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A60472 Horological dialogves in three parts shewing the nature, use, and right managing of clocks and watches : with an appendix containing Mr. Ovghtred's method for calculating of numbers : the whole being a work very necessary for all that make use of these kind of movements / by J. S. ... Smith, John, fl. 1673-1680.; Oughtred, William, 1575-1660. Appendix wherein is contained a method of calculating all numbers for watches. 1675 (1675) Wing S4105; ESTC R10982 35,934 138

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those antient movements you speak of do in our days seem many of them to be very little worn Yet I will prove to you by plain and evident reasons that those Clocks and Watches which we make now a dayes though the wheels and other parts are composed of brass the softer metal shall in the general out last all others whatsoever provided it be truly and religiously wrought to prove which consider first that the service of all pinions are in such proportion to the wheels that moveth them or are moved by them as their numbers are one to another so that if a wheel contain sixty teeth and the pinion which it moveth about contain but six the service of this pinion must needs be ten times as much as the service of that wheel because it maketh ten revolutions to the wheeles one and so by consequence every tooth or leaf of that pinion must be worn ten times as much as every tooth in that wheel to make therefore these wheels and pinions to wear a like and continue the one as long as the other t is requisite that the substance of the pinion should be so many degrees more hard and durable as its proportion of wearing is then the substance of the wheel which moveth it by which means they will wear better and continue longer without reparation then otherwise t is possible for them to do for if you observe those german movements you speak of whose wheels and pinions and other parts are all of steel you shall find the pinions irrepairably decaied when the wheels are never the worse for since that almost all the wearing to which those parts are liable be laid one the pinions we may reasonably conclude that they are sooner worn out by just halfe the time then they otherwise would have been if the wheel had been made of such a metal whose proportion of hardness or softness would have admitted an equal share of wearing with it which ill conveniencies are all avoyded by that method of working now a days used in framing of these movements there fore in this sort of work take this for a general rule where there is no exception that what proportion of wearing one part beareth unto another such a proportion of hardness should the metal of the one have above the other to make them wear equal and Continue long in that placide estate of motion which is requisite in things of this nature Chi I am now in part convinced of my error but yet I think your general rule holds not good in all parts of a Clock for then how comes it to pass that in Clocks you make their pevets which are of steel to move in frames of brass this according to your general rule cannot wear equally because they are substances of unequal hardness yet perform both the same taske whence we may conclude that the more soft must needs be more sensiable of the wearing then that which is more hard therfore how can your method of working be good in these parts Art The rule and method holds good still with our exception for though it be an ill convenience in other parts yet in pevets and their receptacles it is not so for reason requires if ' twear possible that all the wearing to which those parts are subject should be in the pevet holes and not in the pevets themselves for when pevets are worn and decayed there 's no repairing them without new pinions which is exceeding chargeable whereas pevet-holes are more easily reduced and with far smaller cost thus of two evils we have chosen the least Chi. Why are true proportion and uniform figure required to make the movement of a Clock more lasting and durable Art True proportion and uniform figure are required because without it movements of this Nature cannot perform and we count a Clock to be worn or which is all one to be of no value when he ceaseth to perform that office for which he is designed if therefore the teeth of the pinions are not proportional to the teeth of the wheels or the teeth of both to themselves if the pevets are too big or too little if the wheels are too large or the generality of the work too heavy and cumbersom 't is certain this Clock is not of the number of those that are accounted the best Chi. What is required in its officiousness to make it good or excellent Art In its officiousness two things are required first continuance in motion secondly regularity in the same as to the first of these 't is certain that those Clocks that have true proportion in their parts and uniformity of figure also must needs 〈◊〉 a Clock of continuance in motion according to the best kind provided it be well defended by case or otherwise from air and dust the one being subject to rust the steel work which may happen to put a stop to its motion and the other by clogging the teeth and choaking the pevets will be apt to produce the same effect As to their regularity I shall say only thus much that those Clocks who have their motion regulated by a Pendulum are more excellent then those who are regulated by a Ballance and those that are regulated by a long Pendulum are far more excellent than those that are regulated by a short one to all which I shall add this one general rule that those Clocks are to be accounted best that perform most with least work DIALOGUE IV. Of the several conclusions that have been are and may be wrought by the motion of Clockwork CHi Is it possible by the moving of Clockwork to represent or work any other motion or conclusion then that of the hour Art Of those several motions and conclusions that may be wrought by Clock-work I will give you an account as far as my knowledge or inquiry will permit me the first thing I shall deliver as possible to be effected by their motion is that first they may be made to show the month of the year the days of the moneth the the hours of the day the minutes of an hour and the secants of a minute 2 They may besides the hour in any particuler place be made to shew the hour in any place of the known World so that by inspection thereon you may have readily given you the hour at that time as it is naturally in any particuler known Region Kingdome or Principal City in the Universe 3. They may be made to shew the Suns place in the twelve signs of the Zodiack his declination from the equinoctial his right and oblick ascention his amplitude rising and setting length of the day and night with the beginning and ending of twilight throughout the whole year 4. They may shew the moons age time of her new full and quarters her rising and setting and southing her time of shining and motion through the twelve signs of the Zodiack 5. They may shew the rising setting and southing of any fixed Stars