his Bishopricke Gregory the 6 learned the Magicall Sciences of Syluester the 2. in the seauenth yere of the Emperour Henry the third Benedict Syluester and Gregory made themselues 3. seuerall seates in Rome to whom Iohn Graâ—ian came and perswaded them euery one to take a peece of mony and giue ouer their titles which they did For this cause the Romaines created him Pope called Clement the second which the Emperour hearing of came to Rome and condemned the three former Popes and allowed of Gratianus He was poisoned the ninth month after his creation Damasus the second obtained the Sea by force without the Emperours commaundement but the 30. day after he was poysoned Leo the 9 Bishop of Toledo was betraied to the Normaines by Hildebrand and Theophilact who hardly escaping their rage at his returne at Rome was poysoned by Brazutus the fifth yeare of his Popedome Victor the second a Germaine when hee had raigned two yeares was likewise poysoned of Brazutus Stephen the ninth the Duke of Lorains brother caused the Church of Rome which for 200. yeares had defied the suprenacy of Rome to becom subiect vnto it he in a counsell at Florence commaunded many things against Dualities Pluralities and Totquots but he was poysoned by Brazutus at Hildebrands request Benedict the tenth was made Pope contrary to the oath which the Clergy made to Hildebrand who deposing Benedict set vp Gerhard Bishop of Florence naming him Nicholas the second Benedict liued an outlaw after he had beene Pope 9. moneths Nicholas the second was by the meanes of Hildebrand poisoned of Brazutus he first ordayned that Cardinals should choose the Pope he condemned Berengarius compelled him to reuoke what he taught of the sacrament Alexander the second was made Pope by Hildebrands meanes against the Emperors mind against whom the Lombards set vp by the Emperours consent one Cadolus who came to Rome but with his great army was put to flight the Emperour sent the Archbishop of Coleine with his authority to debate the matter but Hildebrand withstoode it in the end the Pope of his owne voluntary sayde openly that hee would no longer continue in the Sea without the Emperours good will Hildebrand vpon this with a troupe of armed Souldiours tooke the Pope and beate him because he had so protested and casting him into prison alowed him but 5. shillings a day retaining all the rest of the reuenewes to himselfe Alexander in this misery dyed and the same houre Hildebrand vvas installed Pope by his Souldiers without consent oâ— the people or Clergy Gregory the 7. first called Hildebrand as his companion Brazutus and Beuno writes poysoned sixe or seauen popes before hee came to the place he excommunicated the Emperour Henry the 4. without lawfull accusation canonicall citation or iudiciall order caused his peeres to reuolt from him giuing his crowne to Rodolphus The Emperour with his wife and his sonne in the depth of vvinter wayted 3. dayes and three nights at the popes gates fasting from morning to night humbly suing for pardon vpon his knees but the pope would neyther pardon nor absolue him but vpon hard conditions all which the Emperor promised to performe by his hand and seale yet was noâ— restored This pope commanded the Saterday to be fasted and tooke away the crowne from the King of Poland but Henry the Emperour anno Domini 1083. depriued him of his place and placed in his sted Clement the third Hildebrand forsaken of all fledde to Salerne where he ended his life in great misery 1086. Victor the third defended Gregories acts against the Emperour and Clement erected by him hee was poysoned as Harmanus Carsulanus and Praemonstratensis writeth by his Deacon who at Masse-time put the poyson into the Chalice Vrban the second was made pope by Matilda and the Norman Lords in Apulia in despight of the Emperour hee excommunicated Clement the third established by the Emperour and the Emperour himselfe on the other side Clement excoÌ„municated him as an vsurper Vrban first caused all that should take order to sweare with this clause So God helpe me and the holy Euangelist Hee dyed anno 1099. the same yeare dyed also Clement the third who in his time saw the death of three popes Paschall the second an Italian would not take the place vpon him vntill the people had cryed three times Saint Peter chooseth thee woorthy man Raynard for so vvas hee called before hee did prouoke and arme Henry the fift to rebell against the Emperor his father he dyed 1118. Gelasius the 2. chosen without the Emperors consent was deposed in his sted was set vp Gregory the 8. who dyed in exile Calixtus the second of the royall bloods of England and Fraunce continued his predicessours excoÌ„munication against the Emperour with whom he tooke peace Gregory the 8. whom he had made Pope yet lyuing the Emperour yeelded vp his right to the Pope and was absolued he tooke Gregory and put him into a monastry hee dyed of a feauer 1125. Honorius the second of base birth for his learning was made Pope hee by his Cardinall condemned all the English Clergy of adultry which had wyfes and was taken him selfe in one night in the same fault Honorius dyed anno 1130. Innocentius the second sought to suppresse Roger Duke of Sicilia for saying that he was King of Italy whom the Pope in a battaile ouercame but the Duke his sonne tooke the Pope and his Cardinals in this time the Romaines created Leo his sonne Pope and called him Anacletus By the aydes of Phillip King of Fraunce Lotharius of Germany he ouerthrew Anacletus with Duke Roger for which he crowned Lotharius Emperor He gaue to Reginald his chiefest Captaine the Dukdom of Apulia which was the inheritance of Roger but after Reginalds death Roger claimed his right being withstood he tooke the pope who for his ransom made him King of both Sicills and so since that time the kingdom of Sicill is called S. Peters patrimony he dyed anno 1143. Celestine the second a Thuscane dyed the sixth moneth of his Popeship Lucius the second disanulled the office of Patricianship in Rome which the Romaines being weary of the Popes yoake had made in the time of Innocentius because the Pops tooke vpon them all sway within the Country and abroade about which he was by the Cittizens slaine in a tumult 1145. hauing not raigned a yeare Eugenius the third for his learning vvas had in great reuerence yet seeking to suppresse the Patrician he was driuen from Tiburie into Fraunce and returning to Rome dyed 1152. Anastasius the fourth of a Cardinall becam pope he died in the second yere of his popedome Hadrian the fourth an Englishman before called Nicholas Breakspeare suffered the Emperor Frederick the 1. to hold his stirop and was angry with him for mistaking it he dyed 1159. being choaked with a flye as he dranke water he made King Henry the second of England Lord of Ireland Alexander the third was
most dangerous enemies Plut. Antigonus hearing certaine Souldiours railing vpon him hard by his tent who though that he was not so neere shewed himselfe saying can you not goe further to speake ill of me Caesar when he heard that Cato had slaine himselfe at Vtica O Cato said he I enuy thee this thy death seeing thou hast enuied me the sauing of thy life Plutarch Adrian bearing great enuy to a worthy Romaine before he was Emperor the same day he vvas elected meeting his enemy in the streete sayd to him aloud Euasisti meaning that he being now a Prince might in no wise reuenge an iniury P. Diaconus Pythagoras was so pittifull that he abstained from cruelty euen towards vnreasonable creatures that he vvould buy birds of the Fowlers and let them fly againe draught of fishes to cast them againe into the Sea Loncerus Augustus made one his Seruant that would haue killed him Domitian when he was first chosen Emperour did so abhorre cruelty that he would not suffer any beasts to be killed for sacrifice The Snakes of Syria the Serpents of Tyrinthia and the Scorpions in Arcadia are gentle and sparing of theyr naturall soyle though cruell in others Plinius Scipio hauing taken Hasdruball captiue restored him againe without ransome Darius vnderstanding that his Subiects were sore taxed with Subsidies blamed his Counsaile rebuked their Law and in an oration vnto his Subiects signified that he was oath his estate should hinder theyrs which gentlenes so wone them that they offered their lands and lyfes at his feet Herodotus The Emperor Aurelian the gates of Tiaeâ—a being shut against him he sent word that vnlesse they yeelded he would not leaue one flogge aliue in the Citty vvhich they notwithstanding refused to doe but he ouercomming them was so pittifull that he spaâ—ed them commaunding to kill all the flogs Porus King of India conquered of Alexâ—nder and being commaunded to aske what â—e would fearing that pitty was farre from Alexander desired clemency which he granâ—ed Brusonius Alexander vvas so famous for clemency that Darius wished that he might ouercome Alexander to shew him curtesie or that Aâ—exander and none else might conquer him Plutarch The Romaines were renowned for the honorable funerals of Siphax king of Numidia whom they tooke prisoner Valerius Prusias King of Bythinia being banished by Nicomedes his owne Sonne came to the Romains who entreated him euery way according to his worthines estate Diodorus So did they with Ptolomey banished by his owne brother and restored him againe to his kingdome Marcellus after his Souldiours had conquered Syracusa not without great slaughter of many mounted vp an high tower of the Castell and with teares lamented the â—â—full fall of Syracuse Valerius Metellus besieging the great Citty Centobrica in the Country of Celtiberia when he saw their miserable condition and their women comming out with theyr children to craue mercy he with-drew his intended forces remoued his campe and spared the Citty to his eternall commendation In Athence there was a temple dedicated to Mercy into which none might enter except he were beneficiall pittifull and then also with licence from the Senate Macrobius Arcagatus a notable Chirurgion was highly esteemed among the Romaines as long as he had pitty vpon his Patients whose cure â—e had promised but when hee began to be â—nmerciful he was not only dispised of graue men but in derision called Vulnerarius Gelâ—ius Rome was called the hauen of succour the â—nker of trust the key of curtesie wher-vnto â—ll helplesse Princes fled Pompey hauing coÌ„quered Tigranes King of Armenia and he kneeling at his feet yeelding his crowne and scepter he tooke him in his armes put his crowne vppon his head and restored him againe to his kingdome Plutarch Iulius Caesar was as willing to reuenge the death of Pompey as L. Paulus was curteous fauourable to his foe Perseus Idem Haniball although a deadly enemy to the Romaines yet in princely clemency he wone more commendacions by the buriall of Aemilius Gracchus Marcellus then he got fame by ouercomming three thousand Romaines Valerius Polycrates the tyrant of Samos was very gentle towards those women that were the wiues of the dead Souldiours restoring them to their liberty and giuing them wherewithall to maintaine their after estate Vespasian after that Vitellius had killed his brother Sabius and long persecuted his sonne being at last subdued he spared his daughter and bestowed a great sum of money with her in mariage Agesilaus after he had ouercome the Corinthians did not so ioy in his conquest as he lamented the death of so many men Plut. Augustus when he had conquered Alexandria the Citty which Alexander built mooued with pitty in sight of the Cittizens expecting nothing but death said for the beauty of your Citty and memory of Alexander and the loue I beare vnto Pyrrhus your philosopher and pitty of all I spare your Citty and graunt you life Aelianus Certain drunkards abused in wanton spech Pisistratus vvife and being sober the next morning came to aske him forgiuenes he gently said learne to be sober another time Camillus rebelled against Alexander Seuerus the Emperour of Rome and for that being condemned to dye by the Senate was pardoned by him Eutropius Fabius forgaue Marius the treasons hee practised against him Cicero said of Iulius Caesar that he extolling dead Pompey and erecting his statues did set vp his owne Alphonsus by his clemency and gentlenes â—one Careta so did Marcellus ouercome Siracusa Diogenes Heraclitus Apermanthus Tiâ—ion of Athence were vngentle and vnciuile persons and for their strange manners termed haters of men Phocion the Athenian would in nothing fulfill the request of the people and therfore he was hated worse then a Toade The Spartans for their obedience and humility vvere more honoured then eyther Thebes renowned for her Gods or Athence for her wisedome Plut. Marius being appoynted by the people of Rome twice to tryumph deuided the glory betweene himselfe and his fellow Catullus Appian Dion after he was made King of the Syracusans would neuer change his accustomed fare and apparell which he vsed as Studient in the Vniuersity Plut. As Alexander was on his voyage to conquer the Indians Taxiles one of the Kings desired him that they might not vvarre one against another If thou said he art lesse then I receaue benefits if greater I will take them of thee Alexander admiring his curteous spech answered At the least we must fight and contend for this whether of vs twaine shal be most beneficiall to his companion Curtius Traianus was so meeke and curteous that he was fellow-like to all men during all his raigne there was but one only Senator condemned who was adiudged to death against his will Eutropius The kingdom wherin the Emperor Augustus most delighted and ioyed was of the Mauritanes and the reason was this because all other kingdoms he got by the sword and this kingdom by intreatance Suetonius Alexander did write to Publian
his bit-maker Iulius Caesar to Rufus his gardener Augustus to Pamphilo his smith Tiberius to Escaulus his miller Tullie to Myrlo his taylour and Seneca to Gipho his rent-gatherer P. Aemilius to his plough-man C. Dentatus to his carpenter such was theyr affability Of Phaleris the tyrant is written that neuer man did him seruice that he did not gratifie either write him a letter that he did not aunswere Herod by humbling himselfe before Augustus saued encreased his kingdome Pyrrhus could very well skill to humble â—imselfe towards great men and this helped â—ery much to the conquest of his kingdom Plutarch Pyrrhus after many victories vvhen his men of warre called him Eagle I am quoth 〈◊〉 an Eagle by your meanes being borne vp by â—our knighthoode and chiualry as the Eagle is â—ast vp by his feathers giuing the honour and â—itle to his Souldierâ— Valerius Xerxes dismissed certayne spyes vvhich â—ame from Athence and pardoning them shewed them notwithstanding his Army and forces Augustus when he entered Rome in a tryumph one in a certaine Comedy said O good Lord and euery man turned that word to Augustus flattering clapping their hands for ioy but he gaue a token that he liked it not and made prohibitions that men should not vse the name of Lord vnto him Caligula denied all mens requests Suetonius After that Pericles had the managing of the publique affaires he was neuer seene abroad in the streets nor at any feasts The Macedonians forsook Demetrius because he was vneasie to be dealt with very hard to be spoken vnto Dion was blamed of Plato for his ineffability and of all the Sicilians Lucullus Souldiers would not follow him because he was so vngentle to them Nicias for his ouer great sternnes was enuied although he was otherwise vertuous so likewise was Coriolanus Liuius Of Liberality Hospitality Liberality giueth with iudgement and is the meane betweene prodigality and auarice hospitality is foure fold glorious onely to be well thought of couetous entertainment for ones money curteous that receiueth our friends and religious which cherisheth those that serue God ALexander sent to Phocion Captaine of the Athenians an hundred talents of siluer for a gift and the names of foure famous Citties to choose and take which he would Curtius The people of Leueani had a law that if any stranger entered into their soile before sun setting and was not receaued into one mans house or other being desirous to be lodged they payd an appointed penalty for their inhumanity this law vvas profitable to the â—ayfairing man and allowable to Iupiter the â—uer of hospitality The Persian Kings gaue to their Embassaâ—ors to euery one a Babilonian talent which â—lxx pounds of Athenian coyne besides Bracelets Iewels a chaine and a Persian word which they called Acinax Curtius All these were valued at a thousand Persian â—eeces of siluer besides all this they gaue a Median royall robe which was called Doroâ—horica Ptolomaeus the sonne of Lagus had a singuler delight and pleasure in making his friends rich saying Better it is to enrich other â—hen a man to enrich himselfe The Apolloniatae expell according to the Lacedemonian law strangers out of theyr Country contrary to the people of Epidamnus who prohibite none Alexander preferred Abdolominus a man of no parentage base condition to a kingdome because that his benefit should rather seeme to haue been bestowed freely then deserued by nobility and that his own greatnes â—ight the more therin be seene Iustinus Plutus the God of riches which at Sparta was kept blind vvith Herod the Sophist was sayd to haue receaued his sight because being very rich he was very bountifull and knew how to vse his wealth to the vse of the pore which caused many to loue and follow him Caerius Lucius Lucullus house was common of receate for all the poore Greekes that trauailed from Athence Sparta and Thebes yea from all Greece to Rome Pomponius Atticus sent to Cicero being banished two hundred thousand Sesterties and vnto Volumnius Brutus as much Phryne a Curtezan of Greece after Alexander had subdued the Citty of Thebes and made the wals therof leuell with the ground she offered to reedifie them vpon this condition that vpon euery gate of the Citty this sentence should be set This Citty Alexander the great threw downe and Phryne the Curtezan builded vpon againe Attaâ—us King of Asia ready to dye bequeâ—thed his kingdome by testament to the Romaines to bestow where they would for that they were so liberall somtime to him when fortune fauoured him not Artaxerxes made those Souldiours that came from Lacedemonia to ayde him which came a foote to goe home a horseback they that came vpon horses he sent back in chaâ—iots he that had a Village when he came to him he gaue a Citty at his departure Alexander maried vpon his owne charges â—he most part of the Nobles of Macedonia â—nto the Ladies of Persia. Aristides hauing all the state of Athence vnder his gouernment gaue his wealth to the poore Cittizens reseruing a small sum to bury him with all Democritus Abderita being very rich as may be gathered by the feast which his Father made to Xerxes army which consisted of more then two thousand millions of men gaue all his patrimony to his Country reseruing a little portion for himselfe that hee might study Philosophy then went to Athence Herodotus Caesar at one time gaue to Paulus Consull 9. hundred thousand crownes for feare least he should oppose himselfe against his enterprises and to Curio the Tribune fifteene hundred thousand that hee should take his part Cymon of Athence gaue a yearely pension to the poore fed the hungry and cloathed the naked Lactantius The Romaines had a lawe that no man should presume to make a publique feast except before he had prouided for all thâ— poore of his quarters Patritius Epaminondas hauing notice of a rich man that had no care of the poore sent a needy fellow vnto him and commaunded him vnder great penalty to giue him presently 600 crownes the Cittizen hearing this came to him and asked him the cause thereof this man said hee is honest and poore and thou which bast greatly robbed the common wealth aâ—t rich compelling him to bee liberall in spight of his teeth Alexander by his liberality made away for his noble plat-formes wherby he became monarch of three parts of the world destributing liberally all his demaines amongst his followers He caused proclamation to be made during his warres that all they that were indebted vpon any occasion whatsoeuer should bring their conditions vnto him and he would discharge them which he performed He gaue at one time to his Maister Aristotle 800. talents as a reward for his paines and expences he had been at in describing the nature and property of lyuing creatures Plutarch He sent to Anaxarchus 50. talents but he â—efused them saying that he knew not what to doe with so great a sum
