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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A35552	Popery truly display'd in its bloody colours, or, A faithful narrative of the horrid and unexampled massacres, butcheries, and all manner of cruelties, that hell and malice could invent, committed by the popish Spanish party on the inhabitants of West-India together with the devastations of several kingdoms in America by fire and sword, for the space of forty and two years, from the time of its first discovery by them / composed first in Spanish by Bartholomew de las Casas, a bishop there, and an eyewitness of most of these barbarous cruelties ; afterward translated by him into Latin, then by other hands, into High-Dutch, Low-Dutch, French, and now taught to speak modern English.; Brevísima relación de la destrucción de las Indias. English. Selections	Casas, Bartolomé de las, 1474-1566.	1689 (1689)	Wing C798; ESTC R8882	62,150	91

he who bestow'd such a quantity of Money gratis was the Master of vast Treasure their sole Aim and Design and the Solace of their Labours whereupon they conterfeit a pretended Departure but returning about the Fourth Night-Watch and entring the City privily upon a surprize which they thought was sufficiently secur'd consecrated it with many Citizens to the Flames and robb'd them of Fifty or Sixty Thousand Crowns The Dynast or Prince escaped with Life and gathering together as great a Number of Men as he could possibly at that instant of time and Three or Four Days being elapsed pursued the Spaniards who had depriv'd him also by Violence and Rapine of a Hundred and Thirty or Forty Thousand Crowns and pouring in upon them recover'd all his Gold with the destruction of Fifty Spaniards but the remainder of them having receiv'd many Wounds in that Rencounter betook them to their Heels and sav'd themselves by flight but in few days after the Spaniards return and fall upon the said Cacic well-arm'd and overthrow him and all his Forces and they who out-liv'd the Combat to their great Misfortune were expos'd to the usual and frequently mention'd Bondage Of the Province of NICARAQUA THE said Tyrant An. Dom. 1522. proceeded farther very unfortunately to the Subjugation or Conquest of this Province In truth no Person can satisfactorily or sufficiently express the Fertility Temperateness of the Climate or the Multitude of the Inhabitants of Nicaraqua which was almost infinite and admirable for this Region contain'd some Cities that were Four Miles long and the abundance of Fruits of the Earth which was the cause of such a Concourse of People was highly commendable The People of this place because the Country was Level and plain destitute of Mountains so very delightful and pleasant that they could not leave it without great grief and much dissatisfaction they were therefore tormented with the greater Vexations and Persecutions and forced to bear the Spanish Tyranny and Servitude with as much Patience as they were Masters of Add farther that they were peaceable and meek-spirited This Tyrant with these Complices of his Cruelty did afflict this Nation whose advice he made use of in destroying the other Kingdoms with such and so many great Dammages Slaughters Injustice Slavery and Barbarisme that a Tongue though of Iron could not express them all fully He sent into this Province which is larger than the County of Ruscinia Fifty Horse-Men who put all the People to the Edge of the Sword sparing neither Age nor Sex upon the most trivial and inconsiderable occasion As for Example if they did not come to them with all possible speed when called and bring the imposed burthen of Mahid which signifies Corn in their Dialect or if they did not bring the Number of Indians required to his own and the Service or rather Servitude of his Associates And the Country being all Campaign or Level no Person was able to withstand the Hellish Fury of their Horses He commanded the Spaniards to make Excursions that is to rob other Provinces permitting and granting these Thieving Rogues leave to take away by force as many of these peaceable People as they could who being iron'd that they might not sink under the Burthen of Sixty or Eighty Pound weight it frequently hapned that of Four Thousand Indians Six only returned home and so they dyed by the way but if any of them chanced to faint being tired with over-weighty Burthens or through great Hunger and Thirst should be siezed with a Distemper or too much Debility and Weakness that they might not spend time in taking off their Fetters they beheaded them so the Head fell one way and the Body another The Indians when they spied the Spaniards making preparations for such Journeys knowing very well that few or none returned home alive just upon their setting out with Sighs and Tears burst out into these or the like Expressions Those were Journeys which we travelled frequently in the service of Christians and in some tract of time we return'd to our Habitations Wives and Children But now there being no hope of a return we are for ever depriv'd of their Sight and Conversation It hapned also that the said President would dissipate or disperse the Indians de novo at his own pleasure to the end as it was reported he might violently force the Indians away from such as did infest or molest him and dispose of them to others upon which it fell out that for the space of a Year complete there was no sowing or planting And when they wanted Bread the Spaniards did by force plunder the Indians of the whole stock of Corn that they had laid up for the support of their Families and by these indirect Courses above Thirty