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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A95324	The true way to render Ireland happy and secure, or, A discourse; wherein 'tis shewn, that 'tis the interest both of England and Ireland, to encourage foreign Protestants to plant in Ireland In a letter to the right honourable Robert Molesworth, one of His Majesty's honourable Privy Council in Ireland, and one of the members of the honourable House of Commons, both in England and Ireland.	Molesworth, Robert Molesworth, Viscount, 1656-1725.	1697 (1697)	Wing T3129; ESTC R232990	29,409	28

Irish are so subdu'd that there is no danger of their disturbing us for the time to come By such a forward reckoning as this have the English continually been deceiv'd and very fatally Impos'd on themselves ever since the first Conquest of Ireland I think it Sir not inconvenient to instance some Cases very briefly Henry the Second the First Conqueror after he came into Ireland contented himself with the Oaths and Submissions of the Irish he thought they were sufficient and did not trouble himself with Building of Garisons or Leaving an Army here those who came after him saw that they have but a very bad Interest who rely upon Irish Submissions I find in Sir George Carew's Manuscripts in the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury's Manuscript Library at Lambeth (a) Lib. M. pag. 38. that Richard the Second in the Ninth year of his Reign made Robert de Vere Duke of Ireland Lord Lieutenant here gave him 1500 men super conquestum illius terrae perdues annos they were positive then that those men wou'd serve to Conquer Ireland fully in Two years but they were out in their Reckoning for in the same Book (b) ib. pag. 39. I find which is related likewise by our Historians that King Richard the Second in the year 1394 which was but Nine years after came over himself in Person with an Army of 30000 Archers and 4000 men of Arms. This was a pretty sort of Army for a King to bring into a Country which his Lieutenant had so lately engag'd to Conquer in Two years with less than the 20th part of the men But notwithstanding this Army and the general Submissions of the Irish to him he came over again to head another Army within Five years I find by the Instructions which Queen Eliz. gave that Great and Worthy Person Sir Henry Sidney in the year 1575 when he came over Lord Deputy which are in the Manuscript Library at Lambeth (a) Lib. H. fol. 326. that he had Engag'd to Her that he wou'd defray all Her Charge here for 20000 l. Per Annum besides the Revenue of the Kingdom which was then little or nothing This was more than King Edward the Third gave Sir William Windsor who Covenanted with the King by Indenture to defray all the Charge for 11213 l. 06● 08 d. Per Annum (b) Lib. M. fol. 44. and yet if he had liv'd till the latter end of the Queen's Reign and made his Bargain good he had sav'd Her a Considerable Treasure Four years after Anno 1579 we find among the same Manuscripts (c) Lib. L. fol. 265. that an Opinion touching the Government of Ireland proposes with 2000 Souldiers well plac'd to keep the whole Country in Subjection How these Projectors were mistaken a little time discover'd for Mr. Spencer in his Eudoxus Irenaeus Complains of the vast deal of Money which the Queen had spent in a little time and Camden (a) Camd append to Eliz. tells us that O Neal's War which the Queen ended cost England 1198717 l. Mr. Spencer who was Offended at the Oversight of others is sure he has a contrivance which will put an end to all these Troubles he 's then for having all put to their helping Hands and H●arts and doing all at once If 10000 Foot and 1000 Horse be sent into Ireland he says that in a year and a half 's time they 'l do the work effectually and Settle the Perpetual Peace of the Kingdom (b) Spencer pag. 233. when the Ingenious Mr Edm. Spencer form'd this Scheme Sir William Russ●● who was Sworn August 11th 1594. was Lord Deputy within Four or Five years after his Writing it he saw that he mistook as well as others had done for in the Instructions Queen Elizabeth gave Robert Earl of Ess●x which is in one of the above named Manuscripts (c) Lib. C.C. fol. 169. 170. in the year 1599. on the 25th of March when he was made Lord Lieutenant of Ireland we find She allows him 16000 Foot and 1●00 Horse to finish the War betime and Orders him to receive the Capital Tray●or O Neal to no Conditions but bare Submissions This Army by the Rule of proportion ought to have done hat in somewhat more than a year which Mr. Spencer's was to do in a year and half and yet we find in another Book among Sir George Carew's Manuscripts in Lambeth Library that above Three years afterwards in April 1602 the List of the Army was 1350 Horse and 16000 Foot and in September following the List was 1425 Horse and ●6250 Foot (a) Manucripts in Pag. 14. Any man will at first sight perceive why I am thus particular in mentioning these things 't is to shew how the English have been mistaken in their Reckoning that this may make them cautious at the present The Troubles which follow'd afterwards are a plainer Demonstration of their Errour Notwithstanding the Subjection which the Army of Queen Elizabeth brought the Irish to and the trouble which King James Her Successor had and the Care he took by making New Plantations and Raising strong Fortresses