grounde much lyke the cituasioÌ„ of Venis from whence he taketh his name For although it be builded in water yet is the foundacion very strong sure The sea entreth into it by two great and large armes that any shyp ful fraited may sayle with her burden into eyther of them After the incarnacion of Christ 1307. this city was wonderfullye afflicted 〈◊〉 â—â—râ—full 〈◊〉 not of 〈◊〉 â—â—ard of and almost vtterly ruined by a fyre that fell from heauen For when the lyghtnyng had taken hold of the houses it miserably burnt broyled as well the people as their goodes There perished in this pitifull flame xvi hundred men But moste part of the wemen with an innumerable sort of maydes conueyed them selues with their substauÌ„ce children abourd such shyps as lay in their hauens with theÌ„ not a few men Notwythstandyng A thousand and syxâ— hundred menne 〈◊〉 before they could depart the whole multitude fleing from the peryl of present death violently imbarked them selues with the rest hauing no regard to their common calamity dyd ouer charge theyr shyps in such sort that the waters deuoured them both Such as wyth great hope hasard A wonderful and a laâ—â—â—ntable â—haunce escaped the hatefull death of burning here ended their lyues with the vnlucky chaunce of drowning An example to the worlde no les worthy to be noted then it is of al men to be pitied Thys country of Swecia is ful of Marchandrise for strauÌ„gers for their own necessaries they haue inough to make exchaunge with others They haue also great store of precious furres mettals The hye MouÌ„taines of Norway Denmarke are playnly and perfecly sene of them A greate Kynd of curâ—â—â—y It is for a trothe reported that the inhabitants of Swecia haue a wonderful kinde of curtyse entertainment wyth them For they account hym an euyl naughtye man that denyeth to the straunger lodgyng so that contencion strife doth often chauÌ„ce among them who Wall first receaue the traueler into hys house Where as they pay neither for meate nor drinke And besides this In Swedland the traueler pâ—ieth not for â—â—â—vytails but in corporate townes they wyll guyde their Gest to hys next bayght lendyng hym horse and other necessaries for the quicker dispatch of hys iourney What greater honour can one do to his country then in vsyng a straunger friendly The people of Swecia are many of strength armes mighty both on horsebacke a foote In battel bold and valiant eyther on the land or the sea The Dukedome of Angermani conteineth the North partes to the confines of Laponie whose country is full of great woods and large Forestes where their chiefe wylde beastes are hunted The Dukedome of Midelpathus occupieth the south of Angermani after whom lyeth the Dukedomes of Helsingia Gesâ—ritia Firingia Vpsalia their Metrapolitane city the Dukedome of Coperdalia where ther is a valley that groweth ful of Copper A valley that groweth ful of Coppet also Dalecarlia a people strong mighty in armes The Dukedome of Vplandia which hath all hys Countrye with mynes of Siluer Copper Steele Vplandia rytche of al mettals They haue a notable city called Nicopia strongly fortified wyth hye walles great Bulwarkes Kolinolnemus deuideth Swecia from Gothelande by the Poole that stretcheth out a longe from Nicopia ¶ Of the Kynges of Swecia TO seeke the fyrst spryng and originall of the SweciaÌ„s my labour should be no les therin theÌ„ an endles trauel I thinke it as vn possible for others to finde as myselfe both for others to finde as my selfe both for the antiquiti of their name and also the auncient state continuaunce of their raigne Notwythstanding that whych passed tyme hath coÌ„mitted to the report of letters which of al auctorities is accounted ol best I haue here briefly collected 〈◊〉 were 〈…〉 lande 〈…〉 â—â—ich 〈◊〉 Long time past and long before the natiuity of Christ Sichtrug as saithe Saxus Gramaticus reigned kyng of Swecia tyl such time as Gram kyng of Denmarke dyd ouercome and kyl Sichtrug in battel whereby the Swecians were made for a whyle subiectes to the Danes Then Swiddager kyng of Norway expulsed and draue fourthe Grame bothe out of Denmarke and Swecia 〈…〉 by whyche meanes he brought all three kyngdomes vnder one crowne Suche alteracion and ouerthrowes of Princes as our Elders haue seene them so we in our daies haue felt the profe of them For when for tune is disposed to daly with Princes The â—â—unâ—â—â—â—us â—â—aâ—â—â—◠〈◊〉 â—or 〈◊〉 she maketh theyr seat so much the hygher that theyr fall in the ende maye be the greater After Swiddager succeeded hys sonne Hasmond in the kyngdomes of Swecia Norway Vffo after Hasmond and Hindin after Vffo Hynding succeded Hindin and after his death he left the crowne of Swecia to his sonne Hothrod Who whilst he striued to amplefy enlarge hys kyngdome lost both it hys lyfe Whereby a way was made for the Danes to the crowne of Swecia But Atisle Nother the sonnes of Hothrod consideryng the straight tribute of the Danes recouered for a small tyme enioyed the crowne after their Fathers death For Rolfe kyng of Denmarke inuaded Swecia and slew Atisse in battel He tooke the Regall name of a king from them and would in no wise haue them beare any Princely dignitye but to remayne subiectes onely to the crowne of Denmarke Tyll such tyme as Hiartur a noble man borne of Swecia dyd so enter into the fauour and grace of Rolfe Swecia is made a â—â—â—butary â—â—â—tenant sâ—yâ— that he graunted them the title of a Lieftenant appointing therwithal a yerely tribute to be payd And because he wold be the more assured of hys fidelity he gaue hym his syster in mariage The iestes doynges of Swecia remayned in thys state but a whyle For Hiartur dyd cut of the heade of Rolfe he againe of the Danes was polde by the same Barber Then Mother the brother of Atisse whoÌ„ Rolfe dyd kyll seyng the Regall seate voyde of a kyng dyd wyn the Nobilities fauour so muche that they possest him wyth the same and also they made it easye for hym to brynge in subiection the kyngdome of Denmarke Denmarke subiect to the crowne of Swecia whych he dyd But as wyth small trauel lytle tyme he obtayned it so wyth inconstancy and lightnes of minde in les whyle he lost it For Baldar dyd driue hym out of Denmarke Not long after Mother was slayn in battel where vpon the Nobility beyng weary loathyng the yoke of the Danes dyd make Atisse one of the bloude Royal kyng Thus passed their state for a tyme wher in no notable thyng is founde to be done amonge the Swecians wether the Danes to them or they to Danes were subiectes But as by histories it is certaynlye knowen that aboute the time of Augustus Cesar Alric was kinge of Swecia who was slayne