Thousand perished with Hunger Nay it fortun'd at one time that a Woman opprest with insufferable Hunger depriv'd her own Son of his Life to preserve her own In this Province also they brought many to an untimely End loading their Shoulders with heavy planks and pieces of Timber which they were compell'd to carry to a Haven Forty Miles distant in order to their building of Ships sending them likewise unto the Mountains to find out Hony and Wax where they were devour'd by Tygers nay they loaded Women impregnated with Carriage and Burthens fit for beasts But no greater pest was there that could unpeople this Province than the License granted the Spaniards by this Governour to demand Captives from the Cacics and Potentates of this Region for at the Expiration of Four or Five Months or as often as they obtain'd leave of the Governour to demand them they deliver'd them up Fifty Servants and the Spaniards terrified them with Menaces that if they did not obey them in answering their unreasonable Demands they should be burnt alive or baited to Death by Dogs Now the Indians are but slenderly stor'd with Servants for it is much if a Cacic hath Three or Four in his Retinue therefore they have recourse to the Subjects and when they had in the first place seized the Orphans they required earnestly and instantly one Son of the Parent who had but Two and Two of him that had but Three and so the Lord of the place satisfied the desires of the Tyrant not without the Effusion of Tears and Groans of the People who as it seems were very careful of their Children And this being frequently repeated in the space between the Year 1523 and 1533 the Kingdom lost all their Inhabitants for in Six or Seven Years time there were constantly Five or Six Ships made ready to be fraighted with Indians that were sold in the Regions of Panania and Perusium where they all dyed for it is by dayly Experience prov'd and known that the Indians when Transported out of their Native Country into any other soon dye because they are shortned in their allowance of Food and the Task impos'd on them no ways diminished they being only bought for Labour And by this

Hands who frequently playd the Pirate and rob'd on that shore detesting it as a wicked thing because they had lost that place where they use to be treated with as great Hospitality and Freedom as if they had been under their own Roof Nay they transported from this place among them to the Isles of Hispaniola and St. John Two Millions of Men and upward and made the Coast a Desert It is most certainly true that they never ship off a Vessel freighted with Indians but they pay a third part as Tribute to the Sea besides those who are slaughter'd when found in their own Houses Now the Soarce and Original of all this is the ends they have propos'd to themselves For there is a necessity of taking with them a great number of Indians that they may gain a great sum of Mony by their Sale now the Ships are very slenderly furnished with Provisions and Water in small Quantity to satisfie few lest the Tyrants who are term'd Owners or Proprietors of Ships should be at too great expence in Victualling their Vessels nay they scarce carry Food enough with them to maintain the Spaniards that manage the Vessel which is the reason so many Indians dye with Hunger and Thirst and of necessity they must be thrown over-board Nay one of them told me this for a Truth that there being such a Multitude of Men thus destroy'd a Ship may sail from the Isle of Lucaya to Hispaniola which is a Voyage of Twenty Leagues and upward without Chart or Compass by the sole Direction on Observation of dead fluctuating Carkasses But afterward when arriv'd and driven up into the Isle whither they are brought to be sold there is no Person that is in some small measure compassionate but would be extreamly mov'd and discompos'd at the sight viz. to spie old Men and Women together with Naked Children half starv'd Then they separate Parents from Children Wives from their Husbands about Ten or Twenty in a Company and cast lots for them that the Detestable Owners of the Ships may have their share who prepare Two or Three Ships and equip them as a Fleet of Pirates going ashore ravaging and forcing Men out of their Houses and then robbing them But when the lot of any one of them falls upon a parcel that hath an aged or diseased Man the Tyrant whose Allotment he is usually bursts out as followeth Let this old Fellow be Damm'd why do you bestow him upon me must I think you be at the charge of his Burial And this sickly Wretch how comes he to be one of my allotted portion must I take care for his cure Not I. Hence you may guess what estimate and value the Spaniards put upon Indians and whether they practise and fulfil that Divine and Heavenly precept injoyning mutual Love and Society There can be nothing more cruel and detestable then the Tyrannical usage of the Spaniards towards Indians in their Pearl-Fishing for the Torments undergone in the unnatural Exenteration and tearing out with Paracidal hands the richer bowels of our common Mother or the inward cruciating racks of the most profligate Heaven daring Desperado can admit of no comparison with these although the extracting or digging for Gold is one of the sharpese subterranean Drudgeries they plunge them down four or five ells deep under Water where swimming about without breathing they eradicate and pull up Oisters wherein the Pearls are engendred Sometimes they rise up to the superficies of the Water with Nets full of Oisters for respiration and Air but if these miserable Creatures stay but a little more then is Ordinary to rest themselves the