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A48818 A discourse of God's ways of disposing of kingdoms. Part 1 by the Bishop of S. Asaph, Lord Almoner to Their Majesties. Lloyd, William, 1627-1717. 1691 (1691) Wing L2679; ESTC R12748 41,225 85

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Consent the Government being made Hereditary there was no need of any other Human Act for the Continuance of it in their Family There is nothing more Sacred among Men than a Right of Inheritance But for the Derivation of that Right to their Persons they owe it only to God For it comes to them by their Birth and they owe their Birth only to God S. 22. In those Kingdoms wherein the Succession is continu'd by a new Election upon every Vacancy or wherein a new Election is made upon the Extinguishing of the Royal Family the Person on whom the Election falls in either Case ows his promotion to God from whom it comes the same way to him as it came to his first Predecessor in that Kingdom S. 23. I do not speak all this while of Free States or Commonwealths because I do not believe there was any such Government known in the World in David's time For as we read of no such in Scripture so it is agreed among the most learned Heathen Writers that the first Government every where was by Kings But wheresoever upon the Cession of Kings or the ceasing of the Royal Family or the like there has followed a Change of the Government from a Monarchy to a Free State or Commonwealth there also the Sovereign Power was of God and they that were invested with it had their Promotion from him by that Act of his Providence by which the Change was made namely by the Consent of the People And the same way the Providence of God brings in others to succeed them in their Power from time to time It has been prov'd in all sorts of Government that as the Sovereign Power in every Country or Nation is of God so they that are invested with it whether one or many are in the place of God and have their Promotion from him which was the first Part of the Doctrin of this Text. S. 24. The 2d Part is that the Transferring of this Power from one to another is the Act of God And this he does proceeding Judicially as being Judge saith our Psalmist Here are two things to be consider'd First that it is God that does this and Secondly that he does it Judicially S. 25. For the first of these that the transferring of power from one to another is the Act God this adds much to that which went before in the Text. It shews that God has such an Interest in the disposing of power as none can pretend to but himself Men have their part in setting up what they cannot put down again It is a Woman's Consent makes a Man be her Husband the Fellows of a Colledge chuse one to be their Head a Corporation chuse one to be their Mayor All these do only chuse the person they do not give him the Authority It is the Law that gives that and that Law so binds their hands that they cannot undo what they have done No more can a Nation a undo its own Act in chusing Men into Sovereign power I do not say but they may chuse Men into Government expresly with that Condition that they shall be accountable to the people and then the Government remains in the Body of the Nation it is that which we properly call a Commonwealth But for Sovereign Princes and Kings even where they are chosen by the Nation and much more in Hereditary Kingdoms as they have their Authority from God so they are only accountable to him For he is the only Potentate King of Kings and Lord of Lords He alone both makes Kings by his Sovereign Power and by the same he can unmake them when he pleases Nay more than so He puts down one and sets up another Both the Words imply something of an High Place and here they are used of Civil Government or Dominion Of this it is said that God so deprives one of it as that he advances another in his stead S. 26. This can be understood of nothing else but the Conquest of one Prince over another For what one resigns by a Voluntary Act he is said to lay down or to give it up to another But putting down is the Act of a Superior by which one 's place is taken from him against his Will Now God being the Superior that does this by the Act of his Providence it must be such an Act as gives the Power from one against his Will to another whom God is pleased to set up in his stead Thus in giving one Prince a Conquest over another he thereby puts one in Possession of the other's Dominions he makes the other's Subjects become his Subjects or his Slaves accordingly as they come in upon Conditions or at the Will of the Conqueror In short he giveth him the whole Right and Power of the other Prince But how can this be For if the other had a Right to his Kingdom it cannot be taken from him without Injury and that cannot ordinarily be without a War and all the Evils contained in it which are so much Inhumanity and Impiety together that whoseever has a true Notion of God cannot think he would approve of things so contrary to his Justice and Goodness much less that he would be the Author of them as he must be according to this Doctrin S. 27. Thus some may object But in Answer to this Consider how we judge of the Actions of Kings when they take away the Lives and Estates of Offenders To do the same things would be Murder and Robbery in private Men. But we know they are Acts of Judgment in them that have the power of the Sword and they would not be faithful to their Trust if they did not do them In this Text we are taught to think so of God that when he puts down one and sets up another he doth it as a Judge even Judge among Gods He deals with them as they ought to do with their Subjects Think of that and you will not stick at this Objection As a Judge he administreth Judgment and Justice both which are said to be the habitation of his Throne Particularly when he decrees a Conquest of any King or Kingdom it is either as a Judgment on them for Offences against himself or it is by way of Justice to others whom they have injured And both these ways he does what is best for the glory of God and the good of Mankind S. 28. First by way of Judgment or punishment for the Sins of a Prince or People or both God ordinarily suffers a Rebellion to arise within the Kingdom or a Foreign power to break in upon it And though these Rebels or this Foreign power may be such as have receiv'd no provocation nor mind nothing else but Dominion and Prey yet God makes use of them in this Case as he doth of an Inundation at other times He lets them loose to over-run and waste and spoil the Country to overthrow
