of Burgundy THE Dutchies of Cleves and Juliers are Situated between the Rhine and the Meuse and might be reckoned amongst the Provinces of Germany that of Cleves has a Metropolis of the same name and other considerable places as Sauten Calcar Grefhusen on this side the Rhine and Duisbourg and Embruch on the other side The Dutchy of Juliers has its name from the chief City thereof it hath also Berge and Duern Aix la Chapelle is in this Dutchy and there Charlemaign kept his usual Residence it was the seat of his Empire and the place of his Burial He Beautified it with many stately Buildings with a Church Dedicated to the Holy Virgin that still remains and a Palace which in the time of Charles the Bald in the Year eight hundred and eighty one was by the Fury of the Normans reduced to Ashes It hath Mineral Waters about it proper for the Cure of several Maladies from whence it took its Latin name Aquisgranum the Germans call it Acken and a third of it belongs to the Duke of Juliers The Dutchy of Lorrain may be reckoned among the Provinces of France being now in the possession of that King its Capital City is Nancy the other Towns thereof are Marsal Saint Nicholas Pont a Mouson and some others Mets Toul and Verdun are likewise in Lorrain and belong to the French King The County of Burgundy called the Franche-County lies to the East of a Dutchy of the same name belonging to France but the County belonged formerly to the King of Spain though lately Conquered by France The chief Towns of it are Dole the Capital Bezanson an Imperial City Vesoul Grez Cromay Salins Arbois Poligny Nozeret and others The Doux a sweet River waters that Country and passes by Dole it afterwards loses it self in the Saone which divides the Dutchy of Burgundy from the County A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in the Franche Comty and Lorrain In the Franche County  Lat. Long. Besanson 47 1 27 2 Dole 47 0 26 4 Salines 46 5 27 2 St. Claud 46 1 27 3 Grey 47 1½ 26 4 Vesoul 47 4 27 3 Mont Belliard 47 4 28 2 Lure 47 4 27 5 Poligny 46 4 27 0 Bleterans 46 2½ 26 4 Granville 47 2 27 1 In Lorrain Nancy 48 5 28 0 St. Nicholas 48 4½ 28 1 Chaligny 48 4 27 5 Moyen 48 3 28 3 Marsal 49 0 28 4 Rosiers or Salines 48 4 28 2 Blamont 48 4½ 29 0 Remerimont 48 1 28 4 Toul 48 4 27 4 Vaudemont 48 3 27 5 Pont a Mouson 49 0 27 5 Metz 49 2 28 0 Vaudrevauge 49 4 28 4 Sarbruck 49 3 29 0 Nomeny 49 0 27 4 Phaltsburg 48 5 29 2 St. Dieu 48 3 29 0 La Mothe 48 1½ 27 3 Newchâtel 48 2 27 3 Verdun 49 2 27 1 St. Michael 49 0 27 2 Conflans 49 2 27 4 Barledue 48 5 26 5 Espinal 48 2 28 3 Sarbourg 48 5 29 0 CHAP. X. Hungary HUNGARIA THE Kingdom of Hungary hath Transilvania on the East Poland on the North on the West Moravia Austria and Stiria Provinces of Germany and Bosnia and Servia on the South the best part of it is under the Dominion of the Turk the rest belongs to the Emperor who is called King thereof its chief Cities are Buda the Capital which the Germans call Offen Strigonia which they call Gran Alba Regal five Churches Canise Javarin or Rab Gomorre Presbourg and some others This lovely Country hath been the Theatre of much Christian and Turkish blood which hath dyed the Rivers of Marish and Rab that falls into the Danube which runs through the middle of this Kingdom A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in Hungary Hungarea Christian and Turkish  Lat. Long. Presburg 48 2 40 1 Zerdahell 48 0 40 3 Raab 47 5 41 0 Lynback 47 0 39 3 Thara 47 0 41 1 Eskeneck 47 3 41 1 Weisbrun 47 1 40 4 Carpornack 46 5 40 0 Sarwar 47 3 40 1 Tyrna 48 5 40 3 Newsol 48 3 42 0 Fillek 48 0 42 3 Porn 48 3 43 1 Caesseria 48 4 43 4 Tokay 48 0 43 4 Zarmar 47 4 45 2 Zygeth 48 2 45 4 Vngivar 44 4 48 3 Perigea 48 2 45 5 Eperies 49 0 43 4 Muan 48 4 42 4 Leutch 49 0 43 0 Esclavonia  Lat. Long. Warisdin 46 3 39 3 Zaarab 46 0 40 0 Novigrad 46 1 39 2 Fort de Serin 46 3 40 0 Croatia Carlestad 45 5 38 5 Serin 45 4 39 3 Kerstin 45 3 39 1 Morloquia Zegna 45 1 38 4 Modrusti 45 2 38 5 Onglin 45 2 38 5 Tersack 45 3 37 5 Hungaria Turkish Betwixt Danube and Draew Canisia 46 4 40 0 Alba Reg. or Stullwesstukirg 47 0 41 1 Petche or 5 Ecclesiae 46 1 42 1 Muhacz 46 1 43 0 Buda Offen Pest 47 1 42 2 Gran. Strigon 47 4 41 4 Betwixt Danub and Tibisch Zeged 46 3 44 0 Zolnock 47 1 43 5 Hat an 47 2 42 4 Agria 48 0 43 0 Fristat 47 3 42 0 Newhastel 48 1 41 0 Betwixt Tibish and Marish Waradin 47 0 45 0 Bekyn 46 5 44 0 Solmos 45 2 46 2 Gyula 46 4 44 4 Betwixt Marish and Danub  Lat. Long. Chonad 46 2 44 1 Temeswar 45 5 44 4 Sippa 46 1 45 1 Beckskerke 45 3 44 0 Trena 45 4 46 2 Esclavonia Turkish Potega 45 4 41 1 Zakocz 46 0 40 3 Passaw 46 0 40 2 Arky 45 2 41 4 Croatia Wihitz 45 1 39 5 Sisseg 45 5 39 4 Dubitz 45 4 40 3 Velay 45 1 39 3 CHAP. XI Transilvania Moldavia Walachia and Bessarabia THESE four Provinces which are under the Power of the Turk lye on the North side of the Danube Transilvania hath to the East Moldavia and Walachia to the South and West Hungary and Walachia and to the North the Territories of Poland its chief Cities are Hermenstadt Croustadt Clausembourg and Wasterhely its Rivers are Marish Aluta and the Tibisque Moldavia hath to the East Bessarabia and Bulgaria to the South Walachia to the West Transilvania and Walachia and to the North Podolia and Volhinia its Capital City is Jasi the Pruth watereth it and the Danube divides it from Bulgaria Walachia hath to the East and North Moldavia to the West Transilvania and to the South Bulgaria from which it is divided by the Danube its Capital City is Tergouisk Bessarabia hath to the East the Black Sea Podolia to the North to the West Moldavia and Bulgaria and the Mouths of the Danube to the South Billagroe at the Mouth of the Neister is one of its chief Towns TRANSILVANIA WALACHIA Moldavia Bulgaria Bessarab A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in Transilvania Moldavia Walachia Bessarabia and Petit Tartaria Transilvania  Lat. Long. Berensayd 46 2 46 4 Wessenburg or Alba Julia 46 5 47 0 Kerezbania 46 5 46 0 Clausenburg or Colaswar 47 1 45 3 Zygeth 41 5
we can say nothing with any certainty of them These People as well as those of Biledulgerid are Mahumetans and some of them Idolaters CHAP. XIII The Countrey of Negres and Guinea THat Countrey which is called the Countrey of Negres or Nigritia hath on the West the Atlantick Ocean on the North the Desarts of Lybia on the East Egypt Nubia and the Empire of the Abysins and on the South Guinea and the Kingdom of Congo It is about a Thousand Leagues in length and of a very considerable breadth The River Niger waters it and over-flowing like the Nile renders it fruitful It is divided into several Branches whereof the two chief are Senega Gambao or Riogrande which fall into the Ocean near Cape de Verd. That great Countrey is divided into several Kingdoms of which the most remarkable are Genehoa Tombut Senega Gago Gualata Melli Cano Agadez and betwixt the Branches of the Niger the Kingdom of the Jaloffes and Gambea They have generally either given or taken their Names from their chief Towns The People are of different Religions a great many of them are Idolaters and some few are Mahumetans they are subject also to different Princes Guinea hath to the East and North the Countrey of Negres in which some Geographers also place it towards the West and South the Ethiopick Ocean It contains the Kingdoms of Sierra Leona Sabon and Benin It hath no Towns of any note The Coast there is called by several Names as the Grain Coast the Quaqua Coast and the Gold Coast upon which the English Dutch and some other Nations have their Forts and Factories The Natives drive a great Trade with the Europeans who transport yearly into the West-Indies several thousands of these wretched Animals sold to them by their inhumane Lords and sometimes by their own Parents into perpetual Slavery This Countrey abounds in Gold the Natives for the most part are Idolaters and some of them worship their Kings CHAP. XIV The Kingdoms of Congo Cacongo Angola Malemba and Mataman THese Kingdoms are by some Geographers placed in Ethiopia but we distinguish them because under that name the Countrey of the Abyssins is chiefly understood The Kingdom of Congo hath to the East the Empire of Prester John to the North the Countrey of Negres to the West the Ocean of Ethiopia and to the South the Kingdom of Angola It is divided into several Provinces and its chief Town is called St. Salvador Next to that the most remarkable are Panho Batta Sanho Sunde Pemba which take or give their Names to their Provinces The River Zaire that comes from a Lake of the same Name runs through this Kingdom with a Stream famous for its swiftness and breadth That of Coanza makes the Isle of Loanda at its Mouth there is another River likewise called Lelunde In the Northern part of this Countrey there are People called Anzicains who are reported to eat Mans Flesh which is sold in the Shambles as Beef and Mutton with us COAST OF BARBARY From Tanger to Cape Bōn COAST OF BARBARY From Cape Bon to Damieta MALTA LEEWARD Islands SIAM MALACCA and the Indian ISLANDS The MOLVCCA Isles Isles of IAPAN The PHILIPPINE Islands FRANCHE CONNTY SAVOY TERCERA Islands CANARY Islands Islands of CAPE VERD PERU CHILI and MAGELLANICA ZANGUEBAR MONOMOTAPA The Kingdom of Caconga is to the Eastward of the former and there is no Town observed in it That of Angola is to the South of Congo its chief Town is Dongo Here are the Mountains of Cambambe Rich in Silver Mines and Cape St. Mary The Kingdom of Malemba is to the East of Angola and near the Lake Zambre that of Mataman is to the South of it The People of these Kingdoms are Idolaters but the Jesuites daily endeavour their Conversion CHAP. XV. Caffreria Sofala Zanguebar and some other Countreys THE Countrey of the Caffres or Hottentots named Caffreria hath to the East and North Monomotapa to the West and South the Ocean and reaches to the Cape of Good Hope Along the Coasts of it are good Ports No Towns are to be seen here the People are altogether barbarous having neither Laws Kings or Religion Near the Cape of Good Hope the Hollanders have planted a very Noble Colony which supplies in great abundance all Necessaries to their Ships as they go and come from the East-Indies The Kingdom of Sofala is upon the Indian Ocean its chief Town bears its Name and is built in an Island made by the River of Cuama Some Authors take this