of Venice and as it doth the Senators of Rome at this day c. The time of sitting in Parliament is on any day in the morning or afore dinner onely it hath antienly been observed not to assemble upon some high Festival days but upon ordinary Sundays oft-times as days accounted by all Christians less solemn then divers other Festivals which are celebrated but once a year When the day prefixt by the King in his Writs of Summons is come the King usually cometh in person with his Crown on his Head and clothed with his Royal Robes declares the cause of the Summons in a short Harangue leaving the rest to the Lord Keeper who then stands behind His Majesty the Commons in the mean time standing bare at the Barr of the Lords House are afterwards in the Kings name commanded to choose them a Speaker which without the Kings Command they may not do whereupon they returning to their own House make choice of one of their own Members whom afterwards upon another day they present to the King and being approved of by His Majesty sitting in his Chair and all His Lords both Spiritual and Temporal in their Robes of Scarlet he makes a modest refusal which not allowed he petitioneth His Majesty that the Commons may have during their sitting First a free Access to his Majesty Secondly Freedom of Speech within their own House Thirdly Freedom from Arrests Before any affair be medled with all the Members of the House of Commons take the Oath of Allegiance and Supremacy in the presence of an Officer appointed by the King By that old Manuscript called Modus tenendi Parliamentum it doth appear that the House of Commons did antiently as the House of Lords at this day consist of Clergy-men as well as Lay-men there sate the Procuratores Cleri two for each Diocess representing all the Clergy-Commons of the Diocess as the Knights of the Shire doth all the Lay-Commons of the Shire for it was then judged expedient that every Freeman of England as well Clergy as Laity should in passing of all Laws touching propiety whereunto they were to be subject give their consent personally or immediately by themselves or else by some that by their Election should mediately undertake for them and the words of the Writ for summoning the Procuratores Cleri as aforesaid seem to warrant the same at this day The Power and Priviledges of both Houses of Parliament are divers and distinct one from an other The Lords House hath a power not onely in making and repealing Laws but also in tractando consilium impendendo as the words of the Writ are also in judging of Controversies judging in the arraignment of any Peer of the Realm putting men to their Oaths especially in matters of importance as the Corruption of Judges and Magistrates in Errours Illegal proceedings in other Courts in Appeals from Decrees in Chancery c. The Lords that in their Religion conform not to the Church of England may yet sit and have Suffrage in the Lords House All the Lords Spiritual and Temporal have this Priviledge That if by reason of Sickness or other business they cannot appear they may make Proxies to vote in their stead after Licence obtained by a Letter under the Kings Signet to be excused for their absence so that in every Parliament every person in England either by himself Proxy or Representative is said to be there and to have his Suffrage for making or repealing any Law The Commons have also a power in making and repealing Laws they also have their Negative Voyce for Levying of any money upon the Subject the Bill is to begin in the Commons House because from them doth arise the greater part of Moneys The Commons have the Priviledge to supplicate and propose Laws to impeach publick Delinquents even the highest Lords of the Kingdom both Spiritual and Temporal The House of Commons is the Grand Inquest of the Realm summoned from all parts to present publick grievances and Delinquents to the King and Lords to be redressed and punished by them and to this purpose the Lords sit in their Robes on the Bench covered as Judges do in other Judicatories they swear and examine Witnesses and at length pass sentence whilst the Members of the Commons House stand bare at the Bar of the Lords House produce Witnesses mannage evidence c. Note that although every Member of the Commons House is chosen to serve for one particular County City or Burrough yet he serves for the whole Kingdom and his voyce equal to any other his power absolute to consent or dissent without ever acquainting those that sent him or demanding their assent as the States General of the United Neatherlands are obliged to do in many Cases Yet are they to make that their special care to promote the Good of that County City or Borough for which they serve Although the Lords of Parliament are to bear their own charges because they represent there only themselves yet all the Commons both Lay and Clergy that is the Procuratores Cleri are to have rationabiles Expensas as the words of the Writ are that is such allowance as the King considering the Prices of all things shall judge meet to impose upon the people to pay In the 17 Edward 2. it was 10 groats for Knights and 5 groats for Burgesses but not long after it was 4 s. a day for dubbed Knights and 2 s. for all others which in those days as appears by the prices of all things was a considerable sum above 20 times more than it is now for not onely their expences were considered though that was great by reason of the sutable attendance that then every Parliament man had but also their pains their loss of time and necessary neglect of their own private affairs for the service of their Country and when the Countries Cities and Burroughs paid so dear for their expences they were wont to take care to choose such men as were best able and most diligent in the speedy dispatch of affaires by which means with some other more business in those times was dispatched in Parliament in a week then is now perhaps in ten so that the Protections for Parliament men and their Servant from Arrests were not then grievous when scarce any Parliament or Session lasted so long as one whole Term. In the Raign of Edward 3. the Parliaments sometimes sate but eight days and sometimes less as may be seen in the Records of the Tower and yet transacted several and weighty affairs of the Nation many things being prepared before hand as some think by the King and his privy Council as they are at present in Sweden and that commonly they then debated onely upon such things as the King did propose which is now done by the Convocation of the Clergy of England The afore-mentioned expences being duly paid did cause all the petty decayed Burroughs of England to become humble Suitors to the King
