other Pleasures invited him for before he went to the Army he had found this Marquis's Lady so Charming as gave him an Urging to see her again The Marquis de Humieres being come to his House receiv'd him there as one of his most particular Friends and the good Reception he met with both from him and his Wife oblig'd him to return often thither These Visits which he paid still more frequently at Paris made him at length so very much in Love that he no longer seem'd to be the same man The Marquis de Humieres after the wonted rate of Husbands did not take notice of these sorts of things and attributing to the freedom which reigns among Persons of Condition this Assiduity which wou'd perhaps have giv'n suspition to another he continued to live with him as he was wont In short this Fancy lasted Eight or Ten Years and was not unprofitable to the Marquis de Humieres's Fortune who having a great deal of innate Merit and much acquir'd has attain'd to the Dignity of Mareschal of France thro' what the Viscount de Turenne said dayly in his behalf And indeed the Chevalier de Grammont knowing whence this proceeded and loving a little Drollery cou'd not refrain breaking a Jest to the King upon his Majesties asking him at the time of his Promotion to that Dignity if he knew whom he had made Mareschal of France he answer'd him Madam de Humieres which so offended this Prince who did not love Railleurs that he Banish'd the Chevalier at that very Instant The King's Arms had not been alltogether so flourishing in other Countrys as they had bâ—en in Flanders no not by much The Court had sent the Mareschal de Grancey into Italy and tho' the Kingdom of Naples that began to rise again might have very much facilitated him in his Enterprizes he was under a continuall uncertainty of what he ought to do Thus did he suffer much time to slip after which he pass'd into that part of the Land of Milan call'd the Alexandrin but the Rivers being swell'd by continual Rains his whole Campagne terminated in Consuming the Forrages and some slight Skirmishes In th' Interim as the Fleet bound for the Coast of Naples under the Conduct of the Duke of Guise was forc'd to return into our Ports after that our men who had made a Descent had been repuls'd with great loss the Mareschal de Grancey was also constrain'd to repass the Tanare for fear of seeing all the Forces that had been employ'd in that Kingdom come pouring upon him The Duke of Guise and He did not want reasons to excuse the failings they had made and they charg'd all to the fault that had been committed in having been too sparing of all things that had been sent them as if what pass'd in that Country had not been of any Moment and indeed a man wou'd have said the Cardinal had discarded all Sollicitude for those Parts nay and he would have little minded th' Affairs of Catalonia if he had not been willing to content the Prince of Conti whom he had sent thither on purpose that he might not yet disrelish his Allyance This Prince had no great Experience but to supply that want he had good Lieutenant-Generals in th Army who unwilling to suffer it to lye Idle caus'd it to march against Villa Franca a small Town at th' Entrance into Conflans Scituated between two Mountains and seems to have been Built rather for the retreat of Bears than for th' abode of men Yet as it obstructed th' Entrance into Cerdaigne a small Province so-so Pleasant and that the taking of it must besides bereave th' Enemies of that of Roussillon it was attacqu'd and won allmost at the same time Puicerda the Capital City of Cerdaigne surrendred afteâ—wards after having sustain'd a Siege of Eight Days But the Prince of Conti growing quickly Weary of War was very willing to find a Pretext to go hold the States in Languedoc that he might gratify his Natural fickleness His Wise repair'd to him thither tho' allready dissarisfy'd with him for he had made her a Present which Modesty does not suffer specifying and which after having reduc'd her to strange Extremities at the long run occasion'd the loss of her Life Thus was the Year 1654 spent But I ought not to forget what befell the Viscount de Turenne whose Wisdom was so generally known that the Count de Montbelliard who had disputed together for their Principality referr'd themselves to him and the Duke of Wittemberg for the Determination of their Differences And indeed after having Examin'd into the Rights of Each he pass'd his Judgment which so pleas'd those two Brothers that they resolvâ—d to Submit to it It was not only with those two Princes that he pass'd for Prudeht and for a Lover of Justice His Virtue was known much farther in Germany and he dayly received Letters by which he was desir'd to give his Opinion upon certain Matters that fell under Debate He did it immediately but without pretending to derive thence a Vanity far from suffering that his Advice shou'd be taken for a Sentence These are my thoughts Writ he back to those that had sent him these Letters you will needs have me give you my Sentiment it is for you to judge whether I am now mistaken or not for that I often am God grant I am not so at this time that so you may receive from my Councills the Consolation you Expect from them He was as modest in all things as he was in that for whether that he was desir'd to give a particular Account of an Action he had been present at or to say rather whose Primum Mobile he had been or that he was oblig'd by Reasons that wou'd be needless to specify to entertain the Company with Discourse he never spoke of himself but in confounding himself with others We did such and such things said he such a Regiment did this or that such an one did by such a motion occasion the Defeat of the enemies But he was never heard to say that it was I that gave this Command who took the Enemies in the flanck and a thousand other such like things which all Generals are wont to attribute to themselves and which he might attribute to himself as well as others But he did not do so when he was to blame himself he was the first to tell his own failings and he often found out such as no body else had taken notice of which happen'd more Especially when he was to excuse any one Not a man said he is there exempt from Committing faults this is what commonly renders us wise and if there were no vicious People Virtue wou'd not be in such Great Admiration But his Goodness never appear'd more than when any one had done something in War for which he might be blamed to prevent the Reproaches that might be made him he told every one a thousand things in his favour 't is
1611. of Parents whose Birth was not only Eminent but ev'n recommendable among Sovereigns He was the Son of Henry de la Tour D'Auvergne and of Elizabeth of Nassaw These two Houses are so blaz'd throughout Europe nay and i' th Other Parts of the World that it wou'd be needless in me to Enlarge much upon their Grandeur That of Nassaw has giv'n an Emperour to Germany and continu'd his Posterity in Severall Branches equally Illustrious and particularly in that of the Princes of Orange That of La Tour D'Auvergne has possest the County of Boulogne and severall other Lands in Sovereignty and for a top of Greatness matcht one of it's Daughters to a Majesty of France Not but there are those who are of Opinion that this Ancient House of Boulogne and that of Bouillon are very Different Nay and I have heard it affirm'd by the present Duke of Elboeuf tho' he had marry'd a Daughter of this Family and that his Interest led him to take that Part But it is not for me to decide these sorts of things and tho' I were better informed than I am I should circumscribe my relation to what is commonly said upon this Point I shall leave then to others to judge of the Case as they think fit and content my self to say that it is however a most Illustrious House Consider we it either as issu'd from the Counts of Boulogne or from a House of Limosin from whence some derive it's Original Such as are of this sentiment affirm it's Name to be La Tour of which there are many Gentlemen setled in the Kingdom and that they have thereto added the name D'Auvergne Mrs de Gouvernet de Montauban de la Chartre are of that House and some of 'em have told me the House of Bouillon and theirs to be one and the same thing But one would willingly have more than bare words for it for no doubt but they would be very glad to be look'd on as Relations of Monsieur de Bouillon who hold'st not only an Eminent rank in France but are likewise very considerable in Germany on the score of the Allyances they have there with several Princes As for the rest the Principality of Sedan had not been long in this House when the Viscount de Turenne came into the World His Father was oblig'd for it to Henry the 4th Who had match'd him to the Heiress But we may assure it to be in acknowledgement for the Services he had receiv'd from him For during the Civil Wars of France he brought him sundry Succours from Germany and spar'd neither his Estate nor Person to help him to Subdue his Enemies For this Reason did Henry the fourth prefer him before many Others when the Marrying that Princess was the point in Agitation and it 's believ'd he did it too that he might not remit her Territories into the hands of a Person less affectionate to him than this Lord For as they border with France on the side of Germany it was that Great Kings Interest to be carefull on whom he bestow'd the Heiress But be it as it will the new Duke of Bouillon on his very Wedding night endeavour'd to acquit himself of that Obligation for leaving his Brides Bed he put on his Armour and went and Surpriz'd the City of Stenay which acquired him Great Reputation Nevertheless tho' Henry the 4th Esteem'd him dayly more and more yet he did not long entertain him with the same favour which I shall attribute to what I am going to relate This Great King was obliged to turn Catholique so to appease the troubles of his Kingdom and the Duke of Bouillon a Protestant not being of a humour to follow his Masters Example he became suspected to the King for the kindness born him by those of his Religion The Jealousy conceiv'd by the King on this Occasion was so Great that the Duke of Bouillon found himself oblig'd to withdraw into Germany from whence he Writ to the King and procur'd other Letters from Divers Princes his Relations The King sent to him to return and trust in his Royall Word but he was loath to obey as knowing he had Enemies at Court who endeavour'd to render him answearable for Sundry Complaints made by People of the Religion in great pow'r at that time Moreover accus'd he was of having endeavour'd to draw into the Kingdom the Army of Mansfeld a famous General who without being in any Bodies Pay had found the Secret to keep on foot an Army of thirty thousand men and make himself feared by all Europe At length time having appeas'd all things the Duke of Bouillon went to kisse the Kings hand and then retired to Sedan where his main Care was to educate his Children sutably to their Condition God having given him as I have already sayd the Viscount de Turenne whose Life I here delineate he was brought up in the Protestant Religion to which his Mother shew'd her self as zealous as his Father As soon as he was come to an age ripe for Instruction he had Masters given him accordingly some appointed to teach him the Exercizes befitting a Person of his Quality 't is inconceivable how easily he learnt every thing which sufficiently Testify'd the Vivacity of his Wit Nevertheless as some things he apply'd himself more willingly to than others his Inclination lay for those that concern'd Arms For as for Sciences he set himself slightly to them or as I may say for fashions sake which sometimes put Monsieur de Bouillon out of humour because he would have render'd him accomplisht in all things When he had attain'd fifteen years of Age Monsieur de Bouillon resolv'd to send him into Holland at that time the School of War for all Persons of Quality and where was already his Eldest Brother For the States after having brought Spain to demand a Truce saw themselves upon the point of renewing Hostilities for ascertaining their freedom He gave him Letters for Prince Maurice his Brother in Law the Greatest Captain of his Age and the Person to whom the Hollanders are most endebted for their Establishment For tho' they began to cast off the Spaniards yoak under William Prince of Orange and that they acquir'd their freedom under the Government of Frederick Henry We may say that without Maurice they would have found it difficult to compass their Designs This Prince being the Person who began not only to restore Discipline in Armies but likewise put in Practice a world of things till then unknown by Judges He had the Love of his Souldiers beyond Imagination was fear'd by his Enemies and esteem'd by all his Neighbours Worthy in short of Commanding the Greatest States but happy in having been only the Head of a rising Commonwealth since so many Great events can only be imputed to his virtue The Viscount de Turenne had had Order at his Departure from Sedan to apply himself to all that Prince should do as to a Perfect Model
that time Tho' Monsieur de Turenne was vext to see his hopes miscarry Yet he comforted himself for he thought after having done what lay in his Pow'r he cou'd do no more that he had gone a great way in making known his Zeal to the King and that His Prince being inform'd of it it was now for his Majesty to Command his Return when he judg'd it fitting In the mean while the War that had been made in Flanders with much fury the Campain afore cool'd thro' the Spaniards want of Forces they having caus'd a great part of their Troups to march towards Italy The Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia Governess of the Low-Countries being afraid the Hollanders might make advantage of that occasion bethought her self then to make several Proposals of a Truce and tho' the Hollanders knew on what Account these Overtures were made the desire they had to enjoy some Quiet after troubles of Eighty Years continuance caus'd 'em to suffer themselves to be amuz'd The Cardinal de Richelieu resolving at any rate to cross these Negotiations sent an Embassadour to the Hague who by the help of Money which he did not want brought the States to change their Sentiments who instead of that Truce Struck-up a new Allyance with the King The Prince Palatine then at the Hague whose Interest led him to Create Enemies to the Spaniards Us'd also on his part his utmost Pow'r to frustrate their Negotiations but with all this he had but a very slender Prospect of recovering his Imaginary Royalty or his Quality of Elector which the Emperour had stript him of with it to invest the Duke of Bavaria Dayly did he receive new Mortifications and People far from acknowledging him as King of Bohemia as he fain wou'd have been own'd his near Relations deny'd him so much as the Quality he inherited by his Birth and added to the outrages done him by his Enemies Injuries to him still more sensible The Duke of Newburgh being come to the Hague to adjust some Differences he had with the Republick refus'd him the Upper-hand and this provoking the Prince Palatine such things pass'd between these two Princes as would have transported 'em to Blows had not the Prince of Orange Prudently interpos'd But the Viscount de Turenne the Palatine's near Kinsman espousing his Interests undertook to demand satisfaction for this Affront but cou'd not bring it about because the Duke of Newburgh wou'd not accept of a Duel Two or three days pass'd before this new Quarrel was terminated and in the mean while so many Persons throng'd to the Mareschal de Turenne to offer him their Service as sufficiently manifested the great value the world had for him The Prince of Orange was not sorry for this Accident for he was in the Interest of the Prince Palatine but out of an unwillingness to declare himself he oblig'd the Viscount de Turenne to make some Excuses to the Duke of Newburgh In the mean while matters of a much greater Consequence occurr'd in France Cardinal Richelieu whose favour augmented more and more notwithstanding the hatred of his Enemies inclin'd the King to Succour Powerfully the Duke of Mantoua upon the point of being oppress'd But the Spaniards to divert this Blow induc'd the Duke of Orleans with whom they kept Correspondence to retire into Lorrain where the Duke a great lover of Novelties afforded him a Retreat Tho' such a juncture was capable of laying by all other thoughts the Cardinal de Richelieu who sutably as Difficulties augmented perceiv'd his Courage to encrease after having pacify'd the best he cou'd Domestick troubles procur'd from the King the Quality of Generalissimo in Italy and with