Countrey for the Land of Ophir whither Solomon sent to fetch Gold for Adorning of that stately Temple which he Built Zanguebar is to the North of it and extends it self upon the Indian Ocean which it hath to the East as far as the Kingdom of Adea which it hath on the North side and the Empire of the Abyssins to the West It comprehends Six Kingdoms to wit Mongalo Mozambique Angothe Quiloa Mombaza and Melinde each of them having a Capital Town bearing its Name The Inhabitants are Idolaters or Mahumetans with some few Christians The Portuguese possess Mozambique and Mombaza with some other places Continuing still Northward and along the Indian Sea we find the Republick of Brave consisting onely in one Maritime Town of the same Name which was pretty Rich before it was sacked by the Portuguese Next we find the Kingdoms of Magadoxo and Adel with their Capitals of the same Name the latter reaches to the Cape Guardafuy and the Streights of Babel mandel which Joyns the Ocean to the Red Sea The Kingdom of Abex is upon that Sea and under the Ottoman Empire It s chief Towns are Arguico Doncale and Suguam all three Maritime If there be any other little States they are so inconsiderable that it is not worth our while to stop and view them just when we are about to consider larger and more Famous Territories in the middle of Africa whereof we have now Surveyed the Confines CHAP. XVI NUBIA NUBIA hath the Nile on the East which divides it from Ethiophia that is likewise to the South of it The Countrey of Negro's on the West and Egypt on the North. Its Metropolis of the same Name is upon the Nile and the others deserve not the Name of Towns being but pitiful Villages The Inhabitants have been Christians and according to some Authors are so still but without any Exercise of Religio of which they retain nothing but the shadow and confused Knowledge CHAP. XVII Ethiopia or the Empire of the Abyssins SOme Geographers divide Ethiopia into the Upper and Lower and under this comprehend the Kingdoms of Congo Angola and some others whereof we have treated and those of Monomotapa and Monoemugi of which we shall speak And under the other they place the Empire of the Abyssins but because this retains particularly the Name of Ethiophia we shall use the same without perplexing our selves about that Division Ethiopia has to the North Nubia and Egypt to the
three These three last Streights joyn the North and South Seas together and serve for a passage from one to the other Between Califurnia and new Mexico there is a Gut of Sea or Streights which is called the Vermeillian Sea and was taken for a Bay before that Califurnia was discovered to be an Island We must not omit a Sea that is separated from all others and which indeed is but a Lake of a vast extent and that is the Caspian Sea called at present the Sea of Bachu or Kilan The Ancients imagined it to have been a Bay or Gulf of the North Sea but it is now known to be on all sides encompassed with Land it hath Persia to the South and Tartary to the North of it In some Relations it is reckoned to be eight hundred Leagues in Circumference Let us now give a hint of the greatest Rivers in the World beginning with those that fall into the Ocean on all sides of our Continent or old World In Europe are the River Tagus the Garronne the Loyre the Sein the Scheld the Rhine and the Elbe In Asia the Oby the yellow and blue Rivers Ganges and Indus In Africa Cuama the River de Spiritu Sancto the Zaire and the Niger In America the Rivers of St. Laurence Oranoque the Amazons and Rio de la Plata Into the Mediterranean Sea on the side of Europe fall the Ebre the Rhosne and the Tiber into the Gulf of Venice the Po into the Euxin Sea the Danube and the Borysthenes now called Nieper and the River Tanais runs into the Palus Meotis On the African Shore the Mediterranean receives no famous River but the Nile In Asia Euphrates and Tygris having mingled their streams fall into the Persian Gulf and the Volga into the Caspian The Oder and the Weissel or Vistula discharge themselves into the Baltick and the Duina into the White Sea We shall not speak of the chief Lakes till we come to describe the particular Regions wherein they are But we will here subjoyn the most noted Mountains of the World such as in Europe are the Pyrenees the Alps and Appenine-Hills In Asia Taurus Caucasus and Imaus in Africa Atlas and the Mountains of the Moon and in America the Cordilleras or Andes The Islands we shall describe as we come to the several parts of the Earth near to which they lie Thus Reader you have a general description of the whole Earth and Seas that environs it or fall into its bosom We must now descend to a more particular Description and shall begin with that of Europe CHAP. III. Europe EUROPE SPAINE EVROPE whereof we have already mentioned the limits is the smallest but most considerable for Learning and Arts of the four parts of the World it comprehends the following Kingdoms and Regions Spain France Italy the Low Countries Germany Hungary Transilvania Moldavia Walachia Bessarabia Dalmatia Bosnia Servia Bulgaria Romania Greece Norway Denmarke Sweden Poland Prussia Lithuania Livonia or Liefland Muscovy and the lesser Tartary It s chief Islands in the Ocean are Great-Britain Ireland the Orcades and Hebrides Iseland and the Azores In the Mediterranean Sea Majorca Minorca and Yvica the Isle of Elbe Corsica Sardinia Sicily Candia Negropont and many more in the Archipelago We shall speak of its Rivers Lakes and Mountains when we treat of the Regions wherein they are CHAP. IV. Spain SPAIN is surrounded by Seas on three sides on the East and South it is watered with the Mediterranean and the Famous Streights of Gibraltar divide it from Africa to the West it hath the Atlantick Ocean and to the North partly the Cantabrick Ocean or Bay of Biscay and partly the Pyrenean Mountains that reach from the Mediterranean to the Ocean and divide it from France most part of its Provinces are honoured with the Title of Kingdoms On the Mediterranean are Catalonia of which the Metropolis is Barcelonna a large City with a Sea-Port the other Towns are Terragonna an Archbishoprick Tortose Gironne Lerde or Lerida The Kingdom of Valencia with a Metropolis of the same name and Alicant the Country about which produces the best Wines in Spain The Kingdom of Murcia the chief City whereof carries the same name In this Province stands Carthagena a very good Sea-Port The Kingdom of Granada that hath its name from its Metropolis lies to the West of that and hath the Cities of Malaga and Almeria Andalusia is partly on the Mediterranean and Streights of Gibraltar and partly on the Ocean It s chief City is Seville one of the loveliest Towns in the World seated on the Guadalquivir It s other Towns are Cordova the Native place of Seneca and Lucan Xeres from whence our Sherries come Saint Lucar and the Famous Port of Cadez or Cales which stands in a small Island of that name very near to the Main on its East side The Provinces washed by the Ocean are The Kingdom of Algarve its Cities are Sylvis and El Fare The Kingdom of Portugal anciently called Lusitania which hath Lisbon a large fair City and Arch-bishoprick for its Capital the other chief Cities thereof are Braga an Arch-bishops See Evora and Conimbre a Famous University this is now and for many Ages hath been subject to a King of its own independent of Spain The Kingdom of Galicia hath Compostella where the Body of St. James is for its Metropolis and Corunna a good Sea-Port this is the North-West corner of Spain Asturia whereof Oviedo is the Metropolis lies to the East of Galicia fronting the Bay of Biscay and yet more Easterly on the same Coast lies Biscay whereof the chief City is Bilboe And to this is adjoyned Guipuscoa whereof Tolose or Tolosette is the Capital City it s other Cities are St. Sebastian which hath a good Port and Fontarabie At the foot of the Pyrenees are the Kingdoms of Navarre and Arragon Pampelonna is the Metropolis of the Kingdom of Navarre it s other Cities are Victoria and Estella Sarragossa is the Capital City of the Kingdom of Arragon and a University the others are Huesca Alharazin Calatayud which some take for the ancient Bilbilis the Native Town of the Poet Martial In the heart of Spain are Leon the two Castilles the old and new and Estremadura The Metropolis of the Kingdom of Leon bears the same name Astorga and Semora are its other Cities Bourgos an Archbishops seat is the Capital City of old Castille it s other chief Towns are Valladolid where some Kings of Spain have kept their Courts Palenca Salamanca a famous University Numance that heretofore resisted the Roman Forces so long was in this Province but there remains no Footstep of it at present Toledo is the Metropolis of new Castille and the Archbishop of it is Primate of all Spain it is a stately and large City The other chief Towns of that Province are Madrid the usual Residence of the Kings of Spain and five Leagues West from that the famous Monastery of St. Laurence called the
