in his owne person 2 In those that be vnder him and that 1 By making and establishing in his kingdome 1. Chron. 23. such good and wholsome lawes and orders as serue to maintaine and vphold the truth of religion 2. Chron. 25.1 to 9. Iudge 17.6 and to inhibite and to put downe all false religion and to keep out of his kingdome and dominion all confused mixture of religion and by seeing those lawes and orders duly executed 2 By prouiding as much as he may 2. King 9.1 2. King 22.14 Isai 49.23 2. Chron 19.8 9. 2. Chron. 31.2 that his subiects may be taught the truth of religion and instructed in the wayes of God to that end planting and maintaining schooles of good learning and Vniuersities in his dominions and looking that able and sufficient Pastors be set ouer the seuerall Churches in his kingdome 3 By taking order that Pastors teachers do their dutie in preaching true and sound doctrine 2. King 23.4 2. Chron. 29.4 5.11 and in other holy administrations countenancing the good and faithfull and discountenancing the carelesse and negligent 1. King 2.26.27.35 Exod. 22.20 Leuit. 24.6 and remouing such as be erroneous and scandalous and deserue to be remoued and by taking order that the people yeeld themselues to be taught and guided by their Pastors for the good of their soules and that hereticks idolaters and blasphemers be punished according to their offences The inferiour Magistrate is to do it 1 In his owne person by taking notice of true religion himselfe Psal 2.10.11.12 Psal 148.11 and by embracing it and practising it in his owne person according to his place and calling 2 As much as he may in all those that be vnder his power and authoritie and that 1 By a diligent and carefull ouerseeing of his vnder officers he being one that hath officers vnder him and by looking to them that they performe their duty in promoting true religion and the pure worship of God Nehem. 13.10 11. Nehem. 13.17 25 28. in discountenancing the contrarie so farre as concernes them in their places and offices encouraging the good and faithful discountenancing reprouing and censuring those that be carelesse and negligent according to their faults and offences 2 By executing duly and impartially those good lawes and orders Isai 22.22.22 Ierem. 38.4.6 Mica 3.2 Rom. 13.3.4 that are established for the maintenāce of true religiō the pure worship of God to his vttermost power so far as concerns him in his place and office to the countenancing of good causes of religion and religious persons whether Ministers or others and to the discountenancing and repressing of bad and wicked causes and persons as heretickes idolaters and such like 2 By a carefull prouiding for the peace and safety Rom. 13.4 1. Tim. 2.2 and quietnesse and outward welfare of his subiects according to his place and power the chiefe Magistrate according to his place and power the inferior Magistrate according to his as the chiefe Magistrate is to do it by vsing his power 1 For the establishing of peace and quietnes amongst his subiects and that Isai 10 1.2 1 By making such good and wholesome lawes in his kingdome as serue to settle vnity and concord and equitie and iustice amongst his subiects and by seeing those lawes duely executed Psal 122.3 that euery one of his subiects may as much as is possible haue his right and that which in equitie and conscience belongs to him and that none of them be any way in body goods or name wronged or oppressed Exod. 18.21.22 2. Sam. 8.15.16 c. 2. Chron. 19.5.6.7.11 2 By a wise and carefull choice of his vnder gouernors both in time of peace and in time of warre that they be qualified as they ought to be that they be men of courage fearing God dealing truly and hating couetousnesse 1. King 1.52 Pro. 16.14.15 Pro. 20.26 Rom. 13.4 3 By pulling down the wicked enemies of peace and by maintaining and defending the quiet and peaceable and innocent that seeke to him for succour and reliefe 2 And for the keeping and maintaining of peace and quietnes and for the preseruing of the outward welfare of his subiects that 1 By requiring onely so much outward helpe and support from them as is meete and necessary for the maintenance of his estate 1. Sam. 8.11.12 c. 1. King 12.14 either in time of peace or warre not oppressing them with exactions and grieuances 2 By making lawfull leagues of friendship and peace with his neighbour Princes and Gouernours 1. King 5.4.5.6 3 By standing for the liberty of his kingdome and subiects if need be Iudg. 4.14 2. Sam. 20.6.7 2. King 18.7.8 by force of armes by fighting for it either for the defending of it against the seditious and rebellious within his kingdome and dominions or against the common and forreine enemies of it or for the recouering of it againe being lost The inferiour Magistrate is to do it 1 By a carefull and diligent ouerseeing of his vnder officers he being such a one as hath officers vnder him looking to them that they performe the duty that concernes them Nehem. 