a Flourishing Army march'd away towards Savoy For in the occasion that then offer'd it self the first thing to be done was to see if the Duke of Savoy wou'd keep to the late Treaty and conformably to what had been resolv'd on joyn his Troups to those of the King or if he would take the Party of his Enemies The Duke of Savoy upon the first Proposals made him of this matter sought out Evasions and Pretexts to avoid declaring himself one while excusing the Emperour and Spaniards for what they had done and another making semblance of blaming them contriving thus to gain time But the Cardinal as Crafty as He not contenting himself with these put-offs press'd him so hard to say what he would stick to that he was at length oblig'd to promise Provisions for the Army and to joyn Troups in case the Peace then in Discourse prov'd difficult to conclude But he no sooner fancy'd he had diverted the Storm but that forgetting his Promises he not only deny'd Provisions but also kept upon the Borders of the Army to take his advantages on 't if occasion serv'd The Cardinal de Richelieu finding there was no trusting him had a Design to surprise him at Rivoli a House of Pleasure whither he was gone to take the Diversion of Hunting but the Duke being advertiz'd of it as it is believ'd by the Duke of Montmorency had time to scape to Turin with the Prince his Son The Cardinal having miss'd his Aim declar'd openly against him and without any more ceremony laid all his Territories Wast and after this making a show as if he would besiege Turin he oblig'd him to put the better part of his Forces into that Town But having made that feint only the better to Compass his Designs upon Pignerol he laid Siege to that Place and took the Town in one Days time Insomuch that nothing now stood out but the Cittadel The Cittadel quickly follow'd the Town 's Destiny the Cardinal being become Master of it he Employ'd his Troups in the Conquest of the Places that are in the Marquisate of Saluces The Duke of Savoy who had Secret Intelligences with the Spaniards having demanded Succours of them in so pressing an Occasion they sent him Troups and Money and while he made head against the Cardinal they laid Siege to Cazal Spinola Commanding their Troups as I have already said detach'd his Son to attack Pont-desture which Thoiras had Fortify'd and made himself Master of it allmost at the same time the Imperialists found the means to Enter Mantoua Surrendred to them by Treachery Of all the Dominions of the Duke of Mantoua he had only Cazal left nay and that so shut-up by Spinola that there was no likelihood of its being able to hold out long The Garrison wanted Provisions and no means could be contriv'd how to get any In. This Extremity having induc'd the King to pass himself into Italy he put his Kingdom into the Best Order and Posture he cou'd and having left an Army under the Duke of Orleans to defend the Campagne he made his Resentment fall upon the Duke of Savoy to whose Infidelity he attributed all these Disorders Being entred his Countrey he in a few days subdu'd all Savoy saving Montmelian at which he thought it not convenient to stop These good
Now to appease a little his Complaints the Spaniards sent him some Money with a promise of aiding him Suddainly with a potent Army And indeed they began to make many Leavies in their territories but they were no sooner Compleat but that their own Interests being dearer to them than those of another they design'd them for Flanders whose Conquest the King had laid aside tho' he seem'd to apply his thoughts a little more than formerly to th' Affairs of Italy Nevertheless as the passes were Stopp'd up these New-rais'd forces were to be shipp'd to be transported into that Countrey But the Hollanders having as much Interest as we to hinder their landing put forth at the same time to Sea under the Command of Admiral Tromp which so Startled the Spaniards tho' much stronger in Men and Shipping that they retir'd into the King of Englands Ports with whom they had made an advantageous Treaty Yet as the King of England was under no rupture with the Hollanders they hop'd still to find some favorable Occasion to beat the Spaniards But the King put forty Men of Warr out to sea under Colour of Securing his Coasts and those Ships being posted between the Spaniards and them broak all their Measures In the mean while a thick fogg arising the Spaniards by favour of the English who cover'd their Motions attempted to pass on to Dunkirk and the Hollanders not perceiving it till a little late cou'd not hinder some Ships from Entring the Port nevertheless the greatest part having been cut off before they cou'd Joyn the rest were forc'd to fly without the English making any shew of giving them Succours for the King of England against whom the Hollanders wou'd have been reduc'd to declare Warr if he persever'd thus in protecting their Enemies wou'd not proceed openly to Hostilities for fear of making his People still more Malecontent they having thro' Presbiterian Cant and Artifice been brought to degenerate much in their Loyalty to the Crown The Spaniards retir'd again into his Ports but seeing they spent and moulder'd away dayly more and more without hopes of being able to induce the English to do more for them they resolv'd to return into Spain as soon as they shou'd find the Occasion A mist again arising at two or three days End they fancy'd that as it had been favourable to them the former â—â—me it might be stâ—â—â— so this But Tromp Suspecting their Design having been more amply informâ—â— of it by some Slight Vessels which he kepâ— cruizing up and down that he might have due information set Saile immediately and after an Engagement of Nine Hours continuance obtain'd so signal a Victory that he took Sixteen Ships and sunck severall Others This good success was of great moment for us as well as for the Hollanders â—oâ— it afforded us the means of besieging and taking Arras the Capital City of Artâ—is and Shelter'd the frontiere of Italy on the side of Doullens In the mean while the King of England being jealous of this Conquest was just ready to proceed to a Declaration but Cardinal Richelieu who had as many Creatures in Other Kingdoms as in our own procur'd an Insurrection of the Scotts against him which giving him as much bus'ness as he couâ—d turn his hands to he was oblig'd to leave Others at Quiet Much about the same time was it that the Portugals being encourag'd by his Promises all so cast off the Spanish yoak and that he sent the Prince of Condé against the fortress of Saâ—sâ—s standing at the Entrance into Roussillon but as if fortune delighted in favouring him still more and more it happen'd that the Spaniards meaning at any rate to defend that Place caus'd a powerfull Army to march into Catalonia which having laid desolate that Province by an Infinite Number of Vexations erected a desire in the Catalonians to break out also into a Rebellion The beginning of their Revolt burst out against the Count de 〈◊〉 st Colombe their Viceroy to whom they imputed most of their Sufferings and to whom the City of Barcelona Especially boar a great deal of ill will by reason he had Caus'd one of it's Sherifs to be poyson'd for opposing his Intentions in the Defence of it's Priviledges The Vice-Roy seeing the fury of the People against him wou'd have escap'd into the Arsenal but not thinking himself there in Safety he design'd to have embark'd upon a Galley when he was pittiously massacred by an infinite Number of that Seditious People Cardinal Richelieu wont to frame Revolts was not wanting to foment this framed to his hand He sent to assure the Catalonians of a powerfull Protection and they having deputed some among them he recâ—iv'd 'em with so much honour and Caresses that he would not have done more to the Ambâ—ssadouâ—s of the Princes ally'd to the Crown Now having Excited so many troubles in the Dominions of our Enemies and of those who were capable of giving them Succours he the more effiâ—â—aciously set himself to the Affâ—irs of Italy The King at the very Beginning of the Campagn had taken a Progress to Grenoble from whence he had allready sent Succours and where he had seen the Dutchâ—ss of Savoy his Sister she being come so farr to implore his Protection but she had not bad all manner of Contentment for such strange Propositions were made her Royal Highness â—s those of admitting a French Garrison into Montmelian and sending her Son to Paris to be brought up with the Dauphin that she perceiv'd but too late the French had a design rather to invade her Countrey than restore the Lawfull Master to it However having had sufficient Constancy to resist these Proposals in favour of which the Court offer'd her a thousand advantageous things the King at length desisted from it and the Brother and Sister parting afterwards so so content with one another the King return'd to Paris and the Dutchess of Savoy to her own home Cardinal de la Valette dying during these Occurrences he left the Army under Viscount de Turenne's Command he having been made Lieutenant General but laid the Cardinals Death so much to heart that he could not relish the pleasure he wou'd have had at another time for his new Dignity The Dutchess of Savoy being return'd conjur'd him a-new but with Earnest desires that he wou'd not abandon her but besides it 's not lying in his pow'r to do so without order Cardinal de la Vallette's Death did not allow him to desire it not that what he had done had been out of jealousy but because it wou'd have seem'd he had refus'd to take upon him the Conduct of the Army for that it was a troublesome Province at that time as consisting not of above six thousand Men but his Prudence supplying all he put himself in a posture of disturbing the Enemies Designs they pretending to avail themselves of the Generals Death However the Court had no sooner notice of this Accident than that it nominated
from going his Discourse with the Cardinal was tart and eager and much more ready to quarrel with him than to give him any good words The Queen-Mother being justly incens'd that a man of la Riviere's Birth should so embroile affairs again that the Kingdom was ready to relapse into Disorder and Confusion propos'd to the Prince of Conde without whom her Majesty durst not venture upon any thing to have him taken into Custody But the Prince fearing lest this might the more exasperate the Duke of Orleans and as he was at that time far from the Resolutions which he since embrac'd he desir'd the Queen to take Milder Courses The Queen follow'd his Advice and things were Pacify'd more easily than expected for La Riviere having had the wind of what was propos'd against him fearing lest the Prince of Condé might suffer him to be Expos'd to that Princesses just Resentment was the first to Suggest to his Master the Renouncing of that Danger Yet tho' the times hereby seem'd to have retriev'd their Serenity yet was it not of any long Continuance The Parliament being made up of many Members who out of private Considerations hated the Cardinal they were not at quiet till they had rais'd new Combustions They had recourse to the Coadjutour whose haughty Spirit and full of Ambition was equally inflam'd with the Desire of wreaking his Revenge for the Contempt the Queen had had of him and to fiâ—â— the Cardinals Room However as he did not find his Shoulders strong enough all alone to accomplish so great a Design he tempted the Prince of Condé's fidelity and insinueted into his Highness such great hopes that he prevail'd with this Prince to promise him something However he did not keep his Word with him which so Vex'd the Coadjutour that without having regard to the Respect owing to his Birth he spoke of him in very ungratefull Terms and which being again told to this Prince gave the start to that strong Aversion which they since prosecuted against one another The Coadjutour no longer minding to husband him Phancying he might pester him so much the more by striking up an Union with the Prince of Conti his Brother out with him at that time upon the account of some Amours he sought to regain his Confidence and having but sped too well in that Design He had him declar'd Head of the Party of the Frondeurs a name giv'n to those that had Sworn the Cardinals Ruine In the mean while the Parliament still continued its meeting and the Princes of the Blood were there for the most past present by their Authority to divert the finister Resolution that Assembly wou'd otherwise have taken The Prince of Condé whose hatred to the Coadjutour Extended to all those who had any Affinity with him seeing that Viole one of the Boldest Frondeurs had bolted out something against the Cardinal interrupted him smartly and the Other nevertheless continuing his Invective he threatned him with his Hand This Action did not please the Company that pretended a Right to Command Pow'rs still above him But as they were fearfull all their resentment only appear'd in a surd Murmur which nevertheless went to his very heart And indeed whether that his Highness imagin'd he had lost it's Affection by what had happen'd or that he was Stimulated by the Mareschal de Grammont he undertook to humble it to that Degree as that it never more might be in a Condition to attribute so much Pow'r to it self Yet a Difficult matter was it for him to effect his Purposes for the Parisians infinite in number made its Cause their own and the Court had Sufficiently perceiv'd by what had happen'd that there was no imprifoning any of its Members with Impunity wherefore he took another Course which was to block up Paris hoping the Parisians would no sooner find Scarcity and Dearness in their Town but that they would attribute their Miseries to those they then stil'd their Protectors The Design was Great this Prince having but Seav'n or Eight thousand Men but his Passion showing him more things easy than they really were he prevail'd with the Duke of Orleans to Strike in with this Resolution by the means of the Abbot de la Riviere to whom he promis'd that the Court wou'd abandon the Prince of Conti's Interests at Rome for the giving him satisfaction This Resolution being taken they caus'd the King to leave Paris with the Duke D'Anjou his Brother and the Queen carry'd him to St Germain en Laye to see from thence as from off a Theatre what wou'd be the result of so great an Enterprize In the mean while the Grandees were sollicited by each side to declare themselves and the Parliament allur'd-in some of them dayly to come and offer it their Service for they did not speak their Intentions to be against the King on the Contrary they publish'd Manifests by which they made appear that the Cardinal to stretch the Royal Authority too far shock'd all the orders of the Kingdom and brought the State within an ace of it's Ruine Besides the Prince of Conti who had embrac'd it's Party as I have already hinted the Duke d'Elboeuf the Duke de Bouillon and several others had already declar'd themselves in it's favour The Viscount de Turenne was press'd to do the same with his Army and the Duke de Bouillon expecting these Commotions wou'd make way for his Restauration in Sedan never ceas'd solliciting him to draw near Paris He was Deaf to his Persuasions as long as there were any Enemies in the Field but seeing the Peace made he began to think it no such Criminal business to improve his Brothers Pretensions joyn'd to this that he was piqu'd against the Cardinal who after such long Services had newly refus'd him a favour he had requir'd of him for one of his Friends The Cardinal distrusting his Resentment forthwith dispatcht away Hervart Controlleur General of the Finances to his Army and Hervart by the means of his Money having gain'd the Colonels they abandoned the Viscount de Turenne tho' they had promis'd his Excellency to assist him in all his Undertakings Hervart's Design was after this to have seiz'd on his Person but having notice giv'n him by an Officer he stept aside betimies and made his Escape The Spaniards knowing his Experience did all in their Pow'r to get him enter France in the Head of one of their Armies but as things were not long without coming to an Accommodation they cou'd not derive all the Advantages they expected from these Commotions In the mean while the Blockade of Paris made so numerous a People Clamour and perceiving a Scarcity on the very first day of the March above half of 'em repented of what they had done however now it was too late the Parliament in whom resided the Sovereign Authority not being reduc'd to such great Distress far from talking of humbling themselves pass'd a new Arrest against the Cardinal but the Prince of
