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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
kingdom_n	france_n	time_n	year_n	1,932	5	4.5978	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A89931	The scarlet gown or the history of all the present cardinals of Rome. Wherein is set forth the life, birth, interest, possibility, rich offices, dignities, and charges of every cardinal now living. Also their merits, vertures, and vices· Together with the cariage of the Pope and court of Rome. Written originally in Italian, and translated into English by H.C. Gent.; Giusta statera de'porporati. English.	N. N.; Cogan, Henry.; Cross, Thomas, fl. 1632-1682, engraver.	1653 (1653)	Wing N53; Thomason E1433_1; ESTC R202993	62,278	177

both of them Legates à Latere Francesco into Spain and Antonio into France and one of them took upon him the protection of the one Kingdome and the other of the other Francesco afterwards had a large pension from the Catholique King and made profession of obeying the commands of that Majesty Urban for ten years together governed absolutely in which time Francesco had not the power as one may say to raise up a straw from the ground but those ten years once past Urban fell to decline through age and sickness and then began he to lift up his head This Cardinal had nothing else good in him but the gratifying a poor man that in tomporibus had paid for a pot of Wine for him at the Tavern whom he made Yeoman of his Horse In the time of his Empire he disstasted all the Princes and inprimis I may begin with the Emperor Ferdinand the second who upon his election to that State sent the Prince of Egenberg to Rome for his Ambassador of obedience to the Pope where being arrived that which ensued thereupon is known to every one The King of Spain was so affronted by him and his Uncle as more could not be for what greater affront can be done to a Crown then to give for mony and not otherwise the Scarlet Gown to a deserveing person such a one as the Abbot Pereti was unto whom they denyed it out of the inward hate that they bore him They lent mony to the French to the end they might make and continue Warre on the House of Austria they gave aid against the State of Milan used notable deceit in the disposing of Mantoua and Casale caused the Marquess de los Velez the Catholique Ambassador to be assaulted by the French and the Bishop of Amega the Portugal who by force would have been acknowledged by the Ambassador that reputed him a Rebel and gave a world of disgusts besides which to recount would take up a whole year The King of France too notwithstanding all the House of Barberini seem to be well affected to that Crown hath had his share of disgusts from them by delaying the demand of the Hat for the Cardinal Mazzarino by the dishonor which Antonio did to his Majesties Ambassador in getting his daughter with child under colour of friendship and afterwards poysoning her as it is verily believed at Caprarola insomuch that the poor Lord not knowing else how to be revenged was fain to serve under the command of the Duke of Parma in the War against the said Barberini Then the distast which they gave not onely to the Ambassador Coure but even to the most Christian King himself by causing the head of Monsieur de Ronti the said Ambassadors Kinsman to be strucken of by the hangman and lastly the betraying of that Majestie in the Conclave by helping to promote Pamphilio to the Papacie whom the King desired to exclude Moreover the Internal and External disgusts known to all which they gave to the great Duke of Toscan to the Duke of Parma to the Duke of Modena and to the Republique of Venice by offering to take Borgo-sansepolcro from the great Duke by taking from the Duke of Parma Castro Capralo Ronaglione and other States as also indeavouring to take from him likewise Parma and Placentia because he would not match with them by making War on the Duke of Modena upon their pretension to Comachio and on the Republique of Venice for to make them remove out of their Ducal Chamber the antient pictures of their Naval fight and Victory for the restitution of Pope Alexander the sixth to his former Estate They denyed the King of Polana the Hat for Monsieur Vicconti they suffered the Cardinal Orsino to affront the deceased Queen Mother of France in the person of her Agent in Rome they annihilated the Nobility heheaded the Marquess Manzioli alias Bentivoglio who having been prime Clerke of the Chamber had resigned that office and maried a wife upon pretext that he had made a book against the Court of Rome they put to death the Marquess Centini d' Ascoli in Campo de fiore alledging that he had complotted against the life of the Pope onely to disable his Uncle for the Papacie they sent Anarea Casale to the Galleys to the end his Wealth might come to the Cardinal Spada and other their well-willers causing him in fifteen daies to be bastinadoed to death they banished the Duke of Cerinto the State of Avignon upon pretence that he had framed infamous libells against the old deceased Cardinal Verospi they kept Mario Frangipano a long time in prison although he was a Cavalier of quality very old and in a manner decrepit and exposed him to the torture upon pretence that he had given order for the putting of a fellow to death that was found hanged in the prison of a certain Castle notwithstanding that they which had committed the fact confessed publiquely at the Gallows how the said Lord was altogether