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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A75723	Fides Apostolica or a discourse asserting the received authors and authority of the Apostles Creed. Together with the grounds and ends of the composing thereof by the Apostles, the sufficiency thereof for the rule of faith, the reasons of the name symbolon in the originall Greeke, and the division or parts of it. Hereunto is added a double appendix, the first touching the Athanasian, the second touching the Nicene Creed. By Geo. Ashwell B.D.	Ashwell, George, 1612-1695.	1653 (1653)	Wing A3997; Thomason E1433_2; ESTC R208502	178,413	343

Substance with the Father by admitting of the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Constantinopolitan Fathers were 150 in number who all assented to this Creed And Damasus Bishop of Rome confirmed it for the westrne Church with the suffrages of his fellow Bishops although not present at Canstantinople either in his Person or by Proctor The Nicene Councell was called against Arius who denyed the Sonne to be Coessentiall and Coeternall with the Father Those Fathers therefore enlarged the second Article of the Creed touching the eternall Divinity of the Sonne of God The Councell of Constantinople was called against Macedonius who denyed the Divinity of the holy Ghost whence those Fathers enlarged the eight Article of the Creed which concernes the Third Person of the Trinity As for the Forme of words or Frame of this Creed it had in the first Place Hosius Bishop of Corduba for the Composer who sate in the Councell of Nice as President or Moderator by the appointment of the Emperour Constantine the Great and therefore subscribed in the first Place before Vitus and Vincentius who were the Bishop of Romes Legats as we may see in Binius Conc. Tom. 1. The Composing of this Creed by Hosius we have witnessed by Baronius A. 325 who took it out of the Epist of Athan. ad Solitarios who was present at the Councell the words of Baron are these Consentientibus Catholicis Episc Arianis pariter assentientibus concepta est Catholicae Fidei formula quâ omnia Arianae haeresis capita truncarentur fuit autem ejus formandae Osius imprimis Architectus sapientissimus de quo haec S. Athanasius cum scribit in Arianos ex verbis eorum in eundem Osium apud Constantium conclamantium Hic princeps est Synodorum siquid scribit ubique auditur hic formulam Fidei in Nicenâ Synodo concepit Arianos ubique pro haereticis traduxit that is By the joynt consent of the Catholick Bishops the Arians also agreeing to it there was Composed a Forme of Catholick Beliefe He that Composed it was Osius that most wise Master-builder concerning whom S. Athanasius in his workes against the Arians thus writeth rehearsing their very wordes wherein they cryed out upon him before the Emperour Constantius This is the chiefe President of Synods who if he write ought is hearkned to every where he composed the Forme of Beliefe in the Nicene Synod and hath traduced the Arians every where for Hereticks But the Additionall Particles or supplement of this Creed was made by Gregory Nyssen an eminent Father in the first Constantinopolitan Councell who perfected and compleated the Forme as we now have it So Nicephorus informes us Eccles Hist lib. 12. cap. 13. From that time forward it was held for one entire Creed and promiscuously called by succeeding Ages sometimes the Nicene sometimes the Constantinopolitan Creed It was caled lthe Nicene for the honour of that Councell which was the first Oecumenicall and the Foundation of all the Rest that followed as also because it was conteined virtually and implicitly in the shorter Creed of that Councell So Marcus Bishop of Ephesus in the Synod of Ferrara Sess 5. Conc. Tom. 4. And it was called the Constantinopolitan Creed because finished in that Councell and brought to that perfection wherein we now see it This Creed according as it was framed in the Nicene Synod far shorter than now we have it we may see in these following Authors viz. Athan. Epist ad Iovianum Conc. Tom. 1. pag. 399. Cod. Can. Eccl. Afric p. 19. Ruff. Eccl. Hist lib. 1. cap. 6. Theod. lib. 1. Hist cap. 12. Socr. lib. 1. c. 5. Cass trip hist lib. 1. cap. 17 Niceph. lib. 1. cap. 12. We have already Englished it in the Twelfth Chapter of the precedent Discourse on the Apostles Creed Now I shall set downe the Originall Greeke which runns thus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 After this the Fathers of the Constantinopolitan Councell enlarged this Forme partly by adding some explicatory particles and partly by resuming out of the Apostles Creed those Articles wherein it was defective The Explicatory particles were chiefly touching the Holy Ghost The Articles taken out of the Apostles Creed were those which follow the Article of the Holy Ghost Notwithstanding they omitted three passages thereof which were virtually inclosed in the rest that preceded or followed viz. 