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A34849 A discourse of the covenants that God made with men before the law wherein the covenant of circumcision is more largely handled, and the invalidity of the plea for pædobaptism taken from thence discovered / by Nehemiah Coxe. Coxe, Nehemiah. 1681 (1681) Wing C6717; ESTC R7196 96,812 205

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of the Promise enquired into I will be their God i. e. a God to them They shall have Interest in all the Perfections of my Nature For Either God is obliged by this Promise to communicate himself in the highest Degree possible to all those to whom it is made and to do the utmost for them that may be done without implying a Contradiction to his Being and the infinite Perfections thereof and so to bring them absolutely to the utmost Degree of Happiness that omnipotent Goodness can raise them to or else the Good promised must fall under some particular Limitation If it fall under any Limitation as certainly it doth Those Bounds must be set either by the Import of the Terms in which the Promise is made as considered absolutely and by themselves or some other way The first cannot be affirmed for the Terms are general and indeterminate Therefore it is some other way to be limited and that must be by the particular Promises and Conditions of that Covenant unto which this general Promise doth belong And if so then there is not nor can be any greater Good promised thereby then what the Nature of that Covenant admits of and its particular Promises give a Right in to them that are Parties concerned And these things being so None can from hence prove a Grant of spiritual Blessings to nor yet a Right in Gospel Ordinances for the carnal Seed of Abraham or of any Believer as such unless he could produce a particular Promise which did contain such a Grant or give such a Right unto them § 6. So then That which is principally intended and fully express'd in this Ingagement is no more than the necessary Result of any Covenant-Transaction of God with Men For where his Truth is once ingaged in a Promise there all the Properties of his Nature are ingaged respectively for the making good of that Promise And therefore Such a Promise as in its own Nature contains no more than a general Assurance of any Covenant that God makes with Men cannot by it self be the distinguishing Character of any one Covenant in Opposition to or Contradistinction from another neither doth it determine of what kind the promised Blessings are or the way wherein they shall be injoyed And hence it is that you find this Promise equally and indifferently annexed both to the Old Covenant and the New the Covenant of Works and that of Grace The Truth of this will be manifest by a diligent Conference of Heb. 8. with Jer. 31. and this with Gen. 17. and Exod. 6. 7. and Deut. 26. 17 18. There is no Reason therefore to conclude Because we find this Promise in the Covenant of Grace every Covenant in which it is found must be of the same Nature for the Covenant is not measured by this Promise but è contra its special Import is limited by the Covenant to which it belongs § 7. Thus far I have indeavoured to set before you the Genuine Sence and true Interpretation of this great Promise in the Covenant of Circumcision and to give you the Reasons by which it is confirmed And it may add some farther Light to what hath been said briefly to represent the History of its Accomplishment from the holy Scriptures which take as followeth The Lord did abundantly bless Abraham Isaac and Jacob and guided them with his Eye in all their Peregrinations from Nation to Nation and from one Kingdom to another People and when he brake the whole Staff of Bread in the Land of Canaan and the adjacent Countrys he made Provision by a wonderful Series of Providences for the Sustentation of Jacob's Family by sending Joseph before them into the Land of Egypt and for their Sakes raising him unto a Capacity not only to secure them from Want but also to preserve the Lives of thousands more And when the House of Jacob was by this means brought into the Land of Egypt the Lord was with them there and when the time of the Promise drew nigh he caused them to increase and multiply exceedingly and tho' the Egyptians sought by all means to oppress them and dealt subtilely with them yet by all their Artifice and Cruelty they could make no Earnings of their Work for the more they oppressed them the more they grew And in the midst of their calamitous Distress Moses was brought forth whom the Lord had designed for a Deliverer and a Saviour unto them and in order thereunto he was preserved in a miraculous manner from all Dangers and Temptations from his Birth to the time that he was sent about his great Work And in the time when the Bondage of Israel grew to its Extremity the Lord's Eye was still open upon them and he heard their Cry and remembred his Covenant with their Fathers and sent Moses and Aaron to deliver them Then was his Bowe made quite naked Hab. 3. 9. in a Course of Miracles by Signs and Wonders and mighty Works for which his Name is celebrated unto all Generations and in that very day which he had set in the Promise to their Fathers he brought them out of the Land of Egypt and delivered them from the House of their Bondage with an high Hand yea he divided the Red-Sea before them and led them thro' the Deep as on dry Land but buried Pharaoh and all his Host in the same Waters that had been as a Wall on the Right-hand and on the Left while the redeemed of the Lord passed over He guided them also in the Wilderness and afforded the visible Token of his Presence with them in a Pillar of Cloud by Day and of Fire by Night From his right-Right-hand there went forth a fiery Law for them because he loved them by which he formed both their Civil and Ecclesiastical Polity wherein they were immediately subjected to himself and made a Kingdom of Priests and an holy Nation and the Lords Tabernacle was pitched in the midst of them so that there was no Nation under Heaven that had God so nigh as the Lord their God was unto them in all that they did call upon him for Moreover he gave his good Spirit to instruct them which was poured upon Moses Aaron and Miriam with the seventy Elders and those Prophets which from time to time God raised up among them He fed them also with Manna from Heaven and gave them Water out of the Rock to drink and all the time of their forty Years Travel in the Wilderness their Feet were not swollen neither did their Garments wax old He dryed up Jordan also and brought them into the Land of Canaan and drove out before them Nations more in number and mightier than they and there he blessed them with the Blessings of Heaven above and of the Earth beneath so that there failed not ought of any good thing which the Lord had spoken concerning them Josh 23. 14. but their State was made prosperous and happy bcause the Lord was their God Psal 144. ult