put away Olimpias the mother of Alexander vppon suspition Iustinus Betweene Cicero and Hortensius was a learned iealousie about eloquence between Cicero Salust was the like Betweene Demosthenes and Aeschines also as appeared by theyr orations made against each other The like iealous contention was betweene Xenocles and Euripides the first by his Oedipus Lycaon Bacche Athamas Satyricall the last by his Alexander his Palamede his Troians his Sisiphus Satyricall Demetrius Pheraeus the tirant who rather trusted an yron branded slauish Thracian then his wife Thebe was by her slaine for a iealousie of spousebreach Cicero Of all people the Parthians are most iealous of their wiues where-vpon they going out of dores doe neuer shew theyr faces or breasts and those that be of great calling goe in close vailes that they may not be seene There is not in the world any Nation lesse iealous then the Germaines albeit their women be very faire P. Pius In his description of certaine naturall baths of Germany wherat himselfe was present he did much meruaile at the familiarity of the Dutch-women who would in presence of theyr husbands steppe naked into the baths among them Idem The Italians are as iealous as any of theyr women Aeneas Syluius Fuluius pursued by the Romaine Souldiours fled to a vvoman seruant whom first he kept and after made free and gaue a dowry to marry her notwithstanding for iealousie of another woman whom he had married she betrayed him Appian Mithridates hauing his Sonne in suspition for coueting the kingdome sent for him and held him with chaynes of gold commaunding him to be killed Idem A Romaine Senatour named Attilus fled from his Country because he was contemned and being in great fauour with Mithridates was taken as one that vvould betray him and for that he was a Senator the King would not torture him but killed him Idem VVhen Demetrius vvas returned to his kingdome Cleopatra his wife killed him for iealousie of his other wife Rhadogine Plinie Alexander did emulate in Lysimachus skilfulnes in vvarre in Seleucus an inuincible courage ambition in Antigonus in Attalus a diuine maiesty and in Ptolomey an happy successe of all his enterprises Marcellus was an imitatour and did emulate the manners of Caesar. Cicero Aristotle emulated Plato Cicero Demosthenes Virgil Homer Of all beasts the wild Asse by the Greekes called Onager is the most iealous for in an whole Herd of females there is but one male and he is so iealous that he will not suffer any other to come among them when the female chaunceth to haue a male Colt the fire with his teeth will bite off his genitories as fearing he should couer his damme Plinius Solinus Of Beauty Beauty is onely humaine consisting in goodly lineaments and colours well disposed more perâ—est in women then men and yet without fauour â—â—perfect in both therefore the graces are called the hand-mayds of beauty CLeopatra writ a booke of the preseruation of womens beauty Seneca reporteth that the looking-glasse was first inueÌ„ted to this end that man might vse it as a meane to know himselfe better by Appuleius earnestly perswaded his Auditors to looke often into a glasse to behold them selues therein to this intent that hee which thought himselfe beautifull and faire might be faire in conditions and who so was foule and deformed to amend that defect by faire and vertuous behauiour Zeuxis made choise of the fiue daughters of Croton of all these to make one figure most excellent in beauty Alcibiades the Scholler of Socrates was the fayrest and welfauoredst Boy in all Athence whose soule he loued which was Alcibiades better selfe Stesichorus a Poet lost his sight for writing against beautious Helena and recanting had it restored to him againe Socrates and Aristotle not vvithstanding their deepe philosophy and knowledge the one becam a slaue to faire Hermia the other was bewitched with Aspasiaes beauty Hercules layd down his club at Iolaes feet and became a prisoner to her conquering beauty Ouid. Demosthenes that famous Orator hearing the prodigall report of Lais beauty came from Athence to Corinth to coÌ„pound with her for a nights lodging Laertius Poppeia Neroes wife had continually the milke of 5. hundred Asses to bathe her in thereby to preserue her beauty VVhen Helena was to be stoned to death the executioners beholding her beauty had no power to hurt her Stecichorus Rhodope an harlot was the fayrest among all the Aegiptians vvhose slipper an Eagle snatched vp and caried the same as farre as Memphis and there let it fall in the lappe of Psamneticus as he sate in iudgement vpon which he was presently enamoured of her person and sent for her whom he also maried Herodotus Alcibiadon was an hearb so called of Alcibiades which he vsed to preserue his beauty Virgill describing the state constitution of the body of Eurialus saith that he was excellent in beauty in the greenenes of his youth The Princes of Troy made great question whether they should deliuer Helen or no to her husband in which dispute such was the incertainty of their affections that they condemned her being absent but wheÌ„ she came in presence the coÌ„manding power of beauty controled their power in doing iustice The good Consull Marcus Marcellus seeing the noble Citty of Sarragoce burning commanded to quench the fire esteeming it great losse to burn things so faire goodly Titus hauing subdued the Country of Iudea and taken the great Citty Ierusalem when he beheld with iudgment the rich and â—aire temple of Salomon the presence and maiesty of the thing carried him into that compassion that commaunded no spoyle should be offered to it till he were gone out of Asia and returned to Rome Iosephus Venus gaue Phaon a boxe of such a precious oyntment that being anoynted therewith he became most beautifull Ouid. Among the Grecians Alcibiades was reported to haue borne the price for the most amiablest of countenance and comlines of personage Among the Romaines Scipio and Demetrius Poliorcetes were counted peerelesse Homer in describing such as were faire of fauour and comly in proportion compareth them to tall trees Achanthus was so faire that for enuy he was metaphorphozed into a flower of his owne name Hylas for his beauty was drawne into the water by the Nymphs Ouid. Diadumenus Augustus taster was so beautifull that in a generall contention at Elis who was the fayrest hee bare the bell from them all Niphus Of all the Grecians that came to the siege of Troy Nereus was the most beautifull The Madianites perceauing the children of Israell to be impregnable and inuincible so long as they sinned not tooke of the beautifullest young women they had and sent to their campe to entice them to sinne which was the cause of their ouerthrow Spurina a young Romaine of wonderfull beauty because hee perceaued many to be enamoured of him he did in most pittifull sort mangle and cut his nosethrils so that hee seemed not onely deformed
enemies so many victories because in his Campe he suffered no vvemen Liuia Fuluia tolde her husband that vnlesse shee might lye out of his house one night he should neuer haue any quietnesse with her Aurelius Rotorra compounded with a Pirate on the sea that no woman for 2. yeres should serue his hundred souldiers but she alone Idem Semyramis vvhen shee had through her importancie obtayned of her husband Ninus the gouernment of the kingdome for fiue dayes that his nobles should for that time obey her shee caused her husband to bee presently apprehended and cast in pryson vvho impatient of this disgrace dashed out his owne braines Amongst the Amazons were two principal Queenes chosen from them all that both at home and abroad their affaires might be wel marshalled Lampedo gouerned at home Marpesia fought their battailes Clytemnestra the wife of Agamemnon to reuenge an iniury receaued froÌ„ her husband coÌ„mitted adultry with Aegisthus and afterward consented to his death Eurip. Fuluia the widdow of M. Marcellus seeing her husband buried in the field of Mars for griefe scratched her face tore her haire and fell downe into a sownd whom the Senators tooke vp but Cn. Flauius sayd Let her goe for she will doe all the penance of widdowes but presently whilst the bones of her husband were a burning she agreed to be married to another and more to one of the Senatours which had lifted her vp Septimius wife corrupted in loue by one of Anthonies friends was desirous of his harlot to become his wife causing him to speake to Anthony for her and foorth-with was Septâ—mius condemned whom she betrayed to the Souldiours in one day he was killed and she married Appian Salassus fearing the displeasure of Anthony got him to the top of his house from whence when hee saw his wife bringing the Souldiours to murder him threw himselfe headlong into the streets Appian The auntient Brittains did not only make women their Rulers in peace but their Leaders in warre Tacitus The Germaines preferred them before men themselues and were of opinion that some sacred and prouident thing remayned in them for which cause they did neyther reiect their counsailes nor set light by theyr aunswers and many of them were reputed amongst them for Prophetesses and as theyr superstition encreased they helde them as Goddesses Idem Zenobia writ a Chronicle of all the warres fought in Alexandria and made a collection of all the notable warres fought in the East parts So long as Mesa the Grandmother of Seuerus liued with him his estate was sure but folowing too much the fancies of his mother Mammea he ouerthrew him selfe Semyramis ruled worthily fought more valiantly then euer Xerxes durst with all his huge hoasts The mother of Seuerus did beare such sway with him that he banished his Empresse froÌ„ the Court and his bed vnto the vttermost Coasts of Africa The vviddow Empresse of Valens vvhen the Gothes had strongly besieged Constantinople where she was fought with so great courage against them that she enforced theÌ„ to raise their siege Cassiodorus Penelope was renowned for her chastity Alcesta the wife of Admetus chose to die to prolong her husbands life Euripides The Essenians were open enemies to women Minerua was borne without a mother as some write so faigned for that women haue no wisedome In the Spartane common-weale they had certaine officers named Gynecomones vvho had in charge to punish the insolency of women and to suppresse their arrogancy and pride The Romaine Censors had the lyke authority Of Marriage This contract of mariage called the contract of God as by him first instituted in paradize is called the bond of mutuall loue and reciprocall affection betweene man and wife ouer whom he ought to rule not as the Lord ouer his Seruant but as our Lord Sauior doth ouer the Church whose indissoluble knot who so seeke to dissunder combate with the Maiestie of God damning themselues through a secret alliance which they make with sathan CHrist honoured a mariage with his presence and a miracle Pompey comming among the Massagetes who vsed once a weeke to accompany their wiues demaunded the cause thereof vvho aunswered Because wee would not heare chydings in the day time nor their complaints in the night Venda Queene of Russia drowned her selfe therby to preuent them that made war for her to haue her in marriage seeing they could not win her by gentlenes Olaus M. Aurelius gaue this counsaile that a wise husband one that mindeth to liue peaceably with his wife ought aboue all things to obserue this rule to admonish her often to reprehend her sildome but neuer to lay hands vppon her The Romaines passed all other Nations in pompe ceremonies and comlines of marriage Cato a sworne enemy to vvomen neuer strooke his wife Xantippe Socrates wife reuiling and chyding him in the end being caried headlong into wrath ouer-threw table and all whervpon Euthydemus whom he had inuited to supper rose vp to depart but Socrates not shewing him selfe angry with his wife stayde him saying VVhat doe you not remeÌ„ber when we were at dinner with you a Hen leapt vpon the table and we sayd nothing nor were angry Cato depriued a Senator of Rome from his place because he kissed his wife in presence of his daughter Plut. Ruth desiring to bee couered with Booz cloak requested that he would acknowledge her for his lawfull wife P. Martyr Amongst the Greeks the childreÌ„ that maried without their Parents coÌ„sent were publiquely whipt and the Lacedemonians did not whip but disinherite them Laertius The Thebanes not onely ordayned they shold be disinherited but also cursed of their Parents openly Let no man esteeme it light to be cursed of their Parents for in olde time the Hebrewes children made more account of theyr Fathers blessing then of their Grandfathers inheritance The wife of Thucidides the Historiographer when she was asked how shee could indure her husbands stinking breath aunswered As no other but my husband hath come neere me so I thought all other mens breath had been of the same sauour Plut. Dionysius married two wiues in one day with whom hee slept and tooke his pleasure by turnes the one followed him in his warlike affayres the other entertained him in peace Plut. Paulina a woman in Rome had been maried to 22. husbands who afterwards marying one that had 20. wiues dyed in his life time wher-vpon the Romains crowned him with Lawrell in token of victory and caused him to carry a braunch of Palme in his hand at his wiues funerall Hierome The Hebrewes had such a reuerence to maried folks that he which had married a wyfe the same yeare should not be forced to goe on warfare Orosius The Romains did lay a penalty vpon their back that liued a single life nor would they suffer them to beare any office in the common-weale Plut. Augustus being a sore punisher of euill behauiour examined a Souldiour because he did not mary his wife
deserued to haue been cast in himselfe In Almaine a lye hath beene alwayes extreamly hated shunned as it were a plague and bastards could neuer obtaine the price of any occupation whatsoeuer nor take degree in any Art or Science Zonarus The Emperours Nero Commodus Maximilius Iulius Valencius haue by lyes been brought to ruine Pope Alexander the sixt neuer did what he sayd and his Sonne Borgia neuer sayde vvhat hee meant to doe pleasing themselues in counterfaiting and dissembling to deceaue and falsifie theyr fayth Guychardine VVhen the Duke of Valentinois had caused certaine Princes to be murthered contrary to his oath his Father the Pope told him that hee had played a right Spaniards part but they dyed most miserably the one poysoned the other slaine The Lacedemonians banished Câ—hesiphon because he boasted that he could discourse a whole day long of any theame that was put vnto him Artaxerxes caused one of his Souldiours tongs to be nailed to a post for making a lie The Gabionites for lying lost theyr libertie The Cretans for lying became odious to all the world Achilles did more abhor lying then death Homer Paulus Iouius beeing demaunded in his Chronicle why hee fained many things as false and dissembled the true which thereby might breed his History to be suspected aunswered that hee did it to please those from whom he receaued pensions Vlisses speach alwayes proceeded from his hart Homer Pope Innocent the third made faire weather with Otho the fourth and Fredericke the second contending for the Empyre and neuerthelesse made a very solemne and eloquent oration of the agreement and vnity which ought to be amongst Christian Princes but a Cittizen of Rome aunswered him Holy Father your wordes seeme to bee of God but your deedes thereto contrary surely proceede from the deuill Guychardine Pyrrhus was enemie to the Romaines yet neuerthelesse did he giue this praise vnto Fabritius that a man might as soone turne him from the truth and honesty as the sunne out of his course Plut. In Lacedemon there vvas one that vvas knowne to bee a notorious lyer who notwithstanding he gaue profitable aduise and necessary for the time yet it was cleane reiected of the people Plut. Antiochus in hunting lost his way was constrained to retire to a poore mans house of the Country who not knowing him told him al the faults he his fauorites had committed to whoÌ„ at his returne he sayd that he neuer vnderstoode the truth till that night and euer after carried him selfe most vertuously Marcus Aurelius was called Verissimus for in him was neuer found lyes nor truth euer fayled Pharamond King of Fraunce was called VVarmond which signifieth truth The Lacedemonians condemned one that did open penance wearing hairecloath vpon his skin for that thereby they discouered his hipocrisie in as much as it was wouen with purpure Dionysius the Tyrant being retired to Athence after hee was depriued of his kingdome bewailed the estate of Princes but especially in that men neuer spoke freely vnto them and the truth was euer hidden and concealed from them Plato Demosthenes called Phocion the hatchet of his words because he spake truth to the matter The dissimulation of Metellus and Scipio was so great that Metellus fained that Rome was happy that Scipio was borne therin and yet was his mortall enemy all the dayes of his lyfe Fredericke a Romaine emperour at what time the Senators were entring the Senate would say to them before you enter Cast away two things simulations and dissimulations Alexander would consent to nothing but truth and Phillip his Father to all kinde of falshood By craft Haniball vanquished the Tarentines by craft the Romaines recouered it againe Clodius to bring his purpose to passe with Pompeia Caesars wife dissembled himselfe to be a woman Cicero Salmoneus by lightening of a Torch did counterfet the thundering sownds lightning stormes of heauen Virgil. Phryne the harlot to knowe which was Praxiteles the Paynters best picture bad his man bring him word that his shop was on fire I am vndone sayd he if my pictures of the Satyre and Cupid be burned Pausanias Darius became King of Persia by neighing of a Mare hauing the day before brought to that place a Stallion for it was agreed among the Persians that whose Mare first neighed he should be King Herodotus Pelagia of Antioche dissembled her selfe to be a man because she would liue chast Semyramis knowing her Sonne to be too young to rule disguised her selfe lyke to a man and gouerned the monarchy vntill her Sonne came to riper age Iustin. Vlisses fained himselfe mad to auoyde the great expedition Homer Marina and Euphrosina Grecian Virgins were woorthily preferred before Cleomilus and Clisthenes for that they vvent in the apparraile of men to lyue in the vvildernes to auoide lust the others went in the habites of women to beguile women Achilles was by his mother Thetis sent to King Licomedes like a woman because hee might not goe to Troy where thus disguised he gâ—t vpon one of them Pyrrhus Neoptolemus Sinon by dissembling gotte Troy for the Grecians Conon the Athenian deceaued the Persians in Cyprus and Antigonus the Cittizens of Corinth Pyrrhus deceaued Cannius in his bargaine of fish Cic. of fic lib. An old Lacedemonian who had coloured his haires discouered his head in a great assembly made a declaration of such matters about which he came Archidamus the King rose vp sayd VVhat truth can this fellow speake whose heart is stayned with spots of hypocrisie and double dealing Aelianus Eurydamas a wrastler when his teeth were dashed out by his aduersary hee dissembled his paine and swollowed downe his teeth blood all to the end that hee which gaue the blow might not perceaue the mischiefe Cleomenes had a companion whom hee made pertaker of a purpose he had to accoÌ„plish to whom he swore that he would attempt nothing but Archonides should be at one end thereat when hee had gotten what hee desired he murthered his companion cut his head from his shoulders layd it in a bason of honey so when he put any deuice in aduenture he looked vpon his head in the bason saying I breake not my promise but I stand to my oath for I take counsaile with Archonides head according to my couenant Aelianus Meton the Astronomer counterfaited himselfe mad and set his owne house on fire because he would not goe with the Grecians their voyage into Sicilia Cato was so renowned for his truth that when any man rehearsed a strange thing and hard to be beleeued this prouerbe went of him because he was knowne throughout the whole course of his life to be a louer of truth This is not credible although Cato himselfe shold speake it Aristomenes when he was dead and vnbowelled his hart was hairy which was a sure signe of his craft subtilty Brutus dissembled himselfe a foole to the end that men shold haue no mistrust of him nor bee