to secure the Peace of this Kingdom yet in 1641 a Rebellion began with a most Bloody Massacre and a War ensued which put England to much more Charge than they were at since the Conquest After this War the English reckoned themselves in Possession of a Peace which cou'd never again be Disturbed And in the year 1672 we find that one of the greatest Heads in Europe (a) Sir William Petty Polit. Anatom of Ireland positively Asserted that it could not be in the power of the Irish to disturb the British of this Kingdom again Had he Printed his Book at that time I should almost have suspected that he wrote it to please the Government that Protestants here might Entertain no Suspicion of the great Favour which by Proclamation was shewn the Irish Papists the Year following 'T is plain from what follow'd afterwards that he was mistaken as others were before him We to our Sorrow are Witnesses that they grew to that head as to put England to the Charge of sending over such an Army as never was seen in this Island before and did themselves the Honour of looking the Most Warlike Prince and after him the greatest General in Europe in the Face I know people will say that this happen'd by the King's Indulgence to them and that 't was impossible they should give England that trouble if the Sword had not been put into their Hands I think 't was possible that they might have had a better opportunity than that For suppose that before King James came to the Crown a Civil War had broken out in England which had employ'd the whole Strength of the Kingdom if the French King in such a Case had Landed a considerable Army in Ireland and the Irish had Universally joyn'd with him would not they have put the English harder to it This might have been for we

know a very good Author who tells us that the French King had it in his Thoughts to Land an Army in Ireland And that he made the Peace of Nimiguen more readily upon that very Account What Accidents may happen after this Genera●ion is passed away God only knows This I know that I can think of things that may possibly happen which may give the Irish an opportunity at least with Forreign Assistance which they will always Industriously sollicit of troubling us again Wise and Good people who have a concern for their Posterity would provide against all Accidents and whatsoever their present condition be would not reckon themselves Secure when the Irish are three to one especially when they consider that as the English Power grew greater in Ireland the Efforts of the Irish in their Insurrections were always more considerable and dangerous to the English There is a good Reason for it such as every body has not thought of but is very material and worthy our Consideration that is this That the Irish have Increas'd in Power and Number by means of the English and will do so far the time to come When Henry the Second Invaded the Kingdom the Computation was that there were then but 300000 Souls in Ireland 'T is ve●y probable that if they had been left to themselves and their old Custom of Cutting Throats and Mu●thering one another their number would not have been much greater at this day All the English who came in since that time except those of latter years have been getting Children for them and Increasing their st●ck so great a part have they had in making them numerous as they are that it cou'd be shown that above half the Names of Ireland which are now of the Language Customs Religion and Interest of the Irish were old English who came over to subdue them Such are all the old names of the pale Such are in the County of Waterford the Powers Welches Pendergrasses Sherlocks Geraldines Nugents Condons Browns Dobbins Heys Such in the County of Cork besides some of these are the Barrys Roches Coureyes M●agh Fitz-Edmonds Carons Whites Russels c. And thus I could run thro' all the other Counties in Ireland were it not tedious Many old English names there are which have been chang'd into the meer Irish Mac's and O's The Mac Quilins in the County of Autrim who in the Reign of King James the first were destroyed by the Mac Donnels were anciently Welshmen and the name was William● The O Rely's in the County of Cavan some say were Ridley's The Mac Swynes in Ulster were formerly Vero's And the Mac Mahons Fitz U●sula's In Conaught Mac Morrice was formerly Pendergrass Mac Avile Stanton Mac Jordan D'Exter Mac Quistolo Nangle Mac Phadin Mac Pieke Mac Tomin all Barrets O Doud Dowdal Mac Delphin Dolphin Mac Granel Nangle Mao Thomas Joyes Mac Orish B●imingham O Naughton Snow Mac Kogh Gough Mac Nemara Mor●imer Mac William Eughter Mac Phillippine Burgh's And a vast number of other Names which I cou'd reckon There is in one of the Manuscripts at Lam●e●h (a) Lib. CC. Fol. 57 58. a Letter which Sir Henry Sidney wrote to the Lords of the Council in England the 27th of April 1576. Wherein he tells them that when he was in Conaught there came to him Mac Phaton Mac ●●ylye Mac Jordan Mac Gostelo and Mac Maurice and brought him Matters of Record and Credit to shew that they had been not only English which every one says he Confesses but also Lords and Barons in Parliament and that they had then Lands sufficient for Barons if they might weld their own quietly That they were so Barbarous that they had not three Hacney's between them to carry them and their Train home These and some other old English Gentlemen he says