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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
kingdom_n	people_n	power_n	see_v	1,799	5	3.3938	3	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A91243	A plea for the Lords: or, A short, yet full and necessary vindication of the judiciary and legislative power of the House of Peeres, and the hereditary just right of the lords and barons of this realme, to sit, vote and judge in the high Court of Parliament. Against the late seditious anti-Parliamentary printed petitions, libells and pamphlets of Anabaptists, Levellers, agitators, Lilburne, Overton, and their dangerous confederates, who endeavour the utter subversion both of parliaments, King and peers, to set up an arbitrary polarchy and anarchy of their own new-modelling. / By William Prynne Esquire, a well-wisher to both Houses of Parliament, and the republike; now exceedingly shaken and indangered in their very foundations.	Prynne, William, 1600-1669.	1648 (1648)	Wing P4032; Thomason E430_8; ESTC R204735	72,921	83

Committees and proceedings contrary to the rules of Law and Iustice to right all grieved Petitioners especially such who have waited at least seven yeares space at your doores for reparations relieve poore starved Ireland and raise up the almost lost honor power freedome and reputation of Parliaments by acting Honorably and heroically like your selves without any feare favour hatred or selfe-ends and confining your selves the Commons House to the ancient bounds and rules of Parliamentary Iurisdiction and proceedings and to excell all others as farre in Iustice Goodnesse and publike resolutions as you do in Greatnesse and Authority Which that you may effectually performe shall be the the prayer of Your Lordships in all humble Service W. PRYNNE A PLEA For the LORDS OR A short yet full and necessary Vindication of the Judiciary and Legislative Power of the House of Peeres and the Hereditary just Right of the Lords and Barons of this Realme to sit vote and judge in the high Court of Parliament THe treasonable and destructive designe of divers dangerous Anabaptists Levellers Agitators in the Army City Countrey and of Lilburne Overton their Champions and Ring-leaders in this Seditious Plot to dethrone the King unlord the Lords new-modell the House of Commons extirpate Monarchy suppresse the House of Peers and subvert Parliaments the onely obstacles to their pretended Polarchy and Anarchy are now so legible in their many late printed Petitions Libells Pamphlets and visible in their actings and publike proceedings that it rather requires our diligence and expedition to prevent then hesitancy to doubt or dispute them they positively protesting against and denying both King and Monarchy in their a A Remonstrance of many thousand a●zens to their own House of Commons p. 6. the just mans Justification p. 10. Regall Tyranny Discovered A Declaration from his Excellency and the Generall Counsell of the Army Ian. 11. 1647. p. 7. Speeches c. at a Conference newly published by Walker printed verbatim out of Dolman the Iesuit his Booke condemned Pamphlets and Remonstrances with the Power and Judicature of the House of Peers and their undoubted just Hereditary right to Vote act or sit in Parliament because they are not elected by the people as Knights and Burgesses are asserting b Lilburnes Iust Man in Bonds p. 1 2. A Pearl in a Dunghill The Free-mans Freedome Vindicated An Anatomy of the Lords Tyranny his Argument and Plea before the Committee against the Lords Authority his Petition to the Commons his Letters to Henry Martin Overtons Arrow of Defiance shot into the Prerogative Bowells of the House of Lords his Petition and Appeale A Defiance against Arbitrary Vsurpation The Agreement of the People and Petitions wherein it was presented to the House of Commons An Alarum to the House of Lords See M. Edwards Gangraena part 3. p. 192. to 204. That they are no naturall issues of our Lawes but the Exorbitances and Mushromes of Prerogative the Wenns of just Government the Sons of Conquest and usurpation not of choice and election intruded upon us by power not made by the people from whom ALL POWER PLACE and OFFICE that is just in this Kingdome OUGHT TO ARISE meere arbitrary Tyrants Vsurpers an illegitimate and illegall power and Judicatory who act and Vote in our affaires but as INTRUDERS who ought of right not to judge censure or imprison any Commoner of England even for libelling against them refusing to appeare before them reviling and contemning them and their Authòrity to their faces at their very Barre as Lilburne Overton bost and print they did or breaking any of their undoubted Priviledges And to accomplish this their designe the better they endeavour by their most impudent flattery to ingage the House of Commons against the House of Peers the better to pull them downe stiling and proclaming them in their c Overtons Petition and Appeal to the High and mighty States the Knights and Burgesses in Parliament assembled Englands legall Soveraigne Power The R●monstrance of many thousands to their own House of Commons A printed Petition now in agitation of many Freeborne people to the only Supreme Power of this Realme the Commons in Parliament assembled The Anatomy of the Lords Tyranny An Alarum to the House of Lords See M. Edwards Gangraena part 3. p. 154. to 204. Petitions and Pamphlets The ONLY Supreme legall Judicatory of the Land who ought BY RIGHT to judge the Lords and their proceedings from whom they appeale for right and reparations against the House of Peeres affirming That in the Commons House alone resides the formall and legall Supreme Power of England who ONELY are chosen by the people and THEREFORE IN THEM ONELY is the power of binding the whole Nation by making altering or abolishing Lawes without the Kings or Lords concurrent assents to whom they now absolutely deny any Negative voice making the Commons a compleat Independent Parliament of themselves and therefore present all their Petitions and addresses to them alone without any acknowledgement or notice of the House of Peers to whom they deny any right or title to sit or vote in Parliament unlesse they will first divest themselves of their Peerage and Barons right of Session and submit to stand for the next Knights and Burgesses place in the House of Commons that shall fall