whom they come for tho' they fall as so many Drops of Wrath that bode a dreadful Storm coming upon the wicked yet are they * De primâ igitur Corporis Morte a●ci potest quod bonis bona sit malis mala secunda vero sine dubio sicut nullorum bonorum est it a nulli bona Aug. De Civit. Dei Lib. 13. Cap. 2. all sanctifyed unto a Believer and turned into real Blessings which change the utmost Execution of the Curse is not capable of for eternal Punishment can never be turned into a Blessing upon any Yea supposing as there is Reason to do that God did not only promise a Redeemer to Adam before he pronounced this Sentence but also gave him Faith in the Promise it came immediately upon him as a fatherly Chastisment and not as a Fruit of unpacified Anger It is also true on the other side that the Godness and Forbearance of God is thro' the Wickedness of Man turned into a Judgment upon the Ungodly and Impenitent who abuse the day of his Patience unto the treasuring up of Wrath against the day of Wrath and Revelation of the righteous Judgment of God Rom. 2. 5. So that both temporal Mercies and temporal Evils are wholly subservient to the Design of God's Glory in the future and eternal State of Man and we may conclude there had been no such thing as temporal Death if there had not been a day of Patience 4. It is more than probable that at the same time or immediately after God did institute those bloody Sacrifices that were offered unto him from thenceforth and accepted by him when offered in Faith for the further Instruction of Man in the general Notion of the way of his Redemption by the promised Seed and for the Help and Confirmation of his Faith in the Promise Yea even the Coats of Skins which the Lord made and wherewith he cloathed Adam and Eve then confounded with the shame of their own Nakedness seem to be designed of God not only for a natural but also a mystical Vse were for their Instruction concerning that imputed Righteousness wherein they must now stand before him and without which they could find no acceptance with him Especially if these Coats were made of the Skins of those Beasts that Adam was then directed to offer in Sacrifice to God as some conjecture they were we can hardly imagine less to be intended thereby for no doubt with the Institution of Sacrifices something of the Vse and End of them was revealed unto Adam 5. This also must be noted That altho' the Covenant of Grace was thus far revealed unto Adam as we have heard yet we see in all this there was no formal and express Covenant-Transaction with him much less was the Covenant of Grace established with him as a publick Person or Representative in any kind but as he obtained Interest for himself alone in the Grace of God thus revealed by his own Faith so must those of his Posterity that are saved thereby And therefore altho' the Corruption of fallen Adam and the Guilt of his Fall be from him derived to all his Offspring because they were in him as a publick Person and foederal Root when he fell yet can they not derive from him any Interest in his renewed State or in the Grace or Holiness thereof seeing with respect thereunto God dealt with him only as a private Person and the Good of the Promise now given out was no more intrusted with him then with his Posterity or any of them in particular § 12. The State and Condition that the World of Adam's Posterity are now in is as followeth 1. They are all born in original Sin in the Image of the first Adam fallen and so under a broken Covenant being by Nature Children of Wrath unholy and without Strength 2. Yet are they necessarily under the Obligation of a Law to obey worship and serve their Creator tho' they have no Covenant-Interest in him for it is impossible and implies a Contradiction that reasonable Creatures should be brought forth into the World and not be subject to the Law of their Creator or that eternal Death should not be due to the Breach of that Law by them The Law of Creation binds when the Covenant of Creation is broken tho' the Transgression of Man hath forfeited his Interest in the one yet it cannot dissolve the Obligation of the other But yet 3. The World is set under a general Reprieve and the full Execution of the deserved Curse is delayed until the day of Judgment until which time the Children of Men are under a Dispensation of Goodness and sparing Mercy and so in a remote Capacity or Possibility of obtaining Salvation by Christ where it pleaseth God to send the Gospel the Dispensation of which is made effectual for the Salvation of all the Elect who are thereby gathered into the Kingdom of Christ 4. The Lord Christ hath undertaken in the close of his Mediatorial Kingdom when all his Sheep are brought into his Fold for whose sake alone the day of his Patience is lengthened out to the World to raise all Mankind again in an incorruptible State prepared for that eternal Duration unto which they were designed in their first Creation And then will he glorifie all those with himself for whom he hath satisfyed the Justice of God born the Curse of the Law and wrought out everlasting Righteousness who have been also called by his Grace to a Participation of these Benefits thro' Faith and others he will deliver up by a righteous Sentence unto the full Execution of that Curse upon them in its utmost Rigor which till then for the Ends aforesaid was suspended Of God's Covenant with Noah CHAP. III. The Children of God stated in a new Relation and their Obedience upon a new Foundation from the first Promise § 1. The Word of God the Rule of their Faith and Obedience how revealed to them § 2. Enoch's Translation the Instruction and Benefit the whole Church had thereby His Prophecy how written in the Old Testament § 3. The ordinary Propagation of the Church in those times Mixt Marriages one cause of the general Defection of Mankind Noah finds Grace in the Sight of God § 4. The Ark its typical Respect the general nature of such a Type illustrated by conference of some other like extraordinary Works of Providence The form of the Ark its mystical Vse how Baptism answers to the Ark Noah not altogether ignorant of the mystical Signification of the Ark How he became Heir of the Righteousness of Faith by building it § 5. The Covenant of God with Noah the establishing thereof at his entring into the Ark the Benefit of the Church thereby § 6. The farther management of God's foederal Transaction with Noah when he came out of the Ark the Promises obtained in the Interest of his Sacrifice what signified thereby The reason of his Name the particular Benefits of this