innocent therof and this they did to no other end but to force him to leave his estate unto them with this reservation that he should enjoy it so long as he lived and then it should fall unto the Church but he would never consent thereunto saying alwaies thus If I be innocent let me be freed if I be not innocent let me be punished and had not the War with the Princes of Italy hapned the poor Lord had been made an end of for then they set him at liberty upon condition that he should ingage himself in the war against the said Princes Furthermore they sought to ruine the House of Borghese because they had concluded matrimony with Donna Olimpia Aldobrandina unto whom the Popes eldest Nephew was a suiter and for that reason they disgraced them all that ever they could They deprived Vittaleschi General of the Jesuits and Ridolsi General of the Dominicans of their General ships under pretext of sundry misdemeanors committed by them They most unjustly bereft the said Princes Borghesi of the state of Meldola and caused Don Paolo Borghese the Prince his Son and husband to the said Donna Aldobrandina to be basely affronted by a common Captain of the watch They drove a world of poor people not onely from Rome but also out of all the state Ecclesiastical and made them go and live in other parts by reason of the grievous taxes and impositions which they laid upon them They caused many thousands of men that served under their ensignes to perish for hunger whilst they gave them no pay and that bread too which they provided to relieve them was mixed with chalk which fretted out the soldiers guts and made them die like doggs Innocent the tenth in the beginning of his Papacie was so tired with Petitions and complaints against Francesco for his injustice and extortions that he caused him to be cited to render an accompt of his administration which he satisfied with his flight into France This Cardinal enjoyed under

framed in the City of Bologna where the nurse that gave him suck then lived who upon her examination averred that he had a certain marke upon his left shoulder which upon search was accordingly found there besides divers other testimonies that manifested he was the true Andrea Cardinall Spada seeing the matter goe so ill on his side sought with fraud to beguile him and gave him to understand that if he would desist from his suite and revoke all his pretensions he would assign him a Caroach with four servants and revenewes yearly able to maintain him like a Cavalier as long as he lived Which Andrea hearing cryed out publiquely saying Either I am Andrea Casale and will have all that is mine or I am not he and will have nothing This comming to the knowledge of Spada he went as it were in a desperate moode to the Pope and so earnestly besought him not to suffer his and many other Families amongst whom the inheritance of Andrea Casale was distributed to be undone by takeing the same from them that his Holiness I know not how did most unjustly not onely not put him in Possession of his estate but wickedly sent him to the Galleys where least upon change of the Pope he might set a foot his claim anew Cardinal Spada wrought in such sort with the Commanders of the Galleyes that in the space of fifteen daies he was bastinadoed to death A case verily worthy of compassion and the mishap of this poor infortunate Cavalier deserves for example sake to be published to all the World his death being bewailed not onely by the common people but by all the Nobility of Rome and Bologna XIX Federico Carnaro FEderico Cornaro a Noble man of Venice he was Bishop of Vicenza in Lombardie and afterwards was made Bishop of Padon He was promoted to the Scarlet Gown at the instance of his Rebublique as a man deserving and of a good life He is sixty years of age or thereabout wherefore he pretends much to Peters Chair and it will not be hard for him to attain thereunto being devoted as he is to the House of Austria whereof not onely he but his whole Family makes open profession his Country alone may be contrary and an obstacle unto him He is a person of no mean understanding Affable and Courteous and is therefore much esteemed of by the sacred Colledge He hath divers Nephews who are little seen in the Court but the eldest of them at such time as his Uncle was Bishop of Padoa led a most wicked dissolute life in Rome which was accompanied with so infinite a pride that it was able as one may say to cause another fall of Angels from Heaven And this alone will be enough to keep Cornaro farre from the Papacie otherwise he hath no defects of any consideration being charitable and worthy of all Honor. The Family of the Cornari is one of the principal of that Republique having had many Dukes and Senators issued from it as also a Queen of Cyprus who gave that Kingdome to the Venetians by which donation they held it a long time He resigned the Bishoprick of Padoa and had the Patriarchship of Venice which after some years he also resigned He is much esteemed of his Republique although there hath past some disgusts between them XX. Martio Ginetti MArtio Ginetti born in the Citty of Veletri of vile descent the Son of a common Artificer He came to Rome in the beginning of the creation of Urban the eighth where he courted divers Cardinals and in the end putting himself into the Prelacy he got into the favour of the Cardinal Francesco Barberino who brought him into such credit with the Pope his Uncle that he held him in great esteem