as Hostages for their Fathers Loyalty They ordered also that all such as repaired to Cusco the Imperial City should be attired according to their own Country Fashion so to prevent those Leagues and Associations which otherwise without any Notice or Observation might be made amongst them and many such politick Institutions were by them devis'd As for the Names of the Ingas of Peru Mango-Capac descended of the chief of the first seven Families was the first who laid the Foundation of this puissant Monarchy The Fourteenth Inga of this Race was Atabaliba who was vanquished and taken Prisoner by Francisco Pizarro the Spanish Commander at Caxamalca in the Country of Lima where tho he gave him for a Ransom of his Life and Liberty an House piled up on all sides with Gold and Silver valued as some say at ten Millions of Crowns yet they slew him at last in whose place Pizarro substituted his second Brother called Mango-Capac the Second who was the Fifteenth Inga and who after many Vicissicudes of Fortune was at last slain in the City of Cusco and so the Kingdom of the Ingas began and ended in a Prince of the same Name as it has happened to many Estates Armorial Ensigns for the Distinction of Persons being a thing of common notion among Mankind have been found in some sort from all Antiquity in all Nations more or less and the Gentilitial Arms of the Ingas of Peru on their first Discovery were found to be a Field Argent charged with a Rainbow proper betwixt two Snakes extended also proper As to the Forces and Revenues of these Ingas doubtless they were exceeding great for tho as Heylin says we find no particular Musters which they made of their Men nor what great Armies they drew with them into the Field yet by their great Successes and many Victories we may conclude them to have been Masters of great Bands of Men and skilful in the Arts of Conduct nor can we otherwise conjecture at the Greatness of their yearly Revenues but by the Greatness of their Treasure so infinite and almost incredible that all the Vessels of the King's House his Table and Kitchen were of Gold and Silver Statues of Giants in the Wardrobe together with the Resemblance in proportion and bigness of all the Beasts Birds Trees Plants and Fishes which were found in that Kingdom of the purest Gold Ropes Budgets Troughs Chests all of Gold or Silver Billets of Gold piled up together as if they had been Billets of Wood cut out for the Fire three Houses full of Pieces of Silver all which besides infinite of other Treasures fell into the Hands of a few poor Spaniards In the Northern Division of America called Mexicana the King of Spain has Mexico the chief City of all America It was formerly situate in Lakes and Islands and built on Piles like Venice every where interlaced with the pleasant Currents of fresh and Salt Waters and carrying a Face of more Civil Government than any of America tho nothing if compared with Europe But the Town being destroyed by Cortez it s now built on firm Land on the Edge of the Salt Lake and bordering on a large and spacious Plain It s in compass six Miles and contains six thousand Houses of the Spaniards and sixty thousand of Indians The Inhabitants are so very rich that generally the Merchants Tradesmen and Artificers go in greater State and more splendid Equipage than any People elswhere of the like condition The Inhabitants of that Country were governed by the Chief of their Tribes till the year 1322 that Acamapitzli was elected the first King who with his Successors encroach'd upon their Neighbours till the year 1502 when Montezuma the Second came to be their tenth King who who in the Eighteenth Year of his Reign was subdued by Cortez and the City was taken sacked and burnt by the Spaniards assisted by many Confederates of that Country August 13. 1521 it being in the time of the Emperor Charles the Fifth The Kings of Mexico are said to have worn a Crown resembling that which is now used by the Dukes of Venice And the Name of the first Mexican King being Acamapitzli which in the Mexican Tongue signifies an handful of Reeds as Acosta writes they carried in their publick Ensigns in memory of that great Prince An Hand grasping many Arrows of Reeds and the peculiar Arms of Mexico are a Field Argent charged with an Eagle Proper holding in his Right Foot a Bird the other standing on a Cochinele Tree proper growing out of a Stone The Revenues of the Kings of Mexico are thought to have been almost infinite raised out of all Commodities and paid in kind whether natural or artificial only the King participating of the Fruits of all Mens Labours and sharing with them in their Wealth some paying in Cups full of Powder of Gold of two handfuls apiece some Diamonds and Beads of Gold Plates of Gold of three quarters of a yard long and four Fingers broad Turquois Stones Golden Targets rich Feathers Pictures c. not to mention things of inferior Value all which in such a wealthy and large Estate must needs afford him a Revenue equal to the greatest Monarchs IV. The Revenues of the King of Spain which ordinarily arise out of his Estates are computed to be nine millions of Crowns yearly viz. four from his Dominions in Italy three from the West-Indies and two from his Kingdoms of Spain He receives besides yearly the Revenues of all the Masterships of the great Orders of his Kingdom which amount to an hundred and fifty thousand pounds of yearly Rents beside the opportunity of preferring Servants of the greatest merit Moreover the Free Gifts and Contributions of his Subjects and his Usualties and extraordinary ways of raising Monies supply him with vast Sums and nevertheless this King is not counted to be rich in Treasure his Expences being very great in keeping Forts and Garrisons in many parts of his Estates and in maintaining Frontier Places and an Armada for conducting his Plate-Fleet c. It s observable that the Kingdom of Spain according to the least Computation is said to be five hundred miles in compass more than France and nevertheless France is esteem'd to contain near double the number of Inhabitants which has been occasion'd by the Extirpation of the Jews and Moors and by sending out yearly so many of their Subjects to Foreign Plantations c. they acting herein contrary to the Romans who finding nothing more necessary for great and important Enterprizes than multitudes of Men employed all their Studies to increase their Numbers by Marriages Colonies and such helps making their conquered Enemies free Denisons of their Commonwealth by which means the number of the Roman Citizens became so great that Rome could not be ruined by any Forces but its own The German Line of the House of Austria I. AS Charles the Fifth eldest Son to Philip the First was Author of the Spanish Line
THE Present STATE OF THE UNIVERSE Or an ACCOUNT of I. The Rise Births Names Matches Children and near Allies of all the present Chief Princes of the World II. Their Coats of Arms Motto's Devises Liveries Religions and Languages III. The Names of their Chief Towns with some Computation of the Houses and Inhabitants Their Chief Seats of Pleasure and other Remarkable things in their Dominions IV. Their Revenues To which Are added some other Curious Remarks as also an Account of Common-Wealths relating to the foregoing Heads Parvula sic totum pervisit pupula Mundum LONDON Printed and are to be Sold by Randall Taylor near Stationers-Hall 1694. Presented to R. Hooke by his Worthy Friend the Author July 4. 1694. To the HONOURABLE CHARLES COTTINGTON Esquire SIR HIstory being much the Study of a Gentleman I have presum'd a Dedication of these few Praeludia relating to it to your self Not but your own Reading Conversation and Travels may have already furnished you with far more and more accurate Particulars in this kind than my poor Essays may afford but what I have written is chiefly intended for your hopeful Offspring to whom I conceived a brief Idea of the World in this kind relating to those chief Potentates under whose Dominion God at present has put it might be of use for initiating their Understandings till being come to more mature years their own Studies and Observations in Travels may inure them to well digested Thoughts concerning the various Governments of the World whereby they may be rendered serviceable to the Nation in which they live It 's well known how Eminent for Parts and Services to this Nation the late Lord Cottington your Uncle was whose Family a few years since being reduced in the Male-Line only to your self you see Providence by vouchsafing you three flourishing Branches of Male-Issue has given you good Hopes and a fair Prospect of a long Continuance of it And as the many Favours I have received from you have highly engaged me to wish Prosperity to it so whenever any thing shall be suggested to my Understanding whereby I may be a Mean to promote it it shall most readily be put in Execution by Sir Your most Obliged Kinsman and most Humble Servant John Beaumont Jun. THE Present STATE OF THE UNIVERSE c. The House of Austria THE Illustrious House of Austria having the largest extent of Dominions among the European Princes I have thought fit to begin with that This House owes its Original to the Earls of Habsburg whom a late Writer derives from the Counts of Mount Aventine of the ancient Perleonian Family which was formerly of the greatest Repute and Authority of any in Rome and had its seat on Mount Aventine Albertus Dives Anicius Perleonius a person Descended of the said Family was driven out of Rome An. 1144. by the Arnaldistick Hereticks together with his Brother Rudolph in defence of the Roman See Whereupon he travelled into Switzerland and there married the Daughter of Wernerus last Earl of Habsburg of the Anician Perleonian Race This Albertus Dives Anicius was Great Grandfather to Rudolph the fourth Earl of Habsburg the first German Emperour of the Anician Perleonian Family This Rudolph the first was the Common Father of the Austrian Family born May 1. 