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 God of God because it followes very God of very God 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 both which are in Heaven and which are in earth because there went before by whom all things were made 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That is Of the substance of the Father because they thought it sufficiently comprehended in the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies more than 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Epiphanius tells us in his Anchoratus viz. A person of one and the same individuall substance with the Father whence the Orthodoxe Christians were differenced from the Arians by the Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 vel 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That is of Homoousians or of those who worshipt the Sonne of God under this Title by professing him of the same substance with the Father So then the entire forme thereof as the Westerne Churches now read it by resuming that passage God of God out of the first Nicene forme and adding the word Filioque that is and from the Sonne in the Procession of the Holy Ghost runnes thus the additionall particles being distinguished from the rest by this marke which encloseth them I Believe in one God the Father Almighty maker of Heaven and Earth and of all things visible and invisible and in one Lord Jesus Christ the only-begotten Sonne of God begotten of his Father before all Worlds God of God light of light very God of very God begotten not made being of one substance with the Father by whom all Things were made who for us men and for our Salvation came downe from Heaven and was incarnate by the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary and was made man and was crucified also for us under Pontius Pilate he suffered and was buried and the third day he rose againe according to the Scriptures and ascended into Heaven and sitteth on the right hand of the Father and he shall come againe with Glory to judge both the quick and the dead whose Kingdome shall have none end And I believe in the Holy Ghost the Lord and Giver of life who proceedeth from the Father and the Sonne who together with the Father and the Sonne is worshipped and glorified who spake by the Prophets And I believe one Catholick and Apostolick Church I acknowledge one Baptisme for the remission of sinnes and I look for the Resurrection of the Dead and the life of the World to come That Gregory Nyssen by order of the Second generall Councell held at Constantinople added the particles here inserted is witnessed as I said by Nicephorus Callistus in hist Eccles lib. 12. cap.

being indeed the Articles of the Creed viz That there is but one God who made all things of nothing That this God sent his Sonne our Lord Jesus Christ begotten of the Father before every Creature by whom all Creatures were made He was incarnate and made man assuming a Body like in all things to us but that it was borne of the Virgin being conceived by the Holy Ghost He truly Dyed not in apearance the comon death of all men for he truly rose againe Having converst with his Disciples after his Resurrection he was taken up into Heaven That the Holy Ghost is associate with the Father and Sonne in the same Honor and Dignity there shall be a time for the Resurrection of the Dead when this body which is sowne in corruption shall rise in incorruption and that which is sowne in dishonor shall rise in glory This world was made and had a certaine time of begining and by reason of ' its corruptability shall be at length dissolved That there are certain Angels of God and good spirits which minister unto him in procuring the salvation of man kind He adds at last an other Traditionall Foundation viz. That the Scriptures were written by the Holy Ghost After all he concluds oportet igitur velut elementis ac fundamentis hujusmodi uti That we ought to make use of these as the first Elemens and Grounds of Christian Religion which he accordingly explaines at large in those foure bookes of his entituled therefore 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the Principles of Christianity a worke fit for his office of Catachist which he bore for many years in the Church of Alexandria 4. Marcellus Bishope of Ancyra in Gallatia fellowsuferer with the great Athanasius being accused by the Arians of Sabellianisme as Athanasius also was and by their means expeld his Bishoprick flies unto Iulius Bishope of Rome for succour and having long there in vaine expected his adversaries comming by confronting of whom he desired to have accquitted himselfe at length weary of longer stay he takes his leave of Iulius and leaves behind him an Epistle wherein he makes this Profession of Faith exceeding conformable to that of the Apostles as we read it at this Day 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That is I Believe in God Almighty and in Jesus Christ his only-begotten Sonne our Lord conceived by the Holy Ghost and borne of the Virgin Mary crucifyed under Pontius Pilate and buried the third Day he rose againe from the Dead he ascended into the Heavens and sitteth at the right hand of the Father whence he shall come to judge the quick and the dead And I believe in the Holy Ghost the Holy Church the forgivenesse of sinnes the resurrection of the Body the Life Everlasting But this is not all to shew that this