under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n but_o try_v by_o those_o of_o their_o own_o profession_n their_o great_a offence_n be_v connive_v at_o or_o very_o slight_o examine_v whereby_o many_o grievous_a enormity_n happen_v in_o the_o kingdom_n whereupon_o the_o king_n summon_v a_o parliament_n wherein_o that_o law_n of_o king_n stephen_n exempt_n the_o clergy_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o temporal_a judge_n for_o any_o crime_n whatsoever_o be_v repeal_v and_o the_o ancient_a law_n again_o revive_v and_o enforce_v this_o be_v very_o much_o oppose_v by_o becket_n and_o some_o few_o bishop_n more_o of_o his_o faction_n but_o after_o several_a conference_n these_o law_n be_v confirm_v and_o subscribe_v by_o all_o the_o bishop_n but_o becket_n who_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n assent_v thereto_o without_o insert_v this_o clause_n salvo_n ordine_fw-la svo_fw-la save_v the_o order_n of_o the_o clergy_n which_o will_v have_v utter_o invalidate_v all_o those_o law_n at_o 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estate_n and_o promotion_n into_o his_o hand_n and_o require_v a_o account_n of_o 30000_o mark_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v when_o chancellor_n but_o becket_n bold_o affirm_v that_o the_o king_n have_v give_v it_o he_o free_o and_o therefore_o he_o will_v give_v no_o account_n thereof_o then_o becket_n go_v again_o private_o to_o rome_n without_o licence_n and_o the_o king_n be_v sensible_a that_o his_o des_fw-mi gn_n be_v to_o incense_v the_o pope_n against_o he_o send_v his_o ambassador_n with_o letter_n to_o rome_n declare_v how_o reasonable_a his_o demand_n be_v and_o the_o extraordinary_a perverseness_n of_o becket_n desire_v the_o pope_n he_o may_v be_v deprive_v of_o his_o dignity_n and_o promise_v to_o provide_v for_o he_o some_o other_o way_n but_o the_o pope_n not_o only_o deny_v his_o request_n but_o in_o thunder_a term_n threaten_v to_o send_v two_o legate_n into_o england_n who_o shall_v curse_v the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n unless_o becket_n be_v present_o restore_v 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very_a first_o in_o the_o conspiracy_n against_o he_o in_o that_o action_n he_o bitter_o curse_v the_o hour_n of_o his_o birth_n wish_v god_n curse_v and_o his_o own_o upon_o his_o son_n which_o he_o will_v never_o recall_v by_o any_o persuasion_n but_o come_v to_o chiron_n he_o fall_v mortal_o sick_a and_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o church_n before_o the_o high_a altar_n after_o humble_a confession_n of_o his_o sin_n he_o give_v up_o the_o ghost_n 1189._o have_v reign_v thirty_o four_o year_n and_o eight_o month_n richard_z the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n call_v coeurdelion_n through_o the_o almighty_n mercy_n and_o his_o aid_n jerusalem_n i_o conquer_v and_o set_v free_a the_o turk_n and_o saracen_n who_o waste_v it_o lay_v i_o 〈◊〉_d from_o judea_n soon_o to_o flee_v the_o isle_n of_o cyprus_n be_v subdue_v by_o i_o
pope_n send_v two_o proud_a legate_n into_o england_n pandulphus_fw-la and_o durandus_fw-la who_o persuade_v the_o king_n to_o agree_v with_o langton_n and_o restore_v the_o prior_n and_o monk_n of_o st._n augustine_n to_o their_o land_n and_o office_n to_o which_o john_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o pope_n curse_n and_o to_o prevent_v any_o further_a quarrel_n yield_v only_o desire_v to_o be_v excuse_v as_o to_o the_o election_n of_o the_o archbishop_n yet_o protest_v that_o if_o another_o may_v be_v choose_v he_o will_v prefer_v langton_n to_o some_o other_o bishopric_n but_o the_o legate_n in_o stead_n of_o gratify_v the_o king_n in_o his_o request_n proceed_v immediate_o to_o excommunicate_v he_o pronounce_v the_o pope_n curse_n against_o he_o and_o absolve_v all_o his_o subject_n from_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n towards_o he_o yea_o he_o require_v all_o christian_a prince_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o he_o as_o the_o arch_n and_o grand_a enemy_n of_o the_o church_n of_o god_n nay_o 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pope_n authority_n against_o he_o but_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n find_v he_o shall_v gain_v nothing_o but_o ruin_n and_o destruction_n by_o opposition_n humble_o submit_v himself_o to_o king_n john_n and_o a_o entire_a friendship_n and_o amity_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o they_o the_o french_a king_n resolve_v to_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o pope_n gift_n provide_v great_a force_n to_o invade_v the_o kingdom_n but_o by_o the_o diligence_n of_o king_n john_n 300_o of_o his_o ship_n load_v with_o corn_n victual_n and_o other_o warlike_a provision_n be_v seize_v and_o thereby_o philip_n vain_a hope_n at_o that_o time_n prevent_v however_o the_o pope_n accurse_v the_o king_n again_o and_o again_o so_o that_o despair_v of_o ever_o bâ—ing_v quiet_a without_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n or_o nobility_n he_o all_o on_o a_o sudden_a submit_v himself_o upon_o his_o knee_n to_o pandulphus_fw-la the_o pope_n legate_n confess_v his_o disobedience_n and_o beg_a pardon_n and_o by_o a_o 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church_n and_o that_o the_o crown_n be_v hold_v from_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n but_o the_o french_a king_n refuse_v to_o obey_v affirm_v that_o no_o king_n can_v give_v away_o his_o kingdom_n nor_o the_o protection_n of_o his_o subject_n which_o be_v commit_v to_o he_o by_o