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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A64224	Thesaurarium mathematicae, or, The treasury of mathematicks containing variety of usefull practices in arithmetick, geometry, trigonometry, astronomy, geography, navigation and surveying ... to which is annexed a table of 10000 logarithms, log-sines, and log-tangents / by John Taylor.	Taylor, John, mathematician.	1687 (1687)	Wing T534; ESTC R23734	190,995	514

Horary Distance from the Meridian PROP. XXXII By knowing the Poles Altitude to find the Elevation of any fixed Star above the Horizon being due East or West This is the Analogy or Proportion As S. of the Poles Altitude To Radius or S. 90° So is S. of the Stars Declination To S. of the Stars Elevation above the Horizon at due East or West PROP. XXXIII To find out the Horizontal Parallax of the Moon The Analogy or Proportion As the Moons Distance from the Center of the Earth To the Earth's Semidiameter So is Radius or S. 90° So S. of the Moon 's Horizontal Parallax in that Distance PROP. XXXIV The Horizontal Parallax of the Moon being known to find her Parallax in any apparent Latitude This is the Analogy or Proportion As Radius or S. 90° To S. of the Moon 's Altitude So is S. of the Moon 's Horizontal Parallax To S. of the Parallax in that Altitude PROP. XXXV By knowing the Moon 's Place in the Ecliptick having little or no Latitude and her Parallax of Altitude to find the Parallaxes of her Longitude and Latitude First If the Moon be in the 90° of the Ecliptick she hath then no Parallax of Longitude and the Parallax of the Latitude is the very Parallax in that Altitude Secondly But if the Moon be not in the 90th Degree of the Ecliptick to find the Parallaxes of the Latitude and Longitude the Analogy or Proportion is 1. As Radius or S. 90° To T. of the V. of the Ecliptick and Horizon So is Sc. of the Moon 's Distance from the Ascendent or Descendent deg of the Ecliptick To Tc. of the Ecliptick's V with the Azimuth of the Moon AGAIN say 2. As the Radius or S. 90° To S. of that V. found So is the Parallax of the Moon 's Altitude To the Parallax of her Latitude sought LASTLY say 3. As the Radius or S. 90° 00 ' To Sc. of the former V. found So is the Parallax of the Moon 's Altitude To the Parallax of his Longitude sought which being added to the true Motion of the Moon if she be on the East part of the 90° of the Ecliptick Or from it to be deducted if she be on the West part of the 90° of the Ecliptick PROP. XXXVI How by knowing the Refraction of a Star to find his true Altitude For the speedy performance of which I have annexed this Table of Refractions of the Stars observed by Tycho Brabe a Nobleman of Denmark and a most famous Astronomer A Table of the Refraction of the Stars observed by Tycho Brabe Altitude Refraction o° 30 ' 00 1 21 30 2 15 30 3 12 30 4 11 00 5 10 00 6 9 00 7 8 15 8 6 45 9 6 00 10 5 30 11 5 00 12 4 30 13 4 00 14 3 30 15 3 00 16 2 30 17 2 00 18 1 15 19 0 30 20 0 00 The USE of which Table is thus EXAMPLE Suppose the Altitude of a Star were found by Observation to be 13° the correspondent Refraction is 4 ' 00 which substracted from 13° leaves 12° 56 ' which is the true Altitude CHAP. VII Of GEOGRAPHY GEOGRAPHY is an art Mathematical which sheweth how the Situations of Kingdoms Provinces Cities Towns Villages Forts Castles Mountains Woods Havens Rivers Creeks c. being on the Surface of the Terrestrial Globe may be described and designed in commensuration Analogical to Nature and Verity and most aptly to our view may be represented Ptolomy saith of Geography 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That it is a description of all the known Earth imitated by writing and delineation with all other things belonging thereunto Of all which I shall say somewhat as to its Situation Commodity Customs c. concerning which Ovid saith Met. lib. 2. Terra viros Urbesque gerit frugesque ferasque Fluminaque haec super est Caeli fulgentis imago In English Thus. The Earth Men Towers Fruits Beasts and Rivers bears And over these are place'd the