the_o north_n coast_n of_o ireland_n for_o the_o term_n of_o 21_o year_n pay_v for_o the_o same_o yearly_a 1000_o pound_n which_o be_v according_o bring_v into_o the_o exchequer_n of_o ireland_n and_o receive_v by_o sir_n henry_n fitton_n the_o then_o treasurer_n there_o 9_o and_o the_o king_n of_o france_n as_o other_o of_o his_o predecessor_n by_o special_a licence_n only_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n fish_v upon_o our_o coast_n near_o rye_n with_o a_o set_v and_o limit_v number_n of_o small_a boat_n and_o that_o only_a for_o provision_n for_o his_o own_o household_n 10._o all_o state_n and_o prince_n do_v general_o give_v law_n to_o pass_v and_o fish_n in_o the_o sea_n coast_v upon_o their_o own_o territory_n and_o also_o impose_v tax_n and_o tribute_n for_o their_o own_o profit_n and_o commodity_n 11._o the_o emperor_n of_o russia_n compel_v all_o fisherman_n within_o his_o sea_n though_o it_o be_v many_o league_n from_o the_o main_n to_o pay_v he_o tribute_n 12._o in_o the_o sea_n and_o island_n under_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n they_o pay_v tax_n to_o he_o 13._o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n at_o his_o wardhouse_n in_o the_o sound_n have_v for_o every_o licence_n a_o doller_n and_o for_o the_o seal_n and_o rose_n a_o noble_a of_o every_o ship_n and_o for_o every_o last_o of_o herring_n be_v 12._o barrel_n a_o doller_n 14._o the_o duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n in_o spain_n have_v his_o great_a revenue_n out_o of_o the_o tax_n lay_v on_o fisherman_n 15._o all_o prince_n of_o italy_n border_v upon_o the_o sea_n receive_v a_o proportion_n of_o like_a benefit_n 16._o and_o the_o hollander_n themselves_o impose_v tax_n on_o the_o fish_n take_v by_o their_o fisherman_n in_o our_o sea_n but_o i_o shall_v keep_v myself_o near_o home_n and_o within_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o our_o own_o sea_n which_o our_o ancient_a monarch_n of_o britain_n even_o from_o the_o first_o memory_n that_o we_o can_v have_v of_o they_o be_v always_o most_o careful_a to_o preserve_v for_o first_o the_o ancient_a britain_n admit_v very_o few_o or_o no_o stranger_n at_o all_o into_o their_o service_n at_o sea_n least_o turn_v renegado_n they_o may_v upon_o occasion_n lay_v they_o open_v to_o the_o incursion_n of_o their_o neighbour_n the_o gaul_n by_o discover_v to_o they_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o ship_n which_o they_o keep_v as_o a_o very_a great_a secret_a and_o therefore_o when_o julius_n caesar_n come_v with_o a_o intention_n first_o of_o all_o to_o invade_v this_o island_n gaul_n though_o very_o near_o and_o in_o sight_n of_o it_o can_v not_o supply_v he_o with_o any_o that_o can_v give_v he_o a_o certain_a intelligence_n of_o the_o place_n or_o which_o way_n unless_o in_o vessel_n of_o his_o own_o or_o a_o few_o passage_n boat_n use_v by_o trader_n to_o get_v thither_o but_o these_o be_v countermand_v by_o a_o great_a strength_n at_o sea_n which_o the_o britain_n be_v master_n of_o ship_n of_o a_o good_a bulk_n and_o serviceable_a in_o that_o age_n for_o fight_n which_o they_o continual_o employ_v to_o round_a the_o island_n and_o scour_v the_o sea_n which_o course_n the_o roman_n after_o they_o once_o come_v to_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o isle_n put_v in_o practice_n and_o after_o something_o a_o better_a method_n find_v here_o such_o timber_n as_o they_o can_v not_o be_v provide_v with_o for_o that_o use_n in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o their_o empire_n after_o the_o roman_n edgar_z king_n of_o the_o saxon_n continual_o keep_v in_o