god_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o nobility_n gentry_n and_o commons_o and_o that_o therefore_o this_o kingdom_n can_v not_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n nor_o protect_v by_o she_o this_o answer_n so_o vex_v the_o pope_n that_o he_o present_o send_v cardinal_n guallo_n into_o england_n who_o curse_a king_n philip_n and_o lewis_n his_o son_n with_o all_o the_o english_a nobility_n who_o take_v part_n with_o they_o though_o the_o wise_a sort_n little_o regard_v what_o the_o cardinal_n do_v yet_o the_o common_a people_n and_o soldier_n who_o be_v ignorant_o devout_a be_v so_o amaze_v that_o they_o flee_v to_o their_o house_n and_o ship_n and_o other_o enter_v into_o the_o house_n and_o ground_n of_o the_o excommunicate_a lord_n and_o gentry_n rob_v and_o spoil_v all_o before_o they_o suppose_v that_o their_o robbery_n be_v please_v and_o meritorious_a before_o god_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o lord_n be_v much_o distress_v and_o even_o ready_a to_o starve_v for_o want_v of_o sustenance_n none_o dare_v to_o relieve_v they_o so_o that_o they_o be_v at_o last_o necessitate_v to_o throw_v themselves_o at_o the_o king_n foot_n and_o crave_v his_o mercy_n who_o though_o by_o their_o mean_n he_o have_v be_v reduce_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n yet_o be_v of_o a_o merciful_a disposition_n he_o easy_o pardon_v they_o and_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o honour_n and_o land_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o french_a find_v themselves_o forsake_v be_v force_v to_o return_v back_o to_o france_n and_o all_o their_o vast_a design_n perish_v in_o a_o moment_n but_o the_o pope_n intend_v to_o make_v his_o proceed_n against_o king_n john_n a_o precedent_n to_o other_o prince_n assemble_v a_o 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to_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n henry_n the_o third_z king_n of_o england_n amid_o great_a trouble_n and_o confusion_n i_o in_o youth_n ascend_v to_o the_o english_a throne_n england_n be_v then_o oppress_v with_o misery_n by_o frenchman_n who_o by_o i_o be_v overthrow_v for_o the_o brave_a english_a under_o my_o command_n do_v soon_o expel_v those_o their_o insult_a foe_n my_o baron_n do_v my_o sovereignty_n withstand_v and_o bring_v upon_o themselves_o and_o i_o great_a woâ—â—_n for_o in_o each_o battle_n none_o but_o i_o do_v lose_v i_o lose_v my_o subject_n live_v on_o every_o side_n from_o civil_a war_n no_o better_a profit_n grow_v friend_n foe_n my_o people_n all_o that_o beat_v or_o die_v my_o gain_n be_v loss_n my_o pleasure_n be_v my_o pain_n these_o be_v the_o triumph_n of_o my_o troublous_a reign_n after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n john_n henry_n his_o elder_a son_n of_o nine_o year_n old_a be_v crown_v king_n the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n who_o have_v marry_v one_o 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this_o above_o all_o other_o thing_n do_v most_o disturb_v the_o king_n and_o thereupon_o he_o grow_v extreme_a melancholy_n but_o hope_v for_o better_a success_n he_o summon_v another_o parliament_n wherein_o he_o with_o extreme_a passion_n and_o grief_n complain_v of_o his_o hard_a usage_n by_o the_o twelve_o peer_n but_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v so_o far_o from_o remit_v any_o thing_n that_o they_o further_o ratify_v all_o that_o have_v be_v do_v and_o the_o archbishop_n with_o nine_o other_o bishop_n public_o denounce_v a_o solemn_a curse_n against_o all_o that_o by_o advice_n or_o assistance_n shall_v oppose_v those_o law_n or_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o twelve_o peer_n this_o still_o increase_v the_o king_n discontent_n who_o can_v take_v no_o delight_n in_o any_o thing_n he_o enjoy_v and_o therefore_o go_v over_o to_o divert_v himself_o with_o lewis_n king_n of_o france_n who_o treat_v he_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o kindness_n and_o magnificence_n about_o this_o 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third_z king_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n in_o peace_n and_o war_n i_o still_o triumphant_a stand_v fortune_n for_o i_o seem_v to_o fix_v her_o wheel_n i_o do_v revenge_v my_o father_n death_n and_o blood_n and_o force_v france_n my_o valiant_a arm_n to_o feel_v i_o war_v on_o scotland_n with_o victorious_a steel_n the_o slaughter_a sword_n and_o fire_n do_v all_o devour_n a_o kingdom_n so_o divide_v needs_o must_v reel_v betwixt_o the_o bruce_n and_o the_o balliol_n power_n thus_o every_o day_n my_o grandeur_n mount_v high_o with_o black_a prince_n edward_n my_o victorious_a son_n unto_o the_o top_n of_o honour_n we_o aspire_v by_o glorious_a victory_n and_o great_a action_n do_v but_o all_o my_o triumph_n fortune_n force_n and_o strength_n old_a age_n and_o death_n to_o nothing_o bring_v at_o length_n at_o the_o age_n of_o fifteen_o year_n edward_n the_o three_o be_v crown_v king_n his_o depose_a father_n be_v then_o alive_a he_o be_v chief_o counsel_v in_o his_o young_a year_n 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king_n send_v to_o require_v king_n edward_n to_o do_v homage_n for_o the_o duchy_n of_o guienne_n which_o he_o unwilling_o perform_v his_o lord_n be_v therewith_o offend_v allege_v that_o in_o the_o right_n of_o queen_n isabel_n his_o mother_n the_o crown_n of_o france_n belong_v to_o he_o and_o that_o he_o therefore_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v acknowledge_v any_o fealty_n at_o all_o the_o king_n then_o send_v to_o david_n king_n of_o scotland_n