by Eric a man of wyt excellent of toung eloquent of handes ready valiaunt who vanquished Alric and raygned kynge after hym Thys was the same tyme that Christe descended from heauen tooke vpon hym our mortal nature At 〈◊〉 tyme Christ descended oute of heauen Haldan the sonne of Eric succeeded hys father in the kyndome of Swecia who was slayne and hys sonne Siward as heyre to his father possest the crown Then Eric the sonne of Siwardes doughter and the sonne of Froto kyng of Denmarke dyd both step in for the kyngdome Betwene 2. stooles the â—â—â—le goeth 〈…〉 ground but they ended theyr raygne by mutual battell Haldane the second did get into the Regall seate a man onely geuen to the warres regarding neither the maryage of wyfe nor the gettyng of chyldren esteming more the field conquest then the bed victory rather delighting in the bloudy dedes of Mars then in the pleasaunt pastimes of Venus not wythstandyng he apoynted who should weare the crowne after hym which was Vngulnus He dyed left both Swecia and Denmarke vnder the gouernment of his sonne Siwald After whom Reignold and after Reignold Aluer one of the noblest men in Swecia successiuely raygned kynges Then Ingus the eldest of Aluers three sonnes dyd lawfullye succede hys father The kyngdome deuided betwen thee bretbreÌ„ But he deuidyng the Realme wyth hys brethren Olaue and Ingellus did onely reserue to him selfe the general decree of al lawes He was slayne with his brother Olaue in the Denmarke warres Ingellus by the victors consent enioyed the whole kingdome Ringus beyng yet but a chylde dyd raygne after hys father Ingellus and after hym Gotare who was slayne in battell agaynste the Danes whereby the crowne of Swecia came to Iarmeric kyng of Denmarke Thys was aboute the yeare of Christe 380. at what tyme the Gothes that longe before were gone oute of Swecia and Gothia made great spoyle and wonderfully troubled the Romaynes both in Italye Spayne and Fraunce The Gothes which continually remained in theyr countrye dyd vnit and knyt them selues to the Swecians bothe in lawes and maners and euer synce haue bene subiectes to the Kynges of Swecia ¶ Who were Kynges of Swecia after Charles the great SInce the yearely histories and actes of Swecia from Iameric to Fro is vnknowen to me I am compelled to let slyp and ouer leape that tyme. Fro was kyng of Swecia when Lodowic the sonne of Charles the great Fro kyngs of Swedia was slayns by the wemen of Norway dyd syt in the Imperial seat of Rome Thys fro was slayne by the wemen of Norway And Herot chosen kyng in hys place which left the succession to Sorle whom Regner kyng of Denmarke ouercame in battell whereby the crowne came to Biorne the eldest sonne of Regner who after the trauel of a few yeares in Swecia gaue place to Fortune For Vnichsert the second sonne of Regner was chosen kyng for hys brother And after hym Eric the thirde sonne of Regner was apoynted to raygne in Swecia But Often a man nobly borne of the bloud royall of Swecia did oppres and ouerthrow Eric and tooke the gouernement and rule of hys natiue countrye into hys own handes Now the brethren of Eric both to reuenge his death and also to get their old regiment did so trouble and vexe the kyngdome of Osten that they brought the crowne to Sturbiorne Kynge Biorns sonne wyth whom Fortune dalyed but a whyle for he was lykewise ouercoÌ„med and driuen out of Swecia Olaue the first kyng that professed Christe iâ— Swedia was christâ—ned Iames the yeare of Christ 〈◊〉 by Eric sonne to Olaue cousin to Regner This man enioyed the crown wythout any let trouble or daunger who left the kyngdome to his sonne Olaue which quietly possest the same and was the first among the SweciaÌ„ kyngs that openly professed Christ He receyued the holye sacrament of Baptisme and was named Iames. There were manye in Swecia that longe before hys time did secretly professe the faith and tooke vpon them the holye order of Anscharius Thys was the yeare of Christ 1000 at such time as holy Hary was Emperour of Rome After Iames his brother Emonde borne of a harlot a Christian onely in name dyd succede to the crowne a man in marcial affaires nothing fortunate He left the kyngdome to Stinkell a very good Prince better worthy of the place then his predecessor for the Christian religion dyd greatlye increase in hys tyme. He pulde downe banished the Idolatry that the Vpsalieus did vse whereby he much honoured his country wan him selfe a fame perpeiuallye He also appointed the same place to be their Metrapolitane City About the yeare of Christ 1100. he yelded to nature her due What two â—riueth for the third eniâ—yâ—th after whose deathe twoo Erics not wythout great slaughter effucion of noble bloude contended for the crowne But Halsten sonne of kyng Stinkell vpon the vnlucky end of both these Erics who perished in battel as lawful heire possest the kyngdome from whence he was by rebellion driuen out agayne Animander chosen kyng in hys place Who for hys crueltye to religion with in a lytle while after was compeld to treade the steps of hys predecessor Aquine elected kyng in hys roume Then Magnus the sonne of Nicholas kyng of Denmarke by the helpe of the Gothes whych were wearye wyth their often chaunge in Swecia was made kyng The Gothâ—â— deuided â—â—om the â—wedians The Gothes deuiding them selues once more from the body of Swecia and gaping for an alteracion dyd trust that the Imperiall Crowne shoulde chaunce to hym whom they would assigne it to The Swecians beyng valiant of mynde would not beare so great an iniurye that their old auncient custome of chosyng their prince should be by any astred Wherfore they determined that their king should be elected and appointed at their pleasure They aduaunsed to the crowne one of their owne countrey and not onely not regarded but also despired the kyng which the Gothes had made The Gothes stubburnly and rebelliously resisting the decree and sentence of the Swecians dyd make ciuyll warres agaynst their newe kyng whom they dyd ouercome And because they would haue Magnus to raigne which was of the Gothes election they made the Imperiall seate voyde of a Ruler The Swecians anoyding domestical discencion internal hatred did condiscend and agre wyth the Gothes not by compulsion The Swedians sâ—the of ciuyll waâ—ris but by request that Magnus shoulde be kyng After whose death they generallye exalted Swercone to the kyngdome Who left a sonne named Charles that quietlye peaceably succeded his father al the tyme of Waldimar kyng of Denmarke to whose doughter he was maried After Charles reigned Eric who quietlye passed hys lyfe with the Danes was about the tyme of Christe 1249. Whose fate fortune beyng at an ende they made great variaunce discord with the kyng