Delinquent is to stand in the Church Porch upon some Sunday bare head and feet in a white Sheet and a white Rod in his Hand there bewailing himself and beging every one that passes by to pray for him then to enter the Church falling down and kissing the ground then in the middle of the Church placed in a higher place in the sight of all the People and over against the Minister who declares the foulness of his crime odious to God and scandalous to the Congregation that God can no way be satisfied but by applying Christs sufferings nor the Congregation but by an humble acknowledging of his sin and testifying his sincere repentance and sorrow not in words only but with tears and promising there in the sight of God and his Holy Angels that by Gods assistance and by Prayer Meditation and daily works of Piety he will endeavor hereafter more carefully to watch against the temptations of the world the allurements of the flesh and the snares of the Devil which being done and the Priest in Christs name pronouncing the remission of sins the penitent humbly beseeches the Congregation to pardon him that great scandal against them and receive him into their holy Communion and to account him again a Member of their Church and in testimony hereof out of their Christian Charity to vouchsafe to say with him aloud the Lords Prayer And this way of the Church of England appears by divers Writers to be the antient way used by the Primitive Churches Note that it is ordained by the Canons of the Church of England that in case the crime be not notorious and publick the forenamed penance may at the parties request be commuted into a pecuniary Mulct for the poor of the Parish or some Pious uses provided that for the Reformation of the Delinquent that way appear to be the more probable way for some men will be thereby reclaimed who by publication of their offence would become more impudent and hardned when they perceive their reputation to be lost There remains one more punishment or Ecclesiastical censure which toucheth the body and that is denyal of Christian burial which is inflicted not in poenam mortuorum but in terrorem viventium who naturally desire that after their death their bodies may be decently interred And Christian burial is wont to be denyed by the Church of England to persons dying excommunicate to perjured persons to such as are hanged for Felony or that wilfully kill themselves and to Apostates Hereticks and Extortioners To these forenamed Censures and Punishments both Laity and Clergy are subject but besides these there are punishments whereunto the Clergy only are lyable as first Suspensio ab Officio when a Minister for a time is declared unfit to execute the Office of a Minister Then Suspensio a Beneficio when a Minister for a time is deprived of the profits of his Benefice and these two Censures are wont to be for smaller crimes Thirdly Deprivatio a Beneficio when for a greater crime a Minister is wholly and for ever deprived of his Living And fourthly Deprivatio ab Officio when a Minister is wholly and for ever deprived of his Orders and this is called Depositio or Degradatio and is commonly for some heynous crime meriting death and is performed by the Bishop in a solemn manner pulling off from the Criminal his Vestments and other Ensignes of his Order and this in the presence of the Civil Magistrate to whom he is then delivered to be punished as a Lay man for the like offence And herein Bishops are to take special care to behave themselves 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 not as lording over Gods Heritage not as absolute Masters over Servants to gain by their punishments but as Fathers over Children for their amendment and as being Ministers in Spiritual affairs to use their power for the good of Christians and to conduct that power by moderation Of the Parliament of England and therein of the Person summoning the manner of the summons the persons summoned their priviledges the place and manner of Sitting the passing of Bills in either House the passing of Acts of Parliament of Adjourning Proroguing and Dissolving of Parliaments A Brief Account of the Ecclesiastical Government having been given next follows the Civil Government towards which the first great wheel that moves is the Parliament of England Before the Conquest the Great Council of the King consisting only of the Great men of the Kingdom was called Magnatum Conventus or else Praelatorum Procerumque Concilium and by the Saxons in their own Tongue Micel Gemot the Great Assembly after the Conquest it was called by the French word Parlementum from Parler to talk together still consisting only of the Great men of the Nation until the Reign of H. 3. The Commons also were called to sit in Parliament for the first Writs sent forth to summon them bears date 49. H. 3. about 400 years agoe None but the King hath authority to summon a Parliament In the Kings absence out of the Realm the Custos Regni in the Kings name doth summon a Parliament and during the Kings minority within the Realm the Protector Regni doth the same No Parliament can begin without the Kings Presence either in Person or by Representation by Commissioners When the King of England is with his Parliament in time of peace he is then said to be in the height of his Royal Dignity as well as when he is at the head of his Army in time of War There is then scarce any thing that the King cannot do his power cannot be confined for Causes or Persons within any bounds He can with the concurrence of his Lords and Commons legitimate one that is born illegitimate bastardize one that is born legitimate that is to say one begotten in Adultery the Husband being then within the four Seas He can make an Infant of full age make an Alien or Forreigner an Englishman can attaint a man of Treason when he is dead when he is no more a man c. A Parliament is summoned in manner following About 40 days before the Parliament doth assemble the King issues out his Writ cum Advisamento Concilii sui and the Warrant is per ipsum Regem Concilium The Kings Writ which is a short Letter or Epistle is directed and sent to every particular person of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal commanding the Lords Spiritual in Fide Dilectione and the Lords Temporal per Fidem Allegiantiam to appear at a certain time and place to Treat and give their Advice in some certain important affairs concerning the Church and State c. Other Writs are sent to the High Sheriff of each County to summon the people to elect two Knights for each County two Citizens for each City and one or two Burgesses for each Burrough according to Statute Charter or Customs In these Elections antiently all the people had their Votes and most Votes carried it
Commons is a little above 500 persons whereof commonly near 200 are absent upon business or sickness c. Note that the Barons of the Cinque Ports are at this day onely as other Burgesses in Parliament but are still called Barons after the antient manner because heretofore they got great renown by their exploits at Sea in defending the Kingdom in memory whereof they have yet the Priviledge to send Burgesses to bear the Cloth of State over the Kings Head on the day of his Coronation and to dine that day in the Kings Presence A List of all the Knights Citizens Burgesses and Barons of the Cinque Ports that at present serve in the Parliament of England Bedford SIR Humphry Winch Bar. Sir John Nappier Bar. Town of Bedford Pawlet St. John Esq Sir William Beecher Kt. Berks. Richard Nevil Esq Sir Richard Powle Kt of the Bath Burough of New Windsor Sir Richard Braham Kt. Sir Thomas Higgons Kt. Borough of Reading Sir Thomas Doleman Kt. Richard Aldworth Esq Burough of Wallingford Sir John Benet Knight of the Bath Robert Packer Esq Borough of Abingdon Sir George Stonehouse Bar. Bucks Sir William Bowyer Kt. and Bar. Sir William Terringham