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A56385 A demonstration of the divine authority of the law of nature and of the Christian religion in two parts / by Samuel Parker ... Parker, Samuel, 1640-1688. 1681 (1681) Wing P458; ESTC R7508 294,777 516

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the Jews though it was grounded upon the Divine Authority of Moses's Law was in it self very unreasonable in that as Almighty God had confirm'd the Law of Moses by Signs and Wonders so he vouched all that our Saviour either taught or pretended to beyond that by enduing him with a much greater power of Miracles than was ever given to Moses or the Prophets And yet that they might be guilty of it is obvious enough to any man's apprehension if we consider the strange power of religious prejudices and upon what plausible grounds theirs were bottom'd the natural stubborness of the Jewish Nation but most of all the pride and waywardness of Superstition For that as I shall shew afterwards in the case of the Pharisees was the bottom of all their rage and indignation against our Saviour in that he so freely upbraided their degeneracy from the Law of Moses and convinced them of the folly and the childishness of those Superstitious conceits that they had made out of it upon the Observation whereof they so highly valued themselves This is evident through the whole History of the Gospels but in no one case more than that of the Sabbath which as it was at first commanded by God so they observ'd it with infinite Superstition And for that reason our Saviour set himself to controul them in it and therefore wrought most of his Miracles on that day and yet they were so foolish as to think that a sufficient objection against his Divine Authority And though one would think no man could be so absurd when he had seen a Blind man cured only by commanding him to open his Eyes as to slight nay find fault with the Miracle meerly because it was done on the Sabbath day yet this was the common case of the Jews so invincible above all other things is the power and prejudice of Superstition § XXXV The Second was a very dazling prejudice and that was the magnificent State and Glory in which they expected their Messias should appear For the whole World was at that time fill'd with expectations of a mighty Prince all the Ancient Prophesies concerning the Messias were Glorious and Wonderful and their descriptions of his Kingdom seem'd to exceed that of the Roman Greatness the Glory of Augustus was to be Eclips't by the Appearance of a Greater Monarch the Grandeur of his Court and vastness of his Empire were but ordinary things in comparison to those that were foretold of this Prince's Universal Government The splendour of these great Prophesies flusht and abused the ambition of the great Spirits of the Empire and every hopeful and aspiring Prince of the Family of the Caesars pushed forward for an Universal Monarchy And every prosperous Commander of the Roman Armies flattered himself with hopes that it might be he that was design'd to be indeed and not in Title onely Lord of the whole World And particularly this as I have shewn out of his own Historians was the first rise and occasion of Vespasian's Glory And this was the thick conceit of the Jews as well as the Gentiles as Celsus discourses in the Person of a Jew 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That the Person foretold by the Prophets that was to come should be a mighty King a Leader of great Armies Lord of all the Kingdoms and Nations of the Earth And after the same manner does Trypho the Jew argue against our Saviour's being the Messias from the meanness of his Condition whereas the true Messias was to be a mighty and Renowned Person and to receive from the Ancient of days a perpetual Kingdom They imagin'd their Messias to be such another fighting Man as his Father David that should break the Power of the Romans and by his Victorious Arms redeem the People of God from Heathen Tyranny and Oppression They hoped the time would come when a Circumcised King should keep his Court in Augustus's Palace and when the Sanhedrin should possess the Senate-house and there Issue out Decrees for the Circumcision of all People Nations and Languages And this confidence in the Messias seems to have been the great support of the pride and ill nature of the Jews for when he came they were resolved to take their fill of Revenge upon the Gentile World for all those Insolences wherewith they had affronted Gods own People And this as the Historians of that Age observe was the ground of their frequent Tumults and Rebellions about that time and at last of the utter destruction of their Common-wealth They were grown impatient in the Expectations of their Messias and were no longer able to endure the reproach of being subject to the pride and power of uncircumcifed miscreants And all the Nation of the Jews were so fully and impregnably possest with this Dream of a Temporal Prince that the Apostles themselves seem'd at first to have followed our Saviour for hopes of present preferment nothing less could serve the Sons of Zebedee than to sit the one at his right and the other at his left hand in his Kingdom to be the Grandees and chief Favourites of his Court his Agrippas and Mecoenas'es they were not content with being Heads of Tribes unless they might have the principal place next to the Royal Throne And perhaps St. Peter till he understood better things promised himself for a reward of his zeal no less Dominion than what his pretended Successours claim from him so that when upon his Confession of our Saviour's being the true Messias our Saviour immediately declares the speedy approach of his death Mat. 16. 21. Peter remonstrates to that as inconsistent with the whole design and when our Saviour continues from time to time to warn them of the set time when he was to be betrayed he very faithfully buys him a Sword to fight in his defence And St. John being so great a Favourite could be no less than Principal Secretary of State and Judas no doubt expected no less office than of Lord Treasurer And the Women too counted to have no small share in the Government as appears by Old Zebedee's Wife And as some were to manage affairs at Court so others were to have their Governments and Provinces abroad Herod and Pilate were to be displaced and one was to be President of Judaea and another of Galilee and if there were any one more modest than the rest it is likely he contented his ambition with being Lord Mayor of Capernaum And this conceit was so deeply rivetted in their Fancies that all our Saviour's discourses were not able to dispossess it and though he so often Preached to them the Doctrine of his Death and Passion in the plainest and most Familiar words yet they were so Drunk and Light-headed with it that they understood him no more than they did the Language of Moses and Elias at his Transfiguration For though he taught his Disciples and said unto them the Son of man is deliver'd into the hands of men and they shall kill
