Selected quad for the lemma: kingdom_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
kingdom_n	king_n	part_n	province_n	1,867	5	7.6482	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A62332	The history of Lapland wherein are shewed the original, manners, habits, marriages, conjurations, &c. of that people / written by John Scheffer ...; Lapponia. English	Scheffer, Johannes, 1621-1679.	1674 (1674)	Wing S851; ESTC R8773	138,000	147

advancement of Christianity in Lapland but as all things in their beginnings find some opposition so did the preaching of the word of God here first of all it was a matter of great difficulty to maintain a School without the confines of Lapland to which the Youth of that Nation should resort therefore in the second place it was advised by that famous man Joannes Skytte free Baron of Duderhoff and Senator of the Kingdom who to his immortal praise obtained that a School might be erected by the King in Lapland it self in the Province of Vma near the Church Lyksala from whence the School took its name This was the second School the Laplanders had and by Gustavus Adolphus then engaged in a tedious war in Germany the charge of it was committed to the aforesaid Joannes Skytte by a Roial Charter and setled upon his Family for ever allowing the School-master the whole Tithe after the ordinary charges deducted but still retaining to the Crown the superintendency of the benefaction The form thereof is as follows WE GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS by the Grace of God King of the Goths and Vandals c. declare that altho our dear Father Charles of blessed memory as likewise we our selves after we were by the Divine Providence placed in the Throne of this Kingdom have earnestly endevor'd that our Northern Subjects called Laplanders should be instructed in Arts and Letters and be informed in the grounds of Christian Religion yet the distraction of the present time hath hitherto hindred our religious purpose but least our attemt should be utterly frustrated we ordain and appoint our faithfull Senator Chief Governor of Livonia Ingria and Carelia the illustrious Lord John Skytt L. B. in Dunderhoff Governor and Visitor of a School to be erected in Umalappmark he having undertaken that Charge We farther ordain that the Government of the said School shall from time to time continue and belong to the Successors in his family and that the Master and Scholars in the school aforesaid may have a constant maintenance we grant unto them the Tithes which the inhabitants of that division do yearly bring into the Store-house of Uma after the ordinary paiments are deducted These Tithes with other gifts and benefactions which the aforesaid Lord John Skitt shall by his diligence acquire for the said charitable use shall be disposed by him for the benefit of the said School reserving to our selves and successors the supreme regulation of the same In witness whereof we have set our hand and Seal Given in old Stetin in Pomerland June 20. Ann. 1631. This School had some peculiar advantages over others because its setlement was firmly established having for its Visitor not the Minister of the Parish but a Senator of the Kingdom Besides here was not only a salary allowed to the Master and Scholars but also an order to receive it out of the Tithes of Vma whereas the other had indeed a set stipend but because it was not certainly decreed where they should receive it it was not duely paid as the time and their necessities required which was no small disadvantage and impediment to their design But all inconveniences were here remedied and the salary most firmly setled and not only so but also full autority granted unto the Illustrious Lord John Skytte to find out and confirm any other means which might conduce more to the good of that foundation Neither was that eminent man wanting out of his singular piety to God and love of learning to make this his whole business till at last he gathered a sum of five thousand Dollars partly thro his own and partly thro his friends liberality which he delivered to the Queen Christina for the use of a Copper Mine that in lieu thereof the School of Vma might yearly receive the whole revenue of the Crown due from certain Towns in that Province This request of his the Queen easily granted and two years after issu'd out her Letters patents and a new Charter by the Protectors of the Kingdom whose worthy Commemoration is not to be omitted The words of the Charter are as follow WE CHRISTINA by the Grace of God Queen elect and hereditary Princess of the Swedes Goths and Vandals Queen of Finland Esthonia Carelia and Ingria do declare that whereas our dearly beloved Father somtimes King of Swedland did out of his singular zeal and religious affection for the promoting of the Church of God especially in the Northern parts of his Dominions institute a Laplandish School in the Province of Uma and did constitute our trusty and well beloved Senator the illustrious Lord John Skytte Senator of the Kingdom of Sweden President of our Roial Council in Gothland Chancellor of our Vniversity of Upsal High Commissioner of South-Finland free Baron of Duderhoff Lord of Graensia Straemfrum and Skytteholm Knight to be superviser of this work setling the same power upon his Posterity after his decease and bountifully allowing to this design out of the stores of Uma the yearly Tithes due to the Crown We therefore by vertue of these Letters patents to not only confirm that wholsom Constitution of our pious Father deceased but do also certify that the illustrius Lord John Skytte hath brought in the sum of 5000 Dollars of silver given by himself and his pious friends for the use of the Laplandish School which entire sum he hath paid to the Copper-Company humbly intreating that the said sum may remain in that Company to Vs and our Crown and that We for the yearly interest of the said money allowing 8 per Cent would give to the Laplandish School the use of certain Villages in Norlands that the inhabitants thereof may pay their taxes to the aforesaid School which We graciously approving do give as a security the benefit and profit of these following Villages belonging to Vs and our Crown in the Provinces of Uma and West Bothnia Roebeck 12 Farms ⅝ Staeksive 2. 3 16. Clabbiler 3. 9 16. Baggaboelet 2. 27 32. Kuddis 2. 5 16. Braeneland 2. 11 16. These Farms shall yearly pay to the Laplandish School all their ordinary and extraordinary taxes which are hitherto imposed which their inhabitants are hereby commanded to do without intermission during the time that we retain the aforesaid sum of 5000 Dollars paid to the Copper-Company until We shall have restored the sum entire to the Laplandish School Wherefore We command our Officers and all whom it may concern that they substract not from the said School the aforesaid sum given in security before such time as the money may be restored and that they do not offer nor suffer to be offered any injury or prejudice to the aforesaid School contrary to this our Edict in confirmation whereof Ours and the Kingdoms Protectors and Administrators have hereto set their hands and sealed it with the Roial Seal Dated at Stockholm Novemb. 5. 1634. The Persons that subscribed were Gabriel Oxenstern Gustavi F. R. Drotsetus Jacobus de la Gardie High