of the Messenians hearing dogs howle like vvolues vnderstanding by his South-sayers that it was an euill signe slew himselfe The picture of Fortune at Tusculane appeared vnto Galba lamenting that hee had offered and consecrated the money which she had giuen him a little before to Venus therfore with bitter words shee threatned to take it from him againe for shortly after he was murdered by the Souldiours of Otho There appeared to Hercules two maydens diuersly apparailed of diuers nature the one plaine and simple the other gorgiously decked Vertue and Pleasure Cicero Triton appeared vnto Caesar standing in a maze at the Riuer Rubrico in Italy who taking a trumpet from one of his Souldiours leapt into the Riuer whom Caesar and all his army followed Suetonius Tacitus when it was told him that his Fathers graue opened of it selfe knew well that he should shortly die and made himselfe ready for it Vopiscus There appeared to one Pertinax three days before hee was slaine by a thrust a certaine shadow in one of his fish-ponds with a naked sword threatning to kil him Capitolinus An Horse-man appeared to Machabeus shaking his speare to signifie the famous victory he should obtaine Alexander dreamed that Hercules reached his hand to him out of a wall promising him to helpe him in his warres Caesar dreamed that hee lay with his mother which the South-sayers interpreting the earth to be his mother sayde That hee should be conquerour of the world Mydas being an Infant in his cradle Ants were seene to carry graines and victualls to feede him vvhich the South-sayers signified that hee should be the wealthiest man in the world Socrates dreamed that hee held fast in his hand a young Swan which fled from him away and mounted the skyes whose sweete voyce as a wonderfull harmony replenished the heauens this was Plato his Scholler Brutus fighting against Augustus Antonius saw two Eagles fighting together the one comming from Caesars tent the other from his own wheÌ„ his Eagle was vanquished he knew he should be ouercome Plut. Cicero vnderstoode that his death was at hand when a Rauen helde him fast by the hemme of the gowne making a noyse vntill the Souldiers of M. Antonius Herennius Popilius had beheaded him Plut. Iulian dreamed according to the opinion of Pythagoras Plato that by the transmigration of soules froÌ„ one body into another the soule of Alexander was crept into his body or that he was Alexander himselfe in an other body Eusebius The Princes of Greece were certified by a Dragon that climed a tree where he killed a she Sparrow eight young ones that they should hold wars with the Troians 9. yeares and in the 10. should ouercome it Homer Alexander by a vision was warned to take heede of Antipater who poysoned him VVheÌ„ Caesar was murdered an Oxe yoked for the plough spake That not onelie Coâ—â— shoulde want but men also should perrisâ— and therefore was vrged in vayne to labour Liuius VVhen Nero began his Empire trees pastures and meddowes changed places one with another Tacitus Before the destruction of Ierusalem by Veâ—spasian a starre appeared in maner of a sword in the skie Chariots were seene running vp and down in the firmament and men in harnes fighting in the clouds Iosephus A South-sayer forwarned Anthony of Augustus familiarity saying VVhat doe you so neere this young man seperate your selfe from him your fame is greater then his you commaund more then he you haue greater experience but your familier spirit feareth his and your fortune which of it selfe is great flattereth his and if you sequester not your selfe from him she will leaue you and goe to him South-saying was first practised in Hetruria where a husbandman ploughing in the field Tarqumen a certaine man sprung vp from the ground named Tages in face much like a young child but in wisedome far surmounting any Phylosopher he taught all the Land of Hetruria Cic. de diuin Thermute the daughter of Pharao who brought vp Moses one day gaue him into her Fathers armes to play with all for the loue hee beare to her hee put his Diadem vpon Moses which he presently tooke off casting â—t vpon the ground the Astrologers that cast his natiuity sayde O King this is the childe whom God hath giuen vs to kill for vndoubtedly â—e will be the ouerthrow of our kingdome Iosephus Anaxagoras sayd that a great stone should fall from the sunne the second yeare after the 67. Olympiade in Egos a Riuer in Thracia which came so to passe Plinius Romulus after the sight of twelue Rauens as Liuie sayth or rather because the lightning had pierced his body from the left to the right side as Dionysius writeth was by diuination chosen King which was the respect that by law it was prouided that no man should take vpon him to be made King without diuination Homer maketh two gates of dreames one of horne which pertaineth to true dreames and the other of Iuory to false the greatest part passe through the gates of Iuory not through that of horne M. Cicero dreamed that he saw one in his dreame whom waking hee had neuer seene and as soone as he met him he knew him Anaxarchus in sharpe and colde weather foreknowing that Alexander would pitch hiâ— pauilion and incampe in a place where waâ— no wood layde vp all his vtensills and implements in store for a deere yeare he caused drudges and slaues to carry vvood by the loade for his owne prouision when Alexander came to that place they found such want of wood that they were compelled to burne their tables in this lacke one told the King that Anaxarchus had sufficient to whoÌ„ Alexander came and refreshed himselfe with him rewarding him aboundantly Thales Milesius a Phylosopher being vpbrayded that his wisedome could not make him rich foresaw by study that there would be great scarcity of oyle which in the time of plenty he bought vp wheÌ„ the want came by his store he became exceeding rich Laertius VVhen C. Marius was a child seauen yong Eagles fell into his lap which the Augurs did shew that hee should seauen times haue the greatest honour in Rome and he was seauen times Consull Appian Sylla after hee had resigned his Dictatorship beeing reuiled of one and patiently enâ—uring it sayde either by naturall reason or a â—iuination of thinges to come This young â—an will bee the let that another man hauing â—uch authority will not so soone giue it ouer â—vhich thing happened in Caesar. Appian An auncient Soothsayer of Tuscane when â—greement vvas made betweene the Triumâ—irats prophecied that the old kings should â—eturne and euery man be in bondage but himselfe alone and presently hee shutte his mouth and stopped his owne breath till hee dyed Appian Seleucus going to Babilon stumbled on a stone and the stone beeing remoued an Anker was seene and vvheras the Soothsayers that vvere with him said it was a signe of delay Ptolomeus Lagus that went vvith
him said an Anker was a token of safety and not of delay vvhereupon Seleucus euer after vsed an Anker in his signet Alexander returned from India to Babilon sayling in the â—ends a suddaine vvind did blow of his diadem into a place of reeds in which stoode the sepulchre of an ancient King which was held to be a token of his death Of Maiestie The fountaine of all excellent manners 〈◊〉 Maiestie being the whole proportion and figuâ—â— of noble estate and properly a beauty or comlinesse in the countenaunce language gestureâ— which doth cast vpon the beholders bearers a fearefull reuerence THere was in the Emperour Augustus â— natiue maiestie for from his eyes issued raies or beames which pierced the eyes oâ— the beholders Sueto The Frenchman that came to kill Marius when he saw his countenance ran from him crying that he had no power to kil him App VVhen Vlisses ship and men had suffereâ—â— shipwrack and he hardly escaped being caâ—â— all naked vppon the coast of the Pheacaes the Kings daughter sent him a mantle vvho comming to the King presented such a wonâ—derful maiestie in his lookes and speech thaâ— Alcinous vvished Vlisses woulde take his daughter Nausicaa to wife Homer The people wondering at his maiesty honoured him with sundry presents at theyâ— owne charges conueied him to Ithaca Scipio beeing in his manour place called Linternum diuers notorious theeues Pyâ—ats came onely to see his person of vvhose â—ame they had heard so large reports but he not knowing this theyr intent armed hymselfe to make defence vvhich the Captaine perceiuing dispatched his followers layâ—ng downe his vveapons said That they came not as enemies but wondering at his vertue and valour vvhervpon Scipio entertained theÌ„ Calphurnius Crassus conspiring vvith others the death of Nerua he knowing thereof placed them next to him at a publique show and not fearing danger being strengthened with a great mind gaue them swords ready drawne and asked them whether they vvere sharpe enough who taking the swords in their hands had no power to hurt him At the beginning wheÌ„ the multitude of people were oppressed by them that abounded in possessions riches they espying some one which excelled in vertue and fortitude repaired to him who ministing equity when hee had defended the poore froÌ„ iniurie retained together the greater persons with the inferiour in an equall and indifferent order wherfore they called that man a king which is to say a Ruler Belus the sonne of Nemrod vvas the firâ—â— King in the vvorld The auncient Egiptians called theyr kingâ— Epiphanes and had this custome that they should enter the Temple barefooted and because one of them came to the Church otherwise he vvas deposed and that name oâ— dignitie ceased They likewise called theyr Kinges Pharaones the Bithinians Ptolomaei the Latines Murani the Parthians Arsacides the Albanes Syluij the Sicilians Tyrants the Argiues Kings Nabuchad-nezzar intiteled himselfe King of Kings Alexander king of the world Demetrius conquerer of Citties Mithridates restorer of the vvorld Attyla the vvhyp of Nations Tamberlaine the scourge of God Dyonisius the hoast of men Cyrus the last of the Gods Henry the eyght king of England defender of the fayth Charles King of Fraunce the most christian king Alphonso King of Spayne the Catholicke king Thys Alphonso dyd first begin to make Bishops houses ioyning to the Cathedral Churches to the end that neyther colde in VVinter nor heate in Sommer might hinder their residencie In the Country of the Sydonians there vvas Dynastia which vvas called a linage of Kings that endured two hundred twentie fiue yeeres because all those Kings were of a good and vertuous conuersation The authority of Kings hath euer been accounted a thing diuine for Homer and Isocrates write that hee who gouerneth alone representeth a diuine maiestie In Egypt of Phylosophers they did chuse theyr Priests and of Priests their Kings with whom it was a law inuiolable that the King which had beene vvicked in his life shoulde not be buried after his death In the Ile Tabrobana kinges are chosen by election and not by blood Solinus Syllas dictatorship vvas called a negatiue ordained kingdom Appian The olde Romaine Kinges did vveare no crownes but held scepters in their hands of the vvhich Tarquinius was the last for that his sonne rauished Lucrecia the vvife of Collatinus Iustinus Plato following the fiction of Homer dyd write that kings children vvere composed of a precious masse to be seperated from the common sort Homer named kings Diogenes that is the generation of Iupiter and Diotrophes nourished by Iupiter and Aristes which Plato interpreteth to be the familiars of Iupiter and his disciples in politicke sciences The Kings of Persia in their priuie Chambers dispatched their greater matters themselues and left those of lesse consequence to their Princes It vvas a custome amongst the auncienâ— kings to put questions one to another to try the abilitie of theyr wits and certaine praiseâ— rewards were appointed to them that excelled Plutarch Salomon sent riddles problemes to king Hiram vvhom it cost very much because he could not assoile them vntill at length hee founde a young man of Tyrus called Abaâ—mon vvho deciphered vnto him the mosâ— part of them Dion The Kings of Persia shewed themselues more subiect to lawes then thir lords Zonaâ— The Kings of Lacedemonia did monthly sweare to guide themselues according to the Lavves and the Ephori tooke an oath in the behalfe of the people to see it executed Antiochus told his sonne Demetrius that their kingdome vvas a noble slauery There vvas foure Kings Princes which â—ad but one eye a peece Philip Alexanders â—ather Antigonus king of Macedonia Haâ—iball of Carthage and Sertorius a Romain The first lost his eye at Methon the second â—t Perinthia the third vpon the Alpes the â—ourth in Pontus Plutarch Alphonsus vvas the first king of Lusitania the sonne of Henry Loraine and Tiretia the â—ase daughter of Alphonsus king of Castile â—n one battaile he ouercame 5. princes of the Sarazines and therefore in his shielde bare 5. seuerall coates of honour Cor. Agrippa Pharamond sirnamed VVarmond vvas the first King of Fraunce vvho came out of Germanie hee bare in his shielde three blacke Toades Of Monarchies A Monarchie most significatly representeth the diuine regiment wherin absolute soueraigntie consisteth in one onely Prince who commaundeth all and is not to be commaunded of any THE latter Romaines had a Duarchie vvhich is comprehended vnder the gouernment Oligarchie their Empire was deuided into two partes the one Emperour of the East the other of the VVest Eutrop. Aristocratie is the rule or power of the best and most vertuous men approued for good lyfe and vvisedome directing their thoughts to no other end then a generall profit Oligarchie is wheÌ„ a fevv noble or rich men gouerne the Common-wealth reiecting the poore and baser sort Timocratie is the power of meane or indifferent vvealth gouerning by some
lawes taken from Oligarchie and Democratie vvhich are two extreames Democratie is where free men beeing the greater number are Lords of the estate There was also a mixt or compounded estate of all these Vnder the Monarchiall gouernment liued the Scithians Ethiopians Iulians Assirians Medes Egiptians Bactrians Armenians Macedonians Iewes Romaines at thys day Englishmen Frenchmen Spanyards Polonians Danes Muschouits Turks Tartars Abissines Moores Agiamesques Zagathians Cathaians Vnder Aristocratie were the Lacedemonians which estate was an excellent patterne of gouernment this established Lycurgus fiue hundred yeeres Vnder Oligarchie were the ancient gouernments in Sicilia amongst which that of the Leontines was translated into the tiranny of Pannecus that of Geta into the tiranny of Leander that of RheginuÌ„ into the tiranny of Anaxilas so of others Aristotle Vnder Aristocratie is the gouernment of Venice Vnder Democratie Athence Plato Ptolomey King of Egipt as he feasted one day seauen Embassadors of the best most flourishing Common-wealths in his time he desired them that they woulde instruct him in the best poynts necessary for the preseruation of an estate VVho thus began The Romaine Embassador VVe haue the Temples in great respect and reuerence we are very obedient to our Gouernours and we punish wicked men and euill liuers seuerely The Carthagenian In the Common-wealth of Carthage the nobles neuer cease fighting nor the coÌ„mon people artificers labouring nor the Philosophers teaching The Sicilian In our Common-wealth iustice is exactly kept merchandize exercised with truth and all men account themselues equall The Rhodian At Rhodes olde men are honest young men shamefast and women solitary and of fewe wordes The Athenian Our rich men are not suffered to be deuided into factions nor poore men to be idle nor the Gouernours to be ignorant The Lacedemonian In Sparta enuie raigneth not for all are equall nor couetousnes for all goods are common nor sloth for all labour The Sicyonian Voyages are not permitted that they shoulde bring home new fashions at their returne Phisitions are not suffered least they shoulde kill the sound nor Orators to take vppon them the defence of causes and sutes Buda The Lacedemonians are highly praised for hauing continued seauen hundred yeeres without any alteration of their gouernment Grimaldus The Venetians haue coÌ„stantly liued in one forme of gouernmeÌ„t by the space of a thousand yeeres and more Idem The first Monarch was Ninus King of the Assyrians who vvas depriued of his kingdome by his vvife Semiramis when she had obtained of him the gouernmeÌ„t for 7. daies who impatient at her dealing dashed out his his owne braines after hee had gotten the Monarchie his poesie was Rapitur Semyramis the mother of young Ninus seeing him vnfit to rule gouerned the Empire 42. yeres but burning in vnnatural lust toward her sonne she was therfore slaine by him Sardanapalus the last Assyrian Monarch was deposed by Arbactus who translated the monarchy to the Medes The second Monarch was Cyrus vvhom Thomiris Qu. of Scythia ouercame hys motto vvas Stabilitur Alexander the great ouercame Darius Monarch of Persia and brought the gouernment to the Grecians his vvord vvas Tandem It is supposed that hee vvas poysoned at Babilon Augustus Caesar vvas the fourth Monarch in vvhose time our Sauiour Christ vvas borne his vvord was Finitur The Assyrian Monarchie continued one thousand three hundred sixe yeeres the Medes and the Persians fiue hundred 40. the Grecians 154. and the Romaines aboue eyght hundred The Romaine Monarchie beganne fortâ— and seauen yeeres before Christ was borne The Romains first brought this name Emperour into the vvorld which they inuented not for theyr Princes but for their Captaines and Generalls in vvarre after that Caesar had ouercome Pompey the Romains requested him that he would take vnto him the title Emperour and hee was the first in all the world All I. Caesars successors in memory of him are called Augusti Caesares Imperatores Iulius Caesar the first Romane Emperour was murdered in the Capitoll Octauius Augustus his nephew succeeded him who for his worthy demeanor was canonized for a God he raigned 56. yeres In his time Christ was borne Claudius Tiberius sonne to Liuia Augustus his vvife by her first husbande vvas a coward cruell couetous and lecherous hee deceased in Campania the 23. yeere of his raigne to the great ioy of the Romains Caligula sonne to Germanicus for his cruelty and beastly life was slaine in his Pallace wheÌ„ he had raigned 3. yeres 10. months Claudius Son to Drusus was a good Emperour yet poisoned by Nero and after his â—eath canonized he raigned 13. yeeres and â—ine monthes Nero sonne in law to Claudius who adopâ—ed him to bee his successour was a most wicked Emperour and a great persecuter of Christians he killed himselfe when hee had raigned fourteene yeeres Galba was somewhat seuere and couetous he raigned but seauen months vvas slaine through treason by Otho his throate vvas cut in the market place at Rome Otho inuaded the Empire and at the same time he slewe Galba Vitellius vvas chosen Emp. by the Germaines who ouercam him in battell he killed himselfe raigning 95. daies Vitellius was an excessiue glutton cruel he striued in his doings and course of lyfe to be like Nero he was slaine by the Captaines of Vespasian and throwne into Tiber when he had raigned eyght months one day Vespasian was a Prince endued vvith most excellent vertues and very gentle hee dyed of a â—lixe when he had raigned 9. yeeres Titus his sonne succeeded him who for his clemency was called the loue of mankind he was a stout warriour eloquent learned liberall hee builded the Theater in Rome for plaies he died wheÌ„ he had raigned 2. yeres 8. months 20. daies was canonized Domitian vvas the second Emperour that persecuted the Christians a proude cruell Prince he was slaine by his owne seruaunts the fifteene yeere of his raigne Nerua vvas a man in his priuate life sober yet stout and valourous he demeaned hymselfe vprightly and deceased vvhen hee had raigned one yeere 4. months 8. dayes Traianus a Spanyard was the third Emperour that persecuted the Christians he vvas an affable sober Prince pittiful he died of the flixe in the 19. yeere and 6. month of his raigne Adrianus gaue himselfe vvholy to peace which much aduantaged the Common-vvealth hee was expert in the knowledge of Astronomy he persecuted the Christians a vvhile and raigned 20. yeers 10. months Antonius Fuluius was a good Prince liberall curteous iust he was for his gentlenesse sirnamed Pius and died of a Feauer when he had raigned 23. yeeres Marcus Aurelius vvas very learned he gouerned the Empire ioyntly with his brother Antoninus at what time Rome began to be ruled by two Emperours at once M. Aurelius died of the Apoplexie raigning eleuen yeeres then Antoninus gouerned alone being a sober and graue Prince learned he sold all his substance rather then hee vvould charge