to_o restore_v the_o castle_n of_o berwick_n and_o do_v he_o homage_n for_o the_o kingdom_n but_o david_n stout_o answer_v that_o his_o father_n win_v that_o castle_n by_o conquest_n and_o he_o will_v hold_v it_o by_o the_o sword_n and_o that_o his_o father_n never_o acknowledge_v any_o subjection_n and_o if_o any_o have_v be_v due_a yet_o king_n edward_n have_v release_v he_o from_o it_o the_o king_n be_v of_o a_o great_a spirit_n be_v resolve_v to_o revenge_v these_o affront_v by_o conquer_a both_o scotland_n and_o france_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o present_o send_v a_o army_n against_o the_o scot_n and_o overrun_v the_o better_a part_n of_o that_o country_n without_o resistance_n take_v berwick_n and_o crown_v edward_n balliol_n king_n of_o scotland_n to_o who_o he_o commit_v the_o government_n of_o berwick_n castle_n and_o two_o year_n after_o he_o again_o march_v into_o scotland_n and_o settle_v this_o new_a king_n on_o his_o throne_n receive_v his_o homage_n and_o restore_v several_a english_a lord_n to_o their_o estate_n which_o by_o the_o peace_n with_o king_n bruce_n they_o be_v deprive_v of_o david_n the_o depose_a king_n flee_v into_o france_n and_o after_o two_o year_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o french_a king_n land_v some_o force_n in_o scotland_n but_o king_n edward_n soon_o encounter_v and_o rout_v they_o and_o then_o return_v victorious_o into_o england_n in_o his_o ten_o year_n philip_n the_o french_a king_n give_v the_o earldom_n of_o artois_n away_o by_o sentence_n from_o robert_n artois_n to_o 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in_o his_o imprisonment_n and_o therefore_o be_v no_o way_n oblige_v at_o this_o answer_n the_o duke_n be_v much_o enrage_v and_o prepare_v force_n for_o gain_v the_o kingdom_n by_o force_n neither_o be_v harold_n idle_a but_o make_v provision_n to_o withstand_v he_o at_o which_o time_n a_o dreadful_a comet_n appear_v in_o the_o heaven_n which_o be_v then_o judge_v and_o after_o prove_v to_o be_v a_o fatal_a omen_n during_o these_o preparation_n tosto_n brother_n to_o harold_n and_o harfager_n king_n of_o denmark_n with_o three_o hundred_o ship_n invade_v the_o country_n land_v in_o yorkshire_n harfager_n claim_v the_o crown_n as_o son_n of_o canutus_n but_o the_o nobility_n of_o those_o part_n oppose_v they_o be_v rout_v which_o harold_n hear_v march_v against_o they_o and_o at_o stamford-bridge_n he_o encounter_v they_o where_o his_o whole_a army_n be_v withstand_v by_o one_o single_a dane_n who_o slay_v forty_o of_o his_o man_n and_o make_v good_a the_o bridge_n till_o a_o soldier_n in_o a_o boat_n row_v under_o the_o bridge_n thrust_v his_o spear_n through_o a_o crevice_n and_o so_o slay_v this_o valiant_a champion_n after_o which_o the_o king_n fall_v upon_o the_o d_o nes_z and_o get_v a_o entire_a victory_n over_o they_o kill_v king_n harfager_n and_o tosto_n his_o own_o brother_n olave_n the_o son_n of_o harfager_n and_o paul_n earl_n of_o orkney_n be_v take_v prisoner_n with_o abundance_n more_o who_o beg_v their_o life_n the_o king_n order_v twenty_o of_o their_o three_o hundred_o ship_n to_o carry_v they_o to_o denmark_n with_o sad_a news_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o king_n and_o his_o whole_a army_n no_o soon_o be_v this_o storm_n over_o but_o a_o worse_o begin_v for_o duke_n william_n have_v prepare_v a_o great_a army_n and_o navy_n resolve_v for_o england_n have_v the_o free_a consent_n of_o his_o nobility_n for_o his_o voyage_n many_o of_o they_o assist_v he_o therein_o but_o first_o he_o send_v to_o pope_n alexander_n to_o confirm_v his_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n who_o do_v it_o ready_o and_o withal_o send_v he_o a_o consecrate_a banner_n a_o agnus_n dei_fw-la and_o a_o hair_n of_o st._n peter_n with_o a_o curse_n to_o all_o opposer_n to_o carry_v in_o the_o ship_n wherein_o he_o himself_o sail_v be_v thorough_o furnish_v he_o and_o his_o man_n embark_v at_o st._n vallery_n where_o they_o stay_v a_o long_a time_n for_o a_o wind_n at_o length_n set_v sail_n sept._n 28._o 1066._o he_o arrive_v with_o his_o fleet_n at_o pevensey_n in_o sussex_n where_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o land_v it_o happen_v one_o of_o his_o foot_n stick_v so_o fast_o in_o the_o sand_n that_o he_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n whereupon_o one_o of_o his_o attendant_n catch_v he_o by_o the_o arm_n and_o help_v he_o up_o say_v stand_v up_o my_o lord_n and_o be_v of_o good_a courage_n for_o now_o you_o have_v take_v fast_o foot_v in_o england_n and_o observe_v that_o he_o have_v take_v up_o sand_n and_o earth_n in_o his_o hand_n he_o add_v you_o have_v now_o take_v livery_n and_o seisin_n of_o the_o country_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n that_o when_o possession_n be_v take_v of_o land_n a_o piece_n of_o earth_n be_v give_v to_o the_o possessor_n a_o wizard_n or_o necromancer_n have_v tell_v duke_n william_n that_o he_o shall_v safe_o arrive_v in_o england_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n without_o any_o hindrance_n from_o harold_n which_o after_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v king_n william_n send_v for_o this_o conjurer_n to_o confer_v further_o with_o he_o but_o it_o be_v tell_v he_o that_o he_o be_v drown_v in_o that_o ship_n which_o alone_o of_o the_o whole_a navy_n miscarry_v whereupon_o the_o conqueror_n say_v he_o will_v never_o put_v confidence_n in_o that_o science_n which_o be_v of_o more_o benefit_n to_o the_o ignorant_a than_o the_o skilful_a therein_o for_o it_o seem_v he_o can_v