to his expectacion he dyd wyth muche speede and lyttle gayne returne into Denmarke At length the Portes townes adioyning to the sea made this concord agrement betwene Eric and Engel bert Eric shuld be king on this coÌ„dicion A kyng vpoÌ„ condicions that no Danes but Swecians should beare office in their holdes their Cities shoulde keepe their olde liberties and their marchauntes their accustomed fraunches The kyng beyng resident in the country should receiue hys whole reuenewe and beyng absent but the one halfe These thynges agreed vpon he saild into Denmarke where the Danes takynge example of the Swecians prescribed certayne rules and orders which they would haue compelled their kyng to folow wherby much trouble happened in their country He therwithall wonderfully offended 〈◊〉 forsâ—oke hys kyngdome did gather together as much treasure as he might And swearing neuer more to medle wyth the troublesome state of a kyng dyd sayle into Prussia After whom Christopher Prince of Palatine Duke of Bauar consin to Eries sister was generallye chosen by the chiefe Rulers of the three kingdomes Whereby they thought to haue prouided a great tranquilitie and quietnes to their Marchauntes This man altered nothyng in Swecia tyl such tyme as not contented with his owne prosperitye he began to enuy their countrye And then he heaped vp al the treasure of the kingdome as wel that which was gathered of many yeres before as his own and sent it away by the sea After whose death the Swecians would ioyne their kingdome no more with the Danes The Swecians refuse to be knyt wyth the Danes but with a muche better wyl dyd chuse to their kyng Charles Canutus one of their owne a worthy Ientleman nobly borne of the old auncient bloud of the kinges of Gothea and Swecia He scant had finished .vii. yeares in his raigne when he began to ware very greuous couetous in all thinges Peruers counsel bredeâ—â— contemple to the Prince altring his noble nature from vpright Iustice to seuere cruel punishment accounting his wyl in eche decree to be a law which caused hys faythfull louyng subiectes to reuolt and turne from hym When he perceiued that they sweld so agaynst hym suche thinges as he had before his election he gathered together and placing the treasure of the crowne in a sure hold imbarked him selfe and went to Gedamus When the kyng was crosse saild and wanting nothing for hys departure but onely waying of Ancker one of his noble men demaunded of hym it he had not left something a shore vndone This is not sounde in Mounster but ye shall reâ—deâ—â— in the history of the Bâ—thes whych he would haue executed To whom the Kyng with a great sygh answered Yes verelye I haue neglected longe tyme synce the executyng of thee and thy lyke which yf I had then done I had nowe quietlye remayned in the common wealth Then Christiern whom the Danes and Norwayse had elected for their Kyng was called into the kingdom to be crowned whereby the thre kyngly titles did ioyne agayne in one Not long after the Swecians did moue iust rebellion agaynst kyng Christiern because he kepte not promise with them nor did not wisely obserue those thinges he had taken in hand The kyng therfore the .7 yeare of his raygne the yeare of Christ .1469 dyd enter with cruel battel into the couÌ„try of Swecia wher as the inhabitantes being knit together did easely resist him Notwithstanding thys repulse he had .2 Castels in the Country that wonderfully vexed troubled the Swecians Afterwarde the Kyng entryng agayne wyth an army into Swecia could doo no good for hym selfe nor damage to his enemye for the strayghte passage of the mountaynes In the meane season Charles Canutus that was Kyng of Swecia dyed in whose place they chose Steno one of theyr worthy Captaynes The Swecians chuse Steno to be gouernour to whoÌ„ thef giue the auctoâ—iâ—ye of a kynge but not the name to whom they gaue the authority of a Kyng but not the name He myght call commaund all the Swecian Princes and Rulers to anye affayres about the Realme suche one whom the Germaynes name a Marshal the FrenchmeÌ„ a Constable the Romaynes a Mayster of the Horse In great reuerence and estimacion was thy Steno among the Swecians For they accounted hym as well worthy of the crowne as any of his predecessors which they not seldom tymes offered hym wyth the name of a Kyng but he continually refused it Iohn the sonne of Christiern â—ohn kyng of DeÌ„mark 〈◊〉 gape for the crowne 〈◊〉 â—â—ecia beyng placed successor in both the kingdomes of Demnarke Norway dyd also gape for the crowne of Swecia Whose expectacion they lykewise had satisfied if he would haue bene bound as the rest of his predecessors were to the obseruances of al their old lawes and customes whych he refused vnles he myght haue it wyth the franke auctority of a Prince Many yeares passed whilst the affayres of Swecia remayned in thys state and chiefe lye because theyr protector was of such Iustice that the people had no desyre to a Kyng Now Iohn the sonne of Christiern gatheryng together an excedyng great and myghty army â—ohn kyng of DeÌ„mark dothe vanquysh Swecia did lead them into Swecia Where after many bloudy battels he conquered the Country Not long after when the Kyng was busyed about the determinacions and apoyntmentes of hys doynges ther rose a rumir among the people how easely they myght recouer theyr liberty The kyng beyng so busely occupyed aboute the establyshyng of his own estate But he perceiuyng theyr murmuryng myndes dyd leaue hys wyfe wyth a Garyson in the Castel of Stockholme priuely departed out of the Country The Quene thus left the Swecians did besiege the Castel â—â—â—ng ThoÌ„s 〈◊〉 is alâ—â—â—st â— yere 〈◊〉 Nâ—nste wherein she was at lengthe by the extremity of famyne hungar she yelded and went to the Monastery of saynt Brydget from whence she was after the space almost of two yeares delyuered by Raymond Legat of Rome In the meane tyme kyng Iohn dyd leny a huge army to cary into Swecia where he hauyng many friendes whych sent hym word eyther to bryng fifty thousand men or els his trauel should be in vayne Notwithstandinge he attempted thys warre Fyfty thousand Danes go into swecia and preuayle not wherein he litle preuayled hauing his sonne Christiern a soldiour wyth hym After the trauel of a smal tyme in these doutful doynges he dyed and lefte Christiern hys sonne in hys place ¶ The tragicall hystorye and tiranicall doynges of the second Christiern king of Denmarke CHristiern the second king of DeÌ„marke son to Iohn dyd plainly demoÌ„strate in his youth where vnto he would be chiefely addicted in his age For beyng a soldiour vnder his Father in the Swecian warres he vsed hym selfe verye fierce and cruel in peace at home double deceitfull