readiness_n a_o navy_n of_o 400_o ship_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o 4_o several_a fleet_n do_v every_o year_n after_o easter_n take_v their_o course_n to_o the_o 4_o quarter_n of_o england_n where_o they_o remain_v to_o guard_n and_o scour_v the_o sea_n until_o the_o winter_n follow_v after_o edgar_n than_o etheldred_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n and_o kingdom_n cause_v of_o every_o 310_o hide_n of_o land_n a_o ship_n to_o be_v build_v which_o all_o meeting_n at_o sandwich_n make_v the_o great_a navy_n that_o ever_o this_o kingdom_n set_v forth_o to_o sea_n after_o he_o canutus_n the_o dane_n maintain_v a_o mighty_a fleet_n of_o ship_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o kingdom_n and_o so_o the_o succeed_a king_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n i_o may_v instance_n in_o several_a of_o our_o king_n of_o late_a age_n who_o to_o maintain_v the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v set_v forth_o mighty_a fleet_n and_o by_o force_n keep_v off_o the_o hollander_n and_o other_o nation_n till_o they_o by_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o ship_n have_v grow_v to_o that_o greatness_n both_o in_o riches_n and_o strength_n that_o they_o think_v they_o may_v do_v any_o thing_n and_o for_o some_o time_n have_v usurp_v that_o right_n which_o undoubted_o
belong_v to_o his_o sacred_a majesty_n i_o may_v here_o enter_v upon_o the_o praise_n of_o the_o great_a use_n of_o ship_n and_o the_o far_o great_a advantage_n that_o come_v to_o a_o nation_n thereby_o of_o what_o importance_n it_o be_v to_o any_o people_n both_o for_o increase_v of_o their_o riches_n and_o wealth_n maintenance_n of_o their_o peace_n and_o to_o make_v they_o formidable_a to_o those_o that_o be_v round_o about_o they_o but_o i_o shall_v forbear_v only_o thus_o much_o it_o can_v but_o be_v infinite_o more_o to_o we_o of_o this_o island_n then_o to_o any_o other_o nation_n in_o europe_n nature_n have_v give_v we_o the_o sea_n for_o our_o bound_n which_o we_o can_v neither_o pass_v nor_o defend_v but_o by_o the_o convenience_n of_o ship_n add_v to_o this_o the_o great_a love_n his_o majesty_n have_v to_o navigation_n and_o his_o promote_a all_o kind_n of_o industry_n that_o may_v conduce_v to_o the_o secure_n of_o this_o nation_n from_o all_o assault_v that_o way_n there_o be_v none_o of_o his_o loyal_a subject_n but_o think_v themselves_o bind_v as_o much_o as_o their_o talon_n and_o capacity_n will_v amount_v to_o some_o one_o way_n some_o another_o to_o advance_v so_o noble_a a_o design_n for_o my_o own_o part_n till_o a_o opportunity_n offer_v of_o serve_v his_o majesty_n upon_o that_o element_n abroad_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v what_o lie_v in_o my_o power_n for_o prepare_v something_o in_o order_n to_o it_o upon_o the_o land_n at_o home_n and_o shall_v hence_o take_v the_o occasion_n to_o discourse_n of_o that_o great_a foundation_n of_o all_o ship_n timber_n chief_o the_o oak_n none_o therefore_o can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o great_a waste_v commit_v in_o this_o nation_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o timber_n and_o especial_o of_o this_o which_o in_o the_o space_n of_o 100_o year_n but_o much_o more_o within_o these_o 30_o year_n so_o that_o his_o majesty_n forest_n that_o have_v most_o abound_v with_o the_o best_a material_n in_o the_o world_n for_o ship_n be_v very_o much_o impoverish_v and_o decay_a partly_o therefore_o upon_o the_o reason_n before_o mention_v as_o a_o good_a subject_n and_o partly_o out_o of_o my_o duty_n have_v have_v employment_n as_o a_o