Escurial built by Philip the Second and before it was burnt one of the most Magnificent Fabricks in the World Alcala de Henares famous for the University that Cardinal Ximenes Founded there Each of the two Castilles is qualified with the Title of Kingdom Estremadura hath two considerable Towns Badajos and Merida The chief Capes in Spain are on the Mediterranean Cape Palafagel in Catalonia Cape Martin in the Kingdom of Valencia Cape Palos in Murcia and Cape de Gates in the Kingdom of Granada Cape St. Vincent in Algarbe Cape de Spichel and de Roca in Portugal and Cape Finisterre and Cape Ortogal in Galicia and Cape de las Pennas in Asturia The chief Rivers that fall into the Mediterranean are the Ebre or Iberus which runs through Arragon and Catalonia and passes by Sarragossa and Tortose the Guadalaviar that passes by Valencia and the Xucar in the same Kingdom the Guadalentia in the Kingdom of Murcia those that discharge themselves into the Ocean are the Guadalquivir otherways Betis that runs through Andalusia and passes by Cordova and Sevil and empties it self into the Sea at St. Lucar de Barrameda the Guadania in Estremadura which River a little above Merida runs under ground for several Leagues and then breaks out again The Tagus which waters new Castile and Portugal passes by Toledo and Lisbon The Douero that runs through old Castile and Portugal and the Minho that divides Portugal from Galicia The chief Mountains are the Pyreneans Sierra Morena Sierra D' Alcaraz Sierra D' Albarazin and the Sierra Nevada commonly called the Granadas The Isles upon the Coasts of Spain are the Isle of Cadiz in the Ocean and near to Andalusia the Baleares to wit Majorca and Minorca the Isles of Yvica and Formentera in the Mediterranean The King of Spain is not at present Master of all these Provinces for Portugal and Algarbe belong to the King of Portugal and the King of France has made some incroachments in Catalonia There is no Religion professed in Spain but the Roman Catholick A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the chief Cities and Towns of the Kingdom of Spain 1. In the Kingdom of Galicia  Lat. Long. Compostella 42 3 10 2 Lugo 42 4 11 4 Corunna 42 5 10 2 Finisterre 43 0 9 2 Cape de Ortegul 43 2 11 1 Tuy 41 3 10 2 2. In the Kingdom of Leon. Leon. 42 1 13 5 Astorga 41 5 13 4 Camora 41 2 13 5 Salamanca 40 4 13 4 Ciudad Rodrigo 40 1 12 4 3. In the Kingdom of Asturia Oviedo 43 0 13 1 Cape de las Pennas 43 3 12 4 Santillians 43 0 14 3 4. In Biscay  Lat. Long. Cape Machachaca 43 4 16 4 Bilbao 43 2 16 4 Larido 43 1 16 0 Espinosa 43 0 15 2 St. Sebastian 43 2 17 4 Vittoria 42 4 16 2 5. In Navarre Pampelona 43 0 18 1 Estella 42 4 17 4 6 In the Kingdom of Arragon Saragosa 41 2 19 0 Husca 41 4 19 4 Jaca 42 2 19 1 Catalayud 40 5 18 1 Darosa 40 3 18 1 Albarazin 40 0 18 2 Tervel 39 3 19 0 Calanda 40 2 19 2 7. In Catalonia Barcelona 40 3 22 3 Tarragona 40 0 21 5 Tortose 39 4 20 4 Lerida 40 4 20 4 Solsone 41 1 21 1 Cordone 41 2 21 2 Blanes 40 4 23 1 Vich 41 0 21 5 Girone 41 1 23 1 Monserrat 40 3 21 5 Barraves 42 1 21 4 Roses 41 3 23 5 Cape de Palafagel 40 4 24 0 Flix 40 1 20 3 8. Roussillon Perpignan 42 0 23 2 9. In the Kingdom of Valencia Valencia 38 4 19 1 Segorbe 39 1 19 2 Denia 37 5 19 4 Cape St. Martin 37 4 20 0 Bonifaca 39 4 20 0 Xativa 38 1 18 5 Cullera 38 1 19 3 Segontum 38 4 19 4 Alicant 37 3 19 2 Xelva 39 2 18 2 Orignela 37 3 18 4 10. In the Kingdom of Granada Granada 36 5 16 0 Guadix 36 5 16 3 Almeria 36 1 17 2 Salobrenna 36 2 16 3 Malaga 36 0 14 4 Ronda 36 1 13 5 Marbello 35 5 14 0 Velez 36 2 15 1 Vbeda 37 4 15 5 Muxacra 36 2 17 4 Vera. 36 4 17 5 Cape de Gates 36 0 17 4 11. The Kingdom of Murcia Murcia 37 1 18 4 Carthagena 36 5 18 5 Cape de Palos 36 4 19 1 Lorca 37 1 17 3 Isle of Majorca Majorque 38 2 22 5 Isle of Minorca Port Mahon 38 4 24 2 In the Isle of Ivica Ivica 37 4 21 1 Isle of Formentera 37 2 21 1 12. Kingdom of Andalusia Sevil. 37 0 13 2 St. Lucar 36 2 12 4 Xeres 37 1 11 3 Pales 36 5 12 0 Cadiz 35 5 12 4 Medina Sidonia 36 0 13 2 Ecua 36 5 14 3 Cordova 37 2 14 5 Ayamont 36 5 11 3 Port Real 36 1 13 0 Gibralter 35 2 13 3 Tariffa 35 2 13 1 Lucena 36 5 15 1 Aremes 37 4 12 4 13. New Castile Madrid 39 5 15 5 Toledo 39 1 15 4 Alcala de Hen. 40 0 16 2 St. Cruz. 39 0 16 2 Ciutad Real 38 2 15 2 Malagon 38 4 15 4 Huetta 39 1 17 0 Cuensa 38 5 17 1 Escurial 39 5 15 3 14. Estremadura Bajadox 38 2 12 2 Alcantara 39 0 12 4 Merida 38 2 13 0 Truxil 38 3 13 4 15. In the Kingdom of old Castile Burgos 42 0 15 4 Valladolid 41 2 14 5 Villa Franca 40 1 14 0 Soria 41 2 17 0 Osma 41 0 16 5 Avila 40 2 14 2 Placentia 39 2 13 5 Coria 39 4 13 0 A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the most considerable Places in the Kingdom of Portugal In the Province called Entre Douro Minho  Lat. Long. Braga 41 1 10 4 Porto 40 5 10 3 Viana 41 2 10 1 Guimaranes 41 1 10 5 Amarante 41 1 11 0 Melgaon 41 5 10 3 Valensa de Minho 41 4 10 2 Ponte de Lima. 41 3 10 3 Barcelos 41 1 10 2 In the Province Tralos Montes Bragansa 41 4 12 4 Miranda 41 1 12 5 Cassel Rodrigo 40 3 12 3 Villa Real 41 0 11 3 Chaves 41 4 11 4 Spadacinta 40 5 12 4 Pinhel 40 2 12 2 T. de Moncorvo 40 5 12 2 Marialva 40 3 12 1 Almeida 40 1 12 4 In the Province of Beira Coimbra 39 5 10 4 P. Aveiro 40 2 10 2 Goes 39 5 11 0 Mira. 40 1 10 1 Lamego 40 5 11 3 Viseu 40 2 11 2 Guarda 40 0 12 1 Trancoso 40 3 11 3 Castel Branco 39 3 11 5 Val. Verde 40 4 11 4 Sabugal 40 0 12 2 Idenba 39 3 12 2 Cape de Mondego 39 5 10 0 In the Province of Estremadura Lisbon 38 3 9 2 Almada 38 2 9 3 Setuval 38 1 10 0 Orem 39 3 10 2 Alemover 38 5 9 5 Ega 39 4 10 2 Leiria 39 3 10 1 Tomar 39 2 10 4 Punhete 39 1 10 5 Palmela 38 2 9 5 Azarzedas 39 3 11 3 Figuera 39 4 10 5
Empire of the Sophy of Persia and is bounded on the West by the Turkish Empire on the East by that of the great Mogol on the North by the Tartars from whom it is divided by the River Oxus now Abiamus and on the South by the Gulf of Persia and the Indian Sea In a word it Reaches from Tygris to Indus and from the Caspian to the Persian Sea containing several Provinces Persia Sustana Parthia Media Affyria Hircania Paropamisa Margiana Carmania and Gedrosia all which have lost both their Names and Limits The Metropolis of these States is Hispahan or Isfaham a great and fair City containing many stately Palaces where the Sophy keeps his Court and usually resides It lies in Parthia now a days called Hierak The other Towns of that Province are Cassan Argistan Jex Saba and Targazin In the Province of Persia now called Farsy is the Town of Siras which is taken for the Ancient Persepolis burnt by Alexander Susiana which is called Cusistan hath for its Chief City Sus formerly Susa the Imperial Seat of Ahassuerus Media now a days Servan hath the City of Tauris which is the Ecbatana of the Ancients Assyria whereof the Turk possesses part hath Mosul for its Capital which is the Ancient Ninive the Metropolis of the Assyrians Hircania is called Diargument its principal Towns are Mazandaron and Strava Paropamisal at present Sablestan hath Candahar for its chief Town which gives also a name to all the Province Margiana or Elsabar hath Mexed for its principle Town where the Kings of Persia are Interred Carmania hath Chirman from which it takes its modern name Gedrosia or Circan hath the Town of Calamate The most Remarkable Isles of Persia are in the Gulf of that Name that of Ormus is near the Sreights and hath a Town of the same name Ruined at present The Isle of Baharem is famous by reason that about it they fish for and take the lovliest Oriental Pearls The Sophy of Persia is Mahumetan but follows the Doctrine of Aly Mahcmets Son in Law whom the Turks reckon a Heretick The Persians are of their Prince his Sect and civilized and polished and much of the humour of the French The Christian Religion is suffered there and in Hispahan it self there are Convents of several Orders as bare-footed Carmelites Capuchins Minims and many others CHAP. IV. The Empire of the great MOGOL GUINEA NIGRITA RVM REGIO EAST INDIA PORTUGALL THE Ancients divided the East-Indies into India on this side and India on t'other side of Ganges In the first called now Indostan which lies between that and another River named Indus is the Empire of the great Mogol It hath to the North Turquestan to the West the States of Persia to the South the Territories of several Princes which we shall hereafter mention and to the East the Kingdom of Bengala It is divided into several Kingdoms which carry generally the Names of their Capital Cities as Agra Lahor Delli Kabul Caximir but the Kingdom of Sinda hath Tatah for Metropolis The usual place of Residence of that Monarch is Lahor his Palace is Magnificent and he is the Richest Prince in the World in precious Stones He is Mahumetan and most of his Subjects follow the same Religion but there are many Christians and Idolaters amongst them and a Sect of Pythagoreans who hold it a deadly Sin to eat any thing that ever had life who are there called Bannians CHAP. V. The other States of the EAST-INDIES and what the PORTUGUESE and other Nations Possess there BEfore we proceed further we must take a view of the other Kingdoms of the East-Indies and of what the King of Portugal Possesses there that we may not be obliged to come back to the same parts again These Indies have two Peninsules which are divided by the Bay of Bengala That which is on the West side contains the Kingdoms of Decan Onar Barcelor Canara and some others with the Coast of Malabar in which are the Kingdoms of Calicut Cochin Coulan and others all bearing the Names of their Capital Towns They are Scituated on the Western part of this Peninsule Towards the Eastern is the Coast of Coromandel where are Negapatan Maliapor or St. Thomas and the Kingdom of Bisnagar Narsingue Golconde and Orixa which bear the Names of their chief Cities The two Coasts of this Peninsule are divided by Mount Gate which ends at Cape Comorin The Countrey scituated on this Mountain is called Balagate At the Entry of the other Peninsule which is to the East we meet with the Kingdoms and Cities of Pegu Siam Camboia and Tunquin and in the Penninsule is the Kingdom of Malacca with its City of the same Name which is the Southermost Extremity thereof In the Entry of the other Peninsule which is to the West is the Kingdom of Cambaya with a City of the same Name and another called Surrat which is very large and a place of great Trade and the Residence of our English President of India Thu Kingdam of Bengala is near the mouth of Ganges between the States of the Mogol and Pegu. The King of Portugal possesses the Isle of Diu near the Kingdom of Cambaya which has a Town of the same Name near the Kingdome of Decan the City of Goa one of the greatest Towns of the Indies and the Residence of the Archbishop and Vice-Roy some places on the Coast of Malabar and on the other side he had heretofore Maliapur a considerable Town where it is beleeved the Body of St. Thomas is In the other Peninsule formerly he held Malacca which the Dutch have since taken from him Besides these he hath several Islands and some places in others which belong not wholly to himself CHAP. VI. The Kingdom of CHINA SOme Authors make this Kingdom as big as all Europe so vast is its Extent It hath the Ocean to the East Cochinchina to the South and to the West the Indies and part of Tartary which it hath likewise in the North and from which it is seperated by that Famous Wall of Four hundred Leagues in Length It is divided into Fifteen Provinces the Names of which it is not very material to know There are above Two thousand Cities reckoned to be in this great Kingdom and of them Peking is the Chief and the Imperial Seat of their Kings That Throne was overturned by the Tartars who ruined this Empire and possest the greatest part thereof but the Natives have lately recovered their Liberty again and expulsed the Conquerers Nanquin Xanton and Amus are the most considerable CHINA TARTARIA Cities and the least is as big if not bigger than London There are in this Kingdom many Fair Navigable Rivers the chief of which are the Yellow and the Blew called in the Chinese Language Caramoran and Jansuguiam and Chincheo that passes by the Stately City of Amus The Chineses are Idolaters and Worship the Heavens and Stars with many Idols that they place in their Temples The Jesuites have