1218. He was elected Emperour An. 1273. by the unanimous consent of the Princes of the Empire and crowned the same year at Aix la Chapelle and at a Diet held at Ausburg An. 1282. he had Austria settled on his eldest Son Albert who was first Duke of Austria and Schwaben on Rudolph his youngest Son Philip the first descended from Albert was born An. 1478. and An. 1496. he married the Princess Johanna eldest Daughter and Heiress to his Catholick Majesty Ferdinand of Spain in whose right he immediately became possest of the Kingdoms of Castile and Arragon He had for his Sons Charles the fifth and Ferdinand the first betwixt which two Princes there was a division made of the Provinces when the House of Austria became likewise divided into the Spanish and German Lines The Spanish Line I. THE Author of the Spanish Line was Charles the fifth born at Ghent in Flanders An. 1500. At fourteen years of Age he had the Government of the Netherlands given him At sixteen he was Crowned King of Spain At nineteen elected Emperour and Crowned the year following at Aix la Chappelle He annexed the Duchy of Milain to his House for ever He concluded a Peace with the Protestants at Passaw An. 1552 and three years after he Abdicated his Government leaving the Empire to his Brother Ferdinand and the Kingdom of Spain with the Low Countries and its other dependencies to his Son Philip Great Grandfather to the present King of Spain Charles the Second who was born Nov. 6. 1661 and on the 21. of December following was Christened Carolus-Joachimus-Josephus-Antonius-Leonardus He succeeded in the Kingdom at the death of his Father Philip the Fourth who died Sept. 17. 1665. and in the year 1675 being entred on the fifteenth year of his Age he took on him the Government of his Estates whereas during his minority the supream Government was under the Regency of the Queen his Mother named Mary-Anne Daughter of the Emperour Ferdinand the Fourth and is now Dowager of Spain She was born Oct 12. 1631. and married to Philip the Fourth King of Spain Nov. 7. 1649. This King Aug. 31. An. 1679. espoused the Princess Mary-Louise of Orleans eldest Daughter to Philip Duke of Orleans by the Princess Henrietta-Maria youngest Daughter to our late King Charles the First The Prince of Conde espoused her in the Chappel of the House of Fontainebleau in the name of the King of Spain and the Marriage was Consummated Nov. 19. of the said year 1679 near Burgos in Old Castile She was born March 7. 1662. And this Queen dying without Issue An. 1689. he the same year married Maria-Anna Daughter of Philip-William Duke of Newburg and Elector Palatine the present Queen born Oct. 28. 1667. II. For Arms he bears Quarterly the first Quarter Counter-Quartered in the first and fourth Gules a Castle triple towered Or each with three Battlements bordered Azure Purfled Sable for Castile In the second and third Argent a Lion Gules Crowned Langued and armed Or for Leon. In the second great Quarter Or four great Pallets Gules for Aragon Party Or four Pallets also Gules betwixt two Flanches Argent charg'd with as many Eagles Sable membred becked and crowned Azure for Arragon and Sicily These two great Quarters grafted in Base Argent a Pomegranate Verte stalked and leav'd of the same open and seeded Gules for Granada On the whole Argent five Escutcheons Azure placed crosswise each charg'd with five Besants Argent placed in Saltier for Portugal The Shield bordered Gules with seven Towers Or three in Chief two in Fesse and two toward the Base for Algarve In the third great Quarter Gules a Fesse Argent for Austria Coupé and supported
not any account thereof to rely on but it s generally agreed that the Houses for the most part are but of one Story and the Sreets being not pav'd so troublesom a dust is rais'd by the Wind in the Summer that it forces those who have not Portative Chairs to cover their Faces with a Linnen Cloth reaching to their Girdles thro which they may see without being seen and the Dirt makes the Streets altogether as offensive in the Winter In this City as they say the King has a Pallace of great Magnificence and Curiosity Nanking is the next chief City of China and not inferiour to the former only in the number of Inhabitants which by reason of the Kings Residence at Peking is there greater The Houses of the chief Merchants are very well built and of many Stories They compute in it a Million of Inhabitants without comprising a Garrison of forty thousand Men kept there by the Tartars under the Command of the Lieutenant General of the Southern Provinces who resides there There are several accounts of the vast numbers of Cities Towns Villages Houses and Inhabitants of China as also of their incredible numbers of Shipping concerning all which we want more perfect accounts to rely on IV. It s said that the Kings of China have ordinarily had an yearly Revenue of above one hundred and fifty Millions of Crowns His Revenues as C ham of Tartary may be what he lists himself he being the absolute Lord of all the Subject has without any thing he can call his own But that which ordinarily accrues to him is the Tenth of the Wooll Silk Hemp Corn and Cattle and he draws into his own Hands all the Gold and Silver which is brought into the Country and which he causes to be melted and preserv'd in his Treasury imposing on his people instead of mony in some places Cockleshells others a black Coin made of the Bark of Trees with his stamp on it and he keeps to himself the whole Trade of Pearl fishing which no Man upon pain of death dares fish for but by leave from him INDIA I. THE Emperour of India call'd the Great Mogul or King of Indostan is nam'd Aureng-Zebe which in the Indian Language signifies The Ornament of the Throne He is call'd the Mogul by reason of his descent from the Mongul Tartars one of the five great Tribes or Nations mention'd in the foregoing Head into which that people was divided deriv'd Originally from the Great Tamerlane The present Emperour began to Reign An. 1660 after the cruel Deaths which he made his own Father and Brothers to suffer he being the third of four Sons of that Prince He has many Children and his eldest Son is call'd Sultan Mahmond II. The Armorial Shield of India is Argent semè with Besants Or his Livery is of a _____ colour He professes the Mahometan Religion which has been long Embrac'd by the Tartars from whom they were originally descended and he uses the Scythian or Tartarian Language from which the Turks a Scythian people differ but in Dialect and a sprinkling of the Persian intermixt with it III. The City where he keeps his Court is call'd Agra He formerly resided at Lahor Agra is esteem'd twice as great as Hispaan The Houses of the Persons of Quality are Magnificent tho they are but of one Story or two at most and are environ'd with very high Walls to keep their Wives from being seen IV. This King has an infinite Treasure in Gold and pretious Stones His yearly Revenue is said to be fifty Millions of Crowns and he is Heir to every Mans Estate that is worth an having the Persons and Purses of his Subjects being at his sole disposal so that he may amass what Treasures and raise what Forces for War he pleases Decan and Cambaia I. THE name of the King of Decan and Cambaia is Idalcansi or Idalschaa II. He bears Verte encompast with a Collar of large precious Stones His Livery is of a _____ colour He professes the Mahometan Religion and uses the _____ Language III. His chief Cities are Decan and Visapore tho he resides ordinarily at Danoger There is much talk of a great Canon he has in his Artillery He has in his Country an Hill encompast with an high Wall and kept by a strong Garrison because of the great store of Diamonds and other Precious Stones which are dug out of it An. 150◠the Portugueses took from a Prince of Decan the Island and Town of Goa which they have since made the Capital of their East India Conquests Golchonda and Orixa I. THE King of Golchonda and Orixa is call'd Cha John II. He professes the Mahometan Religion III. His Capital City is Golchonda which is very fair and strong All the Merchants Lodge in the Suburbs and the Kings Officers and persons of Quality in the Town IV. This Prince has in his Estates a very rich Mine of Diamonds CALICUT I. THE name of the King of Calicut is Zamorin II. He professes the Mahometan Religion III. His Capital City and the ordinary place of his Residence is Calicut It is in length extended upon the Sea shore three Miles and a Mile in breadth containing about six thousand Houses but mean and low built few of them exceeding the height of a Man on Horseback the Soil being so hollow and full of water that it is not capable of a Foundation for an heavier building and for that cause unwall'd so that Merchants Houses are here valued but at twenty Crowns those of the Common sort no more than ten yet it is of great Trading The Portuguese forc'd a Foundation on the shore there for a strong Castle but were so put to it by the King of Calicut that they were fain to demolish it and to quit their Posts The Priests or Bramans there were yellow clothing because they think this colour Consecrated to God by reason of its resemblance to the Sun and to Gold PEGU THE Kingdom of Pegu and the Town of its name are now almost ruin'd Siriangh is at present the most considerable Town of the Kingdom and the ordinary place of the Kings Residence Pegu was once the chief City and was very famous having round about it a Moat in which Crocodiles were kept to keep people from surprising the Town The people of Pegu have white Elephants in great Veneration and think they draw on them a Benediction and that their false Prophet Xaca was Metamorphoz'd into that Animal This King is a Pagan SIAM I. THE present King of Siam is about forty years of Age. II. He is a Pagan tho the people of Siam are generally Adiaphorists that is to say all Religions are indifferent to to them because they believe them all good wherefore they tolerate them all so they may consist with the Laws of their State III. The Capital City is Siam it s said to be one of the finest a Man can look on The buildings are of an admirable Structure and the