Kt. of the Bath Town of Bucks Sir Richard Temple Bar. Sir William Smith Bar. Borough of Chipping Wiccomb Sir Edmond Pye Kt. and Bar. Sir John Burlace Bar. Borough of Aylesbury Sir Richard Ingoldsby Knight of the Bath Sir Thomas Lee Bar. Borough of Agmondesham Sir Will. Drake Kt. Sir Thomas Proby Bar. Borough of Wendever Richard Hampden Esq Robert Crooke Esq Borough of great Marlowe Peregrine Hobby Esq Charles Cheyney Esq Cambridge Sir Thomas Chicheley Kt. Sir Thomas Wendy Knight of the Bath Vniversity of Cambridge Thomas Crouch Master of Arts Sir Charles Wheeler Bar. Town of Cambridge William Lord Allington Roger Pepis Esq Chester Sir Foulke Lucy Knight Thomas Cholmly Esq City of Chester Sir Thomas Smith Bar. John Radcliff Esq Cornwall Sir Jonath Trelawny Kt. Sir John Corryton Bar. Borough of Dunhivid alias Launceston Sir Richard Edgecombe Knight of the Bath Sir Charles Harbord Knight His Majesties Surveyor General Borough of Leskeard John Harris Esq Barnard Greenvile Esq Borough of Lestwithiel Charles Smith Esq Silas Titus Esq Borough of Truroe John Arundel Esq Edward Boscawen Borough of Bodmin Sir John Carew Bar. Hender Roberts Esq Borough of Helston Sir William Godolphin Bar. Sidney Godolphin Esq Borough of Saltashe Francis Buller Junior Esq John Buller Esq Borough of Camelford Thomas Coventry Esq Sir Will. Godolphin Kt. Borough of Port-Pigham alias Westlow Sir Henry Vernon Bar. John Trelawny Esq Borough of Grampound Charles Trevanion Esq John Tanner Esq Borough of Estlow Henry Seymour Esq Sir Robort Atkins Kt. of the Bath Borough of Penryn William Pendarvis Esq John Birch Esq Borough of Tregony Hugh Boscawen Esq Thomas Herle Esq Borough of Bossiny Robert Roberts Esq Richard Rous Esq Borough of St. Ives James Praed Esq Edward Nosworthy Esq Borough of Fowey Jonathan Rashley Esq John Rashly Gent. Borough of St. Germains John Elliot Esq Edward Elliot Esquire Borough of St. Michael Matthew Wren Esq Francis Ld Hawley Borough of Newport John Speccot Esq Nicolas Morice Borough of St. Mawes Arthur Spry Esq Sir Joseph Tredinham Borough of Kellington Sir Cyril Wych Kt. Sam. Roll Esq Cumberland Sir George Fletcher Bar. Sir John Lowther Bar. City of Carlile Sir Philip Howard Kt. Christopher Musgrave Esq Borough of Cockermouth Sir Wilfrid Lawson Kt. John Clark Esq Derby William Lord Cavendish Sacheveril Esq Town of Derby John Dalton Esq Anchetel Grey Esq Devon Sir John Roll Knight of the Bath Sir Copplestone Bamfield Kt. City of Exeter Sir James Smith Kt. Robert Walker Esq Borough of Totnes Sir Edward Seymour Bar. Sir Thomas Clifford Kt. Borough of Plymouth Sir William Morice Kt. Sir Gilbert Talbot Kt. Town and Borough of Okehampton Sir Edward Wise Knight of the Bath John Harris Esq Borough of Barnstable Sir John Norcot Bar. Nicholas Dennis Esq Borough of Plympton Sir William Stroude Kt. Sir Nicholas Slanning Kt. and Bar. Borough of Honiton Sir Courtney Poole Bar. Peter Prideaux Esq Borough of Tavistok George Howard Esq William Russel Esq Borough of Ashburton Sir Geo. Sonds Kt. of the Bath John Fowel Esq Borough of Clifton Dartmouth Hardnes William Harbord Esq William Gould Esq Borough of Beeralston Sir John Maynard Kt. the Kings Sergeant at Law Joseph Maynard Esq Borough of Tiverton Thomas Carew Esq Henry Ford Esq Dorset Giles Strangeways Esq Sir John Strode Kt. Town of Poole Sir John Moreton Bar. Thomas Trenchard Esq Borough of Dorchester James Gould Esq John Churchill Esq Borough of Kings Lime Sir John Shaw Kt. and Bar. Henry Henly Esq Borough of Weymouth Sir John Covenrry Kt. of the Bath Sir Winston Churchill Kt. Borough of Kings-mellcombe Bullen Reymes Esq Anthony Ashley Esq Borough of Bridport Humphrey Bishop Esq John Strangewaise Esq Bor. of Shaston alias Shastbury Henry Whittacre Esq John Bennet Esq Borough of Wareham George Pit Esq Robert Culleford Esq Borough of Corfe Castle Sir Ralf Banks Kt. John Tregonwell Esq Essex Banestre Maynard Esq Sir John Bramstone Knight of the Bâ—rbâ— Borough of Colchester Sir Harbottle Grimstone Baronet Master of the Rolls Sir John Shaw Kt. Borough of Malden Sir John Tirril Kt. Sir Richard wiseman Kt. Borough of Harwich Thomas King Esq Sir Capel Luckin Gloucester John Grubham How Esq Sir Bainham Throgmorton Kt. City of Gloucester Sir Edward Massy Kt. Evan Seyes Serjeant at Law Borough of Cirencester Henry Fowle Esq John George Esq Borough of Tewksbury Sir Henry Capel Kt. of the Bath Richard Dowdswel Esq Hereford John Kerle Bar. Thomas Price Esq City of Hereford Roger Vaughan Esq Herbert Westphaling Esq Borough of Leompster Reynald Graham Esq Humphrey Cornwall esq Borough of Weobly John Barnaby Esq Sir Thomas Tompkins Kt Hertford Sir Richard Franklyn Knight and Baronet Will. Hale Esq Borough of St. Albans Sam. Grimston Esq Thomas Arris Doctor of Physick Borough of Hertford Sir Edward Turner Knight Speaker Thomas Lord Fanshaw Knight of the Bath Huntingdon Robert Vicount Mandeville Henry Williams Esq Borough of Huntingdon Sir John Cotton Bar. Lyonel Walden Esquire Kent Sir Thomas Peyton Bar. Sir John Tufton Kt. and Bar. City of Canterbury Thomas Hardâ—es Serj. at Law Sir Edward Masters Kt. City of Rochester Sir Francis Clerk Kt. Richard Heâ—d Esquire Borough of Maidstone Thomâ—s Heâ—lâ—ckenden Esquire Sir Robert Barneham Bar. Borough of Queenborough James Herbert Esquire Sir Edward Hales Bar. Lancaster Sir Roger Bradshaw Kt. Thomas Preston Esquire Borough of Lancaster Richard Kirkby Esquire Richard Harrison Esquire Borough or Town of Preston in Amounderness Edward Rigby Esquire John Otway Esquire Borough of Newton Richard Lord Gorges Richard Leigh Esq Borough of Wigon Charles Eâ—rl of Ancram Sir Jeofry â—hâ—kerley Kt. Borough of Clitheroe Sir John Heath Attorney of the Dutchy Ambrose Pudrey Esq Borough of Liverpoole Sir William Bucknell Kt. Sir Gilbert Ireland Kt. Leicester John Lord Roos George Faunt Esq Town of Leicester
hand is an Officer who ingrosseth Fines acknowledged c. He holdeth his Place also by Patent and is at present Mr. Sparks in trust for Sir William Drake who doth execute it by a Deputy Mr. Wayt. All these Officers aforementioned sit in the Court covered with black round knit Caps according to the mode immediately before the invention of Hats which was since the beginning of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth Moreover they are all sworn and have their Offices for life as a Freehold There are in this Court 3 Officers unsworn and hold their Places durante bene placito One Clerk of the Treasury Mr. George Ingram who hath the charge of keeping the Records of this Court and makes out all Records of Nisi Prius and divers other things This Office is in the Gift of the Lord Chief Justice 2. Clerk of the Inrolements of Fines and Recoveries who is by Statute under the three puisne Judges of this Court and removeable at their pleasure Note that the Inrolement of Fines and Recoveries or any part thereof by Stat 23 Eliz. cap. 3. is of as good force and validity in Law to all intents and purposes for so much of any of them so inrolled as the same being extant and remaining were or ought by Law to be The general neglect whereof in this Kingdom hath occasioned many Law Suits and hath proved in process of time exceeding dangerous to many mens Estates 3. The Clerk of the Outlawries Mr. Annuel who makes out the Writs