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A27264 A letter to a friend being an historical account of the affairs of Hungary, more particularly relating to Buda and how treacherously it was surpized by Solyman the Magnificent from the Christians Anno 1541 : as also an account of the late siege anno 1684. A. B. 1684 (1684) Wing B17; ESTC R5133 4,881 10

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A LETTER TO A FRIEND BEING AN Historical Account OF The Affairs of HUNGARY More particularly relating to BUDA And how Treacherously it was Surpized By Solyman the Magnificent From the CHRISTIANS Anno 1541. AS ALSO An Account of the late Siege ANNO 1684. Entred according to ORDER THat I might not seem to put a greater value on my Trouble than your Satisfaction I prevent being further importuned by sending you such a Relation of Buda that may perhaps leave you as little sollicitous after the Miscarriages therein as fully satisfied in the Event I will not detain you with unnecessary Particulars of what is past longer than to put into your hand the Clue that must guide you to the present Conjunctures I reach therefore no further than the year 1526 when the Royal Line of the Kingdom of Hungary was extinct in the person of King Lewis and this by the counsel and rashness of a Priest who was not onely made General of the Royal Army but precipitated that King to engage with Solyman the Magnificent in so unequal a Battel as 30000 to 250000 men And herein I would have you take notice of the general Dissatisfaction of the Nobility who thought it strange to take their Commands from one whom though they might allow qualified to give Rules in a Convent they thought not fit to give Order in a Royal Army or lead a Flock to the Wolf of the East And further that the Engagement with Solyman was carried on by the aforesaid Prelate without the approbation of the rest of the Nobility who would have perswaded the young King to have deferred it till the coming up of the rest of his Forces which were sufficient and in their way to his reinforcement The end of this unfortunate Prince raised two Crown'd Heads and a Civil War in Hungary between Ferdinand and John Zapulio Ferdinand could not bear with half an Empire and John could be contented to be a King though Tributary The former hath recourse to Charles the Fifth the latter to the Ottoman Port. But after they had both sufficiently wearied themselves and harassed their Subjects they could dispense with the Rivalty and content themselves with their Possessions During this Contest it comes in to speak something of Buda and to tell you that Solyman took the same from the Imperialists and re-instated King John therein as well as in his Kingdoms making himself Arbiter of the differences between the two Christian Princes In restoring King John Solyman did like a magnificent Protector but after the death of King John that he surprized it by Treachery he shewed the other side of the Medal For Solyman after the decease of King John viz in the year 1541 entred Hungary with a Formidable Army and coming before Buda sent to complement the Queen Wife of the late King John on the part of himself and his two Sons Selin and Bajazet whom the Sultan had brought with him He desired also to see his Pupil son of the late King John whom he had taken into his protection The young Prince with an honourable Equipage was sent to the Camp accompanied with the principal Nobility of the Kingdom Solyman caused a sumptuous Banquet to be prepared for the Noblemen and in the mean time sending back the young Prince to the Queen his Mother attended under pretence of honour●ng him with many Officers of the Ottoman Army who in a careless manner seemed to enter the City more out of curiosity to see than to seize ●he same found no difficulty in securing the Gates and principal places thereof Whilst this part was acting in the City the Council being called ●n the Camp 't was proposed to send the Queen ●o Poland and the young Prince to Constantinople 〈◊〉 be bred up in the Mahometan Religion to ●ake Hungary a Province of the Ottoman Empire to cut of● the Nobility to spare the common people to cultivate the Lands and leave a sufficient Body of Horse and Foot on the Confines for the guarding of the Kingdom at Solyman would not consent hereto saying that this Hungarian Horse at first ought to be treated with fair means and easie Acoutrements by degrees making the usage harder till such time as the mastery were gained The Ja●izaries being now masters of Buda the Queen was told that the Sultan intended with his own Forces to secure the City from the attempts of Ferdinand till such time as the young Prince was come to full age That she must repair to the Territories of Transylvania and that for her Assistant in the Government was appointed the Bishop of Waradine the same person that was Tutor to the late King her Husband and Treasurer of the Kingdom The Nobility that expected their Banquet would end in bloud and their Heads to compleat the last Act of this Tragedy at length by the Queens intercession got their Liberty of Solyman who having well Garrison'd the place and left strong Guards on the Frontiers returned to Constantinople Thus did this great City of Buda Metropolis of Hungary by changing its Master in an instant lose its Countenance and Lustre The Nobility were no longer to be found there but filled with Souldiers and violence Liberty and Property became Servitude and Want The Christian Religion was now by sufferance the Churches were converted to Mosques c. And if this be the fruit of Protection I am to seek for a Species of Oppression The Kingdom being thus divided between Solyman and Ferdinand could not long continue in any setled posture for the former was still encroaching and Charles the Fifth who had no genius to defend Hungary though his Brothers Country and the Bulwark of Germany c. was driving on his unfortunate attempts on Algiers and Barbary making no account of the preservation of his own whilst all the World were of opinion 't were better to have defended Hungary than to have conquered all Africa However the ill success at Algiers caused in the year 1547 October 7. a Truce between Charles Ferdinand and Solyman for Five years paying Thirty thousand Hungarian Ducats yearly Tribute for what Ferdinand possessed in Hungary The Queen whom Solyman upon the surprize of Buda had sent to Transylvania made onely the the figure of a Queen there for George the Bishop of Waradine afterwards Cardinal was her Governour And as another Priest was the ruine of Hungary so was this of Transylvania For the Queen opprest by the Monk makes application to Solyman who espoused her Interest and Ferdinand that of the Prelate And betwixt the Artifices and force of these two the Queen was made unwillingly to resign taking as an Equivalent from Ferdinand upon Silesia Twenty five thousand Crowns Revenue yearly for the young Prince John Sygismund her son and Fifty thousand for her Dowry And that the Prince should marry the Daughter of Ferdinand The Queen disgusted soon after makes her Applications to Solyman then in Persia who ordered Meemet Bassa to put the Queen in possession of