foresee_v my_o good_a fortune_n but_o not_o his_o own_o misfortune_n after_o his_o land_n the_o duke_n set_v all_o his_o ship_n on_o fire_n to_o assure_v his_o man_n that_o they_o must_v either_o conquer_v or_o die_v he_o then_o march_v towards_o hastings_n declare_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o come_n to_o be_v to_o inherit_v the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v give_v he_o by_o king_n edward_n and_o strict_o charge_v his_o soldier_n not_o to_o wrong_v any_o of_o the_o people_n in_o the_o least_o since_o they_o be_v so_o soon_o to_o become_v his_o natural_a subject_n he_o then_o send_v messenger_n to_o harold_n either_o to_o deliver_v he_o up_o the_o country_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o he_o or_o to_o fight_v it_o out_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o both_o army_n in_o single_a combat_n or_o last_o to_o stand_v to_o the_o pope_n determination_n but_o he_o return_v answer_v that_o unless_o he_o do_v sudden_o depart_v he_o will_v give_v he_o cause_n to_o repent_v this_o his_o rash_a invasion_n and_o that_o the_o next_o day_n it_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o more_o sword_n than_o one._n according_o harold_n march_v courageous_o against_o duke_n william_n who_o put_v himself_o into_o a_o posture_n to_o receive_v he_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o morning_n before_o the_o battle_n william_n armourer_n by_o mistake_n put_v on_o his_o back-piece_n before_o and_o his_o breastplate_n behind_o which_o be_v observe_v by_o some_o of_o his_o attendant_n be_v judge_v a_o ill_a omen_n and_o therefore_o they_o advise_v he_o not_o to_o fight_v that_o day_n to_o who_o the_o duke_n reply_v i_o value_v not_o such_o foolery_n but_o if_o i_o have_v any_o skill_n in_o soothsay_v as_o in_o truth_n i_o have_v none_o i_o be_o of_o the_o opinion_n it_o do_v before_o ell_n that_o i_o shall_v change_v my_o condition_n and_o of_o a_o duke_n shall_v this_o day_n become_v a_o king_n the_o army_n be_v marshal_v harold_n place_v the_o kentish-man_n with_o their_o heavy_a axe_n
with_o several_a other_o christian_a prince_n against_o the_o infidel_n in_o the_o holy_a land_n be_v fortunate_a in_o all_o his_o proceed_n save_v only_o in_o his_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n for_o his_o success_n be_v so_o great_a there_o that_o he_o be_v free_o offer_v to_o be_v make_v king_n of_o jerusalem_n which_o he_o as_o generous_o refuse_v by_o reason_n of_o his_o absence_n his_o young_a brother_n henry_n without_o the_o least_o trouble_n or_o difficulty_n ascend_v the_o english_a throne_n with_o the_o universal_a approbation_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o commons_o who_o inclination_n be_v the_o strong_a towards_o he_o because_o he_o be_v bear_v in_o england_n after_o his_o father_n be_v crown_v king_n and_o from_o the_o great_a opinion_n they_o have_v of_o his_o singular_a virtue_n learning_n and_o good_a temper_n yet_o before_o his_o coronation_n the_o noble_n oblige_v he_o to_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v ease_v the_o people_n of_o the_o great_a tax_n and_o many_o 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from_o his_o court_n all_o flatterer_n as_o traitor_n to_o his_o state_n and_o government_n and_o all_o luxury_n sumptuousness_n in_o apparel_n and_o superfluity_n in_o diet_n he_o utter_o discountenance_v he_o ordain_v that_o thief_n and_o highway_n robber_n shall_v be_v punish_v with_o death_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o diligence_n and_o application_n he_o endeavour_v to_o reform_v the_o monstrous_a pride_n intolerable_a covetousness_n and_o extreme_a sloth_n and_o negligence_n of_o the_o clergy_n he_o recall_v anselm_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n from_o banishment_n and_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o bishopric_n give_v he_o full_a power_n to_o call_v convocation_n and_o synod_n at_o his_o pleasure_n for_o regulate_v the_o intolerable_a abuse_n of_o the_o church_n yet_o leave_v to_o the_o pope_n his_o authority_n to_o invest_v bishop_n by_o give_v they_o the_o ring_n the_o pall_n and_o the_o pastoral_n staff_n all_o such_o ecclesiastical_a dignity_n and_o revenue_n which_o his_o brother_n by_o the_o lewd_a advice_n of_o reynulph_n bishop_n of_o durham_n have_v seize_v into_o his_o hand_n he_o free_o confer_v upon_o grave_a and_o learned_a person_n and_o commit_v reynulph_n prisoner_n to_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n from_o whence_o he_o afterward_o escape_v and_o earnest_o invite_v duke_n robert_n who_o be_v now_o return_v with_o great_a honour_n from_o the_o holy_a land_n to_o recover_v the_o kingdom_n with_o his_o sword_n who_o thereupon_o raise_v a_o great_a army_n with_o a_o design_n to_o transport_v they_o to_o england_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n henry_n have_v by_o his_o proceed_n endear_v himself_o to_o his_o people_n confirm_v they_o now_o further_o by_o marry_v maud_n sister_n of_o edgar_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o daughter_n of_o malcolm_n by_o margaret_n his_o wife_n sister_n to_o edgar_n atheling_n and_o daughter_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o son_n of_o edmund_n ironside_n the_o victorious_a and_o valiant_a king_n of_o the_o saxon_n soon_o after_o duke_n robert_n arrive_v with_o his_o army_n at_o portsmouth_n many_o english_a join_v with_o he_o and_o great_a expectation_n and_o fear_n arise_v of_o a_o bloody_a war_n but_o by_o the_o discreet_a mediation_n of_o friend_n to_o both_o side_n a_o love_a agreement_n