fled into Scondia He also besieged Stockholme wherein there was no men left Prince Goâ—â—â—ue besâ—â—â—â—â—h Stoâ—kâ—oâ—â— but onely the Garison of Christiern The wynnyng of thys City was very daungerons to be attempted by assault the place the situacion artificiall strength of the towne resistyng them Notwithstanding the vertue myght and polecy of the Captayn was such that they forceably wan it by assault dyd enter into it The City thus taken the valiaunt Prince Gostaue dyd prudently consider that al thinges was at a good point the warres in euery place ended the whole Realme voyde of theyr enemyes to be at quiet therefore he did very honorably worthely reward his soldiours The wars ended Gostaue magnificentlye rewardeth his Soldiours euery one with ample large gyftes according to his good seruice This done he opened the seas agayne made safe and sure nauigacion for all Saylers ¶ The most noble magnificent and vertuous Prince Gostaue the onely deliuerer of his Country from al cruel bondage vyle seruitude and misery is worthely elected Kyng FOr the great goodnes that the most valiant By Prince Gostaues vertue he liâ—ected hys Country victorious triumphaunt Gostaue Erichson dyd by incredible trauayle wyth great trouble of mynde and paynfull labour of body bryng to hys country and because he valiantly had reuenged the cruel wronges and horrible iniuries where in his Country men were most miserably wrapped The Rulers of the kyngdome that yet remayned whose happy lyues had not tasted the terrible torments vehement furies of Christiern Gostaue is crowned Kynge of Swedland Gothlande Fynland He is kyng by successioÌ„ 〈◊〉 election By right he is horne to the crowne and al the whole countries of Swecia Gothland with one voyce one consent both by right deserte dyd crowne hym kyng And generally wyth glad mindes ioyfull hartes they gaue him the Imperial sword as one whose noble actes had worthely merited both by succession election the regal place of his predecessors By ryght he was lawfull kyng no lesse nobly borne in birth then valiaunt magnificent in dede Of no baser bloud then his haught attemptes witnessed Of no meaner parentage then hys honorable doinges declared of no lower race then his princely vertues shewed By desertâ— be boughtâ— the crowne By desert he dearelye bought the kyngdome For he deliuered them from the most bitter bondage vyle thraldome of theyr cruel enemyes he assured their lyues from those that wold haue murdred them He restored their auncient fame from those that had disfamed them He liberted their Cities The pleasures he did to his country from those that had disfrauÌ„ched them He garded their goods from those that would haue spoyled them and finallye he saued them from domestical peril and also defended them from outward daunger This prudent Prince by his wysdome power polecy with an inuincible mynde for the reuenge restoring of his Country Nature made hym his vertues cald hym fortune plâ—â—ed hym in â—â—e râ—gall estate passed through a thousand perils sometymes on the rough ragged rockes of the Danes tiranny sometimes almost swaloed vp with the deuouring sandes of enuy before he could attayne to the royall typ of his apointed estate For the which Nature at the first had made him vertue had cald him fortune had in the end brought him Now al those that wylled wel to their Country preferring honorable concord before ciuill discencion regarding publicke vtilitye more then common spoile The description of hopâ— losts ouerthrowers of Common wealthes and vnlesse it were suche that were enemyes to rest quietnes foes to the good friendes to the euyll greedy catchers of other mens lyuinges prodigal wasters of their own sowers of sedicion reapers of disceÌ„cion styrrers and mouers to al stryfe mischiefe as no common welth is cleare without some of them excepte these hop lostes not one but greatly dyd reioyce made their humble prayers to God They pray for the continuance of hys raygne That his Maiesty might long raygne among theÌ„ at home with euerlasting peace and tranquislity abroade against hys their enemies with great conquest victorye chiefly that his princely person myght be sure in both Wyshing hys lyfe so to shyne in prudent vertue that he myght be a myrrour lyuely example to al mighty Kynges rulers whereby he should for euer be worthely saluted wyth the swift thundring truÌ„pe of fame reported for the best happiest After this triumphant maner the noble king Gostaue receiued the crowne of Swetheland Gothland Finland With what pâ—â—â—â—â—ce Gostâ—ue â—uâ—eâ—d his country Which Regimentes he did gouerne by such politik wisdome and princelye prouidence that ioyning wyth hys regal auctority great and laudable vertues he euer mayntayned and norished aboue al thynges peace loue and concord â—â—s sâ—diâ—ion â—â—â—â—â—ly pâ—â—â—â—â—â— Not withstanding the Sucalandes a few yeres past dyd a lytle trouble vexe the country Which sedicion was by his prudent wysedome so prouided for and by hys diligent industry so pecified that they floryshed wyth happy peace desired trâ—nquisity The ioyneth godly wyse 〈◊〉 learned 〈◊〉 to hym To the confirmyng and luculently estably Kyng whereof was chosen certayne men both godly wyse and worthye whose graue counsels the Kyng dyd cal to his kyngdome wyth great loue and fauour Namely George Norman George nor maÌ„ Oliuer Holmens and Oliuer HolmeÌ„s both singulerly wel learned The first for hys noble giftes of the mynde wherein he dyd excel and also for his godly knowledge in the scriptures he was made Tutor and Scolemaister to the most princely and valiant Eric now Kyng of Swecia George Nor man Tutor to pâ—ince Eric â—owe king of swedia and to Duke Iohn his brethee to Duke Iohn hys Brother And moreouer for hys great experience and excellency of wyt was elected one of King Gostaues priuy counsel The other named Oliuer HolmeÌ„s besyde lys sincere and perfecte vnderstandyng of the sacred scriptures and also his knowledge of other notable histories was an expert and rethoricall Preacher These two wyth others their lyke dyd the King chose to be the principall members of hys kyngdome Gostaue did prosper with gloryoâ—s fame Whose raigne could not by any meanes decay but prosper with glorious fame hauyng suche graue Counsellers to enstruct hys doynges and preparyng suche instrumentes for the maintenaunce of hys regal estate What expectacion was to be looked for in those tender and youthfull yeares of the most noble Eric that yet were vnperfect not onely hys princely and vertuous redynes which as then by report began to bud out but also the good education and learned enstruction of his Tutor Occasion why there was good greet hope of the noble Prince Eâ—â—â— he beyng endued and brought vp in lyke condicion and lyke inclinacion wyth hym myght brynge thys doubt