A DISCOURSE of God's ways of DISPOSING OF KINGDOMS By the Bishop of S. ASAPH Lord Almoner to THEIR MAJESTIES A DISCOURSE of God's ways of DISPOSING OF KINGDOMS PART I. By the Bishop of S. ASAPH Lord Almoner to THEIR MAJESTIES King Charles I. Works p. 711. in his Letter to his Son With God I would have you begin and end who is King of Kings the Soverain disposer of the Kingdoms of the World who putteth down one and setteth up another Publish'd by Authority LONDON Printed by H. Hills for Thomas Jones at the White-Horse without Temple-Bar 1691. TO THE READER HAVING had the honor to preach before their Majesties on the fift day of November last and afterward to be commanded by Them to print my Sermon which contain'd many things concerning the late Revolution I humbly crav'd leave to put my thoughts into another form wherein I might not only say those things more at large but also prove what I had said in that Sermon knowing I could do it by such Authorities as would be sufficient to clear me from that charge of Singularity or Novelty which hath been too liberally thrown upon others that have preach'd or written on that subject I know I am not better then my Brethren that have been thus us'd and therefore I expect to be treated no better then they have been But I think I have taken a Course to prevent the bringing of any charge against me on that head It will appear that I have deliver'd no other Doctrin then that which has been receiv'd and past for current in the Church of England ever since the Reformation And I hope it will be some service to that excellent Church to shew that what some have reported of her Doctrins hath had no other ground but the mistakes of some of her Sons who tho excellent men and such as our Church may justly glory of upon other accounts yet I must needs say have judg'd too hastily of this matter and seem to be too jealous of themselves for fear some wordly consideration should strike in with those second thoughts that would make them judge otherwise We are not to answer for the private Opinions of all that are or have been of our Communion But God be prais'd we may safely stand by the Doctrins of our Church and the most approv'd Writers thereof They are those that I have endeavour'd to set forth in this following Discourse While we adhere to them it will be for the honor of our Church that as it hath been always accounted the Bulwark of the Protestant Religion and prov'd it self to be so most eminently in the last Reign so it will appear to be the only unshaken strength of this Monarchy especially by the encouragment it hath now under their Majesties Government which I beseech God long to continue to his Glory and the peace and prosperity of these Kingdoms THE CONTENTS OF CHAPTER I. 1. THE Occasion of Psalm LXXV pag. 1. 2. The Scope of the Words vers 6 7. 1. 3. I. That Power is from God 2. 4. II. That he gives it Judicially 3. 5. The Heads of the following Discourse 4. 6. Of the Institution of Government 5. 7. Of the several sorts of it 6. I. Of God's Conferring it on Persons 1st Immediately 8. I. In the Patriarchical times 7. 9. 2. In the Jewish Theocracy 9. 10. 3. In their hereditary Kingdom 9. 11. 2dly Mediately by the Peoples consent 10. 12. 1st On Account of Merit 11. Thus especially on Founders of Nations 11. 13. On first Planters 12. 14. On Restorers and Deliverers 12. 15. 2dly On Account of Favour 14. 16. In the first Elections of Kings pag. 14. 21. In the hereditary Successions from them 15. 22. In Elective Kingdoms 16. 23. In Free States 16. 24. II. Of God's Transferring it from one to another 17. 25. That this is the Act of God 18. 26. By giving one a Conquest over the other 19. 27. That God doth this Judicially 21. 28. I. By way of Judgment on King or People 21. 29. Particularly on Kings 23. 29. For neglect of Government 23. 30. For Oppressing their People 24. 31. This is Just and necessary 25. 32. II. By way of Justice for 27. 33. 1. War is an Appeal to God 28. 34. 2. It is proper to Kings 29. 35. 3. 'T is lawful when they have Just Cause 33. 36. Great danger makes it Necessary 34. 37. Especially when also Religion is concern'd 37. 38. When Religion is opprest in another Kingdom 39. 39. Example of this in Queen Elizabeth's time 42. 40. Especially where it is settl'd by Law 45. 41. 4. Such a Cause makes a Just Conquest 49. 42. And that Conquest gives Right 50. 43. Doubted when the Cause is certainly unjust 55. 44. No doubt when the Cause is certainly Just. 58. 45. A doubtful Cause is enough for the Prince in Possession 59. 46. The People● ought to be satisfi'd with this 61. 47. But much more when they see a certain Just Cause 33. 48. When the Cause is for their sake it is to them not a Conquest but a Deliverance 66. A DISCOURSE of God's ways of DISPOSING OF KINGDOMS Psalm LXXV verses 6 7. For Promotion cometh neither from the East nor from the West nor from the South But God is the Judge He putteth down one and setteth up another § 1. THIS Psalm was compos'd by David as I take it considering the State of Affairs that was immediatly after Saul's death When as it is here ver 3. the Land and the Inhabiters thereof were dissolv'd and even ready to fall but that David bore up the Pillars of it § 2. Then being in the nearest prospect of the Kingdom he called to remembrance what he had formerly said what warnings he had given to those Fools and wicked men that laid about them in Saul's time as if there would be no end of it I said to the fools deal not so foolishly and to the wicked lift not up your horn Do not bear your selves so high as it seems they did on that unhappy King's Favor Do not boast your selves of the power you have to do mischief That 's the common use of Power when it comes in the hands of Fools and wicked men § 3. To teach them better David shews whence it is that Power comes into Mens hands and upon what terms they are to hold it These two things the Psalmist shews in the words of this Text. First for the true Original of Power This in David's time all men took to be from Heaven but from whom there many knew not The Eastern Nations who were generally given to Astrology took it to come from their Stars and especially from the Sun which was the chief Object of their Worship The Psalmist tells them No. Promotion cometh not that way Neither from the Planet's rising nor setting nor from its exaltation in mid-Heaven That 's the meaning of the words from the East nor from the West