5.1.2.3.4 c. touching the peace and safety and quietnesse and outward welfare of men where they haue to do that they deale iustly and truly and equally betweene man and man and that they wrong no man in any cause or matter which they haue to deale withall encouraging the good and faithfull and discountenancing reprouing and censuring such as be carelesse and faulty according to their offences 2 By acquainting himselfe with the good lawes and customes of the land and kingdome where he holds his office Deut. 1.13.15 Num. 11.16 Act. 24.10 and by being skilfull in all those causes that shall come before him that he may wisely rule and gouerne all sorts of men that he hath to deale withall and may wisely apply his knowledge to euery particular occasion 3 By admitting willingly all iust complaints and taking notice of all aggreeuances that are brought before him throughly examining them by all due circumstances 2. Sam. 15.3.4 Pro. 18.17 Leuit. 19.15 Deut. 1.16.17 Deut. 16.18.19 Iudg. 19.30 1. Sam. 8.3 Pro. 17.23 Isai 1.23 Hos 4.18 Iosh 7.24 Rom. 13.4 and hauing so examined them by putting difference betweene good and bad causes and persons and deciding those causes so examined vncorruptly giuing iust iudgement without partialitie or respect of persons and without receiuing of bribes and gifts to peruert iudgement 4 By seeing or taking order that due and seasonable execution be done on offenders and malefactors according to the iudgement and sentence passed on them Iosh 7.24 Rom. 13.4 3 By a carefull procuring of ciuill honestie good manners and good order amongst his subiects according to his place power the chiefe Magistrate according to his place and power 1. Tim. 2.2 and the inferiour Magistrate
according vnto his as the chiefe Magistrate is to do it thus By making such good lawes and orders in his kingdome Rom. 12.17 Philip. 4.8 Eccles 5.8 as serue to maintaine ciuil honesty good manners and good order among his subiects and to inhibite and to put downe all things that are thereunto contrarie and by seeing those lawes and orders duly executed looking to it as much as is possible that his subiects walke orderly being euery one imployed according to his abilitie in some honest and lawfull calling and that al lewd persons and practises and all occasions of lust and vnthirftinesse be remoued as stewes houses of filthinesse 1. King 15.12 houses of gaming and such like The inferiour Magistrate is to do it By executing duly and impartially both by himself and by such as be in office vnder him the good lawes and orders made for the maintaining of ciuill honesty and for the inhibiting putting downe of those things that are thereunto contrarie standing 1 In setting such poore persons as be lustie and strong to work and not suffering them to be idle and to make begging and wandring their trade of life but punishing them according to law if they be found rouing and wandring 2. Thess 3.10.11.12 Iob. 30.5.6.7.8 and in seeing that no maintenance or allowance be giuen to such without punishment vnlesse they will settle themselues to some honest labour and imployment 2 In taking order that such poore persons as be aged or weake Deut 15.7.8.9 10.11.12 Iob. 20.13.14.15.16 or be blinde or lame and not able to labour or such as haue strength of body and vse it carefully and conscionably yet cannot earne so much as to maintaine themselues and their families be in some competent sort helped and relieued that they be not constrained to begge their bread 3 In seeing Leuit. 18.24.25.27.28 Deut. 23.17 1. Sam. 2.22 as much as possibly he may all lewde practises and all occasions of filthinesse and vnthriftines be remoued as stewes houses of filthinesse houses of gaming c. The due respect and due carriage of persons younger in yeares Persons yonger in yeares towards those that are more ancient in regard of their yeares standeth in yeelding to them 1 Reuerence both in heart word Leuit. 