Heavenly Spheres SECT I. Of GEOGRAPHICAL Definitions 1. THE Globe of the Earth is a Spherical Body composed of Earth and Water and is divided into Continents Islands and Seas 2. A Continent is a great Quantity of Land not separated interlaced or divided by the Sea wherein are Kingdoms Principalities and Nations as EUROPE ASIA and AFRICA are one Continent and AMERICA is another 3. An Island is such a part of the Earth that is environed round with Water on every Side as the Isle of Great Britain Java Wight c. 4. A Peninsula is such a Tract of Land which being almost cut off from the Main Land and encompassed round with Water yet nevertheless is joyned unto the firm Land by some little Isthmus as Peloponesus Peruviana Taurica Cymtryca and Morea in the Levant 5. An Isthmus is a little narrow Neck of Land which joyneth the Peninsula unto the Continent 6. A Promontory is some high Mountain which shooteth it self into the Sea the utmost end of which is called a Cape as Cape-boon Esperance Cape d'Verde and Cape d'Coquibocao 7. The Ocean is a general Collection of Waters which environeth the World on every side and produceth Seas Straits Bays Lakes and Rivers Of which and other Waters Ovid thus speaks in his Metamorphosis Tum Freta diffudīt rapidisque tumescere ventis Jussit ambitae circundare littora terrae He spread the Seas which then he did command To swell with Winds and compass round the Land. 8. The Sea is part of the Ocean to which we cannot come but through some Strait as the Mediterranean or Baltick Sea. 9. A Strait is a part of the Ocean restrained within narrow bounds yet openeth a way to the Sea as the Straits of Gibralter Helespont c 10. A Creek is a crooked Shoar thrusting as it were two Armes forth to hold the Sea as the Adriatick Persian and Corinthian Creeks from whence are produced Rivers Brooks and Fountains which are engendred of Congealed Air in the Earths Concavity and seconded by Sea-water creeping through the hidden Cranies of the Earth 11. A Bay is a great Inlet of Land as the Bay of Mexico and Biscay 12. A Gulph is a greater Inlet of Land and deeper than a Bay as the Gulph of Venice and Florida 13. A Climate is a certain space of Earth and Sea included within the space of two Parallels and there have been anciently accounted these seven viz. 1. Dia Meros 2. Dia Syenes 3. Dia Alexandria 4. Dia Rhodes 5. Dia Rhomes 6. Dia Boristhenes and 7. Dia Ripheos 14. A Zone is a certain space of Earth contained betwixt certain Circles of the Sphere of which there are five viz. The Torrid or Burning Zone two Temperate and two Frigid or Frozen Zones The Torrid Zone is that which lieth on each side the Equinoctial whose bounds are the two Tropicks of ♋ and ♑ The two Temperate Zones are those which lieth betwixt the two Tropicks of ♋ and ♑ and the Palar Circles

not very fruitfull The Inhabitants are dull and slothfull it hath had thirty Dukes and Earls it is a place of Natural strength its Revenues is yearly 1000000 of Crowns The order of Knighthood is that of Anunciado instituted 1480 their Coller hath 50 links to shew the Mystery of the Virgin appendent to it is her Effigies and instead of a Motto these Letters F. E. R. T. i. e. Fortitudo ejus Rhodum tenuit which is engraven on each link of the Chain interwoven like a True-lovers-knot The Number fourteen besides the Duke Soveraign of the Order their Arms are G. a Cross A. Geneva was a City of the Dukedom of Savoy but now a free State having both cast off the Duke and his Holiness the Pope with all the Clergy They are now Calvanist Protestants their Government Presbyterial their Language the worst of French they are an industrious People and good Merchants Wallisland reacheth from the Mount De Burken to the Town of St. Maurice where the Hills do shut up the Valleys so that a Bridge is lain from one Hill to 'tother under which passeth the River Rosue which Bridge is defended by a Castle and two strong Gates on the other side 't is surrounded with steep and horrid Mountains covered with a Crust of Ice not passable by Armies the Inhabitants are courteous to Strangers but