Hangman is immediately upon them in a Canow or small Boat who beating them with many stripes drag them by the hair of the head under Water that they may drudge again at their expi●cation or Pearl Fishing Their Food is Fish and the same which contains the Pearls and Cassabus made of Roots with a few Mahids the Bread of that Countrey in the former there is little or no nutriment or substance and the other is not made without great trouble nor for all this have they a sufficient allowance thereof to support nature Their Lodging or Bed is the Earth confined to a pair of Stocks for fear they should run away And it frequently happens that they are drown'd with the toil of this kind of Fishing and never more seen for the Tuberoms and Maroxi certain Marine Monsters that devour a complete proportioned Man wholly at once prey upon them under Water You must consider withall that it is impossible for the strongest constitution to continue long under Water without breathing and they ordinarily dye through the extream rigor of the Cold spitting Blood which is occasioned by the too great compression of the Breast procreated by a continued holding breath under Water for by too much cold a profluvium of blood follows Their hair naturally black is changed into a combust burnt or Sun-colour like that of the Sea Wolves their shoulders and backs covered or overspread with a saltish humor that they appear rather like Monsters in humane shape then Men. They have destroy'd all the Lucayans by this intolerable or rather Diabolical exercise for the accustomary emolument or gain of lucre and by this means gain'd to the value of fifty sometime one hundred Crownsof every individual Indian They sell them though it was prohibited publickly for the Lucayans were excellent Swimmers and several perished in this Isle that came from other Provinces Of the River Yuya Pari. THis River washeth the Province arising from its head or fountain in another Region Two Hundred miles off and better By this a wretched Tyrant entred it and laid waste the Land for the space of many miles and murder'd abundance of them by Fire and Sword c. At length he died violently and all his Forces moldred away of themselves many succeeded him in his iniquity and cruelty and 〈◊〉 dayly destroy them sending to Hell the Souls redeemed by the blood of the Son of God. Of the Kingdom of Venecuela OUR Sovereign Lord the King in the Year 1526 over-perswaded by fallacious appearances for the Spaniards use to conceal from His Majesties knowledge the dammages and detriments which God himself the Souls and state of the Indians did suffer intrusted the Kingdom of Venecuela longer and larger then the Spanish Dominions with its Government and absolute Jurisdiction to some German Merchants with power to make certain Capitulations and Conventions who came into this Kingdom with Three Hundred Men and there found a benign mild and peaceable people as they were throughout the Indies till injured by the Spaniards These more cruel then the rest beyond comparison behav'd themselves more inhumanely then rapacious Tygres Wolves and Lyons for they had the jurisdiction of this Kingdom and therefore possessing it with the greater freedom from controul lay in wait and were the more vigilant with greater care and avarice to understand the

Year of our Lord 1526 And the other Tyrants to this very day have taken the same indirect Measures to obtain Offices and screw or wheedle themselves into publick Charges or Employments for by this Praetext and Authority they had the greater opportunity to commit Theft and Rapine This Kingdom was very well peopled and both for Temperature of Air and the Plenty of Food and Fruits in which respect it is more Fertile than Mexico but chiefly for Hony and Wax it exceeds all the Indian Countries that hath hitherto bin discover'd It is Three Hundred Miles in Compass The Inhabitants of this place do much excel all other Indians either in Politie or Prudence or in leading a Regular Life and Morality truly deserving to be instructed in the Knowledge of the true God. Here the Spaniards might have Erected many fair Cities and liv'd as it were in a Garden of Delights if they had not through Covetousness Stupidity and the weight of Enormous Crimes rendred themselves unworthy of so great a Benefit This Tyrant with Three Hundred Men began to make War with these Innocent People living peaceably at home and doing injury to none which was the ruine of a great Number of them Now because this Region affords no Gold and if it did the Inhabitants would soon have wrought away their lives by hard working in the Mines that so he might accumulate Gold by their bodies and Souls for which Christ was Crucified For the generality he made slaves of those whose lives he spared and sent away such Ships as were driven thither by the Wind of report loaden with them exchanging them for Wine Oyl Vinegar Salt Pork Garments Pack Horses and other Commodities which he thought most necessary and fit for his use He proposed to them the choice of Fifty Virgins and she that was the fairest or best complexioned he bartered for a small Cask of Wine Oyl Vinegar or some inconsiderable quantity of salt Pork the same exchange he proffered of Two or Three Hundred well-disposed Yound Boys and one of them who had the Mind or presence of a Princes Son was given up to them for a Cheese and One Hundred more for a Horse Thus he continued his flagitious courses from 1526 to 1533 inclusively till there was news brought of the Wealth and Opulence of the Region of Perusia whither the Spaniards marcht and so for some time there was a Cessation of this Tyranny but in few