left his kingdome to Arnolphus the Sonne of Charlemaine he was brought to great misery and not hauing sufficient whereby to liue dyed at Sweuia in the 7 yeare of his raigne Arnolphus a couetous Prince raigned 12 yeares and dyed of Lyce after him the maiesty of the Empire came to the Germains which continued with the French-men for the space of 100 yeares Lodouicus the sonne of Arnolphus gouerned sixe yeares to vvhom also Conradus Duke of Austria ioyned and raigned seauen yeares Henry the sonne of Otho Duke of Saxony succeed him and ruled eighteene yeares by theyr ambition many tumults arose for the space of 60 yeares from Arnolphus death to Otho the first The Italians created Berengarius Emperour who at Verona ouercame Arnolphus and put out hys eyes hee gouerned foure yeares Berengarius the second succeeded him who was driuen out of the Countrey by Roâ—olphus King of Burgundy this Rodolph â—aigned three yeares and was expulsed his â—ingdome by Hugo a Duke he gouerned â—enne yeares leauing behind him Lothariâ—s his Sonne vvho ruled two yeares after â—hom Berengarius the third with his Sonne Adelbertus gouerned eleuen yeares vvho â—sing themselues vvith all tyrannie vvere by Otho dryuen out of Italy Otho the first the Sonne of Henry the first deposed Pope Iohn the thirteenth he vvas a Prince endued vvith singuler vertue hee dyed vvhen hee had ruled thirty yeares Otho the second restored Nicephorus Emperour of Constantinople beeing put â—ut of his kingdome into it agayne and married Theoponia his sister Henry Duke of Bauiers rebelled agaynst him but hee vvas by force of armes brought to obedience hee fought vvith the Greekes and Sarazens and being ouer-throwne he fled and vvas taken by Mariners who not knowing him for that hee spake the Greeke language redeemed him-selfe for a small price and returned to Rome soone after he dyed when hee had ruled 11. yeares somâ— write he was poysoned by the Italians Otho the third put Crescentius to death and put out the eyes of Pope Iohn the 10 who deposed Gregory the fifth whom he had made Pope and for that there was greaâ— dissention for the succession of the Empire with the assent of Gregory ordayned that 7. Princes of Germany should choose the Emperour 3. ecclesiasticall and 4. secular The Archbishop of Mentz Colein Trier to these were ioyned the Prince of Boheme for as then Bohemia had no King the CouÌ„ty Palatine of the Rhene the Duke of Saxony and the Marquesse of Bradenborough but amongst these the Elector Boheme is appoynted an Vmpeere to breake off all dissension in election if any rise This institution of Otho is farre more profitable then was the ordayning of the Areopagites amongst the Athenians or the Statutes of the Ephories to the Lacedemonians these Electors were appoynted the yerâ— of Christ 1002. Otho was poysoned by the wife of Crescentius whom he put to death when he had raigned 19. yeares his wifes namâ— was Mary daughter to the King of Aragon a woman giuen to all beastlines and intemperancâ—â—f life Henry the 2. sirnamed the haulting D. of â—auier succeeded him he was the first Emâ—eror chosen by the Electors raigned 22. â—eares he was wholy giuen to religion and godly life he brought the Hungarians to the Christian faith gaue his sister to Stephen theyr King in mariage and dyed at Bamâ—rige Conradus the French-man after an Interâ—egnum for 3. yeares was chosen Emperor â—orne of the daughter of Otho the first he â—ad fortunate wars against the Pannonians â—e subdued Burgundy and dyed in the 15. yeare of his raigne Henry the 3. called the Black the sonne of Conradus was elected in his time 3. vsurâ—ing Popes Gregory 6 Syluestes 3 and Benedict 9 were by him deposed and a 4. â—nstalled who was the Bishop of Bambrige called Clement the 2. he dyed when he had â—aigned 17. yeares Henry the fourth his sonne was cursed by Pope Hildebrand and by his treasons ouerthrowne he being very young his mother gouerned the Pope made Rodolphus Emperour and sent him a crowne whereon was written Petra dedit Petro Petrus diadema Râ—â—dolpho but this vsurper was ouercom by HeÌ„â—ry his hand cut off in the battel the whicâ— when he saw ready to die he sayd Loe 〈◊〉 Lords yee Bishops this is the hand where-witâ— I promised my Lorde Henry fayth and loyaltie iudge ye then how well you haue aduised me The Pope set the sonne also against the Father vvho besieged him at Mentz but by meanes of the Princes he departed thence the Father died when he had ruled 50 yeres his body lay vnburied 5 yeares by reason of the Popes curse Henry the fifth his Sonne withstoode the tiranny of Pope Paschalis and tooke his crowne from him he gouerned the Empire 20 yeares and dyed Lotharius the 2. Duke of Saxony raigned 13 yeares against whom Conradus made warre in his time the ciuill law gathered together by Iustinian and neglected through the tumults of warre was called againe to light he dyed of a Feauer Conradus the third Duke of Bauaria and Nephew to Henry the fourth had great wars with the Sarazins in Asia assisted by Richard sirnamed Cordelion and Lewes the French King he died without all glory renowne â—n the fifteene yeere of his Empire Fredericke the first called Oenobarbus or â—ith the red beard vvas a Prince indued â—ith very good qualities of minde and boâ—ie he ouerthrew Millaine to the ground â—hased Pope Alexander out of Rome and â—laced Octauius in his seate but vvhen hee â—ooke his iourney into Syria in the passage â—uer a riuer he vvas drowned vvhen he had â—aigned thirty and seauen yeeres hee made â—he Prince of Bohemia king for his faithfulâ—esse to him at Millaine Henry the 6. the sonne of F. Barbarossa â—ubdued the realme of Apulia he tooke Naâ—les and spoyled it He made his sonne Frederick being a childe Emperour with him â—y consent of the Electors whose wardshyp â—e dying committed to his brother Philip he ruled 8. yeeres Philip the sonne of F. Barbarossa was chosen Emperour for young Frederick raigned tenne yeeres against whom Innocentius the third erected Otho a Saxon but Philip ouercame him and vvas murthered of Otho Prince of Brunsinia in his Chamber this vvas called Otho the fourth who vvas excomunicated by the Pope was murdered in the 4. yeere of his raigne Fredericke the second sonne of Henry the sixt succeeded him and raigned 27. yeeres and yet before hee dyed vvas depriued fiue yeeres of the Empire by Innocentius hee vvas a vertuous and learned Prince in his time the faction arose betweene the Guelphes and the Gibelines the one vvith the Emperour the other with the Pope Conradus the fourth the son of Frederick vvas ouercome by the Lantgraue who wheÌ„ he perceiued himselfe destituted of the Germaine Princes ayde went to his hereditarie kingdome of Naples and there dyed vvhen he had raigned 4. yeeres VVilliam Countie of Holland vvas chosen Emperor after him a Prince of noble and vertuous actions
he was slaine by the Frizelanders in the second yere of his raigne VVhen hee was dead there vvas an InterregnuÌ„ for 17. yeeres by reason of the Pope Some chose Alphonsus King of Spaine Emperour for his vvisedome and vertues which he refused the other part of the Electors elected Richard the King of Englands brother and brought him to Basill but he vvas not accepted of the Empire Rodolphus the Countie of Haspurge vvas elected and ruled 18. yeares hee killed Oâ—hocarus King of Bohemia and burned one â—hat sayd he was Frederick the second he did 〈◊〉 a manner set vp the decaied Empire ere â—e died Adolphus County of Nason succeeded â—im but the Princes annoyed with his bad â—â—fe ambition chose in his place Albertus â—he first of vvhom Adolphus in a battaill â—as slaine hauing raigned 8. yeeres Albertus the first son of Rodulphus went â—vith a great power against the King of France but in passing ouer the riuer Rhene â—e vvas killed of Iohn his brothers sonne afâ—er he had ruled ten yeeres Henry the seauenth CouÌ„ty of Lusenbruge â—aigned 32. yeeres and vvas poysoned by a Dominick Frier in the sacrament he made his sonne Iohn King of Bohemia by marryâ—ng the Kings Daughter vvhose sonne vvas Charles the 4. king of Bohemia Lodouicus Duke of Bauier vvas chosen Emperor by the Bishop of Mentz Trier the King of Bohemia and the Marquesse of Bradenbrough and against him was erected Fredericke Duke of Austria by the Bishop of Coleine the Count Palatine and Duke of Saxonie vvhereupon neyther of them vvould giue place in the Empire but rather for the space of eyght yeres they made warre one against the other in the end Lodouicus ouercame and killed Fredericke vvas sole Emperour raigning thirty and two yeeres hee dyed and vvas a Prince indued with all vertuous qualities Gunther Earle of Swartzenburge was named Emperour yet not vvith consent of all the Electors and shortly after hee vvas suddaily poysoned at Franckford Charles the fourth sonne to Prince Iohn the sonne of Henry the seauenth enioyed the Empire to the honour of this election were inuited Edvvarde the third King of England Frederick Earle prouinciall of Misen but they refused it Hee vvas a learned Prince and erected the Vniuersity of Prage and raigned 32. yeeres Venceslaus succeeded his Father Charles and gouerned 22. yeeres he through slothfulnesse let the Empire fall to ruine he vvas deposed by his brother Sigismund Rupertus or Robertus County Palatine of Rhene hauing possessed the empire after his warres against Galatius vvho was the first Duke of Millaine so created by Venceslaus as Sleidan reporteth gaue himselfe to peace and religion died raigning 9. yeeres Sigismundus the sonne of Charles the 4. vvas a most noble vertuous and learned Prince much condemning the Germaines â—or that they hated the Latine tongue hee â—ooke avvay the ambitious contention of â—hree Bishops of Rome draue them from â—heyr seates he died raigning 27. yeeres Albert the second Duke of Austria married the onely daughter of Sigismund vvho â—hereby vvas King of Bohemia Hungaria â—nd was the successor of Sigismund in hys time the most excellent and necessary Arte of Printing vvas inuented by the which the knowledge of God was renued he subdued â—he Normaines and the people of Svveuia he dyed of the bloody flixe raigning but 2. yeeres Frederick the third Duke of Austria gouerned the state for the space of 53. yeeres vvith so great vvisedome that it florished in â—ll prosperitie and quietnes hee died the 79. yeere of his age Maximilian the sonne of the Emperour Frederick Leonora daughter to the king of Lusitania raigned 32. yeeres he married Mary the daughter of Charles Duke of Burgundie by vvhom hee had the Dukedome and Matthew the King of Pannonia beeing dead he obtained the kingdome thys vvas a Prince noble valorous and a patron of all learning nor thought hee it dishonour hauing taken King Henry the 8. his pay to serue against Fraunce vnder his conquering colours Charles the 5. sonne of Philip vvho vvas Archduke of Austria and the sonne of Maximilian and Mary succeeded of this Philip came Carolus and Ferdinandus vvhose mother was Ioane Queene of Castile he had also foure daughters Leonora married to the King of Lusitania Isabell to the King of Fraunce Mary to the king of Denmark and Katherine to the king of Hungaria Charles the fift vvas crovvned at Aquisgrane with the siluer crovvne for it is an auncient custome that all Emperors should be crowned vvith 3. diuers crownes vvhich were of gold siluer and yron At Rome Bononie they were crowned with the crowne of golde for the Empyre oâ— Rome with the siluer at Aquisgrane for the Empire of Germany and at Menza with the yron crowne for Lombardie Charles Duke of Burbon with the Emperors host besieged Rome and sacked it constrayning Pope Leo to flie to his Castle Anâ—elo but the Duke was vnfortunatly slaine â—n the assault with an harguebuze Hee was elected Emperor at 19. yeeres of â—ge Fraunces the French king was his comâ—etitor he conquered Millaine ouercame â—he Frenchmen and Switzers in which wars Fraunces there king was taken prisoner hee â—ooke the kingdome of Tunis from Aenoâ—arbus Lieuetenant of the Turke conquered by assault the towne of Affrick VVhen he had raigned 37. yeeres he resigned to his sonne Philip all the estate and â—ignories his Empire to his brother Ferdinando King of the Romaines this doone hee vvent into a Monastery of the Monkes of the order of Saint Hierome and therein dyed Ferdinand the brother of Charles sonne of Philip Archduke of Austria and Ioane Qu. of Castile blessed by God in many prosperous victories and in a small power in comparison of the forces of Solyman was made a Conquerour ouer the Turke Anno 1529. hee was a Prince of great clemencie a louer of learning studying to preserue peace in Europe among Christian Princes hee dyed when hee had raigned sixe yeeres and foure months Maximilian the sonne of Ferdinand vvas chosen Emperor 1564. Hee made prosperous expeditions against the Turkes died vvhen he had raigned 11. yeeres Rodolphus his sonne succeeded him who gouerneth the Empire at this day The maiestie of the Romaine Monarchie florished especially in the house of Haspurge and hath lineally brought foorth tenne Emperours The Romaine Empire hath surmounted all others that haue been or shal be it is novv much dismembred in Asia it hath nothing beeing as now possessed of the Turkes and Tartarians all Affricke almost is lost Portingall Spayne England France Poland Denmarke Hungaria Slauonia and all Greece are cut from the Empire vvith the Countries there abouts and the Iles of Sicilia Sardinia Corsica and Sauoy Italy vvhich hath alwaies beene the first most auncient patrimony of the Romain Empire scarce acknowledgeth the Emperour Spaine holds Calabria Puel Campania and the Kingdome of Naples c as by succession of their auncestors The old and auncient seate of the Empire the Popes possesse
and a great deale more beeing now so farre from acknowledging an Emperour that they haue made the Emperour and Gouernours beholding to them The Venetians holde not onely freedoms but Prouinces and are the freest people of the vvorld as it were seperated froÌ„ the Romaine Empire All that appertaineth now to the Empire is inclosed vvithin the confines of Germanie out of vvhose limits there is nothing Thys Romaine Monarchie is and shall bee the last vvhich although it hath greatly decayed yet shall part thereof continue to the vvorlds end wherein shal remaine the name and maiestie of an Emperour These foure Monarchies were prophecied of long since by the Prophet Daniell vnder the figure of a great Image vvhose head was made of golde breast of siluer belly of copper legges of yron and feete of earth and yron mistically described The heade of Gold signifieth the Monarchy of the Assyrians the breast of Siluer the Persians the belly of Brasse the kingdome of the Greekes the legges of Yron the Romaines the feete of yron and earth the moderne estate of the Monarchie beeing much vveaker then it was vvont to be Daniell dreamed that hee sawe 4. beastes come out of the Ocean the first a Lyon the second a Beare the thyrd a Leopard and as touching the fourth he sayd it vvas terrible to behold The first of these figured the kingdome of Assyria the second the kingdome of Persia the third the Empire of the Greekes and the fourth the Romaine Monarchie the tenne hornes are his members or parts as Siria Egypt Asia Grecia Affrick England Spaine Fraunce Italy Germanie for the Romaine Monarchie possessed all these Nations Betweene these tenne hornes sprang vp a little horne which pluckt away three of the other tenne by which is meant the Mahometicall or Turkish Empire the vvhich engendered of small beginning in the Easterne Romaine Monarchie hath now pulled out three hornes therof Egypt Asia Greece This little horne hath eyes which are presumptious against Christ and Christendom sparckling foorth dreadfull blasphemies against the name of GOD. Of the Turkish Empire IN the yeere of our Lord 630. in the 15. yeere of Heraclius Emperour of Rome arose the dreadfull change of al mankinde by reason of the doctrine of Mahomet vvhich then beganne this did the Arabians first embrace who neuer obeyed kingdoms or lawes lawfully appoynted Mahomet himselfe vvas borne of base parentage in Arabia in the yeere of our Lord 591. in the raigne of Mauritius Emperor of the Romaines his father was an Arabian and his mother a Iew vvho beeing brought vp with a rich Merchant after his maisters death married his mistresse and for that he vvas greatly desirous to rise in honour and estimation by the counsell of Sergius an ancient Monck an Arrian he coyned a new religion deriued out of sundry Sects mingled with some part of the Iewes some part of the Christians some of the Arrians The Prophet Ezechiell and S. Iohn call the Turks Gog and Magog Gog signifyeth a Tent and Magog the people vvithout the Tents for the Tartarians vsually dvvell in Tents and the Turkes are Tartaries vvho came out of Tartarie into Asia when the Sarazens warred against the Persians by theyr King Hormisda desired in ayde Mahomet is interpreted rage or indignation Turke signifieth a souldiour or a vvrastler in the Tartarian tongue one that is accursed or a vagabond Methodius calleth thys people red Iewes eyther because they vvere cruell thirsting after blood or els for that Mahomet vvas borne of Edom in Arabia and Edom signifieth redde Besides the same Author vvriteth that Gog and Magog vvere closed in beyond the hyll Caucasus and that a subtile Foxe should make them a passage vvhich Foxe is Mahomet VVhen the Sarazens serued vnder Heraclius against the persians being denied their pay they fledde from him and in theyr returne homewards they spoyled many villages and townes about Damascus in Syria then vnderstanding Mahomet to be of great power by reason of his vvealth and the opinion vvhich vvas helde of his religion they made choyse of him for theyr Gouernour and by the consent of the Sarazens Arabians and a great part of the Egyptians they so proclaimed him The beginning of his kingdome vvas in â—523 yeeres after Christ vvho making hys â—eate in Syria vvrote the Alcoran a booke of all the lawes ceremonies and traditions of his religion vvith a number of idle tales and faigned miracles hee vvas poysoned by Albunor one of his owne disciples to the inâ—ent hee might see if his maister Mahomet vvoulde rise againe the thirde day after hys death according to his prophecy but hys body was torne in peeces of dogges he raigned tenne yeeres Ebebuzer or Amiras that is a Prince or successor his sonne in law succeeded him hee tooke Damascus making that his princely seate and after 2. yeeres siedge spoiled Gaza Ierusalem raigning 3. yeeres Ahumar succeeded hee subdued all Syria and Egypt conquering Persia and hauing added Cilicia Cappadocia Mesopotamia and the Ile of Cyprus vnto his conquests he made Babylon the seate of his Empire whoÌ„ the Sarazens called the Calipha of Babilon which signifieth the chiefe Prince of empire and religion he raigned 12. yeeres Muhauiar tooke Caesaria and Palestine ouercame Horimasda the sonne of Cosroes he made them keepe Mahomets lawes vvhich the Persians obserue at this day after thys the Sarazens possessed Affrica vvent forward into Asia vvhere they flourished 200 yeeres The Turkes as long as the Empire of the Sarazens flourished in Asia they did most firmly sticke vnto them but after that they began to decrease by their ciuill dissention they encroched vppon them and their territories and by little and little wrought themselues at length wholy into the gouernment of the Empire In the yeere of our Lord one thousand fifty one they elected Zadoc to bee theyr King he laid the first foundation of the Turkish empire in Asia After 5. discents of them in the yeere one thousand foure hundred and eyght vvhen Godfrey of Bullaine vvith other Christan Princes made theyr holy expedition into Palestine the Christians in Armenia perceiuing that the Turkes were deuided and that they had murdered theyr last Emperor Belchâ—aior suddainly assailed them and draue them out of Persia enforcing them to keepe in the lesser Asia In the yeere of our Lorde one thousand three hundred Ottoman restored their Empire by his rare wit and fortune in martiall affaires he gaue names to the Emperors first appointed theyr king hee conquered Bithinia and Cappadocia and tooke many places lying vpon Mare ponticum and ruled 28. yeeres Orchanes his sonne sacked Prusia made â—t the head of his kingdome he was slayne by â—he Tartarians Amurath his sonne was the first that came out of Asia into Europe hee tooke Callipoâ—is Cherronesus Abydus Philippolis Adrianapolis Seruia and Bulgaria but entering into the vpper part of Misia hee was slayne in the 23. yeere of his Empire Baiazeth his brother
therefore commaunded that they should not marry together hee dyed in the third yeere of his popedome Boniface the 5. appoynted holy places sanctuaries for theeues murderers levvd persons he sate in the sea 5. yeeres Honorius borne in Campania is commended for his diligence and care in building of Churches in his time Mahomet began to spread his religion in Turkie He died continuing in his Popedome eleuen yeeres Zepherinus the 2 was confirmed pope in the name of Heraclius the Emperor by Isacius his Lieuetenant in Italy who brake into the Church treasury tooke avvay the riches therof at this time the Zarazens wone from the Romains diuers kingdoms by reason of Mahomets power Zepherinus dyed ann 636. Iohn the 4. died ruling scarce 2. yeeres Theodorus the first a Grecian builded many Churches in Rome golden shrines for Saints he forbid that mariage made after a single vow should be broken hee depriued Pyrrhus byshop of Constantinople for heresie and dyed 646. Martin the 1. coÌ„maunded Priests to shaue theyr heads he deposed Paule Patriarch of CoÌ„stantinople who being bound in chaines was brought to Constantinople by the Emperor CoÌ„stantinus where he died miserably this Pope dyed an 656. Eugenius the first was much commended for the gouernment of his life hee first decreed that Bishops shoulde haue prisons for the punishment of theyr Priests 662. Vitellianus was an excellent Musitian and brought singing Organs into the church he died 669. Theodatus the second a Romaine of a Monke was made Pope he died 675. Donus the first beautified Saint Peters Church with pillars and made subiect to Rome the Church of Rauenna Theodotus the Archbishop thereof agreeing thereto which Church was called Alliocephalis hee dyed an 679. Agatho the first commaunded the Popes decrees should be esteemed for as canonicall and authenticall as the vvritings of the Apostles he died of the pestilence an 684. Leo the second was a very learned Monk and skilfull in musick hee died in the ende of his tenth month 685. Benedictus the second vvas the first that tooke vpon him to be called Christs Vicar vpon earth he liued in the seat 10. monthes Iohn the fift tooke consecration of three Bishoppes Hostia Portua and Veliterne which custome he appoynted to bee kept of his successors he dyed 687. Conon a Thracian beeing established fell sicke and dyed 689. Sergius the first an Assyrian borne he added Agnus dei to the Masse he died 701. Iohn the 6. a Germaine in the time of famine and vvar nourished a great number of poore men with releefe beeing indeede the worthiest of al Popes for such almes-deeds and redeemed diuers prisoners and captiues from bondage he was onely elected Pope because of Sergius adultery and not confirmed Sergius beeing afterward restored againe hee therefore is not reckoned among the Popes Iohn the seuenth a Grecian beautified the Churches and dyed 707. Sozimus the second was so sore sick of the Gowte that he dyed in 20. dayes Naucletus writeth that he was poisoned by Dioscorus who contended with him Constantine the first was the first that euer offered his Soueraigne his foote to kisse hee cursed the Emperour Philippus and all hys coyne and mooued Anastasius to depose him and put out his eyes VVhen Kimredus and Offa two Kings of the English Saxons for their pleasures came a voyage to Rome beeing there thys pope made them forsake their kingdomes become Monks he dyed ann 715. Gregory the second mooued the subiects of the Emperour Leo to rebellion because theyr Images were taken away hee caused Spayne Luguria and Italy to