which they think fit to be inserted to the same and some Additional Prayers to the said Book of Common-Prayer to be used upon proper and emergent occasions and have exhibited and presented the same unto His Majesty in writing in one Book entitled The Book of Common-Prayer and Administration of the Sacraments and other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church c. All which His Majesty having duly considered hath ☞ fully approved and allowed the same and recommended to This present Parliament that the said Book of Common-Prayer with the Form of Ordination and Consecration of Bishops Priests and Deacons with the Alterations and Additions which have been so made and presented to His Majesty by the said Convocations be the Book which shall be appointed to be used by all that ossiciate in all Cathedral and Collegiate Churches and Chappels and in all Chappels of Colledges and Halls in both the Universities and in all Parish-Churches and Chappels within the Kingdom of England Dominion of Wales and Town of Berwick upon Tweed and by all that make or consecrate Bishops Priests or Deacons in any of the said Places under such Sanctions and Penalties as the Houses of Parliament shall think fit Now in regard that nothing conduceth more to the settling the Peace of N. B. The Benefits of Uni formity this Nation which is desired of all good men nor to the Honour of our Religion and the Propagation thereof than an universal Agreement in the publick Worship of Almighty God And to the intent that every Person within this Realm may certainly know the Rule to which he is to conform in publick Worship and Administration of Sacraments and other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church of England and the Manner how and by whom Bishops Priests and Deacons are and ought to be made ordained and consecrated Be it enacted by the Kings most excellent Majesty by the Advice and with the consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and of the Commons in This present Parliament assembled and by the Authority of the same c. And be it farther enacted by the Authority aforesaid that the several good Laws and Statutes of This Realm which have been formerly made and are now in force The farmer good Laws and Statutes for Uniformity of Prayer and Administration of the Sacraments confirmed with Reference to this Book for the Uniformity of Prayer and Administration of the Sacraments within this Realm of England and places aforesaid shall stand in full force and strength to all intents and purposes whatsoever for the establishing and confirming of the said Book entituled The Book of Common-Prayer c. herein before mentioned to be joyned and annexed to This Act and shall be applied practised and put in ure for the punishing of all Offences contrary to the said Laws with Relation to the Book aforesaid and no other Provided also that the Book of Common-Prayer and Administration The Book of Q Eliz. continued till This was to take place c. heretofore in use and respectively established by Act of Parliament in the First and Eighth years of Queen Elizabeth shall be still used and observed in the Church of England until the Feast of St. Bartholomew which shall be in the year of our Lord God 1662. when by This Act the other Book aforesaid was to take place in the room thereof so that there was no period of time wherein there was a Liberty or Exemption from the Legal Obligation to Uniformity Such now is That August Authority by which the Things in Question are determined and established And as the Reconciler cites it out of Bishop Taylor A peaceable mind and willingness to learn P. 224. and a charitable Exposition are the just Dispositions of Subjects God Grant they well perform it As He there devoutly and piously adds This was the Religion of Queen Elizabeth ☜ whose Motto was Semper eadem This was the Religion of King James whose Motto was Beati Pacifici This was the Religion of King Charles The Royal Martyr and best of Kings and Men. And This is the Religion of His Gracious Majesty the Inheritor of his Fathers Kingdoms and Princely Vertues who calls aloud upon his Subjects to make the established Laws Their Rule because he protests They shall ever be His. And the Reconciler hath told us that it is only the Religion of His King which in This Book he pleads for SECT VII IN the next place before I leave §. VII This Subject I desire all my Country-men diligently to hearken unto the Church Her self in her publick Apologies about These Matters in the Book so established which because so few do observe in Their Common-Prayer-Books I will here present them with The Preface of our Governours concerning the Alterations made in the publick Service It hath been the Wisdom of the Church of England ever since the first The constant moderation of the Church of England compiling of her publick Liturgy to keep a mean between the Two Extreams of too much stiffness in refusing and of too much easiness in admitting any variation from it For as on the one side common experience sheweth that where a change hath been made of The danger of unnecessary changes things advisedly established no evident necessity so requiring sundry inconveniences have thereupon ensued and those many times more and greater than the evils Ipsa mutatio consuetudinis erlam quae utilitate adjuvat novitate perturbat D. August Ep. 118. that were