days after they returned and acted enormous Crimes robbed and imprisoned them and committed higher offences against the God of Heaven nor have they yet done so that now these Three Hundred Miles of Land so populous as I said before lies now uncultivated and almost deserted No Solifidian can believe the particular Narrations of their Barbarism and Cruelty in those Countreys I will only relate two or three Stories which are fresh in my memory The Spaniards used to trace the steps of Indians both Men and Women with curst Currs furious Dogs an Indian Woman that was sick hapned to be in the way in sight who perceiving that she was not able to avoid being torn in pieces by the Dogs takes a Cord that she had and hangs her self upon a Beam tying her Child which she unfortunately had with her to her foot and no sooner had she done yet the Dogs were at her tearing the Child but a Priest coming that way Baptiz'd it before quite dead When the Spaniards left this Kingdom one of them invited the Son of some Indian Governour of a City or Province to go along with him who told him he would not leave or desert his Native Countrey whereupon he threatned to cut off his ears if he refus'd to follow him But the Youth persisting resolutely that he would continue in the place of his Nativity he drawing his Sword cut off each Ear notwithstanding which he persever'd in his first opinion and then as if he had only pincht him smilingly cut off his Nose and Lips. This Rogue did lasciviously boast before a Priest and as if he had merited the greatest applause commended himself to the very Heavens saying He had made it his chief Trade or Business to impregnate Indian Women that when they were sold afterward he might gain the more Money by them In this Kingdom or I 'm certain in some Province of New Spain A Spaniard Hunting and intent on his game phancyed that his Beagles wanted food and to supply their hunger snatcht a young little Babe from the Mothers breast cutting off his Arms and Legs cast a part of them to every Dog which they having devour'd he threw the remainder of the Body to them Thus it is plainly manifest how they value these poor Creatures created after the image of God to cast them to their Canibal-Curs But that which follows is if possible a sin of a deeper dye I pretermit their unparallel'd Impieties c. and only close all with this one Story that follows Those haughty obdurate and execrable Tyrants who departed from this Countrey to Fish for Riches in Perusia and four Monks of the Order of St. Francis with Father James who Travelled thither also to keep the Countrey in Peace and attract or mildly perswade by their Preaching the remnant of Inhabitants that had outlived a septenisial Tyranny to embrace the knowledge of Christ I conceive these are the persons who in the year 1534 Travelling by Mexico were sollicited by several Messengers from the Indians to come into their Countrey and inform them in the knowledge of one God the true God and Lord of the whole World to this end they appointed Assemblies and Councils to examine and understand what Men they were who called themselves Fathers and Friers what they intended and what difference there was between them and the Spaniards by whom they had been so molested and tormented but they received them at length upon this condition that they should be admitted alone without any Spaniards which the Father 's promised for they had permission nay an express Mandate from the President of New Spain to make that promise and that the Spaniards should not do them the least detriment or injury Then they began to Preach the Gospel of Christ and to explicate and declare the pious intention of the King of Castile of all which they had notice by the Spaniards for seven years together that they had no King nor no other but him who oppressed them with so much Tyranny The Priests continued there but forty days but behold they bring forth all their Idols to be committed to the flames and then their Children which they tendred as the apple of the Eye that they might be instructed They also erected Temples and Houses for them and they were desired to come to other Provinces and Preach the Gospel and introduce them into the knowledge of God and the Great as they stilled him King of Castile And the Priests perswasions wrought so effectually on them that they condescended to that

which was never done in India before for whatsoever those Tyrants who wasted and consumed these large Kingdoms and Provinces did misrepresent and falsifie was only done to bring an odium and disgrace upon the Indians For Twelve or Fifteen Princes of spatious and well-peopled Regions assembled every one distinct and separate from the rest with his own subjects and by their unanimous consent upon Council and Advice of their own accord submitted themselves to the Government of the Castilian Kings and accepted of them as their Prince and Protector obliging themselves to obey and serve them as subjects to their Lawful Liege Lord. In Witness whereof I have in my custody a certain Instrument Signed and Attested by the aforesaid Religioso's Thus to the great joy and hope of these Priests reducing them to the knowledge of Christ they were received by the Inhabitants of this Kingdom that surviv'd the hear and rage of the Spanish Cruelties but behold eighteen Horse and Twelve Footmen by another way crept in among them bringing with them many Idols which were of great weight and taken out of other Regions by Force The Commander in chief of these Spaniards summoned one of the Dynasta's or Rulers of that Province which they entred into to appear before him and commanded him to take