and promoted him to the Scarlet Gown to the end he should acknowledge no other dependancie then that of the house of Barberini His holiness enriched him with many benefices and made him Vicar of the Papacie which Office is during life he made him also Protector of the whole order of the Carmelites and caused him to lodge continually in the Apostolical Palace Now because he was altogether unknown to Princes and was of no account abroad the Barberini resolved to illustrate him in the sight of the World and so sent him Legate into Germany to treat of a universal peace to the end all Christendom might acknowledge him for the principal instrument of the publique good but the unhappy issue of that his charge shewed his ignorance rather and imprudence rendring himself ridiculous in so sublime an employment whereby he no way profited Christendom but exceedingly profited himself and his House for living very sparingly he pursed up the most part of that great entertainment which was assigned him for his Legateship In his return back towards Rome and as he was upon the way there was sent him by an express post to Ferrara a Grant of the Legates place of that Citty where he heaped up no little riches and after his arrival at Rome Cardinal Capucino paid him all the profits accruing of his Vicarshish by him administred in his absence This Cardinal hath given to his Kinsmen all the Offices and Dignities that possibly he can He is not very learned although he hath taken great pains in studying The Barberini will never nominate him in the Conclave for they are sure it will not succeed in regard he is known to be too much their partial obligee He is but little respected in the sacred Colledge though by reason of his age he is capable of being Pope Whosoever looks upon the house of this Cardinal will alwaies behold it void of all resort none going thither but those which have business appertaining to the Vicarship and that are of necessity to pass thorough his hands so that one shall never see any visitant Coches there he being no otherwise accounted of then as of a forelorn Cardinal He shews himself to be no way depending on any of the Princes out of the pretension he hath to the Papacie and albeit he was Lagate à Latere with the Emperor for the universal peace as aforesaid yet is he not for all that devoted to the House of Austria because he being wholly dependant on the Barberini will as such be allwaies French if not openly at leastwise secretly His behaviour is familiar and flegmatick seeming to favour every one and is of an indifferent good nature but melancholick XXI Don Antonio Barberino DON Antonio Barberino the crook-back Nephew to Urban the eighth and the brother of Francesco and Tadeo he was born in Rome and therefore intitles himself a Roman He was by the Pope created Prior of the great Cross of Malta with an intention not to make him a Cardinal it seeming sufficient unto him that he had already promoted to that dignity Francesco his eldest Nephew and the Capuchin his brother but Antonio so importuned his Uncle that at length he promoted him also to the Scarlet Gown which above all

Court and little cares what he spends knowing well that after his decease his estate is to fall unto divers Families and in part cular to the Savelli as his neerest kinred Sixtus quintus made a Bull wherein he declared that the Scarlet Gown should be given to his descendants without any demand or instance at all and indeed the Roman Church can ow no less to that blood of his seeing it hath received so many benefits from that worthy high Bishop of eternal memorie All the Popes indevoured but Sixtus quintus alone setled the Papal power reduced unto obedience all the Barons how great and potent soever they were rooted the Banditi and theeves out of the Ecclesiastical State bridled the Christian Princes in a few years adorned Rome with sumptuous fabricks and inriched the Adrian Mole with a huge summe of Gold intending to perform some great enterprise which succeeded not by reason of his ensuing death This Cardinal holds good correspondence with all the sacred Colledge except it be with the Cardinal Trivultio his kinsman for there fell ought some difference between them in the past Conclave because the said Trivultio had heard that Montalto was united with the French faction but now it is thought they are reconciled He is much esteemed of by the Pope is well conditioned studious learned and worthy of the Papacie for his goodness and excellent qualities He is of kinne to very near all the Roman Nobilitie and was not long since honored by the Catholique King with the charge of conducting the Emperors Daughter his new Spouse out of Germany into Spain in which imployment the Cardinal stood not upon expence but shewed himself exceeding splendid and liberal XXXII Giulio Mazzarini GIulio Mazzarini the Sonne of Pier Mazzarini a Sicilian who being a Merchant became bankrupt for certain summes of mony and therefore fled with all his family to Rome where the said Giulio was born as also his brother named Michael who made himself a Frier of the Dominican Order Giulio served for sometime the Colonnesies Nephewes and afterwards Sachetti who employed him in the managing of his monies wherewith trading for his Master and with gaming he got together no little summes for himself Then he became a soldier but returning again to the Court he applied himself anew to the same Cardinals The affection which Sachetti bore to this man