of Capias Utlagatum after the Outlawry in the name of the Kings Atturney whose Deputy he is pro tempore There are five Clerks more 1. Clerk of the Kings Silver Henry Nurse Esquire unto whom every Fine or Final Agreement in sale of Lands is brought after it hath been with the Custos Brevium and to whom Money is paid for the Kings use 2. Clerk of the Warrants Mr· Thomas Brown executed by a Deputy Mr. James Mayo who entreth all Warrants of Atturney for Plaintiff and Defendant 3. Clerk of the Juries Mr. John Green who makes out the Writs called Habeas Corpora and Distringas for appearance of the Jury either in this Court or at the Assises in the Country 4. Clerk of the Essoins or Excuses for lawful cause of absence Mr. Townley 5. Clerk of the Super sedeas Mr. Abbot which is held by Patent but before King James time made by the Exchequer In this Court are also Filazers for the several Counties of England so called from the French Fil a Thred because they file their Writs These make out all Process upon Original Writs and do many other things too long to be here set down of these there are 14. viz. Fabian Philips Esquire who hath London Middlesex Huntington and Cambridge Shires The rest of the Counties are divided amongst these that follow Sir Roger Hill Henry Dutton Spicer Grey Fr. Hill Robert Child Charles Clare Sir Thomas Stringer Thomas Child Bennet Mark Hildesley Herbert Matthews and Hughes who is Protonatory Filazer and Exigenter of Monmouth by Patent the rest in the Gift of the Lord Chief Justice and hold for life There are also four Exigenters whose Office it is to make all Exigents and Proclamations in all Actions where process of Outlawry doth lye This Writ is called an Exigent because it exacteth the Party that is requireth his appearance to answer the Law and lies against a Transgressor of the Law that cannot be found nor any of his Goods within the County so that after summons by the Sheriff at five several County Courts if he appear not he is outlawed The four Exigenters at present are William Petty John Dawling Charles Clare and Silvester Petty all in the Gift of the Lord Chief Justice and are for life There are also belonging to this Court four Cryers and a Porter Of the Court called the Exchequer THe next Court for Execution of Laws is that called the Exchequer so called as some think from a Chequer-wrought Carpet covering the great Table in that Court as the Court of Green Cloth in the Kings house is so called from the Green Carpet or else from the French word Eschequier a Chess board because the Accomptants in that Office were wont to use such Boards in their Calculation Here are tryed all causes which belong to the Kings Treasury or Revenue as touching Accounts Disbursements Customs and all Fines imposed upon any man In this Court may sit the Lord Treasurer the Chancellor of the Exchequer the Lord Chief Baron and four other Learned Judges called Barons of the Exchequer and one other Cursitor Baron but the two first seldom sit and the five last Seldom fail The first of these five is the Principal Judge of this Court and answers the Bar or the Baristers who direct their Speech to him takes Recognizances for the Kings Debts c. It is an Office of High Honour and Profit he is styled Lord Chief Baron is Created by Letters Patents to hold this Dignity Quam dieu bene se gesserit wherein he hath a more fixed estate then the Chief Justices of either Bench for the Law intends this an Estate for Life in the absence of the Lord Chief Baron the other three Barons supply his place according to their Seniority but the fifth is said to be a Cursitor of the Court and administers the Oaths to the Sheriffs Under-Sheriffs Baylifs Searchers Surveyors c. of the Custom-house In the Exchequer are held two Courts one of Law another of Equity All Judicial Proceedings according to Law are coram Baronibus but the Court of Equity held in the Exchequer Chamber is coram Thesaurario Cancellario Baronibus This Court had its beginning primo Ph. Mar. The Authority of this Court is of original jurisdiction without any Commission Note also that all the other forementioned Courts were not Instituted by any Statute or written Law but have their Original from the antient Custom of the Kingdom For a long time after the Conquest there sat in the Exchequer both Spiritual and Temporal Barons of the Realm and in later times there sate in their places others that were not Peers of the Realm yet stiled Barons quia ibi sedere solebant Barones All the Twelve Judges belonging to these High Tribunals sit in Robes and Square Caps like those Doctors of Divinity because as some say they were antiently most commonly Clergy-men and Doctors Bishops or Prelates A List of the several Officers belonging to His Majesties Court of Exchequer In the Vpper Exchequer THe Kings Remembrancer Thomas Lord Vicount Fanshaw in whose Office are 8 sworn Clerks whereof John Payn and Thomas Hall Esquires at present are the two Secondaries the rest are Ansel Beaumont Hugh Frankland Butler Buggin George Wats Nicholas Sanders c. In this Office pass all the Accounts concerning the Kings Revenue for Customs Excise Hearth-money Subsidies and all Ayds granted to the King in Parliament and all other Accounts of what nature soever
or Deputy Lieutenants may levy every year one fourth part if they judge it expedient of each mans proportion in the Tax of 70000 l. a moneth upon the whole Kingdom And in the case of marching against an enemy they have power to cause every man so charged to allow each Souldier one months pay which the King is after to repay before they may be charged with another moneths pay These Forces are alwayes in readiness with all things necessary at the beat of a Drum or sound of Trumpet to appear muster and be compleat with men horse and armes and are at certain times trained and disciplined that they become able skilful and useful Souldiers These are to be commanded only within the Kingdom for the security of the King and Kingdom Subservient in the standing Militia to the Lord Lieutenant and Deputy Lieutenant are the Justices of Peace of every County who upon all occasions according to the orders of their Superiors are to send their Warrants to the High Constable of the Hundred or Petty Constable of the Parish c. These are commonly called the Train-bands of every County whereof the number is so great that in only five of the bigger Counties of England there are to be found well provided forty thousand able lusty men ready to assist the King upon all occasions so that in all times of peace the King hath six or sevenscore thousand men enrolled and wholly and solely at his disposing for the defence of his Kingdom of England For the better securing of the Kingdom from foreign Invasion besides the Ships of war whereof more anon there are upon certain eminent places over al parts of England mediterrane as well as maritime high Poles erected whereon are fastned pitch Barrels to be fired by night and a smoke made by day and thereby to give notice in few hours to the whole Kingdom of the approaching Invasion whereupon the Inhabitants in arms make haste to the sea-coasts These are called Becons from the Saxon Beacen or Beacnian to shew by a sign In all times of danger some are set to watch at every Becon Antiently there