against her Consent These Conjunctures having brought prejudice to the Intentions of the King of England his Fleet return'd into Port after having been notably endamag'd by foul weather The King of England being incenc'd at France's Breach of Promise and having resolv'd to be reveng'd was still excited by Buckingham who joyn'd to the Resentment of the King his Master his own Private Piques The occasion was quickly offer'd The Hughenots having found after the Peace they had newly concluded that it had been only made to divide and set them at odds threw themselves into his Arms and having implored his Protection he promis'd it tho' not so much for their sakes as his own This Transaction was not so secretly manag'd but that Richelieu a Minister that spar'd no Costs for Intelligence had intimation of it from several parts but tho' this gave him some Alarum yet was it nothing in Comparison of the Disquiet things put him under that were brewing in the Kingdom The Spaniards to prevent their medling in Forreign matters endeavour'd to find 'em work at Home And knowing the bent of the Duke of Orleans's temper who turn'd and Weather-cock'd it as I may say with all winds they had prepar'd him for strange Novelties This Prince being look'd on as Presumtive-Heir of the Crown for that his Brother had no Children nay and without hopes of having any wanted not Creatures to in-blow him with ill Counsel for some out of the Spleen they bore the New Minister and others in hopes of a better fortune had a furious grudging for a Change The Queen her self had a deep hand in this Intrigue for the Spanish Embassadour having possess'd her she shou'd be suddenly repudiated on the score of her Sterility she bent her thoughts to ruine Richelieu whom she look'd upon as the Author of that Counsel The Queen Mother out of the same Passion of removing him from Affairs still augmented her Daughter in Law 's Suspicions so as she was inclin'd to baulk no means as might prevent this Misfortune The Count of Soissons Prince of the Blood espous'd the Interests of the two Queens with Messieurs de Vendôme and many other Persons of the first Quality at Court and their Intention was to Marry the Duke of Orleans with the Infanta of Spain the Queen Regnant's Sister that in Case the King came to dye she might remain in France with Honour without being oblig'd to return into Spain as a Person unhappy and a Fugitive The Duke of Orleans had another Design he lov'd the Queen and wou'd have been well Content his Brother had been Dead or put into a Convent that he might be in a capacity to satisfy his Passion But the Mareschal D'Ornano who had been his Governour and still retain'd a great Authority over his Mind jumpt in neither of their Projects He was enamour'd of the Princess of Condé and to ingratiate himself the better with her he had promis'd her his Master should never Marry any other than the Princess her Daughter since marry'd to Mr. de Longueville This Obstacle retarded the Queen's Design But Madam de Chevreuse their Confident occasion'd another sturdy Impediment For being in love with Chalais Master of the Queen's Wardrobe and having told all to him in Private he went and told it again to the King and alarm'd him to that Degree that his Majesty wou'd have had forthwith confin'd his Mother Wife and Brother with all those engag'd in their Intrigue Richelieu had all the pain imaginable to Moderate his Passion But having remonstrated to him that if he wou'd secure his Revengâ— it was needfull to Dissemble He went to Fontainebleau where he Causâ—d the Mareschal D'Ornano to be secur'd with Mr. de Vendôme The Count of Soisson's withdrew into Italy and by his flight evaded â— like treatment and perhaps a Worse for neither the King nor Richelieu lov'd him and perchance might have made sure of him against the future by some fatal Resolution The Queen was Ill treated both by the King and Richelieu who meant by this means to be reveng'd for her slights to him had Chang'd his Love into Hate Messieurs de Vendôme were releas'd some time after out of Prison but the Mareschal D'Ornano dy'd in 't not without suspition of having been poyson'd The Duke of Orleans's Chastisement was to be match'd out of hand to the Courts mind and he marry'd Mademoiselle de Montpensier a Princess of the Blood and extremely Rich. Nevertheless he wou'd more willingly have Embrac'd a forraign Allyance out of the Design he had of raising a Commotion But what made him desire it being a Reason not to grant it he was under an obligation to Conform to the Will of the King his Brother who promis'd in consideration of this Complyance to forget all former Passages The Queen Mother having been at first desirous for another Allyance shew'd herself in the sequel passionate for this But the most sagacious attributed it to her Policy which did not allow her to declare her Reall Sentiments So as that the World did this notwithstanding entertain the Opinion that this still the more incens'd her against Richelieu to whom she before bore sufficient ill will because gradually as he made Progresses in the Kings Favour he endeavour'd to drive her thence All that I have now said did not however hinder this Minister from making a Treaty with the Spanaird for tho his thoughts were wholly upon the Grandeur of the Kingdom he was still retain'd by the fear of the Queen Mother who ever threaten'd him if he came to an Open Rupture with that Crown But underhand he neglected Nothing that might tend to Create it troubles He sent Money into Holland and endeavour'd to Engage the King of Sueden to make head against the Greatness of that House the German Branch of which was become so formidable to Other Princes that it had nothing left to do but taking of Straelsundt for the reducing them into an absolute Slavery The Duke of Mantoua's Death happen'd also very seasonably to furnish him with new Designs of Greatness Several Princes pretending to his Succession oppos'd the Investiture of it demanded by the Duke of Nâ—vers the Lawfull Heir and Ferdinand the Emperour requiring only a Pretext to take Possession of the Dukedome of Mantoua and the Marquisate of Montferrat then in Debate sent vast Armies into Italy All the Princes to whom that Enterprize was capable of giving jealousy had recourse to the King as they had done in the Affair of the Valteline and Richelieu notwithstanding the Cabals of the Queens and Spaniards promis'd the Venetians who seem'd more alarum'd than Others that an Army shou'd be sent beyond the Alpes to Secure the Succession to whom it belong'd And indeed the Marquis D'Vxelles had orders to draw together the Troups that were upon the frontiere and Conduct them to the succours of Cazal which the Imperialists being assisted with Spanish Troups had allready besieged But the Duke of Savoye having
hottest occasions He courted indeed the greatest Perils but did not expose himself hand over head he weigh'd things before he undertook them and in a green youth exerted the Conduct of a man of Fifty Years Boisleduc was of too great Consequence to the Spaniards to suffer it to be taken without endeavouring to relieve it for which reason the Marquis of Berghen one of their Generals was encharg'd with that Expedition and advanc'd as far as Boxtel with eighteen thousand Foot four thousand Horse but after having in vain endeavour'd to lure the Prince of O 〈◊〉 ge out of his Lines and perceiv'd he was not in a capacity to force his Camp without exposing himself to an evident Defeat he took his way towards the Rhine and having pass'd without any Obstacle that River he thought to make him raise the Siege by the fear he shou'd be under for the Places that were in the heart of the Country In effect the Prince of Orange was alarm'd at his March and much more so when he heard he had pass'd the Yssel taken Amersfort and made excursions to the very Gates of Amsterdam But while he made all the Provinces tremble the Governour of Emerick knowing he had led along with him the better part of the Garrison of Wesel took that City by Scalade and freed his Party from their Apprehensions The Marquis of Berghen fearing to be coopt up between the Rivers made a hasty retreat but not without leaving a strong suspition of Correspondence with the Prince of Orange Boisleduc having expected some Great matters from this Diversion seeing it self Closely press'd and without hopes of Succours Surrender'd after a competent long Siege and wherein the Parties on both sides had Signaliz'd their Bravery The Affairs of Italy had now had a Breathing while but were not as yet compos'd Indeed the Siege of Cazal had been rais'd but besides that the Imperialists were still around Mantoua that Siege was just upon the point of being renew'd Spinola having acquired a great Reputation in Flanders had quitted those Provinces by the King his Masters order and after having Embark'd with Numerous Troups without any Bodies taking Wind of his Design he came to land at Genoua in order to Execute the Enterprizes contriv'd against the Repose of Italy The Viscount de Turenne who notwithstanding the Remonstrances of his Mother had a great Passion to Signalize himself in the Service of his own Country seeing that according to all imaginable appearances a furious War was upon the point of being kindled between the two Crowns he lay perpetually representing to her that more Honour was to be acquired in Serving a Great Monarch than a Commonwealth not yet well settl'd But Madam de Bouillon having been born in those Provinces Cover'd under the Cloak of Religion the Inclination she had for continuing him there She durst not however openly oppose a sense of things so reasonable but to weaken them the best she cou'd she gave him to understand there was no Difference between the Service he did the King in another Country and that he did him in his Own that besides the Allyance which this Prince had with the Commonwealth he it was that furnish'd it with necessaries for Carrying on the War maintaining there actually a Body of ten thousand Men in the head of whom was a Mareschal of France and that fighting as he did in those Troups 't was fighting for the King for whose Service he manifested so much Passion that besides she had the Comfort of knowing him with the Prince of Orange her Brother who wou'd ever take more Care of him than wou'd do another not so near related that he must have patience at least wait till the King desir'd him and that if he meant to enhance his Value he must not Discover his Eagerness But the Viscount de Turenne knew the Thoughts it became him to Entertain of this Answer For tho' Youth is ever very prone to flatter it self he did himself so much justice as not to presume so highly to his Advantage He knew well enough that at his years he was only considerable for his Birth but if that was an advantage in respect of some Persons it was not so much considerable with a Monarch that had so many greaterthan himself that reckon'd it their Glory to do him Homage Thus through the Passion he had of making himself known to his Majesty more particularly than he was he ventur'd to write to him but fearing Monsieur de Bouillon would oppose his Intention and knowing his Governour wou'd never suffer him to do it he Conceal'd the Bus'ness from 'em Both and gave his Letter to the Mareschal De Chatillon then returning to Court The Mareschal DeChatillon having deliver'd it without acquainting any other as he had promis'd the Viscount the King read it with Delight and having already heard advantageous things of this young Prince he judg'd the Good they spoke of him to be still less than what might be Expected from him Nevertheless for Reasons to me unknown he did not send for the Viscount to him for to Credit what I have heard affirm'd by certain People namely it to be on the Score of some Dissatisfactions giv'n him by the late Monsieur De Bouillon is a thing not meriting much belief The King was a Prince of too good nature to bear a grudge so long in his heart Monsieur De Bouillon had then been Seven years Dead and cou'd be of nought else accus'd than of having been too free with his Majesty in favour of those of the Religion Much more reason is there to believe Monsieur De Chatillon had serv'd him but by halves and that at the same time when he presented his Letter to the King he represented to his Majesty it 's not being convenient to take him yet from a School where he render'd himself capable of doing him one Day Great Services This was Monsieur De Turenne's thought but as he was extremely reserv'd and Prudent for his Age he only unbosom'd his Mind to his greatest Confidents adding in Excuse of Monsieur De Chatillon that if he did so he did it with a good Intention that it was out of fear he might lose his time in France where there was more prospect of a Civil than of a Forreign War In Reality the Duke of Orleans suffering himself to be led dayly away by Evil Councils was still upon the Point of giving some disquiet to the King his Brother His Wife was Dead in Child-Bed and aim he did again to match himself with some Forreign Princess to have thereby the more means to trouble the Kingdom The Enemies of Cardinal deRichelieu taking it ill that he made them so little privy to his Affairs put these thoughts in 's head People were dayly expecting that some Commotion or other wou'd break out iustead of the advantages that they might promise to themselves in the Flourishing Estate the Kingdom began to be in at
Successes gave still more Courage to the Garrison of Cazal who defended themselves with much Bravery and hoping to be quickly Releived Thoiras found it no difficult matter to make 'em support patiently Famine and other Inconveniences of a long Siege In the mean while the Spaniards being startl'd at these Conquests thinking to do much by gaining of time they amuz'd the King with some Ouvertures of Peace and the King relying on them return'd to the Queen at Grenoble But they no sooner saw him at a Distance but that they press'd Cazal more then ever Insomuch that it was reduc'd to Extremity The King dispatcht forthwith away the Mareschal de Schomberg with the Duke of Montmorency to march into those Parts and the Duke of Montmorency meeting with the Prince of Piemont near Veillaine deliver'd him Battle and utterly defeated him His Victory was follow'd with the taking of Veillaine Salluces Villa-Franca Pontrallier and with the Desolation of Piemont Turin still upheld the Duke's tottering Fortune but his Troups having been beaten in endeavouring to Defend the Passage of the Po in all likelihood the Rest of his Dominions were going to fall into his Enemies hands if not hindred by two things One the Pestilence beginning to make Great Havock in Our Troups Other his Death which brought a great Change for his Son not succeeding to his Passions as he did to his Dominions instead of resolving upon Continuing the War manifested so much inclination to Peace that he Peremptorily declar'd his meaning was to remain Neuter After this thinking that another Declaration wou'd still advance this work he promis'd to employ his Arms against that Party as shou'd refuse to make Peace so as this wrought a Truce to be made between the Spaniards and Us by which Cazal was promis'd to be deliver'd to them in a certain time in case of Non-Relief and they bound themselves on their side to furnish the Garrison with victuals of which it had extreme need All the Parties believ'd they had got by this Treaty for the Spaniards imagin'd they had been sufficiently Cunning in having been able to hinder our Troups from passing on Wee pretended to have sav'd Cazal by delivering it from Famine and gaining time to relieve it Be it as it will Mazarine who had a hand in this Treaty and came to the King as far as Grenoble on this Account thereby acquir'd great Honour and this Beginning of good fortune laid the foundation of his future Advancement Spinola having likewise been employ'd in this Treaty did not gain the like Repute On the contrary the Spaniards having complain'd of his easiness in making this Cessation they began to misuse him and their ill treatment being so much the more sensible to him in that he had rendred them great Services the grief of it Kill'd him In the mean while as greater Preparations than ever were making on the one side to Succour Cazal on the other to Attack it News came that Monsieur de Lion and Father Joseph a Capuchin the Cardinals Confident residing at Ratisbon on the King's behalf had made a Treaty by which the Emperour was to give the Duke of Mantoua the Investiture of his Dominions This Treaty in all Probability must make all the Parties concern'd lay down their Arms but none being content because it contain'd several matters which each side interpreted to it's Disadvantage this notwithstanding the Armies march'd The Marquis de St. Croix