unnatural to each other they are of the Romish Religion and subject to the Bishop of Sion the Deputies of the seven Resorts have voices in his Election and joyn with him in Diets for chusing Magistrates desiding Grievancies and determining matters of State. The Valleys of this Countrey is very fruitfull in Saffron Corn Wine and Delicate Fruits they have a Fountain of Salt many hot Baths and Spaw-Waters they have plenty of Cattle with a wild Stag footed as a Goat and horned as a fallow Deer who in Summer is blind with heat Switzerland is bounded East with the Grisons West with Mount-Jove and the Lake of Geneva North with Suevia and South with Wallisland and part of the Alps this Land is a very Mountainous Countrey but yet hath some rich Meddows It is 240 in length and 180 Miles in breadth the Inhabitants are rich but rugged like their Soyl good Souldiers they are some Papists and some Protestants others Zwinglians yet have they toleration under a Popular Government The Countrey of the Grisons is bounded East with Tyrol North with Switzerland South with Suevia Switzerland and Lumbardy it is a very Mountainous and Barren Land their Religion Protestant their Government Popular there are in this Alpin Provinces two Archbishops and thirteen Bishops It s chief Cities are Turin Geneva Basil and Zurich in all of which are Universities France is bounded East with Germany and South and East with the Mediterranean Seas and Alps North with the British Seas It hath been esteemed the worthiest Kingdom in Christendom it yields plenty of Grains and Wines wherewith it supporteth other Lands it consisteth of many great Dukedoms and Provinces It hath great and mighty Cities the People are Ingenious and good Warriers the Government is Monarchial their Religion Popish but intermixt with Protestants which of late hath endured grievous Persecutions Their Orders of Knighthood are that of St. Michael instituted 1409 consisting of 300 Persons their Habit is a long Cloak of White Damask down to the Ground with a Border interwoven with Cockleshels of Gold interlaced and furred with Ermins with a Hood of Crimson-velvet and a long Tippit about their Necks and a Coller woven with Cockleshells with this Motto Immensitremor Oceani to it hangs appendent the Effigies of St. Michael conquering the Dragon Their Seat is St. Michael's Mount in Normandy 2dly the Order of the Holy Ghost instituted 1579 so that whosoever was admitted to the Order of St. Michael must and was first dignified with this proving their Nobility by three Descents and be bound by Oath to maintain the Romish Religion and persecute all Dissenters thereunto Their Robe is a Black Velvet Mantle portrayed with Lillies and Flames of Gold the Coller of Flower-de-Luces and Flowers of Gold with a Dove and Cross appendent to it The Arms of France are Azure three Flower-de-Luces Or It hath seventeen Archbishops 107 Bishops 132000 Parishes and hath these Magnisicent Cities viz. Amiens Rouen Paris Troys Nants Orleans Diion Lyons Burdeaux Toulose Marsailles Grenoble and Anverse the Rivers of most Note are the Loyre Garone Rhone and the Seyne The Pirenean-hills lyeth betwixt France and Spain and are two Potent Kingdoms esteemed 240 Miles long the People are barbarous and scarce of no Religion at all Spain is separated from France by the Pirenean-hills on all other sides environed with the Sea this Land yieldeth all sorts of Wine Oyl Sugars Grains Metals as Gold and Silver and it is Fertile the Inhabitants are Ambitious Proud Superstitious Hypocrites and Lascivious yet good Souldiers by enduring Hunger Thirst Labour c. It containeth divers Kingdoms 1. Goths 2. Navars it hath had 41 Kings Their Arms are Gules a Carbuncle Nowed Or their Order of Knighthood was of the Lilly their Blazon a Pot of Lillys with the Effigies of the Virgin on it their Duty is to defend the Faith and daily to repeat a certain Number of Ave-Maries 3dly Biscay and Empascon hath had nineteen Lords their Arms Argent two Wolves Sable each in his Mouth a Lamb of the second 4ly Leon and Oviedo hath had thirty Kings the Arms Argent a