be_v conclude_v upon_o almost_o the_o same_o condition_n as_o with_o william_n rufus_n namely_o that_o henry_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o crown_n during_o life_n pay_v to_o robert_n three_o thousand_o mark_n a_o year_n whereupon_o robert_n return_v back_o to_o the_o great_a discontent_n of_o his_o own_o nobility_n afterward_o robert_n return_v again_o to_o england_n to_o congratulate_v his_o brother_n good_a fortune_n where_o he_o be_v royal_o entertain_v and_o at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o sister_n queen_n maud_n he_o forgive_v the_o payment_n of_o the_o three_o thousand_o mark_n a_o year_n yet_o after_o a_o while_n the_o ambition_n of_o dominion_n cause_v henry_n upon_o some_o slight_a occasion_n to_o quarrel_v with_o his_o brother_n which_o proceed_v so_o far_o that_o he_o go_v over_o to_o normandy_n with_o a_o army_n where_o be_v assist_v by_o many_o of_o the_o duke_n discontent_a nobility_n and_o gentry_n he_o so_o prevail_v against_o robert_n that_o he_o take_v the_o city_n of_o rouen_n caâ—n_n and_o valois_n from_o he_o who_o be_v forsake_v of_o all_o flee_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o to_o secure_v himself_o king_n henry_n return_v victorious_o into_o england_n and_o robert_n perceive_v that_o his_o lord_n and_o people_n have_v utter_o forsake_v he_o and_o refuse_v their_o assistance_n and_o henry_n strength_n and_o riches_n increase_v he_o come_v private_o into_o england_n and_o present_v himself_o to_o his_o brother_n refer_v himself_o and_o all_o his_o concern_v to_o his_o own_o determination_n but_o the_o king_n either_o know_v the_o inconstancy_n of_o the_o duke_n or_o be_v prepossess_v by_o some_o whisperer_n that_o he_o do_v not_o intend_v upright_o turn_v from_o his_o distress_a 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thirteen_o year_n and_o five_o month_n and_o live_v fifty_o six_o 1412._o and_o be_v bury_v at_o canterbury_n in_o his_o admonition_n to_o his_o son_n at_o his_o death_n he_o speak_v thus_o as_o long_o as_o englishman_n have_v wealth_n and_o riches_n so_o long_o shall_v thou_o have_v obedience_n from_o they_o but_o when_o they_o be_v poor_a they_o be_v still_o ready_a for_o commotion_n and_o rebellion_n henry_n the_o five_o king_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n from_o the_o lancastrian_n line_n successive_o i_o england_n glorious_a golden_a garland_n get_v i_o mix_v justice_n still_o with_o clemency_n much_o blood_n i_o shed_v yet_o bloodshed_n love_v not_o time_n may_v my_o bone_n and_o sepulchre_n destroy_v but_o time_n can_v never_o blast_v my_o endless_a fame_n oblivion_n my_o great_a act_n can_v never_o annoy_v or_o make_v forgetfulness_n forget_v my_o name_n in_o france_n a_o game_n at_o tennis_n i_o do_v play_v with_o roar_a racket_n thunder_a gun_n and_o drum_n and_o what_o i_o 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his_o people_n and_o to_o prevent_v any_o eruption_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o welsh_a he_o build_v divers_a fort_n and_o castle_n on_o the_o frontier_n garrison_v with_o some_o thousand_o of_o stout_a soldier_n in_o his_o first_o year_n he_o order_v the_o body_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o to_o be_v remove_v with_o great_a pomp_n and_o solemnity_n from_o langley_n to_o westminster_n and_o bury_v it_o with_o queen_n ann_n his_o first_o wife_n in_o his_o second_o year_n he_o call_v a_o parliament_n at_o leicester_n in_o which_o he_o be_v earnest_o petition_v to_o suppress_v the_o religious_a house_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n as_o be_v now_o only_o the_o nursery_n of_o idleness_n gluttony_n lechery_n and_o pride_n the_o revenue_n whereof_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v worth_a 20000_o l._n a_o year_n which_o will_v then_o maintain_v 15_o earl_n 1500_o knight_n and_o above_o 6000_o soldier_n beside_o a_o allowance_n to_o a_o great_a number_n of_o almshouse_n to_o divert_v this_o 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french_a king_n charles_n the_o six_o who_o in_o the_o king_n name_v require_v the_o peaceable_a surrender_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n with_o the_o entire_a dutchy_n of_o aquitain_n normandy_n anjou_n poictou_n and_o main_a propose_v that_o if_o without_o effusion_n of_o blood_n the_o french_a king_n will_v yield_v to_o his_o demand_n he_o will_v then_o vouchsafe_v to_o take_v his_o daughter_n katherine_n in_o marriage_n and_o will_v endow_v she_o with_o all_o the_o aforementioned_a province_n and_o allow_v the_o french_a king_n all_o honour_n and_o respect_n but_o if_o he_o refuse_v to_o deliver_v his_o patrimony_n without_o blow_n he_o will_v then_o endeavour_v to_o gain_v it_o by_o the_o sword_n wherein_o he_o must_v expect_v his_o people_n will_v suffer_v all_o the_o calamity_n of_o a_o war._n the_o french_a king_n and_o nobility_n be_v much_o surprise_v at_o this_o unexpected_a message_n and_o therefore_o desire_a time_n to_o deliberate_v on_o so_o weighty_a a_o affair_n 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high_a constable_n and_o high_a admiral_n of_o france_n the_o duke_n of_o alencon_n brabant_n and_o bane_n thirty_o four_o earl_n and_o lord_n eight_o thousand_o knight_n esquire_n and_o gentleman_n and_o about_o sixteen_o hundred_o common_a soldier_n beside_o ten_o principal_a duke_n and_o lord_n take_v prisoner_n on_o king_n henry_n side_n be_v not_o slay_v above_o six_o hundred_o soldier_n and_o two_o commander_n after_o this_o k._n henry_n march_v safe_o to_o calais_n where_o have_v refresh_v themselves_o they_o