succeeding Spinola in the Command of the Troups of Spain and being already come before Cazal kept close and cover'd in his Lines hoping the scituation of his Camp wou'd hinder us from passing the River of Gattola between him and Us but knowing we had Cross'd it a terrour was spread among his Forces and Mazarine being there as a Sub-delegate of the Pope's Nuncio taking that time to make New Propositions Both Parties ceas'd Hostilities 'till they had seen the Result of his Negotiation Fortune that had been already propitious to him did not abandon him in this occasion for after sundry goings and comings he prevail'd with both Parties not to proceed further The Principal Conditions of this Treaty were that we should remit Cazal into the hands of an Italian Garrison Subject to the Duke of Mantoua But having caus'd some French to enter Disguis'd into the Place the Hostilities were just a going to be renew'd had not Mazarine interpos'd again Nothing more now remain'd than the restoring to the Duke of Savoy the Places taken from his Father but the Cardinal de Richelieu being minded to retain Pignerol the taking of which was his Atchievement he wou'd never listen to any such-Proposals as were contrary to what he intended In the mean while new Troubles arose in France and gradually as the Cardinals Repute encreased among Strangers his Enemies endeavour'd to debase him in France The Duke of Orleans who serv'd for an Implement to all the Male-contents who were hewing at and undermining the Cardinal's fortune Vext that a Certain Person had been confin'd to Vincennes took thence Occasion to withdraw from Court and went to Orleans The King no sooner knew of his Departure but being Inform'd at the same time of the Correspondence he had with Foreigners he resolv'd to prevent the Inconveniencies that might happen if he left the Kingdom For which Reason he sent Men after him to Seize on his Person and went himself to Second those Men in Case it Chanc'd to break forth into a Rebellion The Duke of Orleans knowing with what Design the King his Brother was departed Paris left Orleans and fled into Burgundy where the Duke de Bellegarde Governour of the Province had promis'd him a Retreat But having found all things there ill dispos'd for Maintaining a War and besides several Persons who had promis'd to follow his fortune having fail'd him he past on into la Franche-Comâ—è and from thence into Lorrain whither he was call'd by New-Amours The Duke of Lorrain of as Turbulent a Temper at least as the Duke of Orleans receiv'd him with Open Arms and to make sure of him gave him his Sister Marguerite in Marriage a Princess of Extraordinary Beauty but of somewhat an Odd sort of Humour The King suspecting the Queen-Mother not only to have â—ent a hand to all these Transactions but to have been the Cause of 'em by her Ill Councils commanded Her to retire to Compeigne and put Her under Guards The Queen-Mother provok'd a this Ill-treatment only watcht to deceive their Vigilance to make her Escape to Capelle where she had Intelligence with the Governour Cardinal Richelieu being her greatest Enemy and willing to have her far enough off tho' he ow'd to her the Obligation of his fortune commanded the Guards to allow Her the Occasion of making her Escape But himself Securing Capelle that Princess found no Harbour there so as not knowing where to put her Head she entred the Low-Countreys where the Governess receiv'd her neither more nor less than if she had
the Count de Harcourt to supply the Room of Cardinal de la Vallette which it would not have done as having sufficient Confidence in the Viscount de Turenne if the Concerns of his family had not been in such a state as render'd him in some manner suspected I said before that the Count de Soissons was retir'd to Sedan and had been Suffer'd to remain there as if nothing was to be apprehended from his Retreat but the time and juncture having occasionâ—d the harbouring other Sentiments it was believ'd that Mr de Bouillon having quitted the Service of the States and being withdrawn to his own home with the Marquis of Berghin's Daughter whom he had Marry'd fomented his Discontents and that they were both contriving how to disturb the Prosperities the Kingdom at that time enjoy'd The Sanctuary which the Duke of Guise and the Baron du Bee who were Malecontent with Cardinal Richelieu had found with him still augmented his suspicions and the Court fearing the Viscount de Turenne might Espouse his Interests to the prejudice of his Duty it was very willing to tye his hands from doing ill supposing him so inclin'd In the mean while the Count de Harcourt was no sooner nominated to go Command the Troups in Italy but that he went away Post for the greater Expedition He found the Viscount de Turenne had allready atchiev'd sundry Exploits and being very willing to Share in the honour that must thence redound to him he went to the Army the Command of which he took upon him Tho' the Viscount de Turenne had some Occasion not to be Satisfy'd with his Arrival he paid him all the Duties he ow'd to his General joyn'd to this that his Birth and Peculiar Merit challeng'd a decent demeanour to him The Count de Harcourt being the best bred of all Mankind return'd him his Civilities with usury but neither of 'em stopping at these outward Marks of Civility they contracted together so strong a Friendship aâ— not to be able to be without one anothers Company The Count de Harcourt signaliz'd his arrival with very glorious beginnings and tho' his Army was no more than four thousand Foot and three thousand Horse yet fail'd he not of performing Enterprises that seem'd above his forces The Spaniards meaning to Cross them advanc'd to meet him whilst Prince Thomas march'd directly to the River de which the Count de Harcourt was to pass for the making his Retreat The Count de Harcourt knowing the Spaniard had double his Number of Men did not think Convenient to venture a Battle and march'd away to the Bridge de la Route as Prince Thomas had well foreseen but perceiving he was penn'd-up between the two Armys he made hast to pass the Bridge while the Viscount de Turenne by his Order intrench'd himself there to stop the Spaniards He then march'd against Prince Thomas who advanc'd fancying he cou'd not miss of Victory but fortune declaring her self in favour of the Count de Harcourt as a reward for so bold an Action and manag'd with so much judgement Prince Thomas was beaten tho' his Personal Performances were Extraordinary As Leganez cou'd not be ignorant that they were Engag'd from the Noise of Cannons and the Volleys from the Muskets which he heard distinctly made hast to arrive at the River and after having taken some Carriages that had not as yet had time to pass he caus'd the Bridge to be attack'd which was defended with great Courage This Resistance cool'd the Spaniards heat and having known Prince Thomas allready to be Deseated they durst not attempt to force the Bridge for fear of enlarging their Misfortune by some fresh Mishap However the Viscount de Turenne having caus'd his Troups to pass the River was follow'd so closely as reduc'd him several times to face about but the Enemies having perceiv'd by his looks there was no great matter to be got by him left him to joyn the Count de Harcourt without using any further Impediment This Success being equally admir'd by Friends and Enemies rais'd the Count de Harcout's fame to a high pitch and tho' the Viscount de Turenne seem'd to have little share in it by reason th' other had the Command in Chief yet was part of it nevertheless attributed to him but this the Count de Harcourt was so very far from finding fault at he own'd himself that things wou'd no perchaâ—se have turn'd so happily if he had not contributed thereunto with his Courage and Conduct The Spaniards joyning afterwards Prince Thomas we durst not keep the Field however the jealousy they had of one another hinder d them from atchieving any considerable matter and the Dutchess taking that time to make new Proposals to her Brothers in Law so as the world at length thought an accommodation must infallibly be brought about considering the advantages Both Parties must thence derive for Cardinal Maurice had the Dutchesses Eldest Daughter offer'd him for a Wife with a considerable Portion and as he had his mind possess'd with an opinion that the Young Duke of Savoye cou'd not live he thereby secur'd to himself the Succession On the other side they offer'd Prince Thomas to dismember the Dutchy and to invest him with the Sovereignty of some places But these Princes began to become jealous of one another thro' these Proposals which wou'd severally have fitted their turns but displeas'd 'em in Common out of the Passion each had to attribute to himself the Sovereign Pow'r at last they began to harbour a Diffidence of one another and Leganez not having 'till then been able to obtain their Consent to his laying siege to Cazal took so favourable a time to attack it The Spaniards had ever consider'd that Conquest as the most important they could make in Italy but fancying it cou'd not miss falling into their hands after the Count de Harcourts retreat and the Bickerings of those two Brothers they march'd thither with such great Confidence that they neglected taking a world of Precautions needfull to their Enterprize But what made them believe it the more certain atchievement is that the Garrison was weak and that La Tour the Commander of the place had reason to distrust the Inhabitants the most part of whom held Correspondence with the Dutchess Thus by minding affairs within doors this Governour as I may say forgot affairs without doors and gave Leganez time to make his approaches Leganez seeing every thing contributing to his Success press'd on his point and met with no other Impediments than the wonted inconveniencies of the Season not much advanc'd as yet In the mean while he dayly expected the Tydings of Rossignano's being taken having sent thither a Detachment by reason it might have obstructed and Cut off Provisions from going to his Army Rossignano was only a plain Castle but tho' the Garrison had not any hopes of Succours yet it held out longer than expected nay and beyond La Tour's hopes La Tour took thence
Duke of Bouillon unhappily engag'd in that Affair But the Cardinal who had Spies in all Places having been inform'd of this Intrigue resolv'd to go to the Army and Cause Cinqmars to be Secur'd when he least expected it Cinqmars having taken care to Exasperate the King against him and knowing he was the day following to set forward on his Journey so order'd the Matter that the King sent to tell him he should not take the pains but remain at Narbonne under the pretence however that this wou'd be injurious to his health But this Minister understanding at half a Word fancying himself lost after this Proceedure pretended to need the Baths of Tarascon that at all adventures he might draw near the Province of Daupâ—iné whose Governours were at his Devotion However after having thus taken Care for the security of his Person he wrote a very secret Letter to the Mareschal de Grammont Commanding an Army in Flanders a man entirely at his Disposall This Mareschal following his Orders or at least as Politicians have conjectur'd Suffer'd himself to be beaten at the Battel of Honnecourt and his Defeat having left the frontiere to the Spaniards Discretion the King fancying none but the Cardinal cou'd salve up this Bus'ness sent him Courier after Courier to desire him to return but fearing he might not repair soon enough to him he quitted the Siege of Perpignan with a Resolution to go to him as farr as Tarascon On the way the Cardinal sent him the Treaty Cinqmars had negotiated in Spain and he was believ'd to have receiv'd it from Fontrailles being the same who went thither on his behalf Be it as it will the King highly incens'd at this treason caus'd Cinqmars to be taken into Custody at Narbonne with Mr. de Thou to whom Cinqmars had imparted his secret The Duke of Orleans had order to Withdraw and Letters were sent with all hast into Italy with Orders to the Count du Plessis Praslin to Secure the Person of the Duke of Bouillon This Conspiracy being thus dissipated the Mareschal Meilleraye having been left before Perpignan with the Mareschal de Scomberg who had led thither the Troups of his Government plaid his part so effectually that having hinder'd the Succours that came by Sea he reduc'd the Town to the Obedience of his King The Viscount de Turenne pretending from his Majesty the same Recompences newly confer'd on la Motte Houdancourt saw himself far from them as soon as he was acquainted with his Brothers Case of whom they talk'd no less than of beheading Thus instead of the hopes with which he was animated a little while afore he found himself Seiz'd with fear Expecting every hour the News of his Brothers being in Prison And indeed this Unhappy Prince whom his Destiny had hurry'd into the Precipice having as it were a Secret fore-knowledge of what was like to befall him harbour'd no Mirth for some time past he was wont to be affable and Courteous to all People but his Melancholly having wholly Chang'd him Every one perceiv'd he shun'd Company and if the Duty of his Charge cou'd have permitted him to be all alone he wou'd have taken the leaving him to himself as a very great Complement As it was impossible but he must note himself this Change he attributed it to some remorses which came upon him from time to time for having Embark'd himself in so dangerous an Affair He consider'd he had allready several Children and that he Expos'd them to a strange fortune if what he had undertaken miss'd of being accomplish'd for to pretend to any favour from the Cardinal was a thing not to be thought of he had had a thousand troubles to appease him the last time and if the King had not been more indulgent than his Eminency he wou'd never have obtain'd his Pardon All these Considerations however held his Mind in suspence for on another side he made Reflexion that he should be ever Expos'd to his Caprices and that as long as he stood possess'd of the Authority he had there wou'd never be any safety for him He still remember'd a saying of his Uncle the Prince of Orange Namely that he wou'd never be a Sovereign as long as he was oblig'd to remain under the Protection of France which Crown was wont to appropriate to it self the things it cou'd once lay hand to He besides remembred a thousand grating Letters he had receiv'd from the King and his Minister wherein both of 'em spoke to him with that Absoluteness and Superiority that they made no difference between his Character and that of a Subject he fancy'd at least that if he must depend on some body he ought to derive more regard than he did from his Dependancy and this he hop'd to Compass by humbling the Cardinal and something some Division in the Kingdom As his mind was solely possess'd with these sorts of Reflexions he lay under an Extraordinary impatience to know whether Cinqmars wou'd perform his word but having been told i 〈◊〉 had lain in his Power several times to have kill'd the Cardinal whom he had privately discourst he grew sensible that people often Engage themselves to more than they mean to do either out of Imprudence oâ— for want of Consideration This failing of his Confederates word made him Prognosticate no good of the Upshot However he seem'd absolutely re-incourag'd by Cinqmars his Letters who let him know he had entirely gain'd the Kings Good Opinion and that this Prince had refus'd to see the Cardinal But just as he began so sooth himself with finâ—r hopes came a Courier to him in private having got half an hour the start of the Messenger sent to the Count de Plessis and acquainted him with the Wretched Estate of his Concerns As the Peril was urging and he had no time to lose he was allready thinking of making his Escape into the Land of Milan when he knew that the Count du Plessis after having receivâ—d his Courier had giv'n order for stopping the Passages and had left his House with design to Execute the Orders that were sent him In so great an Exigency he chose to hide himself in a Hay-rick but the Count du Plessis having notice of it had him Seiz'd and Conducted into a place of Safety The News of his Imprisonment being come to the Viscount de Turenne it is impossible to conceive the bitterness of his Affliction He already represented to himself that Dear Brother upon a Scaffold and being unable to dwell upon this thought without shedding a torrent of tears he struck all that saw him with Compassion He a thousand times Curst the Spaniards by whose artifices his Brother had been will-ith-wispt into this Precipice and knowing they were marching a Body toward Sedan to offer Madame de Bouillon their Protection he dispatcht to her a Messenger to begg her not to accept onâ—t unless she meant to ruine her Husband He sent another to the Prince of Orange to