swear_a officer_n in_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n forest_n and_o at_o present_a dwell_n on_o the_o border_n thereof_o and_o thereby_o better_a able_a to_o see_v and_o judge_v the_o waste_v that_o have_v be_v commit_v in_o order_n to_o the_o preserve_n and_o increase_v of_o this_o so_o necessary_a a_o material_a i_o humble_o propose_v first_o that_o there_o be_v special_a care_n take_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o all_o such_o timber_n as_o shall_v yet_o be_v find_v stand_v and_o grow_v 2._o that_o there_o be_v provision_n make_v for_o the_o plant_v of_o young_a timber_n tree_n in_o such_o waste_a place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o be_v capable_a to_o produce_v they_o 3._o that_o no_o person_n whether_o of_o the_o nobility_n or_o private_a gentleman_n be_v permit_v to_o cut_v down_o grub_n or_o stock_n up_o any_o timber_n tree_n or_o wood_n of_o timber_n under_o full_a growth_n or_o at_o the_o growth_n of_o 9_o foot_n in_o the_o girt_n or_o compass_n which_o be_v 3_o foot_n diameter_n for_o in_o the_o parish_n where_o i_o dwell_v there_o have_v be_v 5_o several_a fall_n of_o timber_n tree_n the_o most_o of_o they_o oak_n sell_v by_o private_a gentleman_n within_o this_o 7_o year_n whereof_o the_o great_a grow_v oak_n be_v not_o above_o 12_o inch_n at_o the_o low_a or_o butt_n end_v if_o hew_v by_o square_a but_o the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o not_o above_o 8._o 4._o that_o all_o owner_n of_o wood_n be_v enjoin_v at_o the_o time_n and_o season_n of_o their_o cut_v or_o fell_v the_o under_o wood_n to_o leave_v stand_v and_o grow_v 20_o of_o the_o best_a thrive_a young_a tree_n in_o each_o or_o every_o acre_n of_o wood_n so_o cut_v or_o fell_v if_o there_o be_v not_o so_o many_o already_o stand_v and_o grow_v at_o the_o time_n of_o cut_v and_o those_o to_o be_v preserve_v until_o they_o be_v of_o growth_n as_o aforesaid_a for_o all_o wood_n have_v univesal_o receive_v a_o mortal_a blow_n within_o the_o space_n of_o 30_o year_n notwithstanding_o there_o be_v a_o statute_n for_o the_o preservation_n and_o maintenance_n of_o the_o same_o make_v the_o 35_o henry_n 8_o and_o the_o 1._o elizabeth_n that_o at_o every_o fall_n of_o timber_n there_o shall_v be_v 12_o storer_n or_o standil_n leave_v and_o grow_a upon_o a_o acre_n or_o every_o acre_n of_o land_n so_o fell_v now_o if_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n be_v so_o sensible_a of_o the_o want_n of_o timber_n in_o those_o day_n be_v 116_o year_n since_o much_o more_o may_v we_o now_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v regard_v and_o of_o great_a concernment_n for_o the_o abuse_n of_o wood_n be_v infinite_a and_o intolerable_a notwithstanding_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n indeed_o i_o have_v see_v in_o many_o place_n at_o the_o fall_v where_o they_o have_v lest_o the_o number_n of_o standil_n and_o more_o but_o instead_o of_o they_o have_v cut_v down_o those_o that_o be_v reserve_v before_o and_o at_o the_o next_o fall_n even_o they_o escape_v not_o only_o a_o new_a race_n of_o young_a standil_n be_v leave_v again_o in_o their_o stead_n to_o answer_v the_o bare_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o not_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o it_o which_o by_o this_o shift_n be_v very_o much_o abuse_v therefore_o if_o provision_n be_v not_o make_v to_o prevent_v that_o and_o to_o put_v the_o true_a intention_n of_o the_o statute_n in_o more_o force_n there_o can_v be_v no_o increase_n of_o timber_n tree_n expect_v 5._o sith_o timber_n and_o timber_n tree_n by_o due_a observation_n