19.32 Iob. 30.1 Isai 3.5 and deed esteeming reuerently of them in regard of their age as a print of Gods eternitie and shewing forth their reuerent opinion of them 1. Tim. 5.1.2 by giuing them titles of reuerence due to them in their place and by giuing them the vpper hand by bowing to them by rising vp before them and the like 2 Modest behauiour towards them Iob. 32.4.6.10 16.17 Tit. 2.6 1. Pet. 5.5 Persons more Ancient not presuming to speake before them in matters of weight but keeping silence till they haue spokē The due respect and due carriage of persons more ancient towards those that are yonger in yeares standeth in yeelding to them 1 Good aduice Iob. 32.7.9 1. King 12.6.7.8 Tit. 2.4 counsell and direction as occasion is offered wisely aduising counselling and directing them in good things 2 Good example giuing them good example Pro. 16.31 Isai 62.20 Tit. 2.2.3 and going before them in a wise sober graue and holy conuersation The due respect and due carriage of those that want good gifts Those that want gifts or are inferiour to others in gifts towards those that haue good gifts standeth in yeelding to them 1 An acknowledgement of their good gifts Gen. 41.38.39 Dan. 4.6 Mat 3.11 2. Pet. 3.15 and a reuerent regard of them for the same according to the measure of their good gifts and according to the excellencie and kind of them more reuerently respecting those that haue good gifts of minde graces of Gods Spirit then those that haue onely good gifts of body or outward good gifts though they are also to be respected in regard of those good gifts 2 Imitation of their good gifts and making a good vse of them to themselues 1. Sam. 9.9 Ioh. 4.19.20 to 27. Philip. 4.9 imitating the vertues and graces that are in others and labouring for them in themselues The due respect and due carriage of those that haue good gifts of minde or body Those that haue good gifts or outward good gifts towards those that want those good gifts or are inferiour to them in gifts standeth In vsing those good gifts to the glory of God Rom. 14 7. Rom. 15.1 1. Cor. 12.7 and to the greatest good of those that want them not lifting vp themselues aboue their brethren but bending downe and applying their gifts for the best good of others The due respect and due carriage of those that do or may receiue benefit from others toward those that haue care or shew forth their care for their good and benefite standeth In a kinde acceptance of the least benefite Gen. 40.23 2. Chron. 24.21.22 Act. 22.3 Rom. 16 2.3.4 and a thankefull acknowledgment of it and a louing remembrance of them for it as any occasion is offered and in vsing it to Gods glory and their owne best good The due respect and due carriage of those that haue care of others or shew forth their care for the benefite of others towards those that do or may receiue benefite from them standeth In taking the best and wisest course that possibly they can 2 King 2.9 Iob. 29.16 Act. 22.3 that the benefite they intend or reach out to others may be most profitable to them that are or shall be partakers of it The negatiue part of the fifth Commandement It forbids 1 The want or neglect of the due respect and of the due carriage of inferiours towards their superiours and by consequent of superiours towards their inferiors of equals amongst themselues and so the omission of any of those duties that are required of inferiours superiors or equalls one towards another whether generall or particular 2 Whatsoeuer is contrarie to the due respect and due carriage of inferiours towards their superiours and of equalls among themselues and doth diminish or impeach the dignitie that God hath bestowed on others as 1 The things contrarie to the due respect and due carriage of inferiours towards their superiours are 1 A light and base esteeming a despising and contemning of superiours Leuit. 20.9 Deut. 27.16 Gen 9.22 Pro. 30.11.17 Iud. epist v. 8. Exod. 22.28 Eccles 10.20 as the Anabaptists do in their iudgement and opinion shewing forth that light estimation and that contempt of them by contemptuous words gestures or deeds as by wishing ill to them by mocking and scorning of them by speaking ill of them and reuiling them by smiting them and the like 2 Disobedience to them Deut. 21.18 Rom. 1.30 stubbornly refusing to yeeld that obedience they owe vnto them shewing it forth 1 In resisting their lawfull authoritie Gen. 28.8.9 2 Sam. 15.10.11.12 Mat. 21.30 Tit. 2.15 refusing to be