Lion Passant crowned Or. 5ly Galicia hath had ten Kings the Arms Azure Sema of Cressels siched a Chalice crowned Or. 6ly Corduva hath had twenty Kings the Arms Or a Lion Gules armed and crowned of the first a Border Azure charged with eight Towers Argent 7ly Granado hath had twenty Kings the Arms Or a Pomgranet slipped Vert. 8ly Marcia 9ly Tolledo hath had eleven Morish Kings Ioly Castile hath had twenty Kings the Order of Mercia is his chief Order here the Armes is a Cross Argent and four Beads Gules in a Field Or their Habit white the Rule of their Order that of St. Augustine they are to redeem Captives from Turky 11ly Portugal the Native soyl of the most serene Catharine Queen Dowager hath had 21 Kings the Orders of Knight here is first Avis wearing a Green Cross 2dly of Christ instituted 1321 their Robe is a black Cassock under a white Surcoat with a Red Cross hanging in the midst a white Line and their Duty is to expell Mores out of Boetica the Arms are Argent on five Escucheons Azure as many Befants in saltire of the first pointed Sable within a powder Gules charged with seven Towers Or. 12ly Majorica hath had four Kings 13ly Arragon hath had twenty Kings their Order of Knighthood is of Mintesa their Robe a red Cross on their Breast the Arms Or four Pallets Gules all which Kingdoms are now united into one Monarchy under the King of Spain their Religion Popish the King is not

rich by reason of his great Expences to keep his Dominions in which are eleven Archbishops and 52 Bishops and hath these most notable Cities viz. Toledo Madrid Leon Fax Siville Grenado Mursy Saragosa Bracelon Pamphelune Bilbo Priede St. James of Compostella and Lesbone and Rivers famous are the Dower Tagus Gadian and Guadalguinr Great Britain consisteth of England and Scotland and is the Biggest Isle in EUROPE and the Glory thereof it is a temperate Soyl a sound Air and yieldeth all manner of good things 't is environed all round with the Seas I shall begin first with England England hath many pleasant Rivers well stored with Fish excellent Havens commodious Mines of Silver Lead Iron and Tinn abundance of Woods good Timber plentifull in Cattle good Wool of which is made fine Cloath which serves not only themselves but vended into other Countreys the chief City is London in which are two of the Wonders of the World viz. the Monument and Bridge over the Thames the People are brave Warriers both by Sea and Land as Europe has felt and can testifie to their Grief they are learned in all manner of noble Sciences the Order of Knighthood is that of St. George or the Garter there are 26 Knights of it whereof the King is the Soveraign their Ensign is a blue Garter buckled on the left Leg with this Motto Hony Soit Qui Mall 〈…〉 Pense and about their Necks they do wear a blue Ribbon at the End of which hangs the Image of St. George upon which day this Order is Celebrated secondly of the Bath instituted 1009 they use to be Created at the Coronation of Kings and Queens and at the Enstalling of the Prince of Wales The Knights thereof distinguished by a red Ribbon which they wear about their Necks their Duty is to defend Religion Widows Maids and Orphans with the Kings right Thirdly of Barronets and Hereditary Honour the Arms are Mars three Lions Passant Gardant Sol their Religion is the Protestant they have two Archbishops and twenty Bishops The length of England is 320 and breadth 250 Miles it hath 857 famous Bridges 325 Rivers it 's defended and invironed with Turbulent Seas guarded by unaccessible Cleves and Rocks and defended by a strong and Puissant Navy so that of it may well be said Insula praedives que toto vix eget Orbe Et cujus totus indiget Orbis ope Insula praedives cujus miretur optet Delicias Solomon octavianus opes It s chief Cities are London York Bristol and Rivers are the Thames Severn Humber and the Ouze Wales is bounded on all sides with the Sea except towards England on the East it is a barren and mountainous Countrey It s chief Commodities are their Freeze and Cottons The Inhabitants are faithfull in their promises to all men but yet