be_v find_v to_o decay_v very_o fast_o it_o behove_v every_o good_a husband_n not_o only_o to_o maintain_v and_o preserve_v such_o tree_n as_o remain_v and_o so_o by_o the_o statute_n to_o be_v set_v out_o but_o voluntary_o to_o plant_v more_o and_o because_o there_o be_v such_o a_o universal_a inclination_n to_o hurl_v down_o it_o be_v expedient_a that_o since_o wit_n and_o providence_n will_v not_o authority_n shall_v constrain_v some_o man_n as_o well_o lord_n as_o tenant_n to_o plant_v set_v or_o sow_v with_o acorn_n ashen-keye_n beechmast_n etc._n etc._n for_o every_o hundred_o acre_n of_o land_n one_o acre_n or_o to_o plant_v the_o say_a acre_n with_o set_n or_o plant_n and_o to_o preserve_v and_o keep_v the_o same_o until_o they_o come_v to_o full_a growth_n as_o aforesaid_a now_o although_o in_o former_a age_n when_o england_n be_v overgrow_v with_o wood_n the_o felling_n grubbing_n of_o stoce_n up_o of_o tree_n do_v prove_v a_o great_a benefit_n to_o the_o nation_n by_o make_v room_n for_o man_n corn_n and_o cattle_n yet_o moderation_n be_v now_o more_o necessary_a for_o the_o too_o much_o overthrow_v of_o timber-tree_n and_o stocking_n up_o wood_n have_v bring_v a_o great_a scarcity_n of_o that_o necessary_a commodity_n and_o if_o for_o the_o overgreedy_a use_n and_o advantage_n though_o but_o small_a at_o the_o present_a there_o be_v no_o regard_n of_o future_a occasion_n there_o will_v follow_v extreme_a want_n for_o there_o be_v many_o necessary_n which_o without_o fire_v be_v of_o little_a use_n and_o corn_n will_v require_v mill_n to_o grind_v if_o all_o be_v meadow_n and_o pasture_n the_o life_n of_o cattle_n then_o arable_a land_n the_o life_n of_o man_n be_v dead_a when_o for_o one_o commodity_n sake_n another_o be_v abandon_v by_o some_o private_a man_n less_o expedient_a for_o the_o public_a weal_n it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v destructive_a and_o much_o it_o be_v to_o be_v lament_v that_o the_o devastation_n of_o wood_n threaten_v a_o grievous_a weaken_n to_o this_o kingdom_n such_o a_o pestilent_a heat_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o many_o forge_n and_o furnace_n for_o the_o make_n of_o iron_n as_o have_v devour_v many_o famous_a wood_n and_o by_o credible_a report_n there_o have_v be_v late_o in_o sussex_n above_o 130._o hammer_n and_o furnace_n for_o iron_n the_o hammer_n and_o furnace_n spend_v each_o of_o they_o in_o every_o 24._o hour_n three_o or_o 4_o load_n of_o charcoal_n more_o or_o less_o which_o in_o a_o year_n amount_v unto_o a_o infinite_a quantity_n but_o because_o for_o lack_v of_o water_n in_o the_o summer_n to_o blow_v their_o bellows_n all_o of_o they_o can_v work_v the_o whole_a year_n we_o can_v give_v a_o account_n so_o exact_o yet_o a_o probable_a estimate_n we_o may_v make_v how_o many_o load_n of_o coal_n all_o the_o say_a hammer_n and_o furnace_n may_v expend_v in_o one_o year_n and_o to_o that_o end_n we_o shall_v suppose_v that_o one_o time_n with_o another_o they_o may_v all_o work_v two_o three_o part_n of_o the_o year_n which_o be_v
be_v divide_v into_o 16_o part_n by_o 15_o brass_n ring_n such_o as_o be_v use_v about_o curtain_n the_o say_a ring_n to_o hang_v loose_a in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o wire_n that_o join_v the_o link_n together_o this_o perform_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o ring_n will_v be_v one_o four_o of_o a_o perch_n which_o be_v of_o land_n measure_n 4_o foot_n 1â—_n inch_n but_o of_o wood_n measure_n 4_o foot_n 6_o inch_n at_o each_o end_n of_o this_o chain_n will_v be_v a_o iron_n wire_n ring_n 2_o or_o 3_o time_n the_o compass_n of_o the_o