¶ The Description of Swedland Gotland and Finland the auncient estate of theyr Kynges the moste horrible and incredible tiranny of the second Christiern kyng of Denmarke agaynst the Swecians the poleticke attaynyng to the Crowne of Gostaue wyth hys prudent prouidyng for the same Collected and gathered out of sundry laten Aucthors but chieflye out of Sebastian Mounster By George North. ¶ Set forth accordyng to the order in the Quenes Maiesties Iniunction ¶ Imprinted at London by Iohn Awdely dwelling in litle Britaine Streete by great S. Bartelmewes Anno .1561 The .28 of October ¶ To the ryght woorshypfull and hys synguler good Mayster Mayster Thomas Steuckley Esquire hys obedidient seruaunt George North wysheth prosperous health wyth encrease of muche worship AL auÌ„cient Historiographers my singuler good Mayster for theyr difficult trauayl merite most hye laud whose famous woorkes reueleth to our memory the secrete doinges of tyme past and also bewrayeth to tyme present the vnknowen actes of oure Elders For although by the course of Nature their bodies are kylled yet lyueth theyr good or euyll deedes in the euerlastyng report of letters Amonge these none deserueth more praise nor worthy of more veneracion then the most noble writer Sebastian MouÌ„ster whose large labour greatlye surmounteth the doynges of any other Thys Mounster both compendiously briefely and yet eloquently and truly entreateth not onely of one hys own natural soyle but generally of al Nacions the situacion of their Countries the maners of theyr people wyth the ryghtes and vsages of their Princes In whose volume it was my fortune to reade the description of Swedlande Gothland Finland And findyng these Countries to be so large and fruitefull theyr Kynges so noble and auncient theyr people so mighty and valiaunt Consideryng the vertue of Princes to be a myrrour to looke on their vices a terrour to thynke on also for that swyft Fame hath published the reporte of these people vnto vs I thoughte meete to reduce the same hystorye into our vulgare tounge thoughe not so copiouslye and eloquentlye as any learned myght haue done The situacion and naturall lying of theyr great and large Countries the rytches fertillitye and fruitfulnes of the same wyth theyr noble notable Cities I haue briefly ouerpassed The old estate and auncient raygne of theyr Kinges with theyr diuers and sundrye alteracions sometyme by the Danes sometyme by the Norwayes and sometyme by deuision among them selues I haue in few words collected But the horrible and cruel tyranny of the second Christiern kyng of Denmarke against the Swecians and hys iust reward for the same the poleticke attaining of King Gostaue to the crowne hys triumphant Coronacion hys prudent gouernyng with the vertuous prouidyng for the education learned instruction of the moste noble Eric nowe Kyng of Swecia I haue most amply declared Gathering the report hereof out of sundry Autthors as Iohn Magnus Archbishoppe of Vpsalen Saxus Grammaticus and Sebastian Mounster whose authoritye I haue chieflye folowed Proferynge the same to your worshyp as the fruites of my trauail in your absence acknowledging herewithal the remembraunce of my seruiceable deuty and good wil to your Mastership whose large ample benefites I haue not seldome tymes receyued with your fauorable goodnes not onely to me but also to euerye one whose nede you knew to want your reliefe More what friend remaynes vnrecompenceâ—â— any friendshyp towardes you What stayed hand hath wythdrawen any gyft of yours from him who desyred it and whom you thought worthy to receiue it Besydes these your liberalities your own trauel in foreyne straungenacions wyth the perfect vnderstandyng almost natural speakyng of theyr languages importeth you to be as trym a Courtier as you are knowen to be a worthy Soldiour I woulde dilate your seueral vertues but I feare to incurre your displeasure thereby whose eares enuieth the hearing of your own praise whose tounge thundreth oute the good fame of others Also some sclaunderous SicophaÌ„ts would saye my pen dyd flowe rather wyth affection and flattery then wyth troth and veritye But to suche as neuer learned to speake wel I answer that besides the part of a Seruaunt I haue wayed more your inward natural inclinacion then your outwarde franke doynges althoughe they are sufficient wytnesses wyth me of thys my reporte Most humblye desiryng you to accept in good part thys my vnlearned labor that I haue vnder the defence of your goodnes putin publycke prynt whyche if it bee thankfully taken may encourage me hereafter to attempt larger workes whereby I truste as well to profyt my Countrye as to content my selfe Wyshinge the prosperous successe of Fortune to cal you to your harts desyre wyth the fruitfull continuaunce of helth betwene you and my Mystres whose goodnes both I and myne haue ofteÌ„ tymes aboundauntly tasted to whom I wysh lyke prosperitye Whose mynde is frayted wyth a nomber of sober vertues Your bounde Seruaunt as I haue euer semed George North. ¶ The description of the most florishyng Countrye of Gothia or Gotlande wyth the auncient raygne of theyr noble Princes THys woord Gotlande in the Germaine toung doth interpretat a good grouÌ„d of good land And amongst the Northeast Regions thys Countrye of the Gothes is most fertylit It is also to be prereâ—â—ed before the rest for the aboundaunt yeldyng or all maner of fruites and honye and chiefelye for that it hathe suche goodly pastures whereby their cattel are fed both great and fat The fruitefulnesse of Gothâ—â— full of large Forestes with apt plesaunt Ryuers They haue great store of all maner of Merchaundies in euery place is found such plenty of vsual necessaries that their superfluities suffiseth to enterchaunge wyth others aboundyng with precious turres and mettanes but chiefely wyth Copper The Gothes the Swecians tyme out of mynde euen from the beginning or their beynge haue vnsted knyt themselues in leage amitye The â—â—thes 〈◊〉 the Sweâ—â—ns haue tyme out of â—â—nve bene vnder one Kyng both vnder one law and one King And also they haue apointed the confines boundes of both Countries to be as one kyngdome Yet haue they often tymes occasion being offered as those chaunces are wount sequestred deuided them selues the one from the other and eche nacion haue had their seueral king Notwithstanding their deuision was neuer certayne neyther dyd it longe remayne betwene them but that they were ioyned agayne with contented subiection vnder the aucthority and gouernment of one Prince At home neare hand agaynst their neighbours the Swecians haue euer preuayled Nerehâ—â—â—â— and against theyr neigh bours the Swecians haue euer stoorished but abroade the Gothâ—â— but abroade in far straunge Countries the glorye of the Gothes wyth their mighty and bloudy bartels by the report of Fame haue greatly exceded They wrestled of long tyme with the Romaynes being ouercommed they woulde for a while be quiet but attempting againe the doubtfull