were many Castles in all parts of England but inland Castles generally have either been demolisht in latter times or wittingly suffered to decay that to Rebels they might be no shelter to Invaders no stay nor to the Invaded any refuge in flight and consequently that there may not be any lingring war again in England which is the greatest misery and calamity that can ever happen to a Nation In 1588. upon expectation of the Spanish Armado stiled invincible there went forth from the Queen Commissions to muster in all parts of England all men that were of perfect sense and limb from the age of 16. to 60 except Noblemen Clergy-men University Students Lawyers Officers and such as had any publick charges leaving only in every Parish so many Husbandmen as were sufficient to till the ground In all those Musters there were then numbred three millions but of those fit for war about six hundred thousand In another Muster of Queen Elizabeth there were found in all England fit for war of common Souldiers about four hundred thousand and of those armed and trained one hundred eighty five thousand besides Horse near forty thousand and that the Nobility and Gentry were then able to bring into the field of their Servants and Followers twenty thousand men Horse and Foot choice men and excellent horses and in all fit for war and ready upon all occasions six hundred forty two thousand leaving sufficient to till the ground and to furnish Trades besides Nobility Gentry c. Of the present Maritime Power belonging to the Crown of England THe Kingdom of England being a Peninsula almost surrounded with the sea there will alwayes be a necessity of maritime forces And as next Neighbours grow potent at sea the King of England will be necessitated to augment his maritime forces proportionably how great soever the charge thereof may be or else to quit his antient right to the Soverainty of the narrow seas and to suffer his Merchants to be abused and their traffique every where interrupted It is true that in the 24. of Eliz. upon a general view and muster there were found but 13 Ships of war and 135 Ships of considerable burden belonging to all the Subjects of England and in the year 1600 her Majesty had but 36 Ships of war and 13 or 14 Pinaces the biggest Ship was then of One thousand Tun carried Three hundred and forty Mariners One hundred and thirty Soldiers and but Thirty piece of Ordnance The lesser Ships of War were of One hundred Tun Forty or fifty Mariners Seven or eight Soldiers and Eight Guns The Pinnaces of Thirty Tun Eighteen or twenty Mariners and Two or four Guns so small was the Royal Fleet in those days when our next Neighbor Nations were weak and always engaged with Civil and Foreign Wars but now that their strength at Sea is of late so prodigiously increased it will be most expedient for this Kingdom to be always well provided And God be thanked we have a King that understands better and takes more delight in Maritime Affairs and Ships of War then any of His Royal Ancestors or any Soveraign Prince now living in the World and who hath made it His cheif business that way to fortifie this Kingdom The Forces of Potentates at Sea Sont des Marques de Grandeur d'Estat saith a French Author Whosoever commands the Sea commands the Trade of the World He that commands the trade commands the Wealth of the World and consequently the World it self Again As he that is Master of the Field is said to be Master of every Town when it shall please him so he that is Master of the Sea may in some sort be said to be Master of every Countrey at least of such as are bordering on the Sea for he is at liberty to begin or end a War where and upon what terms he pleaseth and to extend his Conquests even to the Antipodes To the Crown of England belongs the Dominion of all the Narrow Seas round about the whole Island of Great Britain by Ancient Right whereof it hath had possession in all times First the Aborigenes or Ancient Britains were possest thereof as Mr. Selden makes appear and in their Right the Romans held it then the Saxons having gotten possession of England kept that Dominion their King Edgar amongst His Royal Titles calling Himself Soveraign of the Narrow Seas Afterward the Normans possessing England claimed and quietly possest the same Dominion in testimony whereof the Swedes Danes Hans-Towns Hollanders Zealanders c. were wont to ask leave to pass the British Seas and to take Licenses to fish therein And to this day do strike Sail to all the Ships of War belonging to the King of England as oft as they pass by any one of them thereby to express that they acknowledge the Soveraignty of the British
Seas to belong to the King of England according to an Ordinance made at Hastings in Sussex by John King of England about Four hundred and fifty years ago To maintain this Right and Title to protect Trade to subdue Pirates to defend this Kingdom against hostile Invasions and to reduce foreign Potentates to Reason the Kings of England have had especially of later times a considerable number of Ships of War for Strength for Beauty and Sailing if not for number surpassing all those of our Neighbor Nations For Strength by reason of the most excellent English Timber they are like so many floating Castles and Barbicans For Beauty so proportionably and spaciously built and so curiously and richly adorned that they are as so many Royal Palaces Amongst other Ships at Sea they are as so many Lions amongst other silly Beasts or as Eagles amongst other Birds Histories mention a great Fleet of Julius Caesar a Fleet of the forementioned King Edgar consisting of Three thousand six hundred Sail a Fleet of Lewis Son to Philip King of France of Six hundred Sail that arrived at Sandwich to assist the English Barons against King John but those doubtless were but as so many Cottages to Castles in respect of the present Ships of War Henry the Eighth in the Fifth year of His Reign built a Ship then accounted the greatest that ever had been seen in England and named it Henry Grace de Dieu or the Great Henry it was of One thousand Tun. In the Eighth year of King James was built by the Londoners a Ship of Twelve hundred Tun and called The Trades Increase which being lost in the East Indies King James caused another to be built of Fourteen hundred Tun which being given to Prince Henry was by Him named the Prince King Charles the Martyr perceiving the great encrease of Shipping in our Neighbor Nations and that the Soveraignty of these Seas was like to be disputed amongst other great Ships of War built one greater then any Ship of War either in England or in any Countrey of Europe and named it The Royal Soveraign which for a little diversion shall here be more particularly described The Royal Soveraign being a Ship of the First Rate or Rank built in the Year One thousand six hundred thirty and seven is in length by the Keel One hundred twenty seven Foot in bredth by the Beam Forty seven Foot in depth Forty nine Foot her draught of Water Twenty one Foot Of burden in all Two thousand seventy and two Tuns and One thousand five hundred fifty and four Tuns besides Guns Tackle c. This mighty Moving-Castle hath Six Anchors whereof the biggest weighs 6000 l. and the least 4300 l. It hath Fourteen Cables whereof the greatest is Twenty one Inches