Lyonnois between which and it are the Beaujolois the chief Town whereof is Ville Franche and the Maronnois that takes its name from the Town of Maron the chief Towns of Burgundy are Dijon the Capital Authun an ancient Town Chalons on the Saone Beaune Semur and Langres some place Sens and Auxerre here Champaign hath Burgundy to the South and Picardy to the North its chief Towns are Rheins Troyes Chalons on the Marne Bar on the Sein Bar on the Aube Nogent Chaumont in Basigny and Joinville Seeing Champaign joyns Picardy and that we began the Description of the Circuit of France by this we will end it here that we may view the middle of the Kingdom and describe the Provinces that lie there proceeding from North to South Brie lies to the West of Champaign its chief Towns are Meaux Province Lagny Bricomte-Robert and Montereau France properly so called lies West from Brie and hath Picardy to the North it comprehends the Prevostie and Vicecounty of Paris the Isle of France the Valois the Heurepois and the Gastinois Paris is the Metropolis of all this Kingdom the Residence of the Kings and one of the fairest Cities in the World In the Isle of France is St. Denis the burying place of the French Kings Poissi St Germain and Montmorency are the other more remarkable Towns thereof In the Valois are Crespi Senlis and Beauvois with the Beauvoisis is by some also placed there In the Heurepois are Melun Corbeil Moret in the Gastinois are Montargis Nemours Estampes Milly Chastillon and Fontainbleau where the French King has a stately House in a vast Forrest The Beausse hath for chief Towns Orleans Chartres Dreux Chasteaudun Vandosme Meun Nogent le Roy and Blois Perche hath for principal Towns Nogent Le Retrou Molesme and Mortagues Anjou hath Angiers Saumeur and La Fleehe Tourain hath Tours which gives it the name Amboise Loches Chinon where Rablais was born Loudun and some others Sologne hath Remorantin Gergeau and Sully Berry which is almost in the middle of France hath Bourges its chief Town Sancerre Yssoudun Vierzon Dun Le Roy and Selles The Nivernois hath Nevers The Bourbonnois hath Moulins Bourbon L' Ancy and Bourbon L' Archamband The Forrest hath St. Estienne de Feuran Mont Brison Feurs and Rouenne Auvergne is divided into the upper and lower in this are the Towns of Clermont Ryons Montferraud and the Castle of Montpensier in the upper St. Flour and Aurilhac Lymoisin hath Limoges its Capital Town Segur and Chalus which are in the upper and Tulles Vzerche and Brive in the lower called otherways La Marche Quercy hath for Capital Cahors the other considerable Towns are Montauban and Moissac Perigord hath Perigueux Sarlat Bergerac and Miremont Rouvergne hath Rhodez Ville Franche and Milland The Angoulmois Angoulesme Chateau-neuf Coignac and Jarnac where the bloody Battel was fought in time of Charles the Ninth which bears that name And this is a brief Description of all the Provinces of France We must now see what Rivers water it Those that run into the Ocean are the Garonne the Charente the Loyre the Sein and the Somme Into the Mediterranean Sea the Aude the Eraud and the Rhosne The Garonne hath its source in the Pyrenean Hills runs through Guienne passes by Thoulouze and Bourdeaux receives into it the Ariege the Lot the Tarn and the Dordogne and falls into the Ocean near to Bourdeaux The Charente passes by Angoulesme and Xaintes The Loyre hath its Head in Languedoc among the Mountains of Vivarezi from whence it enters into the Forrests and passes by Rouenne where it begins to carry Boats it runs through the Bourbonois the Nivernois Beausse Tourain and Anjou passes by Nevers Orleans Blois Amboise Tours Saumeur and entring a little into Bretaign and having washed Nantes it discharges it self into the Ocean carrying with it the Allier the Clein the Creuse the Cher the Vienne the Mayne and many Rivulets The Sein comes out of Burgundy waters Champaign the Isle of France and Normandy it passes through Paris and by Rouen and being encreased by the Marne the Youne the Oyse and some other Rivers it is embraced by the Ocean near Havre De-grace The Somme springs out of Picardy runs through it and forsakes not that Province till it lose it self in the Ocean after it hath washed Amiens Abbeville and several other Towns of that Country from whence the Escaut or Scheld springs also The Aude come from the Pyrenean Mountains and runs by Carcassonne and Narbonne The Eraud comes from the Sevenes and passes by Agde the Orb by Beziers The Rhosne has its source in Mount St. Gothard among the Alpes runs through the Lake of Geneva passes by Lyons Vienne Valence under the Pont St. Esprit by Avignon Beaucaire Arles and receives into it the Saone the Isere the Droume the Durance the Ardeche the Gardon and by its Branches having made an Island which is called Camargue from Cajus Marius corrupting Caii Marii Ager into Camargue it falls into the Mediterranean There are in France fifteen Archbishopricks and comprehending Avignon sixteen which are Rouen Tours Bourdeaux Auch Thoulouze Narbonne Arles Aix Ambrun Vienne Lyons Sens Rheims Paris Bourges and Avignon and above an hundred Bishopricks There are ten ancient Parliaments which are established at Paris Rouen Rennes Bourdeaux Pau Thoulouze Aix Grenoble Dijon and Metz and two new ones the one at Tournay for the French Conquests in the Netherlands the other at Besancon for the Franche Comty Its Isles in the Ocean are Belle-Isle on the Coast of Bretaign Neirmonsteir on the Coast of Poitou the Isles of Re and Oleron on the Coasts of Aunis and Xaintonge In the Mediterranean are the Isles of Hieres of St. Margaret and St. Honorat on the Coast of Provence Its Mountains besides the Alpes and Pyrenees are those of Auvergne and Sevenes which the Ancients called Montes Cebennae the name not much as yet altered There are besides Mount Jura or St. Claude which is towards Switzerland and Mount Vogese or Faucilles towards the Diocess of Langres The Catholick Religion is the publick established Religion in France yet the Protestant is permitted there And thus Reader you have a short draught of a large and flourishing Kingdom under the Dominion of a great and powerful Prince Before we proceed to Italy we must pass over into Savoy which is inclosed within France This Dutchy belonging to a Prince who carries the Title of it hath to the North the Lake of Geneva and Switzerland to the East Piemont and Dauphine to the South and West the chief Towns of it are Chambrey its Capital City Montmelian and Foussigny The County of Morienne where St. John stands and the Tarantaise where Monstier is which are in the Alpes belong to the Duke of Savoy as well as Piemont and the Marquisat of Saluces of which we shall speak in the Description of Italy Geneva lying at the end of a great Lake that carries
its name heretofore belonged to the Duke of Savoy but at present it owns no Superior and is erected into a Commonwealth A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in the Kingdom of France In Picardy  Lat. Long. Calais 51 1 23 1 Bologne 50 5 23 1 Abbeville 50 1 23 1 Amiens 49 5 23 4 St. Quintin 50 0 25 1 Perone 50 0 24 4 Oyk 49 4 24 3 In Normandy Rouen 49 3 22 1 Diepe 50 0 22 1 Havre de Grace 49 4 21 1 Lizeux 48 5 21 4 Caen. 49 2 20 1 Isigny 49 4 19 1 Auranches 48 5 19 0 Seez 48 5 20 5 Isle of Jersey 49 3 18 1 Isle of Gernsey 49 4 17 4 In Poictou Poictiers 46 4 21 0 Vivonne 46 3 21 0 Rochel 46 1 19 1 Isle of Re. 46 1 18 4 Amboise 47 2 22 0 Guerot 46 0 23 0 In the Isle de France Paris 48 5 23 3 Soyssons 49 3 24 3 Fountainbleau 48 3 23 3 In Champaign Sedan 49 5 26 1 Rhemes 49 2 25 2 Espernay 49 0 25 0 Chalons 48 4 25 5 Troyes 48 2 25 2 Bray 48 3 24 2 Ay. 49 0 25 2 In Bretagne St. Malo 48 5 18 0 Dol. 48 4 18 3 Rennes 48 0 18 3 Treguier 48 4 16 4 Morlaix 48 2 16 0 St. Pol de Lion 48 4 15 4 Brest 48 0 15 2 Pol David 47 4 15 2 Blauet 47 3 16 4 Vennes 47 2 17 1 Nantes 47 1 18 5 Machecour 46 5 18 3 Dieu 46 4 18 1 Isle de Nermontier 47 0 18 0 Belle Isle 47 0 16 4 Isle de Vssant 48 1 14 2 In Main Mans. 48 0 21 0 Suze 47 5 21 0 In Anjou Anger 's 47 3 19 5 Saumer 47 1 20 2 Bange 47 4 20 5 Craon 47 5 19 2 Tours 47 2 21 4 In Perche Nogent Le Retrou 48 2 21 5 In the Nivernois Nevers 46 5 24 1 In the Orleannois Orleans 47 4 23 0 Blois 47 4 22 2 In Bourgogne  Lat. Long. Dijon 47 1 26 2 Auxerre 47 2 24 4 Autun 46 4 25 2 Chalon 46 3 26 1 Verdun 46 4 26 1 Mascon 46 0 26 0 In Berry Bourges 47 0 23 1 In the Bourbonnois Moulins 46 1 24 2 In the Angumois Angoulesme 45 5 20 5 In Saintonge Saintes 45 5 19 4 Broiiage 45 4 19 1 Isle de Oleron 45 5 18 4 In the Lionnois Lyon 45 4 26 2 Rouanne 45 5 25 1 In Perigort Perigeux 45 2 21 3 In Limosin Limoges 45 4 22 1 In Quercy Cahors 44 2 22 3 In Auvergne St. Flour 44 4 24 2 Mercaeur 45 0 24 1 Vsson 45 1 24 4 Clermont 45 3 24 1 In Rovergne Rodez 44 1 23 3 Estain 44 4 23 2 Vabres 43 4 23 5 In Gascogny  Lat. Long. Bourdeaux 44 5 19 2 Bourg 45 2 19 4 Tour de Cordovan 45 3 18 5 Cusac 45 2 20 0 Albret 44 2 20 2 Aux 43 4 21 0 Lombes 43 2 21 2 Dax 44 0 19 2 Bayonne 43 4 18 2 In Low Navar. Pau. 43 2 19 4 Tarbe 43 1 20 3 St. Bertrant 42 5 21 1 In Languedoc Tholouse 43 3 21 5 Alby 43 3 22 3 Castres 43 2 22 5 Carcasson 43 0 22 3 Narbone 42 5 23 4 Bezieres 43 0 24 0 Montpellier 43 1 25 1 Nismes 43 2 25 3 Vses 43 3 25 3 Viviers 44 0 26 0 In Rousillon Perpignan 42 1 23 3 In Province Freiuls 43 0 28 2 Tholon 42 4 27 4 Marseille 42 5 26 5 Aix 43 0 26 5 Arles 43 0 26 0 Avignon 43 3 26 1 Orange 43 4 26 1 Sisteron 43 5 27 5 In Daufine Vienne 45 1 26 4 Grenoble 44 5 27 2 St. Antoin 44 5 26 4 Valence 44 3 26 3 St. Paul 44 0 26 2 Embrun 44 3 28 1 ITALIE A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in the Dukedom of Savoy In Savoy Proper  Lat. Long. Chambery 45 1 27 3 Montmelian 45 0 27 4 