hasard of battel they haue with great discomfiture and destruction of the Romaines suppressed ouerthrowen their mighty and almost inuincible armies Also not seldome times with equal victorye The gotheâ— sackt Rome they possen Italy they occupyed Fraunce made sure four daâ—â—â— in Spayne or litle losse they haue departed And at length treading downe ouercoÌ„ming their whole Empire they past through Italy where with great wast destruction they sacked Rome They possessed Italy no smal tyme they occupyed Fraunce and they grounded them selues so in Spayne that theyr chiefe Nobilitie dothe discende from them as the Romayne histories doth mencion Gothland boundeth wyth his Northe limites to the South of Swecia lyeth from the West to the mountaynes of Norway The noble cities of 〈◊〉 tâ—laÌ„d wyâ—â—â—â—s Duâ—â—â—omrs which are froÌ„ the lymites of Swecia to the mouth of the Riuer Trolheta froÌ„ the South and the East it ioyneth on the sea The townes cities of this Country be many and great Lodhusia a Porte towne wher great trafike is vsed Wald burgurbs hath a strong fayre Castel Halmstat Elsinburg LandskroÌ„ Calmaria with a goodly Castell Stegholm Suderco pia Norcopia Lidercopia a city that standes vpon the riuer of Vener Vasten Huetland .2 trymme townes Vestrogothia a Dukedom whose cities be Scaris and Varnem where are the Sepulchres graues of theyr auncient kyngs Ostrogothia a Dukedom whose cities be Schemingtâ— Lincopia where their byshops sea is Halladia Smalandia Tnischia Verindia Blechingia al Dukedomes Visby a City of the Gothes wher was wont to be their auncient famous Mart 〈◊〉 my aâ— by the 〈…〉 â—â—â—tes but now by the often incursions afflictions of the Denmarke and Mâ—scouite Pirates it is depopulated and left desarte The ruined monuments do yet apeare bearing wytnes of the floriâ—hing estate of the place Here was the fyrste certaine abiding building of the Gothes the whyche the Meotides dyd occupy There is at this present daye a goodly Castel a Monestary wherin is a brotherhod of the order of Saynt Benedic 〈◊〉 â—â—â—ary 〈◊〉 sun 〈◊〉 â—â—â—hurâ— hauynge a Librarye of â—000 Anethors old auncient Histories Out of thys Countrye and other the Northeast Regions doth come the rytch furres of noble Beastes chiefelye the costlye Sabels which are wonderfullye estemed They neuer hunt them but in the Wynter for then Nature makes their furre thickest and surest They haue an Ilande enuironed with the Sea 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 reported to be in length 28. Germayne myles it is greatlye adorned wyth fruitfulnes for hys fertillitie and plentiful abounding of al thinges it is called the Mother or norisher of Swecia ¶ Of the auncient Kynges of the Gothes Swecians after the aucthority of Iohn Magnus Archbishop of Vpsalen 〈…〉 â—ieâ—t 〈◊〉 â—f for 〈…〉 Agog nephew to Iaphet Noes sonne as witnesseth Ioseph in his firste booke of Antiquities the. 11. chapter was the father fouÌ„der of the Scithians was the firste that raygned kyng among the Scithians in that part of Europ that now is called Finland This Magog had 5. sonnes the eldest called Swenus Magogs Sonnâ—s from whom the Swecians recefued fyrst their proper name He succeded his father in the kyngdome And after him his second brother named Gother of som Gog raigned king After Gother Vbbo the third sonne of Magog was elected kyng whose raygne was after the flud .246 yeres Thys Vbbo long before the tyme of Abraham dyd build the city of Vpsalen which now is their Metrapolitan seat Vbo bylded Vpsalen be for the tyme of Abraham he dyed and was buryed in the same City After whose death Siggo attayned to the kyngdome and ruled wyth muche honour the terme of .65 yeres geuyng place to nature the .402 yere after the floud was buryed at Vpsalen Whylst Siggo raygned in Swecia The vertuâ—â—â— gouernment of the fyrst Eric Eric the fyrst was chosen Kyng in Gothia he gouerned with so muche Iustice as anye prince theÌ„ myght do he made lawes decrees such as the world then best myght beare Vertue did so gouern hys kyngly aucthority that many histories report him to be These names onelye remayne Vddo Alo OtheÌ„ Charles Bâ—ornâ— Gother Siggo not onely the chiefe worthiest but also the fyrst king of the Gothes and the Swecians he dyed after the floud 425. From hym to Berico onelye the names of theyr kynges remayn as Vddo Alo Othen Charles Biorno Gother Siggo Berico by the common consent both of the SweciaÌ„s and Gothes dyd enter into the Monarchy of both kyngdomes Berico the 14. kynge the fyrste that led theÌ„ out of their contrye after the floud .836 he was the .14 kyng and the first that led them out of theyr Country They departed out of Gothland Swedland from the creation of the world .2831 and after the floud .875 before the coÌ„ming of Christ .1430 at what tyme Othoniel iudged Israell This Berico left the crowne to hys sonne Humulfus geuing him therwithal a fatherly charge for the wel gouerning of his Country After hym raygned Humelus cousyn to Humulfus vnder whom the Danes rebelled which the Saxons seing 〈…〉 inuaded Denmarke wherby they were compelled of necessity to yelde submit them selues againe to Humelus After whose death his sonne Gothilas succeded he raygned with no lesse valiantâ—es then did hys father he dyed lefte the crowue to Sichtruge Thus farre by the aucthority of Iohn Magnus Archbishop of VpsaleÌ„s with others hereafter foloweth Sebastian Mounster whose aucthority I haue chiefely folowed ¶ The antiquitie the doynges the encrease and the rytches wyth the naturall situacion of the most florishyng and largest Country of all the Northeast Regions named Sweonia or Swecia as it is commonly called Swedia SWecia hath lying vpoÌ„ his west partes the Gothes vpon the North the Wermilanes wyth the Scricfins on the East Finland and Russia and vpon the Southe the sea Balthicke Thys country doth yelde his greatest aboundaunce of al fruites towardes the North where the earth bestoweth her norishing giftes of kinde plentifully And also there is gathered muche store of honye very ritche of Syluer Bras Leade Iron and Cattell Rytche of Syluer and other mettals They haue lykewise all kinde of fyshe which is not onely receaued of the Sea but also generallye of theyr Riuers and Pooles And for Beastes to hunt bothe wylde and tame eyther for pleasure or profite no countrye can haue more Swedia dothe excell Norway Swecia as it is wel knowen in largenes people metall and al other thinges doth twise excel the kingdome of Norway yet there be in many places hils so sharpe hye and Marasis so deepe and watry that they are not passable neyther wyth Norse nor Chariot Stockholm their 〈◊〉 City Their Imperial City is named Stockholme not so byg in quantity as it is wel fenced and furnished bothe by Nature and Arte. It standeth in a Marish