take_v ship_v for_o england_n be_v enrich_v with_o gold_n silver_n and_o costly_a armour_n in_o abundance_n and_o the_o king_n be_v receive_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o joy_n and_o triumph_n into_o london_n the_o french_a king_n be_v extreme_o trouble_v at_o this_o great_a overthrow_n but_o the_o dauphin_n especial_o insomuch_o that_o he_o die_v as_o be_v think_v for_o mere_a vexation_n soon_o after_o the_o earl_n of_o arminiach_n be_v make_v high_a constable_n the_o duke_n of_o exeter_n the_o king_n uncle_n governor_n of_o harflew_v understanding_n he_o be_v go_v that_o way_n with_o some_o force_n sudden_o issue_v out_o upon_o he_o and_o defeat_v his_o whole_a party_n which_o so_o enrage_v the_o new_a constable_n that_o with_o all_o speed_n he_o besiege_v harflew_v on_o every_o side_n with_o five_o hundred_o ship_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n seyn_fw-mi which_o k._n henry_n have_v notice_n of_o he_o present_o send_v a_o stout_a army_n embark_v in_o two_o hundred_o ship_n who_o fall_v upon_o the_o french_a fleet_n in_o sight_n of_o the_o town_n utter_o destroy_v they_o with_o a_o vast_a slaughter_n of_o man_n and_o thereby_o force_v the_o constable_n immediate_o to_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o king_n henry_n then_o call_v a_o parliament_n and_o declare_v to_o they_o his_o right_n to_o france_n they_o free_o give_v he_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n wherewith_o sail_v into_o normandy_n he_o win_v the_o strong_a town_n of_o caen_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n such_o private_a quarrel_n arise_v between_o the_o french_a nobility_n as_o much_o advantage_v k._n henry_n who_o daily_o win_v the_o chief_a town_n in_o normandy_n and_o then_o lay_v a_o formal_a siege_n to_o the_o great_a city_n of_o rouen_n which_o be_v strong_o fortify_v and_o well_o provide_v so_o that_o k._n henry_n give_v many_o terrible_a assault_n in_o vain_a upon_o which_o be_v inform_v that_o there_o be_v above_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n woman_n and_o child_n within_o the_o wall_n he_o resolve_v to_o gain_v it_o by_o famine_n without_o blow_n and_o to_o that_o end_n cast_v a_o deep_a ditch_n about_o the_o city_n pitch_v full_a of_o sharp_a stake_n and_o guard_v with_o archer_n the_o inhabitant_n can_v neither_o pass_v in_o nor_o out_o so_o that_o in_o two_o month_n time_n the_o famine_n increase_v so_o grievous_o that_o the_o citizen_n drink_v nothing_o but_o vinegar_n and_o water_n and_o be_v force_v to_o eat_v rat_n mouse_n cat_n dog_n and_o horse_n and_o the_o poor_a sort_n be_v turn_v out_o perish_v miserable_o between_o the_o gate_n and_o the_o english_a trench_n the_o famine_n still_o grow_v more_o outrageous_a they_o send_v four_o knight_n four_o scholar_n and_o four_o of_o their_o chief_a burgess_n clothe_v all_o in_o black_a as_o commissioner_n to_o the_o king_n who_o speak_v to_o this_o purpose_n great_a and_o renown_a prince_n in_o all_o age_n king_n and_o valiant_a captain_n have_v gain_v the_o great_a glory_n and_o reputation_n by_o subdue_a their_o proud_a and_o haughty_a enemy_n with_o their_o sword_n and_o valour_n and_o it_o have_v be_v always_o reckon_v a_o note_n of_o baseness_n and_o cowardice_n in_o a_o prince_n to_o overcome_v by_o famine_n and_o want_v of_o food_n wherein_o there_o be_v neither_o wise_a conduct_n nor_o true_a courage_n that_o your_o highness_n may_v therefore_o equal_a the_o great_a conqueror_n in_o generosity_n we_o
desire_v you_o to_o sufferour_n sick_a and_o wound_a man_n with_o our_o woman_n and_o child_n to_o pass_v safe_o through_o your_o camp_n and_o if_o afterward_o you_o dare_v assault_v our_o wall_n and_o fort_n and_o by_o your_o courage_n shall_v happen_v to_o become_v our_o lord_n you_o may_v then_o deal_v with_o we_o as_o you_o please_v and_o by_o this_o action_n may_v make_v yourself_o famous_a among_o those_o hero_n who_o scorn_v all_o mean_a attempt_n and_o regard_v nothing_o so_o much_o as_o unspotted_a honour_n and_o reputation_n the_o king_n have_v with_o some_o trouble_n hear_v this_o bold_a oration_n he_o present_o return_v this_o undaunted_a answer_n proud_a &_o vain_a glorious_a frenchman_n do_v you_o imagine_v that_o i_o be_o so_o weak_a a_o scholar_n in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n as_o not_o to_o have_v yet_o learned_a the_o principle_n thereof_o be_v not_o the_o sword_n fire_n and_o famine_n the_o three_o principal_a instrument_n wherewith_o the_o most_o renown_a king_n and_o gallant_a captain_n have_v ever_o and_o do_v still_o endeavour_v to_o subdue_v their_o enemy_n and_o be_v join_v together_o be_v they_o not_o able_a to_o conquer_v the_o stout_a nation_n in_o the_o world_n it_o be_v my_o goodness_n and_o clemency_n that_o i_o do_v not_o assault_v your_o wall_n with_o my_o sword_n because_o i_o will_v not_o willing_o be_v the_o death_n of_o any_o but_o those_o who_o wilful_o seek_v their_o own_o destruction_n neither_o do_v i_o intend_v to_o consume_v so_o fair_a a_o jewel_n as_o this_o city_n be_v with_o fire_n but_o desire_v to_o preserve_v it_o as_o be_v my_o own_o right_a and_o inheritance_n if_o i_o then_o use_v the_o mild_a of_o the_o three_o that_o be_v famine_n to_o correct_v you_o and_o bring_v you_o to_o reason_n you_o may_v if_o you_o please_v quick_o free_v yourselves_o from_o it_o by_o deliver_v this_o city_n into_o my_o hand_n which_o if_o you_o shall_v obstinate_o refuse_v i_o will_v make_v you_o sensible_a that_o every_o impudent_a talk_v fellow_n be_v not_o fit_a to_o instruct_v prince_n in_o martial_a affair_n neither_o aught_o bookish_a