intended to be remedied by such change so on the other side the particular Forms of divine Worship and the Rites and Ceremonies appointed to be used therein being Necessary changes to be made by Authority only in things alterable and upon weighty important considerations things in their own nature indifferent and alterable and so acknowledged it is but reasonable that upon weighty and important Considerations according to the various Exigencies of times and occasions such Changes and Alterations should be made therein as to those that are in place of Authority from time to time seem either necessary or expedient This is quoted by the Reconciler as the chief ground-work of his Proposals P. 35 36. but let us hear the whole Accordingly we find that in the Reigns of several Princes of blessed Memory since the Reformation the Church The practice of the Church accordingly upon just and weighty Considerations her thereunto moving hath yielded to make such Alterations in some particulars as in their respective times were thought convenient yet so as that the main Body and Essentials of it as well in the chiefest materials as in the frame and order thereof have still continued the same unto This day and do yet stand firm and unshaken notwithstanding all the vain attempts and impetuous A Character of the Adversaries of the Church assaults made against it by such men as are given to change and have always discover'd a greater regard
that tend to prove the utter unlawfulness ☜ of imposing any Ceremonies especially that are insignificant without respect had to such Restrictions as he at other times propounds and such as slander our Reformation and the Defenders of it Of this nature is that Citation out of Pref. p. a. Beza's 8th Ep. to which he puts an Hand in the Margin and marks it out in distinct Letters I affirm That Men so oft do grievously sin as they do introduce into the Church of God any Sacramentals that is any Ceremonies significative of spiritual things and that all symbolical Rites should be utterly excluded from the Christian Church into which they never could rightly be introduced and I believe the Church can never be restored to her native beauty whilst they do remain Again out of the same Author As P. 26. to the Rite of Crossing though it be most Ancient I cannot see what good it doth I would by no means reckon it among things indifferent but think it less so than the brazen Serpent of Hezekias the Example of which good King in this matter that is in destroying the Idols of the Cross and Crucifixes it behoves all Christian Princes to imitate And upon this the Reconciler afterwards expostulates Why do we not rather follow the Example of good King P. 43. Hezekiah who broke the brazen Serpent and carefully removed that occasion of the Idolatry of Israel c This indeed is an Instance which the non-Conformists have all along been copious in dilating on Again from the same Epistle with another hand in the Margin They indeed P. 26. seem to me to do best of all who no less diligently than open Idolatries do abolish such things which though they are not impious of themselves yet are unnecessary and profitable for little if a man use them aright but very noxious when abused And according to this rigor of Reformation the Reconciler afterwards applies that serious Question in the Homily of the Peril of Idolatry directed there against Ch. 1. p. 31 the makers setters-up and maintainers of Images in Churches to the case of imposing our few indifferent Ceremonies How is the Charity of God or Love of our Neighbour in our hearts if when we may remove such dangerous stumbling-blocks to the weak and simple people we will not remove them c. Again out of Mr. Baxter It is a Cruelty next to Diabolical to lay before men an occasion for their damnation for nothing p. 327. Again from the same Author Beza still Pref. p. 27. If the Apostle did rightly chide the Galatians that they having begun in the Spirit fell back unto the Flesh with how much greater reason may this be said of you of England if when you have begun in the Spirit you fall back not as they to the Flesh that is unto the Coremonies of Moses but to the Trifles and Refuse of humane Traditions which God forbid Which Things should they once happen they would most certainly be the beginnings of much greater Calamities Ibid. than what you have yet felt The truth of which Prediction saith the Reconciler we have found by woful ☞ experience Laying the Load of all our great Calamities upon this Imposition Then he cites Zanchius his vehement Declamation against the Surplice to Queen Elizabeth upon the mis-Information given him by some male-contented Brethren P. 28. The fire of Contention about certain Garments is now again to the incredible offence of the Godly as it were raised from Hell and kindled afresh in your Majesties Kingdom and that the occasion of the Fire is because your most Gracious Majesty being perswaded by some otherwise great men and carried with a zeal but certainly not according to knowledge to retain Unity in Religion hath now more than ever resolv'd and decreed yea doth Will and Command that all Bishops and Ministers of the Churches here we have an Hand in the Margin shall in Divine Service put on the white linnen Garments which the Popish Priests use now in Popery Yea it is to be feared that the Fire is so kindled and casts its Flame so