reuolt from him and in the end he excommunicated deposed him thus the Empire of the East lost their title in Italy Gregory died 731. Gregory the 3. vvrit to Boniface an Englishman that the priests ought to haue shauen crownes to pray for the dead to offer sacrifice for them he dyed 742. Zacharias was the first that gaue golden Coapes decked vvith pearles and stones to Churches he commaunded that Gossips in no wise should marry together hee was the first that atteÌ„pted to release subiects of theyr allegeance for Pipinus sonne of the bastard Charles Martell obtained of this pope that hee would depose Childericus from the crowne of Fraunce and giue it him and hys heyres He forced him to become a Monke he changed Lachis king of Lombardie Carolorianus others from their royal estate and made them become Monks hee dyed â—vhen he had raigned 10. yeres an 752. One Stephen a Deacon vvas chosen to â—ucceed him who died of the falling sicknes Stephen the second craued of Pipin to reâ—enge his quarrell against Aristulphus king of Lombardie for demaunding subsidie of him and his prelates vvhich he did and deâ—iuered the dominion of Rauenna vnto him vvith all the Townes thereof euen to the gulfe of Venice Hee vvas the first pope that vvas carried a â—roade vpon mens shoulders vvhich hys successors vse at this day he dyed 757. Paule the first the brother of Stephen restored the Images which Constantine had abrogated but Constantine defied his curses and withstood Images to his death thys pope dyed 767. After thys Charles the great beganne to raigne vvho builded 24. Manasteries CoÌ„stantine the second a lay man by strong hand was made pope by meanes of his brother Desiderius king of Lombardy and Totho duke of Nepetia but because he had not taken ecclesiasticall orders one Philip vvas chosen but beeing weake in power hee vvas forced to depose himselfe Constantine ruled in the sea one yeere pontifically in the end a counsell of Italian and French Bishops deposed him and put him into an Abby as a perpetuall prison hauing before put out his eyes ann 708. VVhose brother vnder pretence of praying comming to Rome rewarded the Pope with the like punishment Stephen the third disanulled all that Constantine had doone he brought to his subiection the Church of Millaine which euer before had been free He vvent once that hee might bee called a follower of Christ bare-footed in Procession and dyed an 772. Hadrian the first by the aide of Charles the Emperour deliuered the sea of Rome from the perrill of all other Princes hee was the first that with his leaden Bull did honour theyr decrees dispensations and priuiledges Lodouicus Pius the son of Carolus Magnus confirmed his Father gift adding to the Popes possessions Venice and sundry other lands he made Hadrian Prince of Rome Italy and ratified the Popes Empire thys Pope dyed ann 799. Leo the third obtained of Charles the Emperour that the Romaines by an oath might become subiect to his gouernment vvhich the Emperour graunted vvherevpon the Pope was so hated that as he vvas going on Procession diuers fell vpon him and beate him from his horse and stripping him out of his pontificall roabes vvhypped him with â—odds He made Charles Emperour vpon condition that hee should sweare perpetuall homage and fealtie to the Church of Rome Thys Leo dyed ann 816. Stephen
some doe not reckon him among the Popes especially Vincentius He begot Pope Iohn the 11. in detestable adultery Petrus Premonstratensis Iohn the eleueth vvas made Pope by the meanes of Theodola a Curtezane for the loue she bare to him he ouercame the Sarazens that wasted Calabria Apulia and Italy Hee was smothered by Guido Marquesse of Thusca his souldiers which Guido married the daughter of Theodora that shee might aduaunce her base son by Sergius the thyrd vvho vpon thys Popes death vvas elected but for that the agreement of the people and the Clergie was not certaine he was deposed the same day Leo the sixt established peace in Italy and after he had raigned 7. months he was poisoned by Marozia Stephen the seauenth liued in peace tvvo yeeres and as Crantius writeth he was poysoned Iohn the 12. raigned 5. yeeres while his mother Marozia ruled as wel the estate temporall as spirituall in Rome Leo the 7. lyued quietly and did nothing vvorthy of remembrance hee dyed Anno 941. Stephen the 8. a Germaine borne was greatly vexed with ciuill seditions amongst the Romaines he died anno 944. Martin the third repaired the Churches was very beneficiall to the poore and diligent in reforming of outward manners hee dyed ann 947. Agapetus the second caused Otho the first to vvage warre against Berengarius a Marquesse of Italy promising him therefore the kingdome of the Romaines as Sabellicus writeth he died an 954. Iohn the 13. was of so loose and intemperately life that the Emperour by the consent of the Prelates deposed him and sette vp Leo the 8. but when the Emperour was gone those harlots that were Iohns cōpanions promised the Nobles of Rome the treasures of the Church to depose Leo place Iohn againe which they did He decreed that the Emperor should euer be crowned at Rome by the Pope but as hee was solacing himselfe without Rome a certaine night with the wife of one that scorned to be called a well contented man id est a Cuckold he was killed forthwith in the 10. yeare of his Popedome Of him came the prouerbe as merry as Pope Iohn Leo the 8. who fled to the Emperour when he was deposed after the death of Iohn was restored againe he gaue to Otho authority absolute to elect the pope as once Charls the great did after a yere 3. moneths he died Iohn the 14. was quietly chosen he allured the kingdom of Poland to accept him as supreame head of all Churches in this time they began to giue proper names to bels and he called the great bell of Leteran after his owne name dyed anno 973. Benedictus the 6. was imprisoned in Castel Angelo by Cynthius a man of great power and there hee was strangled or as some say poysoned in his time beganne the name of Cardinals to be vsed as Carion reporteth Donus the second gouerned indifferently deseruing neyther great praise nor dispraise for a yeare and sixe moneths he dyed anno 975. Benedictus the fifth was deposed by Otho that he might restore Leo he dyed in exile anno 964. Boniface the seauenth doubting his safety at Rome fled to Constantinople and in his absence the Romaines made one Iohn the 15. Pope but at his returne he tooke Iohn thrust out his eyes put him in prison and pined him to death but shortly after he dyed of the falling sicknes and after his death his body was dispightfully vsed Iohn the 15. was Pope eight moneths in the absence of Boniface Iohn the 16 as soone as he was Pope began to beare deadly hatred against the Clergy and they likewise abhorred him because he neglected the dignity of the Romaine sea and bestowed the riches vpon his kindred and harlots which fault Platina and Stella say hath continued among the Clergy vnto our time hee dyed the eight yeare of hys raigne Iohn the 17. was very well learned published diuers books he was likewise expert in warlike affaires in his time Crescentius the Consull went about to make himselfe King of Rome wherfore he departed into Hetruria but Crescentius fearing that he went for the Emperor sent for him to returne which he did and was receaued with all humility by Crescentius who falling downe before him kissed his feete and craued pardon This Iohn dyed anno 995. Gregory the fifth beeing the Emperours Cosen was by his authority made Pope whō Crescentius the Consull with the people deposed and established Iohn the 18. Bishop of of Placentia Gregory complained to the Emperour who ouercame Crescentius and killed him and caused Iohns eyes to be put out whereof he dyed Gregory dyed the 3. yeare of his Popedome Iohn the 18. was very learned and rich but proud and couetous which was his ouerthrow he dyed as before Syluester the second a Frenchman addicted wholy to deuilish arts be tooke himselfe to the Author thereof both body and soule who told him that he should not dye vntill he sayd Masse in Ierusalem wherfore he perswaded himselfe of long life as minding not to come there but saying Masse in the Pallace of the holy Crosse which was called Ierusalem in a terrible shiuering and quaking he dyed miserably anno 1003. Iohn the 19. by those means that Syluester vsed came to be Pope who after hee had raigned fiue moneths was poysoned by his owne friends Iohn the 20. likewise by Magick got to be Pope and was altogether giuen to idlenes as Platina saith he dyed in the 4. yeare o◠his raigne Sergius the fourth was a pleasant merry familiar companion in his time was great pestilence and famine in Italy and in Loraine a fountaine turned into blood he dyed anno 1012. Benedictus the eight by the Magicall charmes of his Nephew Theophilactus who was Syluesters Scholler obtayned the Popedome and was therein defended by Henry Bauarius because he had bestowed on him the crowne emperiall but after his death the Cardinalls deposed him and set vp another but hee vvith money compounded and was restored agayne hee dyed anno 1025. Iohn the 21. brother of the former Benedict being a lay man was made Pope by the coniuring of Theophilactus he so continued 11. yeares Benedict the ninth who before was Theophilact as he aduanced his vncles by his Magicke Arts so now hee brought to passe by them to succeede in theyr dignities he after the death of Conradus sought to disinherite his sonne Henry the 3. of the Empire and to plant in his sted Peter King of Hungary to whom hee sent the crowne of the Empire with this verse Petra dedit Romam Petro tibi Papa coronam Henry ouercame Peter and tooke him prisoner and sette forward to Rome which the Pope hearing of sold his Popeship to Iohn Gratian after called Gregory the 6. in the meane time the Romains deposed Benedict placed in his sted Iohn Bishop of Saba Syluester the third King of Saba enioyed the roome but 49. daies and was by the Emperor driuen out and constrained to returne to
chosen pope but not by all parties and therfore the Emperor appoynted Octauius whom he called Victor the fourth after whose death three Popes succeeded in order Paschalis Calixtus and Innocentius against Alexander hee trod vpon the Emperours necke who sued being excommunicated to be vbsolued dyed 1181. Lucius the third a Thuscane borne of an honourable house enioyed the popedome with much trouble he died at Verona anno 1185. Vrbanus the third for his seditious troublesome dealing was called Turbanus hee dyed anno 1188. Gregory the eight was carefull for the recouery of the Holy land vvho going to stirrre vp the Pisans and Genowais in this matter he was poysoned when he had raigned two moneths Clement the third after the death of VVilliam King of Sicill who had no heire claymed it to bee tributary to the Church of Rome but the people chose TraÌ„cred bastard to King VVilliam who withstoode the pope and his forces he dyed 1191. Celestine the third crowned Henry the sixt Emperour and put the crowne vpon his head with his foote whilst hee stooped and then spurned it off saying I haue power to make and vnmake Emperours at my pleasure he dyed 1198. Innocentius the third enraged that Phillip vvas made Emperour agaynst his vvill sayde Eyther shall the Pope spoyle Phillip of his crowne and Empire or else shall Phillippe take from the Pope his Apostolicall dignitie Hee stirred vppe Otho a Duke against him and by another Otho he vvas slayne who vvas afterwardes made Emperour by the Pope He excommunicated Otho and spoyled him of al his estate creating in his place Frederick the second he also excommunicated and cursed king Iohn of England but by submission hee receaued his crowne of Pandolphus the Popes Legate he dyed 1216. Honorius the third graunted Archbishops power to giue pardons faculties dispensations dualities pluralities within theyr Diocesse being sicke of the spirituall dropsie he dranke vp the treasures gf the Clergy and had two Prebends of euery cathedrall Church in England one of the Bishops stipend and the other from the Charter as Matheus Parisius writeth in his time it rayned blood for the space of three dayes in Rome he dyed 1227. Gregory the ninth maintayned the quarell of Honorius against the Emperour whom he excommunicated and cursed three times as Abbas Vspergensis wryteth vvhilst the Emperour was warring in the Holy land he tooke Apulia into his possession he made the diuision in Italy betweene the Guelphs and Gibelines he died for thought that the Emperours power preuailed agaynst him 1241. Caelestine the fourth an aged man purposed to pursue the quarrell against Frederick but that he was poysoned the 18. day of his raigne Innocentius the fourth deposed Frederick from the Empire cursed his sonne Conradus in his time by a counsell held at Lions it was decreed that the Cardinals should ride on their trapped Iennets throgh the streets and weare red hats crimson robes to signifie sayth Parisius that they are ready to spend theyr blood for the catholique fayth but as Platina wryteth for the honour of their estate Robert Grosted Bishop of Lincolne detested and defied both in preaching and wryting this popes couetousnes pride and tirany nor would admit an vnlearned youth to a canoniship of Lincolne but rebuked the pope for it in a letter Cestensis in his seauenth booke wryteth that when this Bishop of Lincolne dyed a voyce was heard in the popes Court saying Veni miser in iudicium Dei Come thou wretch to be iudged of God and that the pope was found dead in his bed the next day a blew stroke vpon his body as though he had been beaten with a staffe anno 1253 he being at Naples and gaping for the kingdome of Sicill Alexander the fourth persecuted the King of Sicill and in his time anno 1258. Richard Earle of Cornwall sonne to King Iohn of England was chosen King of Almaine for his great treasure and the pope procured that he was chosen Emperour but he did that closely because hee had likewise for the same matter taken a bribe of Alphonsus King of Spaine wher-vpon a Poet made this verse Nummus ait pro me nubet Cornubia Romae Thus money sayth for loue of me Cornwall with Rome shall linked be This Pope dyed anno Domini 1262. Vrban the fourth before Patriarch of Ierusalem as soone as he was pope commaunded Souldiours out of Fraunce to subdue Manfred the enemy of their Church vvhile this pope was from Rome at Pruse the Romains coueting their old liberties made a new kind of officers calling them Branderesies vvho had power of life death in their hands Mascaeus sayth that a blazing starre appeared three nights before the death of Vrban and ceased the same night he dyed 1264. Clement the fourth before he came to be Pope was a maried man and had three children by his wife hee sent for Charles Earle of Aniow to bring an Army into Italy where he slew Manfred and was made King of Sicill and Ierusalem vpon condition that he should pay yerely to the pope forty thousand crownes hee dyed at Viterbium 1270. and the seate was void two yeares Gregory the 10 of the house of Millaine made peace betweene the Venâ—tiuns and Genevvayes hee excommunicated the Florentines After the Empire had beene voyde a long time he made Rodolphus Earle of Haspurg Emperour because he should maintaine ciuill dissention after that Alphonsus king of Spayne had bestovved huge summes of money in hope to be Emperour especially the Duke of Cornvvall beeing deade the Pope appeased him with words enough but no recoÌ„pence in mony toward his charges Hee died at Arelium in the fift yeere of his popeship is there buried who neuer cam to Rome nor saw it Parisius Innocentius the 5. dyed the same yere that Gregory did raigning but 6. months Hadrian the 5. died at ViterbiuÌ„ ere he was coÌ„secrated Pope 40. daies after his election Iohn the 22. a Phisition by profession succoured with money and ecclesiasticall lyuings diuers young men that vvere toward in learning and especially the poorest Hee prophecied by the course of starres that hee should lyue long but vvhilst he vvas vainely vaunting thereof the Chamber vvherein he vvas fell down suddenly Valerius calleth the place which fel down Gamesters hall and Stella the Popes precious Chamber for the gorgiousnes therof he raigned 8. months Nicholas the 3. by his falshoode brought Flaunders Bononia and the royalty of Rauenna vvhich long time belonged to the Emperour vnder his owne power he dyed suddenly of an Apoplexie without speaking any word ann 1281. Martin the 4. bestowed great priuiledges vpon the begging Friers and as hee was taking his accustomed recreation vvith hys Cardinalls as Carsulanus writeth a certain secret disease came vppon him whereof hee dyed an 1285. This Pope in the first yeere of his raigne receiued into his familiarity the Concubine of his predecessor Nicholas but to auoyde the like chaunce that his child
had by her if he should haue any which was borne vvith hayre and clawes like a beast he commaunded all Beares vvhich were painted in his Pallace by a pope that vvas of Vrsinus house to be blotted out to auoyde in his concubine the sight therof vvhich he thought wroughâ— great effect in conception Honorius the 4. decreed that the Carmelites putting of their rich robes should weare white weeds that they should bee called our Ladies bretheren he dyed 1288. Nicholas the 4. loued all men alike and thought that he ought no more dutie to his kindred then to other who seeing Rome in his time sore turmoiled with ciuill dissentions died vvith greefe 1291. Caelestine the 5. after the seate had been aboue 2. yeres voyd got the place at the first time he sate in the Consistory he went about exactly to reforme the church of Rome that the Clergie might be example to other hee thereby purchased great hatred VVherfore hee resigned his Popeshyp and determined to liue an Ermite as Massaeus vvriteth but he vvas imprisoned by Boniface and dyed 1292. Of thys Pope sprang a sect of Monks called Caelestines Boniface the 8. raysed great vvarres in Italy and excommunicated the French King giuing the title of the kingdome to the Emperour that by this meanes as Carion writeth the Germaines and Frenchmen might â—all to dissention he was taken by them who fled for feare of him and cast in prison where he dyed 1304. Hee entred as a Foxe hee â—aigned as a Lyon dyed like a dog Hee vvas the first that deuised the Iubilie â—ccording to the Iewes tradition Benedict the 11. the son of a shepheard of an excellent vvit and very eloquent applied himselfe to asswage all the ciuill broyles in Italy VVhen hee was first made Pope hys mother came to see him being aparrelled by the Senate in seemely order but he did dysdaine to call her mother vntill shee had put on her homely apparrell again Then quoth he I knowe this Matron for shee is my mother Thys reporteth Leander Albertus After he had appeased those braules which his predecessors had procured he dyed and as some say poysoned by a figge which vvas giuen him ann 1305. Of him was written these verses Aut rem peruerte maledic malefac maledicte A re nomen habe Benedic benefacte Benedicte Clement the fift translated the Court of Rome to Auinia in Fraunce an 1505. and there it continued 70. yeres to the great damage of the Romaines At his coronation vvas Phillip King of Fraunce his brother Charles and Iohn Duke of Brittaine where Duke Iohn and twelue more by a wall thaâ— vvas ouerthrowne by the prease of people were slaine the king was somewhat hurt and the Pope being thrust besides his horse losâ— a Carbuncle stone out of his Miter valued at 6000. florences After diuers decrees of superstition hee died of the bloody flixe at Rocca Maura a Tent vpon Rhodanus ann 1314. the seat vvas voyd 3. yeeres He caused Frances Dandalus a noble man of Venice vvho came to sue for fauour for the Venetians to be bound with a chaine about the necke and like a dog to lyue vnder his table feeding vpon what fell froÌ„ hys trencher ere he could asswage his fury Sabel Iohn the 23. a French-man was chosen to him Charles the faire as Sleidan vvriteth first of all permitted to leuie tenths vpon the Ecclesiasticall reuenues that they should deuide the booty betweene them Hee maintained and was therewith charged in the Counsell of Constance that the soule of man dyeth together with the body which he neuer purged himselfe of he dyed in the 90. yeere of his age 1335. Benedict the 12. renued the curses of pope Iohn against the Emperour Lodouicke yet in the end he absolued him notwithstanding that the Kings of Fraunce and Naples willed him to the contrary and therefore they called Benedict the defender of an Hereticke Clement the sixt excommunicated all the Princes Lordes and Bishops that consented to the dooings of Lewes as Naucler vvryteth to deface the Empire hee created Vicounts and made them Viccars thereof and the Emperor on the othreside appoynted other Viccars for the Church Thys Emperour vvas by the Popes procurement poysoned and his sonne Charles vvho succeeded him morgaged to the Electors the common reuenewes of the Empire which they enioy to this day for they coÌ„pelled Charles to take an oath that these pledges should neuer be reclaymed vvhereby at length the Empire thus decayed the Turke inuaded the Church of Christ and made great spoyle thereof Thys Pope vvhile his seruaunts vvent to dynner leauing onely his chamberlaine with him fell downe suddenly and dyed of an impostume ann 1352. Innocent the 6. Doctor of both lawes and of an Aduocate made Bishop of Claramont and of the Cardinall of Hostia and Penitentiarie to the Pope was made Pope himselfe vvho vvhile he vvas preparing an Armie against the Turkes he dyed for griefe that the Romaines vvere at ciuill dissention ann 1362. Thys pope according to most vvriters vvas a very niggard but for maintenaunce of vvarres very prodigall Vrban the 5. vvas made Pope at Auerino to him Briget a vvoman of Swelande came vvhen he vvas at Rome and by reason of a vow which she had made shee desired that there might bee religious persons both men and vvomen of the order of S. Briget Hee vvas poysoned ann 1371. In his time the order of Iesuites Scopetines first beganne as Iohannes Palionedorus vvriteth Gregory the 11. vvas made Cardinall at 18. yeeres of age by his vncle Clement vvas very learned he excommunicated the Florentines and demanded tenths throughout the Empire he dyed of extreame paine in the bladder 1378. he remoued the court from Fraunce to Rome againe Vrbanus the 6. vvas a poore man and very obscure Iane Queene of Sicill yeelded her kingdome at his commaundement Otho Duke of Brunsmier Prince of Tarentum offered him the like which he vnkindly requited for by his meanes Otho was murdered and Iane imprisoned where shee vvas strangled to death by one Duke Charles vvho violently got the kingdome of Sicill This Pope as Stella saith was a crafty man and one that would seeke to reuenge any iniury do one vnto him he dyed in Rome an 1390. poysoned as some thinke after hee had misgouerned the popedome 10. yeeres none beeing sorry for his death Hee dead his nephew Fraunces was thrust from all his lyuing and despised of all men according to the saying cuÌ„ moritur praesus cognatio tota fit exul It is thought that in his time one Bertholdus Swart an Alchumist a Monke in the North part of Germanie first deuised contriued Gunnes to the hurte of many a braue souldiour Clement the 7. a Frenchman was chosen by diuers Cardinalls who fled from Vrban in the third month of his election fearing his crueltie He was ambitious needy and yet very prodigall as Theodoricus writeth by reason of these two Popes at once seated all