Beufort 45 1½ 28 1 Aix 45 2 27 3 Rumilly 45 3 27 3 Conflens 45 1 28 0 Miolans 45 1 27 4 L'Eschelles 45 0 27 2 In Bugey St. Genis de Hoste 45 1 27 1 Yenne 45 2 27 2 In Maurienna La Chambre 44 5 28 0 St. Jean de Maurien 44 4 28 0 Modane 44 4 28 2 Lasneburg 44 5 28 4 Mount Cenis 44 4 29 0 In the Tarantais  Lat. Long. Moustiers 45 1 28 1 St. Jacquiesme 45 0½ 28 2 St. Maurice 45 1 28 3 In the Genevais Geneva 46 0 27 4 Annecy 45 4 27 4 Alby 45 3 27 4 Thonne 45 3 28 0 In Fausigny La Bonne Ville 45 4 27 5 Cluse 45 4 28 1 Salanche 45 3 28 2 In Chablais Thonon 46 0 28 0½ Ripaille 46 0 28 1 Evian 46 0 28 2 St. Jingo 46 0 28 3 Aux 45 5 28 2 CHAP. VI. Italy ITALY hath on the West the River Var and the Alpes which divide it from France and the Mediterranean Sea it is divided from Germany by the same Mountains on the North on part of which side also is the Gulf of Venice it hath to the East the Ionian Sea and to the South the Sea of Tuscany This Region resembles the Leg and Thigh of a man or if you had rather a Boot The Apennine Hills stretch along the whole length of it and it is divided into several states under the Dominion of divers Princes The Pope possesses the Ecclesiastick State in which are the Campania of Rome the Patrimony of St. Peter the Dutchies of Spoleto Vrbin and Ferrara the Mark of Ancona Romania and the Boulognois and in the Kingdom of Naples the Dutchy of Benevent The King of Spain possesses the Kingdom of Naples the Dutchy of Milan and some places on the side of Tuscany with the Marquisat of Final on the Frontiers of Genoa The Duke of Florence is Master of the greatest part of Tuscany The Duke of Savoy holds Piemont the Marquisat of Saluces and the County of Nice The Duke of Parma the Dutchies of Parma and Placentia and the Dutchy of Castro The Duke of Mantua the Dutchy of Mantua and Montferrat The Duke of Modena the Dutchies of of Modena and Regio The Prince of Massa the Principality that gives him the Title The Prince of Mirandola the Principality of the same name The Bishop of Trent is Prince of his own Bishoprick it contains four Republicks two that are great to wit of Venice and Genoa and two lesser of Lucca and St. Marin The Republick of Venice possesses part of Istria the rest belonging to the House of Austria Frioli the Mark Trevisane il Dogado the Padonan the Veronese the Vicentin the Bressian and the Bergamaske The Republick of Genoa possesses that which is called Riviera di Genoa that of Lucca but little and that of St. Marin less We are now to take a view of of all these States in order Coasting along by the Sea which environs that
sweet Country and proceeding from West to East Having passed the Var we come into the County of Nice wherein is a City of the same name and that of Villa Franca Monaco which belongs to its own Prince the Marquisat of Final with a Town of the same name The Riviera de Genoa wherein are the Metropolis of Genoa which is called in Italian La Superba the Stately and is one of the most beautiful Towns in Italy Savona Albenga and some others Tuscany is separated from the Riviera de Genoa by La Macra it reaches to the Campania of Rome on the East and has that Sea which carries its name on the South and the Apennines on the North. The Duke of Florence who takes the Title of great Duke of Tuscany is Master of the greatest part of it The chief Towns in his Territories are Florence the Capital City Pisa Siena Volterra Pistoia and Legorn a Sea-Port Town The small State of the Republick of Lucca the Principality of Massa and the Stato delli Presidi in which are the Towns Orbitello Porto Hercole and Piombino that belong to the King of Spain are in Tuscany as also the Dutchy of Castro which belongs to the Duke of Parma having a Town of the same name and the Patrimony of St Peter wherein are Viterbo Montefiascone and some others Aquapendente Peruga near a Lake that bears its name Orvieta and Civita Vecchia a fair Port where the Pope keeps his Gallies are likewise in Tuscany The Campania of Rome in ancient times called Latium hath to the East La Terra d' Lavoro of the Kingdom of Naples to the South the Sea to the West Tuscany from which it is separated by the Tibre and to the North Abruzzo its Capital City is Rome so famous that none can compare with it heretofore it gave Laws to the whole World almost and at present extends its power farther than ever seeing the Popes exercise their Authority in America where the Consuls and Emperors of Rome were never known There are many prints of its ancient splendor still extant as the Pantheon which goes by the name of Santa Maria Rotunda the Pillars of Trajan and Antonin Amphitheaters Baths Aqueducts and many other stately remains of Antiquity which by their Ruins publish the Roman Magnificence and Grandeur it stands upon the Tiber at the mouth of which River is the Town of Ostia The other Towns of the Campania of Rome are Tivoli formerly Tybur where are excellent Waters Avagnia Palestrine which is the ancient Preneste Veletri heretofore Velitrae where Augustus was born Terracine and some others The Kingdom of Naples is bounded on the West by the State of the Church and on all other sides by the Sea to wit the Sea of Tuscany on the South that of Ionia on the East and the Gulf of Venice on the North it is divided into several Provinces on the Tuscan Sea are Terra di Lavoro of which Naples is the Capital City that hath a good Port the others are Capoua Pussoli Cajette and Baiae that is ruined The Principality wherein Salerne is Calabria that contains Cosenca and Regio The Basilicate and Principality of Tarento lie on the Ionian Sea and on the Gulf of Venice the Country of Otranto that has a Town of the same name and the Land of Bari in which are Bari and Brindisi Apulia wherein is Manfredonia Abruzzo whereof the Capital Town is Aquila And in that Province also is the Dutchy of Benevento that belongs to the Church The Mark of Ancona lies likewise on the Gulf of Venice in which is a Town of the same name and that of our Lady of Loretto that is much frequented upon the account of Devotion Next after comes Romania its Capital City is Ravenna and the others are Faensa Forli and Imola The Boulognois has Bononia for its Capital which is one of the fairest Cities of Italy The Dutchy of Ferrara with its Metropolis of the same name is Situated on the Po. The Dutchy of Venice wherein is comprehended that delicate City built upon Piles in the Sea Frioli where are Vdena and the Ruins of Aquilea Istria which belongs partly to the Venetians and partly to the Archdukes of Austria bounds Italy on that side the chief Towns of it are Cabo d' Istria Tergeste Parentia and Pola The Marque or Mark Trevisane hath Trevisa Verona and Vicensa The Bishoprick of Trent stretches along the Alpes and its chief City is famous for the last Council held there the Bishoprick of Bellona is in the same Province also The Dutchy of Milan hath the Alpes on the North Piemont on the West Parma on the South and the Venetian State on the East Milan its Capital is one of the greatest Towns of Europe and its Castle one of the best Fortresses in the same Province are also Pavia Cremona Novarra Lodi Como and Vigevano The Metropolis of Piemont is Turin on the Po a lovely City where the Dukes of Savoy keep their Court Pignerol a strong place belonging to France is in the same Province Carmagnole is the chief Town of the Marquisat of Saluces as Casal is in Montferrat The Dutchies of Parma Placentia Modena and Regio have their Capital Cities of the same names The Dutchy of Mantua hath likewise a City of the same name built in the middle of a Lake on the River Mince These Dutchies that we have now named lie in that part of Italy which the Romans called Gallia Cisalpina because the Gaules were planted there and that as to them it was on this side of the Alpes it was afterwards called Lombardy from the Lombards that Conquered it which name it still retains it is on the South shut up by the Apennine Hills the Alpes on the North and West and by the Gulf of Venice and the River Pisaura or Foglia on the East A great part of the Venetian State lies in that Region as Crema a strong Town Bergamo with its Territory and Eresse or Brescia wirh its Dependances The Dutchy of Spoleto and that of St. Vrbin which belongs to the Holy See have each of them a Capital Town of the same name and are Situated upon the Apennine Mountains in the Center of Italy In the first is the Town of Assise where St. Francis was born within the second is enclosed the little Republick of St. Marin under the Protection of the Pope The chief Rivers of Italy that fall into the Mediterranean are the Var which runs through the County of Nice and divides it from Provence the Magra which divides Liguria called Riviera di Genoa from Tuscany the Arne that passes by Florence and Pisa the Tiber that runs by Rome and is augmented by Teverone and Chiara the Garigliano heretofore Liris and the Vulturno Into the Gulf of Venice fall Lofanto Pescara and Tronto which are in the Kingdom of Naples the Foglia that is is in the Mark of Ancona Rubicon at present Pisatello that heretofore divided Gallia Cisalpina