Creed was not of his own framing a little after he subjoynes these words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is Having received this Faith from the holy Scriptures and being taught it of my spirituall Progenitors or Divine Ancestors I both Preach it in the Church of God and have now wrote it unto thee O Iulius This Epistle with the foresaid Creed inclosed we find recorded by Epiphanius in his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Haeres 72. Now whom doth Marcellus meane by his Progenitors or Ancestors 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 according to or in God Sure he understands either his Godfathers at the Font or the Bishops of the Church by whom he was instructed in the Ancient Faith Or lastly which seemes to me most probable the Apostles themselves who were the true and proper Fathers or Founders of the Christian Church whence that of S. Paul 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is Though you have ten thousand Instructers or Pedagogues in Christ yet have ye not many Fathers It followes there 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For in Iesus Christ I have begotten you through the Gospell 1 Cor. 4. 15. 5. S. Basil the Great in his Tract 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 concerning the Creed or Christian Faith sets downe this Symbole or Confession thereof 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is We Believe and professe one only true and good God the Father Almighty of whom are all Things the God and Father of our Lord and God Jesus Christ and one only begotten Sonne of his our Lord and God Jesus Christ the only True one by whom all things were made both visible and invisible and by whom all things consist who was in the Begining with God and was God and afterward according to the Scripture he appeared upon Earth and conversed with men being in the forme of God he thought it not robbery to be equall with God yet he made himselfe of no reputation and taking upon him the forme of a Servant by being borne of a Virgin and being found in fashion as a man he fulfilled all things which concerned him and were written of him according to the commandment of his Father he became obedient to the Death even the Death of the Crosse and the third Day arising from the Dead according to the Scriptures he appeared to his holy Disciples and to the Rest according as it is written he ascended into the Heavens and sitteth on the right hand of the Father from whence he shall come at the end of this world to raise up all and to render to every one according to his workes when the righteous shall be taken into Life Eternall and the Kingdome of Heaven and the sinners shall be condemned to everlasting punishment where their worme dieth not and the fire is not quenched And in one only Holy Ghost the Comforter by whom we are sealed to the day of Redemption the Spirit of Truth Here we have all the Articles of the Creed but two viz. The Beleefe of the Holy Catholick Church and the forgivenes of sinnes which he sets downe in the ensuing words wherein he largely descants on the gifts of the Holy Ghost towards the Church 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. By which Spirit we are sealed unto the day of Redemption the Spirit of Truth the Spirit of Adoption by whom we cry Abba Father which distributeth and effecteth in every one the Graces of God unto edification according to his pleasure the good Spirit which leadeth into all Truth and establisheth all that believe in the true and exact knowledge in the Godly and Spirituall service and worship and true confession of God the Father and his only-begotten Sonne c. Concluding thus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 thus we think and thus we baptize 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 into a coessentiall Trinity according to the command of our Lord Jesus Christ who said goe and teach all nations baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Sone and of the Holy Ghost A little after he intimates from whom he received the foresaid confession of faith namely from Christ and his Apostles 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. I beseech you saith

and Dignity of each Person so named so that they are Three in the manner of Subsistence but one in the Consent Socr. Hist lib. 2. cap. 7. The Fourth was Framed on this occasion Certaine Bishops being sent by Constantius to his Brother Emperour of the West for to give an account of the Casting out of Paulus Athanasius concealed the precedent Formula of Beliefe made at Antioch and exhibited this other of their owne composure viz. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. We believe in one God the Father Almighty Creator and maker of all Things of whom the whole Family in Heaven and Earth is named and in his only-begotten Sonne our Lord Jesus Christ begotten of the Father before all Worldes God of God Light of Light by whom all things were made both in the Heavens in the Earth whether Visible or Invisible who is the Word and the Wisdome and the Power and the Life and the true Light who in these last Dayes was for our sakes made Man and Borne of the holy Virgin was Crucified Dead and Buried and rose againe the third Day from the Dead he ascended into the Heavens sitteth on the right hand of the Father and shall come at the end of the World to Judge the Quicke and the Dead to render unto every one according to his workes Whose Kingdome never ceasing endureth unto all eternity for he sitteth at the right Hand of God not only in this world but also in that which is to come We believe also in the holy Ghost that is in the Comforter whom according to his Promise he sent to his Apostles after his ascent into Heaven to teach them bring all things to their remembrance by whom also the Soules of those who syncerely believe in him are Sanctifyed But those who say the Sonne was made of nothing or of any other Substance and was not of God and that there was a Time when he was not the Catholick Church doth not acknowledge them for her owne Socr. hist lib. 2. cap. 14. The Fift Creed is that which was rehearsed by Vrsacius and Valens two Arian Bishops in the Synod of Ariminum had bin not long before Composed by the Bishops of that Faction in the Synod of Sirmium The Forme is this which followes We believe in one only and true God the Father Almighty Creator Framer of all things in one only-begotten Sonne of God begottten before all Worlds before all Begining before all imaginable Time which we can possibly conceive or comprehend begotten of God without sense or passion by whom the Worlds or Ages were set in order and all things were made the only Son of his Father God of God like unto the Father who begat him according to the Scriptures whose Generation no one knoweth but the Father who begat him This only-begotten Sonne of his we know came from Heaven for the puttting away of sinne by the will of his Father was borne of the Virgin Mary conversed with his Disciples fulfilled every Part of his office according to the will and Councell of his Father was crucifyed suffered and Dyed descended into the lower Partes of the Earth and ordered all things there the Porters of Hell Trembling at his sight he rose againe the Third Day Conversed with his Disciples and after forty Dayes was taken up into Heaven and sitteth at the right hand of the Father and shall come at the last Day in the Glory of his Father to render unto every one according to his workes And in the holy Ghost whom the same only-begotten Sonne of God Jesus Christ promised to send unto mankind the Comforter according as it is writtē I depart unto my Father I will beseech the Father and he shall send you another Comforter the Spirit of truth he shall receive of mine and shall teach you and bring all things to your remembrance As for the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 essence because it being set downe by the Fathers without explication and not understood by the People gives cause of offence and because the Scriptures have no such word we have thought good to take it away and to make no mention at all hereafter of it when we speake of God because the holy Scriptures mention not at all the essence of the holy Ghost or the Sonne but we say that the Sonne is like unto the Father in all Things as the holy Scriptures say and Teach Soc. lib. 2. cap. 29. The sixt Confession of Faith is that new Formula which Acacius Bishop of Caesarea in Palestine one of the Arian Party proposed in the Synod of Seleucia by Leo a great officer in the Emperours Court The Forme was this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. We professe and believe in one God the Father Almighty maker of Heaven and Earth of things Visible and Invisible we believe also in our Lord Jesus Christ his Sonne begotten of him without Sense or Passion before all worlds God the Word the only-begotten of God the light the life the Truth the Wisdome by whom all Things were made both which are in Heaven and which are on Earth whether visible or invisible we believe that in the latter Age of the World he tooke flesh of the holy Virgin Mary for the putting away of sinne was made man suffered for our sinnes rose againe was taken up into Heaven sitteh at the right hand of the Father and shall come againe in Glory to judge the Quicke and the Dead we believe also in the holy Ghost whom our Lord and Saviour called the Comforter when he promised to send him to his Disciples after his departure and accordingly sent him by whom also he sanctifyeth those in the Church who believe and are Baptized in the name of the Father and of the Sonne and of the holy Ghost Those who Preach any other Faith than this wee Judge them aliens from the Catholick Church See for this Socr. Hist lib. 2. cap. 32. The Seventh Confession of Faith is that of the Macedonians exhibited by them to Liberius Bishop of Rome when they fled to him and the Emperour Valentinian for succour from the Persecution of his Brother Valens and the Arian Bishop Eudoxius The Forme was this We believe in one God the Father Almighty maker of all things visible and invisible and in one only-begotten God the Lord Jesus Christ the Sonne of God begotten of the Father that is of the Substance of the Father God of God light of light very God of very God begotten not made consubstantiall to the Father by whom all Things were made both which are in Heaven and which are on Earth who for us men and for our Salvation came downe was incarnate and made man suffered and rose againe the third Day he ascended into the Heavens and shall come to Judge the Quick and the Dead And in the holy Ghost But those who say of the Sonne of God that there was a Time when he was not a Time