brass_n ring_v with_o this_o chain_n all_o seed_n or_o plant_n which_o be_v to_o be_v set_v at_o one_o perch_n two_o perch_n three_o perch_n four_o perch_n half_o a_o perch_n and_o one_o four_o part_n of_o a_o perch_n distance_n may_v be_v orderly_a and_o speedy_o set_v or_o plant_v and_o that_o you_o may_v ready_o distinguish_v between_o the_o part_n of_o the_o chain_n at_o the_o one_o four_o part_n of_o a_o perch_n must_v be_v a_o single_a ring_n at_o the_o half_a of_o the_o perch_n 2_o ring_n at_o one_o perch_n distance_n 3_o ring_n and_o at_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o chain_n which_o be_v a_o perch_n 4_o ring_n but_o to_o plant_v at_o these_o distance_n you_o may_v also_o make_v use_n of_o a_o straight_a pole_n contain_v one_o perch_n in_o length_n and_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n the_o second_o chain_n must_v be_v divide_v into_o yard_n and_o foot_n by_o brass_n ring_n as_o in_o the_o first_o chain_n it_o will_v require_v 65_o ring_n be_v the_o distance_n of_o foot_n and_o at_o every_o three_o foot_n beginning_n at_o one_o end_n of_o the_o chain_n add_v one_o ring_n more_o there_o will_v then_o be_v two_o ring_n which_o be_v the_o distance_n of_o yard_n this_o be_v finish_v the_o single_a ring_n distinguish_v the_o foot_n and_o the_o double_a the_o yard_n the_o chain_n contain_v in_o length_n 66_o foot_n and_o 22_o yard_n but_o if_o wood_n measure_v than_o the_o length_n of_o the_o chain_n will_v be_v 72_o foot_n and_o 24_o yard_n with_o these_o two_o chain_n you_o may_v plant_v seed_n and_o set_v at_o all_o the_o distance_n mention_v in_o the_o book_n now_o if_o you_o will_v not_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n to_o provide_v chain_n then_o may_v you_o make_v use_n of_o small_a cord_n or_o line_n and_o instead_o of_o ring_n there_o may_v be_v knot_n with_o several_a colour_a rag_n at_o all_o the_o distance_n before_o mention_v and_o if_o these_o chain_n or_o line_n be_v not_o of_o a_o sufficient_a length_n to_o dispatch_v much_o work_n then_o may_v you_o lengthen_v they_o according_a to_o your_o use_n or_o pleasure_n england_n improvement_n revive_v the_o four_o book_n the_o argument_n you_o have_v direction_n to_o plant_v a_o thousand_o acre_n of_o land_n woodland_n measure_n 18_o foot_n to_o the_o perch_n with_o seed_n and_o set_v for_o timber-tree_n and_o vnderwoods_n at_o the_o several_a distance_n before_o mention_v and_o that_o be_v from_o one_o foot_n to_o four_o perch_n also_o here_o be_v set_v down_o the_o particular_a and_o total_a account_n of_o the_o charge_n and_o profit_n of_o plant_v the_o say_a land_n by_o plough_v or_o delve_v and_o sow_v or_o set_v the_o same_o with_o seed_n or_o set_v as_o also_o of_o convert_v the_o say_a wood_n to_o several_a use_n we_o have_v former_o discourse_v of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o several_a sort_n of_o land_n by_o their_o character_n and_o constitution_n also_o of_o the_o clime_n or_o continent_n wherein_o they_o lie_v and_o how_o you_o shall_v make_v choice_n of_o land_n for_o plant_v tree_n the_o choice_n of_o seed_n and_o plant_n the_o season_n for_o plough_v sow_v and_o set_v transplant_n tree_n of_o great_a growth_n with_o the_o several_a distance_n of_o ground_n between_o the_o plant_n and_o the_o improvement_n of_o one_o acre_n of_o land_n several_a way_n and_o to_o plant_v with_o seed_n and_o set_v for_o timber-tree_n and_o underwood_n therefore_o shall_v not_o trouble_v you_o with_o repetition_n but_o proceed_v suppose_v therefore_o the_o thousand_o acre_n of_o land_n before_o mention_v to_o be_v total_o plant_v extend_v to_o the_o outmost_a bound_n as_o