much enclined to Choler and subject to Passion which Aristotle calleth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 It contains 14 Shires 13 Forests 36 Parks 230 Rivers and 1016 Parishes They are so resolute and valiant saith Henry III. writing to Emanuel then Emperour of Constantinople That they dare encounter Naked with armed Men being ready to spend their Blood for their Countrey and pawn their Life for Praise They are Protestants and have four Bishops but no Towns of Note Scotland is the Northern part of Britain environed all round with the Sea unless where it is joyned to England Polydore saith it is 480 in length and 60 miles in breadth divided into Highlands and Lowlands the Highlands are Irish-Scots and the Lowlands English-Scots It is not so fruitfull as England the chief City is Edenbrough Its Commodities is course Wool and Cloth Malt Hides and Fish. The Order of Knighthood is that of St. Andrew the Knights did wear about their Necks a Coller interlaced with Thistles with the Picture of St. Andrew appendant thereunto having this Motto Nemo me impune lacessit 2. Of Nova Scotia instituted by King James Anno 1622 hereditary the Knight hereof distinguished by a Ribbond of Orange-tawny The Arms of Scotland is Sol a Lion Rampant Mars within a double Tressure counterflowered they are Protestants and have 2 Archbishops and 12 Bishops The Cities most Famous are Edenbrough Sterlin Aberdeen and St. Andrews and they have the Famous Rivers Tay and Tweed Ireland is on all sides environed round with the Irish Seas and St. Georges Channel In length is 300 and breadth 120 miles The Natives are strong and nimble haughty careless hardy bearing cold and hunger with patience and in a word if they are bad you shall neve● find worse but if good scarcely find better The Wild Irish have a custom to kneel down to the New Moon praying it to leave them in as good health as it found them They received the Christian Faith 435. The Soil is fruitfull and it hath good Pasture yet full of Boggs and Woods and multitude of Fowls and in it will dwell no venomous Creature The Revenues yearly have been 40000 li. The Air is Temperate cooler in Summer and hotter in the Winter than in England Their Arms are Azure an Harp or stringed Argent they are some Protestants and Papists mixt they have 4 Archbishops and 19 Bishops the chief City is Dublin The Islands belonging to Great Britain are 1. Wight the place where I first drew my Breath and the Land of my Nativity 2. Surlings 3. Garnsey 4. Jersey 5. Anglesey 6. Man 7. Hebrides 8. Orcades 9. Portland 10. Sunderland 11. Holy Island And thus I have done with the British Empire all these Parts described belong to it and are under the Royal Sceptre of his Sacred Majesty JAMES the Second whom God long preserve Thus I have finished the description of Great Britain having this only to say Quae Deus conjunxit nemo separet Belgia or the Low Countreys consisteth of several wealthy Provinces viz. The Dukedom of Brabant Guelderland Lymburge Flanders Artois Henault Holland Zeland Mamen Zukfen the Marquisate of the Holy Empire Freezeland Michlen Ouserisen and Graving All which Lands are very fertile and populous having 208 Cities and 6300 Villages with Parish-Churches Castles and Forts and is watered with the Rhine and the Mose the Mara and the Sheld It hath commodious Havens the Inhabitants are brave Warriours good Mechanicks their chief Commodity is Rhenish Wine Linnen and Woollen Cloth Camericks Lace of Gold and Silver Silk Taffatys Velvet Grogerams and Sayes all manner of Twined threds refined Sugars Buff Ox-hides Spanish-leather Pictures Books Cables Ropes and Herrings Now Belgia is bounded East with Westphalen Gulick Cleve and the Isle of Triers West with the Main Ocean North with the River Ems and South with Picardy and Champagne The People are of the reformed Religion all except Flaunders and Artoise and they have the Popish Tenents here are three Archbishops and fifteen Bishops The Order of Knighthood is that of the Golden Fleece instituted 1439. their Habit is a Coller of Gold interlaced with Iron Or.