far and wide that all the Churches of that most large and mighty Kingdom to the perpetual disgrace of your most Renowned Majesty will be set on a flaming Fire Here the Reconciler ☜ inserts Oh true Prophet Though never Prince reigned with greater Quiet Security and Honour Seeing the most part of the Bishops men greatly renowned for all kind of Learning and Godliness had rather leave their Office and Place in the Church than against their own Conscience admit of such Garments And upon this the Reconciler bestows a N. B. thought it be in truth an evil Note and false Suggestion concerning the most part of the Bishops for we read of but one Bishop Hooper by Name who also though he for some time stood it out yet upon long Conference at last reformed himself and yielded to the publick judgment of the Church Of the same nature is that other rash assertion of Zanchius It is out of all doubt P. 30. that by This Law concerning Apparel all Godly men will be offended And as vain was the Fear of the Return of Popery by This means which he so Rhetoricates upon Methinks I see P. 31. and hear the Monks crying out with loud voices in the Pulpits both confirming their followers in their ungodly Religion by the Example of your Majesty and also saying What doth not the Queen of England also a most learned and prudent Princess begin by little and little to come back to the Church of Rome The holy Vestments of our Clergy being again received we are in good hope the day will come wherein she will at length recal all the other Rites and Sacraments of the holy Church of Rome Then upon the Instance of the brazen Serpent before mentioned taken away by godly King Ezekias he assumes How much more then are those unclean P. 32. Garments to be banished out of the Church of God seeing the Apostles never used them but the Whore of Rome hath used them in her Idolatrous Worship and to seduce men Again which the Reconciler marks out in distinct Characters All men know that the most part of all the Churches Ibid. who have fallen from the Bishop of Rome for the Gospel's sake do not only want but also abhor these Garments The contrary to which is to be seen in ☞ the learned Mr. Durel's View of the Government and publick Worship of God in the Reformed Churches beyond the Seas wherein is shewed their Conformity and Agreement with the Church of England as it is established by the Act of Uniformity Next I challenge that passage from Mr. Baxter's Dispute of Humane Ceremonies P. 45. which the Reconciler thus introduceth 'T is shrewdly argued by Mr. Baxter This seems to be coming after Christ to amend his Laws and make better Laws and Ordinances for his Church
excellent Determination of King James is worthy to be had in perpetual Remembrance Apud Causab Ep. ad Card. Perroon viz. His Majesty thinketh that for Concord there is no nearer way than diligently to separate things necessary from things unnecessary and to bestow all our labour that we may agree in the things necessary and that in things unnecessary there may be Christian Liberty allowed Now His Majesty calls those things simply necessary which the Word of God expresly commandeth to be believed or done N. B. or which the ancient Church did gather from the Word of God by necessary consequence here he had done as well to have added a N. B. too But those things which by the Constitution of men without the Word of God were for a time received into the Church of God though piously and prudently introduced His Majesty conceives they may be changed mollified antiquated And what Pius the second said of the Celebacy of the Clergie that being anciently established by good Right by better it might now be antiquated that His Majesty believes may in the general be said of most Ecclesiastical Observations introduced without the Word of God This saith the Reconciler is a golden Sentence and fully justifies all that I plead for in these Papers Now here I observe 1. That this was proposed by His Majesty for Concord between different Churches And whereas the Reconciler elsewhere demands What Reason can be given why Pref. p. 57. the Conditions of Communion betwixt Reformed Churches should not obtain amongst the members of the same Christian Church I think That Reason which the Church in her 34th Article assigns is here considerable Every particular and National Church hath Authority to ordain change and abolish Ceremonies or Rites of the Church ordained by mens Authority so that all things be done to edifying which words he sets down in another place Ch. 2. p. 36 And This our Parliament in the Act of Uniformity had an eye unto Provided That the Penalties in this Act shall not extend to the Forreigners or Aliens 14 Car. 11. of the Forreign Reformed Churches allowed or to be allowed by the King's Majesty his Heirs and Successors in England The Laws of every Church and Kingdom are for their own members In these our doings we condemn no other Nation nor prescribe any thing but to our own People only c. Second Pref. to the Liturgie But then 2. I note farther That King James his opinion was That even things by the Constitution of men without the Word of God might be piously and prudently introduced into the Church of God as well as upon occasion changed mollified or antiquated And what he asserts in the close is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of most Ecclesiastical Observations introduced without the Word of God not of all of them That useful distinction of King James between things necessary and unnecessary is well declared by one of the eminent Divines of our Church Mr. Mason's Serm. on 1 Cor. 14. 