void where if they may have any voice or influence the meanest Cobler Tinker Weaver or Water-man shall be elected a Knight or Burgesse sooner then the best and greatest Peer and John of Leyden preferred before King or Prince Charles Sic Sceptra ligonibus aequanti which Petitions and Pamphlets of theirs have so puffed and bladdered up many Novices and raw Parliament-men in the Commons House unacquainted with the bounds proceedings and originall Constitution of Parliaments and the Lawes and Customes of England that they begin to act vote and dispose of the Army Navy c. without and against the Lords not expecting their concurrence contrary to all former proceedings of Parliament the Lords just Priviledges and their own Solemne League and Covenant to maintaine them which may prove destructive to both Houses the Parliament Kingdome and oppressive to their Representatives the people who generally dislike it if not timely redressed and breeds such a deadly feud between the Houses as may ruine them both and the Kingdome to boot The end of these Anabaptists Levellers and Lilburnians being only to * See M. Edwards Gangraena part 3. where this is fully demonstrated destroy the Parliament by setting both Houses at variance they inveighing as bitterly against the power proceedings Ordinances Votes Power Members undue Elections and unequall Constitutions of the House of Commons as the Lords and therefore have so earnestly pressed in their d Lilburnes Letter to a friend Innocency and Truth justified and his late Letters to Cromwell Martin Sir Thomas Fairfax and others Englands Birthright Englands lamentable Slavery Another word to the wise Comparata Comparandis Liberty against Slavery The

and Parl. 2. R. 2. n. 7 9. they are called the GREAT COUNCEL OF LORDS by waging of their extraordinary wisdome and abilities And therefore most fit to sit vote and judge in Parliament Secondly The Lords and great Officers of the Realme as such were ever reputed persons of greatest Valour Courage Power in regard of their great interests Estates allies and retainers and so best able to withstand and redresse all publike grievances and enchroachments of the King upon their owne and the peoples Liberties in defence whereof they have in ancient times been alwayes most ready and active to spend not only their estates but blood and lives for wherewith they have redeemed and preserved those Liberties and Freedomes we now enjoy and contend for And in this regard our ancesters in point of wisdome policy and right thought meet that they should alwayes be sommoned to and bear chief sway in our Parliaments in respect of their Peerage Power and Nobility only without the peoples election This reason of their sitting in Parliament we find expresly recorded in Bracton l. 2. c. 16. fol. 34. and in Fleta l. 1. c. 17. The King say they hath a Superiour namely God also the Law by which He is made a King likewise His Count to wit THE EARLS BARONS because they are called Counts as being the KINGS FELLOWS and he who hath a Fellow hath A MASTER And therefore if the King shal be without a bridle that is without a Law debent ei fraenum imponere THEY OUGHT TO IMPOSE A BRIDLE ON HIM c. which the Commons being persons of lesse power and interest were unable to do Andrew Horn in his Mirrour of Justice ch 1. § 2 3. renders the like reason In all the contest and Wars between K. John Hen. 3. Edw. 2. Rich. 2. concerning Magna Charta and the Liberties of the Subjects the Lords Barons were the Ring-leaders and chief Opposers of these Kings Usurpations and Encroachments on the people as all our g See Mat. Paris Matthew Westminster Walsingham Huntingdon Holings head Polythronicon Coxton Grims●on Stow Speed Trussell Baker Martin Daniel How and the Soveraign Power of Parliaments Kingdomes part 1 2. 3. 10 R. 2. c. 1 2. 11 R. 2. c. 1. to 7. 21 R. 4. c. 7. to 13. ● H. 4. c. 2. for proof hereof Histories and Records relate whence they stile the Wars in their times THE BARONS WARS and before this the Nobles were the principall Actors in resisting the Tyranny of K. Sigebert and K. Bernard and disthroning them for their misdemeanors as is clear by Mat. Westminster in his Flores Historiarum an 756. 758. To give some brief hints to clear this truth An. Dom. 1214. In the 16. year of h Mat. Paris Hist Angl. p. 233. to 282. Daniel p. 140. to 144. Speed p. 558. to 567. K. John a Parliament held at Pauls July 16. the Charter of Liberties granted to the people by K. Hen. 1. being read and confirmed THE BARONS swore in the Arch-bishops presence that if need were they would spend thier blood And afterwards at St. Edmonds Bury the BARONS swore upon the High Altar That if K. John refused to confirm and restore to them those Liberties the Rights of the Kingdom they would make War upon Him and withdraw themselves from His allegiance till he had ratified them all by His Charter under Seal Which they accordingly performed Tota Angliae Nobilitas in unum collecta all the NOBILITY OF ENGLAND COLLECTED INTO ONE appeared in this defence of their own and the peoples Rights and Liberties against the King whereupon it was afterwards enacted That there should be 25 BARONS chosen by the LORDS not Commons who should to their utmost power cause the Great Charter confirmed by K. John to be duly observed That if either the King or His Justicier should transgresse the same or offend in any one Article 4. of the said BARONS should immediately repaire to Him and require redresse of the same without delay which if not done within forty daies after that then the said 4. BARONS and the rest should distrain and seize upon the Kings Castles Lands and Goods till amends was made according to their arbitration Such confidence and power was then reposed in the BARONS alone i Hist Angl. p. 233. Mat. Paris speaking of the death of Geoffry Fitz-Peeter one of the greatest Peers of that age writes thus of him This year an 1214. Geoffry Fitz-Peeter Justiciary of all England a man of great power and authority TO THE GREATEST DETRIMENT OF THE KINGDOM ended his daies the 2 day of Octob. ERAT autem FIRMISSIMA REGNI COLVMNA for he was the most firm pillar of the Kingdom as being a Nobleman expert in the Laws furnished with treasures rents and all sort of goods and confederated to all the great men of England by blood or friendship whence the King without love did fear him above all men for he governed the raynes of the Kingdom Whereupon after his death England was become like a ship in a storm without an helm The beginning of which tempest was the death of Herbert Arch-bishop of Canterbury a magnificent and faithfull man neither could England breath again after the death of these two When K. John heard of Fitz-Peeters death turning to those who sate about him He said By Gods feet now am I first King and Lord of England He had therefore from thenceforth more free power to break His Oaths and Covenants which He had made with the said Geoffry for the peoples Liberty and Kingdoms peace Such Pillars and Staies are great and stout Peers to a Kingdom Curb to tyrannicall Kings and therefore of mee● Right ought to have a place and voice in Parliaments for the very Kingdoms safety and welfare without the peoples election In the 43 year of K. Hen. 3. his reign k Mat. Paris p. 952. 