Christendome was deuied some taking part with Vrban and some with Clement he died 1392. Boniface the 9. being scarce 20. yeeres old was made Pope by coÌ„sent of those Cardinals that remained at Rome hee could neyther write nor sing as Theodoricus witnesseth and nothing during his time could bee demaunded were it neuer so vniust absurd but he would grant it for money There was neuer any Pope did beare such rough sway ouer the Romaines as hee dyd as Cranzius writeth hee canonized Briget borne in Sweazeland and ann 1404. he died of the Collick and stone Benedict the 13. before called Peter of the moone before he was Pope disputed against such authority the Clergy he died 1424. Innocent the 7. was much troubled about a murder that his Nephewe Lewes dyd in Rome which he maintained and therfore he his Cardinalls were hotely pursued to Viterbium but commaunding the halfe of ecclesiasticall liuings both in Fraunce England hee tooke the foyle as Gaguinus sayth and died shortly after at Rome an 1407. Gregory the 12. Patriarch of Constantinople promised that he would renounce the bishopricke if Benedictus likewise dyd not refuse to renounce also But when Benedictus fled into Spaine Gregory reuoked hys promise whereupon by a Counsell they were both deposed and in theyr sted Alexander the 5. was chosen and Gregory for griefe dyed suddenly 1415. Alexander the 5. vvas a Franciscan Frier and vvoorthily called Alexander as Platina sayth because hee being but a beggerly and begging Fryer might now be matched with the proudest Prince in Europe for prodigalitie and courage vvherevpon hee vvould oftentimes say I am a rich Bishop a poore Cardinall and a beggerly Pope He was poysoned by his phisition Marcillius Parmensis as Baptista Panaelius reporteth Iohn the 24. caused this Alexander to bee poysoned VVhen hee vvas in Bononia hee threatned the people and Clergy to bee reuenged if they did not chuse a pope according to his minde and of many named hee allowed none vvhereupon hee was desired to appoynt one Giue me said he the robe of Saint Peter and I wil bestow it vpon him that shall be pope which hee then put vpon himselfe and sayd In the name of God amen I Balthazar Cossa am Pope which they durst not reproue although mislike In the Counsell at Rome at two sundry times an Owle sitting vpon a beame of the Temple and fastening her eyes vppon the pope did with her noyse salute him wherevppon it brake vp and nothing was doone nor so much as the Owle chased avvay as Nicholas Clemanges writeth This pope dyed being deposed ann 1419. Martin the fift vvas made pope by the decree of the counsell of Constance vvhich to establish him did depriue Benedict Gregory and Iohn He dyed at Rome of the falling sicknes an 1431. was buried in a tombe of Brasse in Lateran Eugenius the 4. refused to come to the Counsell of Basill because it was sayde that a Counsell was aboue the pope and therefore he was deposed and condemned for an Heretick and Amadeus Duke of Subandia an Heremite was placed in his stead hee dyed ann 1446. Faelix the 5. before a Duke being an aged man before he came to be pope lyued to see the day that the sonnes of his sons matched in marriage with Kings daughters and in the end vvent into the vvildernesse vvith sixe Knights to leade an Hermites life This pope beeing demaunded vvhether he kept any hounds and to shewe them hee brought theÌ„ that asked him to a place where a great company of poore people sate down together at dinner saying Behold these are my hounds which I feede daily with the which I hâ—pe to hunt for the kingdom of heauen he deposed himselfe for vnitie sake died 1447. Nicholas the 5. in one yeere gotte to bee Bishop of Bononia Cardinall and Pope in his time the Turke vvone Constantinople He reuiued with great diligence learning knowledge which was theÌ„ almost drowned vvith barbarous sophistrie and appoynted stipends for the maintenaunce of learned men he dyed ann 1455. Calixtus the 3. vvas an old impotent man he decreed that no man should appeale from the Pope to a generall Counsell and dyed ann 1458. Pius the 2. among the learned Popes hee was most learned and a most diligent vvriter he vvas made Poet Laureat in his youth by Frederick the third Volateranus writeth that ambition did ouerthrow many vertues in him among many of his prouerbiall sentences he left this in vvriting There is a great cause why the Clergy should be depriued of mariage but greater cause why they should be suffered to marry he dyed ann 1464. Paule the second being made Pope gaue his minde vvholy as Volateranus wryteth to ambition riotousnes and pleasure he died suddenly of an Apoplexie 1470. Sixtus the fourth in the space of 2. yeeres for he raigned no longer spent of himselfe alone in riot 200000. crownes and becam in debt aboue threescore thousand hee dyed at 28. yeeres of age beeing vvasted through his incontinent lyfe 1474. Innocentinus the 8. was altogether vnlearned yet to get money he found out the title written vppon Christes Crosse in three languages which was found hidden in a vvall also the yron head of the speare where-with his side was wounded and before any one might see or kisse these reliques hee shoulde pay well for it he dyed 1492. Alexander the sixt first called Rodericus Borgia was a riotous tyrant and in league with the deuill for the papacie He made his sonne Duke of Valentia by magick who was called Caesar Borgia Of his warres and hys sonnes reade Guichardine and Volateranus He made his eldest sonne Duke of Candie who a litle while after not vvithout his brothers procurement vvas murdered in the night cast into Tyber His daughter Lucretia was married to three Princes one after another the Duke of Pisauria Alosius of Aragon and Alphonsus of Ferrara He prepared a feast for diuers Cardinalls Senators purposing to poyson them but by the prouidence of God hee was poysoned himselfe 1499. Pius the 3. called first Franciscus Picolhomeneus succeeded him hee raised an Armie to driue the Frenchmen out of Italy died seeing no euent thereof of an Vlcer in hys legge ann 1503. Iulius the second rose A remo ad tribunall from a vvhirry-slaue to bee Pope for so hee vvas in his youth he made Rauenna Seruia Imola Fauentia Foroliuinium and Bononia subiect to his Empire Vicelius saith that he was rather giuen to warres then to Christ. He cast Peters keyes into Tyber saying Because Peters keyes are able to doe no more let the sword of Paule helpe to doe it Thys Bibliander vvryteth of him He dyed 1513. Leo the tenth of the house of Medices was of his owne nature a gentle and quiet person but greatly ouer-ruled by the counsaile of cruell and contentious men He had no care of preaching the Gospell but rather contemned it for Cardinall Benbus moouing a question
out of it the Pope aunswered All ages can testifie howe profitable that fable of Christ hath beene to vs and our company In the yeere 1518. as soone as hee heard it reported that the Frenchmen vvere by his meanes slaine and driuen out of Italie hee laughed at the newes so vehemently that there-with hee presently fell dovvne dead at the table Hadrian the 6. Schoolemaister before to Charles the Emperour still kept the name that hee receiued in Baptisme called Hadrian he dyed hauing raigned 4. yeres 1523. Clement the 7. got the place by violence and possessed it vvith much trouble and an 1534. he vvas poysoned by a strange practise for both he and certaine Cardinals were poysoned vvith the smell and smoake of a certaine Taper which with a strange confusion was poysoned for the same purpose Vnder this Clement Nicholaus Machiauell Secretary of Florence did flourish vvho in his first booke of the history of Florence sayth That for the most part the mischiefes that happened among the Christans proceeded of the Popes theyr ambition that before the â—ime of Theodocricus King of Lombardy the yere of our Lorde 500. they were euer subiect to Kings in ciuill matters Paule the 3. was an Astrologian a Magitian giuen to all incontinencie he had a booke of 45. thousand harlots who for the â—iberty of theyr stewes did pay vnto hym a monthly tribute He did openly excommunicate curse the most renowned prince King H. the 8. Et donauit regnum primuÌ„ occupaturo and gaue his kingdome to him thaâ— would first inuade it he raigned 15. yeres Iulius the 3. before called Iohn Mery oâ— the Mount was a man of beastly condition and a maintainer of Sodomitie hee caused to be stamped vppon his coyne Gens et regnâ— peribit quod mihi non inseruit that Nation kingdome shall perrish vvhich dooth not serue me he dyed when he had raigned sixe yeeres ann 1555. Marcellus the second vvoulde not change his Christian name hee dyed the 20. day after his election Paule the fourth founded a newe sect of Religious men in Venice called by an holie name Iesuits of the name of Iesus before he was Pope for the which he vvas made Cardinall he was altogether gyuen to vvarres He dedicated a booke of the reformation of the Church to Paule the third yet made none in his owne time Pius the fourth before called Iohannes Angelus borne at Millaine of the house of Medices enioyed the place fiue yeeres eleuen months and fifteene dayes in the raignes of Ferdinando and Max. Emperours and dyed anno Domini 1565. Pius the 5. borne at Alexandria succeeded him sate in the Sea 6. yeares Gregory the 13. before called Hugo of Bononia swayed Popedome 13. yeares in the time of Maximilian and Rodolphus Sixtus the 5. borne at Millaine liued in the place 5. yeres 4. moneths by his means one Clement a Iacobine Fryer killed the most Christian King of France Henry the third Vrbanus the 7 possessed the place 13. days Gregory the 14. ten moneths ten dayes Innocentius the 9. two moneths after these anno Dom. 1592. Clement the 8. was elected Pope who at this day enioyeth the place Of Warre There is but one iust title of warre ingenerall that is necessity according to the old saying nulium bellum iustum nisi necessarium which is iust and necessary two wayes the one is in defence of the innocent the other is in reuenge of iniuries THE continuall warrs which the Sicilians had made them like sauage beasts Plut. The Aeolians intending to ayd the Argiueâ— in their warre Archidamus writ to them in a letter onely these words quietnes is good Silla for his victories against Mithridates let out fiue ounces of the blood of his vain Cardiaca and offered it to Iupiter Capitolinus Plutarch The Romaines were 500. yeares in conquering Italy The Oracle of Apollo aunswered those oâ— Cyrrha that if they would liue in peace at home they should make warre with theyr neighbour strangers the Romains when they had none to wage warre with fell to ciuill dissentions which was their ouerthrow Caesar noted two great faults in Pompey the one when hee had the better of him and did not follow his fortune the other when in the last battaile at Pharsalia he charged his Souldiours beeing ranged to stand still in theyr places whereby he was ouerthrowne Appian Hanibal neuer fought any battaile without laying some ambush Traian was neuer vanquished because he neuer vndertooke warre without iust cause the same Liuius wryteth of the Romaines in his first Decad. The Romaines out of their Country were inuincible they were euer assaylants and sildome times defendants Eutropius There is a people in Germany called Catti whose strength consisteth in theyr footmen others goe to skirmish and the Catti to war Tacitus The Lacedemonians of all people in peace and warre were most valiant being in the beginning more then men but in the end lesse â—hen women Frenchmen loosing the first encounter â—oose also the victory Liuius C. Marius neuer gaue his enemies occasion to force him to fight Darius against Alexander Pompey against Caesar Haniball against Scipio Antonius against Augustus Mithridates against Sylâ—a had greater forces without comparison â—hen their enemies and yet were ouercome Fredericus Oenobarbus when he had ouerâ—hrowne Millaine sowed salt there and harâ—owed it thereby to shew that the same Citty was brought to vtter destruction If there be any fault committed generally 〈◊〉 all the Souldiours in the campe the Prinâ—es of the hoast take the tenth of the mulâ—â—tude that by the punishment of a few the rest may be assoiled Plutarch F. Max. sent to Rome to the Senate 〈◊〉 money to redeeme his Souldiers which Hâ—â—nibal had taken prisoners and beeing denâ—â— thereof commaunded his Son to sell all 〈◊〉 lands bring money for their ransome Three hundred Noblemen of the house the Fabij tooke vppon them alone to waâ— battaile against the Vientines Liuius C. Marius refused those Souldiers who 〈◊〉 not sixe feete or at the least fiue a halfe 〈◊〉 height Vigetius Pyrrhus charged his Muster-maysters 〈◊〉 choose them that were of large stature 〈◊〉 said he will make them valiant Idem P. Aemilius to auoide the sunne that shine in the face of his hoast was so long in raÌ„ginâ— his Army that by the time the battailes sholâ— ioyne the sunne was vpon his back Mariuâ— vsed the like pollicy against the Cymbrianâ— and Augustus against the Flemings Polemon to make his Souldiers fiercer 〈◊〉 assailing the Lacedemonians cast his colouâ— into the midst of his enemies where-vpoâ— they pressed with great violence esteeming 〈◊〉 great shame to abandon of their Ancient Eumolphus for that he feared a famine 〈◊〉 his prouision for the which his Souldiouâ— â—â—oned him to death Xenephon was very curious in his prouiâ—â—on of Martiall furniture hee had an Argoliâ—n target an Athenian breast-plate a Beoâ—an head-peece he was a Philosopher and a â—aptaine Titus the
banishment then by talk openly to beseech fauour or forgiuenesse at the hands of the Athenians Nero after hee had killed his mother confessed that vvhilst he slept he vvas troubled by her and tormented vvith the sight of Furies Cor. Tacitus A souldiour that fled whom Epaminondas that famous Thebane General pursued in returning backe slew him Niceas the generall Captaine of the Athenians through the feare which he had conceiued of the darknesse of an ecclips of the Moone and not knovving the cause thereof stayed so long determining vvith hymselfe that his enemies enclosed him round about vvhere-vpon he vvas taken aliue and put to death besides forty thousand Athenians that vvere taken and slaine In the Citty of Sparta vvhich for Armes and Artes flourished most among the Grecians there vvas a Temple consecrated to feare vvhich they sayd better preserued the estate of the Common-vvealth then any other thing Claudius the Emperor vvas so faintharted base minded and blockish that his mother said often of him That nature had begun but not finished him Agamemnon dispensed with a rich coward for going to vvarre personally for a Marâ— vvhich he gaue him Homer M. Aurelius vvas so farre from fearing hys subiects that he had neither gard nor porter in his Court. Of Ingratitude Vnder this monster haue all vices vvith a curse beene comprehended omnia dixeris si ingratum dixeris most rightly figured in swine who eate the Acorns but neuer looke vp to the tree SOcrates beeing pronounced by the Oracle of Apollo to bee the vvisest man in all Greece vvas poysoned for his religious care hee had in bringing vp the youth of Athence The Syracusans banished Dion by vvhosâ— vvisedome and valour they recouered theyâ— liberty and being afterward repealed they killed him Anthony in the time of Vespasian after alâ— his seruice against the Vitellians and after hâ— had recouered Rome vvas suspected by Mutianus brought to Rome without authoritie and visiting Vespasian in Asia hee was so coldly entertained that hee dyed shortlie after Philip the French-king put one of hys souldiours out of pay because hee was vnthankfull and caused him to bee marked in the fore-head with the vvord vnthankfull The ingratitude of the Romaines tovvard Scipio vvas by reason of the conceiued suspect of his fortunes the suddainenes of hys expedition and the greatnes of his enemies Plutarch Plato that princely Phylosopher called Aristotle a Mule because a Mule vvhen hee hath suckt his fill and hath enough of hys Dammes milke casteth vp his heeles and kicks vnkindly by this hee signified the ingratitude and vnthankfull nature of Aristotle for hee hauing receiued his Phylosophy from Plato disdained his Maister and in despight gathered an assembly and planted a Schoole Laertius The Athenians greatly commended thankfulnesse yet no Nation was more vnthankfull then themselues Caesar vvhen hee had ouercome Pompey at Pharsalia gaue great charge to his Captaines that in any wise they should saue Brutus but hee afterwarde like an vngratefull person vvas the chiefest of the conspirators Appian Laena vvho by Ciceros helpe had been saued from death pulled his heade out of the Litter and cutte it off hauing three stroaks making three vvoundes for vvant of cunning He cut off his hand also with which he wrote against Anthonie Idem The noble King Seleucus vvas kylled by Ptolomey Ceraunus whom hee had saued from the fury of his Father which vvoulde haue murdered him Craesus beeing releeued before hee came to his kingdome by one Pamphaes aftervvard in token that he had not forgotten this good turne he sent him a chariot full of siluer Darius when he was not superiour to a priuate man receiuing a rich robe of Solon for a giâ—t after that hee was confirmed in the throne royall he recompenced his curtesie committing vnto him the gouernment anâ— iurisdiction of the country of Samos Pyrrhus was exceedingly grieued for thâ— death of a friend who dyed before hee haâ— requited his many fauours The Romaines gaue him intelligence of a treason intended against him who to shevve himselfe thankfull sent backe vnto them a number of prisoners and vvould receiue no raunsome An Arabian Turke Admirall of the Infidels in their warre against Baldvvin King of Ierusalem vvas with his vvife and children taken prisoners whom the king set free in lue whereof he went by night and tolde him of the purpose of his companions and led him out of the towne from danger Cato the elder solde his old seruaunts that had serued him a long time in the market as wee vse to sell beastes a foule blot in so famous a man Solon for all the good desarts of his country was banished from thence and constrained to end his life at Cyprus Valerius Of Treason The enemy to loyaltie is Treason a thing of â—ll others most odious to God and among men â—east prosperous as by the euents appeare TArpeia for loue of gold dyd betray the Capitoll of Rome vnto Tatius King of the Sabines but vvith the golde receiued her deaths vvound Liuius Antigonus made much of those Traytors that went about to pleasure him but hauing once obtained his purpose he rewarded the vvith death A Schoole-maister among the Phalerians hauing the bringing vp of all the noble youth in the Citty betrayed them to Camillus hoping thereby to get reward fauour of the Romaines but Camillus disdaining his treason caused him to be stript and his handes bound behind him and gaue his schollers rodds and vvhyps to beate him home to the Citty Plutarch Fabritius sent Pyrrhus vvord of his trayterous Phisitian Plut. Lyciscus rotted aboue the ground for hys treasons against the Orchomenians The Embassadors that come to the Emperour of Tartary before they deliuer theyâ— message must of force passe betvveen tvvo fiers onely for this cause that if they bring any poyson by the force of the flames it may kill themselues The Athenians woulde suffer none to bee buried that were traytors to theyr country Bessus for his trayterous murdering of Darius vvas adiudged by Alexander to bee torne in sunder with two trees bowed downe together by maine strength one against the other vnto which his body vvas fastened Curtius Lasthenes hauing holpen King Philip to become maister of Olynthus whereof hee was an inhabitant complained to the King that certaine called him traytor but hee receiued this onely aunswere that the Macedonians were naturally rude grosse calling a Spade a Spade and all thinges else by theyr proper name Darius caused the heade of his sonne Ariobarzanes to be cut off because hee sought to betray his Armie to Alexander Augustus with his own hands put out the eyes of one that vvas accused vnto him of treason Mahomet hauing taken Constantinople through the treason of Iohn Iustinian of Genua after he had made him king according to promise within 3. daies after cut off hys head Dioclesian the Emperour tooke an oath in the open assembly of the souldiours that Numerianus vvas not slaine by any his treason and