Temples Monasteries and gilded Towers appear so rich and beautiful that they surpass all may be imagin'd of most stately JAPAN I. POntier tells us the Emperour of Japan's name is Xogun or Taico Mallet says its Quane II. According to the Relation of the Ambassadors of the Dutch East-India Company sent to this Emperour his Arms are Or with six Stars Argent in an Oval Shield and bordered with little Points of Gold Mallet says he bears Sable with three Trefoils Argent He is a Pagan III. Meaco was formerly the Capital City of Japan while the Emperours there resided but since he has left it it is not so considerable tho it contains still above one hundred thousand Houses the most part built of Carpenters Work as being less subject to be shaken with Earthquakes which are there very frequent In this City is a most magnificent Palace in which the Dairy or Chief Priest resides Yedo is now the Capital City the Emperour there residing The Houses are generally built of Clay and cover'd with Wood that the moisture might not prove offensive The great Mens Palaces are numerous and of a magnificent Structure There is one Street in the Town near four Leagues in length The Emperours Palace there is one of the most beautiful of Japan The Temple of Amida in Yedo is very stately IV. This Country is very Fertile in Corn Beasts Wild-Fowl Pearls Mines of Gold and Silver and others Rice alone as it s said brings this Emperour yearly two Millions of Crowns TONQUIN I. THE present King of Tonquin is about fifty five years of Age. II. He is a Pagan and when a King is there newly elected the number of Beasts sent to be Sacrifis'd in the Temples of their false Gods is said to be one hundred thousand III. The Capital City is Checo Tonquin is judg'd almost in equal extent with France The Tonquineses say that the whole Kingdom contains above twenty thousand Cities and Towns and many more there would be but that many of the people choose rather to live on the Water than on the Land so that the greatest part of their Rivers is cover'd with Boats which serve them instead of Houses IV. The chief Riches of Tonquin which yield a great Revenue to the King consists in the great quantities of Silks which are there worn by Rich and Poor and in their Musk and Lignum Aloes of which there is some worth one thousand Crowns the pound according to its goodness and oiliness tho there is some not worth above 3 l. it being dry The Names and Ages of some other East-India Princes THE old Sultan of Bantam nam'd Abdul Fete if now living is about sixty years of Age. His Son Sultan Annum-Cassar Abdull-Massar is aged thirty seven years Sasnum Emperour of Java vulgarly call'd the Mandarin is aged about forty years Sultan Annum-Abdull-Negara King of Jambee is aged about forty five years Sultan Rutterro King of Cherriboam aged about thirty nine years Sultan Adisbull-Abdull-Isphew King of Macasser aged about forty four years Raja Pallacca King of the Buggesses the High Land of Macasser aged about fifty seven years The King of Ceilon now about eighty six years of Age. MOROCCO and FEZ I. NOT to go farther for the Rise of the Emperors of Fez and Morocco a Family of them called the Marine Family begun in Jacob Ben-Joseph ann 1270 who held their Residence at Fez as the first Seat of their Empire Morocco being then governed by an Under-King and the rest of the Provinces of the Kingdom cantoned into several States Now it happened about the year 1508 that Mahomet Ben Amet a Native of Dora in the farther Numidia pretending a Descent from their Prophet Mahomet caused himself to be called Xeriffe a Name by which the Kindred and Successors of that Impostor used to call themselves and being a poor Hermite only which sort of pretended Saints have often imposed on this People plotted to make his Sons the chief Princes of Mauritania To this end he sent them to Meccha whence they returned with such an opinion of Sanctity that Mahomet the then King of Fez made Amet the elder of them Governor of the famous College of Amadorach and the youngest called Mahomet Tutor to his Children In those days the Portuguese greatly infested the Provinces of the Realm of Morocco to repress whose Insolences Mahomet and Amet obtained Commissions tho much opposed therein by Muley the King's Brother who told him that under colour of Religion they might quickly raise themselves to a power and how unsafe it was to trust an arm'd Hypocrisie But this Counsel was rejected and they being furnished with an Army defeated Lopez Barriga Commander of the Portugal Forces under King Emanuel and compelled that King to abandon all his Footing there and they subdued Duccata Sus and Hea three Provinces of the Realm of Morocco entered that City poisoned the Tributary King and salute Amet King thereof by the name of Xeriffe of Morocco investing Mahomet the other Brother in the Kingdom of Sus. During these Successes the King of Fez died and his Successor named Amet an improvident young Prince confirms his quondam Tutors in their new Estates conditionally they should hold of him in Chief and pay him the accustomed Tributes Amet denied both Tribute and Superiority to the King of Fez whom he overthrew in a set Field and was himself afterwards vanquished and dispossessed of his Kingdom upon some quarrel breaking out by his Brother Mahomet King of Sus who having got the Kingdom of Morocco united Fez unto it also by the vanquishment of Amet the King thereof who at last was slain by the Turks of his Guard From this Mahomet is descended Ismael Muley or Muler her Brother to the late King of Taffilette by the Mother-side present Emperor of Barbary and Morocco King of Fez Susa and Taffilette being about forty years of Age. II. He bears for Arms three Wheels Argent He professes the Mahometan Religion and styles himself Xeriffe of the Race of Mahomet Xeriffe signifying an illustrious and sacred person The Language spoken at present in most of the Maritime Towns of Barbary except those of Fez and Morocco is the Arabick In those two Kingdoms and most part of the Country Villages the Punick or Old African the ancient Languages of the Country is spoken The Punick in all places where anciently the Carthaginians were of any power the African whatsoever it was in the parts of Mauritania not subject to them III. The two Capital Cities are Fez and Morocco the latter was reckoned once amongst the greatest Cities of the World at what time it was said to contain one hundred thousand Families but by the Depredations of the Barbarians and the removal of the Seat Royal to Fez it s hardly a third part so big as formerly The Castle there is very large and strong on a Tower whereof stand three Globes made of pure Gold prized at six hundred thousand Livres There is no City
in all Barbary which equals Fez in Greatness Beauty and Number of Inhabitants Some count in it twenty eight thousand Housholds and seven hundred Mosques the chief of which is Carnven being a mile and an half in compass the Roof is large and high raised it s one hundred and fifty yards in length and eighty in breadth there is a College called Amadorach a most curious and delicate Building it has three Cloisters of admirable Beauty supported with eight square Pillars of divers Colours the Roof is curiously carved and the Arches of Mosaick Work of Gold and Azure The Gates are of Brass finely wrought and the Doors of the private Chambers are of inlaid Work This College cost the Founder three hundred and eighty thousand Crowns There are about one hundred hot Baths well built with four Halls to each and certain Galleries without where they put off their Cloaths when they go to bath themselves IV. As for his Revenues he is absolute Lord of the whole Estate and of his Subjects Goods and Bodies He has the Tenth and First Fruits of all Fruits Corn and Cattle tho many times contented in the Name of the First Fruits with one in twenty He receives the fifth part of a Ducat for every Acre of Land throughout his Dominions the other four parts for every Fire and as much for every Head above fifteen years of Age. Of Merchandize he receives of every Native two in the hundred of every Alien ten and has a large Impost upon every Mill. When any of his greater Officers or Judges die he is sole Heir of all their Goods and yet advances great Sums by the Sale of those Offices And upon extraordinary Occasions he levies what Taxes he pleases but commonly he is pretty moderate in them HABESSINIA I. THE Emperors of the Habissins and Kings of Upper Aethiopia pretend to be descended from Solomon and Magueda or Nizaule as Josephus names her the Queen of the South or of Sheba The name of the present Emperor is Malec Saghedus The genuine style of an Epistle written by him to the Pope was thus Libellus Epistolae à Malec Saghedo Rege Regum Aethiopiae perveniat ad Sanctum Patriarcham Romanum II. The Arms of this King are usually said to be the same with those of the Tribe of Judah viz. a Lion Rampant in a Field Or with this Motto Vicit Leo de Tribu Judah But others say his Arms to be Luna a cross Portate Mars charged with a Crucifix Sol betwixt two Scourges of the Second He professes the Christian Religion but is a Schismatick and owns the Patriarch of Alexandria He uses the Aethiopick Language which is a Dialect of the Hebrew but the Dialect there used by the Persons of Quality and the Learned is the Amarick III. He has scarce any considerable Town People living there most in Tents IV. His Revenues are not in Ready Mony but consist of the natural Products of his Country by an even way of Tribute some pay Gold others Horses Cows Oxen Sheep Bread Corn Ox-hides and Garments c. MONOMOTOPA I. THE King of this Country was baptized with his his whole Court by one Gonsalvo a Jesuit by the name of Sebastian that being the name of the then King of Portugal ann 1560 but he caused the said Gonsalvo to be put to death afterwards at the solicitation of four Mahometans whom in the end he also caused to be slain II. His Arms are Azure two bearded Arrows in Pale Or. Some give him a Dart and a Pickax III. His Capital City is Monomotopa the Houses are made of Wood and Earth bound together with a sort of Bitumen they are but two stories and are covered with Straw or Branches of Trees the tops are raised like a Tent