Regiomontum The Capital of Lithuania is Vilua In Livonia or Liefland are the Towns of Riga Reuel and Torpach it belongs almost wholly to the Suede being yielded to that Crown by the Treaty of Oliva in the Year 1660. The Capital of Massovia is Warsaw of Podlassia Bijelsko Caminiek and Bar are in Podolia and Vlodimer in Volhinia Leopolis an Archbishoprick is the Metropolis of Russia-Nigra Samogithia is also a Province of that State but hath neither Town nor Castle The Rivers of that Country are the Vistula or Weisel that passes by Cracocovia Sandomeria and Dantzick The D'una passing by Riga into Lithuania The Boristhenes or Nieper bounds these States on the East having its mouth in the Vkraine the Country of the Cosacques who are under the Dominion of the King of Poland but none of the best Subjects The Catholick Religion is the strongest in these States but the Calvinist and Lutheran are professed there also A Table of the Longitudes and Latitudes of the principal places in Poland and Lytuania Prussia Royal to Poland  Lat. Long. Dantzick 54 2 41 5 Elbing 54 1 42 4 Marienburg 53 5 42 1 Newenburg 53 3 41 5 Gulm 53 1 41 4 Thorn 53 0 41 4 Prussia Ducal to Brandenburg Brandenburg 54 3 43 4 Koningsburg 54 3 44 0 Alterburg 54 2 44 4 Tilse 54 5 45 4 Memmel 55 4 45 0 Samagotia in North Russia Midnick ab Nomie 55 3 46 1 Rosienne 55 2 46 5 Heligaw 56 0 44 4 Birce 56 0 48 5 Tauragen 55 1 46 1 Curland in North Russia Mittaw 56 3 47 3 Goldingen 56 4 45 4 Windaw 57 0 45 0 Liba 56 2 44 4 Plenen 57 1 46 2 Lithuania Palatinate de Poloczk Poloczk 55 2 53 3 Rosian 55 0 55 2 Drissa 55 5 52 1 Pal. de Witepsk Scasnistere 55 0 54 2 Witepsk 55 2 55 4 Witlisst 55 4 57 0 Vla 55 0 54 3 Horodeck 55 4 55 3 Pal. of Vilna Breslaw 55 4 50 4 Vilna 54 3 29 1 Froki 54 3 48 4 Milkemirs 55 0 48 4 Opixty 55 1 49 0 Pal. of Troki Troki 54 3 48 4 Pubinki 54 5 49 2 Kowne 54 4 47 4 Grodne 53 4 47 3 Lida 53 5 49 0 Wilkewiska 53 1 48 3 Bielica 53 4 49 1 Asuriana 54 2 49 4 Pal. d' Minsk Minsk 53 5 51 4 Borislaw 54 0 53 2 Pal. of Novigrodeck Novigrodeck 53 3 49 3 Skenim 53 0 49 0 Hasko 53 0 51 4 Mir 53 2 50 2 Pal. de Mesillaw Mesillaw 54 0 58 0 Orssa 54 2 56 0 Mohilow 53 4 56 0  54 3 47 3 Rohakzo 52 5 55 0 Rzeczyca 52 0 56 0 Pal. of Bressici Bressici     Pinek     Horodeck     Kolne     Nassovia Warsaw 52 1 44 1 Pultansk 52 4 44 3 Czersko 51 5 44 3 Wiskow 52 2 44 2 Nar 52 3 46 1 Wishegred 52 3 43 0 Poland Pal. of Plotsko  Lat. Long. Plotsko 52 3 42 4 Plousko 52 5 43 0 Doberin 52 3 42 2 Reppina 52 5 42 3 Pal. of Inowlocz Inowlocz 52 5 41 2 Wladislaw 52 4 40 4 Fredrelaut 53 2 40 4 Pal. of Posua Posuan 52 2 40 3 Rogosua 52 4 39 5 Welin 52 5 38 5 Krziwin 52 0 40 3 Miedzersee 52 2 38 2 Pal. of Kebish Ghesna 52 3 40 5 Kaelish 51 5 40 5 Navle 52 5 40 1 Lawdic 52 1 41 1 Colo 52 1 41 3 Pal. of Brest Brestie 52 3 42 0 Kraswick 52 4 41 1 Pal. of Rava Rava 51 5 42 3 Gabni 52 2 52 3 Gostinin 52 2 52 4 Pal. of Seradia Serad 51 3 41 0 Telun 51 1 40 5 Krzepick 51 0 41 0 Pal. of Lencici Lencici 52 1 41 4 Bresini 52 3 42 5 Pal. of Saudomira  Lat. Long. Lawichest 51 3 45 0 Saudomire 50 3 44 4 Visliczca 50 1 43 3 Malogocz 50 4 42 5 Zarnaw 51 1 42 5 Radom 51 1 44 0 Pal. of Cracaw Cracow 50 0 42 3 Zacor 49 5 42 0 Nowopol 50 5 41 5 Sandecz 49 4 43 1 Brecz 49 4 43 4 Pal. of Lublin Lublin 51 0 45 1 Czetiche 51 3 44 4 Kazimeeres 51 0 44 4 Lukow 51 4 45 4 Pal. of Bielsk Bielsk 52 4 47 1 Grodeck 62 1 56 2 Aguston 53 4 46 4 Goniutz 53 2 46 1 Drogierin 52 1 46 2 Pal. de Chelia 51 0 46 3 Dubur 50 5 77 1 Kranoslow 50 5 46 0 Pal. of Belez 50 1 47 4 Krilow 50 3 17 2 Pal. de Lemburg Terpold or Low 49 4 46 5 Halicz 48 5 47 5 Premislaw 49 3 45 3 Sanock 49 1 45 1 Sniatin 48 3 48 4 Pal. of Lusuck or Vithinna Mlodzimeers 50 4 47 4 Constantino 51 1 49 5 Horoskle 50 5 52 5 Lusuck 50 4 49 0 Pal. of Kaminieck 49 5 48 4 Barr 49 1 51 2 Bourack 49 0 48 3 Pal. de Bracklaw 52 4 48 5 Minieza 49 2 52 2 Vkrain or Cossacks Country Base Podolia Bialcerkew 50 0 54 4 Grudeck 50 0 53 2 Kiovia 50 4 55 2 Czyetkassia 49 3 56 3 Kudack 48 5 59 3 Krilow 49 2 47 3 Isles of y Tar-Treasure 48 0 58 1 Dutche de Czennihow Moryn 51 2 56 4 Kozel 50 2 57 4 Czernihow 51 5 57 0 CHAP. XVIII The Isles of Europe ENGLAND SCOTLAND IRELAND With the ILES Thereto Belonging ENGLAND SCOTLAND IRELAND The Island of Great Britain which comprehends the Kingdoms of England and Scotland is one of the biggest Islands in the Ocean The Kingdom of England is divided from Scotland that lies to the North by the River of Tweed and Cheviot Hills and from France by a narrow Sea called the Channel the chief Cities thereof are London on the Thames the Metropolis York and Canterbury its two Archbishopricks Oxford and Cambridg two famous Universities and several other great and populous Cities The chief Rivers of England are the Thames the Humber and the Severne This Kingdom is divided into fifty two Counties or Shires reckoning the Dominion of Wales which lies to the West thereof from which the eldest Sons of the Kings of England have their Titles of Princes of Wales Scotland a Kingdom to the North of England hath Edinburgh for its Metropolis St. Andrews and Glasgow two Archbishopricks and Universities and Aberdeen another University with many other Towns of less note the Rivers of Scotland are not very considerable except for Fishing The Orcades to the Northward of Scotland are many in number but only thirteen of them are inhabited and yet more Northerly are the Isles of Shetland belonging likewise to Scotland The Hebrides or Hebudes are to the West of Scotland and are above three hundred in number the greatest of which are Arran Skie and Mule The Isles of Anglesey and Man are to the West of England and the Isle of Wight to the South Ireland heretofore Hibernia lies to the West of England it is a great Island and hath many good Towns Dublin is its
Converted many of them to Christianity and are very Active in making Proselytes in those Parts CHAP. VII TARTARY THE greater Tartary is one of the vastest Regions of the whole Earth It hath to the West the States of Muscovy the Ocean to the North to the East the Streights of Anian or Jesso according to some Maps and to the South Persia India and China Several Princes have Dominions in that great space of Land and among others the Prince of Niuche on the East-side who Invaded and Conquered China But the most considerable of all is the Great Cham. One of his chief Provinces in Cathay which some take for China and its City of Cambalu for that of Pequin so uncertain Men are in the knowledge of those distant Countries It is nevertheless sure that there are Vagabond Tartars divided into Societies called Hordes They Inhabit that place which is called Tartary Desert near which is the Kingdom of Astracan with a Town on the same Name on the Volga In these Countreys as 't is reported grows the Boranetz which is a Plant Animal that is half a Plant and half an Animal It is in Shape like a Lamb and fastned to a stalk about which it Nibbles and Eats the Grass which once failing it withers and dies The other parts of Tartary are Turquestan and Zagathy the chief City whereof is Samarkand the Imperial Seat of the Victorious Tamerlan Most part of the Tartars are Mahumetans there are many Idolaters some Jews and very few Christians among them CHAP. VIII The Isles of ASIA in the Ocean IN treating of the Tetritories of the Turk we spake of the Isles of Asia that are in the Mediterranean We must now mention those in the Ocean which belong to that part of the World but seeing they are so numerous that a large Volume would be too little to describe them all in we shall only touch at those which are the most considerable and of greatest Note amongst them The Maldives lie towards the Cape of Comorin to the South and West thereof there are many of them and they reach to the Line being divided into certain Parcels which are called Attollons and contain many small Islands separated by verry narrow Channels they are full of Coco-trees the Inhabitants are Mahumetans and subject to a King Zeilan or Zeilon is near Cape Comorin being Two hundred and forty Leagues in Circumference The Indians call it Tenasirim that is a Paradice of Delights there grows the Tree whereof Cinnamon is but the Bark and that in such plenty that there are whole Forrests of them Fair Emeralds and fairer Elephants are likewise to be had there Some would have it to be the Taprobane of the Ancients which others think to be Sumatra One of its chief Towns is Sitavaca the Residence of a Prince who takes the Title of Emperor of Zeilan to whom the other Kings are Tributary It is divided into several Kingdoms of which Candy that is in the middle of the rest is one of the chief The Portuguese had formerly some places there of which Columbo was the most Important But at present the Hollanders are possessed of that and much more than ever the Portuguese had The Natives are either Mahumetans or Idolaters Sumatra is divided by the Streights of Sincapura from the Peninsula of Malaccra Most part of the Modern Geographers take it for Taprobane the Equinoctial cuts it almost in the middle it is very large and some assign to it Thirty Kingdoms It s chief Towns are Achein Pedar and Batham The Inhabitants profess Mahumetanism and many of them are still Idolaters Great Java is near to Sumatra and is seperated from it but by an Arm of the Sea called the Streights of Sonda This Island is about Two Hundred Leagues in Length but not above Forty in Breadth It is Subject to several Princes who are Tributaries to another by them called Mataram that is to say Emperour It hath considerable Towns such as Bantam Palambuam Japara and Batavia called so by the Hollanders being formerly called Jacatra They took it in the Year One thousand six hundred and seventeen and have strongly fortified it and made it the Residence of their General and Principal Seat of their great East-India Trade The Inhabitans of the Island are for the most part Mahumetans Little Java is now called Cumbava and but little known some of its Inhabitans are Idolators Borneo lies to East of Malacca and Sumatra and to the North of Java This is one of the greatest Islands in the Ocean it is almost round and hath above 200 Leagues in Diameter It s Principle Town carries its Name Most part of the Inhabitans profess Mahumetanisme and the rest are plunged in Idolatry Celebes is to the East of Borneo and is much less than it the chief Towns thereof are one that goes by the same Name and Durate Gilolo is to the East of the former and is not so great it hath a Town of its own Name and another called Tolo The Molucca's so Famous for the Cloves Nutmegs and Mace which they disperse through the whole World lie under the Equinoctial betwixt Celebes and Gilolo The chief are Ternate Tidor Motir Machian and Bachian The Portuguese have had some places there which have been disputed by the English and Dutch and finally carried by the latter who have Engrossed the Trade of those Rich Spices Banda is to the South of Gilolo and furnishes also Nutmegs The Hollanders have the Possession thereof The Philippine Islands called so by the Spaniards in Honour of their King Philip the Second are so many in number that some Authors reckon above Ten thousand of them They lie Northward from the Mollucca's and Eastward from Cochinchina The greatest and most considerable of them is Luconia where the Town of Manilha is The other that are remarkable are those of Mindanao which hath a Town of its Name the Isles of St. Juan of Cebu Matan and Tandayo Betwixt this last and the Isle of Lucon is the Streights of Manilha Famous amongst Navigators Amacao or Macao is a small Island on the Coast of China where the Portguese have a Town of the same Name The Isle Formosa the Lucaios and some others are to the East of China The Empire of Jappan is composed of several great Islands on the the East of China the chief of which is called Niphon and its Capital Town Meaco though this present Emperour hath his Court at Jedo in the East part of the Island Many Jesuites have here lost their lives for Preaching Christ to that Idolatrous People To the North of this Countrey the Land of Jesso hath been lately discovered divided from it by the Streights of Sangar The chief Mountains of Asia are Taurus Libanus Caucasus and Imaus It s chief Capes are that of Comorin in the Indies Liampo in China Fartach Razalgate and Monzandaon in Arabia the happy and the Promontory of Tabin in Tartary It s principal Rivers are the Volga Araxez