much trouble the World believ'd this to be capable of making the Viscount de Turenne go serve in some Foreign Countrey But this Prince seeing his family Extremely under the Hatches on the Contrary redoubl'd his Zeal for the Crown hoping in time to oblige the King to distinguish it However he had great Mortifications for his Brother having lost his Sovereignty it seem'd as if his rank wou'd have been disputed which he had acquir'd by his Birth Such as gave him the hand before pretended now to take Place of him or at least to be consider'd as his Equals These Contests arose principally at Court so as that he staid there the least he could for at the Army the rank was regulated by the Charges and he did not look on it as strange to Obey a Mareschal of France it ever having been the Practise However he found much had not yet been done for him since Bodys apart had been giv'n to Persons of neither more merit nor more Service He above all wisht to Command in Germany where it seem'd to him War was better made than in any other Place whatever But tho' the Court had born him some good will yet what had newly befall'n him must needs discard all his hopes And indeed they were far from considing in him such a Command as that after so fresh a fault Yet he desir'd it that he might signalize his fidelity and told his Friends this to be the principal reasonâ— that made him desire it As it cou'd not be but that he must have some Pique against the Cardinal of whom he had not so kind an Opinion but that he imputed to him the misfortune of his House it goar'd him to the very Heart to be oblig'd to remain under the Command of the Mareschal de Meilleraye who was another Cardinal to the Viscount He wonder'd that the King notwithstanding the suspicions he had against this Minister left all his Armies under the Command of his Relations as if there had been none in the Kingdom capable of that Employment for the Count de Harcourt commanded one as I have allready said the Mareschal de Grammont who had marry'd one of his near Kinswomen another and tho' he had behav'd himself so ill at the Battle of Honnecourt as has been before observ'd this did not prove sufficient to deprive him of his Charge But the point the most extraordinary in all this is that the King himself knew that during his illness before Perpignan all these Generalls had made Cabals in their Armies to maintain their Kinsman in the Ministry so as by that his Majesty might judge how fast they were link'd to the Cardinal's Service since to the prejudice of all Tyes and Duties their whole Endeavours had been how to preserve the Authority their family stood possess'd of Not but that he did justice to Each sutably to his Deserts he was the first to say that the Mareschal de Grammont had a great deal of Wit that la Meilleraye understood sieges to Perfection and that the Count de Harcourt tho' None of the Most Consummated of all Men in the Trade had a Courage that render'd him recommendable above the Greatest Captains And indeed this Prince had still done things in this Campagne which had been very glorious tho' not allways attended with a prosperous Success He Commanded in Flanders as I have already said and had found it somewhat a difficult Province to resist Don Francisco de Melo General of the Spanish Armies who had double his Number of Men However he had with his Courage supply'd that want and tho' France had been in great danger especially after the Mareschal de Grammonts Defeat he had hinder'd the Enemies from making advantage of their Victory and had Confin'd their Conquests to so Scanty a Bus'ness that we were hardly sensible of them The truth is Melo had been faulty being not to be prevail'd with to joyn the Imperiall Troupes that acted towards the Rhine But this did not at all lessen this Prince's Glory who had ever Exerted the same steddyness and who not being in a posture to venture a Battle had done so much by his Address that he ruin'd the Enemies Army and recover'd from it before the year Expir'd all that it had been able to take during the Compagne Thus we may say that this year was a most Glorious one to France as having reduc'd the Princes of Savoy to the Obedience they ow'd their Sovereign conquir'd Roussillon preserv'd Catalonia dissipated Domestick troubles carry'd it's Arms into the very Kingdom of Arragon and in fine augmented it's Reputation in Germany without so many successes having been Clouded with any considerable loss unless that of the Mareschal de Grammonts But this Defeat was nothing in Comparison of that of General Lamboy to whom the Count de Guebriant who began to render himself famous in Germany had deliver'd Battle after having render'd himself Master of Orlinghen tho' he saw himself threatned on another side by General Haâ—field who endeavour'd to coop him up between Lamboy and himself The Benefit derived from this Victory was the taking of Nuitz of Kempen and of some Other Towns of less Moment joyn to this that the Imperialists had been forc'd to give breathing time to the Suedes whom before they follow'd without intermission The Count de Guebriant had also derived thence particular advantages for his own fortune For besides some benefits he had received from the King he was made Mareschal of France But as Fortune does often grow weary of favouring one and the same Person he was compell'd sometime after to raise the Siege of Lekenik He quickly reveng'd himself for this little Disgrace by the Defeat of Jean de Wert who had like to have drawn him into an Ambuscade wherein he himself was caught The Suedes revengâ—d him also wonderfully well for having decoy'd the Duke of Saxâ—-Lawemburg into a Trap they laid for him most of his men were then kill'd and he himself so dangerously Wounded that he hardly surviv'd his Defeat Then they took Schuwiâ—z and Olmutz and wou'd have pusht their Conquests further if the Arch-Duke Leopold having joyn'd with Picolomini had not compeli'd them to raise the Siege of Briâ—g which they had undertaken after the Conquest of O'multz However the same misfortune befell the Arch-Duke's men in a while after who had undertaken to recover Olmutz and had also beleaguer'd Groslgloglaw for they were forcâ—d to retreat from before both places which so encourag'd the Suedes that they besieg'd Leipsick where the Canon made so great a Breach that they resolv'd to give the assault But not prospering in that they rais'd the siege to go meet the Arch-Duke who advanc'd with Design of relieving that Place The two Armies met near Briteâ—field and having Both a Desire to come to Blows they fought it out Briskly the beginning of this Battle threatned the Suedes with a total Defeat for while their Right Wing fought with an Equall advantage
of St. Cloud which the Kings Forces had a Design to seize on This Detachment being weak and St. Cloud no place of Defence it rested satisfy'd with making it self Master of the Bridge an Arch of which it blew-up by this means did they hinder the In-roads that were made to the very Gates of Paris and which had occasion'd some Clamour in the Inhabitants of that great City But the King meaning to Mortify them and punish so many Disobediences sent to recover the Bridge and upon the notice the Prince of Condé had of it he left Paris to go encourage his men being attended by several Persons of Quality nay and by several Citizens that had taken Arms. His Presence having stopp'd th' Enemies Design he march'd against St. Denis where the King held a Garrison and after having taken it he retired to Paris where there was more Caballing than Ever The King was advis'd to draw near it to retain there some Servants that were still Loyal to his Majesty and he did so upon their Desire after they had remonstrated to him that otherwise all was lost And indeed his Remoteness had made it presum'd that he abandon'd that Beauteous Town but his Presence having giv'n another Opinion those who had as it were forsaken his Party made reflection upon the fault they had Committed and their thoughts were wholly how to repair it The Viscount de Turenne still Cover'd the Kings Person in a March that lasted above forty Leagues and after having Notice of his being arriv'd at Melun he lead his Army towards Chastres that so the Prince of Condé then at Estampes might have no longer any Communication with Paris All these motions that cou'd not be made without the Desolation of the Countrey rais'd a Murmuring in the People that began to grow weary of the War so as that several Deputations were made to the King to beseech him he wou'd distance the Cardinal from his Person after which he shou'd find as much Obedience as ever in Paris and in all the Rest of the Kingdom But the most trusty servants his Majesty had in that great Town told him without mentioning to him the removing this Minister out of the way that there needed no more than his returning thither to make all things hush again that the greater part of the Parliament and of the Citizens were very much undeceiv'd of the Prince of Conde after having seen him neglect their Interests to think barely of his own that this Disposition was to be improv'd and not to wait till he had regain'd their Confidence by new Artisices In a word that they stood Warrantees for the Event and that their Lives shou'd be answerable for it These Reasons joyn'd to the Desire the King had to make the Parisians still sensible of the Inconveniencies of the War that so they might have still the more Passion for Peace made his Majesty resolve upon Causing Estampes to be attack'd the taking of which wou'd have cut off the Communication with Orleans from whence they receiv'd a world of Wines and other things necessary to Life Yet wou'd â—e first know of the Viscount de Turenne if he approv'd of this Resolution But this General having represented to the King a world of Inconveniencies that might thence ensue the King left all things to his Ordering continu'd still in his Quarters near Chastres and Montlery In the mean while the Viscount de Turenne having Intimation that Mademoiselle d'Orleans the Duke of Orleans's Eldest Daughter had in her passage thorough Estampes desired to see the Prince of Conde's Leaguer in Arms he broak up with his own and Surpriz'd one of the Suburbs in the time the Enemies were Sprucing themselves up for that Review The Disorder therein was so great that most of the Troupers abandon'd their Horses and without Lauville the Mestre de Camp of the Regiment of Conti and who commanded the Guard and did effectually his Duty the Disorder had been much greater This Success having Surpass'd the Viscount de Turenne's hopes made him Change his mind and thinking to improve the Consternation the Enemies Army had plung'd them in he beseig'd Estampes that far from being a place of War has but one bare wall with a sorry Castle on the side of Dourden without Outworks without a Ditch nay and open on sundry sides But the Army within the Town supply'd all these Defects and an enterprize was it Sufficiently great to attack it there how ever sorry the Place Nevertheless the Viscount de Turenne having taken his Precautions rais'd his Assaults and Batteries and as he press'd the Town he had Notice that the Duke of Lorrain advanc'd to cause him to raise the Siege The Court having no Ressourse left if it chanc'd to loose it's Army was extremely Surpriz'd at this Tydings and not standing to consider what Course to take it dispatch'd away an Agent to this Duke to see whether his humour wou'd lead him to treat for some Money In the Int'rim the Viscount de Turenne had orders sent him to raise the Siege as soon as that Duke should draw near but his answer imported the thing not to be yet so Urging and that when it were so he wou'd take such Care that nothing ill shou'd come on 't The Duke of Lorrain having no greater Passion than to heap up Money was byast to the offers of the Court but as the point was the more or less he stay'd in the Neighbourhood of Paris under Colour of coming to Conferr with the Duke of Orleans and the Prince of Condé there arose a Contest between him and the Prince of Condé for the rank and he caus'd it to last some days that so the Court might have time to bethink it self whether it shou'd give him what he demanded At last the Court not very opulent at that time having found the means to furnish the sum he requir'd it was agreed in Concert with the Duke of Orleans his Brother-in-Law that the Siege of Estampes shou'd be rais'd on Condition that as soon as the King's Army was drawn-off the Prince of Condé's Forces should Evacuate the Town The Duke of Lorrain having thus provided for his Honour talk'd of returning according to the obligation he lay under by a secret Treaty he had made with the Court But the Duke of Orleans and the Prince of Condé exclaiming against him he promis'd to stay and instead of directing his March back for Flanders as he had engag'd to do he March'd away towards Corâ—â—al where he laid all the Open Country in Fire and Blood This oblig'd the Viscount de Turenne to March against him and some Hostilities having pass'd between the Two Armies the Duke of Lorrain took a Pretext from thence to say that the Court fail'd in its Parole to him and both Parties were oblig'd to come to New Explications But the Viscount de Turenne having learnt by Experience that mild Remedies had no effect upon him prepar'd to give him Battel The Duke
St. Menchou and some other Places in his retiring All this was not capable of being brought into Comparison with the Great Losses he had Suffer'd Thus the City of Bordeaux return'd under the Kings Obedience and this happy Success having been Usher'd-in by the Reduction of other Places of the Province France that had been near five whole Years in Civil Wars Re-United it self to oppose Strangers that had advantaged themselves much from these Disorders The Spaniards during this time of Misfortune and Division had not only Extended their Frontiers on the side of Flanders but had allso reduc'd Catalonia and Cazal besides Piombino and Portolongone which they had retaken This made it necessary to retrieve our Reputation then lost among the Neighbouring Princes Italy especially fancy'd allready that the Spaniards who had so often endeavour'd to settle their Sway there were going to Subdue it so as that the Duke of Savoy who had more Occasion than Others to apprehend them either by reason that he had Embrac'd our Party or that his Countrey was more for their Bienseance only thought of appeasing them by some Treaty The King whom it notably concern'd to detain him in his Allyance immediately dispatch'd to him de Plessis Besancon a Man both for War and the Cabinet who remonstrated to his Highness that France being no longer divided in it self as it had been in the Years last past His Neighbours were going to find the Effects of its Protection that after having Subdu'd the Rebells that were buoy'd up by all the Forces of Spain it wou'd be no hard matter for him to vanquish those same Forces that were no longer Seconded with the Rebellion of the Towns and the Revolt of the Principall Subjects that All being return'd to their Duty by the King and his Ministers Wise Conduct the World was going to see great Changes that we had still a Door left us into Italy by which to Enter Succours proportionable to the Occasion of Our Allies and that in short he wou'd suddainly have tokens of this as to his own Particular He for whose Interests the King ever shew'd himself as Affectionate as for his own The Duke of Savoy wou'd not have been Contented with all these fine Words if they had not been follow'd with the March of Five Thousand Men that having joyn'd Three Thousand that we had remaining in that Countrey made a small Body of an Army that re-incourag'd him a little From thence le Plessis Besancon pass'd on to the Duke of Mantoua to whom the Spaniards had Surrender'd Cazal in Appearance but of which they were in effect Masters by the Garrison which they payd with their own proper Moneys He made him some Proposals But either that this Duke did not think us in a Condition to perform what we promis'd him or that the Allyance of Blood he had with the Emperour did not Suffer him to close with Interests that were opposite to those of his Imperial Majesty He answer'd this Envoy that his Resolution was not to disturb the Repose of Italy which wou'd ever Subsist so long as Cazal shou'd remain as it then did in his hands Le Plessis Besancon having sped so ill on that side proceeded on to the Venetians whom he endeavour'd to Egg-on to some Motion but those Wise Politicians