brought him into such esteem with the Cardinal Antonio as he employed him in all his services and putting himself into the Prelacie he was at his instance sent by the Pope Nuncio Apostolical into Savoy and also to take in his Holiness name out of the hands of the French the City of Casale to be kept by him in deposito till such time as the Spantards and Germanes should go out of and leave the City of Mantoua which they had seized upon because the Duke thereof had declared himself French and would not acknowledge to hold of the Emperor Mazzarini goes accordingly and takes the City of Casale in deposito but after he had caused the Spaniards and Germans to issue out of Mantoua he gave Casale again unto the French by meanes whereof both the Emperor and the King of Spain remain'd flouted and cheated and from this difference sprung the bloody Warre in the State of Milan and Monferrato The said Mazzarini by this treason done unto the Spaniards got the favour of the Cardinal Richelieu together with that of the most Christian King who finding him to be a man of a wit proper for the designes of his Crown demanded the purple Gown of the Pope for him in reward of the betraying the King of Spain his Lord whose Vassal he is Urban at that time denyed to give it him because he had also deceived him in consigning the City of Casale anew into the hands of the French without his knowledge and answered the most Christian King that he would grant it unto him for any other person that he would nominate But his Majestie persisted still with great obstinacie in that his demand which Urban seeing could do no less then content him and in this manner was he promotd to the Scarlet Gown After the decease of the Cardinal Richelieu he had the whole Command but his Masters favor got him much hatred with the Grandees of the Kingdom His Majestie greatly honored him made him a Councellor of State with authority to sit in Parliament and also at his death left him one of the Executors of his Testament This Cardinal is grown so rich that he is held to be the wealthiest feuditary Prince that is He had often craved leave of that King to return unto Rome and take the Hat at such time as Urban lived but it would never be granted to him He hath been so high in the Court of France that the Princes of the blood could by no means endure it which hath been the cause of such revolutions in that Kingdome and of such intestine Wars as have followed thereupon but this matter is so well known to every one that I will passe from it to discourse of that which further concernes him This Cardinal is he that though a far off did in the Conclave so oppose the election of Innocent the tenth and not contented therewith labored also to terrifie him by sending great armies into Italy the operations whereof hath manifested to the World that the Cardinal had indeed other thoughts then the sole acquisition of Piombino The Catholique King hath declared him and all his kinred Rebells and Traitors At such time as this Cardinal served in the Warres he was a very vitious gamster and oftentimes received many hurts about women but now he lives with much gravitie and whosoever hath to deal with him finds him alwaies in apparance gentle in speech and gratefull for benefits received wherefore he hath openly defended Barberino so far forth that he hath incurred the hatred of the Parliament of Paris for it With his authority he caused his brother being in a manner but a youth to be elected General of the Order of the Dominicans made him Master of the sacred Palace procured him the Archbishoprick of Aix in France and finally not contented herewith he obtained the Scarlet Gown for him with all which honors the said Michael is past into a better life XXXIII Marc ' Antonio Bragadino MArc ' Antonio Bragadino a Nobleman of Venice he was made Bishop of the City of Vicenza upon the nomination of the Republique which knew him to be a good man and of great integritie This Bishoprick of his enjoyes the tytle of Duke Marquesse and Count. All the time of his residence at his Church he was held in great esteem and lived with great reputation I my self have often seen him in that City as he was going with his Clergy to the Domo and me thought that even then he shewed and looked like a Cardinal as within less then two years after he was made one at the instance of the

himself into the Prelacie and having exercised many Charges and Governments he was at last sent Nuntio into Spain where he caried himself very worthyly and to the great contentment of that Majestie insomuch that the Pope finding him to be very intelligent and deserving promoted him to the Scarlet Gown He is a learned man and expert in all matters of Negotiation He hath gotten much credit with the Crown of Spain is greatly approved of in the Court and is much esteemed by the sacred Colledg but farre more by Innocent the tenth so that if he live he may be Pope He is of a sweet coversation excellently qualified of a good behaviour friendly and thankful for all benefits received He arrived at Rome from Spain when as the Cardinals were in a manner all shut up in the Conclave and brought along with him divers pacquets of letters written from his Catholique Majestie to all the sacred Colledge in favor of the Cardinal Pamphilio insomuch that it was he who gave the first start to his greatness which benefit together with the good-will Pamphilio bore him before caused him presently upon his assumption to place him near