Birgerius He left the kyngdome to Waldimare who takyng his viage into the holy land did leaue the protection of his realme to his brother Magnus which with vnnatural rebellioÌ„ did vsurpe the same would neuer surrender it againe The vncertayne sâ—aie of a prinâ—â— Birgerius succeded Magnus and tragecally enioyed the crowne For when he thought him selfe most assured and in the type of al hys glory he was depriued by Eric his brother cast into the wretched bandes of imprisonment From whence at length being by good fortune deliuered he ioyned his sonne Magnus quopartner with him in his raigne Birgerius now at libertie knitting amalicious reuenge with his auctoritie did cal to remeÌ„brauÌ„ce the spiteful wrongs he had suffred at the handes of his brethren His vnquenchable colour kynled so fast for repaying the like euyll that he would by no meanes be pacified til that with their bloud he was satisfied A vnnaturall murder among brethren When hys brethren least feared hym and when they thought the stinking mist of al malice to be voide then did he with a tained coulour of frendshyp request them to a banquet where in the myddest of their mirth they were cruelly slaine This horrible detestable fact dyd so creepe into the eares of the Commons that it moued euery maÌ„ to the iust reuengement of so murdrish a dede Then he with his Quene fled left his sonne Magnus behinde him whose heade recoÌ„pensed the offence of his father After whoÌ„ they aduaunced Magnus the son of Eric which was behedded at his brothers banquet to the imperial crowne His raigne was so prosperous that with the help of vertue and the fauour of good fortune The kyngdom of Norway knyt to the crownâ— of â—weâ—ia he ioyned the country of Norway to his kingdom of Swecia was crowned king of both countries He yelded Nature her due the yeare of Christ 1326. and left a sonne called Magnus heire to bothe the kyngdomes Magnus did promis the mariage of his sonne Aquine to the natural sister of the Earle of Holst on this condition that if Aquine receiued her not a Maide al the noble men and rulers of Swecia shoulde be free of theyr othe and alegeaunce to the King This Maide saylinge into Swecia was taken vpon the sea of Waldimar King of Denmarke Margaret Waldimars doughter was maried to Aquine Which thyng the Gouernours of Swecia perceiuyng denyed their duty homage to their Prince because he kept not promise with them forthwith they were sent of the Earle of Holst to Albert Duke of Magnopolis father in law to the sayd Earle who had maried Eufemia the kings sister whose sonne named Albert they would haue to their king and so depriued Magnus from al his royall dignitie But he seing him selfe deposed forsaken dyd ioyne with Aquine to make cruel war against Albert whose force nought auailed for Alberts power was more able to resist them then theirs was to ouerthrow him Magnus of â—dâ—iuexyle Wherfore Magnus was compelled in the ende to be contented with his banishment wherein he dyed Albert being now established and with princely auctority confirmed in his kingdome did apoint hymselfe with al honourable furniture syt for a King leauing the charge of the regall gouernement in the handes of Dismarie did sayle to his Countrey Magnopolus The valyaÌ„t and haught mynde of a woman In the meane season whilst these thinges were a doing Margaret the doughter of Waldimar king of Denmarke Norway after the death of her husbande protected the two kingdomes with her litle sonne Olaue And hauing a desire to the regiment of Swecia she began to quarel with Albert king of the same They both leuied two mighty armies committing the successe of their good or euyl fortune to the bloudy lot of war Albert who hadde finished the course of hys prosperous raygne was wyth his yonge sonne Eric of Margaret taken prisoners with whom they were kept in miserable captiuitye the lyngring tyme of seuen yeares Margarâ—â— Queene of the three kyngdomes By which ouerthrowe of Albert the thre kyngdomes were once more subiectes to one crowne and haue alwayes remained so euer since The Norwaise neuer chauÌ„ging nor disagreing but the Swecians refusing to beare the troublesome yoke of a straunger haue often tymes shaken of the societie of the Danes Now Albert vpon this condicion was deliuered oute of myson that he should within three yeares folowyng pay three score thousand marke or els deliuer the town and Castel of Stockholme otherwyse to be imprisoned againe Albert would haue surrendred the City but the Swecians would not by any meanes agree to it he being therfore in dispaire and voyde of all hope of recouering hys kyngdome dyd geue vp al and contented hym selfe wyth his old Magnopolus The mightye Margaret triumphantlye raygnynge Quene of the three kingdomes passed her youthe wyth great pompe among the Swecians tyll suche tyme as crooked age with creping pace ouertoke her whose stalking steps none can ouer runne and then by the coÌ„mon counsel and consent of her rulers and gouernours she adopted Eric Captaine of Pomeranie to her sonne The Capytaine of Pomeranye is made kyng â—ome say the this Phillippâ— was the kyngs dangâ—ter of England After whose death he was made Kyng of the three kyngdomes quietly passed his tyme a great while amonge the Swecians For Philippa the Quene his wife and daughter to the kyng of Portugal dyd most commonly lye in Swecia where in the end she dyed Now the kyng hauing continual warres wantyng money dyd contrary to his othe spoile the Swecians and sought al the meanes he myght to impouerishe the country because it semed welthiar much more rytcher then the rest Which made the Nobilitie to declare their impacience with open enuy for the Swecians as they are slow to conceiue a wrong so are they quicke in the reuenge of iniurie but when this was reported and perfectly related to the Earles of Eric he which for his euil estemed nothing litle regarded it The smal regard of princes is 〈◊〉 tymes cause of their more â—â—struction Tyll suche tyme as Engelbert a noble man both by birth condicion dyd rayse rebellion against him And where as he had tortified the Castels and fortes of Swecia with captaines officers of the Danes Thys Engelbert remoued theÌ„ and did constitute apoint Swecians in their places Then Eric at the first wyth great expedicion sought to feare Engelbert wyth cruell threatnynges whyche nought auailed for his magnanimity was able to counterpaise the others enuy Wherefore he raysed a mighty army thinkyng thereby to pacefy the Swecians furye He saylinge with hys parnicious companye towardes Swecia was preuented of his purpose by a terrible tempest wherin most of them were drowned And Eric him selfe compeld to land with a few where he sawe by experience that fauour and not force wold vanquish the Swecians Althinges chauncing contrary