came and Lamented their Devastation and with one consent cry'd for Justice and English Government in so miserable and yet magnanimous a manner as it would make any English heart to feel Compassion with them This short Account gives a good Idea of all those old English who liv'd among the Irish They did not as 't is said Messala Corvinus a Learned man did in a fit of Sickness forget their Names but they put them off together with their Language and former manner of Living So Universal was this Degeneracy that even the old English of the pale tho' by reason of the nearness of the State they retain'd more of Civility yet became Irish in their Affection and Interest And in the late War 't is certain that as they were the greatest men both in the Army and the management of the State so were they as forward and deep as any of the old Irish in the Design that was form'd to shake of the English Yoke And when I speak of the late War I cannot but observe that Sir Valentine Brown who lost his Estate for being Engag'd with the Irish in this War against the Interest of England Descended from that Sir Valentine Brown who in a Discourse about Peopleing Munster to be seen in one of the Manuscripts at Lambeth (b) Lib. L. Fol. 4● in the year 1584. when Sir John Perrot was Lord Deputy Propos'd to Queen Elizabeth that the Geraldins and the Principals of the Free holders should be Prosecuted by War to the utter Extirpation of them and theirs We cannot so much wonder at this when we consider how many there are of the Children of Oliver's Souldiers in this Kingdom who cannot speak one word of English And which is stranger the same may be said of some of the Children of King William's Souldiers who came but t'other day into the Country This misfortune is oweing to the Marrying Irish women for want of English who came not over in so great numbers as were requisite 'T is sure that no English-man in Ireland knows what his Children may be as things are now They cannot well live in the Country without growing Irish for none take such care as Sir Jerom Alexander did who left his Estate to his Daughter provided she Married no Irish-man or any Related to that Interest Since things are thus the Irish unless a great deal of care be taken will out number us in a greater proportion than now they do They are not Imploy'd in our Wars as the British are they Marry much younger than the British do and get a great many Children before they Marry and are not as severely punished for it as they might be And besides as I said the Children of the English by Conversing in the Country with them learn their Language admire their Customs Marry with them very frequently and of course Embrace their Religion What then can better secure us and our Posterity than to Encourage great numbers of Forreign Protestants who will Contribute to Reform the Manners and Religion of the Irish and thus do God and the Country the greatest Service to come over and take up their Habitations among us I know 't will

of him may encline multitudes of them to come into Ireland and that by means of his Credit with the English Methods may be contriv'd for their Settlement here If any thing of this kind be done there will be many evil men of differing perswasions byass'd by their Privat Interests who will raise loud Clamours and Objections and make it their Business to Obstruct such a Work The design that I had in commiting my rude Thoughts to Writeing was to set people on thinking of what may be for the Publick Interest of this Kingdom and to anticipate all Objections which may be made against Forreigners being Planted here A short Undertaking of this kind may have an use in it which every one does not think of When a Colony of men are Invited or Receiv'd into a Country 't is for the Interest of the Publick that as soon as may be they grow one both in their Interest and affections with the people with whom they are Incorporated This depends very much upon the Inclinations which men have towards them in the begining for if at their first comming in the Inhabitants are Prejudiced against them from hence Animosities will Naturally arise and such ill Blood may by degrees be bred in them as may creat perpetual Feuds opposit to the Interest of the State 'T is convenient therefore that they make their entrance with the good Will and Approbation of the People of the Land This little Discourse may be in some sort useful to that end In it I will shew that 't is the Interest both of Ireland and England to encourage Forreign Protestants to settle here and then I will propose some Incouragement to be given them That 't is the Interest of Ireland to Encourage Forreign Protestants to Live and Settle here 'T is the Interest of Ireland to Encourage Foreign Protestants the Parliament of this Kingdom thought when in the Year 1692. in my Lord Rumney's time they made the Act for Naturalization They knew very well that without many People a Country can be neither Rich nor Secure and that by making their Land a Place of Refuge and Sanctuary for Strangers they took the most effectul course to increase their Strength and add to their Prospority It happens sometimes that Laws which the Wisdom of a Nation sees are for the good of the Common-wealth and are Enacted after the most mature deliberation yet are too freely Censur'd when they thwart the imaginary Interest of Privat men This may very well be