953. Speed p. 636. Daniel p. 178. The Barons of England entred into a solemn Oath of Association upon the Evangelist to be faithful and diligent to reform the Kingdom of England hitherto by the counsel of wicked persons overmuch disordered and eff ectually to expel the Rebels and disturbers of the same which Oath they made Richard Earl of Cornwall to take as wel as others In these Barons wars for the Subjects Liberties many hundred Lords and Barons spent both their blood lives and estates and among others Simon Mulford Earl of Leicester the greatest Pillar of the Barons slain in the batail of Eusham of who● l In his Continuation of Mat. Paris p. 968. Daniel p. 178. R●shing ●r thus writes Thus this magnificent Earl Simon ended his daies who not only bestowed his estate but his person and life also for relief of oppression of the poor for the asserting of Justice and the Right of the Realm In the 3 4 14 15. of K. Edw. 2. his raign the Barons were the chief Sticklers against Gaveston and the

A PLEA for the LORDS OR A short yet full and necessary Vindication of the Judiciary and Legislative Power of the House of Peeres And the Hereditary just Right of the LORDS and BARONS of this Realme to sit vote and judge in the high Court of PARLIAMENT Against the late seditious Anti-Parliamentary printed Petitions Libells and Pamphlets of Anabaptists Levellers Agitators Lilburne Overton and their dangerous Confederates who endeavour the utter subversion both of Parliaments King and Peers to set up an Arbitrary Polarchy and Anarchy of their own new-modelling By WILLIAM PRYNNE Esquire a Well-wisher to both Houses of Parliament and the Republike now exceedingly shaken and indangered in their very Foundations Prov. 22. 28. Remove-not the ancient land-mark which thy fathers have set Prov. 22. 21. My sonne feare thou the Lord and the King and meddle not with those who are given to change for their calamity shall rise suddenly and who knoweth the ruine of them both LONDON Printed for Michael Spark at the blue Bible in Green-Arbor 164● To all truly Honourable and Heroick Lords and Peeres of the Realme of England who are reall Patriots of Religion and their Countrey Right Honourable THough true Nobility alwayes founded in a Omnes pari forte nascimur solâ virtute distinguimur Minucius Feli● Octo● p. 123. Nobilitas sola est ac unica virtus Iuvenal Satyr 8. vertue and reall piety needs no other tutelar Deity or Apologie but it selfe amongst those b Omnes boni semper Nobilitati favemus q●ia utile est reipub Nobiles Homines esse dignos Majoribus suis quia valet apud nos clarorum Hominum bene derepub meritorum memoria otiam mortuorum Ci●ero Orat. pro P. Sex ingenious Spirits who are able to discerne or estimate its worth yet the iniquity of our degenerated Age and the frenzie of the intoxicated ignorant vulgar is such that it now requires the assistance of the ablest Advocates to plead its cause and vindicate the just Rights and Priviledges of the House of Peeres against the c Li●burne Overton and others licentious Quills and Tongues of lawlesse sordid Sectaries and Mechanick Levellers who having got the Sword and reines into their hands plant all their batteries and force against them crying out like those Babylonian Levellers of old d Psal 137. 7. against the House of Peeres Rase it Rase it even to the foundation thereof and lay it for ever levell with the very dust beholding all true Honor worth and Noblenesse shining forth in your Honors heroick Spirits with a malignant aspect because they despaire of ever enjoying the least spark thereof in themselves and prosecuting you with a deadly hatred because better and greater then ever they have hopes to be unlesse they can through trechery and violence make themselves the onely Grandees by debasing your highest Dignity to the lowest Peasantry and making the meanest Commoners your Compeers This dangerous seditious Designe hath ingaged me the unablest of many out of my great affection to reall Nobility and to the present tot●ering condition of our Kingdome and Parliament the very pillars and foundations whereof are now not onely shaken but almost quite subverted without any Fee at all to become your Honors Advocate and voluntarily to plead your Cause and vindicate your undoubted right of sitting voting and judging in our Parliaments of which they strenuously endeavour to plunder both you and your posterities and to publish these subitane indigested Collections to the world to still the * Psal 65. 7. madnesse of the seduced vulgar whom Ignoramus Lilburne Overton Walwin and their Confederates have laboured to mutinie against your Parliamentary Iurisdiction * Isa 4 1. 