it_o be_v measure_v without_o the_o fence_n it_o contain_v 160000_o perch_n at_o 18_o foot_n to_o the_o perch_n in_o the_o plant_n this_o ground_n we_o shall_v mention_v only_o 5_o several_a distance_n between_o the_o plant_n i._o dist._n the_o first_o and_o near_a shall_v be_v one_o foot_n at_o this_o distance_n you_o be_v only_o to_o plant_v seed_n for_o the_o procure_a plant_n to_o transplant_v other_o land_n we_o shall_v suppose_v this_o thousand_o acre_n also_o to_o be_v a_o strong_a rich_a earth_n and_o every_o way_n qualify_v for_o the_o plant_n all_o sort_n of_o timber-tree_n this_o plot_n of_o land_n than_o contain_v 400_o perch_n square_a or_o 7200_o foot_n but_o will_v require_v 7201_o row_v of_o seed_n or_o plant_n and_o the_o whole_a ground_n will_v take_v up_o 51854401_o single_a seed_n or_o plant_n now_o if_o you_o will_v plant_v at_o this_o distance_n with_o seed_n for_o present_a use_n and_o profit_n my_o advice_n be_v to_o plant_v only_o these_o three_o sort_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o oak_n seed_n which_o be_v acorn_n the_o ash-tree_n seed_n call_v ashen_n key_n the_o chesnut-tree_n seed_n or_o chestnut_n there_o be_v a_o equal_a number_n or_o quantity_n of_o the_o three_o several_a sort_n of_o seed_n set_v or_o plant_v the_o land_n will_v take_v up_o of_o acorn_n 17284800_o of_o ashen-keye_n 17284800_o of_o chestnut_n 17284801._o now_o suppose_v that_o all_o these_o seed_n grow_v and_o thrive_v about_o three_o year_n after_o the_o plant_n they_o will_v be_v of_o a_o sufficient_a growth_n to_o be_v transplant_v the_o oak_n and_o ash_n plant_n may_v yield_v 18_o penny_n the_o hundred_o there_o be_v 345696_o hundred_o allow_v five_o score_n to_o the_o hundred_o which_o amount_v to_o 25927_o pound_n 4_o shilling_n of_o chesnut_n plant_n there_o will_v be_v 172848_o hundred_o and_o 1_o plant_n and_o they_o may_v be_v 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hoop_n and_o faggot_n amount_n to_o 90104_o pound_n 17_o shilling_n now_o if_o we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o another_o season_n of_o fell_v the_o increase_n will_v overcharge_v the_o market_n and_o bring_v the_o price_n for_o smart_a hoop_n down_o to_o so_o low_a a_o rate_n that_o there_o will_v be_v great_a vent_n and_o more_o profit_n in_o convert_v the_o wood_n into_o fire_v also_o by_o that_o time_n the_o stock_n will_v begin_v to_o decline_v or_o decay_n they_o be_v plant_v at_o too_o near_o a_o distance_n but_o omit_v that_o we_o shall_v go_v on_o to_o consider_v of_o some_o other_o way_n to_o improve_v the_o thousand_o acre_n of_o land_n to_o be_v plant_v as_o aforesaid_a iii_o dist._n the_o next_o or_o three_o distance_n therefore_o former_o mention_v be_v at_o 4_o foot_n 6_o inch_n which_o be_v the_o one_o four_o part_n of_o perch_n this_o be_v the_o near_a distance_n i_o will_v advise_v to_o plant_v underwood_n for_o the_o more_o liberty_n the_o root_n have_v to_o extend_v 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there_o be_v many_o hop_n plant_v 14_o shilling_n the_o hundred_o and_o amount_v to_o 4200_o pound_n from_o the_o ash_n and_o withey_n may_v also_o be_v choose_v 954000_o pole_n which_o arise_v to_o 9540_o hundred_o worth_a where_o they_o be_v fell_v 12_o shilling_n the_o hundred_o and_o amount_v to_o 5724_o pound_n the_o total_a sum_n for_o hop-pole_n amount_n to_o 9924_o pound_n from_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o chestnut_n which_o be_v 254401_o stock_n may_v be_v choose_v 63600_o rod_n for_o bark_n or_o ryne_v hoop_n of_o the_o size_n from_o 10_o to_o 13_o foot_n long_o they_o will_v make_v 127200_o hoop_n and_o count_v six_o