unexperienced_a plebeian_n to_o read_v warlike_a lecture_n to_o i_o who_o be_o their_o enemy_n you_o desire_v nay_o you_o saucy_o require_v that_o your_o sick_a and_o starve_a people_n may_v pass_v into_o the_o country_n through_o my_o army_n and_o then_o if_o i_o dare_v i_o may_v assault_v your_o town_n the_o world_n will_v certain_o wonder_v at_o your_o cruelty_n who_o have_v barbarous_o and_o uncharitable_o thrust_v out_o of_o your_o gate_n multitude_n of_o innocent_a poor_a distress_a people_n of_o your_o own_o blood_n kindred_n and_o country_n on_o purpose_n that_o i_o shall_v unmerciful_o kill_v and_o destroy_v they_o yet_o such_o have_v be_v my_o mercy_n that_o i_o have_v often_o relieve_v and_o succour_v they_o but_o since_o i_o find_v your_o obstinacy_n still_o continue_v i_o henceforth_o resolve_v not_o to_o give_v they_o any_o comfort_n and_o if_o they_o perish_v with_o famine_n as_o they_o needs_o must_v god_n will_v require_v their_o blood_n at_o your_o hand_n who_o will_v most_o wicked_o expose_v they_o to_o these_o calamity_n and_o not_o at_o i_o who_o will_v willing_o preserve_v they_o if_o i_o can_v have_v my_o right_n be_v you_o therefore_o assure_v that_o since_o you_o remain_v so_o obdurate_a they_o shall_v not_o pass_v through_o my_o army_n but_o die_v at_o your_o gate_n unless_o your_o hard_a heart_n yield_v they_o some_o pity_n and_o when_o i_o see_v cause_n i_o will_v assault_v your_o town_n to_o your_o cost_n but_o will_v not_o be_v direct_v how_o nor_o when_o by_o you_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o will_v have_v you_o know_v that_o he_o who_o do_v thus_o invade_v and_o march_v through_o the_o very_a bowel_n of_o your_o country_n he_o who_o have_v already_o take_v as_o strong_a though_o not_o so_o great_a city_n as_o this_o and_o he_o who_o with_o the_o death_n and_o destruction_n of_o your_o chief_a noble_n captain_n and_o most_o valiant_a man_n at_o arm_n have_v force_v his_o way_n thus_o to_o besiege_v your_o town_n dare_v also_o if_o he_o please_v assault_v it_o and_o doubt_v not_o in_o the_o least_o to_o win_v it_o when_o he_o shall_v think_v fit_a the_o king_n have_v thus_o speak_v order_v that_o the_o french_a commissioner_n shall_v dine_v with_o his_o great_a officer_n of_o state_n and_o with_o a_o frown_a countenance_n turn_v from_o they_o after_o dinner_n the_o frenchman_n consult_v among_o themselves_o humble_o beg_v of_o the_o king_n a_o truce_n for_o eight_o day_n to_o consult_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v which_o the_o king_n natural_o incline_v to_o clemency_n free_o grant_v during_o which_o daily_a conference_n pass_v between_o both_o party_n but_o nothing_o be_v conclude_v upon_o which_o the_o townsman_n desire_v only_o one_o day_n more_o which_o be_v frank_o assent_v to_o in_o which_o the_o common_a people_n hear_v nothing_o be_v do_v fall_v into_o a_o dreadful_a mutiny_n and_o threaten_v to_o 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his_o people_n take_v advantage_n of_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o penal_a law_n employ_v sir_n richard_n empson_n and_o edmond_n dudleâ—_n therein_o who_o be_v attend_v with_o a_o band_n of_o cheat_n and_o informer_n ruin_v abundance_n of_o people_n in_o many_o country_n in_o england_n so_o that_o no_o man_n think_v himself_o secure_a of_o any_o thing_n he_o enjoy_v in_o his_o twenty_o first_o year_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o castille_n be_v drive_v by_o storm_n into_o england_n be_v entertain_v by_o the_o king_n with_o all_o kind_n of_o magnificence_n and_o the_o next_o year_n king_n henry_n grow_v sick_a and_o infirm_a and_o perceive_v his_o time_n be_v short_a he_o deprive_v those_o caterpillar_n of_o their_o power_n who_o during_o his_o sickness_n plague_v the_o people_n more_o than_o ever_o he_o likewise_o pardon_v all_o offence_n and_o restore_v great_a sum_n to_o those_o who_o have_v be_v rob_v by_o those_o wretched_a cormorant_n be_v extreme_a penitent_n for_o the_o 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northampton_n rutland_n lincoln_n leicester_n derby_n and_o nottingham_n continue_v two_o hundred_o and_o two_o year_n 7._o the_o last_o kingdom_n be_v that_o of_o the_o east_n angle_n contain_v the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n which_o last_v three_o hundred_o fifty_o three_o year_n yet_o during_o the_o time_n of_o this_o heptarchy_n many_o of_o the_o british_a prince_n valiant_o defend_v their_o lawful_a inheritance_n and_o with_o great_a courage_n endeavour_v to_o prevent_v the_o saxon_a yoke_n from_o be_v impose_v upon_o their_o neck_n among_o who_o be_v vortimer_n the_o son_n of_o vortigern_n aforementioned_a for_o vortigern_n be_v after_o sixteen_o year_n reign_n depose_v from_o the_o government_n for_o his_o kindness_n to_o the_o saxon_n his_o son_n vortimer_n be_v choose_v king_n of_o the_o britan_n and_o present_o engage_v against_o the_o saxon_n gain_v so_o much_o in_o four_o famous_a victory_n over_o they_o that_o they_o be_v almost_o extirpate_v he_o erect_v a_o 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careticus_fw-la this_o last_o king_n raise_v a_o civil_a war_n among_o his_o own_o subject_n the_o britan_n which_o make_v they_o forsake_v he_o and_o leave_v he_o to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o saxon_n who_o pursue_v he_o he_o flee_v to_o cirencester_n in_o berkshire_n for_o safety_n but_o his_o enemy_n take_v several_a sparrow_n fasten_v fire_n to_o their_o foot_n and_o let_v they_o fly_v into_o the_o city_n who_o light_v upon_o straw_n and_o thatch_a house_n burn_v the_o city_n to_o the_o ground_n