they are contrived to lie open after such a manner as to be refreshed by the Winds which reign according to the diversity of the Seasons all their Fronts resemble each other and are painted with divers Colours and embelished with many Figures they mix certain Gums with those Colours which make them resist the Injuries of the Weather The Emperor's Palace is not without its Beauty CONGO I. IN the Reign of John the Second King of Portugal ann 1490 the Discovery and Conversion of the Kingdom of Congo happened the then King there being Christened John from whom the present King is descended and continues of the Roman Religion according to a Relation given by the Capucins ann 1665. II. His Arms are Gules a Cross Argent cantoned with four Escutcheons of the same each charged with five Roundles Sable placed in Saltier These Arms having been formerly given one of the Kings of Congo by Don Alphonso King of Portugal Others say these Arms in their beginning were Gules a Cross flowered Argent charged in the midst with an Escutcheon Azure charged with five Besants Argent placed in Saltier within a Border Azure charged in each Angle with two Cockle-Shells Or. Others say his Arms are Mars five Swords meeting in Base Sol which Coat was taken by Alphonso the Second Christian King of Congo because in the Battel which he fought against Panse Aquitine he and his Soldiers saw or fancied they saw such a Number of shining Swords hanging in the Air with their Points turned directly upon the Enemy III. His chief Town is S. Salvador which is of large extent and well peopled the Houses are built with Wood and Branches of Trees bound together with a little Earth mixed with Lime IV. The only Money of this Kingdom is Cockle-Shells tho the King has great Treasures from Mines of Silver and other Metals from the Sale of Slaves from Elephants Teeth c. FINIS Advertisement to the READER AS to the Account here given concerning the Chief Princes of the World and the several Heads relating to them I well know that the last year a small Book was printed in 120 relating to the first Head of mine viz. The Births and Names of the Chief European Princes I know also that a few years since a Book was set forth in Latin by a German Writer giving a Genealogical Account of the Chief Princes of Europe which Book was translated into English and publish'd also the last year But it cannot be said that I transcribe from these for it s well known to many Gentlemen in London that the year before Mr. Gadbury set forth the Births of some European Princes in his Almanack I had a Collection of them ready for the Press Indeed as for what Princes have been born since that time I have now and then made use of those Books tho their Births are also to be found in our Gazettes And as to the Rise of the European Princes I have generally followed the said German Author tho I only briefly intimate the Rise and Descent of each Prince in his direct Line and do not deduce an entire Genealogical Series of them according to the several Branches of their Families as he has done As to the Blazon of the Princes Coats of Arms and some other particulas in the Work I have chiefly followed two French Writers in them viz. Manesson Mallet in his Geographie Universelle and Gedeon Pontier in his Cabinet des Granâ—â— As to the greatness and Populosity of Cities I have chiefly used Sir William Petty's Account of them and some things I have taken from Dr. Brown's Account of his Travels relating to them And as for other Matters I have us'd several Authors according as things have occur'd to me in my Reading and inserted what I have otherwise receiv'd by information Upon the whole I conceive a brief view of the World according to the Heads set down by me may be gratefulâ—â— and usefully instructive to Gentlemen tho I cannot 〈…〉 them with that accurateness or rendred them 〈…〉 as a second Edition set forth by me or some other industrous Hand hereafter may afford FINIS
present Elector after the Decease of Charles Elector Palatine which happened ann 1685 became possessed of the Electorate by virtue of the Instrument of Peace at Osnabrug but since was thrown out by the French King anno 1688 and tho he had recovered many places in it ann 1689 by the assistance of the Confederates yet he continued at Neuburg Of the Family of Brunswick and Lunenburg from which the new made Elector of Hanover is descended THE Family of Brunswick and Lunenburg for its great Antiquity seems to bear the Bell in a manner from all the rest It owes its original to the ancient Welffs of whom see in Spencer's Sylloge Genealogica Henry the Lion descended from these Duke of Bavaria and Saxony and Successor to his Father ann 1139 may be properly looked upon as the common Father of all the Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburg tho falling into disgrace with the Emperor Barbarossa he was proscribed and so lost all his Dominions except the Districts of Brunswick and Lunenburg he married Maud Daughter of Henry the Second King of England and had by her three Sons and two Daughters Otho their youngest Son born ann 1204 the other Brothers dying without Issue-male was created the first Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by the Emperor Frederick the Second From him the present Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburg are descended for Ernestus the Seventh Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg who died anno 1546 left among other Children two Sons Augustus and William of whom the first was Author of the new Line of Brunswick Wolfembuttel whose Sons Rudolphus Augustus and Antonius Ulricus now live together in joint Authority and the other viz. William being Author of the Line of Brunswick-Lunenburg-Hanover whose Grandson Ernestus-Augustus Bishop of Osenburg is now Duke of Brunswick Lunenburg-Hanover He was born Novemb 10. 1629 and ann 1658 he married the Lady Sophia Daughter to Frederick the Fifth Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia born Oct. 13. 1630. This Duke is lately made a new Elector of the Empire There Children are I. Georgius-Ludovicus Prince Hereditary born May 28. 1660 and on Nov. 21. 1682 he married his Cousin German Sophia Dorothea only Daughter of his late Uncle George-William Duke of Zell she was born Sept. 15. 1666. He has Issue by her 1. Georgius-Augustus born Oct. 30. 1683. 2. Gulielmus-Ernestus born 1685. 2. Fredericus-Augustus born Octob. 3. 1661 who died in Hungary 1689. 3. Maximilianus-Gulielmus born Dec. 14. 1666. He died in the Morea 4. Sophia Charlotta born Octob. 20. 1668 and married to Frederick the Third the present Elector of Brandenburg Oct. 6. 1684 by whom she has one Prince alive named Fredericus Gulielmus born Aug. 4. 1688. 5. Carolus-Philippus born Oct. 13. or 23. 1669. he died in Hungary ann 1690. 6. Christianus born Sept. 29. 1671. 7 Ernestus Augustus born Sept. 17. 1674. There are other Princes in Germany of the Houses of Hesse Meckleburg Wirtenburg Baden Anhalt Saxon-Lawenburg c but I give an account only of the Electoral Houses omitting the rest FRANCE 1. HUGH the Great Duke of France Burgundy and Aquitain Marquess of Orleans and Earl of Paris died in the year 956. His eldest Son Hugh Capet upon the Death of Lewis the Slothful last King of France of the Race of Charlemagne was by the unanimous consent of the Peers of France inaugurated King of that Kingdom ann 987 from whom is descended Lewis the Fourteenth the present King of that Kingdom born at St. Germains Sept. 5. new style 1638. Of the several Branches of the Line of Hugh Capet he is descended in a direct Line from Robert Count of Clermont and Lord of Bourbon youngest Son of Lewis the Ninth who died of the Plague at the Siege of Tunis ann 1270. The Surname of Bourbon is derived to the present French King from the said Robert King Henry the Fourth his Grandfather being the first King of France of the said Surname who having first professed himself of the Roman Religion whereas before he had been a Protestant was crown'd King of France ann 1594. The present King succeeded his Father ann 1642 or 3 and Sept. 7. 1651. he was declared Major for by a Sanction put forth by King Charles the Fifth surnamed the Wise who came to the Crown of France ann 1364 the eldest Sons of France were for the future to be declared of Age at fourteen years old and fit to be crown'd and govern he was crown'd at Rheims by the Archbishop of that See Jun. 7. 1654 and Jun. 9. 1660 he was married at St. John de Luz to Maria-Teresa Daughter to Philip the Fourth King of Spain by his first Wife the Princess Elizabeth Daughter to Henry the Fourth King of France She died July 30. 1683 by whom the King has only one Son now living namely Lewis the Fifteenth surnam'd the Hardy the present Dolphin born Nov. 1. 1661 and March 7. 1680 was married to the Electoral Princess of Bavaria Maria-Anna Victoria-Christina Daughter to Ferdinandus-Maria the late Elector of Bavaria The Contract was signed at Munic Dec. 30. 1679. She since died ann 1690. The Dolphin has Issue by her three Sons viz. 1. Lewis Duke of Burgundy born at Versailles Aug. 6. at twenty minutes past ten of the Clock in the Evening ann 1682. 2. Philip Duke of Anjou born Nov. 9. 1683. 3. Gaston Duke of Berry born Aug. 31. 1686. Concerning the Dolphin note that he is so called because Humbert the Second Earl of Dolphiné descended of the Blood Royal of France seeing himself destitute of Issue made over the Province of Dolphiné an 1358 to Philip de Valois the then King of France for forty thousand Florins and on condition that for the future the eldest Son of France should still be styl'd The Dolphin And Charles the Fifth above-mentioned surnamed The Wise who came to the Crown of France ann 1364 was the First who in his Father's Life-time was styled The Dolphin Now besides the Dolphin the present King of France has several natural Children viz. 1. Maria Anna de Bourbon born ann 1666 and married anno 1680 to Lewis de Bourbon Prince de Conti. 2. Lewis de Bourbon Duke of Vermandois born ann 1667 supreme Intendant of the Marine He died ann 1683. These two were born him by Aolisia-Frances de la Beaume la Blanche de la Valiere Duchess of Vaujour and Peeress of France Daughter to Lawrence de la Valiere She is now a Carmelite Nun by the name of Sister Aloisia de Misericordiâ 3. Ludovicus-Augustus de Bourbon Duke of Maine born ann 1670 and made legitimate three years after viz. 1673. 4. Ludovicus-Caesar de Bourbon Count of Vexin born ann 1672. He died 1683. 5. Aloisia-Frances de Bourbon Mademoiselle de Nantes born An. 1673. and married An. 1685. to Lewis Duke of Bourbon 6. Aloisia-Maria-Anna deceased An. 1681. 7. Ludovicus Alexander de Bourbon Count of Toulouse born An. 1678. Legitimated An. 1681 Intendant of the Marine 8. Frances-Maria de Bourbon Mademoiselle