Friendship and Honesty 1. Conjunction of Sexes for propagation of the kind and this becomes necessary from the same Causes that are necessary to the preservation of every single Person and this not onely inclines but compels them to delight in each others Society with the highest Affections of mutual Love and Kindness So that they cannot take care of their own support without being obliged to extend their Affections beyond themselves and this inclination is of greater force and has a stronger tendency to Society in Mankind than in any sort of Creatures in that it is constant and perpetual and not confined to certain times and seasons and that makes them more capable of these tender impressions and thus are the generality of Men carried on by the instigation of Nature as well as some other motives to seek Marriages and take upon them the care of Families and the education of Children and that obliges them to Justice and Civility as well for the sake of their domestick Relatives as for their own For the preservation of Propriety is as necessary to the preservation of Families as of Persons and therefore as I would not provoke my Neighbour to invade my own Enclosures I must avoid to lay waste or plunder his and as I would secure my own Plantation it concerns me to oblige the affections and assistence of all others that lie within the compass of my Affairs i. e. of all that are able to succour me with their Friendship or annoy me with their Injuries And thus are we all enforced to neighbourly kindnesses from the same principle that endears us to our nearest and natural Relations and this concern extends it self from House to House through whole Kingdoms and Countries for every Man has the same tenderness for his own Family as for himself and therefore are they all equally concern'd to have their Rights kept safe and inviolable And thus are great Empires and Common wealths but so many Combinations of so many Families for their own mutual defence and protection and now if Men are strongly inclined by Nature to enter into Families and if a regard to their own Families oblige them to be just and honest to their Neighbours and if both these combine them together into greater Societies both for their private and their common Safety the Institution of Government is so far from being any far fetch 't contrivance that it is natural for Men to fall into this Order its necessity is so great and so apparent that no Man can refuse or dislike it without being very unwise or very unnatural 2. The strength of natural Affection between Parents and Children and this proceeds from the same mechanical Necessity with the passion of self-love Eurip. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in that they are made up of the same material Principles that necessarily beget a sympathy between their native Contextures and Dispositions so that setting aside the workings of their Minds and the emprovements of their Understandings that alone must quickly oblige natural Relations to mutual Endearments The propriety of their Constitutions and the peculiar mold of their Bodies disposes them to agreeable passions and inclinations Children are as the Ancients phrase it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pieces of their Parents and the matter of which they are formed is stampt with the same Characters and Propensions And this is very visible in the outward signatures and features of their Bodies but it is much more certain in the inward complexion and modification of their humours and it is impossible but that must breed an agreeableness of temper and affection At least from whencesoever this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 may arise it is evident from the most universal Experience that there is no passion more natural or more acceptable to Mankind insomuch that no people were ever able to resist or to overcome the vehemence of its bent and inclination neither were there ever any able so much as to attempt it unless here and there such a Monster as affected both to put an affront upon the strongest principles of his own Nature and the most avowed practices of Mankind And their singularity is so unnatural that how boldly soever these wretches may seem to pretend to it they can never be confident or serious in such an enormous baseness It is impossible for any thing that has the shape or the bowels of a Man to be cruel to his own off-spring without a sad regret and recoil of his own Nature And now when this Instinct is imprinted upon us with such deep and lasting Characters when the force of its inclinations is so strong and vehement and when it is very nigh as natural and inseparable as the love of our selves it is a mighty inducement to seek peace and exercise good will as well for their sakes as our own Beside that this endears us to something out of our selves and obliges us to some concernment beyond our own meer self-interest and is the first beginning of a Society and lays the first foundations of a publick Good that spreads it self into a wider extent with the increase of Families and Kindreds which being related to each other as well as single Persons make up Kingdoms and Common-wealths beside all this it cannot but be a mighty inducement to all persons to settle Peace or Obligations of mutual Love as well for the sake of posterity as for their own in that it is equally necessary to the happiness of all Mankind in all times and all places and therefore as they desire the happiness of their off-spring which yet it is natural for them to desire as vehemently as their own they cannot but be concern'd for the continuance of Peace and Amity among them And this obliges them not onely to keep the World in good order for their own time but to take care of the settlement and tranquility of future Ages From whence proceed the establishments of Government and the standing Laws and prescriptions of Justice this then is plainly no inconsiderable enforcement to the practice of Vertue and Honesty when it is so absolutely necessary to the gratifying of so strong and so natural an Inclination 3. Natural Pity and Compassion The Divine Providence has implanted in the Nature and Constitution of humane Bodies a principle of Love and Tenderness and the bowels of Men are soft and apt to receive impressions from the complaints and calamities of their Brethren and they cannot without doing violence to themselves and their own natural sense of Humanity be altogether senseless of the miseries and infelicities of other Men. It is possible indeed that some few may so long accustom themselves to savageness and cruelty as to have no more sense of any kind and humane passions than Wolves and Tygers but then these are Monsters and such as have apparently debauch't or affronted all the principles and inclinations of their own Natures But as for the generality of Men their hearts are so tender and their natural