but_o careticus_fw-la escape_v and_o flee_v for_o security_n to_o the_o mountain_n of_o wales_n where_o he_o die_v after_o twenty_o four_o year_n civil_a dissension_n cadwan_n be_v make_v king_n during_o these_o trouble_n austin_n the_o monk_n who_o be_v send_v hither_o by_o pope_n gregory_n to_o convert_v the_o britan_n carry_v himself_o very_o insolent_o at_o a_o meeting_n with_o the_o british_a bishop_n at_o a_o place_n thence_o name_v augustine_n oak_n in_o worcestershire_n they_o can_v 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time_n conquer_v by_o stranger_n which_o happen_v about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 689._o yet_o the_o saxon_n according_a to_o the_o common_a fate_n of_o conqueror_n after_o they_o have_v subdue_v their_o enemy_n disagree_v among_o themselves_o and_o several_a of_o their_o prince_n encroach_v upon_o the_o territory_n of_o each_o other_o and_o so_o become_v petty_a monarch_n of_o some_o part_n of_o britain_n these_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v fourteen_o in_o number_n till_o at_o last_o egbert_n the_o eighteen_o king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n get_v command_n over_o all_o the_o seven_o kingdom_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o so_o become_v sole_a monarch_n of_o england_n which_o none_o of_o his_o predecessor_n before_o ever_o obtain_v he_o have_v war_n fourteen_o year_n with_o the_o cornish_a and_o welsh_a and_o take_v westchester_n their_o chief_a hold_n from_o they_o make_v a_o strict_a law_n against_o any_o welshman_n that_o shall_v pass_v over_o offa_n dike_n or_o set_v one_o foot_n within_o his_o english_a dominion_n he_o slay_v bernulf_n king_n of_o mercia_n in_o battle_n and_o drive_v the_o king_n of_o kent_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n the_o east_n angle_n and_o east_n saxon_n submit_v to_o he_o and_o likewise_o the_o south_n saxon_n whereupon_o he_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v crown_v absolute_a monarch_n at_o winchester_n and_o this_o monarchy_n continue_v in_o the_o saxon_n till_o the_o dane_n first_o get_v and_o then_o lose_v it_o again_o and_o the_o saxon_n issue_n fail_v upon_o their_o next_o entrance_n it_o than_o fall_v to_o the_o norman_n as_o by_o the_o sequel_n will_v appear_v in_o the_o fourteen_o year_n of_o egbert_n the_o dane_n with_o thirty_o three_o ship_n land_v in_o england_n to_o who_o he_o give_v battle_n but_o have_v the_o worst_a of_o the_o day_n lose_v two_o of_o his_o chief_a captain_n and_o two_o bishop_n but_o the_o dane_n return_v two_o year_n after_o into_o wales_n and_o join_v with_o the_o welsh_a
he_o be_v discourse_v and_o drink_v on_o horseback_n as_o the_o cup_n be_v at_o his_o mouth_n a_o servant_n of_o the_o queen_n by_o her_o contrivance_n strike_v he_o into_o the_o back_n with_o a_o knife_n or_o dagger_n at_o which_o set_v spur_n to_o his_o horse_n to_o get_v away_o and_o faint_v with_o loss_n of_o blood_n he_o fall_v from_o his_o horse_n with_o one_o foot_n in_o the_o stirrup_n and_o be_v drag_v up_o and_o down_o the_o wood_n till_o at_o last_o his_o body_n be_v leave_v dead_a at_o the_o gate_n of_o corf_n castle_n when_o this_o fact_n be_v commit_v the_o queen_n be_v so_o strike_v with_o remorse_n that_o to_o expiate_v her_o gild_n she_o build_v two_o monastery_n almsbury_n and_o wormwell_n for_o as_o mr._n fox_n observe_v most_o of_o these_o religious_a house_n be_v found_v either_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o some_o public_a or_o private_a murder_n edward_n the_o martyr_n as_o he_o be_v call_v be_v thus_o slay_v etheldred_n his_o young_a brother_n the_o son_n of_o edgar_n and_o queen_n elfrida_n succeed_v he_o reign_v thirty_o eight_o year_n but_o be_v very_o unfortunate_a and_o full_a of_o trouble_n all_o his_o time_n it_o be_v relate_v that_o when_o archbishop_n dunstan_n christen_v etheldred_n as_o he_o hold_v he_o over_o the_o font_n the_o child_n be_v not_o very_o clean_o whereupon_o the_o bishop_n swear_v by_o the_o mother_n of_o god_n this_o boy_n will_v prove_v a_o unhappy_a and_o slothful_a prince_n which_o happen_v according_o at_o his_o coronation_n a_o cloud_n appear_v half_o like_o blood_n and_o the_o other_o half_a like_o fire_n in_o his_o three_o year_n the_o dane_n invade_v the_o kingdom_n in_o several_a place_n and_o the_o king_n pay_v they_o forty_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a for_o his_o quiet_n which_o much_o disoblige_v his_o subject_n yea_o the_o english_a be_v so_o low_a that_o the_o dane_n command_v their_o house_n wife_n daughter_n and_o all_o they_o have_v whereupon_o etheldred_n contrive_v that_o all_o the_o dane_n 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etc._n i_o seem_v in_o wisdom_n age_a in_o my_o youth_n a_o princely_a pattern_n i_o reform_v the_o time_n with_o christian_a courage_n i_o maintain_v god_n truth_n and_o christian_a faith_n '_o against_o antichristian_a crime_n my_o father_n do_v begin_v it_o in_o my_o prime_n and_o bial_a and_o belial_n from_o this_o kingdom_n drive_v and_o i_o do_v still_o endeavour_v all_o my_o time_n by_o all_o mean_n to_o advance_v god_n truth_n and_o love_n to_o add_v grace_n unto_o grace_n i_o always_o strive_v i_o live_v belove_v both_o of_o god_n and_o man_n my_o soul_n unto_o its_o maker_n soar_v above_o my_o mortal_a part_n return_v to_o earth_n again_o thus_o death_n my_o just_a proceed_n do_v prevent_v and_o peer_n and_o people_n do_v my_o loss_n lament_v edward_n be_v bear_v at_o hampton-court_n oct._n 17._o 1537._o be_v the_o only_a survive_a
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