whose Grandeur only Subsists by Peace were farr from being influencâ—d into these sentiments and as they were jealous when they saw us Masters of Cazal they were in no wise inclin'd to assist us in the recovering it Nevertheless they gave this Answer to the Proposals made them by le Plessis Besancon that if the Spaniards offer'd at any Innovation they wouâ—d proceed to take Other measures But as it was their Interest that made them speak in this manner the King was not at all content with this Answer In the mean while the Marquis de Caracene who had had Conferr'd on him the Government of the Dutchy of Milan was preparing to enter into Piemont where he had allready made some Conquests the years afore which being necessary to be remedy'd Our Troups march'd towards the Alexandrin that by this Diversion they might induce them to forsake their Enterprizes And in truth the Spaniards thinking it more for their Advantage to keep their own than acquire anothers brusht back the same Way and the two Armies encountring fought for three hours by Detachment the Ground not being proper to bring all the Men up to the Charge yet this did not hinder the Battle from being Sharp and both Parties boasted their having gain'd th' Advantage But the French seem'd to have more Reason than the Others for the Marquis de Caracene was wounded in that Occasion besides the Spaniards abandoned the Field of Battle Be it as it will after the two Armies had thus try'd their Forces they made Truces and open repeated them which consum'd the Rest of the Campagne so as that nothing Considerable occurr'd in that Country As for Catalonia the Mareschal d'Hocquincourt was sent thither rather however to give a jealousy to th' Enemies than to recover what had been lost Nevertheless the Mareschal d'Hocquincourt besieg'd Gironne and had taken it if certain flies that are very rife in that Countrey had not destroy'd the better part of his Cavalry The Enemies that had not as yet dar'd'to appear in the field having nothing more to fear after this Accident drew near Gironne and the Marshal d'Hocquincourt having no more Horse to oppose them was forc'd to raise the Siege The Enemies pursu'd him and thought easily to have defeated him but having intrench'd himself in a Placa where he had more need of Foot than of Horse he let 'em see that they were very remote from their hopes having kill'd or wounded them above nine hundred men This little ndvantage Comforted the Court for the vexation it had had for raisiâ—g the Siege of Gironne However all these things were of small Consequence to it in Comparison of what occurr'd upon the Frontiers of Picardy and Champagne The Prince of Conde after having been oblig'd as I hintted before to forsake the heart of the Kingdom employ'd his thoughts wholly in establishing his Power in those two Provinces he had already in Champagne Rhetel St. Menchou and Mouzon and by the means of those Places he made Inroads within fifteen or twenty Leagues of Paris The Kings whole Design was to recover them for as long as the Prince of Conde shou'd have footing in the Kingdom it was to be fear'd this might foment the Rebellion therein The Clubbs too and Meetings were continu'd in the very Metropolis what ever Prohibitions were issu'd out to the Contrary and the Parliament as well as the Grandees seem'd to lye at watch for an Occasion to set All again in a Combustion The King in the need he had of Money had caus'd thirteen Edicts to be verify'd which were laid upon the Commonalty the Cardinal had been so cunning as to cause 'em to be pass'd before
none of his fault added he if he has been unprosperous and if all People that have been beaten were to be slighted 't is long agoe that I shou'd have been of no Account D' ye not remember what befell me at Mariendal and what happens to me still dayly believe me the Worthyest Persons are subject to such like Adventures for this do I not esteem a man the less However to furnish him with the opportunities to repair his Reputation he sent him back to Warfare till he had gain'd some Advaintage and then there needed no other Trumpet than the Viscount to proclaim it Did not I tell you said he that he was a Brave man and that he wou'd not be long without having his Revenge I am seldom mistaken in the Judgment I pass of a Person and I ever thought he did not want either Courage or Conduct This Carriage got him to that degree the Affection of th' Officers and Souldiers that they all began to call him their Father and in effect they bore him as much kindness and respect as if he had been really so He did the like on his part that is to say he lov'd them as his own Children And indeed he never had any greater joy than when he had th' opportunity of procuring any one's Advancement We are only in the World said he to do good to one another and those to whom God has giv'n some Credit ought t' employ it only in procuring th'Establishment of those who stand in need of their Protection But he did not content himself with saying it he did it also as he said it for then he did uot mind passing for troublesome with the Minister and he who durst not speak in behalf of his own Interests never let him rest when it requir'd his promoting of others Tho' the King was still pretty Young yet as he was of a sharp understanding he had so much respect for the Virtue of this Great Captain that it seem'd as if only he in his Kingdom was worthy of his esteem His Majesty discourst him sometimes for whole hours together which made the Cardinal seem a little uneasy But she Viscount de Turenne who delighted in cultivating the Sentiments of this Young Prince that was entirely inclinâ—d to Virtue not taking notice that he minded it troubl'd his head little with having his Friendship provided he had that of his Master For this Reason did he spend so many Winter-Quarters at a distance from the Court for the Cardinal under Colour of the least things sent him Order not to leave the Frontier which still discriminated him from th' other Geneneralls who expos'd themselves for the most part only to share the deeper in the favour of that Minister In the mean while the Year 1655. began and as the Enemies had Block'd-up Quesnoy to all Intents and that the Garrison began to be distress'd the Viscount de Turenne resolv'd to lay open the Passes For this purpose he divided his Troups into several little Bodies as if he had had several Designs and causing them to March some one way others another the Marquis de Castlenau a Lieutenant General surpriz'd Five Hundred men that were in the Bas Catelet and having put them to the Sword he set fire to the four Corners and to the Heart of the Town This exploit having made the Enemies afraid that the Viscount de Turenne had some Design on the places on that side they made use of the Troups that were employ'd in the Blocade of Quesnoy But they were hardly got to the Rendezvouze when this Generall caus'd a Convoy to pass he had ready and revictuall'd the Town Holding it then in safety he Rendezvouz'd all his Forces and March'd against Landraecies As he had once allready taken this Town he knew both it's Strength and Weakness which much facilitated to him his Enterprize joyn'd to this that the Kings Presence who was come into his Camp so animated the Souldiers that they contemn'd all sorts of Danger The Besieg'd being in hopes of a speedy Succours wou'd never hear talk of Surrendring tho' the King Summon'd 'em sundry times but the Spaniards having not been able to raise Forces sufficient for raising the Siege they saw themselves at length oblig'd to capitulate The King after his wonted rate shew'd an extreme Confidence in the Viscount de Turenne and wou'd by all means have him upon every occasion give him a Reason for what he did This pleas'd this General more than it did Cardinal Mazarin who wou'd very willingly have brought up his Majesty like a Private Person and not like a King that was call'd to the Government of the Noblest Kingdom in all Christendom He took him off most commonly from those Conversations under pretext of some other Affairs but the King did not leave them without regret and tho' the Queen his Mother had foster'd him up in a great Complaisance for this Minister he cou'd not so well curb his Inclinations but that he manifested the Violence he did him Thus did Mazarin endeavour to make a weak King that he might still secure to himself th' Administration of his Dominions But th' Advantages of Nature were so great in this Prince that he had no need of Education and we see in his Majesty one of the Greatest Kings that ever wore the Crown and yet perhaps the Worst Educated This was a Subject of Admiration for the Viscount de Turenne However without minding what this Minister cou'd say to the matter he instructed the King in what he had a mind to know and gave him Lessons of War wherein he wonderfully delighted Mazarin durst not tell him openly his thoughts of this Carriage but sometimes without making semblance of any thing he told him that the King was yet too Young to have confided in him things of Consequence and that in the Post he was it became him to keep all Secret Thus did he conceal under the pretext of Mystery Motions full of Ambition and perchance of Jealousy for in short this great familiarity of the King 's with the Viscount de Turenne displeas'd him extremely and he fear'd least the Viscount shou'd get that Ascendant over his Majestys mind as that he shou'd not be able to drive him thence For this Reason had he for some Years last past Associated the Mareschal de la Ferté with him in the Command of the Forces But the Difference of their Humours had produc'd an effect quite contrary to what he had expected The King being a Lover of Mildness and Lenity cou'd not wont himself to the Violences of that Mareschal who was ever seen in Anger ev'n at his up-rising In the mean while the Cardinal to lessen the Glory that might redound to the Viscount de Turenne for so many happy Successes laid a part of them to th' Other and the Generality to please this Minister endeavour'd to conferr on him Praises often without mentioning the Viscount de Turenne This Prince smil'd in
but that an unexpected Death had cropt him in the flower of his Age. As he was extremely weary'd in the foregoing Compagn he was hardly arriv'd at Paris but that he fell ill and having been oblig'd to keep his Bed People were afraid that his sickness might have Dangerous Consequences for he had a fierce feavour with Redoublings Insomuch that the Physitians did not tell their Opinions The King sent twice a day to enquire how he did as well as most of the Grandees But the Cardinal in this Occasion laying aside the jealousie he bore him by reason of the Interest of the Kingdom paid him not only diverse visits but brought him also some Medicaments which he had been told to be wonderfully effectuall against his Distemper In a word the Viscount de Turenne Escaping more happily than the World expected he return'd his visits as soon as he was in a Condition of going abroad and being dayly more and more confirmed in his health nothing any longer hindred him from repairing to the frontiere but the Marriage of Mademoiselle de Bouillon Courted by the Duke of Elbaeufi's Eldest Son This Prince was of so Illustrious a family that all the kindred agreed immediately to the Match For besides this he had a great Estate might also pretend to some considerable Settlement at Court but the Viscount de Turenne seeing farther than Others oppos'd it Clandestinely and Remonstrated to Madam de Bouillon that this Prince having us'd his first Wife Ill whom he had kick'd when with Child of which she dy'd 't was exposing her Daughter to the like treatment that he was addicted to Wine and Women Qualities not only unworthy a Person of his Rank but all so to a little Catamitism that besides he had a Son by his first Bed who by Birthright wou'd have all his Father's Estates and Offices that thus it wou'd be rendering the Children that shou'd come of her Daughter and him so Unhappy that they wou'd uot have wherewithall to uphold the Lustre of their House that it wou'd be better to think of providing for her in Germany where they had already some Allyances and where Enow other Matches might be found that she ought not to consider that she distanc'd her self from her by doing this that it were much better for her Daughter to be happy far off than unhappy at her Door that the true kindness of a mother consisted in procuring her Children's felicity and not her own and that in brief any farther thoughts of this Match were steering the quite Contrary Course Madam de Bouillon in all things rely'd very much on the Viscount de Turenne but wou'd not refer her self to him at this time for she imagin'd it wou'd be the same thing to her to have her Daughter Dead as have her marry'd so remote However this was not th' only Impediment She was Extremely Wedded to her Religion and afraid that if ever her Daughter went into Germany she might with the air of the Country have instill'd into her the Sentiments of her Ancestours that had been all Protestants Thus the Viscount de Turenne having not been able to dissuade her was oblig'd to consent as well as Others to this Marriage which was perform'd in the presence of the King and Queen-Mother and of all the Court their Majesties meaning thareby to testify to the Viscount de Turenne the Consideration they had for a Person of so near Relation This Match was quickly attended with a great â—ecundity whereas the Viscount de Turenne was not Bless'd with any Children which was the only Subject of trouble in his Marriage for he had otherwise a Wife that lov'd him infinitely and was an Example of Virtue He resign'd himself however to the Will of God and thro' this want he look'd on his Brother's Sons as if they had been his own He had also other Nephews but as they were his Sisters Sons and did not bear his Name he made some sort of difference between 'em Not but that he strove to give 'em testimonys of his kindness in all Occasions principally to the Counts de Duras de Lorge who had great need of it For they follow'd the Prince of Condé's Party wherein they were so Engag'd that they had all imaginable trouble to get out of it However the Viscount de Turenne lost no time in his endeavours to disentangle them thence and having at length effected his purposes he obtain'd the King's leave for their Kissing his Majestics hand After that he sent them to serve in Italy for as they were Young he thought it not fitting that they shou'd be expos'd to the Jealousy and Suspitions that might arise if they staid in the Neighbourhood of a Prince they esteem'd and with whom they had newly broke as a man may say against their Wills In the mean while the Campagn drew near and that having oblig'd him to leave Paris at a time when all his Family was in joy for the Match before-mention'd he repair'd to Flanders whither all the Troups directed their March We had newly made a strict Allyance with Cromwell who after the most Enormous Crime that had been ever heard of in the world had found the Secret to become formidable not only to the English but also the neighbouring Princes In virtue of this Allyance he was to give us Succours by Sea and Land and we were Engag'd to share with him the Conquests we might make These Conventions amaz'd the Spaniards this notwithstanding they omitted nothing of what might contribute to their Defence and Don Juan of Austria being newly arriv'd in the Low-Countrys shew'd himself indefatigable after the Prince of Conde's example who was on Horse-back Day and Night they had in the Winter miss'd of the City of St. Guilain which render'd us a little haughty not to say insolent but fortune prepar'd them matter of Consolation which we were far from distrusting I said before that the Marschal de la Ferté had great jealosie of the Viscount de Turenne this had been already adverse to the Kings Service in Sundry Occasions But the Cardinal out of I know not what Policy being not willing to Seperate them they had orders to march joyntly against Valenciennes one of the strongest Towns in all the Low Countrys but whose out-work were not in an overgood Condition They work'd on 'em with great Application yet if we had made right use of the Conjunction it might have been taken without Difficulty before they had put it into a Condition But the Marschal de la Ferte labouring under an Indisposition on purpose staid the forces that were under his Command for fear the Viscount de Turenne might without him accomplish that enterprize Being somewhat recover'd of his health he came before the place which the Viscount de Turenne had allready invested and where there arose between 'em new subjects of Division for after they had open'd their Trenches and push'd on their Works very far the Viscount de