40. P. 4. Necessary I call That which the eternal God hath in his Word precisely and determinately commanded or forbidden either expresly or by infallible consequence Indifferent which the Lord hath not so commanded nor forbidden but is commanded in the holy Scripture rather potentially than actually comprehended in general Directions not precisely defined by particular Determinations Whatsoever God hath in his Word precisely commanded is necessary to be done for not doing of it is a sin Whatsoever God hath forbidden so long as it is forbidden is necessary to be left undone for the very doing of it is a sin Whatsoever is neither commanded nor forbidden that whether it concern Church or Common-wealth is left to God's Vice-gerents upon Earth who according to the exigence of the State may by their direction command it to be done or to be left undone and both without sin And this is much more distinct than what the Reconciler cites from the Lord Falkland's Reply to White I am confident Pref. p. 12. that all who receive the Scripture for the only Rule and believe what is there plain to be only necessary would if they truely believed what they professed and were not led aside either by prejudice or some Popish reliques of holding what they have been long taught or following the Authority of some persons either alive or dead by them much esteemed soon agree in as much as is necessary and in concluding no necessity of agreeing in more there being no doubt but it would soon appear plainly what is plain There is need of a great deal of Caution in declaring the Scripture to be the only Rule that it be restrained to matters peculiarly of divine Revelation and necessary in order unto salvation Haec sententia fuit omnium piorum patrum qui etsi in liberis ritibus agnoscebant Authoritatem Ecclesioe tamen in Dogmatibus Fidei eam ad solius Scripturoe Regulam alligatam putabant Bishop Davenant ad Colos 4. 4. But to return again to King James What his Judgement was in these matters he particularly declared at the famous Conference at Hampton-Court in the beginning of his Reign where one of See Summ of the Conference by Dr. Barlow Dean of Chester 1603. P. 86. the Lords said He was fully perswaded His Majesty spake by the instinct of the Spirit of God The then Lord Chancellor said I have often heard and read that Rexest mixt a persona cum Sacerdote but I never found the truth of it till this day And the Archbishop of Canterbury affirmed That undoubtedly P. 96. His Majesty spake by the special assistance of God's Spirit Now His Majesty there declared It was his happiness above others his Predecessors because they were fain to alter all things they found established but he saw yet no cause so much to alter and change any thing as to confirm that which he found well setled already not without Gratulations to Almighty God for it And the Bishop of London put His Majesty in mind of the Speeches which the French Embassador Mr. Rogne gave P. 38. out concerning the Church of England both at Cantorbury after his arrival and at the Court afterwards upon the view of our solemn Service and Ceremonies namely that if the Reformed Churches ☜ of France had kept the same Orders among them which we have he was assured there would have been many Thousands of Protestants more there than now there are When Mr. Knewstubs took exceptions to the Cross from the offence of weak P. 67. Brethren grounded on the words of St. Paul Rom. 14. and I Cor. 8. which P. 68. the Reconciler so industriously amplifies in his Treatise His Majesty first began with the general Rule of the Fathers Distingue Tempora concordabunt Scripturoe shewing the difference of those Times and ours Then a Church not fully planted nor setled but ours long established and flourishing Then Christians newly call'd from Paganism and
Factions was to urge his Subscription at his first entrance for Turpius ejicitur quam non admittitur hospes 3. As Subscription was a good means to discern the affection of the persons whether quiet or turbulent withal it was the principal way to avoid confusion Concluding That if any after P. 94. things were well order'd would not be N. B. quiet and shew his obedience the Church were better without him Praestat ut pereat unus quam unitas Only adding at last That the weak were to be P. 97. informed the wilful to be punished If any thing farther be desired of King James his Judgement we may read it in the Constitutions and Canons Ecclesiastical 1603. ratified and confirmed by his Authority among which we have Those that require Subscription a Defence and Explication at large of the Cross in Baptism the last Three declaring a National Synod to be the Church Representative concluding the absent as well as present with a Censure upon all the Depravers of it And touching the Rites and Ceremonies the 6th Canon runs in these words Whosoever shall hereafter affirm that the Rites and Ceremonies of the Church Canon 6 Jacobi of England by Law establish'd are wicked Antichristian or superstitious or such as being commanded by lawful Authority men who are zealously and godlily affected may not with a good Conscience approve them use them