about him he gave him lodgings also in the Pontifical Palace and made him his chief Counsellor of State so that the whole Government of the Papacie is in a manner resting upon his shoulders He is not very rich but with the Pensions and Benefices bestowed on him by the Pope he is thought to be exceeding well accommodatep He leades a very retired life and is of a good disposition for I remember that in the time of his Prelacie he told me one day how he never fell out with nor misused any servant of his house to the end they should not have occasion to murmure at him or his birth and lose the respect which they owed unto him a matter verily worthy of commendation He is a trusty friend of the great Duke of Toscans but he is not confided in by the Barberini for private interests and because as it is thought he was one of them that Counselled the Pope to prosecute them in that sort as he did He received the Hat from the hands of Innocent the tenth together with the Cardinal of Este because they were not present in the Court at such time as Urban was living XLV Mattheo Theodoli MAttheo Theodoli a Roman descended of a Noble family in the City of Forlin Popoli nella Romagna He was a poor Prelate that could hardly live but at the instance of Antonio he was by Urban the eighth made Auditor of the Chamber and not having mony enough to pay for it the said Cardinal Antonio lenthim some out of the affection he bore to his house He exercised the said Auditorship but a short while so that he could hardly recover any part of his disbursment because he was promoted to the Scarlet Gown out of a necessity of selling that Office to make mony of for the supplying of the Warre against the Princes of Italy by which meanes he became exceeding poor and therefore he resolved to abandon the Spanish and betake himself to the French party upon promise from that Crown of mony and pensions This Cardinal is of little esteem in the sacred Colledge insomuch that when he meant to give himself to the French he sent a Gentleman of his to excuse him to Cardinal Montalto saying that his Eminencie was to pardon him for leaving the Austrian and cleaving to the French devotion in regard he was reduced thereunto by meer necessitie whereunto the said Montalto made answer that his Catholique Majestie in losing him lost nothing and the King of France by geting him got litle Not long after insued the Conclave where it is said he carried himself with little fidelity to the most Christian King for being promised I know not what summe of mony together with the Bishoprick of Imola he falsifyed the Marquess of Sansciamont the Ambassador of France his hand to certain letters in the behalf of the Cardinal Pamphilio for which he was turned out of his Majesties favor and likewise deprived of all the benefits and revenues which he enjoyed in that Kingdom whereupon not being able to live as a Cardinal he very much dejected absented himself from the Court and went to the Marquesse santo Vito his brother where out of rage and discontent he became almost frantick and the Pope having granted him the Church of Imola took it away again from him and conferred it on my Lord Cocino Romano who was Bishop of Tursi After he had remained some time with his said brother he returned to the Court where unknown he lived miserably but at length having received some letters from France it is said that he spake thus publiquely to the Pope Blessed Father the most Christian King hath vouochsased to receive me a new into his pristine favor as much as to say in de spight of all my il willers and of such as would not have it so There can no certaine judgement be made what this Cardinals vote will be for he turnes like a leafe with every breath of winde Both the King of France and the Pope make but little account of him and yet they seem to look upon him with a good eye XLVI Fausto Poli. FAusto Poli born in Cassia a place upon the confines of Abbuozzo within the Diocesse of Norcia He was a poor man at first and served Urban the eighth at such time as he was Bishop of Spoletto and had the good hap to continue in his service untill his exaltation to the Papacie and then putting himself into the Prelacie he was after some time as a confident servant of his promoted by Urban to the Scarlet Gown together with many other servants of the Apostolical Palace Poli hath alwaies been much esteemed of and loved by all the Barberini for his serviceableness to them in the managing of their household affaires for which he is onely good being otherwise altogether ignorant and without any known vertue in him The Barberini would not exclude him from the Papacie in regard he is their creature but he is not desired of the Austrians and then too there are other persons of qualitie and age in the sacred Colledge which farre excel him in all requisites appertaining to a Pope and therefore he may set his heart at rest and never think of it This Cardinal is so much for the Barberini that he will alwaies be at their disposing and consequently will ever side with the French He is rich and in case he should be Pope the Bishop of Amelia his Nephew will be he that shall reigne who is not very intelligent is of litle esteeme in the sacred Colledge and lesse regarded in the Court. XLVII Lellio Falconieri LEllio Falconieri was also an assidual servant to Urban the eighth but because he was too talkative the Barberini did not regard him neither did the Pope in like manner much care for him He was a