25. treading upon Princes as upon mortar and as the Potter treadeth the clay in their illiterate seditious Pamphlets which I have here refuted by Scripture Histories Antiquities and Parliament-Rolls the ignorance whereof joyned with their malice is the principall occasion of their error in this kinde And truly were all our Parliament-Rolls Pleas Iournals faithfully transcribed and published in print to the eye of the world as most of our Statutes are by authority of both Houses of Parliament a work as worthy their undertaking as beneficiall for the Publike as any I can recommend unto their care it would not only preserve them from imbezelling and the hazards of fire and war to which they are now subject but likewise eternally silence refute the Sectaries and Levellers ignorant false Allegations against your Honors Parliamentary Iurisdict●on and Iudicature resolve and cleare all or most doubts that can arise concerning the power jurisdiction and priviledges of both or either House keepe both of them within due bounds the exceeding whereof is dangerous and grievous to the People except in cases of absolute necessity for the saving of a Kingdome whiles that necessity continues and no longer chalke out the ancient regular way of proceedings in all Parliamentary affaires whatsoever whether of warre or peace civill or criminall concerning King or Subject Natives or Forraigners over-rule and reconcile most of the present differences between the King and Parliament House and House Members and Members cleare many doubts and rectifie some grosse mistakes in printed Statutes Law-Books and our ordinary Historians add much light lustre and ornament to our English Annals and the Common Law and make all Lawyers and the Members of both Houses farre more able then now they are to mannage and carry on all businesses in Parliament when they shall upon every occasion almost have former presidents ready at hand to direct them there being now very few Members in either House well read or versed in ancient Parliament Rolls Pleas or Journalls the ignorance whereof is a great Remora to their proceedings and oft times a cause of dangerous incroachments of new Iurisdiction over the Subjects persons and estates not usuall in former Parliaments and of some great mistakes and deviations from the ancient methodicall Rules and Tracts of Parliament now almost quite forgotten and laid aside by raw unexperienced Parliament-men to the publike prejudice and injury of posterity Your Lordships helping hand to the speedy furthering of such a necessary publike worke will be a great accession to your Honor the best vindication of your Parliamentary Jurisdiction Right Power and Judicature against all Opposites till the accomplishment whereof I shall humbly recommend this short Plea in your Honors defence to your Noble Patronage who can pitch upon no better or readier meanes to support your Honor and Authority and to indeare your selves in the Peoples affections then in these distracted dangerous stormy times to ingage all your interest power and activity speedily to settle and secure Gods Glory Truth Worship and the publike Safety of the Kingdome against all open Opposers and secret Underminers of them to unburthen the People of their heavy Taxes the Souldiers insolencies and free quarter to redresse all pressing grievances all oppressing arbitrary

nor yet of a Minister as the Objectors falsly pretend who take it for granted as an infallible truth and Maxime of State for then it will follow that neither n Exod 3. 4. 7. Moses o Deut. 3. 28. Nu● 27. 16. 〈◊〉 23. Deut. 31. ● 〈◊〉 9. 14. 23. c. 34. 9. Iosh●● Joshua p Ne● c. 2. c. Nehemiah q 1 Sam 9. 16. c. 10. 1. 21. Saul r Psal 78. 70 71 72. 1 Sam. 1● 2 Sam. 7 8. David ſ 1 Chron. 23. 1. c. 28. 5 6. 2 Chron. 1. 8. Solomon nor any of the t 2 Chron. 14 1. c. 17. 1. c. 28. 27. c. 29. 1. pious Kings of Juda who came to the Crown by Gods immediate designation or by descent succession were just lawful Governours or Kings which none dare aver That the v Num. 11. 16 17. 24 25 26 27. 70. Elders the Princes x 1 Chron. 18. 15 16 17. c. 26. 29 30 31 32 c. 27. c. 28. 1. 2 Chron. 19. 5. 〈◊〉 7. Nobles chief Captains Iudges and Rulers among the Jewes under Moses and their Kings and other Governours and the Jewish Sanhedrin were no lawfull Judges Magistrates Counsellers of State or Members of their generall Congregations Parliaments and assemblies since we read of none of them chosen by the people but onely designed by God himself or made and created such by Kings and Governours and by them called and summoned to their generall congregations assemblies and judicatures as the premised texts and others evidence That y Gen. 40. 40 41 c. Exod. 18. 25. Psal 105. 21. Acts 8. 10. Joseph z Esther 8. 10. Mordecai a Dan. 2. 48 49. Daniel Shadrac Mesec Abednego were no lawfull Rulers or Magistrates because made such even by Heathen Kings not by the peoples choice And that none of the Levites Priests High Priests or Prophets under the Law were lawfull because none of them that we read of made a Levite Priest High-Priest or Prophet by the peoples call but by b Exod. 40. Numb 1 3. 4 1 Chron. c. 23. c. ●5 29 26. 〈◊〉 2● 13. Heb. 5. ● descent and succession in the selfesame Tribe or by Gods own immediate call and appointment as * Mat. 3. Iohn Baptist ⁂ Isa 61. 1. c. 65. 1 Ioh. 20. 21. Heb. 5. 4 5. Christ the * Mar 10. Luke 9. 10. Mar. 28. 19 20. Iohn 20. 21. 1 Cor. 1. 17. Gal. 1. 1. Acts 8. 5. 14 15. ● Case Polit. l. 3. c. 2. Bod● de Repub. l. 2. c. 2 3. Ioan Mariana de Rege Regum Instit l. 1. c. 3 4. Apostles the 70. Disciples and others under the Gospell were made and created Ministers Apostles Evangelists and preaching Elders without the peoples call and yet our opposites dare not deny their Ministery and Apostleship to be lawfull being not of men but of Gods and Christs own call without the peoples Secondly then it will follow that all Hereditary Kingdomes which g Polititians and Divines generally hold the best of Governments all Patents and Commissions in all Empires Kingdomes and States of the world creating Princes Dukes Earls Lords and such like Titles of Honour whereby they are inabled in all Christian Kingdomes to sit in their Parliaments and Assemblies of State and for creating Privy Counsellors Judges Justices and other Magistrates are void null and illegall and so all the Lawes Orders Ordinances made Acts done and Judgements given by them d See M. Seldens Titles of Honor. are void and erroneous because they were not chosen and called to these places and publike Counsells and Judicatures by the people but by the Emperours Kings and Supreme Governours of State and what a confusion such a Paradox as this would breed in all our Kingdomes and in all States and Kingdomes in the world let wise men consider and those fools too who make this Objection 4. Fourthly if there be no lawfull Authority in any State but from the Peoples immediate election then it will necessarily follow that Sir Thomas Fair●ax is no lawfull Generall his Officers and Councell of Warre no lawfull Officers or Councell and Colonell and Lievtenant-Colonell Lilburne no lawfull Colonell or Lievtenant Colonell and ought not to use or retaine these titles as they do because none of them were called and chosen to those places by the People but made such by Commission from the Parliament 5. Fifthly This paradox of theirs touching the peoples choice and call to inable Peers to sit in Parliament or beare any office of Magistracy or Judicature is warranted by no law of God in old or new Testament both which contradict it by no Lawes or Statutes of these Kingdomes or Nations which absolutely disclaime it and enact the contrary by no prescription custome or usage which are all against it by no Originall Law of Nature which as all e Arist Polit. l. 1. Bodin de Repub. l. 1. c. 2. 