Oxus now Abiamus and Jaxartes or Chesel which run into the Caspian Sea Euphrates and Tigris come from the Mountains of Armenia embrace Mesopotamia and uniting in Chaldea fall into the Gulf of Persia Indus comes from Caucasus gives its name to India which it watereth and afterward runs into the Ocean as Ganges does into the Bay of Bengall The Cosmin passes by Pegu and the Menan by Siam they both proceed from the Lake of Chiamay and fall into the Ocean The Yellow and Blew Rivers are in China The Tartar that is thought to have given Name to Tartary runs into the Northern Ocean and the Oby also It is to be observed that the greatest part of Asia is in the Temperate Zone It hath some Regions in the Torrid to wit part of Arabia the happy and of the Indies with many Isles Some Countreys of Tartary are in the Frozen Zone To conclude Asia reaches from the Equinoctial to the Seventieth degre of North Latitude and some of its Isles are Ten degrees beyond the Line CHAP. IX AFRICA THere is no need of crossing the Sea to go from Asia to Africa since we have a passage by Land which is the Isthmus of Suez betwixt the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Having passed that we find at first sight Egypt and proceeding from East to West we shall in order find Barca Barbary and the Kingdoms of Fez and Morocco that are washed with the Ocean Afterward from North to South we will meet with Biledulgerid Zahara the Countrey of Negres Guinea the Kingdom of Congo the Countrey of Caffres as far as the Cape of good Hope Afterward going tovvards the North we shall find Zanguebar and some other Countreys and then having visited those Regions that are in the heart of Africa as Nubia Ethiopia and Monomotapa we shall end with its Mountains Capes and Isles CHAP. X. EGYPT and the Region of BARCA AFRICA WE shall view the Countreys of Africa that lie upon the Ocean after that we have seen those that are upon the Mediteranean Egypt so famous both in Sacred and Prophane History which speak so often of its Pharaoh's and Ptolomies hath on the East the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea on the North the Mediterranean on the West the Countrey of Barca and on the South Nubia and Ethiopia It hath not so many Towns at present as it had heretofore The Metropolis of it is Caire a very great City on the right Bank of the River of Nile On the other side of that River are to be seen those famous Pyramids which were the Monuments of some Kings and have been reckoned amongst the Seven Wonders of the World and as in all probability they were the most ancientest of the Seven so 't is certain they are the only one remaining Nile having washed Caire divides it self into two Branches which embrace the Countrey called Delta from the Greek Letter Δ which it resembles these two Branches produce others which made several Mouths to that River some of which are stopt up The other Towns are Asna anciently Siene towards the South Alexandria heretofore the Capital City under the Ptolomies preserves still in its stately Ruins the Name of Alexander the Great who founded it It lies upon the Sea and near the place where the Phare stood which was one of the Seven Wonders Rosetta and Damieta are also upon the Sea at two other Mouths of the Nile All this fair Countrey is made wonderfully fruitful by the over-flowing of the Nile and is subject to the Turk the Inhabitants are Mahumetans but there are many Jews and some Christians among them The Region of Barca was anciently called Cyrenaica and hath Egypt on the East the Sea on the North on the West Barbary and the Desarts that carry its name with Lybia on the South its chief Town is likewise called Barca the others are Alberton Patriarcha Bonandrea Berniche and some more The People are Mahumetans Subjects to the Turk CHAP. XI BARBARY with the Kingdoms of FEZ and MOROCCO BArbary hath to the East the Countrey of Barca to the North the Mediterranean to the West the Kingdoms of Fez and Morocco and to the South Mount Atlas which divides it from Biledulgerid Going from East to West we find the Kingdoms of Tripoly Tunnis Algire and Tremesin or Telensin with their chief Towns of the same Name Near to Tunnis are to be seen some Ruins of the famous Carthage In the Kingdom of Algier is Bugie and Gigery and some other places that may be seen in the Map but very little known to us The People of that Countrey are Mahumetans and subject to the Turk and have for many Ages practiced Pyracy upon the Mediterranean to the great Annoyance of the Christians Commerce The Kingdom of Fez has to the South Morocco to the East the Kingdom of Tremisen to the North the Streights of Gibraltar and to the West the Atlantick Ocean its chief Cities carries the same Name and is a beautiful and stately Place the Principal Mosque of it is above a quarter of a mile in circuit and therein burn constantly Nine hundred Lamps The other Towns are Mahamore Larache Alcazer and Tetuan the two former belong to the King of Spain and Tangier belonging to the King of Great Britain The Kingdom of Morocco lies to the South of that of Fez its chief City bears the same Name and is beautiful and large though it hath lost much of its ancient Splendour On the the Top of one of its Towers are three Golden Balls which are believed to be Enchanted Next to Morocco the Town of Agmet is the most considerable These two Kingdoms belong to one Prince who is called Emperor of Morocco he is Mahumetan and his Subjects are of the same Religion but there are many Jews and Christians among them New MEXICO FLORIDA CHAP. XII BILEDULGERID and ZAHARA NEW SPAIN GUIANA BILEDULGERID signifies a Countrey of Dates because it abounds with Palm-trees which bear that Fruit. The Ancients called that Region Numidia it reaches from the Atlantick Ocean to Egypt the space of a Thousand Leagues Mount Atlas divides it from Barbary on the North and Zara bounds it on the South Its best Province is Suz on the Atlantick Ocean the rest which are Tesset Dara Segelmesse Zeb and some others most of which take their Names from their Towns are but little inhabited by reason of the great inconveniences of want of Water noxious Animals and the barrenness of the Soil Zahara or the Desart is the Ancient Lybia and reaches from the Ocean to Egypt and hath Biledulgerid to the North and the Countrey of Negres to the South There is hardly any thing there but Desarts and heaps of Sand which being driven by the Wind many times bury Travellers alive and being heated by the direct Beams of the Sun render the Air insupportably hot However there are some places inhabited as Zanhaga Zuenziga Terga Agadez Berdoa and some others so little known to us that
East the Kingdom of Abex and Zanguebar to the South Monoemugi and to the West the Kingdome of Congo and the Countrey of Negro's That vast Tract of Land which makes the Empire of the Abyssins is all in the Torrid Zone and reaches almost from the one Tropick to the other It s length from North to South is Six hundred Leagues The Nile crosses it and forms therein a Famous Island which the Ancients Named Meroe and the Moderns Gueguerre This great State is divided into a great many Kingdoms or Provinces which bear that Name The next to Egypt is the Kingdom of Cansila then streatching Southward these following are to be seen Barnagasso Tigremahon Bagamidri Amara Roxa Narea Zet and several others which I mention not as judging it useless to fill this Description with barbarous Names that are good for nothing The Towns here are mean and inconsiderable having neither beauty nor extent with pitiful Houses built of mud or clay and straw because there is but very little wood or lime in the Countrey Nor hath the King of Ethiopia fixed upon any Town for his usual Residence but goes from Province to Province having all his Court lodging in Tents of which he hath always Five or Six thousand carried about with him in his Retinue This is an odd way of living and yet he is one of the greatest Princes in the World he hath vast and large Dominions great Treasures rich Furniture and can send numerous and strong Armies into the Field He is abusively called Prester John his Subjects call him Adubvegue which signifies Emperour and some Moderns Negus as much as to say Monarch That Powerful Prince and all his Subjects profess Christianity but with some mixture of Jewish Ceremonies for they retain both Circumcision and Baptism Their Priests Marry but yet they have Monks They have a Patriarch who is the Head of their Church whom they call the Abuna and their Country is full of Monasteries CHAP. XVIII The Kingdoms of Monoemugi and Monomotapa THE Kingdom of Monoemugy hath to the North the Empire of the Abyssins to the East Zanguebar and Sofala to the South Monomotapa and to the West Congo Sofala whereof we have spoken depends on it and belongs to the same Prince His other Countreys are inconsiderable and the Towns that are more so are Beif Agag Camar To the Northward of this State rise above the Clouds the high Mountains of the Moon The Inhabitants are almost void of all Religion The Kingdom of Monomotapa hath the last Kingdom we spake of to the North and on all other sides the Countrey of the Caffres The chief City of it and Seat of the Prince is of the same Name it s other Towns are Mogar Mosata and Gale Under it are comprehended the Kingdoms of Toroa Inhambane and Inhamior Its Inhabitants are Idolaters whom the Jesuits labour to convert to Christianity This Rigion is watered with the Rivers of Cuama and Spiritu Sancto These are the