all good qualities bee inprinted which impression the Platonists 〈◊〉 Idaeas being nothing els but inward conception of things CArneades Archimedes were accounâ—ted as dead men when they were alyue forasmuch as their mindes beeing distracteâ— through earnestnes of contemplation the naturall action of their bodies seemed to cease and giue ouer the one forgetfull to reach his hand to the dish being at meat the other not knowing vvhat the matter meant when the towne of Siracusa was taken wherin he liued Laertius Socrates vvas seene studying a whole day continuing the space of 24. howres in contemplation and discoursing in his minde which was vvhen hee drew out this conclusion out of his thoughts that there was bâ—t one onely God and that the soule was immortall Mison the Phylosopher liued altogether a contemplatiue and solitary life vvho vvhen one by chaunce met him laughing to hymselfe and demaunding the cause vvhy hee laughed hauing no company aunsvvered Euen therefore doe I laugh because I haue 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 company with me Laertius Scipio was neuer lesse alone then when he â—ad no company and Tully when hee was â—hought to haue beene idle studied most Cicero Democritus plucked out his eyes because â—he pleasures of this world should not draw â—im from contemplation S. Bernard a most excellent man for learâ—ing and holines gotte all his knowledge wherein hee excelled all other of his time 〈◊〉 the woods fields not by the instruction â—f man but by contemplation prayer Saint Augustine wryteth of himselfe that 〈◊〉 this sort hee vnderstoode Aristotles prediâ—aments which are accounted amongst the â—ardest things and also the liberall Sciences â—nd no man taught him The Hare the Pellican and the Swan liue â—olitarily the last is merry at her death in â—ope to see shortly her beloued Apollo Plato Hiero the tyrant of Syracusa gaue ouer his â—ingdom liued a solitary life Craesus after the death of his son Adrastus â—â—ued in contemplation Herod Ierome Petrus Diamanus Caelestinus â—orsaking the world betooke them to solitaâ—â—nes of life Timon of Athence was so giuen to solitarâ—â—nes and melancholly that he hated the 〈◊〉 of all men and therefore was called Mâ—â—santhropos he vsed and employed all his 〈◊〉 to perswade his Countrimen to shorten the lifes hauing set vp Iibbets in a field which hâ— bought for them that were disposed to hanâ— themselues Plut. Anthony dispairing of his fortunes builde him an house in the Sea at the Lanteme and ramped it about seperating himself from the company of men protesting to follow Timon calling his house Timonion or Timons Tabernacle Appian Tresilaus ouercome with a melancholly passion perswaded himselfe to be the righâ— honour of all the great Nauy that ariued aâ— the port Pyreus of which humour when he by Phisitions was throughly purged hee cursed them saying That they had robbed 〈◊〉 of his pleasure and wealth The Emperour Lotharius pricked in conscience for his euill committed agaynst 〈◊〉 Father Lodouicus Pius resigned his Empire and spent the remainder of his life intâ— monastry Appian wryteth of a solitary way by the people Sapaei which for the solitarines the very birds could not discouer by which Bruâ—us being distressed and afrayde was guided by Roscopolis who perswaded him to goe that way Appianus Of Agriculture Agriculture or husbandry tooke beginning 〈◊〉 our forefather Adams fall and since in euery succeeding Age hath beene highlie esteemed whose companion is Labour the true handmayd of vertue The vpholders of this Art as the Poets write were the last that waxed wicked and Iustice forsaking the earth left her last foot-steps amongst husbandmen THis was so honored in old time that euen the Romaine Emperours and mightie Kings and Potentates haue not beene ashamed to exercise it Dioclesian left his Empire at Salona and Attalus likewise to labour in this Art Cyrus set planted and grafted trees with his owne hands checker wise So did Seneca Planetrees From the honour of the earth and husbandry the noble sirnames of Fabij Lentuli Cicerones Pisones haue beene denominate Cor. Ag. From the breeding and feeding of Cattell the Iunij Bubuli Tauri Statilij Pomponij Vituli Vitellij Porcij Catones Annij tooke their better names Romulus and Remus Romes first founders were sheepeheards Apollo Mercury Pan Abell Abraham Iacob Moyses Dauid were sheepheards The Gardens of Adonis Alcinous Tantalus Hesperides were subiects for the finest Poets Semyramis had goodly flowers hanging in the ayre and Massinissa strange and famous garnished Gardens to the wonder of Affricke Tarquinius in the time of that first olde Rome walked pleasantly in his Garden and cropping the tops of Poppy Liuius Lucullus after his victories obtayned in Asia tooke his recreation in Gardens Sylla forsaking his Dictatorship spent the remainder of his life in gardening VVhen the Romaines would commend any man they vsed to call him a good man a good husband insomuch as the Senatorâ— themselues liued in the Country at occasions were by Purseuants called to the citty Quintius Cincinatus and others were called from the plough to be Dictators King Agis one day requested the Oracle of Apollo to tell him who was the happiest man in the world who aunswered One Aglaion be knowne of the Gods and vnknowne of men and making search for him throughout all Greece found at length that it was a pore gardener in Arcadia who 60. yeares olde neuer went from home keeping himselfe with his onely labour in his Garden Liuius M. Cato Censorius was as ready and apt to learning as to warres to matters concerning the field as the Citty and also to the exercise of husbandry Hee was the most excellent husbandman of his time and was the first amongst the Romians that gathered the precepts of husbandry and brought them into the forme of â—n Art Petrarch Quintius Cincinnatus while hee was eaâ—ing his foure Acres of land by decree of the Senate people of Rome was chosen Dicâ—ator Florus Abdolominus at the commaundement or rather permission of Alexander from a â—oore Gardener was aduaunced vnto the kingdome Sidon and by contemning the kingdom was reputed greater then the kingdome C. Marius was an hireling ploughman and spent the first yeares of his lyfe in the fields but afterwards was seauen times Consull oâ— Rome The plesure that Lucanus had in this world was nothing else but a little Garden when he died he coÌ„maunded his graue to be made in it where he was buried Of Pouerty This burden whether it come by birth or some sinister chaunce is or ought to bee a meanes to bring man to a ready knowledge of himselfe anâ— by this to a more neere knowledge of God who sometime sendeth it as a tryall other-while as â— punishment to the godly first the burden is light to the repining punished intollerable who loose the benefit thereof by their impatience and murmuring ARistides sirnamed the iust beeing very poore was chosen to leauie and gather the trybute before all the rich men in Athence VVhilst
flying foules Mulcasses king of Thunis after he was deâ—riued of his kingdome in his returne out of Almaigne being without hope that the Emperour Charles the fift vvould helpe him at â—ll hee spent one hundred crownes vpon a Peacock dressed for him P. Iouius Maximilian the Emperour deuoured in one day forty pounds of flesh and drunke an â—ogshead of vvine Geta the Emperour for three dayes together continued his feastiual and his delicates vvere brought in by the order of the Alphabet Astydamas beeing inuited by Ariobarzaâ—es to a banquet eate vp al that alone which vvas prouided for diuers guests Vopisc There vvas a contention betweene Hercules and Lepreas vvhich of them both should first deuoure an Oxe in which attempt Lepreas vvas ouer-come afterwards hee chalenged him for drinking but Hercules vvas his maister Aelianus Aglais vvhose practise was to sounde the trumpet deuoured at euery meale tvvelue poundes of flesh with as much bread as tvvo bushels of wheate vvould make and three gallons of vvine Philoxenes a notorious glutton vvished he had a necke like a Crane that the svveetâ— meate vvhich he eate might bee long in going downe Rauisius Lucullus at a solemne and costly feast he made to certaine Embassadors of Asia aâ—mong other things he did eate a Griph boiâ—led and a Goose in paste Macrob. Salust in his inuectiue against Cicero aâ—mongst many graue matters vvhereof he accused him he spake of his wanton excesse as hauing poudred meats from Sardinia anâ— wines from Spayne Lucullus tooke great paynes himselfe iâ— furnishing of a feast and when he was askeâ— vvhy he was so curious in setting out a banâ—quet hee aunswered That there was as greaâ— discretion to be vsed in marshalling of a feast 〈◊〉 in the ordering of a battaile that the one mighâ— be terrible to his enemies and the other acceptable to his friends Plut. In Rhodes they that loue fish are accounted right curteous and free-harted men buâ— he that delighteth more in flesh is ill though of and to his great shame is reputed a bond slaue to his belly Aelianus Sergius Galba was a deuouring and glutâ—tonous Emperour for he caused at one banquet 7. thousand byrds to be killed Suet. Xerxes hauing tasted of the figges of Aâ—hence sware by his Gods that hee vvoulde â—ate no other all his life after and went forthâ—vith to prepare an Army to conquer Greâ—ia for no other cause but to fill his belly full of the figges of that Country Plut. Plato returning out of Sicill into Greece told his schollers that he had seen a monster meaning Dionisius because hee vsed to eate â—wice a day Idem Aristotle mocking the Epicures sayd that â—pon a time they vvent all into a temple together beseeching the Gods that they wold gyue them necks as long as Cranes and Heâ—ons that the pleasures and tastes of meates might be more long complayning against Nature for making their necks too short The Sicilians dedicated a Temple to Glutâ—ony and erected images to Bacchus Ceâ—es the God and goddesse of vvine corne Pausanias M. Manlius in times past made a booke of diuers vvayes hovv to dresse meate and another of the tastes sauces and diuers meanes of seruices vvhich were no sooner published but by the decree of the Senate they were burned and if hee had not fled speedily â—nto Asia he had been burned with them There was a lawe in Rome called Fabia bâ— which it was prohibited that no man shoulâ— dispend in the greatest feast hee made abouâ— an hundred Sexterces Aul. Gellius The law Licinia forbad all kindes of sauce at feastes because they prouoke appetite are cause of great expence Idem The lawe Ancia charged the Romaines tâ— learne all kinde of sciences but cookerie The law Iulia vvas that none should bee 〈◊〉 hardie as to shutte theyr gates vvhen theâ— vvere at dinner that the Censors of the Citâ—tie might haue easie accesse into theyr houâ—ses at that time to see if their ordinary werâ— according to their ability Macrob. Nisaeus a tyrant of Syracuse vvhen he vnderstood by his Soothsayers that he had noâ— long to liue the little time hee had left heâ— spent in belly-cheere and drunkennesse anâ— so dyed Rauisius Mar. Anthonius set foorth a booke of hyâ— drunkennesse in which hee prooued thosâ— prancks he played when hee vvas ouercomâ— with vvine to be good and lawfull Plut. Darius had written vpon his graue thys inâ—scription I could drinke good store of wine beare it well Rauisius Ptolomey vvho in mockery vvas calleâ— Philopater because hee put to death his Father and mother through wine and women dyed like a beast Valer. Lacydes a Phylosopher by too much drinking fell into a palsie whereof he dyed Aruntius a Romaine beeing drunken deflowred his own daughter Medullina whom she forthwith killed Plutarch Tiberius Caesar vvas preferred to a Pretorshyp because of his excellencie in drinking Diotimus was sirnamed Funnell or Tunnell because he gulped downe wine through the channell of his throate vvhich was powred into a Funnell the end whereof was put into his mouth vvithout interspiration betweene gulpes Rauisius In the feast of Bacchus a crowne of golde vvas appoynted for him that coulde drinke more then the rest Agron the King of Illyrium fell into a sicknesse of the sides called the Plurisie by reason of his excessiue drinking and at last died thereof Cleio a vvoman was so practised in drinking that shee durst challenge all men and vvomen what soeuer to try maisteries who could drinke most and ouercome all Cleomenes king of Lacedemonia beeing disposed to carouse after the manner of the Scythians dranke so much that hee became and continued euer after sencelesse Cyrillus sonne in his drunkennes wickedly slevv that holy man his father his mother great with child he hurt his two sisters and deflowred one of them August Androcides a Gentleman of Greece hearing of Alexanders excesse in drunkennesse vvrote a letter to him wherein was a Tablet of gold with these words thereon ingrauen Remember Alexander when thou drinkest wine that thou doost drinke the blood of the earth Those of Gallia Transalpina vnderstanding that the Italians had planted Vines in Italy came to conquer theyr Countrey so that if they had neuer planted Vines the French-men had not destroyed the Countrey Liuius Foure old Lombards being at banquet together the one dranke an health rounde to the others yeeres in the end they challenged two to two and after each man had declared how many yeeres old he was the one dranke as many times as he had yeeres and likewise his companion pledged him the one vvas 58. the second 63. the third 87. the last 92. so that a man knoweth not vvhat they did eate or drinke but he that dranke least dranke 58. cups of vvine P. Diaconus Of thys euill custome came the lawe that the Gothes made that is VVee ordaine and commaund vppon paine of death that no olde men vpon payne of death shoulde drinke to one anothers health at the
table Idem Of Lechery This bewitching euill beeing an vnbrideled appetite in whomsoeuer it raigneth killeth all good motions of the minde altereth dryeth weakeneth the body shortning lyfe diminishing memory and vnderstanding CYrena a notorious strumpet vvas sirnamed Dode camechana for that shee inuented and found out tvvelue seuerall waies of beastly pleasure Cor. Arip Proculeius the Emperour of an hundred Sarmatian virgins he tooke captiue he deflowred tenne the first night and all the rest vvithin fifteene dayes after Hercules in one night deflowred fiftie Theophrastus writeth of an Indian hearbe vvhich who so eateth is able to performe 70. seuerall actions Iohannes á Casa Archbishop of Beneuento and Legate in Venice vvrit a booke in praise of the abhominable vice of Sodomitrie Sigismond Malatesta striued to haue carnall knowledge of his sonne Robert vvho thrusting his dagger into his fathers bosom reuenged his wickednes Cleopatra had the vse of her brother Ptolomeus company as of her husbands Antiochus stayed a whole vvinter in Chalcidea for one mayde which he there fancied Lust vvas the cause of the vvarres between the Romaines and the Sabines Liuius Thalesthis Queene of the Amazons came 25. dayes iourney to lie vvith Alexander Iustinus Adultery in Germany is neuer pardoned Tacitus Messalina and Popilia vvere so incontinent that they coÌ„tended vvith most shamefull harlots prostrating themselues without respect of time place or company to any though neuer so base Plut. Claudius deflowred his owne sisters and Semiramis burned in beastly lust tovvards her sonne Ninus Nero caused Atticus a Romaine Consull to be slayne that hee might the more conueniently enioy the company of his wife Corn. Tacitus Commodus not contented with his three hundred Concubines coÌ„mitted incest vvith his owne sisters Herodian Caligula dyd the like but the one vvas slaine by his vvife the other by his Concubine Adultery was the cause of the first alteration of the Citty of Rome Eutrop. Sempronia a vvoman well learned in the Greeke and Sappho no lesse famous defended luxurie and lust by their writings Cleopatra inuited Anthony to a banquet in the prouince of Bithinia in the vvood Sesthem where at one instance of threescore young virgines fiftie and fiue were made mothers Cleophis a Queene of India saued her kingdome and subiects from destruction by a nights lodging with Alexander by whom she had a sonne called Alexander vvho was afterward King of India shee was euer after called Scortum Reginum Iustine Heliogabalus not onely deflowred but also married a virgine Vestall saying it vvas reason that Priests shoulde marry Nunnes because that in times past hee had beene Priest of the Sunne Iane Queene of Naples was hanged vp for her aduoutry in the very same place vvhere shee had hanged her husband Andreas afore because he was not as shee sayd able to satisfie her beastly desire Feron King of Egypt had beene blind 10. yeeres and in the eleuenth the Oracle told hym that he should recouer his sight if hee washed his eyes in the vvater of a vvoman vvhich neuer had to doe with any but her husband vvhereupon hee first made tryall of his owne vvife but that dyd him no good after of infinite others which did him all as little saue onely one by whom hee recouered his sight and then hee put all the rest to death Herodot Iulia the daughter of Augustus vvas so immodest shamelesse and vnchast that the Emperour was neuer able to reclaime her and vvhen shee was admonished to forsake her bad kinde of lyfe and to follow chastitie as her Father dyd shee aunswered That her Father forgotte that hee was Caesar but as for herselfe shee knew well enough that shee was Caesars daughter Cornelius Gallus and Q. Elerius tvvo Romaine Knights dyed in the very action of theyr filthy lust Plinie Arichbertus eldest sonne vnto Lotharius King of Fraunce dyed euen as hee was embracing his whores Alcibiades was burned in his bed with hys Curtezan Timandra Plut. The Egyptians punishments against adultery was to cut of the nose of the vvoman and the priuie parts of the man Alexander when a woman was brought to him one euening demaunded of her vvhy shee came so late she aunswered that shee stayed vntill her husband was gone to bed VVhich he no sooner heard but he sent her away being angry with theÌ„ that had almost made him commit adultery He was angry with Cassander because hee would by force kisse a minstrels maid Rodolphus King of Lombardie beeing taken in adultery was slaine by the vvomans husband whom he abused Roderigo King of Spayne was depriued of his kingdome life by the Sarazins who vvere called in by an Earle called Iulian that he might be auenged of the king for forcing his daughter Caelius Rhodoginus in his 11. booke of antiquities telleth of a certain man that the more he vvas beaten the more he feruently desired vvomen The vvidowe of the Emperour Sigismund intending to marry againe one perswaded her to spende the remainder of her life after the manner of the Turtle-Doue who hath but one make If you counsell mee quoth shee to followe the example of byrds why doe you not tell me of Pidgions Sparrowes which after the death of their makes doe ordinarilie couple themselues with the next they meet Hiero King of Syracusa banished the Poet Epicharmus for speaking vvantonly before his vvife and that very iustly for hys vvife vvas a true mirrour of chastitie Sulpitius Gallus put away his wife by deuorce because shee went abroad vnmasked Pompey caused one of his souldiers eyes to be put out in Spaine for thrusting his hand vnder a womans garment that was a Spanyard and for the like offence did Sertorius commaund a footeman of his band to be cut in peeces Sabellicus If Caracalla had not seene his mothers thigh he had not married her Suetonius Speusippus the Phylosopher one of Platoes followers vvas slaine for his adulterie Tertullianus Tigellinus dyed amongst his Concubines Tacitus Rodoaldus King of Lombardy was slaine with a certaine matrone euen in the action of their concupiscence Paulus Diaconus By the law of Moses adulterers were stoned with rigour which our law doth not obâ—erue for were it to bee so in these dayes wee should not finde stones enough to fulfill it A Nunne finding in her Booke at the bottome of the leafe these vvordes Bonum est omnia scire determined to try what the carnall copulation of man and woman might â—ee but turning ouer the leafe shee sawe in the beginning thereof Sed non vti vvhereâ—pon to her greefe shee altered her purpose and her ioy lasted but a while Rutilius Consull of Rome caused the temple of Lucina to bee burned because his daughter great with child made her vow and kept her 9. vigils and vpon more deuotion was desirous to bee deliuered in the temple The Persians would not shew their wiues vnto strangers Iosephus The Tarentines and the Capuans were very mortall ennemies by chaunce one one day in the campe of the