de Blois born An. 1681. These six were born him by Frances Athanasia de Roche Chovart Gabriel Prince de Mortemars Daughter and Wife to Henry-Lewis Paidallan Marquess of Montespan The French King has only one Brother viz. Philip Duke of Orleans born Sept. 1. An. 1640. He espoused for his first Wife the Princess Henrietta-Maria youngest Daughter to our late King Charles the First She was born at Exeter Jun. 16. 1644 and died An. 1670. He had by her four Children viz. 1. Maria-Aloisia born March 27. 1662. and married Nov. 17. 1679. to Charles the Second King of Spain She died without Issue by him An. 1689. 2. Philip who died an Infant 3. Another Daughter not named 4. Anna-Maria born Aug. 27. 1669. and Apr. 9. 1684. married to Victor Amadeus the Second the present Duke of Savoy The next year after the forementioned Duchess of Orleans died An. 1671. The Duke married Elizabeth Charlotta Daughter to Charles-Lewis Elector Palatine who was born in May 1652. The Espousals were celebrated at Metz Nov. 26. of the said year he has Issue by her 1. Philip Duke of Chartres born Aug. 2. 1671. 2. Elizabetha-Charlotta Mademoiselle de Chartres born Sept. 13. 1676. The Princes of the Blood BEing to name the Princes of the Blood I shall shew withal how they are descended and allied to the King of France Robert the Fifth Count of Clermont and Lord of Bourbon youngest Son to King Lewis the Ninth as mentioned before was the person in whom the Line of Hugh Capet is continued in the Crown of France Charles Duke of Vendôme lineally descended from him was born An. 1489. And left among other Children two Sons viz. Anthony the eldest who was Duke of Vendôme and King of Navarr Great Grandfather to the present King of France 2. Lewis Prince of Conde Great Grandfather to the present Prince of Conde Henry-Julius de Bourbon born Jul. 29. 1643. formerly stiled Duke D'Enghien and now since his Fathers death Prince of Conde He was married Dec. 11. 1667. to the Princess Anne Daughter to Edward Prince Palatine of the Rhine who was born July 23. 1647. and is since deceased but he has by her the following Issue 1. Maria-Teresa Mademoiselle de Bourbon born 1666. 2. Lewis de Bourbon Duke D'Enghien born 1668. and married 1685. to Aloisia-Frances Natural Daughter to the King of France by Madam de Montespan who was born 1673. 3. Maria-Anna Mademoiselle de Monmorency born 1675. 4. Anna-Maria Victoria Mademoiselle D'Enghien born 1676. 5. Aloisia-Benedicta Mademoiselle de Conde born 1678. The Prince of Conde had also a Brother viz. Armand Prince de Conti born 1629. married to Anna-Maria de Monmorency Cardinal Mazarines Neice by the Sister 1659. Deceased 1666 leaving behind him two Sons viz. 1. Lewis de Bourbon Prince of Conti born 1661. and in 1680 he married Anna-Maria de Bourbon the Kings Natural Daughter by Madam de la Valiere who was made Legitimate He died without Issue An. 1685. 2. Francis-Lewis de Bourbon the now Prince of Conti born 1664 or 8. Besides these Princes of the Blood the King has also three Cousin Germans living Daughters to his Uncle Gaston-John-Baptist late Duke of Orleans 1. Anna-Maria Duchess of Montpensier born An. 1627. unmarried 2. Margarita-Aloisia born An. 1645. and married An. 1661. to Cosmus the Third Great Duke of Tuscany 3. Isabella born An. 1649 and married An. 1667. to Joseph-Lewis Duke of Guise She is now a Widow Note That tho this King of France be but the twenty sixth King inclusively of the Line of Hugh Capet yet he is the sixty first King of France for there preeceded twenty one Kings of the Race of Merovius and thirteen Kings of the Race of Charlemagne before the Line of Hugh Capet came in II. For Arms he bears Azure three Flower de Luces Or two in Chief and one in Base the Escutcheon is environed with the Collars of the Orders of S. Michael and the Holy Ghost It has for Crest an Helmet Or entirely open thereon a Crown Clos'd after the manner of an Imperial Crown with eight Inarched Rayes topt with a double Flower de Luce. The Supporters are two Angels habited as Levites the whole under a Pavilion Royal semè of France lin'd Ermines with these words Ex omnibus floribus elegi mihi Lilium Lilia neque laborant neque nent These words The Lilies do not Spin as a late French Writer tells us import that the Flower de Luces which represent the Crown of France never fall to the Distaff and that the Female Sex cannot inherit according to the Salique Law The same Custom having prevailed among the Chaldeans Egyptians Persians Chineses Turks Tartars and Parthians tho the Daughters have sometimes succeeded in England Spain Sicily Sueden c. The King of France pretending likewise a right to Navarre bears also for that Kingdom Gules a Carbuncle noued Or which having a resemblance to Chains of Gold is Blazon'd by some Chains of Gold Interlac'd parted into Orbes Pales Fesses Counterbands or Saltiers The King of France's Device is Consiliis Armisque Potens or also this Nec pluribus Impar Note That the Arms of France in the days of Pharamond and his three Successors were Gules three Crowns Or. Clovis the Great altered them to Azure semè of Flower de Luces Or and Charles the Sixth who came to the Crown An. 1380 reduc'd the Lilies in his Coat of Arms to three The Kings Livery is of a blew colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the French Language III. Paris is the Capital City of France which has the pleasant River Seine running thro the midst of it I shall speak concerning the extent and number of the Houses and Inhabitants of this and other Cities when I come to speak of London wherefore I shall pass by these things at present As for his chief Seats of pleasure the chief is that noble Seat at Versailles four Leagues South of Paris of which there being a full and clear description extant in English as also of the Seat of Monsieur at S. Clou and of the Treasury of S. Denis I shall say nothing here of them He has also the noble Seats of Fontainbleau and S. Germains beside the Louvre at Paris celebrated by that famous Distich Non Orbis Gentem non Urbem Gens habet ullam Urbsve domum Dominum nec habet ulla parem 4. The Revenues of the King of France are said to amount to eleven millions of Pounds Sterling being above the fifth part of the Revenues of that Kingdom and the French averr France to contain fifty thousand Parishes The House of England I. WIlliam Duke of Normandy surnamed the Conqueror under the pretence that King Edward the Confessor his Cousin who died without Issue An. 1065. Son of King Ethelred by his Queen Emma had by his last Will and Testament transferred the Kingdom to him made a Descent into England An. 1067. and having slain King Harold in Battle the then
usurping King there after King Edwards death was by the unanimous consent of the Peerage of England Crowned King Now when King William the Conqueror's youngest Son Henry upon the death of his elder Brother William the Second who had succeeded his Father in the Kingdom came to the Crown which was An 1087. He married Matilda or Maud Daughter of Malcolm the Third King of Scotland by Margaret the Sister of Edgar Atheling right Heir of Edward the Confessor as being descended from King Edmund Ironside half Brother to King Edward the Confessor by their common Father King Ethelred and Grandfather to the abovenamed Edgar Atheling and Margaret And the said King Henry the First had by his Wife Matilda or Maud a Son who was cast away at Sea and a Daughter named Maud also the only Legitimate Issue that survived him born An. 1104. She was married first to the Emperour Henry the Fourth who had no Issue by her and after his death to Geoffry Plantagenet Earl of Anjou by whom she had a Son nam'd Henry the Second Now King Henry the First his Son being dead seeing this Daughter his only Legitimate Issue call'd a Parliament An. 1133. in which all the Lords of the Land took an Oath to be true to his Daughter Maud the Empress and her Heirs and acknowledge them as right Inheritors of the Crown And tho Stephen Earl of Bologne and Montagne Son of Stephen Earl of Blois by Adela third Daughter of the Conquerour was set up to the Crown by the working of Henry his Brother Bishop of Winchester after the death of King Henry the First against the undoubted right of the said Empress yet at length seeing his Children dead before him he secur'd the Succession to her Son Henry the Second who was Crown'd An. 1155. And from this Henry the Second in whom the Saxon Line was restored is Descended James the Second of the Royal House of the Stuarts late King of Great Britain France and Ireland c. who was born Oct. 14. 1633. His Majesty Espoused for his first Wife the Lady Ann Daughter to the late Edward Earl of Clarendon Lord Chancellor of England c. She died before he came to the Crown and brought him Issue four Sons and four Daughters but all dying young except two surviving Daughters The eldest is the Lady Mary born Apr. 30. 1662. and was married to William Henry Prince of Orange in London at S. James's Nov. 14. 1677. The said Prince being born on the 14. of the same month New Stile 1650 and restor'd to his Hereditary Dignity in the United Provinces An. 1672. concerning whom I shall say more beneath The second is the Lady Ann born Feb. 6 1664. And July 28. 1683. was Espoused to George Prince of Denmark only Brother to the present King of that Kingdom he was born An. 1653. or 1. he has had Issue by his Princess 1. William Duke of Gloucester born in July 1689. and three Children more viz. the Lady Mary the Lady Ann and another Princess who died in their Infancy His Majesty Nov. 21. 