3 4 5. D. F●eld of the Church l. 1. c. 1 2. Polititians and Divines assert and the Scripture manifests gives every Father a Magisteriall and Judiciall rule and power over his children progeny Family and makes him a King Prince Lord over them without either their choice or call the Father and first-borne of the family being both the King Prince and Lord over it and Priest to it from the Creation till the Law was given as is generally acknowledged by all Divines 6. Sixthly I answer that a particular explicit actuall choice and election by the people of any to be Kings Magistrates Judges Ministers Peeres or Members of Parliament is neither necessary nor convenient to make them just and lawfull except onely when the Lawes of God of Nature of Nations or the Kingdome expresly require it but onely a generall implicit or tacit consent especially when the ancient Lawes of the Land continuing still in full force and the custome of the Kingdome time out of mind requires no such ceremony of the peoples particular election or call in which case the peoples dissent is of no validity till that Law custome be repealed by general consent of the King Lords and Commons in Parliament * Seldens Titles of Honour part 2. Cook 4. Instit c. ● Cambdens ●●it Now the ancient Lawes Statutes Customs of the Kingdom enable all Lords who are Peers Barons of the Realm to sit in Parliament when ever summoned to it by the Kings Writ without any election of the people and if the Lawes and Customes of the Realme were that the King himselfe might call two Knights Citizens and Burgesses to Parliament such as himselfe should nominate in his writ out of every County City and Burrough without the Freeholders Citizens and Burgesses election of them by a common agreement and consent to such a Law and usage made by their Ancestors and submited and consented to for some ages without repeale this Law and Custome were sufficient

to make such Knights Citizens and Burgesses lawfull Members of Parliament and to represent the Commons of England without any election of the people the Laws made by our Ancestors in Parliament See Littleton Fitz-Herbert Brut. Ashly Tit. VVarranty Obligat Covenant c. obliging their posterity whiles unrepealed as well as their Warranties Obligations Statutes Feofements Morgages and alienations of their Lands as the Objectors must acknowledge therefore they must of necessity grant their present sitting voting and judging too in Parliament to be lawfull because thus warranted by the Lawes and Customes of the Realme 4. If all Power in Government and right of sitting judging and making Lawes or Ordinances in Parliament be founded upon the immediate free election of all those that are to be Governed and of necessity that all those who are to be subject and they ought to be represented by those who have power in Government the Summe of f See M. Edwards his Gangraena part 3. p. 142. to 162. Lilburnes Overtons and the Levellers reasons against the Lords Iurisdiction then it will of necessity follow that the orders Votes Ordinances and Lawes made by or consented to by the Knights Citizens and Burgesses in Parliament ought not to bind any Ministers Women Children Infants Servants Strangers Freeholders Citizens Burgesses Artificers or others who cannot well or properly be represented but by persons of their owne sex degrees trades and callings and so every sex trade calling in each County and Corporation in England should send Members of their own to Parliament to represent them but only such Freeholders and Burgesses who had voices in and gave free consent to their Elections not any who have no voyces by Law or dissented from those elected and returned yea then it will necessarly follow that those Counties Cities and Burroughs whose Members have been injuriously impeached suspended driven away or thrust out of the House of Commons by the objectors and the Armies practise and violence contrary to all former presidents are absolutely free exempted and not bound by any Votes or Ordinances made or taxes imposed by the Commons House because they have no Members to represent them residing in Parliament and that those Counties and Burroughs whose Knights and Burgesses are dead or absent are no wayes obliged by any Votes Ordinances or Grants in Parliament And then how few in the Kingdome will or ought to yeeld obedience to any the Acts Ordinances or Votes of this present Parliament or to any Mayors Sheriffes Aldermen or Heads of Houses made by their Votes and Authority usually made by election heretofore or to any Iudges Justices Governours Generalls Captains or other Military Officers made by their Commission or appointment without the generality of the peoples Votes or consent especially when above halfe or three full parts of the Members were absent or driven from both Houses by the Objectors violence and menaces These Answers premised I shall now proceed to the proofe of the Lords undeniable Right and Authority to sit Vote and give Judgement in Parliament though not actually elected and called by the people as Knights and Burgesses are 1. It is evident by the Histories Republikes of most ancient and modern Kingdomes and Republikes in the world that their Princes Nobles Peers and great Officers of State have by the Originall Fundamentall Lawes and Institutions by right of their very g 31. H. 8 c. 10 See M. Seldens Titles of Honor Cassanaeus Catalogus Gloriae Mundi Alanso Lopez in Nobiliario and others who write of Nobility Cambd. Brit. of the No●●lity and Courts of Iustice in England Nobility Peerage and great Offices without any particular election of the people a just right and title to