violently pull vp by the rootes al such as against his mynde possest any spiritual possessions or enioyed anye ecclesiasticall dignities ¶ How Prince Gostaue escaped out of captiuity and after deliuered his Country THe moste noble Prince Gostaue Erichson sonne to Eric nere of bloud to Charles Canutus the last kyng of Swecia Nephew to Steno Sture the Elder 〈◊〉 Gostaue prysoner in Denmarke beyng yet a hostage or rather a prisoner in Denmarke hearing of so many euyls calamities of his Countrye going a hunting with other noble men of the Danes he began to excogitate in his princely mynde howe and by what meanes he might best escape steale away Occasion offered He 〈◊〉 his apparell wyth 〈◊〉 â—â—â—ourer sequestring him selfe from the felowshyp of the Hunters he declined his natural nobilitye to the course countenaunce of a country man aparaled with the robes of a common laborour he ioyned him self to a Marchaunt and fayned to be a Muleter or a keeper of Cattel tyl suche tyme as he was escaped out of the couÌ„try Lubee and from thence was transported into Swecia Where he did openly boldly and frankly declare that he would reuenge the iniuries losses of his country restore them againe to their auncient libertye an enterprite more then his youthfull yeres coulde compas but that the stoutnes of his minde did answer to hys boldnes Moreouer he was decked with such temperaunce The vertues of Gostaue honesty and manly prudence as was rare to be founde in any of so grene and tender age Therefore the fourth yere after the beginning of the bloudye warres of Christiern Prince Gostaue chaunged his apparell hauyng on the rusty garmentes of a ragged country man went about Swecia declaring vnto them in how many manifold cursed and wicked euyls they were wrapped in playnlye paynting foorthe the wretched estate of them al leauing nor omitting any thing that might kyndle or encourage the Country Citizens to battel The perswâ—cions of Gostaue He dyd not forgette to tell them that they were not borne for them selues but for their Countrye to whose ayde succour they wer bound of duty to forsake no peryl no daunger nor any trauel beyng then at poynt to perishe wythout present helpe He remembred them of all the facinorous factes that Christiern had committed also of the most great and greuous wickednes that hys flagitious company had executed both against God man without any renenge which he to accomplish with them woulde hasard his lyfe no whyt regardyng it in respecte of the earnest zeale he had to the coÌ„mon vtility of his countrye men The comeâ—â—e grace of Prince Gostaue Moreouer the comelynes of his parson dyd represent suche a Maiesty that it declared his magnanimity to be adorned with a singuler valiant stout courage The Dalekarlions â—e y◠〈◊〉 waâ—â—yks people â—â—ll Sweâ—â—â— Wherefore he tooke vpon him by their election bothe to reuenge their wronges also to set them at libertye For the accomplishment wherof he leuyed soldiours of Dalckarly the most warlyke people of al Swecia They dwel about the mountaines that deuideth Swecia froÌ„ Norway where there be mynes of Syluer of Brasse Which mettal places doth quickly moue them â—yâ—â—s eâ— Syluer and â—rasse chiefely styrre them aboue al things to be fierce in resisting their enemyes Gostaue vsing the seruice of these men went against the Danes that laye in Garison in the Citye of Aorosie The Danes lye in garyson at the city of Aorosâ—y The sudayn 〈◊〉 of Gostaue the byâ—â—op where they dyd muche harme wyth violating vexing and troubling of the whole country Now Gostaue the Byshop onely in name Traitour to his couÌ„try driuen into a great feare with thys soudeine new dauÌ„ger sought al the wayes he could how he might ouerthrow this begun enterprise of reuenge But the noble valiant The gentle nature of Prince Gostaue and princely younge Gostaue Erichson perceyuing his entent dyd send a Messenger to the Byshoppe friendlye exhorting hym to leaue of returne from hys old errors and treasons Considering that his countrye men not long tyme past had tasted the fruites of sufficient detestable abhominable mischiefes The Bishop receiued this gentle admonicion with such arogancye The arogancy 〈◊〉 â—â—dain full pride of the byshop pride that reading his honorable curteous letters did spitefully cast them down and vnreuerently trode them vnder his feete The magnificent Gostaue hauyng intelligence thereof beyng of the bloud royal 〈…〉 of the bloud royal Nephewe to them who had woren the crownes of Swecia nowe demaunding his rightful inheritaunce of those that spoiled it was the more greued with the despite of the Byshop which caused him to do that by the force of his regal auetority that other wyse he woulde haue redressed by hys clemency He led a band of trusty chosen soldiours of the Dalekarlions agaynst him his companye who with smal power dyd ouercome him The Bishop ourâ—throwe doth flye to Stockeholm The Bishop being thus subdued with spedy flight went to Stockeholm wher the rest of the Danes lay in Garison But they coÌ„sidering the might of the Swecians daylye to encrease dyd determine with this Traitour Gostaue the Bishop sayleth into Denmarke The vnstidly discurtest of Christiern to sende for a newe army into the Country With whiche promise he sayled to his tirannical companion into Denmarke Where he was as wel worthy neither friendly receiued nor gently entertayned nor after that was euer of any auctority or estimacioÌ„ with Christiern By what reason could he leaue forsake or shake of the felowship society of hym who had coÌ„municated their tyrannies and ioyned their mystheuous myndes so often in one being confederates together in al their dampnable deedes The king of Denmarke was nothing inseriour to him in al falsehed vntroth not onely to his enemies abroade but also to hys subiectes at home A busy troubler of his country wher in he was accordingly regarded for wythin a whyle after hys returne he was deposed from his kyngdome The Bishop wandreth lyke an abiect a iuste â—â—marke of trasen The crowne thus taken from the kyng and he beyng thrust out of the regal seat Gostaue the Bishop without any glory or reuerence lyke an abiect wandred through the country Christiern 〈…〉 pâ—ye 〈…〉 lycke dâ—e 〈…〉 saâ—â—â— so continued in Denmarke tyll hys dying day Christiern also poore nedy for certaine yeares had no place to abyde in but destitute of al kingly furniture was compelied to place hys feete vnder other mene â—â—bles glad to banquet wyth other mens dainties onely necessity and want driuing hym there vnto Leauyng Christiern thus a Stragle the most â—uissaunt Gostaue dyd leuy a mete and conuenient army of the Dalekariens Prâ—â—â—â— Goâ—â—auâ— gâ—the â—â—â—h an hoâ—â— the Swecians and the Gothes folowed the rest of the Danes that were