1673. took for his second Wife the Lady Mary-Eleanor-Beatrix D'Este late Queen of England still living who was born Sept. 25. 1658. being youngest Sister to Francisco D'Este the present Duke of Modena and Regio c. She was Crowned with his Majesty April 23. 1685. And his Majesty has had by her two Daughters and a Son who all died young before the year 1688. And as some say he has had a Son and a Daughter by her since still living Their Majesties reside at present at S. Germains in France and profess the Roman Religion His Majesty has Natural Issue by Madam Churchil two Sons and two Daughters all living in France The Sons go by the name of Fitz-James The eldest is Duke of Berwick the youngest is stiled Grand Prior of Ireland The eldest Daughter was married to the late Lord Waldegrave by whom he has Issue two Sons The other Daughter is unmarried Now as for William Henry of Nassaw Prince of Orange and now stiled William the Third King of Great Britain c. who married the Lady Mary eldest Daughter to King James as above They were Proclaim'd King and Queen of England France and Ireland the Executive Power in him Feb. 14. 1689. Proclaim'd King and Queen of Scotland April 11. of the same year His Majesty has as yet no Issue by his Queen Now as to the Rise of the House of Nassaw and Orange as it concerns King William I shall not seek to retrieve its Original but its certain it flourisht in the ninth Century and I shall only take notice that from Walram and Otto Sons of Henry surnam'd the Rich Earl of Nassau sprang two Capital Lines viz. that of Idstein afterwards call'd Sarepont from Walram and that of Dillenburg which now enjoys the Principality from Otto and therefore we shall confine ourselves singly to this Now John the Third who was the eighth of his Family Lineally descended from the said Otto inclusively had two Sons viz. Henry and William the Elder Henry was born An. 148â— and from him the Principality of Orange Descended to King William As for William the Elder Brother to Henry he had a Son call'd John who dwelt in the Castle of Dillenburg and had twenty five Children of whom I shall note only four viz. John George Ernestus-Casimire and John-Lewis for from them sprang the several Lines of Siegen Dillenburg Diezen and Hademar on each of which the Emperour Ferdinand the Third in the Diet of Ratisbone March 3. 1654. conferr'd the honour of having a Voice and Seat among the Princes of the Empire As for a farther Genealogical account of these Families it may be had elsewhere To the Royal Family of England I must add Donna Catharina Infanta of Portugal Queen Dowager of England born at Villa Vicosa in Portugal Nov. 14. Old Stile An. 1638. and Espoused at Portsmouth by his late Majesty King Charles the Second in the month of May An. 1662. She being only Sister to Don Pedro of the House of Braganza the present King of that Kingdom She resides at present at Lisbon in Portugal Her original Jointure some settled by King Charles was 40000 l. per annum to which considerable additions have been since made Their Majesties have two Uncles living in England viz. the Earls of Clarendon and Rochester The Princes and Princesses of the Blood Royal of England that are not excluded from the Succession of the Crown by the late Act of Parliament I. PRincess Ann of Denmark afore mention'd II. The Duke of Glocester of whom also see before III. Sophia Duchess of Hanover Daughter to Frederick the Fifth Elector and King of Bohemia Married to the Duke An. 1658. Her Children 1. George-Lewis born May 28. 1660. Who Nov. 1. 1682. Married Sophia-Dorothea only Daughter to the Duke of Zel by whom he has 1. George-Augustus born Oct. 30. 1683. 2. William-Ernestus born An. 1685. 2. Christian born Sept.
with eight Diadems which terminate in a Mond Or. The Motto to his Devise on the Reverse of his Medals is Pietas Justitia coronant His Livery is of a Red Colour He professes the Protestant Religion according to the Doctrine of Luther and uses the Danish Language which is a Dialect of the High-Dutch III. Haffen or Hafnia by the Dutch called Copenhagen or the Haven of Merchants seated near the Sea in Seland the greatest Island of the Baltick lying near the main Land of Scaudia is the chief City of Denmark and one of the best Ports and most frequented of the Northern Seas It s of an orbicular form the Houses for the most part built of Clay and Timber tho there are many beautiful Edifices among them it s commended for a spacious Market-place and has in it a Palace-Royal built of Free-stone in form of a Quadrangle but of no great Beauty or Magnificence Some say it to be near as large as Amsterdam but not so full of Inhabitants Near Elsenore a Village much frequented by Seamen as their Ships pass by the Sound is seated the strong and magnificent Castle of Cronenburg built with incredible Charge and Pains by King Frederick the Second the Foundation of it being laid on huge Stones sunk into the Sea and so fastened together that no Storm or Tempest how violent soever is able to shake it well fortified as well as founded and mix'd of a Palace and a Fort being since the first building of it the most constant Residence of the Kings of Denmark who from hence may easily discern each Ship which sails through the Sound By the Commodity of this and the opposite Castle the King secures his Customs and greatly strengthens his Estate the Castles being so near and the Streight so narrow that by the addition of some few Ships he may keep the greatest Navy that is from passing by him A little South of the Castle of Cronenburg is an Island called Ween a Dutch mile in length but not quite so broad it was given by King Frederick the Second to the famous Astronomer Tycho-Brahe that living retired from all but his own Family he might with more conveniency attend his Books There is in this Island the Castle Uranopolis or Urenburg where the greatest part of his Mathematical Instruments are preserved in safety The said King Frederick the Second built also for a place of Pleasure Fredericksburg among Woods of Beech trees where the King has a fine House and a little Park In this Kingdom are the Knights of St. Mary or of the Order of the Elephant instituted by King Frederick the Second As in England the Knights of the Garter in France the Knights of the Holy Ghost in Spain the Knights of the Golden Fleece in Portugal the Knights of the Sancta Crusada in Tuscany those of St. Stephen in Poland the Knights of the White Eagle c. This King has a Throne made all of Sea-Unicorns Horns Dronthein seated on the River Nider is the chief Town of the Kingdom of Norway The Cathedral Church there is the largest of any in those Northern Countries The Viceroy of Norway ordinarily resides at Bergen The Revenues of the King consists in Imposts laid on Ships which pass through the Sound of which he is said to take one per Cent. on the Merchandises Sometimes there pass three hundred Vessels in a day from several Ports through this Streight which makes the Tribute considerable He has also a Revenue of Crown-Lands and a great yearly Toll made of the Cattle which pass into Germany as also of the Fish transported into other Countries yet it s conceived that the Treasures of this King are not very great partly because there is no other important Commodity but Fish to draw Merchants thither and partly that there is not any one Town of any great Traffick in all his Realms for the entertaining of Commerce The House of Sweden ABout the beginning of the last Century the Nobility of Sweden growing weary of the Tyranny of Christian the Second King of Denmark elected Gustavus Son of Eric of Wasa à Grypsholm first Governour then Duke and last of all ann 1523 King of Sweden Gothland the Vandals Nordland Finland c. and from him is descended Charles the Eleventh of the House Palatine of the Deux ponts the present King born Dec. 24. 1655 whose Father dying while he was but five years of Age the Government of his Person and Kingdom were committed to ihe Queen his Mother and five great Senators of Sweden viz. to Count de Brahe who was Grand Bailieffe Couut Wrangel who was Constable Count de Stembock who was Admiral Count de la Gardie a French Man by Birth who was Chancellor and the Baron de Bond who was Treasurer He was declared Major Dec. 24. 1673. The Contract of Marriage of this King and of the Princess Ulrica-Eleanora-Sabina youngest Sister to the present King of Denmark was signed at Copenhagen May 7. 1680 and on the sixteenth of the same Month it was consummated at Schutturup On the fourth of December following the Queen made her publick and solemn Entrance at Stockholm where she was crowned Queen the next day She was born anno 1656 and has Issue living by the King 1. Hedewig-Sophia born Jun. 26. 1681. 2. Charles the Hereditary Prince born Jun. 17. 1682. 3. Ulrica-Eleanora born Jan. 21. 1688. The present King of Sweden has one natural Brother Count Gustavus Carlson II. He bears quarterly In the first and fourth Azure three Crowns Or two in Chief and one in Base for Sweden In the second and third Barry Argent and Azure a Lion Or crowned Gules for Finland On the whole quarterly in the first and fourth Sable a Lion Or crown'd arm'd and langued Gules for the Palatinate of the Rhine In the second and third Fuzele in Bend Argent and Azure of twenty one pieces for Bavaria The Crest is a Royal Crown garnished with eight small Flowers and closed by as many demy Circles terminating in a Mond Or which is the Crest of Sweden The Supporters are two Lions Or crown'd with the same His Livery is of a blue Colour He professes the Protestant Religion according to the Doctrine of Luther and has many Calvinists in his Dominions He uses the Swedish Language which is a Dialect of the High-Dutch III. Stockholm is the Capital City of Sweden and the usual place of the King's Residence it s a noted and well traded Port and very strong being situate in Marshes and built on Piles like Venice most of the Houses are covered with Copper The Castle of this City is conceived to be one of the strongest Holds in the World fortified with four hundred Brass Pieces many of which are double Cannon The Artillery of Sweden is so great that it s said they have above eight thousand Brass Pieces of Cannon Heylin counts in all the Kingdom of Sweden but one thousand four hundred and seventeen Parishes but many of