score_n to_o the_o hundred_o arise_v to_o 1060_o hundred_o worth_a to_o be_v deliver_v at_o london_n 15_o shilling_n the_o hundred_o and_o amount_v to_o 795_o pound_n there_o may_v likewise_o be_v choose_v from_o the_o chestnut_n 190801_o rod_n of_o the_o size_n from_o 6_o to_o 10_o foot_n which_o will_v make_v 381602_o hoop_n worth_a at_o the_o place_n aforesaid_a 10_o shilling_n the_o hundred_o there_o be_v 3180_o hundred_o and_o 2_o hoop_n amount_v to_o 1590._o pound_n 4_o penny_n the_o total_a sum_n for_o both_o size_n of_o chesnut_n hoop_n amount_n to_o 2385_o pound_n 4_o penny_n from_o the_o ash_n and_o withey_n may_v also_o be_v choose_v 24800_o rod_n of_o the_o size_n from_o 10_o to_o 13_o foot_n which_o will_v make_v 49600_o bark_n hoop_n which_o arise_v by_o tale_n to_o 413_o hundred_o and_o 40_o hoop_n worth_a 10_o shilling_n the_o hundred_o they_o amount_v to_o 206_o pound_n 13_o shilling_n 4_o penny_n from_o the_o ash_n and_o withy_n may_v also_o be_v choose_v 730000_o rod_n of_o the_o short_a size_n from_o 6_o to_o 10_o foot_n they_o will_v make_v 1460000_o hoop_n that_o be_v 12166_o hundred_o and_o 80_o hoop_n and_o be_v worth_a 8_o shilling_n the_o hundred_o amount_v to_o 4866_o pound_n 13_o shilling_n 4_o penny_n the_o total_a sum_n for_o ash_n and_o withey_n bark_n hoops-amount_n to_o 5073_o pound_n 6_o shilling_n 8_o penny_n the_o total_a sum_n for_o all_o the_o sort_n and_o size_n of_o bark_n hoop_n amount_n to_o 7458_o pound_n 7_o shilling_n the_o shred_v and_o offal_n of_o hop-pole_n and_o hoop_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o stuff_n cut_v down_o will_v make_v 67280_o shred_v faggot_n and_o allow_v five_o score_n to_o the_o hundred_o there_o will_v be_v of_o they_o 672_o hundred_o and_o 80_o faggot_n worth_a in_o the_o wood_n 8_o shilling_n the_o hundred_o and_o amount_v to_o 269_o pound_n 2_o shilling_n 4_o penny_n 3_o farthing_n now_o at_o this_o distance_n the_o land_n may_v be_v sow_v with_o corn_n between_o the_o plant_n for_o the_o term_n of_o 3_o or_o 4_o year_n and_o not_o rest_n but_o you_o must_v be_v careful_a that_o after_o the_o 3_o or_o 4_o year_n crop_n receive_v the_o land_n be_v make_v good_a again_o by_o lay_v on_o it_o great_a store_n of_o soil_n or_o dung_n for_o if_o you_o weaken_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o land_n by_o often_o plough_v or_o delve_v the_o plant_n can_v thrive_v or_o grow_v to_o raise_v any_o profit_n also_o by_o make_v the_o ground_n poor_a you_o will_v endanger_v the_o life_n of_o the_o plant_n and_o thereby_o lose_v all_o your_o charge_n it_o be_v my_o opinion_n that_o corn_n sow_v among_o or_o between_o the_o plant_n the_o first_o three_o or_o four_o year_n after_o plant_v will_v much_o help_v the_o thrive_a and_o growth_n of_o they_o so_o that_o neither_o corn_n or_o grass_n grow_v near_o the_o plant_n than_o one_o foot_n for_o if_o you_o take_v a_o good_a and_o early_a seed_n season_n the_o corn_n will_v be_v grow_v to_o a_o great_a head_n or_o height_n before_o the_o cold_a of_o winter_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n keep_v the_o ground_n mellow_a warm_a and_o moist_a and_o in_o the_o summer_n will_v shelter_v and_o shade_v the_o young_a tender_a shoot_n which_o the_o plant_n will_v put_v forth_o from_o the_o scorch_a sun_n now_o the_o most_o proper_a seed_n for_o the_o ground_n consider_v the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n when_o the_o timber_n seed_n be_v to_o be_v set_v or_o sow_v be_v wheat_n and_o because_o woodland_n measure_n make_v a_o large_a acre_n which_o contain_v 920_o square_a yard_n of_o land_n more_o than_o the_o statute_n acre_n or_o land_n measure_n