sit consult Vote enact Lawes and give Iudgement in all their Generall Assemblies of State Parliaments Senates Diets Councells as might be mainfested by particular instances in the Kingdomes Republikes Parliaments Diets and Generall Assemblies of the Iewes Egyptians Grecians Romans Persians Ethiopians Germans French Goths Vandalls Hungarians Bohemians Polonians Russians Swedes Scythians Tartars Moores Indians Spaniards Portugalls Danes Saxons Scots Irish and many others And to deny the like priviledge to our English Peers and Nobles which all Nobles Peers in all other Kingdomes Nations Republikes anciently have done and yet doe constantly enjoy without exceptions or dispute is a grosse unjury injustice and over-sight yea a great dishonor both to our Nobility and Nation Secondly By and in the very primitive constitution of our English Parliaments it was unanimously agreed by the Kingdomes and peoples generall consents that our Parliaments should be constituted and made up not of Knights and Burgisses onely elected by * E. H 6. c. 7. 10. H. 6. c. 2. 32 H. 6 c. 15. Crumpton Jurisdict p. 1. 2. 3. Cooke 4 Instit c. 1. Freeholders and Burgesses not by the generality of the vulgar people who would now claime and usurpe this right of election but likewise of the King the Supream Member by whose h Cooke Instit c. 1. n. 1. 10. Modus Tenendi Parliamentum Crompton Jurisdiction of Courts Tit. Parliament M. Seldens Tit. of Honour par 2. c. 5. writs the Parliaments were to be sommoned and by the Lords Peers Barons ecclesiasticall and civill and great Officers of the Realme who ought of right to sit vote make Lawes and give Judgement in Parliament by vertue of their Peerage Baronries and Offices without any election of the people the Commons themselves being no Parliament judicatory or Law-givers alone without the King and Lords as Modus tenendi Parliamentorum Sir Edward Cooke in his 4. Institutes ch 1. Mr. Seldens Titles of Honor part 2. ch 5. Vowell Camden Sir Thomas Smith Cowell Minshaw Crompton with others who have written of our English Parliaments assert and all our Parliament Rolls Statutes and i 33. H. 6. 16. Br. Parliam 4. 39. E 3. 7. 35. 11. H. 7 27. Br Parl. 107. 4. H. 7. 18. 7 H. 7. 14 Crumptons Iurisd f. 9. Co. 4. Institutes n 15 35. Fit f. 20. Dyer 92. Iudge Huttons Argument of Mr. Hamdens case p 32. 33. Law-bookes resolve without whose threefold concurrent assents there is or can be no Act of Parliament made Thirdly This right of theirs is confirmed by prescription and custome from the very first beginning of Parliaments in this Kingdome till this present their being no one president to be found in History or Record of any one Parliament held in this Island since it was a Kingdome without the King personally or representatively present by a Protector Custos or Regni Commissioners as he ought to be or without Lords and Peeres anciently stiled Aldermen Heretockes Senators Wisemen Nobles Princes Earles Counts Dukes c. by our Historians who make mention of their resorting to fitting voting and judging in our Parliaments Generall Assemblies and Councels under those Titles without the peoples Election long before the Conquerors time in the anciented Parliaments and Councels we read of

Earle of Richmond adhered to the French against his Allegiance This Paradox therefore of his is against all Statutes Law-Books and Presidents whatsoever and Magna Charta it selfe There is onely one objection more of moment remaining Object 3. which is this If the House of Peers may without the Commons fine and imprison Commoners then if their fine and imprisonment be unjust and illegall they shall bee remedilesse there being no superiour Courr to appeale unto which will bee an intollerable slavery and grievance not to bee indured among free-borne people I answer Answ first that no injustice shall or ought to be presumed in the highest Court of Iustice till it bee apparantly manifested Secondly If any such censure be given the party as in Chancery upon just grounds shewed may Petition the House of Peers for a reveiw and new-hearing of the cause which they in justice neither will nor can deny and if they doe then the party grieved may petition the House ef Commons to interceed in his behal●e to the Peers for a rehearing but to discharge or free any Commoner judicially censured by the Lords I have hitherto met with no President in former Parliaments nor power in the House of Commons to doe it who cannot reverse Euro●ous judgements in any inferiour Courts by writ of Errour but the Lords alone much lesse then the judgements of the Higher House of Peers which is par●mount them Though I conceive the House of Peers being the Superiour Authority and onely Iudicatory in Parliament may relieve or release any Commoners unjustly imprisoned or censured by the Commons house or any of their Committees and ought in justice to doe it or else there will be the same mischiefe or a greater in admitting the House of Commons to bee judges of Commoners if there bee no appeale from them to the Lords in case their sentences bee illegall or unjust Thirdly This mischiefe is but rare Cook 4. instit p. 21 22. 4. ● 3. n. 14. Brook and C●nmptons jurisdiction and all Statutes for repealing former Parliaments Acts Iudgements or Attaindors and you may object the same against a sentence given or Law made in Parliament by the King and both Houses because there is no appeale from it or redresse of it but onely in the next Parliament that shall be summoned by petition And there is a greater greevance in ill publique Acts which concerne many then in ●● judgements which concerne but one or two particular persons which yet cannot be repealed but by another Parliament as the Errours and decrees of one generall Counsell cannot bee rectified or reversed but by and till another Generall Counsell meets to doe it The same mischiefe was and is in Errous Iudgements and Decrees given in the Kings Bench Chancery and illegall commitments there for which there is no reliefe out of Parliament but towait till a Parliament be called Finally Hee that suffers by and under an unjust censure will have the comfort of a good Conscience to support him till he bee relieved and therefore he e Luk. ●1 19. 1 Pet 3. 14. He. ●0 32 33 34. must possesse his soule with Patience and rejoyce under his crosse and not raile murmur and play the Bedlam as Lilburne and his Companions Overton Larner and other Sectaries doe against our f ● Pet. 2. 