suppos'd to be the Fate of a Law which Enfranchises Strangers If a Tradesman who is one of the first Rate Orators among the men of his Tribe fancies that his Condition is rendred worse than 't was before and thereupon Damn Forrigeners and those who made Laws to bring them in others will be ready to follow the Cry without examining whether there was Reason for it or no that a Naturealization in Ireland and the Encouraging such Protestants as the French are particulary for our greatest hopes are from them cannot come under this censure I shall Endeavour to shew Every one who knows the Condition of Ireland at this time and has view'd the Scenes of it's former Troubles must own that that will be of the greatest advantage to it Which will better the present Condition of the Country and which will Settle and Secure it from such troubles and Rebellons as it has formerly been perpetually harass'd with these will be the effects of Encouraging Protestants to Settle here This will make the Condition of the Country better than ' t is The way of the World is when they compare Countrys one with another to take their Estimate from their Wealth and Improvements of all sorts and to set the greatest value on those which are Naturally the best and have the most Artificial Wealth and Furniture in them Otherwise we must say that all Countries are alike and that Holland which makes so great a Figure in Europe is not to be valued above New Holland in Asia which is Discrib'd to be one of the most miserable places in the World We may thus compare a Country with it self and viewing it in differing periods of time reckon it in a better or worse Condition according as we see it Flourish or Decay in it's Improvements or Wealth I 've seen in Sir George Carew's Manuscripts in the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury's Library at Lambeth (a) Ms. marked M. page 49. Ex Arch. Cast Dub. An Extract out of the Archives of the Castle of Dublin which says That formerly for 250 Years together the Customs of the Realm of Ireland did never exceed in any One Year above the Summ of 1000 l. And I find by another Manuscript (b) Lib. XX. p. 62 63. in the same Library That in the Year 1611 in the Reign of King James the First Miles Cogan who took a Survey of the Kingdom Reported that the whole Exportation and Importation of the Country amounted only to 211000 l. No one I suppose will say that the Kingdom was then in as good a condition as it is at this time when the Customs are about 130000 l. And he that considers how many fair Ports do now lie idle how thin of Inhabitants and Un-improved the Land is in most places will hardly say that Ireland cannot be render'd more Flourishing than ' t is It is sure it may but this must be by a greater multitude of People Where there is so much Ground and so few Inhabitants it cannot be imagin'd that the People are able by their utmost Labour and Industry to raise all the rich Commodities and Fruits which 't is naturally apt to produce much less can we imagine how the Countrey shou'd be Beautified and Enrich'd with Improvements How the Foundations of new Towns or Cities should be laid or any considerable Additions made to the Old ones How the Ports should be made use of or Ships sent to Sea when the Commodities of the Countrey lie in the Bowells of the Earth for want of Hands to force them out Or how men shou'd trouble themselves to go to Sea and endanger their Lives in Fishing for Food there when the Earth supplies them with plenty of Provisions and they may live secure in idleness and almost in the forgetfulness of Labour on the dry Land These are the Practices this the Condition of more Populous Countries Where there are abundance of People the Country tho' the Barrenness of the Soil shou'd give the greatest opposition must necessarily become Wealthy Crouds of People upon the Breach of the Roman Empire Raised the great City of Venice on those little Rocks and scraps of Islands which yielded before but an uncomfortable habitation to poor Fishermen The United Provinces which are now one of the great Bulwarks of the Protestant Religion and the Liberties of Europe were formerly we know of no great Consideration till great shoal's of people flock'd in thither and were forc'd in their own Defence

fetter'd by English Statutes This our Friends in England say is Policy and 't is a maxim among them that 't is their Interest to keep Ireland low If by their Interest they mean the Interest of some privat men who have Ends of their own to serve distinct from the Publick Good and if by Ireland they mean the Popish Irish Interest of Ireland then I allow that what they say may be true I think 't is the undoubted Interest of the King and Kingdom of England that those who are of the Protestant Religion and English Interest in Ireland be very numerous and that under them this Kingdom Flourish and grow Rich. The King will allow and so must every one that 't is His Interest to have His Power and Strength increas'd by the increase of Loyal Subjects and his Revenue made greater by the growth of their Wealth And when the thing is duly consider'd it must be allowed that 't is no less the Interest of the Kingdom of England then of the King What can be more convenient for England than to have a Kingdom so near it which will be able to raise and maintain a considerable Body of Protestant Souldiers whenever there is