for Misery had rais'd Revolts in Spain as well as in France which did but too much manifest the need there was of Peace The Cardinal had already a Year or two past caus'd some Proposals to be made to Don Antonio â—imentel at his passing thro' Paris in his return from Sueden where he had been th' Ambassadour of Spain but they had been ill receiv'd at Madrid because at the same time was propos'd the King's Marriage wiâ—h th' Infanta of Spain the Presumptive Heiress of the Crown Thus the Council of his Catholique Majesty had judg'd with some sort of Reason that all the Offers that were made of causing the King to renounce her Succession would hold good no further than this Young Prince shou'd please since by the Laws Establish'd in his Kingdom he was acquitted whenever so minded of what was to his Prejudice These things putting thus an Impediment to the Peace the King resolv'd to push on his Conquests in Flanders and to oblige the Viscount de Turenne to serve him still with the more Affection he gave the Charge of Lord High Chamberlain to the Duke of Bouillon for which however the Duke of Guise that had it afore had some sort of Compensation After the Viscount de Turenne had thank'd the King and taken his leave of him he repair'd to the head of his Army that assembl'd upon the frontier of Boulonnois and being entred into the Country he caus'd Cassel to be attack'd that was guarded by five hundred Men Ours wou'd not receive them otherwise than at Discretion after which th' Army approach'd Dunkirk which was invested by four thousand Horse The English on their part according to the Convention before mention'd shut up the Passages of the sea with a Good Fleet and the Viscount de Turenne Expecting the Enemies wou'd spare nothing to relieve a Place of This Consequence made hast to press on his Works and Attacks But the Garrison being good retarded both by it's saillies at length th' Enemies had time to take the field The Mareschal d'Hocquincourt had Expos'd their Party upon some affront he pretended to have received from the Cardinal and of which having demanded Reparation without having been able to obtain it he had run to that Extremity in hopes of meeting with an Occasion to Wreak his Revenge As he was a Soldier he meant to Signalize his Coming by some Action that might make him noted by both Parties Whereupon he advanc'd to view us but having been wounded at the same time with a Musket-shot his hopes ended two hours after with his Life His Disaster was a fatal Presage for those of his Party but as Brave Men are not startled at such like things the Prince of Condé and Don Juan pursu'd their enterprize The Viscount de Turenne to spare them the pains of coming to attacque his Lines march'd out of them at the Head of his Army leaving however in the Trenches as many men as were necessary to guard them They drew-up in Battalia as soon as they were out and the Enemies having done the like the Battle began very obstinately on both sides But th' Enemies having been overwheIm'd by numbers gave ground by little and little after this their Ranks growing still more and more thin the Disorder was still the Greater Insomuch that they were put totally to slight None but the Prince of Condé who at the head of some Squadrous he had rally'd and where all those Brave men plac'd themselves that follow'd his fortune that endeavour'd to make any further Resistance But the most part having been either Kill'd or taken Prisoners he was very happy in having a good Horse to save himself The Victory cou'd not be more signal than it was for us the Enemies fled away 'till Night without facing about and far from being in a Condition of returning to Dunkirk they cou'd hardly bring six thousand men together all the Rest of the Campagne After the Viscount de Turenne had giv'n the Orders necessary for the pursuing them he returned into his Lines where he was no sooner come but that he made known the Success of the Battle to the Besieged that so they might take their Measures accordingly They pretended not to be in any wise daunted and in Effect made several Sallyes more But the Viscount de Turenne having shut 'em up by little and little and taken all their Out-works at length he render'd himself Master of the Town by Composition This Conquest wou'd have occasion'd Great joy thro' all the Kindgom if we had not been bound by the Treaty made with the English to put it into their hands However in a few days after we were in no Condition to make that Reflexion by an Accident of a far greater Moment The King whose Inclination was all Warlike being not to be prevail'd with for two or three Years last past to abstain from repairing into his Armies he came during this Campagne to visit the Fort of Mardyk an Unhealthfull hole of it self but whose Infection was still the Greater thro' the Garrisons way of Living that Eating only Fruits and filthy things was for the most part sick However this Prince being Young and not knowing the Danger must notwithstanding needs stop there that he might see All and having taken-in the Ill Air he return'd to Calice with the Sun on his head which complicated his misfortune Whereupon he began to undergo great pains but having conceal'd his Malady for two days for fear they shou'd oblige him to keep his Bed at last on the third he found himself so weak that he cou'd no longer dissemble it on the fourth he was still worse which alarum'd the Court and especially the Cardinal who saw his Fortune lost if this Young Prince happen'd to dye for tho' his Majesty had a Brother he cou'd not promise himself that he shou'd have his favour as he had the Kings The Queen-Mother was also under an Affliction that 's beyond expression But it was quite another thing at some days end for it was not only believ'd he couâ—d never scape but the very Curtains were drawn the Physicians having declar'd him Dead Some Courtiers being deceiv'd by these words went to pay their Homages to the Duke of Anjou his Brother but they had occasion to rue it for as those sorts of things are rarely pardon'd the King look'd on them with an ill eye when he had recover'd his health In the mean while the Queen never leaving him day or night seeing he was abandon'd by his Physicians caus'd one to come from Abbeville whom she had heard well spoken off and he having giv'n him two Potions of Emetique wine being not yet in use at that time freed him from his illness to the Courtiers great Satisfaction whose hearts this Young Prince had won by manners alltogether Engaging They alone did not rejoyce at this happy Success the People shar'd in it as deeply as became them and gave a thousand testimonies of their gladness But not a
at two a clock after midnight and endeavour'd to get to them before they had notice of his march Without a continual Rain which lasted all the night and all the day following he had effected his Design but his Army not coming till five a Clock in the evening upon the Hills of Moltzheim the Enemies had time to precaution themselves and to prepare for Battle Tho' his Men were very much fatigated he made them possess themselves of the out-Posts without suffering them to breath and having stood to their Arms all the Night he led them to the Battle at Break of Day It was more obstinate on Both sides than any that had been yet fought and as it was the Viscount de Turenne's Opinion that when a General had five and twenty thousand Men he had nothing to fear he did not mind as I said before that the Enemies had twice as many However tho' that the two Armies were drawn-up in Battalia they fought only by Detachment and what was considerable pass'd in a Wood that was between Both and where the Enemies had intrench'd themselves that they might be able to take us in the flank They did Wonders to Defend it but our Infantry and our Dragoons render'd themselves Masters of it after a long Conflict Nay and kept it tho the Duke of Lorrain Enter'd it with the Cavalry fthe Left Wing The Horse of the Right Wing seeing that all but they were engag'd fell upon our Left which it overturn'd upon the Body of Reserve Insomuch that with one single Charge it broke us entirely But the Viscount de Turenne having an eye to all caus'd the Infantry to advance and it again sav'd the Cavalry as it had done at the Battle of Seintzeim The Viscount de Turenne had a Horse Wounded under him as he pass'd from one Battallion to another to give his Orders and the Night having interrupted the Battle he retir'd with Ten Cannons he had taken in the Wood. The Enemies were â—â—rely vex'd they had not been able to speed with such considerable Troups and they resolv'd after having try'd his Valour not to engage in any Enterprize 'till the Marquis of Brâ—ndonboâ—rg was come up His Electoral Highness being come at length they fancy'd the Viscount de Tarenne had no other Course than to retreat iâ—â—o his Mountains and that they might go where-ever they pleas'd But his Excellency meaning to shew them that he feared them not the more for their having augmented their Number he provided Savern and Haguenaw under their very Nose then Posted himself so to advantage that he was in a Condition to Crosbite all their Designs They made a shew of Aiming to Besiege those two Places to oblige him to quit his Posts but he looking upon all their Motions as so many Snares which they laid for him he so tyr'd them out by his Patience that they fell to contriving how to enlarge themselves into upper Alsace where they had not met with any Fortify'd Place they were oblig'd to take this Course because that so great an Army could not Subsist alltogether The Marquis of Brandenbourg was on the side of Colmar with the Troups of Brunswic and those of the Other Allies took their Quarters on both sides the River d'Ill The Viscount de Turenne feigning he would follow their Example caus'd his Troups to march towards Lorrain but instead of distributing them up and down he cross'd that Province wherein he had giv'n order to have Oats and Hâ—y ready for his Horse By that means he put it into a reasonable good posture Insomuch that it was hardly sensible of so long a March In the mean while not a Man dreamt whither he was going and the World was far from imagining he was Marching against the Enemies but having seen him direct his Way for Beâ—fort they began to suspect the Bus'ness and at the same time enter into Admiration The Enemies who had been farr from Shrifting into his Design had spread themselves still more since his Departure nay and some of 'em were come as farr as Remiremont and to Espinal in Lorrain These were the first he attacqu'd but escaping by flight they carry'd to the Rest the tydings of what Occur'd The Alarum was great among them and they endeavour'd to defend the Passage of the River d'Ill The Viscount de Turenne did suspect that wou'd be the Course they would take for which reason quitting the Main Body of the Army with all Expedition did he advance with three thousand Horse he beat some Squadrons that were posted upon the Bank of the River and they were so Surpriz'd that they never thought of giving Notice to some of their Garrisons that were Scatter'd up and down in Castles The Army being come beyond the River he detach'd Great Parties to cut off those that were abroad and we took a great Number of Prisoners However tho' we pass'd in fight of several Places wherein still Troups were yet would not we attack them for fear of losing too much time By this means was the Marquis of Brandenbourg Surpriz'd as well as the Rest which was perceiv'd by the fault he committed in abandoning Turquem which is upon the Canal of Colmart The Viscount de Turenne being come thither seiz'd on 't and his Troups were no sooner in the Place but that the Enemies return'd to drive them thence this Occasion'd a Sharp dispute wherein many Men were lost on both sides But the Night coming on without the Enemies having been able to drive us thence they took that time to make their Retreat and repass'd the Rhin at Strasbourg In the mean while they were not twenty thousand strong on the Other side and all the rest perish'd either in the foregoing Engagements or in this Occasion Tho the Success the Viscount de Turenne had had against so numerous an Army had surpass'd as I may say the hopes of the Court yet was it not without apprehensions thro' the fear of the like danger For we were from all parts inform'd that the Germans made Extraordinary Preparations to return more powerfull then Ever The Viscount de Turenne being repair'd to Court the King made him so favourable a Reception as cou'd have no Addition and having shut himself up with him in his Closet he wou'd needs know all that had Occur'd during the Campagn and cou'd not sufficiently admire a Conduct that had Screen'd the Kingdom from many Calamities The Viscount de Turenne would have laid hold of that Occasion to have made his Complaints of the Marquis de Louvoy who had often sent him Orders he had reason to Complain of pretended that all the Generals should obey him as if he had had more Skill in Martial Affairs than they but knowing that the Prince of Conde had no less resentment than he himself had against this Minister by reason of certain Discourses he had held after the Battle of Senef he resolv'd to see him first and if possible to act in Concert
brief his Reputation alone retain'd them rather than his Forces and indeed there was little likelyhood that a Town having Eight or Nine Thousand men in Garrison should quake before an Army that often was hardly more numerous It was not Strasbâ—urg alone that had so much fear Montecuculi knew not what Course to take to Supply and keep on foot his Army which no longer deriv'd from Strasbâ—urg all the Succours it was wont to receive thence He Sought for field ou all sides where he might find Forrages that were not Common in a Country where War had so long been made Besides this it became him to find an advantageous scituation where he might be shelter'd from the Viscount de Turenne who still coasted him In short he saw himself reduc'd to fight or dye of Hunger when a Fatal day happen'd for us I mean that Unhappy day wherein we lost the Viscount de Turenne He had never been seen more gay and joyfull nor more Content he fancy'd that the Enemies cou'd no longer Escape him and tho' it was not his Custom to say any thing to his own Advantage he cou'd not forbear blazing the then present State of things nay he Signify'd it to the King But during these Occurrences meaning to go view a Hill on which he might erect a Battery he receiv'd a Canon-shot which hit him in the Breast and made him fall Dead upon the Spot St Hillaire the Lieutenant of the Artillery whom he had brought with him having been wounded at the same time his son began to make Complaints conformable to the misfortune that was befallen him But St Hillaire melting all into tears shew'd him the Viscount de Turenne's Body adding that if any thing ought to grieve him it ought to be the loss they had newly suffer'd of so great a man this news was forthwith divulg'd throughout our Army and occasion'd so great a Consternation that one wou'd have said that every man had been Condemn'd to Death After Silence for a while they fell a Sobbing nor more nor less than if they had lost each Individual his own Father the new Soldiers as well as the Old broak-out into Skreams and Howlings capable of Softening the most harden'd hearts it was a Won ' er to see that People that had so little a time to know him were as sensible as those that had been often graâ—ify'd with his favours In the Camp nothing more but Lamentations were heard the Soldiers cry'd to one another what our Fathers then Dead What shall we do Who shall bring us o'er the Rhine again in safety nay when we have pass'd it under whom can we Serve from whom we may expect the like Treatment Each Individual then took Delight in relating the Obligations he had to him but notwithout interrupting his story with abundance of tears that bedew'd his face Yet wou'd every one see the â—â—dy of his General But this Spectatle renew'd their Crys and their Wailings In so general a Sadness it was impossible to discern the Relations from strangers so reall was the Grief Nor indeed was it without Reason that the Soldiers call'd him their father since that they bore him the same Affection as if he had been really so The Count de Lorges his Nephew being then at the Army suspended for some Days the tokens of his Grief for fear it might be capable of daunting the Troups that remain'd under his Conduct After this fatal Accident he made them direct their march toward the Rhine and knowing that the Enemies were brushing after him he Mareshall'd his Army in Battalia for fear of being Surpriz'd