this complaint was made to Gustavus who thereupon committed Henricus Laurentii to prison and confiscated most of his estate taking then the tribute from the Laplanders into his hands and granted to all People free trading with them This Henricus Laurentii was without doubt in that time the head of the Birkarli and I believe the brother of David Laurentii who together with Jonas Nicolas concluded the Treaty with Gustavus in the name of the Birkarli in the year 1528 for setling the tribute and other affairs From hence we may collect they lost their priviledges not long after this Contract now it was not only just to deprive them of those priviledges which they abused in oppressing others but prudent as well from the jealousy of too great a power granted to private persons over so large and populous a part of the Kingdome as out of consideration of its wealth which was more necessary to the Kings for driving out the common enemy ane establishing the Kingdomes liberty then to maintain the pride of the Birkarli who besides their injustice were inconsiderable both in number and strength Gustavus the first having thus deposed the Birkarli sent Deputies to gather the tribute and manage all things in the Kings name the Deputies are called by the Swedes Lappfougder by the Laplanders Konunga Olmai that is the Kings men of these there is mention made in the patent granted by Gustavus the first to Mr Michael the first Priest in Lapland in 1559 the words are to this purpose We command all the Inhabitants of Lapland as well Deputies as others c. These had at first the charge of all public affairs as will appear in the following Chapter as for collecting taxes as executing justice among them But afterwards when Charles the ninth divided the Countrey into several parts and formed it into better order more were added to the former for examining causes convicting of criminals and other such like things till at last the state of Government was little different from what it is now Next under the King they have a Provincial Judge called by the Swedes Lagman under him one of the Senators Vnderlagman next an Interpreter of the Laws Laglaesaren and divers others which enquire into causes and do justice then they have a Governour of the Province Landzhoefdingh a head over the Laplanders Lappafougten their Officers who perform all other duties In this manner the Laplanders are now governed by the Swedes CHAP. XIII Of the Judicatures and Tributes of the Laplanders AFTER the manner of their Government and the discipline they live under we descend to those affairs that are managed by it which belong either to the Courts of Judicature or to the Tribute I can scarce find any mention of the former Their own Kings when they were a free Nation exercised this autority and kept the jurisdiction in their own hands but when the Birkarli ruled them it depended altogether on their plesure Zeigler makes no mention of any Judges among them but saies that if any dispute happened that was dubious it was referred to the Courts in Swedland I suppose he means the more weighty controversies which the Birkarli could not or did not dare to decide But these were very rare with them for great crimes as theft rapine murder adultery or such like are seldom committed and scarce known by the Laplanders They neither borrow nor lend mony being content with what they possess of their own which are commonly the occasions of quarrels in other Nations and maintain so many Lawyers The chief sin they are guilty of is their magical superstition which since their embracing Christianity is forbidden by the Laws and is not so frequent as formerly After that Gustavus the first had deposed the Birkarli and given them governors of their own they lived under better discipline and greater diligence was used in seeing Justice done but Charles the ninth was the first that took care to have them instructed in the Swedish Laws and that they should regulate themselves accordingly This charge was given by the same King in his instructions to Laurentius Laurentii Governor of Lapland dated from Stockholm on the 10th of Oct. 1610 wherein he commanded him to govern those of Vma Pitha and Luhla according to the Swedish Laws and to protect them from all injuries There are at present in Lapland three Governors and as many Courts of Judicature the first is called Anundsioeense or Angermansian the other Vhmensian Pithensian and Luhlensian the other is the Tornensian and Kiemensian Over these are particular Governors who in the Kings name pass Sentence but in the presence of a Judge and a Priest where it is observable that they added Priests to the Governors to restrain them from doing injustice by the autority of their presence Now as to the time when these Courts were called it is a doubt but I believe it was at the Fair times when they met about all public business this was commonly twice in a year viz. in Winter and Summer according to an order of Charles the ninth's It is now in January and February They were held in the same places where they kept their Markets and Fairs which were determined in each particular County as will appear by and by Now we come to the Tribute they paid which at first was only skins of beasts paid not by the Laplanders but the Birkarli yet only as an acknowledgement of their subjection to the Crown of Sweden Buraeus calls it naogra timber graoskin graoskin signifies gray Squirrils skins of which color the Squirrils were constantly in the Winter timber denotes the number of the skins which were fourty tied together in a bundle It is uncertain how many of these bundles the Birkarli gave but in the Contract with Gustavus the first those of Luhla and Pitha were engaged to pay 8 which makes in all 360 skins besides two Martins skins Those also of Torne were taxed with the same number and shortly after this number was doubled by an agreement made in 1528. But after the Birkarli had lost their priviledges for the forementioned reasons and the King received the tax by Commissioners for himself it is very probable some more alteration were made In the year 1602 they paid instead of skins every tenth Rain-deer and one tenth of all their dried fish which is clear from the commands given by Charles tc-his Deputies Olaus Burman and Henry Benegtson at Stockholm on the 22d of July in the same year to require the tribute in this manner that so the Laplanders might know what and how much they were to pay for it seems that from Gustavus the first 's time till then the Governors used no constant method in raising it but sometimes demanded skins at other times other sorts of goods that seemed most necessary for present use so that by this uncertainty the tribute grew very heavy upon the Inhabitants and their Governors took occasion from it to exact what they pleased