15. to 21 c. 4. ●6 I●●● 53. Saviours owne precept and example then God in his due season will g Psal 3● 37. 46. relieve right them in a legall way whereas their impatience raving and libellous railing Pamphlets and Petitions not savouring of a Christian meek and humble spirit will but create them new troubles expose them unto just and heavy censures and rob them both of the comfort and glory of all their former suffrings against Law and Right Having answered these Objections I shall now earnestly desire all Lilburnes and Overtons seduced Disciples whether Members or others seriously to weigh and consider the premises that so they may see how grossely they have been deluded abused and misled by these two Ignes fatui or New-lights of the Law and Circumscribers of the Lords and Parliaments Iurisdictions which God knowes they no more know nor understand then Balams Asse as the premises demonstrate and I shall seriously adjure them if they have any grace shame or remainder of ingenuity left in them ingeniously to recant and publiquely to retract all their seditiou● rayling Libels and Scurrilous Invectives against the Lords undoubted Priviledges Iurisdiction and Iudicature which I have here unanswerably made good by undeniable Testimonies Histories Records and the grounds of policy and right reason which they are unable to gaine say to undeceive the many ignorant over-credulous poore soules they have corrupted and misled to the publique destrubance of our Kingdomes Peace Isay 9. 16. and let all their followers consider well of our Saviours caution Mat. 15. 14. If the blinde lead the blinde as these blinde-guides doe you both of them shall fall into the ditch and there perish together O consider therefore what I have here written to undeceive your judgements and reforme your practise consider that Dominion Principality Regality Magistracy and Nobility are founded in the very Law of Nature and Gods owne institution who subjected not onely all beasts and living creatures to the soveraigne Lordship of man to whom hee gave Dominion over them Gen. 1. 28 29. c. 9. 2 3 5. by vertue whereof men enjoy farre greater Priviledges then beasts but likewise one man unto another as i Gen. 3. 16. Exod. 20. 12. Ephes 5. 22. to 30. c. 6. 1. to 10. Rom. 13. 1 2 3. Tit. 3. 1. Col. 3. 20 22. 1 Pet. ● 13 14 18 c. 3. 15. Heb. 13. 17. Iosh 1. 16 17 18. Matth. 8 9. children to their Parents Wives to their Husbands Servants to their Masters Subjects to their Kings Princes Magistrates Souldiers to their Captaines Mariners to their Ship-Masters Schollers to their Tutors People to their Ministers which order if denied or disturbed will bring absolute and speedy confusion in all Families Corporations States Kingdomes Armies Garrisons Schooles Churches and dissolve all humane Societies which subsist by order and subordination onely to one another and seeing Monarchy Royalty Principality Nobility yea Titles of Honour and Nobility as Kings Princes Dukes Lords c. are as ancient almost as the world it selfe universally received approved among all Nations whatsoever under heaven See M●st●r Seldens Titles of honour Dr. Hu●●●●es and others of Nob●l●ty Catane●s C●ologus gloriae mundi and honoured with speciall Priviledges as not only all k● eminent Authours and experience manitest but these ensuing Scripture Texts Gen. 12. 15. c. 14. 1. to 10. c. 17. 6. 16. c. 20. 2. c. 21 22 23. c. 25. 16. c. 26. 1. 8. 26. c. 36. 15 16 17 18 29 30 31 to ●3 c. 9. 1 2. c. 41. 40 to 47. c. 47. 2● 26. Exod. 1. 8. Numb 20. 14 c. c 21 1 1● 21 33. c. 22. 7 10 14 15 40. c. 23. 17. c. 7. 2 3 10. c. 16. 2. c. 27. 2. c. 32. 2. Dent. 17. 14 15 16. Iosh 1. 16 17 18. c. 5. 1. c. 8. 9 10 11 12. Iudg. 9. 6 18. 1 Sam. 8. 5 6. 2 sam 11. 2. 1 Kin. 4. 34. c. 10 15 28 29. c. 20. 16. c. 23. 22. Iob. 3. 14. c. 36. 7. Psal 2. 2. 10. Ps 62. 12 14 29. Ps 72. 10. Ps 102. 15. Ps 136. 17 18. Ps 138. 4. Prov. 8. 15 16. Prov. 30. 31. Eccles 10 16 17. Iudg. 3. 5. c. 16. 8 1 Sam. 5. 11. c. 29. 2 6 7. Dan. 4. 36. c. 5. 9 10 23. c. 6. 27. Mat. 8. 9 Mar. 6. 21. c. 10. 42. 1 Cor. 8. 5. Rom. 61. 1 2 3 4. 1 Tim. 2. 1 2. Tit. 3. 1 2. 1 Pet. 2. 13 14 15. Acts 9. 27. which I wish our Sectaries Lovellers and Lilburnists to consider and study with the others forecited it will be a meer desperate folly and madnesse in any man to prove Antipodes to this instituiion of God Nature Nations to run quite contrary to all meu and to levell the head neck shoulders to the feet the tallect Cedars to the lowest Shru●s the roofe of every building to the foundation stones the Su●ne Moone Starres Heavens to the very Earth and center and even men themselves to the meanest beasts I shall therefore conclude with Saint Pauls serious admonition which these refractory persons have quite forgotten Rom. 13. 1 2 3. Let every soul be subject to the higher Power for there is no po●er but of God the powers that be are ordained of God whosoever therfore resisteth much more oppugneth abolisheth the Power resisteth oppugneth abolisheth THE ORDINANCE OF GOD and t●ey that resist oppugne or endeavour to abolish these powers shall receive to themselves DAMNATION for Rulers are not a terrour to good workes but to the evill and wherefore YE MVST NEEDS BE SVBIECT NOT ONLY FOR WRATH but also FOR CONSCIENCE SAKE And for this cause pay you tribute also for they are Gods Ministers attending continually on this very thing Render therefore to all such higher Powers their dues tribute to whom ribute custome to whom custome feare to whom feare HONOVR to whom HONOVR IS DUE which Saint Peter likewise seconds almost in the selfe-same words which you may doe well to peruse and study 1 Pet. 2. 12. to 20. and then you will never dare to question or dispute any more the Power Iudicatory Priviledges of the Right Honourable House of Peers much lesse to Revile and Libell against their persons as now you doe to the infinite Scandall of your Schismaticall faction and Religion it selfe which you professe onely in shew but deny in deed and practise FINIS