therefore_o we_o can_v allow_v less_o than_o 3_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n to_o be_v sow_v on_o every_o acre_n yet_o because_o at_o this_o distance_n the_o plant_n will_v take_v up_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n we_o shall_v therefore_o allow_v but_o 2_o bushel_n to_o a_o acre_n which_o come_v to_o 2000_o bushel_n the_o increase_n thereof_o may_v arise_v to_o 20000_o bushel_n yearly_a during_o such_o time_n the_o land_n be_v sow_v as_o before_o mention_v and_o for_o that_o the_o price_n of_o wheat_n be_v very_o uncertain_a differ_v more_o or_o less_o almost_o every_o market_n day_n we_o shall_v therefore_o value_v it_o to_o be_v worth_a one_o year_n with_o another_o 5_o shilling_n the_o bushel_n which_o amount_v for_o the_o 20000_o bushel_n to_o 5000_o pound_n from_o the_o yearly_a crop_n of_o wheat_n there_o will_v arise_v 1000_o load_n of_o straw_n worth_a 5_o shilling_n the_o load_n and_o 16000_o bushel_n of_o chaff_n or_o hull_n worth_a 3_o penny_n the_o bushel_n heap_n and_o thrust_v the_o total_a sum_n for_o straw_n and_o hull_n amount_v to_o 450_o pound_n the_o total_a sum_n of_o the_o whole_a improvement_n at_o this_o first_o fell_n and_o three_o year_n crop_n of_o wheat_n amount_v to_o 34001_o pound_n 9_o shilling_n 4_o penny_n 3_o farthing_n about_o the_o same_o time_n or_o term_v of_o year_n the_o last_o stuff_n be_v allow_v to_o grow_v this_o wood_n may_v be_v cut_v again_o and_o every_o stock_n then_o will_v yield_v you_o 3_o
bushel_n they_o come_v to_o 810_o pound_n 4_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n now_o if_o you_o sow_v the_o land_n with_o the_o same_o seed_n than_o there_o must_v be_v 2_o bushel_n allow_v for_o every_o acre_n more_o than_o there_o be_v for_o set_v and_o the_o quantity_n to_o be_v be_v 10102_o bushel_n 1_o peck_n and_o 1_o acorn_n they_o amount_v to_o 1010_o pound_n 4_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n the_o charge_n for_o set_v the_o acorn_n be_v former_o allow_v at_o 4_o shilling_n the_o acre_n come_v to_o 200_o pound_n the_o charge_n for_o weed_n the_o plant_n be_v also_o allow_v at_o 10_o shilling_n the_o acre_n come_v to_o 500_o pound_n the_o total_a charge_n for_o seed_n also_o plough_v hack_v harrow_n set_v and_o weed_n amount_v to_o 2210_o pound_n 4_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n the_o total_a charge_n for_o seed_n also_o plough_v hack_v harrow_n sow_v and_o weed_n amount_v to_o 2210_o pound_n 4_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n but_o if_o the_o land_n be_v plant_v by_o set_v ashen_n key_n of_o this_o seed_n there_o go_v 96000_o into_o one_o bushel_n and_o will_v cost_v 12_o penny_n the_o bushel_n and_o the_o land_n will_v take_v up_o 540_o bushel_n 1_o gallon_n 1_o pint_n and_o a_o half_a and_o 151_o single_a seed_n amount_v to_o 27_o pound_n 7_o farthing_n the_o charge_n for_o plough_v sow_v set_v and_o weed_n be_v the_o same_o allow_v for_o the_o acorn_n the_o total_a charge_n for_o seed_n also_o plough_v hack_v set_v harrow_n and_o weed_n amount_v to_o 1327_o pound_n 7_o farthing_n and_o if_o you_o sow_v the_o land_n with_o ashen_n key_n there_o must_v be_v half_a a_o bushel_n allow_v for_o every_o acre_n more_o than_o be_v for_o set_v the_o quantity_n to_o be_v provide_v come_v to_o 1040_o bushel_n 9_o pint_n a_o half_a and_o 151_o single_a seed_n and_o they_o come_v to_o 52_o pound_n 7_o farthing_n the_o total_a for_o seed_n also_o plough_v hack_v harrow_n and_o weed_n amount_v to_o 1152_o pound_n 7_o farthing_n this_o land_n to_o be_v plant_v with_o chestnut_n will_v take_v up_o 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