Cor. 6.6 11.22 sometimes refraining from sleep and watching as need requires and as they are able so as it be not to the destruction of nature 3 In lawfull pleasures and honest delights men and women vsing them only so farre forth as they be no prouocations to fleshly lust nor hinderances to them in good duties towards God or man Rom. 13.14 1 Cor. 7.29 30. Gal. 5.13 5 In diligence and painfulnesse in good duties 2 Sam. 11.2 3 4. Ezech. 16.49 1 Tim. 5.13 men and women are euer to be doing some good thing either in their generall callings as they be Christians or in their particular callings And the best good thing wherein they are to be diligent and painfull is prayer to God that he would purifie and purge their hearts from filthie lusts 2 Cor. 12.7 8. 6 In the single estate hauing not the gift of continencie taking the benefit of holy mariage when other meanes auaile not 1 Cor. 7.2.9.36 1 Tim. 4.3 7 In the state of mariage the husbands affecting of his wife and the wifes affecting of her husband as they ought to affect one the other and also the doing of that one to the other that ought to be done for the preseruing of pure loue and of sound and heartie affection betweene them and for the keeping of themselues faithfull and constant one to the other and they affect one the other as they ought Ephe. 5.25.29 Col. 3.19 Tit. 2.4 Prou. 5.18 19. Gen. 24.67 when they loue one another with a feruent and pure loue expressing that in delighting in the loue one of another continually and cherishing one the other as they are able And they doe that one to the other that ought to be done for the preserving of pure loue and of sound and heartie affection betweene them and for the keeping of themselues faithfull and constant one to the other three waies 1 By their quiet and comfortable dwelling together in one place with no longer absence of either from other than shall be either on necessary occasion or with mutuall consent Deut. 24.5 Prou. 7.20 1 Cor. 7.10.12.13 1 Pet. 3.7 2 By so carrying themselues one to the other as that they giue no iust occasion either by word deed or gesture to suspect one the other of lightnesse or vnfaithfulnesse but so as they may haue good cause to repose trust and confidence each in the other whether present or absent Prou. 31.11 3 By yeelding due beneuolence one to the other in the right and lawfull vse of the mariage bed vsing it temperatly and seasonably and with prayer to God for a blessing vpon it 1 Cor. 7.3 4 5. Heb. 13.4 Gen. 25.21 1 Sam. 26.27 1 Tim. 4.5 The Table of the eighth Commandement The Negatiue part It forbids in generall euery thing whatsoeuer that tends to the hurt or hinderance of the wealth and outward good estate of man and those things are either inward in the heart or outward things 1 Inward things in the heart as inward longings and lustings of the heart after another mans wealth the heart giuing consent vnto them Or couetous desires in the hearts of men or women of that wealth which is none of theirs though they neuer seeke to get it wrongfully Iosh 7.21 Mica 2.2 2 Pet. 2.14 1 Ioh. 2.16 Those longings and lustings and couetous desires are most vile and most odious when they are insatiable and vex and disquiet the heart with carking cares and are so violent and strong as they set a man or a woman forward to get another mans wealth against conscience sense and reason and sometimes against the light of nature 1 King 21.4.19 20. Matth. 26.14 15 16. Eccles 4.8 1 Tim. 6.9 10. 2 Outward things and those are either Such as tend to the hurt or hinderance of a man or a womans own wealth and outward good estate Or such as tend to the hurt or hinderance of a man or a womans owne wealth and outward good estate Or such as tend to the hurt or hinderance of the wealth and outward good estate of another or others one or more Such things as tend to the hurt or hinderance of a man or a womans owne wealth and outward good estate are either Such things as doe waste and consume a man or a womans owne wealth and outward good estate are three things especially 1 Idlenesse sloth and negligence Prou. 6.6 to 12. 12.11 13.4 Prou. 20.4.13 18.9 24.30 31 32 33 34. 