of the arduous and ●rgent affaires of the Realme and Church of England as the first clause of the writ Carolus c. quia c. pro quibusdam arduis 〈◊〉 negotiis Nos Statum defensionem Regni nostri Angliae ●●●l●siae Anglicanae concernent quiddam Parliamentum nostrum teneri ●●●●●avimus ibidem cum Praelatis MAGNATIBUS PROCERIBUS dicti Regni nostri COLLOQUIUM HABERIET TRACTARE Tibi praecipimus And the Commons are summoned to performe and consent to those things which shall there happen to be ordained by this Com. Coun. of the Kingdom c. And if they are thus summoned not to treat amongst themselves as an independent and intire Parliament but to confirme and consent to what the King Prelates Great men and Peers the Common Councell of the Realm shall ordaine about such affaires as they must of necessity admit the King Lords and Peers to be altogether as essentiall yea more principall eminent Members of Parliament though not elective as the Knights Burgesses who are but summoned to consent to performe what shall happen there by common advise to ordaine or at least to consult and advise with them as their inferiors not to over-rule them as their superiors and the only Supream power in the Kingdom and if they will totally exclude either King or Lords from Parliament who are distinct essentiall Members of it as well as the Commons and have always been so reputed untill now the Commons may sit alone as Cyphers but not as a Parliament to vote or act any thing that is binding to the people since though in extraordinary cases for the saving of the Kingdome they may securely use extraordinary meanes proceedings yet regularly they are no more a Parliament without the King Lords thē the King or Lords alone are a Parliament without the Commons or the trunke of a man a perfect man without a head or shoulders If * Dyer 61. 62. Cooke 5 Report f. 90. 91. 94. 120. 121. v. 1. Rep. 111. 173 19. R. 8. 9. Br. executors 3. 15 11. 7. 12. 3. be joyntly impowred or commissioned to doe any act by Commission Deed or Warrant any one or two of them can do nothing without the 3d. If many be in Commission of the Peace Sewers or the like and three of the Quorum joyntly act there joyntly if any one of the three be absent all the rest can do nothing In Parliament it selfe If either House appoint a Committee of 3. 5. or 7. to examine act or execute any thing if but one of this number be absent or put out the rest can doe nothing that is legall or valid even by course of Parliament neither can either House sit and vote as a House unlesse there be so many Members present as by the Law and custome of Parliament will make up an House as every mans experience can informe him If these Levellers then will absolutely cut off or exclude the King or Lords from the Parliament they absolutely null and dissolve it and the Act ●or c●ntinuing this Parliament cannot make nor continue the Commons alone together as a Parliament no more then the Lords or King alone without the Commons the King or either House alone being no Parliament but both conjoyned and enlivened with the Kings personall or representative presence The cutting of the head alone or of the head and shoulders altogether destroyes and kills the body Politicke and Parliament as well as the body naturall If the King dies or resignes his Crowne or be deposed the Parliament thereby is actually dissolved as it was resolved in the Parliament of 1. H. 4. n. 1. 2. 3. and 4. F. 4. 44. And so if the Lords or Commons dissolve and leave their House without any adjournment the Parliament is thereby dissolved as the forecited presidents and the latter clause of the writ for the election of Knights and Burgesses manifests And a new kind of Parliament consisting onely of Commoners when the old one onely within the Act for continuing this Parliament made up both of King Lords and Commons is dissolved neither will or can be supported or warranted by the letter or intention of this Law Ninthly All the Petitions of the Commons in all Parliaments since the Conquest to the King or Peeres for their redresse of grivances recorded in many ancient Parliament Roules All Acts of Parliament extant usually runne in this forme * Cooke 4. Instit c. 1. The King with the assent of the Lords Spirituall and Temporall in Parliament hath ordained and be it enacted by the Kings most Excellent Majesty the Lords Spirituall and temporall in this present Parliament assembled The famous Petition of Right 3. Car. so much insisted on beginning thus Humbly shew unto our Soveraigne Lord the King the Lords spirituall and Temporall and Commons in Parliament assembled thus answered by the King Let right be done as is desired The Act of continuing this Parliament made by the King and Lords as well as by the Commons who never intended to exclude themselves out of this Parliament by that Act or that it should continue if either of them were quite dismembred from it with all Acts and Ordinances since Yea the Protestation Solemne League and Covenant taken by the Commons and Lords prescribed by them to all others throughout the three Kingdomes which couple the Lords and Commons alwaies together neither of them alone being able to make any binding Ordinance to the subjects unlesse they both concurre no more than one Member alone of either House can make a House and ranck the Lords alwaies before the Commons and the King before them both so firmely hold forth establish the Lords and Kings undoubted Right to sit and Vote in Parliament and decry this new mounted Monopoly of a sole Parliament of Commons without King or Lords that absolute Soveraigne Power these new Lights have spied out and set up for them in Vtopia that impudency it selfe would blush to vent such mad absurd irrationall Frenzies and Paradoxes as these crackbrain'd persons dare to publish and they may with as much truth reason argue that one man is three that the Leggs and trunke of a man are a perfect man without head necke armes and shoulders or that the Leggs and Body are and ought to be placed above the head neck and shoulders as that the House of Commons are or ought to be an entire Parliament the sole Legislative Power the onely Supreame Authority paramount both King Lords who must not have now so much as a Negative voyce to deny or contradict any of the Commons Votes or Ordinances though never so rash unjust dishonorable prejudiciall or dangerous to the whole Kingdome Tenthly These very Sectaries and Levellers themselves have acknowledged and asserted this Right of Power of the Lords all along this Parliament till of late c See innocency and truth justified p. 74. 75. Mr. Edwards Gangraena part