then other Angells Gregory He waxing proud against his Creatour lost his light and fairenes as he was worthy he got him a foule darke shape of Apostacy with him fell a multitude of Angells who by the permission of God change themselues into Angels of light to deceaue the world One wryteth pleasantly that hee is called Diabolus of Dia which in Greeke signifieth two and Boulos which is Morsus because he maketh but two bits of a man one of the body the other of the soule The euill Angell or spirit of Brutus appeared to him sitting in his tent whom he boldly asking what man or God hee was aunswered I am Brutus thy euill spirit and at Philippi I will meete thee agayne where hee dyed Plutarch Leuiathan tempteth with pride Mammon attempteth by auarice Asmodeus seduceth by leachery Beelzebub inciteth to enuy Baall Berith prouoketh to ire Belphegor moueth to gluttony Astorath perswadeth to sloth Of Hell Hell hath likewise diuers names Infernus Barathrum Tartarus Orcus c from the which there is no redemption PLuto the Sonne of Saturne and Ops is of the Poets faigned to bee the GOD of hell and riches hee vvas called Februus for certayne sacrifices for the dead offered to him in sted of a Scepter he hath in his hands keyes for that there is no returne from hell Proserpina the daughter of Ceres as shee was gathering flowers was stolne away by Pluto afterward called the Queene of hel and the dead Apollodorus The three Iudges in hell were Minos Aeacus and Rhadamanthus The three destinies Chotho Lachesis and Atropos were faigned to be the daughters of Iupiter Themis The furies of hell were called Eumenides Erimies with which the guilty consciences of men were tormented There are foure floods in hel Acheron Stix Cocptus and Phlegeton whose Ferriman was Charon and the Porter of hell it selfe three headed Cerberus The Elizian fieldes were faigned to be the place where the soules of the blessed remayned and the flood Laeche or of forgetfulnes where who so did drinke forgot whatsoeuer before they remembred FINIS A Table of all the speciall matters contained in this booke A. ABstinance vide temperance Accusation vide slaunder Adultery vide leachery Angels 4.37 Age 54 59. Arts 69.93 Armes 93 134.221 Arrogancy 112. vide pride Antiquities 147. Astronomy 151. Agriculture 234. Arithmatique 153. Astrology 156. Aristocratia 164. Archbishops of Rome 185. Apparell 93 43. Apparitions vide visions Ambition 189 vide pride Aduersities vide pouerty Auarice 45 vide couetousnes Authority 163. Anger vide wrath Auncestors 240. Aboundance 256. B. BEauty 75 29 Benefits 44 vide liberality Banishment 108 120 152. Bishops of Rome 185. Blessednes vide felicity Blasphemy 12. Blessing 107. Boasting vid. pride Bounty vide liberality Bookes 243. C. CHastity 78. Christ 1 106.139 Children 111 34. Captaines 49. Chiualry 151. Cardinals 156. Circles 6. Care vide sorrow Cruelty vide wrath Courage vide fortitude Clemency 41. Continency vide temperance chastity Content 29. Couetousnes 253 12. Constancy 63. Country 87. Common-wealth 87.148 Cruelty 12. Curiosity 2. Comaedians 93. Craft 120. Cosenage 120. Contemplation 232 139. Counsaile vide prudence Counsailours 147. Cursing 107. Colonies 148. Coronations 79. Confessours 190. Clergy 213. Curtesie vide clemency Cowardize vide feare D. DEath 237 30 33 154. Detraction 73 vide slander Delectation vide pleasure Dicing 93 155. Diligence 60 27. Dauncing 96 103. Desperation 266.117 Deuill 268.122 Deceite vide lying Dissimulation 13 120. Destinies 137 220. Dreames vide visions Diuination vide prophecie Democratia 164. Deuotion 189. Desire vide couetousnes Delight vide pleasure Drunkennes 83 vide gluttony Duarchie 164. E. EDucation 54. Earth 136. Elements 137. Ease vide sloth Eloquence 74 225. Enuy 246 41 73. Emulation 73 Empyre 164 172 Emperours 166 Electors 7 174 Empire of Turks 182 Equity vide Iustice Eruditory 39 Exercise vide labour F. FAme 221. Fortune 212 25. Faith 80. Fashions vide apparrell 140 Flatery 128. Felicity 219 131. Feare 124 23. Fortitude 33 Forgetfulnes vide memory Fooles 140. Faelix hownds 216. Furies vide hell 225. Friendship 66 21. Friends 48. G. GOD 1 13 14 51 111 149 Geometry 37 153. Gifts vide liberality Games 91. Gaming 93. Greefe vide sorrow Gods 141. Goddesses ibid. Grace 151. Gardens 234. Grammer 154. Gamsters hall 209. Gold 219. Gentlenes 245. Glory 223. Generall in warre vide warre Gluttony 258. H. HEauen 4 138. Hierarchies 4. Hemispheare 6. Hospitality 45. Honour 17 223. Humility 44 vide clemency Hope 56. History 113 151. Hipocrisie 120. Hell 269.141 Holy fire 146. Homage 151. Husbandry 152. Hawking 153. Happines vide felicity Hate vide enuy I. IEsus 1 3 22. Iustice 19 11 18 234. Iudges ibid. Imagination 37 Iealousie 73 Idolatry 120 144. Ignorance vide learning Iniury 217. Idlenes vide sloth Interest 239. Iniustice 120. Infamy vide fame Industry vide diligence Ingratitude 226. K. KIngs 11 162 11. Kingdome 163. Knowledge vide learning Knight 231. L. LAwes vide Iustice Learning 131 28.39.151 Labour vide diligence Lying 120 Lawyers 147 Liberality 12.41 Loue 69 Longing 104 Lechery 262. Lust ibid. M. MAN 1 25.138 Mariage 106.31 Magnanimity vide fortitude Memory 56.223 Mercy 15. vide clemency Money 152.240 Maiesty 161 Muses 87 Musicke 96.150 Monarchy 164 Monarchs 164 Magick 202 Martyrs 185 Murder vide wrath Melancholly 233 N. NAmes 229.137 151.238 Nature 93.226 Nauigation 153 Necessity 14.217 Necromancy 151 Negligence vide sloth Nobility vide fame O. OAths vide faith 124 Old age 60 Oracle 27.82.88.217 Orators 94 Opinion 136 Ostracisme 236. P. PAtience 51.161 Parents 111.34 Palingenesia 38 Philanthropia 41 Philosophy 30 Philosophers 40.131 236.140 Phisicke 243 Phisitions 33 Pitty 41 Perseuerance 63 Periury vide faith Pleasure 90 131 136 Perturbations 117 Planets 5 6 7 68 Pollicy vide prudence 218. Pouerty 235 Poore 47 49 Parasites vide flattery Peregrination 138 Poets 149 155 Prayer 13 233 Prudence 24 Prodigality 240 45. Promises 80 124. Purgatory 39 Prophecy 156.150 Peace 151 Pastorall Poems 152 Priests 156 Popes 185 157 Problemes 165 Pride 242 Persecution 250. Q. QValities 137 229 Questions 118.151 Quarrellers 139 Quietnes 139 217 R. REason 30 37 84 125 Religion 10 2 189 Riches 46 vid. fortune couetousnes Reuerency 117 Repentance vide sorrow Riddles 165 Remembrance vide memory Rulers vide maiesty S. SAints 39 Sadnes 117 Secrecy 65 vide silence Sences 40.28 84 Soule 37 137 Sicknes 29 Schoolemaisters 55 Schollers 57 Sciences 69 134 Silence 84. Sinne 102 136. Satyres 151 Seruants 227 Slaunder 125 Solitarines vide contemplation Sorrow 117 Starres 6 7 8 9· Souldiers 30.40 218 Subiects 4145 226 Suspition 73 South-saying vide prophecy T. TEmperance 28 78 Timocratia 164 Thanksgiuing 13 41 Time 51.136 Tongue 64.84.111.246 Theologe 156 Treasure vide couetousnes 113 Truth 2.120 Treason 228 Turks 182 Turkish monarchy 182.81 Tiranny vide wrath Tyrants 40.65 90. V. VIctory 92.218 Vertue 17. Visions 156 Vowes vide faith Vnderstanding 37.84 Vsury 239 VV. WIsedome 24. vide prudence 138. VVisemen 26.28 VVine 30. vide gluttony VVit 56.37 VVorld 10.137.139 VVomen 101 36.134.244 VVife 73.84.118 VViddowes 105. VVarre 217. VVrath 249. Y. YOuth 54.96 Yeare 153. Z. ZElotypia 73. Zodiacke 6 151. FINIS Faults escaped in the Printing IN fol. 71 reade Ouid dyed in persecution In fol. 82. for King of S. Paul reade Earle In fol. 198. for Posphory reade Porphory In fol 197. for denied deuised In fol. 241. for righteousnes riotousnes In fol. 258. for opirations opilations In fol. 263. for Reginum Regium In fol. 268. for monite moniti In fol. 269. for Chotho Clotho In fol. for 269. Erimies Erinnies In fol. 269 for Cocptus Cocytus In fol. 269 for Laeche reade Laethe
building it would sodainlay fall Silenus Chilo of Lacedemon maintained that man by reason might comprehend the foreknowledge of things to come by the might power of his manhood Cyrus was of opinion that no man was fit for an Empire except he did excell those ouer whom he bare rule Xenophon Alcibiades was of opinion that those men liue safest who doe gouerne their common-wealth without altering one whit their present customes and lawes albeit they be not altogether so good Thucidides Of Perigrination In this most commendable action two things are to be prâ—posed the profit and pleasure of trauaile the laâ—er we are too greedy of by nature the first which belongeth to the mind is bounded with prudence and good cariage which if it be neglected the other two are vnprofitable IAcob hauing gotten vvisedome by trauaile is sayd iâ— Genesis to haue had the sight of God because to the actiue life he had also ioyned the contemplatiue Plato after the death of his Maister Socrates made a voyage into Egypt and then into Italy to heare and conferre with the best learned of those Countries and to learne that which he knew not before Orpheus to seeke the misteries of the Aegiptians trauailed as farre as Memphis visiting all the Citties of the riuer Nilus Argonaut Pythagoras visited the Aegiptians Arabians and Chaldeans and went also into Iury and dwelt a long time at Mount Carmell Strabo Saba came froÌ„ Aethiopia the farthest part of the world to heare Salomons wisdom Cornelia a noble woman of Rome trauailed to Palestina to heare S. Ierome â—each the Christians Thalestris Queene of the Amazons came from Scythia vnto Hircania with three hundred thousand women to lye â—ith Alexander 30. dayes to haue a child by him Gueuara Chronocler to Charles the first writeth that from forraine Countries men commonly bring newes to prattle of and strange customes to practise and that few come out of Italy that are not absolute and dissolute Lycurgus by his lawes commaunded the Lacedemonians not to goe out of their own Country nor to conuerse with strangers saying That although by theyr traffique with them they might bee enriched yet on the other side they would grow poore in regard of their owne vertues Democritus Abderita trauailed into many Lands and Countries being 80. yeares old only for the study of Philosophy he ventured into Chaldea and entered into Babilon at last hee came amongst the Magitians and Gymnosophists of India Olaus The Scythians trauaile onely in the Coasts of their owne Country but Anacharsis furnished with wisedom and knowledge aduentered further a greater way for he came into Graecia was highly esteemed of Solon Osyris King of Aegipt trauailed the greatest part of the world that hee might haue written vpon his toombe Heere lyeth Osyris King of Aegipt the eldest sonne of Saturne that left no part of the world vnsearched Diodorus Cheremon a Stoicke Phylosopher by the starre that appeared at Christes death iudging the same to be ominous to the Gods he worshipped trauailed into Iury with certaine Astrologers to seeke the true God Fabius the Consull in 70. yeares which he liued departed not once from his village of Regio to goe to Messana which was but two miles off by water Apollonius trauailed ouer the three parts of the world to see and conferre with all the skilfull men of his age and beeing returned with wonderfull knowledge he distributed his riches amongst his kindsfolkes and the poore and liued euer after in contemplation Philostratus The same hauing trauailed Asia Africa Europa sayd that of two things he meruailed most in all the world the first was that he alwayes saw the proude man commaund the humble the quarrailous the quiet the tyrant the iust the coward the hardy the ignorant the skilfull the greatest theeues hang the innocent P. Seruilius was the first Romaine that made any voyage to Taurus from whence when he returned he triumphed and merited the name to be called Isauricus Anaxagoras trauailed from Greece into Aegipt vnto Persia and Chaldea and to diuers other Countries for knowledge sake Vlisses in his pilgrimage was wise learning Phisicke of Aeolus of Circes Magicke and Astronomy of Calipso Phylosophers when they were yong studied wheÌ„ they came to be men they trauailed and when they were old they returned home and writ The Persians if any of their Countrey did imitate the behauiour of strangers and so trouble common orders he should therfore dye Lycurgus caried the whole body of Homers Poetry into Greece out of Ionia in his voyage and perigrination Appollonius in his trauailes found a table of fine golde called The table of the Sunne wherein all the world was portraied Not euer to haue seene Asia is praise woorthy but to haue liued temperatly in Asia is highly to be commended Cicero Anacharsis was put to death for that by his trauailes he had learned strange fashions and conditions which he sought to ground in his owne Country Herodotus The Hebrewes called theyr Aduersaries Allophilos that is of a strange Cuntry Amb. Fooles in old time trauailed to see Choraebus tombe The Lacedemonians vvere so great enemies to nouelties in theyr common-wealth that they neither permitted strangers to enter or theyr people to wander into straunge Countries doubting to be intangled vvith new fashions and customes Certaine studious persons of the Gaules and Spaniardes went from theyr natiue Countries with tedious iourneyes towards Rome personally to beholde the Oratour and Historiographer Titus Liuius Philostratus The Athenians put theyr Embassadours whom they sent into Arcadia to death because they went not that way which was coÌ„maunded but a contrary Apollonius Thyaneus who had trauailed the greatest part of the vvorld being asked of a Priest at Ephesus what thing hee wondered at in all this vvorlde aunswered I let thee know Priest of Diana that I haue beene through Fraunce England Spayne Germany through the Laces and Lydians Hebrewes and Greekes Parths and Medes Phrygians and Corinthians Persians and aboue all in the great Realme of India for that alone is more woorth then all the Realmes together Alexander at what time he had ouercome Darius in a place called Arbellis demaunâ—ed of his Noble-men the safest way into Aeâ—ipt but none could tell a certaine Merâ—hant who had beene a great trauailer promised in three dayes iourney to bring him safe into Aegipt which Alexander at the first not beleeuing in the end found true Lucianus Of Gods Goddesses The Auntients deuided their fayned Deities into three powers of heauen earth and water the first were the disposers and directors of mens actions some ruled the ayrie Regions others raigned in hell and punished offendours and some were Gods of the mountaines some of shepheards some of husbandry and some of woods the last sort were Gods of the Sea some of floods others of riuers and some of springs and fountaines SAturne was the sonne of King Caelius and Vesta brother to Titan who at the perswasion of his mother and Ops
and Ceres his sisters much mislyking that one so rude as Titan should ascende to the succession of Caelius crowne gaue the kingdome to Saturne his younger brother vnder this couenant notwithstanding that he should slay alâ— his male children to the end the issue of Titan might after Saturnes death repossesse the kingdome Saturnes wife and sister Ops brought foorth a sonne which hee caused to be slaine after this shee was deliuered of a daughter and a sonne Iupiter and Iuno who desirous to saue the life of his sonne gaue him to her mother Vesta and presented only the daughter to Saturne After this contrary to the knowledge of Saturne shee brought forth an other sonne called Neptune and at another birth Pluto and Glauca but she onely shewed the daughter Titan vnderstanding that Saturne had broken promise with him with the forces of the Titanois his children inuaded Saturne imprisoned him and his wife Ops which Iupiter hauing knowledge of being a valiant Prince and ayded with the Coribantes amongst whoÌ„ he was trayned ouercame Titan and deliuered his Parents Of this warre came the fable of the warres of the Giants Saturne forwarned by the Oracle to take â—eede of Iupiter his sonne for that hee had â—â—tention to kill him and expulse him his â—ingdome deuised to destroy him who vnâ—erstanding his coÌ„spiracies came with a great â—rmy and vanquished his Father Saturne fled into Italy and there taught the people to plant and sow and manure theyr earth in recompence whereof hauing liued before with roots and wild fruits they honored him as a God Iupiter maried his sister Iuno and conquered many Countries not so much by power as pollicy and for his wisedome ordayning of lawes inuention of arts profitable for mans life he was worshipped as a God to whom those Princes he ouercame erected temples thereto inioyned by him for the better establishment of his deuine honour The brethren of Iupiter Neptunus and Pluto summoned him to partition of his patrimony where-vnto he agreed and deuiding the kingdome by lot the vvest part fell to Pluto the Iles and banks of the Sea happened to the portion of Neptune and to Iupiteâ— all the confines of the East Of this partition sprung the fiction of the Poets calling Neptune the God of the Seas and Pluto God infernall or dis pater for that the vvest or falling of the sunne is more dark and cloudy and more base and low then the East Heere grew also the first fiction that Iupiter chased his Father into hell for that Italy where Saturne was retired standeth vvest in respect of Candia and is more darke The Poets faigned that the firmament or heauen fell to the part of Iupiter the rather for that hee remayned for the most part since that partition in the mount Olympus in Thesalia vvhich the Greekes called heauen Iuno the daughter of Saturne vvas the sister and wife of Iupiter borne at Argos some write at Samos the Goddesse of marriage and therefore called Pronuba likewise Lucina for child-birth the Queene of riches and honour to whom the Pecocke is consecrated Vulcanus was the God of fire and sonne of Iuno vvhom Iupiter for his deformity cast from heauen into Lemnos where he was honoured Mars was faigned to be the God of warre and Iunoes sonne without the company of man he was also vvorshipped in Lemnos Apollo the God of vvisedome Musicke Phisicke Poetry and Shooting was borne of Iupiter and Latona brother to Diana he â—s called in heauen Sol in earth Liber pater iâ—â—ell Apollo he was worshipped at Delphos and renowned for his Oracles Venus vvyfe of Vulcan is faigned to bee borne of the froth of the Sea the Goddesse of loue beauty and all sensuall delights she was adored in Cyprus Cupid the sonne of Venus was paynted naked winged blind in his hand a bowe and at his backe a Quiuer of arrowes his companions are Dronkennesse Sloth Luxury Strife Hate and VVarre he was worshipped for the God of Loue. Mercurie vvas the Sonne of Iupiter and Maia the God of eloquence and merchandize and the messenger of the Gods holding a Caduceus in his hand Dionysius otherwise called Bacchus for that hee shewed the Indeans the vse of Grapes was honoured for a God Ceres first taught men hovve to plough sovve reape and grinde theyr Corne and therefore they helde her a Goddesse Plinie Diana for her chast lyfe vvas honoured for a Goddesse she continually exercâ—â—sed her selfe in hunting wild beasts in heaâ—uen she is called Luna in earth Diana in heâ— Proserpina Aeolus was faigned by the Poets to be thâ— God of the winds because the cloudes anâ— mists rising about the 7. Aeolian Ilands 〈◊〉 whom hee was King did alwayes portenâ— great store of winds Pallas was the Goddesse of wisedome anâ— all good Arts and Sciences borne of Iupiteâ—â— braine without a mother Nemesis the daughter of Oceanus and Nox called also Adrastea was the Goddesse of reuenge Berecynthia Rhea Tellus Vesta or Cybile was the mother of the Gods Pierides the nine Muses daughters of Iupiter and Mnemosyne dwelled in Helicon and were called the Goddesse of Poetry Musicke Momus was the carping God who neuer did any thing himselfe but curiously beheld the doings of other to carpe thereat Priapus the sonne of Bacchus and Venus the God of Gardens Pomoma the Goddesse of fruite Flora of flowers and Feronia of the woods Charites were the Graces in number three â—glaia Thalia Euphrosyne supposed to bee â—he daughters of Iupiter Venus Penates Lares were houshold Gods but â—ares for the harth and fire called by the â—ames of good and euill Angells also the â—reseruers of Townes and Citties Genius or Daimon the Panyms thought to â—e a good or euill Angell appoynted to each man to guide and defend or to punish them Fortune is faigned to dispose and change the good and euill haps of men the daughter of Oceanus or as Orpheus of the blood as a power not to be resisted shee is painted blind and drawne in a Coach with blind Horses vainly honored for a Goddesse Pan was the God of sheepheards of whom Duriâ— Samius writeth that hee was the sonne of Penelope whose wooers being so long delayed they all abused her and got vpon her Pan. Pales was the Goddesse of sheepheards Faunus sonne to Picus and father of Latinus was the Father of all the rurall Gods his Son Sterculius inuented the manuring coÌ„passing of grounds and therfore was deified Syluanus the God of vvoods loued Cyparissus who was turned by Apollo into a tree of his owne name in remembrance of 〈◊〉 Syluanus would alwayes beare a braunchâ— Cypres Ianus a King of Italy was a wise and proâ—â—â—dent Prince and therfore they pictured hiâ— with two faces he was called the God of â—â—â—terance whose temple gates in time of wanâ— was alwayes open and in peace shut vp Terminus was God of the bounds or seueâ—rall marks Libitina was a Goddesse in whose templâ— were sold all things pertaining to