2 Thess 3.10 11 12. 2 Vnthriftinesse and carelesnesse either in ordering or spending a man or a womans goods Ioh. 6.12 Prou. 21.17 23.21 Luke 15.13 14 15 16. 3 Rash heedlesse and vnaduised suretiship Prou. 6.1 2 3. 11.15 17.18 20.16 Prou. 22.26 27. Or such things as doe defraud a man or a woman of the right and comfortable vse of their wealth as namely a base couetous needie and an euill eye or niggardly sparing when there is iust and necessarie cause of spending Eccles 2.26 Eccles 4.8 Eccles 6.1 2. Such things as tend to the hurt or hinderance of the wealth and outward good estate of another or others one or more And those are such things as tend to the hurt or hinderance of the wealth and outward good estate Either of the Church Or Common-wealth Or some particular person or persons one or more Those things which tend to the hurt or hinderance of the outward good estate of the Church are two things First Rom. 2.22 Sacriledge or Church-robberie Secondly Symonie Sacriledge or Church-robbery is committed two waies First by diminishing or by withdrawing and taking to ones selfe in whole or in part those things that either by the commandement of God or by the free and voluntarie gift of man or by the law of man are appointed and set apart for religious vses as for the maintaining of the Minister of the Word or of Vniuersities and Schooles of good learning Iosh 7.21 or for the maintenance releefe of the poore as Hospitals Almes-houses and such like Pro. 20.25 Malac. 3.8 9 10. or doe any way belong to the worship and seruice of God as the place appointed for the publike worship and seruice of God the Church commonly so called or the Communion table Cups Bookes and such like Secondly Ier. 23.1 2. Ezech. 34.2 3 8. Phil. 2.21 Iudg. 9.4 Dan. 5.2 3. Mat. 21.12 13. By imploying things appointed and set apart for religious vses to other ends and purposes and by abusing them especially by such as haue the benefit and vse of them Simonie or buying and selling of Church-offices or places to exercise those offices in Acts 8.18 19. 2 King 5.20 21. Mat. 23.4 and consequently buying and selling of the mysteries and Sacraments of the Church and of spirituall things for priuate gaine which is properly Simonie Those things which tend to the hurt or hinderance of the Common-wealth are three 1 The robbing of the publike treasurie 2 King
12.18 Neh. 13.7 and direct taking away from the common stock and from the goods that belong either to the Crowne 12.13 or to the whole Kingdome or to some Citie or corporation 2 The defrauding of such gifts as are giuen for publike vses and are to be imployed for the common good Iohn 12.6 as for the maintaining of common high-waies and such like 3 The doing of such things as bring damage and detriment to the Common-wealth and do procure and cause a dearth and scarcitie of such outward good things as are of necessary vse in a Land and Countrie in a Citie Towne or Village which is done three waies 1 By hording vp and withholding the selling of corne Pro. 11.26 Iames 5.1 2 3. and of other necessarie commodities which men or women haue of their owne when they may spare them and others haue need of them in hope to raise the price of them 2 By getting vp all a commoditie into ones hand Mica 3.3 Amos 8.4 5 6 7 8. either to carry out of the Land or to sell it as men list themselues euen the very refuse as by engrossing commodities forestalling markets and such like 3 By vncharitable enclosure Isay 3.14 Isay 5.8 as by dispeopling houses and townes and by inclosing common fields to mens owne priuate benefit and gaine Those things that hurt or hinder the wealth and outward good estate of some particular person or persons one or more are things done either in matter of contract between person and person or persons one or more or out of the matter of contract Things that are done in the matter of contract betweene person and person or persons one or more are either in buying and selling and exchanging Or in borrowing and lending Or in hiring and letting Or in pawning and taking things to pawne Things that are done in buying and exchanging are either by the buyer or by the seller or by the buyer and the seller The things which are done by the buyer are three 1 The extenuating the goodnesse of the things which the buyer cheapneth contrary to his owne knowledge either by himselfe