or as occasion requireth subscribe unto them let him be excommunicated ipso facto and not restored until he repent and publickly revoke such his wicked Errors The Reconciler indeed tells us from Ch. 1. P. 7. Josias Nichols Plea of the Innocent 1602. a worthy Witness in the Case against his dear Mother That some five years together before the unhappy time that Subscription was so generally offer'd there was such unity between the Ministers and they joyned in all Places so lovingly and diligently together that many Thousands were converted from Atheism The Dissenters have been all along given to Multiplication by Thousands and Myriads many Thousands and Popery but when Subscription came abroad how many godly and worthy learned Preachers were silenced deprived and distracted How were the Christian Subjects grieved and offended and the Papists and wicked men encouraged and emboldned What a Damp brought it to all Godliness and Religion And This the Reconciler quotes as true History for what else doth it there who yet begins his Preface with the Honour of King James his Judgement ☞ Mr. Calvin would have pronounced otherwise in This Matter Let it be denounced saith he that he is no longer to Ep. ad Farell be holden for a Brother who disturbs the common Discipline with his Contumacy This hath been always of force in the Church as being decreed by ancient Councils That whoever will not be subject to the Laws of common Discipline munere abdicetur be deposed from his Office And there is not any need saith he here to seek for humane Authority since the Holy Ghost hath pronounced concerning such Ecclesiam non habere morem contendendi Let them therefore bid him Adieu who refuseth the Rights of common Society And here let me drop a Note of a Reverend Mr. Masvn's Serm. p. 23. Divine of our Church worth the considering They which are such Admirers of ☞ forreign Churches abroad let them a little in This very Point compare the Church of England with that famous Church of Geneva 1. The Church of England requireth Subscription of the Ministers and not of the common People but the Church of Geneva urgeth not Ministers only but the People also 2. The Church of England requireth This approbation that her Rites are not contrary to the Word of God but the Church of Geneva will have her Discipline received in a more high and glorious manner 3. The Church of England contenteth her self only with Subscription but the Church of Geneva is more peremptory requiring a solemn Oath Now if any one shall enquire How notwithstanding the care of King James as well as Queen Elizabeth the Sectaries yet increased so much We have the observation of a wise and learned Prelate of the Church of England as the Reconciler calls Bishop Taylor Disswas him though he was an Irish Bishop one whom he cites abundantly out of That in the days of Queen Elizabeth and of King James This Nation was so watchful to prevent the Growth of Popery that they neglected other Sects till by connivance they became too numerous and over-ran both Church and State And This I have quoted from the Reconciler But Ch. 1. p. 9. enough of King James and his golden Sentences which notwithstanding the stamp of his Learning Judgment and Authority upon them will hardly pass for currant in our days Sect. V. WE come next to King Charles the First the Royal Martyr p. 4. and best of Kings and men as the Reconciler deservedly calls Him The Royal Martyr and Best of Kings and men in His Declaration made with Advice of His Privy-Council in Answer to the Remonstrance of the State of the Kingdom Jan. 1641. speaks Thus saith he As for Differences Biblioth Reg. among our selves for matters Indifferent in their own nature concerning Religion We shall in tenderness to any of Our loving Subjects very willingly comply with the Advice of Our Parliament that some Law may be made for the exemption of tender Consciences from punishment or prosecution for such Ceremonies and in such Cases which by the Judgment of most men are held to be matters Indifferent and of some to be absolutely unlawful I confess I like not the Arguings from 41. to 82. whatever be to be said of Those from 60. * Pref. p. 9. It looks ill when men incline with any degree of affection to the Beginnings of the last War or the Capitulations of some upon His Majesties Return Ch. 1. p. 16. And the greatest check upon my mind against the Condescensions pleaded for is the dreadful prospect of what that Incomparable King at the long Run was brought unto by His Condescensions whilest they continually made the Granting of one thing the foundation only of asking another with the like importunity It concerns us most to be affected saith the Reconciler elsewhere with that which most concerns us and is still fresh in our memories even the sad desolations which were brought on Church and State and That inhumane slaughter of our Fellow-Christians in This Nation caused by our Contests about Trifles Infandum Regina jubes But whoever were the cause the Best of Kings and men I hope was Innocent He was at all times willing to comply wit the Advice of Parliament for the case of His loving Subjects in all matters of Indifferency But That would not content or satisfie till he had yielded so much that he was forced at length to yield His Sacred Head to the Block and Those whose tender Consciences bogled at a Ceremony could well enough dispense