them have a thousand or eight hundred Families the People being dispersed in Forests and other places where they have store of Timber to build them Houses and store of Pasturage for their Cattle which is the reason they have not so many great Towns nor so well inhabited as usual in far lesser Countries IV. The Revenues are very great they arising first from Church Lands taken to the Crown Secondly from Mines Thirdly from the Tenths of all Increase as Wheat Rye Barley Fish Oxen and the like Commodities Fourthly from Customs imposed on Merchandises paid in all Haven-Towns for all Commodities imported and exported He has also Contributions and Power of imposing Tax in time of War as occasion may require The House of Portugal I. TOward the latter end of the eleventh Century Alphonso the Sixth King of Castile had very frequent and bloody Wars with the Moors in which a certain Prince named Henry descended as some say from the House of Burgundy as others from that of Lorain was chiefly signalized for his Valour and good Services to the Crown King Alphonso in reward of this Merit gave him Portugal then lately recovered from the Moors under the Title of an Earldom together with his Daughter Teresa to Wife yet with this condition that he should continue a Vassal to Castile This Prince's Son was Alphonso the First who throwing off the Spanish Yoke and having subdued several petty Kings of the Moors caused himself to be proclaimed King of Portugal in the year 1139. His great Grandson Alphonso the Third King of Portugal had Algarve given him in Dowry with his Queen the Princess Beatrix Daughter of Alphonso the Tenth King of Castile whence the eldest Son of Portugal is always called Prince of Algarve Of this Family the present King of Portugal is descended Indeed Philip the Second King of Spain on some pretences made himself Master of the Kingdom of Portugal by Force of Arms ann 1580 but 't was again lost by his Grandson ann 1640 for the Portuguese actually rejecting the Spanish Yoke elected John Duke of Braganza descended as above to be their King in whose Line the Kingdom continues What particularly contributed to the Renunciation the Portuguese made to the King of Spain ann 1640 was the permission that King gave to others beside themselves to trade to the East Indies and the Tax he imposed of the fifth peny on all their Merchandizes and other Revenues It s remarkable that the Deliberation of shaking off the Spanish Yoak was kept private above a year betwixt two hundred persons Don Pedro of the House of Braganza King of Portugal and Algarve was born 1648. His elder Brother Don Alphonso the Sixth King of Portugal c. ann 1667 married the Lady Mary-Frances Elizabeth or Isabella Daughter to Charles Amadeus of Savoy Duke of Nemours She was born June the Twenty first 1648. and after sixteen months living with Don Alphonso she obtained a Declaration of Nullity of her Marriage with him retired to a Cloister And ann 1669 Don Alphonso was deposed as judged incapable either of a second Marriage or of the Government and sent the year following to the Tercera Island where he died in the year 1683. Now the present King upon his Brother Alphonso's being deposed was presently declared Prince Regent and after his death King of Portugal and by a Dipensation from the Pope married his Sister-in-Law abovementioned The Cardinal Deacon Louis de Vendôme in quality of universal Legat à Latere gave them the Dispensation under Pope Clement the Ninth Abbot Bon-Filz the Secretary to the Legation has set forth the particulars and the Conferences he had with his Holiness at the end of the Transaction The King had by this Queen a Daughter named Mary Elizabeth who was born ann 1669 and died ann 1690. And the Queen her self dying Dec. 27. 1683. the King ann 1687 took to Wife the Lady Mary-Sophia-Elizabeth Daughter of Philip-William Elector Palatine who was born Aug. 6. 1666 and Aug. 30. 1688 was brought to Bed of a young Prince who died Sept. 3. in the same year And in Octob. 1689 she was brought to Bed of another Prince named John Prince of Bresil The King of Portugal has but one Sister living viz. Donna-Catharina the Queen Dowager of England concerning whom see in the Head of England II. He bears Argent five Escutcheons Azure placed Cross-wise each charged with as many Besants of the first placed in Saltier and pointed Sable for Portugal The Shield bordered Gules charged with seven Towers Or three in Chief and two in each Flanch The Crest is a Crown Or which is the Crest of Portugal Under the two Flanches and the Base of the Shield appear the Ends of two Crosses the first Flower de luc'd Verte which is for the Order of Avis The second Pattee Gules which is for the Order of Christ The five Escutcheons were born in memory of five Kings whom Alphonso the first King slew at the Battel of Obrique ann 1139. The Border with the Towers or Castles were added by Alphonso the Third on his Investiture into the Kingdom of Algarve by Alphonso the Tenth of Castile ann 1257 whose Daughter Beatrix he then married and so conceived himself to have some Relation to the Arms of that Kingdom This King's Livery is of a Green Colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the Portuguese Language which is a Dialect of the Spanish III. Lisbon seated on the River Tagus is the Capital City of the Kingdom and the place where his Majesty keeps his Court. It s seven miles in compass and contains above thirty Parishes and above thirty thousand Houses The Portuguese have this Proverb He that has not seen Lisbon has not seen a fine thing The Buildings are neat and elegant and there are seventy six Turrets or Towers on the City Wall and twenty two Gates towards the Sea shore c. It s the Staple for the Commodities for all the Kingdom and thought to be worth more than the whole Realm besides and doubtless the Revenues which accrue to the King from hence and from his Foreign Plantations are very considerable ITALY The Papacy I. INnocent the Twelfth the present Pope was born at Naples in March ann 1615 elected Pope July 12. ann 1671 he is Son to Prince Minerbino of the Family of Pignato the chief whereof is the Duke of Terra Nova a Grandee of Spain II. Having not the particular Arms of the present Popes Family by me I can here only say that the Popes for a Crest to their Gentilitial Arms are wont to put the Arms of the Popedom which are as follow The Papal Escutcheon is Gules and consists of a long Cap or Head-piece Or surmounted with a Cross pearled and garnished with three Royal Crowns with the two Keys of S. Peter placed in Saltier Boniface the Eighth was the first that wore the Tiara with a double Crown and Urban the Fifth made it in the Form of a Cap adorned with
they assemble separately the Catholicks take for the place of their Congress Lucern and the Protestants Arau on the River Aur. All the Cantons are as many Republicks which are Govern'd by their Burgomasters or Avoiers their Government being Democratical The Cantons which have no Towns call their Magistrates Landanes instead of Burgomasters The Switzers have several Towns and States confederate with them viz. The Abbot and Town of S. Gal. Four Bishops viz. of Sion Basil Constance and Croired The Towns of Neuchatel Valengen Nuenberg Biel Geneva Mulhausen in Alsatia Rotwel in Suabia beyond the Danube They have also many Prefectures that is such little Parcels and Additaments as have accrued to their State and are subject to their Authority either by Gift Purchase or Chance of War The Principal Prefecture is the Town of Baden taking its name from the Baths there and is the place of meeting for the Councel of State of all the Confederates The Grizons also are Confederate with the Switzers and of those there are three Divisions I. The Grey League so call'd because the Inhabitants wear a Grey Scarf 2. The League of the House of God so call'd because it was the proper Patrimony of the Bishop and Church of Chur. 3. The League of the Ten Commonalties All these Confederates are able on occasion readily to set forth an Army of sixty thousand Men. The Republick of Geneva I. THIS Republick professes Calvinism An. 1679. Mass was said in the City of Geneva with leave at the House of Sieur Chauvigny the French Kings Resident there which had not been done since the year 1535. That Calvinism was there Establisht by a Decree of the Senate II. Geneva gives for Arms Party Or and Gules the fiâ—st has a demy Eagle display'd Sable the second a Key Argent with this devise Post Tenebras Lux. The Romanists say the words are misplac'd and that it ought to be Post Lucem tenebra III. The City of Geneva is situate on the Lake Lemanus the River Rhone passing thro the lower part of it The buildings are fair and of Freestone the Compass of the whole City being about two Miles in which there are suppos'd to be about 16 or 17000 souls Munster calls it Mirae voluptatis Urbem It s allied with the Protestant Cantons of Switzerland and in two or three hours it advertises all the Canton of Bern to come to its succour with 50 or 60000 Men who may come on the Lake a day after the Signal which consists in lighted Torches set from Tower to Tower It s Govern'd by twenty five Senators who follow the written Law Beside this Councel of twenty five they have one of sixty and another of two hundred POLAND I. POland from the year 694 that Lochus of Croatia was the first Duke has been Govern'd by Dukes Palatines Kings and Dukes again till the year 1295 that Primislaus surnam'd Posthumus Duke of Posna again assum'd the name of King which continued ever since to his Successors of the same Family till the year 1574. Henry Duke of Anjou Son to Henry the Second King of France was chosen on the death of Sigismund-Augustus who was the first Stranger to the Blood John the Third of the Illustrious Family of Sobieski is the present King of Poland c. Elected King March 20. 