these Idols with him distribute them through his Countrey and exchange every single Idol for an Indian Man or Woman otherwise he would make War against him The abovesaid Lord compelled to it by fear did so accordingly with a command that his Subjects should adore Worship and Honour them and in compensation send Indians Male and Female into servitude The terrified People delivered up their Children and by this means there was an end made of this Sacrilegious Merchandize and thus the Cacic satisfied the greedy desires of the I dare not say Christian Spaniards One of these Sacrilegious Robbers was John Garcia by name who being very sick and at the point of death had several Idols hid under his Bed and calling his Indians that waited on him as a Nurse commanded her not to part with those Idols at a small rate for they were of the better sort and that she should not dispose of them without one Indian for each Idol by way of Barter Thus by this his private and Nuncupative last Will and Testament distracted with these carking cares he gave up the Ghost And who is it that will not fear his being tormented in the darkest and lowest Hell Let us now consider what progress in Religion the Spaniards made and what examples of Christianism they gave at their first arrival in America how devoutly they honoured God and what expence of sweat and toil they were at to promote his Worship and Adoration among these Infidels Let it be also taken into serious consideration whose sin is the greater either Joroboam's who made all Israel to sin and caused two Golden Claves to be erected or the Spaniards who traffick and Trade in Idols like Judas who was the occasion of such great scandals These are the good Deeds of the Spanish Dons who often nay very often to feed their Avarice and accumulate Gold have sold and still do sell denied and still do deny Jesus Christ our Redeemer The Indians now finding the Promises of the Religious that the Spaniards should not enter into this Countrey null and void nay that the Spaniards brought Idols from other places to be put off there when as they had delivered up their own to the Priests to be burnt that there might be one only Worship of the true God established among them they were highly incensed against these Friers and addressed themselves to them in these Words following Why have you deceived us binding your promises with false protestations that the Spaniards should not be admitted to come hither And why have you burnt our Gods when others are brought from other Regions by the Spaniards Are the Gods of other Provinces more sacred than ours The Friers as well as they could though they had little to return in answer endeavour'd by soft Language to appease them and went to these Thirty Spaniards declaring the evil actions they were guilty of humbly supplicating them to withdraw themselves from that place Which they would by no means condescend to and what is most flagitious and wicked perswaded the Indians that they were introduc'd by those Priests Which being made known to them These Indians resolved to be the death of these Monks but having notice thereof by some courteous Indians they stole away from thence by night and fled but after their departure the truth of the matter and the Spanish Malice being understood they sent several Messengers who followed them fifty Miles distant beseeching them in the name of the Indians to return and begging pardon for that ignorant mistake The Preists relying on their words returned and were caress'd like Angels sent from Heaven and continued with them from whom they received a Thousand kindnesses four or five months But when the Spaniards persisted in their resolution not to quit the place although the Vice-Roy did use all endeavours and fair means to recall them they were Proclaim'd Traitors guilty of High Treason and because they continued still exercising Tyranny and perpetrating nefandous Crimes the Priests were sensible they would study revenge though it might be some considerable time before they put it in execution fearing that it might fall upon their own heads and since they could not exercise the function of their Ministry securely and undisturbed by reason of the continual Incursions and Assaults made by the Spaniards they consulted about their departure and did leave this Kingdom accordingly which remain'd destitute of all Christian Doctrin and these poor Souls are at this day involv'd in the obscurity of their former Misery and Ignorance they being deprived by these accursed Spaniards of all hopes of remedy and the irrigation of Divine knowledge just like young withering Plants for want of Water For in that very juncture of time when these Religioso's took leave they embraced the Doctrine of our Faith with the greatest Fervency and Eagerness imaginable Of the Province of St. MARTHA THE Province of St. Martha was rich in the Neighbouring Golden Mines and a fruitful Soil nay the People were very expert and industrious in those Mine-works Upon this Account or Temptation it was that from the Year 1540 to 1542 abundance of Tyrants sailed thither laying waste the whole Country by their Depredations slaughtering the Inhabitants at a prodigious and bloody rate and robbing them of all their Gold who dayly fled to their Ships for Refuge moving sometime to one place and sometime to another And thus these Provinces were laid waste the greatest Outrages being committed on the Sea-shore which lasted till the Year 1523 whither the Spaniards then came to seat themselves and fix their intended Habitation And because it is a plentiful Region and Opulent withal it was subjected to several Rulers who