The Enemies perceiv'd plainly by his Countenance that matters wou'd not go 〈◊〉 Swimminly on their side as they had Expected But being wholly possesâ—'d with the thought that the Viscount de Turenne's Death must needs afford them a Great Advantage they made up to the Count with a Resolution to fight him Then was it necessary for the Couâ—t de Lorge to put in Practice the Lessons his Uncle had see him he prepar'd for Battle did it in so much order as spoke him to be a great Proficient The Battle was long and doubtfull but the Enemies having throughout found an Extraordinary Opposition they judged more Convenient to retreat than to fasten any longer upon a thing that had been less usefull than Damageable The Count de Lorges no longer finding any Impediment in passing the Rhine Conducted his Troups into Alsace where he resolv'd to wait the Kings Orders to whom he had dispatcht a Courier In the Interim being willing to pay his last Duties to his Uncle he had him a Service perform'd whereat if Prevention had not been us'd Every man of all the Troups wou'd have assisted For the least Soldier being hurry'd-on by the Affection he had for his Memory thought himself no less oblig'd than the Count to be at this Ceremony Not one was there however that Contented himself with wearing Mourning in his heart Every Individual wou'd needs by outward marks shew his Affliction and if as much Crape cou'd have been got as they wou'd have had we shou'd have seen what perhaps had been never seen in any Army that is to say All the Soldiers in Mourning in Reality they did not mind what it might cost and he that cou'd get any thought it a great favour of Fortune The King having receiv'd the Count de Lorge's Courier was so very much Afflicted that he wou'd not see any Body for several days together he said publiquely that he had lost the Wisest Man of his Kingdom and the Greatest of his Captains and fearing that after this the Enemies might easily enter into the heart of his Dominions he sent the Prince of Condé into Alsace and this Prince found the Means to stop them The whole Court was sensible to this loss as well as the King saving only the Minister who was not so very sorry tho' he durst not let it outwardly appear The Arch-Bishop of Reims his Brother was not alltogether so Circumspect he did such things to shew his joy as displeas'd his father who being one of the Wisest Courtiers of the Age reprimanded him for this Carriage Nevertheless what ever Grief was shewn at Court yet was it still much less than that of the Parisians who tho' Commonly sufficiently tenacious wou'd willingly have given the half of their fortunes to have redeem'd his Life several Instances did they give of this their Affection by the Consternation the whole Town was in at this News and by their Lamentations for his Death They were not afraid to say that after the loss the Kingdom had newly had it was in great Danger In effect the King being of the same Opinion was very willing to make sure of the Grandees by conferring New favours on them he made Eight Marshals of France tho' there were those of the List that were not in over-great Esteem the Duke of Vivonne was of this Number that gave Occasion â—o a
pretended to be furnish'd with Provisions having learnt this News fell Sick of Grief or perhaps by an accident meerly Natural be it as it will he Dying some days after the Mareschal d'Estree was sent in his Room who laid Siege to Trier This Place more considerable for it's Scituation than it's Strength made but a Sorry Resistance Yet the Viscount de Turenne then in the Army Scap'd not running much Danger having receiv'd a Bullet in his Armour Coblentz Clutch'd by the Spaniards Surrendred in like manner to the Suedes and they put it in our hands Conformably to a Treaty we had newly made with them by the Ministry of the Marquis de Bressé These Novelties took away all doubt of a War with the Spaniard joyn'd to this that they had formally declar'd themselves for the Queen Mother and the Duke of Orleans whom they had furnished with Troups But the Hollanders having in that time besieg'd Mastricht they were constrain'd to take them back and employ them on that side Mastricht was so important a place that they resolv'd to use their utmost efforts for it's conservation But their Forces not being sufficient for so great a Design they had recourse to Papenheim Commanding a flying Camp for the Emperour's Service Papenheim after having pass'd several Rivers across a thousand Dangers came at length upon the Meuse where he was joyn'd by the Spaniards But having perceiv'd the Prince of Orange's Camp to be so well fortify'd that he wou'd have much the Disadvantage in coming to Blows he caus'd several Skirmishes to be made so to draw him out of his Lines The Prince of Orange resolving to maintain his Advantage let him spend his flame and rested satisfy'd with opposing him with some small Troup of Horse that risqued nothing So as Papenheim perceiving he only lost time retir'd without making any further Attempt Thus the City of Mastricht fell into the States hands who conferr'd the Government of it on the Duke of Bouillon This Unfortunate Success did not paule the Duke of Orleans in his sinister Designs but not being able to get from the Spaniards the Succours he expected nor from the Dukes of Bellegarde and Lorrain he march'd away for Languedoc where the Duke of Montmorency had caus'd all the Towns to rise In his Passage he endeavour'd to draw-in Dijon to his Party but that Town refusing so much as to receive his Letters he reveng'd himself upon the Houses in it's Neighbourhood which were plunder'd by his Souldiers In fine after having in vain endeavour'd to urge into an Insurrection divers of those Provinces thro' which he directed his way he came into Languedoc and was receiv'd by the Duke of Montmorency nor more nor less than if he had been the King himself For to attract the more people into the Rebellion it was requisite to set up some vain Image of Royalty to which those People as well as the rest of the French have a strong Inclination However he still retain'd the Authority in his own hands and this Prince only serv'd him for a Cloak to cover his Ambition As soon as this Rebellion broke out there 's no describing the sensible Affliction it gave the Viscount de Turenne Besides his being the Duke of Montmorency's Relation he had for him a peculiar esteem and vex'd to see him fully so many noble Actions by one so contrary to the former he equally apprehended both the Success of his Enterprize and the Chastizement The Criminal was Dear to him but on another side his fault was Great and requir'd the King's revenging his Authority wounded by so Enormous an attempt so that notwithstanding all his great Concern for his Safety he wou'd have Condemn'd him himself had he been his Judge In the mean while the King still in Lorrain had detach'd the Mareschal de Schomberg to suppress this Rebellion and the Duke of Montmorency having notice of his being already entred Languedock with full Design to fight him he went to meet him so to Spare him half the way A River was there between the two Armies and the Duke of Montmorency having pass'd it rather as a Volunteer than a General his temerity was attended with a speedy Repentance Before his men cou'd come-in to his Assistance dangerously was he wounded but not losing Courage he pierc'd thro' to the last rank of a Bataillon of the Guards and being only follow'd by a few of his men among whom were the Count of Moret the Kings Natural Brother with the Counts of Rieux and de la Feuillade he receiv'd several wounds more and was at length taken fighting like a Lyon As for those three Counts they were kill'd upon the spot and their Death 's hindred them from perishing by the hand of an Executioner as undoubtedly they cou'd not have avoided for they were no less culpable than the Duke of Montmorency and especially the Count de la Feuillade who had occasion'd the Insurrection of all the Nobless of Limosin to Conduct 'em to the Succours of the Duke of Orleans If the Duke of Montmorency's Rebellion had sensibly griev'd the Viscount de Turenne his Imprisonment overwhelm'd him with Affliction for he thence fore-saw fatal Consequences and principally when he made Reflexion upon the jealousy born him by Cardinal Richelieu For out of the Desire this Minister had of Promoting his House he endeavour'd to debase all others and especially those that had been in Lustre since the Establishment of the Monarchy and which would ever top his whatever Settlement he might procure it And indeed without Vouchsafing to hear those who spoke in the Dukes Behalf he referr'd all the Interceders to the King whom he had allready dispos'd to severity and now the Man wont to be intermeddling in all e'vn the least things was very willing to be thought not to intermeddle in the least in this Occasion so to reject upon the Prince the Spite that might be conceiv'd at his justice This however did not hinder several Persons from laying themselves at the Kings feet to obtain this Dukes Pardon but shewing himself inexorable Judges were Commissionated who sentenc'd him to be beheaded The Viscount de Turenne whom nothing cou'd divert from his duty without considering it to be in no wise making his Court to the Cardinal implor'd Mercy of the King for this Poor Lord but the King having not Yielded to the Prayers of the Duke of Orleans nor to those of the Prince of Condé nor wou'd he hear his so that the Sentence was Executed to the great Grief of all People Thus dy'd Henry of Montmorency Peer and Marshal of France at Thirty Seaven years of Age a Lord of a Comely Personage Brother in Law of the First Prince of the Blood and whose House had possess'd the first Offices of the Crown but still more considerable by his Merit then by that of his Ancestors In fine illustrious in all his Life Excepting it's last Action His Death did not appease the troubles of the Kingdom
The Duke of Orleans being Exasperated at his Execution so much the more that Bullion had promis'd him his pardon from the King withdrew anew into Lorrain where he found the same Retreat he had found some time afore For the Duke of Lorrain as faithless as Ever desired nothing better than to foment Broiles and Cumbustions notwithstanding the losses he had suffer'd hoping that if fortune was once adverse to the Cardinal a time wou'd not only come for him to recover what he had lost but likewise to make some Other Conquests But the King not thinking fit to give him time to prepare for his Defence departed immediately from Paris and went and laid Seige to Nancy where the Duke of Orleans was in no wise minded to Stay his Coming The Regiment of Turenne was at first Commanded on this Expedition but having receiv'd a Counter-order two Days after this Prince who had particularly pleas'd himself with the Expectation of signalizing himself in the Kings presence march'd away for Alsace whither Troups were sent against the Duke of Feria there at that time with an Army of Germans and Spaniards In the mean while a Great Viciscitude had happen'd in Germany The King of Sueden after having reduc'd the Emperour to the bare Hereditary Provinces forc'd the Duke of Bavaria out of his Capital City and extended his Reputation ev'n beyond his hopes At last fortune grown weary of favouring him had terminated so many gallant Actions by his Death The Emperour seeing himself as low as he had seen himself Exalted a little while afore attributing so great a Change to the fault he Committed in having divested Wallestein of the Command of his Armies and being rosolv'd to restore it him had Caus'd such advantageous Conditions to be offer'd him that a man might say he had with him shar'd the Empire for Wallestein had the Power of making Peace and Warr of disposing of Conquests of the Booty of Winter Quarters and of all that Soveraigns are wont to reserve to themselves for fear of giving too much Credit to their Generalls Wallestein having thus on these Conditions taken the Command on him again had no sooner caus'd his Drum to be Beat than that flocking there was from all sides to list under him for Martial Men knowing his Liberal humour and the Kindness he had for Souldiers reckon'd it unworthy to dissolve in repose while that he they look'd on as their father should Expose himself to hardships Dangers Thus he had quickly brought on foot a New Army compos'd of Veteran Officers and Veteran Souldiers and tho' the Imperial Court had great faith in him yet could it not refrain being Surpriz'd at the Suddainness with which he had accomplisht so difficult a matter Fortune that had ever favour'd this Captain till such time as the Duke of Bavaria had depos'd him out of Jealousy seem'd then to make him a Reparation for that Injury For this Duke being distress'd by the King of Sueden dispatcht to him divers Courriers to intreat him without remembring what was past that he wou'd march to his Relief But Wallastein being very glad to Mortify him contented himself with giving him fair Promises and marching sometimes slowly and sometimes stopping on purpose at Paultry Borroughs he had the pleasure to see him reduc'd to such an Extremity that he was already become a Fugitive and just upon the Point of Emploring his Enemies Mercy Thinking it then Glorious to Succour this Unhappy Prince he turn'd his Arms against Nurembourg expecting the King of Sueden to abandon Bavaria to run to the Defence of that Place The Bavarians joyn'd the Troups of Wallestein and having render'd themselves still the more formidable by this Means the King of Sueden March'd against him with Design to give him Battle The two Armies being but a League and half distant from one another Wallestein retrench'd himself in his Camp and the King of Sueden's thoughts were only how to lure him thence to decide their Quarrel in one Day But Wallestein rather using the Skin then the Sword stopp'd the fury of his Enemy Insomuch that the Two Armies remain'd some days gazing upon one another All Peoples Eyes were in the mean time turn'd upon these Two Great Generals to see on which side fortune would declare her self But the King of Sueden thinking that after so many Victories it tended to his Prejudice to remain so long without any Performances undertook to force his Camp and gave the Orders Necessary for the Execution of that Design The First Successes were answerable to his hopes The Bavarians whose Quarter he had attack'd were forc'd after a Vigorous Defence But just in the Nick when he thought he had won all Wallestein with his own Troups ran to Succour his Men and not only re-establish'd things by his Presence but likewise made them Change face so that the King of Sueden after having left three Thousand Men on the Spot was constrain'd to retreat The Duke of Bavaria re-conquer'd his Dominions after this Advantage and having put a Garrison into Ratisbone the Empire that had groan'd so long began to breath again In the mean while Wallestein being minded to be reveng'd on the Duke of Saxony one of the King of Sueden's Principal Buttresses entred his Territories through which he Shot Terrour and Consternation The King of Sueden durst not oppose this Torrent before he had encreas'd his Army with some Succours brought him by his Lieutenants her there dispers'd for divers Conquests But when he saw himself strong enough as not to be under any fear he March'd against the Enemy who had attack'd Leipsik and was become Master of that Place before he cou'd get up to it's Relief The Experience of the Commanders and the Valour of the Souldiers render'd the two Armies allmost Equal and as Both sides were Cock-a-hoop to fight they came to Blows near Lutzen a little Village of small renown before but made famous by so great a Battle The Fight began at Break of Day and the Beginnings were favourable to Gustavus who drove away the Enemies from Certain Ditches that Separated the two Armies took Six of their Cannon and turn'd 'em against 'em which put 'em into Great disorder However the German Cavalry being come up before the Suedish could fill up their Ditches for their Passing it drove away the Enemies in it's turn retook four Canons and seiz'd on the Posts the infantry had Newly lost The Germans being now become fierce and haughty with this Success pass'd then the Ditches which hinder'd them from joyning the Suedes and now no more Impediment intervening the Designs of either side Both Parties fell in Pell-Mell with one another Each demonstrating a Great Passion for Victory The King of Sueden being in the Right Wing of his Army and his Presence augmenting the Courage of his Men routed all that stood in Opposition but being minded to go from One Wing to the Other to see how matters went he encounter'd Picolomini in