in compass and weighs 9000 l. Her least Cable being eight Inches in compass weighing near 1300 l. To the Royal Soveraign belong Eighteen Masts and Yards whereof the greatest called The Main Mast is One hundred and thirteen Foot long and Thirty eight Inches Diameter Her Main Yard One hundred and five Foot long and Twenty three Inches Diameter and her Main Top Fifteen Foot Diameter She hath Ten several sorts of Sails of several names as every Ship of every one of the Six Rates hath whereof her greatest Sail called Her Main Course together with her Bonnet contains One thousand six hundred and forty Yards of Canvas Ipswich double and the least Sail called The Fore-top-gallant-sail contains One hundred and thirty yards of Canvas The charge of one compleat Sute of Sails for the Soveraign is 404 l. Sterling Money The weight of the Sea store in point of Ground Tackle and other Cordage is Sixty Tuns Eight hundred and odd pounds She carries a long Boat of Fifty Foot a Pinnace of Thirty six Foot and a Skiff of Twenty seven Foot long The weight of her Rigging is Three and thirty Tun. She hath Three Tire of Guns all of Brass whereof there are Forty four in her upper Tire Thirty four in her second Tire and Twenty two in her lower Tire in all One hundred Guns She carries in all of Officers Soldiers and Mariners Seven hundred Men. Finally Her whole Charges for Wages Victuals Ammunition wear and tear for every Moneth at Sea costs the King 3500 l. Sterling as hath been computed by a very skilful person The charges of Building a Ship of the First Rate together with Guns Tackle and Rigging besides Victualing doth ordinarily amount to about 62432 l. Those of Lower Rates proportionally The King hath now Six Ships of the First Rate whereof Five are longer by the Keel then the forementioned Royal Soveraign and all of the same force except two which yet may carry each one One hundred and ten Guns Of Ships of War great and small the King had before the last War with the United Netherlands above One hundred and sixty Sail whereof a true List followeth A List in Alphabetical Order of all the Ships Frigats and Vessels of his Majestie 's Royal Navy together with the Rates Tuns Men and Guns usually accounted First Rate Ships Tuns Men Guns Charles 1229 550 80 Prince 1205 600 84 Soveraign 1554 700 100 Second Rate    St Andrew 775 300 56 St. George 775 300 56 Henry 1047 380 64 James 792 350 60 London 1050 500 64 Royal James 1100 500 70 Rainbow 782 320 56 Swiftsure 740 340 60 Triumph 779 350 64 Catherine   76 Victory 690 320 56 Unicorn 786 320 56 Vantguard 706 3â—0 56 Royal Oak   76 St. Michael    Third Rate    Anne 742 240 54 Dreadnought 738 240 52 Dunkirk 635 230 48 Edgar    Essex 633 230 48 Fairfax 755 240 52 Henrietta 781 250 50 Glocester 755 240 52 Lyon 550 210 48 Mary 727 260 56 Monk  260 50 Montague 769 260 52 Plâ—mouth 771 250 50 Revenge 741 240 52 Resolution 765 250 52 York 739 240 52 Rupert    Fourth Rate Ships Tuns Men Guns Antelope 550 160 40 Assistance 513 160 40 Advice 516 160 40 Adventure 505 140 24 Amity 354 120 30 Assurance 341 135 32 Bristol 534 180 44 Bear 430 130 36 Breda 515 160 40 Crown 536 160 40 Centurion 531 170 40 Convertine 500 170 40 Constant Warwick 315 135 32 Charity 400 140 38 Diamond 547 160 40 Dover 511 160 40 Dragon 414 150 38 Elizabeth 477 150 38 Elias 400 130 36 Expedition 323 120 30 Foresight 513 160 40 Guinea â—75 120 30 Happy Return 607 180 44 Hampshire 481 150 38 Jersey 560 160 40 Indian 500 180 40 Kent 600 170 40 Leopard 666 180 44 Matthias 400 160 44 Mary Rose 566 160 40 Marmaduke 400 130 32 Newcastle 633 180 44 Nonsuch 389 140 34 Portland 607 170 40 Princess 600 150 36 Portsmouth 433 150 38 Phenix 414 150 38 President 462 150 38 Providence 323 120 30 Reserve 512 160 40 Ruby 550 160 40 Swallow 543 170 40 Saphire 442 150 38 Tyger
to behave themselves in that Port Gravity and Authority as if they were so in the Kings House that so hereafter they may know the better to behave themselves in case they should be promoted to that Honour for these Gentlemen are usually of such quality as come not hither with intent to profess the Law but to learn so much Law as may be necessary to preserve their Estates and to make themselves accomplisht in other qualities necessary for Gentlemen At such time they have here divers divertisements as Feasting every day singing dancing Musick which last is allowed there to all Comers and is so excessive that what the Dicers allow out of each winning to the Butlers box usually amounts to above 50 l. a day and night wherewith and a small contribution from each Student are the great charges of the whole Christmas defrayed Sometimes when their publick Treasury is great they create a Prince among themselves with such Title as they please to give him and he hath all his Officers and a Court sutable to a great Prince and many of the prime Nobility and great Officers of State are feasted and entertained by him with Enterludes c. From All Saints day to Candlemas each House usually hath Revels on Holy-dayes that is Musick and Dancing and for this is chosen some young Student to be Master of the Revels Note that the manner of their Parlament is briefly thus Every Quarter commonly the Benchers cause one of the standing Officers of the House to summon a Parlament which is onely an Assembly and Conference of Benchers and Utter-Baristers which are called the Sage Company and meet in a place called the Parlament Chamber and there Treat of such matters as shall seem expedient for the good ordering of the House and the Reformation of such things as they shall judge meet to be Reformed Here are the Readers for Lent and Summer vacation elected also the Treasurer is here chosen and the Auditors appointed to take the Accounts of the old Treasurer c. Here offences committed by any of the Society are punished c. These Innes of Court are most wisely situated by our Ancestors between the Kings Courts of Judicature and the most opulent City of London In the Four Innes of Court are reckoned about 800 Students Lastly there are two more Colledges called Sergeants Inne where the Common-Law Student when he is arrived to the highest degree hath his Lodging and Dyet These are called Servientes ad Legem Sergeants at Law and are as Doctors in the Civil Law only these have heretofore been reputed more Noble and Honourable Doctoris enim appellatio est Magisterii Servientis vero Ministerii and therefore Doctors of Law are allowed to sit within the Bar in Chairs and covered whilst Sergeants stand without the Bar bareheaded only with Coiffs or Caps on To arrive to this high Degree take this brief account The young Student in the Common Law being born of a Gentile Stock and bred two or three years in the University and there chiefly versed in Logick and Rhetorick both expedient for a Lawyer and gotten some insight into the Civil Law and some skill in the French Tongue as well as Latin he is admitted to be one of the Four Innes of Court where he is first called a Moot man and after about Seven years study is chosen an Utter Barister and having then spent Twelve years more and performed the Exercises before mentioned he is chosen a Bencher and some time after a Reader during the Reading which heretofore was Three weeks and Three days the Reader keeps a constant and sumptuous