or by another Pro. 20.14 Isay 5.20 2 Gen. 23.9.13 The taking aduantage of the sellers either simplicitie or present necessitie Leu. 25.14 15 16. to buy his commoditie for lesse than it is worth 3 The making of bad payment of the price agreed on betweene him and the seller Gen. 23.16 Ier. 32.8 9 10. Gen. 43.12 The things which are done by the seller are fiue 1 The praising Psal 15.2 Isai 5.20 commending and extolling the things he hath to sell and is about to sell aboue the knowne goodnesse and worth of them 2 The taking aduantage of the buyers either simplicitie Leu. 25.14 15 16. Amos 8.5 Gen. 23.15 or present necessitie to sell his commodity for more than it is worth 3 The selling and deliuering of that which hee knowes to be bad ware for good ware at the price of good which is done two wayes first by selling and deliuering that which he knowes to be bad in the matter and substance of it for good Isai 1 2â— Amos 8.6 and in the stead of good and at the price of good Secondly by selling and deliuering that which hee knowes is bad and saultie in the qualitie of it for good Luke 19.8 Rom. 1.29 1 Thess 4.6 and in the stead of good at the price of good 4 The deceiuing of the buyer Deu. 19.35 36. Deu. 25.13 14 15. Ezech. 45.10 Prou. 11.1 20.10 Mica 6.10 11. Pro. 11.10 Leu. 25.14 15 16. 1 Thess 4.6 in the number weight or measure of the things sold vnto him by number weight or measure and yet taking the full price agreed on betweene them 5 The raising of the iust price of things and the racking of the prices of the things he hath to sell to the oppression of the poore The things that are done by the buyer and by the seller Isay 55.12 Act. 19.24 are the buying and selling of things either vnprofitable and hurtfull as Cards Dice and such like or things that tend meerely to maintaine pride and vanitie as painting and complexions and such like Those things that are done to the hurt or hinderance of another or others one or more in borrowing and lending are either done by the borrower or by the lender Those things which are done by the borrower are two 1 By not returning or not restoring the thing borrowed to the lender as it ought to be returned or restored which is done three waies 1 By not returning or not restoring the thing borrowed 2 King 6.5 Psal 37.21 Prou. 3.27 Rom. 13.8 to the lender at all 2 By not returning or not restoring the thing borrowed 2 King 4.1 Prou. 3.28 to the lender in due time and at the time appointed for the returning and restoring of it but keeping it ouer and aboue that time without the consent of the lender 3 By not returning or not restoring againe to the lender the thing borrowed Exo. 22.14 which is spent in the vse of it both as much and euery way as good as was lent in the same kinde or by not returning or not restoring the thing borowed which is not spent in the vse of it whether it be a liuing thing as a seruant an horse or a Cow and such like or a thing without life both as much and euery way as good as it was lent 2 The borrowing of any thing especially money either To ill ends and purposes as either to maintaine himselfe in pride in riot and such like or that by the thing borrowed the borrower may hurt or wrong another or others one or more in his or their wealth and outward good estate Or after an vnlawfull manner namely on vsurie that is so as the borrower couenanteth with the lender to returne to him not only the thing lent in the full number weight measure and quantitie but something ouer and aboue only in liew and recompence of the lending of it Those things that are done by the lender are three 1 The lending to such persons as the lender knowes doe borrow to ill ends and purposes as to maintaine themselues in pride riot or such like or in any sinfull course or to hurt wrong vex or trouble another or others one or more 2 The lending after an vnlawful manner namely on vsury that is so as the lender will haue the borrower to couenant with him to returne to him not onely the thing lent in the full number weight measure and the full summe and quantitie of it but also an ouerplus and something ouer and aboue only in liew and recompence of his lending of it 3 The requiring of the thing lent in such manner as it ought not to be required which is done two waies First when the lender doth require the thing lent too greedily as either before the time appointed for the