interdicted the worship thereof and commanded them to be broken Both of them for this Cause being very hatefull to the Church of Rome 6. A sixt cause was the Pride Pompe and Covetous Exactions of the Popes Legates who were yearly sent from Rome to carry the Chrisme unto Constantinople 7. The seventh and last cause was the Division of East and West Empire caused by Leo 3. Bishop of Rome who seeing Italy and more especially his owne Church and City dayly vexed and in danger of imminent Ruine by the incursions of the Saracen● on the East the oppression of the Lombardes from the West and seeing that the Greeke Emperour at his earnest solicitation either would not or could not protect him In fine he perswaded the Senate and people of Rome to elect Charlemaigne Emperour of the West which they did he accordingly crowned him at Rome in St Peters Church uppon Christmas Day Aº Dni 800. Thus this great Breach had its originall both from Prince and Prelate The Emperours became odions to the Popes for the businesse of Images and the Popes to the Greeke Emperours for the Division of the Empire Then for the Clergy The contention about the Primacy made way for the Schisme The Pride Pompe and Avarice of the Romane Legats fomented it Then the Doctrine of the Procession accōpained with the Deposition of Photius and the adding of the particle Filioque to the Nicene Creed on the one side with the retortion of Heresy wherewith Photius charged the Latine Church on the other brought it to the Height And when the Differences were thus high then every petty diversity in matter of Ceremony or opinion was a sufficient occasion of Cavill and served to make the Breach wider For to insist a little upon this last The Greeks celebrate the Eucharist in both kindes and give it to Infants presently upon their Baptisme but the Romanists doe neither They give it also in leavened bread and condemne the contrary use whereas the Church of Rome usually delivers it in light Wafer-cakes They admit of Preists marriages that is the use of those wives whom they married before ordination which the Romanists do not They prohibite the fourth mariage in any Christian as a thing intollerable They solemnize Saturday festivally in memory of the Creation and eat flesh therein forbidding as unlawful to fast any Saturday in the yeare except Easter Eve in memory of our Saviours then lying in the Grave They Eate no bloud nor any thing strangled in observation of that Decree of the Apostles Act. 15 28 29. They observe foure Lents in the yeare They reject the religious use of massy Images or statues in their Churches though they admit of Pictures or plaine Images They disallow private Masses and the sale of Indulgences and Pardons with the Adoration of the elevated Host lastly they have their service in a knowne Tongue In these and some other small particulars they differ in practise from the Romane Church And as in matter of practise so in opinion too as about Transubstantiation Purgatory the State of Soules departed c. But too much of the causes and the sad effects that followed The great head of his Church unite all his members to himselfe and each other in Verity and Unity in the same Faith and the same Love He who is the Wisdome of his Father supply his Church with that VVisdome from above which is first pure then peaceable that so it may seeke and seeking obtaine those two inestimable Blessings Truth and Peace The Great Physitian of Soules in his due time apply an effectual Salve to heale up these Wounds of his torne mangled Spouse The Great Shepheard of his Church who came to binde up that which was broken to seeke that which was lost to recollect the dispersed ones and who once brake downe the partition-wall between Iew and Gentile bring his Scatterd Sheep into one Fold heere and hereafter set them at his right Hand in his Heavenly Kingdome FINIS ERRATA PAge 3. lin 24. for sunt read sicut p. 9. l. 24. r. 2 Cor. 1. 24. p. 17. l. 21. r. Marcellus Ancyranus p. 88. l. 16. r. Contextio p. 102. l. 32. r. Heb. 6. 1. p. 105. l. 20 21. r. this testimony p. 117. l. 19. r. his comments p. 118. l. 14. r. where p. 122. l. 12. r. this p. 116. l. 25. r. discessuri p. 128. l. 19. r. confinem p. 141. l. 17. r. Melania p. 145. l. 31. r. God p. 157. l. 6. r. forme p. 159. l. 23. r. out of p. 161. l. 31. r. Test p. 173. l. 29. r. this p. 174. l. 27. r. Moscovitish p. 175. l 34. r. Act. 8. 37. p. 179. l 21. r is p. 181. l. 12. r. spake p. 183. l. 22. r. generality p. 189. l. 16. r. or p. 193. l. 15. r. words l. 25. thus p. 196. l. 20. r. ita p. 204. l. 12. r. commonly p. 205. l. 12. f. in the. r. to be p. 207. l. 34. r. unjust p. 209. l. 11. r. Areop p. 210. l 9. r. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 p. 214. l. 31. r or p. 223. l 18. Creed made by p. 245. l 34. r. Lauraeus p. 252. l 9. r Haymo