Feasting inviting the chief Nobles Judges Bishops great Officers of the Kingdom and sometimes the King himself as that most accomplished Lawyer the present Atturney General did that it costs them sometimes 800 or 1000 l. Afterward he wears a long Robe different from other Baristers and is then in a capacity to be made a Sergeant at Law when His Majesty shall please to call him which is in this manner When the number of Sergeants is small the Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas by the advice and consent of the other Judges make choice of Six or Eight more or less of the most Grave and Learned of the Innes of Court and presents their Names to the Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper who sends by the Kings Writ to each of them to appear on such a day before the King to receive the State and Degree of Sergeant at Law at the appointed time they being habited in Robes of two colours viz. Brown and Blew come accompanyed with the Students of the Innes of Court and attended by a train of Servants and Retainers in certain peculiar cloth Liveries to Westminster-Hall there in publick take a solemn Oath and are clothed with certain Robes and Coyfs without which they may no more be seen in publick after this they feast the great persons of the Nation in a very magnificent and Princely manner give Gold Rings to the Princes of the Blood Archbishops Chancellor and Treasurer to the value of Forty shillings each Ring to Earles Bishops Rings of Twenty shillings to other great Officers to Barons great Prelates c. Rings of less value Out of these are chosen all the Judges of the Kings Bench and Common Pleas wherefore all those Judges do alwayes wear the white Linnen Coyfe which is the Principal Badge of a Sergeant and which he had ever the Priviledge to wear at all times even in the Kings presence and whilst he spake to the King though antiently it was not permitted to any Subject to be so much as capped in the Presence of the King of England as at present it is not allowed in the presence of the Pope or of the Emperour When any of the aforementioned Judges are wanting the King by advice of His Council makes choice of one of these Sergeants at Law to supply his place and constitutes him by Letters Patents Sealed by the Chancellor who sitting in the middle of the rest of the Judges in open Court by a set Speech declares to the Sergeant that upon this occasion is brought in the Kings pleasure and to the people the Kings goodness in providing the Bench with such able honest men as that Justice may be done expeditely and impartially to all His Subjects and then causes the said Letters Patents to be read and being departed the Chief Justice places the said Sergeant on the Bench junior of all the rest and having taken his Oath well and truly to serve the King and His people in the Office of Justice to take no reward to do equal and speedy Justice to all c. he sits himself to the Execution of his Charge The Sergeant being thus advanced to be a Judge hath thereby great Honour and a very considerable Salary besides certain perquisits for each one hath at least One thousand pound a year from the King and now in some things his former habit
among the learned is very considerable saith of one Colledge of Oxford in his time what might be said of some others there and in Cambridge Non credo in orbe terrarum extra Angliam simile esse addam aut fuisse Magnae illic opes vectigalia c. Verbo vis dicam Unum Oxoniense Collegium rem inquisivi superat vel decem nostra The whole number of Students in Oxford that partake of the Revenues of the Colledges are about One thousand and of other Students about twice as many There were anciently in this University before the founding of Colledges Two hundred Hospitia Studiosorum Inns Hostels or Halls and as Armachanus Writes there were Thirty thousand Students and Twenty miles round Oxford were by the Kings of England set apart for Provision in Victuals for this City The Discipline of these Colledges and Halls is far more exact and excellent then in any Foreign University First All that intend to take any Degree are to take their Dyet and Lodging and have a Tutor constantly in some Colledge or Hall then they are to perform all Exercises to be subject to all Statutes and to the Head of the House Next they are to be subject to the cheif Magistrate of the University to perform Publick Exercise and to be subject to the Publick Statutes thereof They are to suffer themselves to be shut up by night in their several Houses They are never to be seen abroad out of their Chambers much less out of their Colledges without their Caps and Gowns an excellent order no where observed in Foreign Parts but in Spain Their Gowns are all to be black onely the Sons of the higher Nobility are herein indulged and all Doctors are honored with Purple or rather Scarlet Robes which anciently were allowed onely to Emperors or Kings but now in England besides the King all Peers in Parliament all Doctors in the Universities all Majors and Governors of Cities and all the Principal Judges are at certain times cloathed in Scarlet The Degrees taken in the University are onely two viz. Of Bachelar and Master for so they are anciently called as well in Divinity Law and Physick as in the Arts. At present the Degrees in those Three Professions are called Bachelars and Doctors onely in the Arts Bachelar and Master Yet is it not to be supposed That because in Musick one of the Liberal Arts he that takes the second Degree is usually now stiled a Doctor therefore to be preferred before a Master of Arts who is Doctor of all the Liberal Arts yet Men otherwise Learned have sometimes committed such Errors by their Ignorance in words and names Every year at the Act or time of compleating the Degree of Master both in the Three Professions and Arts which is always the Monday after the Sixth of July there are unless some extraordinary occasion hinders great Solemnities not onely for Publick Exercises but Feastings Comedies and a mighty concourse of Strangers from all parts to their Friends and Relations then compleating their Degrees whereby and by the set Fees it usually costs a Doctor of Divinity Law or Physick about One hundred pounds sterling and a Master of Arts 20 or 30 l. sterling In these Three Professions and in the Arts there proceed Masters or Doctors yearly about One hundred and fifty and every Lent about Two hundred Bachelars of Arts. The time required by Statute for studying in the University before the taking of the forementioned Degrees because it is much longer then what is required in any Foreign University shall here be set down more particularly To take the Degree of Bachelar in Arts is required four years and three years more for to be Master of Arts. To take the Degree of Doctor of Divinity the Student must necessarily first have taken the Degree of Master of Arts and then after seven years more he is capable of being Bachelar in Divinity and then four years more is requisite before the Degree of Doctor can be had To take the Degree of Doctor of Laws the more ordinary way is in three years after Master of Arts one may be capable of the Degree of Bachelar and in four years more of Doctor of Laws the like for Doctor in Physick The Exercises required for taking