more known Regions of Affrica which yet are so little so that what we can say of them deserves not the Name of a Description The chief Mountains are Atlas Sierra-Liona Mount Amara and the Mountains of the Moon The chief Capes thereof are Cape Verd the Cape of Good Hope and Guarda-fuy Its Rivers are the Nile that runs into the Meditarranean after it hath watered Ethiopia and Egypt The Niger that runs through the Countrey of Negres and falls into the Atlantick Ocean near the Cape Verd where it makes many Branches The Zambre that proceeds from a Lake of the same Name runs through the Lake of Zachaf and dividing it self into two Branches one whereof is called Cuama and the other de Spiritu Sancto both whereof are discharged into the Indian Sea and the River Zaire which falls with great Impetuosity into the Ethiopian Sea CAHP. XIX The Isles of AFRICA IN the Miditerranean are first the Isle of Malta the Melita of the Ancients Famous for the Shipwrack of the Apostle St. Paul and the Residence of the great Master of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem which bears its Name It is Seven Leagues Long and Four Broad Its Towns are the Valette the City the Bourg and St. Michael with the Castle St. Elme The Isles of Comin and Comminet Forfora Goze Lampadosa and Limosa belong likewise to the order of Malta The Isle of Pantalarea belongs to the Portuguese and that of Zerbi to the Turks In the Atlantick Ocean are the Canaries that belong to the Spaniards Porto Santo Madera and the Cape De Verd Islands which belong to the Crown of Portugal Porto Santo is near to Madera and in respect of it inconsiderable for Madera is large and fruitful producing good Wines and that Sugar which goes by its Name The chief City of it is Funchall and has a Bishop Suffragant to the Archbishop of Lisbonne The People are Civil and Roman Catholicks The Canaries which the Ancients called the Fortunate Islands because of the goodness of the Air and Soil are to the West of the Kingdom of Morocco they reckon Seven of them that are the chief to wit the Grand Canaries the Isle of Ferro the Isles of Taneriffe Lacerotte Palma Gomera and Fortventura The great Canary which hath given its Name to all the rest and got it from the abundance of Dogs that were found there hath a Town of the same Name which is a Bishoprick The Island of Ferro is considerable for that we have from thence taken our beginning of Longitude it being the most Westerly of these Islands There is here a Tree which so condenses the Air that it furnishes the Inhabitants with Water which is otherwise scarce enough with them Taneriffe is remarkable for a great Mountain which is thought to be the highest in the World called by the Spaniards Pico from thence we have the best Canary Wine The rest are but inconsiderable The Cape De Verd Islands so called because they are opposite to that Cape were known to the Ancients by the Name of Hesperides Gorgoniae and Gorgades The chief of them are Eight to wit St. Anthony St. Vincent St. Luce St. Nicholas St. Jago del Sal Mayo and Fuego That of St. Jago or St. James is the most considerable It hath a City of the the same Name the Bishop whereof is Suffragant to the Arch Bishop of Lisbon It s other Towns are Ribera a great place and much frequented St. Thomas St. Michael and La Praya which is its best Port. The Air of this Island is extreamly bad In the Ethiopick Ocean and near Sierra-Liona are the little Isles of Farellon and Massacoya Somewhat farther in the bottom of the Bay or Bight of Guinea is that of St. Thomas discovered on that Saints day whose Name it bears It is directly under the Equinoctial It s chief Town is Pavoasan Inhabited by the Portuguese The Princes Island is near to the former and was so called because the Revenue thereof was appointed
for the use of the Eldest Son of the King of Portugal The Isle of Farnandopo is to the North of that and near the Coast of Guinea and the Kingdom of Benin Beyond the Line we find the Isle of Annobon which last the Portuguese called so because they discovered it on New-years day The Isle of Ascension discovered on Ascension day and therefore so called is farther to the South in the Ethiopick Sea and is neither inhabited nor habitable for want of Water but it is abounding in Turtle or Sea Tortoise St. Helena for a like reason so named is of all the Islands in the World the most Remote from the Continent being about Four hundred Leagues distant from it It hath excellent Fresh Water and so Salubrious an Air that the Sick who land there recover their Health quickly It belongs to the English and all the Ships that come from the East-Indies and belong to England do commonly put in and take Fresh Water there In the same Ocean and towards the Cape of Good-Hope are the small Islands of Elizabeth Cornelia and Fera. Beyond that Famous Cape and to the East of Africa in the Indian Sea lies the Isle of Madagascar called also of St. Laurence or of Laurence Armeide who discovered it in the year One thousand five hundred and six on the day of St. Laurence It is one of the greatest Islands in the World containing about Six hundred Leagues in Circuit Two hundred and sixty in Length and in some places an Hundred in Breadth It s Length reaches from North to South from the Eleventh Degree of South Latitude to the Five and Twenteth so that it is almost altogether in the Torrid Zone the Southern end of it being onely without it over which the Tropick of Capricorn passes It is very probable that they who have taken this for the Cerne of Pliny and the Menuthias of Ptolomy are mistaken and that the Ancients never knew it It hath no Towns only Villages beset with Stakes the fairest of which is Fauzaire The Inhabitants have little or no Religion they have neither Temples nor Altars they Fear a God but Worship him not The French have made some Voyages thither and printed Relations of the same There are many little Isles about this of the chief whereof we shall only speak To the East of it are the Isles of St. Mary of Bourbon Maurice and Diego Roiz To the North Gade Agulha and Natal To the West Mohila Camora Mayota Johanna and St. Christophers Near the Coast of Zonguebar is an Island of the same Name having to the South the Isle of Monfia and to the North that of Pemba Near the Cape Guardafuy lies Zocotora with a Town of the same Name This is the Dioscorides of the Ancients it produces the best Aloes and Dragons Blood between this and the said Cape lies another Island called Abba del Curia It is to be observed that the greatest part of Africa is in the Torrid Zone and that the Line cuts it so exactly in the middle that it reaches as far to the South as it does to the North of it that is to the Five and thirtieth Degree of South and North Latitude however the much greater part is to the Northwards The End of the Second Book A NEW GEOGRAPHY The THIRD BOOK AMERICA CHAP. I. AMERICA WE are now come to the New World for so Men hath been pleased to call this Continent which is divided from Europe Asia and Africa because it hath not been knowen to us much above an Hundred and four score years It is held that Christopher Columbus a Native of Genoua first discovered it in the year One thousand four hundred ninety two yet it carries not his Name but that of Americus Vespucius a Florentine who five years after Columbus in the year One thousand four hundred ninety seven discovered Brasile which was the cause that all that part of the World is called America It is likewise called the West-Indies in distinction from the East-Indies in Asia It hath to the East the Sea called the North Sea Mar del Nort to the West the South or Pacifick Sea to the South the Streights of Magellan but its bounds to the North are unknowen to us and we cannot tell whether there be Seas or Lands By the Isthmus of Panama which makes it two Peninsules it is divided into the North and South America In North America and on the North Sea are Estotiland Greenland Terra de Laborador Canada or new France New England Maryland Virginia Carolina Florida New Spain Jucatan Honduras Nicaragua Costarica and Veragua And on the Vermilian Sea Anien Quivira and New Mexico In South America are Golden Castille Guiana Brasile Plata and Terra Magellanica all upon the North Sea and on the South or Pacifick Sea Chili and Peru and Tucuman in the middle CHAP. II. North AMERICA ESTOTILAND Greenland and Terra de Labrador or Laborador have no Inhabitants but Savages who live amongst Ice and Snow with which these Countreys are covered The Reader must not expect Towns here for there are none at all We are only to observe that Greenland is a Countrey lately discovered and that there was another of the same Name which cannot now be found though the Kings of Denmark to whom it belonged have in vain sent Ships in search of it It had Towns with Churches and Monasteries but no body can tell what is become of it whether the passage to it be blockt up by the Ice or that it hath been swallowed up in the Ocean Canada is called New France because the French discovered and planted a Colony in it the chief places thereof are Quebec and Tadoussac upon the great River of St. Laurence New England is a Rich and Flourishing Countrey with many Towns the chief thereof is Boston Inhabited by the English Maryland is Peopled by the King of Great Brittain's Subjects and belongs to the Lord Baltimore who holds it of that Crown Virginia was so called by the English because they discovered it in the time of Queen Elizabeth who was never Married In it is James Town and some others the principal product of this Countrey is Tobacco which from hence is carried into most parts of Europe Carolina is a late Plantation of the English not fully settled as yet New ENGLAND VIRGINIA NEW SPAIN GUIANA New Spain is one of the loveliest Provinces in this New World There stands the City of Mexico which gave the Name to a great Empire whereof Montezuma was the last King Fernando Cortez Invaded it in the year One thousand five hundred and nineteen took that Prince and Conquered his Countrey There are many other Towns in that Countrey the chief whereof are Mechoacan Los Angelos Vera Crux Valladolid and Guatamala Mexico the Capital stands upon a Lake it is large and well peopled being the Residence of a Vice-Roy and Seat of an Archbishop Jucatan is a Peninsule on the Bay of Mexico the chief Town whereof is Merida