occasion In the time of Edward the First we find it recorded that three several Armies were rais'd of the Kings Subjects in Ireland and Transported one into Scotland another into Wales and the third into Gascoign Edward the Third Imploy'd an Irish Army under the Command of the Earl of Kildare and Faleo de 〈◊〉 F●●yn at the Siege of Callis And Henry the Fifth call'd over the Prior of Kilm●inam with 15●0 Irish to the Seige of 〈◊〉 If it had been the good Fortune of Ireland in former times to be put unto such a Condition by Protestant Plantations that it had been able to maintain an Army this War in Handers it had thereby lessen'd the Change of English which I believe all the People of England will allow had been for their Interest But let us examine a little more nicely whether or no it be more the Interest of England to keep I●eland low than to have it to grow Rich and Flourish by the increase of Protestant People and growth of Trade I do believe that every wise and and considering English man will allow me that scarce any one thing can happen without the Coasts of England that wou'd be more fatal to it than that Ireland shou'd come into the hands of the greatest Power in Europe The Inconveniences that would happen upon it I need not mention Let us see then whether of the two will be likelier to prevent this to keep things in the State they are that is to say to suffer the I●ish Papists who are at least Three times as Numerous as we are and are to a man in the Interest of the French King to exceed us so much in number or to promote our growing more Considerable than we are by the Addition of Protestant People and the increase of Wealth The greater we are in Riches and People the abler we shall be not only to Defeat any Rebellions at home or Descents from abroad which may be ultimatly levell'd against England but also to lend a Considerable Assistanance to our Mother-Country in any necessary War she 's Ingag'd in I think 't is the Opinion of every English man that 't is the undoubted Interest of England to keep Possession of Ireland If so then I wou'd fain see some Reason given why 't is not the Interest of the People of England to render Ireland secure and make it Wealthy as well as England To say that Ireland is a Conquer'd Country is no Reason for wise Nations when they Conquer Countries with a Design to keep them do propose to themselves to add to the Grandeur Strength and Wealth of their own Country by it but how is this to be done but by Improveing their Conquest and by Immunities and Encouragements rendering them as like their own as they can and I think it may seem a little strange that a Nation fam'd for wisdom and Equity as the English are shou'd not after above 520 years possession in a Country so conveniently Situated so good so improveable as Ireland is order things so as that the very name of Conquer'd which has a very mischievous Idea join'd to it and all manner of Jealousies being taken away both Islands might be rendred one in all their Interests If they were made one Kingdom which I wish that this Reign and our present great Ministers of State in England may have the Glory of accomplishing I believe England wou'd then reckon it their Interest to help to make this Country as Considerable and Strong as they cou'd by promoting the increase of our Wealth and the growth of Protestant People and they wou'd no more grumble at our Prosperity than the North of England dos at the happiness of the South If such a Country as Ireland is well peopled and Wealthy were join'd to England just as Wales is I would ask whether England would not be put into a better condition than before The Hollanders who take a great deal of pains to gain ground from the Sea will allow it and he that denies it must be forc'd to own that England is not the better for the Addition of Wales and that 't would be no worse if Wales and many of its own Shires were lopp'd off from it But 't will be said that Ireland is not contiguous and joyn'd to England as I suppose Tho' it be not it may be made one Kingdom with it and then 't would be much the better for being divided from it by the Sea as it is For now the two Islands have more good Ports between them than they would have if they joyn'd together the Wealth and Naval force of England would be greater by means of the Shiping that must be employ'd between the two Countries And 't is sure that we can't easily imagin how great the Power and Wealth of England would be as the Kingdoms are now placed if they were made one Kingdom if England would take off the Shackles of Ireland make us a Free people and we gave Forreign Protestants Encouragement to live here I 'm sure if Ireland had been in such a condition long ago England would have some Millions of Money and a vast Treasure of Men which it now wants But some do imagin that Ireland cannot grow in Wealth but by Impoverishing England or hindering the growth of its Wealth They may as well say that they cannot have a considerable Addition to their Protestant people without making England weaker The Increase of Wealth in Ireland must Increase that of England for whatsoever Fountain our Wealth here springs from what ever Conduits it runs thro' it in the end empties it self in England Ireland may be render'd very Wealthy by a Trade which will not in the least interfere with that of England Ireland is by a great many reckon'd equal to