these Degrees are many and difficult enough yet not such but that may be performed in less time by any Men of good abilities But it was the Wisdom of our Ancestors so to order that before those degrees were conferred upon any and they allowed to practice they might first gain Judgment and Discretion which comes with Time and Years and perhaps that those of slower parts might by Time and Industry make themselves capable of that Honor as well as those of quicker abilities To speak now particularly of the Publick Schools in Oxford of the large Salary to each Publick Professor of the most famous Bodlean Library that for number of choice Books curious Manuscripts diversity of Languages liberty of Studying facility of finding of any Book equals if not surpasses the famous Vatican To speak of the curious Architecture and vast charges of the New Theater fabricked by the most ingenious Dr. Christopher Wren at the sole cost and charges of the most Reverend Father in God Gilbert the present Archbishop of Canterbury for the use of Scholastick Exercises and of that most excellent Printing Press there To speak of the beautiful solid Stone Buildings Chappels Halls Libraries large Revenues admirable Discipline of several Colledges To describe the most delightful Publick Physick Garden abounding with variety of choice Plants and surrounded with stately Stone Walls at the sole expences of the Right Honorable Henry Earl of Danby would require another Volume What hath been said of Oxford the like may be said of Her Sister Cambridge which for Antiquity Beautiful Colledges large Revenues good Discipline number of Students plenty of Diet and of all other things necessary for advancement of Learning if in complaisance she will at any time give place to Oxford yet at the same time will challenge precedence before any other University of the Christian World These are the two glorious Fountains of Learning to the fame whereof Foreigners come on Pilgrimage to offer up Honor and Admiration and yet even these had lately been like to be dried up by the over-heated Zeal of some ignorant Fanaticks These are the cheifest Store-houses of Lettered Men which sends forth yearly a great number of Divines Civilians Physitians c. to serve all parts of this Kingdom To supply these great Store-houses there are in several parts of England Grammar Schools whereof the principal are Pauls Westminster Winchester Eaton Merchant-Taylers the Charter-house all richly endowed to maintain Masters Ushers and a certain number of Scholars so that a childe once admitted into these Schools if he become capable may at length be preferred to be Scholar or Fellow in some Colledge of one of these Universities and will want little or no assistance
from his Parents all his life time after Besides these there are of late Grammar Schools founded and endowed in almost every Market Town of England wherein the children of the Town are onely to be taught gratis without any other allowance But in the multiplying of these Schools it may be doubted whether there appeared not more Zeal then Prudence for the Parents of such School-boys not able to advance them to the Universities all the rest besides Reading and Writing becomes useless and the Youths by Eight or ten years lazy living rendred unapt for the labor belonging to the more profitable Plough and divers Manufactures usually turn either Serving-men or Clerks to Justices or Lawyers whereby they learn much Chicanery they become cunning Petty-foggers multiply Law-sutes and cozen their Countrey or if perhaps they are set to Trades that little smattering in Learning got at the Grammar School renders them commonly proud stiff-necked self-conceited unapt to be governed apt to embrace every new Doctrine Heresie Schism Sect and Faction Or in case their Parents are able to put them to the University yet for want of sufficient maintenance and residence there they get onely to be half-learned and thereby a propensity to Preach Faction Sedition and Rebellion to seduce those that are more ignorant then themselves as was evident in our late unhappy troubles where it was observed that the Seducers were generally such as had been from those Market Latin Schools advanced to be either Commoners or Servitors for a short time in the University and the seduced ordinarily such as from those Schools became afterward Shop-keepers or Petty-foggers If such had been endowed with more or perhaps with less knowledge they had probably been much more humble loyal and obedient to their Governors both Civil and Ecclesiastical and therefore the late King of Spain consulting with his ablest Counsellors of State for a general Reformation of Matters that were found by experience to be inconvenient and prejudicial to His Kingdoms after mature deliberation came to this resolution That amongst other abuses the great number of Countrey Grammar Schools should by a solemn Prematica or Ordnance be diminished and the childrens time better employed at Manufactures Trades Husbandry c. Besides upon serious consideration it will be found that England is over-stocked with Scholars for the proportion of its Preferments and for its employments for Lettered Persons whereby it comes to pass that too many live discontented and longing for Innovations and Changes and watching for an opportunity to alter the Government both of Church and State This following List was provided to be inserted after the account of the standing Militia of England A List of the present Lords Lieutenants of the several Counties and Places of England in Alphabetical Order BEdford Earl of Alisbury Berks Lord Lovelace Bristol Duke of Ormond Bucks Earl of Bridgwater Cambridge Earl of Suffolk Cheshire Earl of Derby Cornwall Earl of Bath Cumberland Earl of Carlisle Derby Earl of Devonshire Devon Duke of Albemarle Dorset Duke of Richmond Durham Bishop of Durham Essex Earl of Oxford Glocester Marquess of Worcester Hereford Marquess of Worcester Hertford Earl of Essex Huntingdon Earl of Sandwich Kent Duke of Richmond Lancaster Earl of Derby Leicester Earl of Rutland Lincoln Earl of Lindsey Middlesex Earl of Craven Monmouth Marquess of Worcester Norfolk Lord Townsend Northampton Earl of Peterborough Northumberland Earl of Ogle Nottingham Duke of Newcastle Oxford Lord Say and Seal Purbeck Isle Sir Ralph Banks Rutland Viscount Camden Shropshire Lord Newport Southwark Borough Earl of Craven Somerset Duke of Ormond Southampton Lord St. John Stafford Lord Brook Suffolk Earl of Suffolk Surrey Lord Mordant Sussex Earl of Dorset Wales Earl of Carbery Warwick Earl of Northampton Westmerland Earl of Carlisle Wilts Earl of Essex Worcester Lord Windsor York East-Riding Lord Bellasis York West-Riding Duke of Buckingham THus the Reader hath had a small Map of a great Monarchy the most just and easie that ever any people lived under except onely those who lived in England before the late unparalleld Rebellion and many ways more happy then that which the great and good States-man Philip Comines so much admired in his days when he declared after he had much commended the Policy of the Venetian Commonwealth That amongst all the Seigneuries in the World England was the Countrey where the State was best ordered and where there was the least Violence and Oppression upon the People FINIS