1674. being before Senator Grand Marshal and Generalissimo of the Armies of the Crown he made his solemn entrance at Cracow Jan. 3. 1676. and was crown'd there on the second of February following by the Bishop of that place call'd Olzaski He married before his coming to the Crown a French Lady nam'd Maria Casimire de la Grange Daughter to Henry de la Grange Knight Marquess of Arquien Lord of Beaumont Master of the Camp of a Regiment of Cavalry and Captain Colonel of the hundred Switzers of the Guard of the late Monsieur Duke of Orleans This Princess was crown'd on the same day with her Husband and has brought him many Children 1. Prince James born An. _____ and An. 1691. he married Hedewig-Elizabetha-Amalia youngest Daughter save one to Philip-William Duke of Neuburg and Elector Palatine 2. Prince Alexander born about the year 70. 3. John born An. _____ 4. Casimire born An. _____ 5. Leopold born An. _____ 6. The Princess Louise Adelaia born Oct. 3. 1677. held at the Font of Baptism by the Palatine of Russia for his late Majesty Charles the Second King of Great Britain c. This Princess was Baptised with the Water of the River Jordan whereof the King her Father just before her birth had been presented with a Pot full as also with many other rarities from Asia II. As King of Poland he bears Quarterly In the First and Fourth Gules an Eagle Argent crown'd membred and becked Or for Poland In the Second and Third Gules a Cavalier arm'd Argent holding a Sword with the Right Hand of the same and a Shied Azure in the Left charg'd with a Cross Or with double Cross-Barrs his Horse barded Azure and nail'd Or for Lithuania On the whole Azure a Buckler Or for Sobieski For a Crest a Crown rais'd with eight small Flowers and clos'd with eight Semicircles terminating in a Mond Or which is the Crest of Poland The Shield environ'd with the Orders of France The general Motto of the Kings of Poland is Habent sua sydera Reges His Livery is of a Blew Colour He professes the Roman Religion but Greeks Protestants and other Sects are there tolerated He uses the Poland Longuage wich is a Dialect of the Sclavonian III. Warsaw seated on the River Vistula is most frequented best traded and the Capital City of the Kingdom honour'd for the most part with the Kings Court the holding of all Publick business of Peace and War Cracow seated on the same River is little inferiour to the former the Buildings here being fairer than elsewhere in Poland of Freestone and four Stories high but for the most part cover'd with Shingles or Tiles of Wood. IV. The Revenues of this King are computed to be 600000 Crowns per annum drawn chiefly out of Salt-works near Cracow and from Mines of Copper Lead Tin and Silver from the fishing Trade in Prussia and the Tribute of the Jews His Daughters are provided for at the Publick Charge and for the most part the expence of his Houshold defray'd In time of War he is inabled by the Diets to lay Impositions and Taxes on the people In Poland it s an affront to call a Man Cossack as in Italy Calabrian in Germany Switzer in Spain Galician in Sueden Finlander in France Norman in England Welchman c. Russia or Moscovy I. THE first Great Duke of Moscovy who shook off the Tartarian bondage was nam'd John who Reign'd about the year 1500. Since him the Government has gone partly by Election and partly by Succession The last Elected was Michael Fredrowitz Son of Theodore the Patriarch of Mosco and Grandfather to the present Czars He was Elected An.
to the Grandees of the Court so that the King and Queen Mother were possessed of the truth of what the Physician had averred The chief Astrologer seeing how things went was forced for fear of drawing on him somewhat worse not only to forbear contradiction but withal to applaud what was said and upon this second Inauguration the King changed his name as is said before which was judged unfortunate to the State and he began as he thought to find himself better afterward Note that the word Cha in the Persian Tongue signifies King and that tho many call all the Kings of Persia Sohpies some modern Accounts say it is an Error so to do and that Sophi is a proper name or rather a name of the Religion of Hali it signifying wise and knowing in the Law II. Concerning this King's Arms there are various opinions According to his Picture to be seen in many places there is a Sun Or in a Field Azure According to some ancient Books of Heraldry the Kings of Persia have a white Banner charged with an Eagle displayed and crowned Or. Another Author assures us they give the Cressent as the Turkish Emperors with this difference that there is an Hand added to it Others maintain that beside their bearing the Cressent they cause it to be carried before them when they walk in Ceremony and that all Mahometan Kings have the Cressent in their Arms and that Blazon and Coats of Arms are not much used in those Countries but that in lieu they make use of some Marks Another says they bear Or with a Dragon Gules and another says Or with a Buffalo's Head Sable Others say they give the Sun and Moon and others a rising Sun on the back of a Lion with a Cressent and in truth this is their Emblem and Hieroglyphick and the Armenians Subjects to the Persian that are at Paris say that these are the Arms of this Crown and our Merchants at London who have lived in Persia many years affirm this to be the great Seal of the King of Persia His Livery is of a _____ Colour He professes the Mahometan Religion according to the Doctrine of Hali the Turks following that of Osman and he uses the Persian Language which is not limited within the Provinces of the Persian Empire but used also in the Court and Camp of the Great Mogul and some parts of Zagathay and where it s not vulgarly spoken it s studied and understood by persons of the more eminent sort as the Latin by the Gentry of these Western parts so that he that has this Language may travel over all the East without an Interpreter III. Hispaan seated on the River Senderut is the Capital City of Persia and the ordinary place of Residence of the Kings The Town and Suburbs are almost of as great extent as Paris but the number of the Inhabitants is much lesser The greatest part of the Houses there are but of one story or two at most they are built of Bricks only dryed in the Sun and generally they have flat Roofs as generally in the East and have Terasses on the tops The Fronts facing the Streets are very mean and the Mens Apartments are very neat as for those of the Women Strangers are no ways permitted to see them Each considerable House has a Garden belonging to it where they do not now suffer the great number of Plane Trees to grow which formerly made the Town at a distance seem like a Forest The streets are narrow oblique and very dark because for the greatest part they have Arches made on each side of them for walking dry They are not paved wherefore the Dirt is very troublesome in the Winter and the Dust in the Summer The Town-Walls are only of Earth He has a Seat of Pleasure at Tawgebawt it s of no great Receipt but for the Cost and Ornaments of it and for the Delightfulness of the Gardens adjoining to it not yielding to any in this large Empire and for Grotto's Ecchoes Labyrinths and other Excellencies of Arts perhaps not fellowed in the World especially considering that it stands in the midst of a Sandy Desert IV. Pontier a late French Writer tells us that the King of Persia has fifteen millions of Crowns annual Rent His Revenues arise from the Fishery of Pearls found on his Coasts from the Mines of the old and new Rocks of Turky Stones from the Customs and the Sale of all sorts of Merchandizes which pay proportionably to the price they are sold at And each publick Hall built for the Entertainment of Travellers pays the King a Tribute The Government of the King of Persia tho it be despotical and severe has a great deal less of the Tyrant in it than any other of the Mahometan Kings or Princes these cherishing their Brethren maintaining Nobility amongst them and encouraging Industry which makes them to be better served than the Turk or Tartar to both whom they are far inferior both in Power and Treasure Their Officers of State and Men of principal Employment for the most part are Eunuchs as generally in all Empires of the East such persons being thought most trusty because abstracted from the Obligation of Wife and Children they study more the Prince's Service than their own Advantages Grand Tartary and China I. THE Chronicles of China tell us of three hundred and forty Kings which for the space of 4000 years there Reign'd and that the Country being without Rule or settled Government before was first reduc'd into Order by one Vitey by whom the people were instructed in Physick Astrology Divination the Arts of Tillage Shipping c. Of this Kings Race there are said to have been two hundred and seventeen Kings who held the State 2257 years The last of them was Tzaintzon who being ill Neighbour'd by the Scythians not yet call'd Tartars is said to have built that vast Wall extended four hundred Leagues in length parting Tartary from China having at the end of every League a strong Rampart or Bulwark continually Garrizon'd and well furnish'd with all warlike Necessaries This Wall in reality is only a continuation made good of a Chain of Mountains dividing the two Countries there being a Work of the like Nature tho not for the same use in the Kingdom of Peru in America of which I have given an account before Now this King Tzaintzon being slain by some of his Subjects who found themselves burthen'd and wasted with this Work the Race of these Kings ended and then several Princes of Chinese Families held the Government one after another and afterwards several Tartar Princes China being Conquer'd by the Tartars and made a Province by them till about the year 1269 when a Chinese nam'd Hugh a mean Person but of great Courage rais'd to himself a strong Party and drove the Tartars out of all and was Crown'd Emperour of China taking to himself the name of Hungus by some Writers commonly call'd Hombu that is a famous Warrior and