Dutch to assist England in case that France should turn its Forces upon these Kingdoms Neither could He demand any Aid by the League of Guaranty except his most Christian Majesty did Declare and make it to APPEAR that He Invaded the King of England on purpose to revenge his entring into the TRIPLE ALLIANCE for the defence of Flanders At the same time his Majesty had notice of the secret Applications and Overtures which the Dutch had made unto the Crown of France and He perceived how dangers multiplied every way upon Him that the Source and Original of all these Perils was the Ambition and Treachery of the Hollanders and the implacable Animosity of the De Wits against England and that if He did not by some suddain Councils secure Himself that Winter his Affairs would be but in an evil Condition in the succeeding Spring The Dutch had of a long time formed a Design to ensure themselves of the Universal Empire of the Seas and to give Laws thereon to all Princes and States in point of Traffick HOW AND WHETHER THEY SHOULD TRADE These Projects had been insinuated into the People by Mr. Schookius one of the Professors at Groninghen and were the Dictates of in the States General Their Actions in the East and West Indies Russia and the Baltick Sea were evident Arguments of such Intentions Their Annually building a determinate number of Capital Ships their driving upon our Fisher-men and spoilling their Fishing within the proper Seas of his Majesty Their Attaquing of forein Ships under the Protection of our Castles and Ports their Attempts upon the Navy of the pretended Parliament in the Downs and the Burning of our Ships at Chatham when a Peace was even concluded were all Results and plain Consequents of the said Design Now it seemed they would finish it as to the English and consequently upon all Europe by their great preparations of Capital Ships and others which though purposed against France yet had their influence and carry terrour amongst all their Neighbours And the refufal of the Flag was but a Degree towards those demands which ensued That his Majesty should relinquish his usurped Dominion of the British Seas His Majesty had already yielded at Breda enough to satisfie a moderate Ambition but where the desires are boundless those concessions become ineffectual which are not proportionate thereunto If he entred into a New Treaty who could ascertain Him where the Hollanders would begin or when they would end Their consultations are generally slow and most commonly dilatory Who knew how they would protract time in this Juncture and draw Advantages thereby from the necessities of his Majesty It seemed evident that his Majesty must make as great preparations to procure a tolerable Treaty from them as to make War upon them and in the mean space whilst We pursue no oâ—…her aims then a sirm Defensive League with the Dutch and remain separate from France who can Imagine otherwise then that the Dutch would to Crush the Rising Power of England and to busie France prosecute the Overtures privately and contract an Offensive League with his most Christian Majesty What straights his Majesty had then been reduced unto the most Vulgar capacity can apprehend But to gratifie the Credulous and Ignorant suppose his Majesty had prevailed with the Dutch for a speedy and real Treaty which He could not by his Embassadour Sir G. Downing Is it not now visible which the Elevated Spirit his Majesty did easily foresee That they would demand of us to Relinquish the Dominion of the Seas Which if he had assented unto what Debates would it have occasioned amongst the Lawyers and in Parliament con-the giving up of such a Royalty What anger and discontents would it have excited in the Breasts of all his Subjects to see so much of Pusillanimity in the King and Court and to find themselves their Families and Estates exposed as a Prey to any Invader who might sail our Seas and possess our Ports and Territories without giving any warning and Fish upon our Seas without our License Nothing is more clear and certain then that His Majesty must have lost the Love of all His Subjects to purchase the suspitious Amity of the Hollanders I call their Amity suspicious because they never observe any Articles how solemnly soever ratified beyond their Interest and pleasure And who knows but They might have imagined it their Interest to prolong a War with France until the expense thereof had exhausted England Is not Mony the Nerves of War and is it not in long Wars as in long wrestlings and scuffles where the Victory depends upon the strength of the sinewes Is it not likewise evident that upon so tedious a War the King of England must have been reduced to the same condition as if He had been vanquished by France The Dutch would thereby have survived as Masters of the Sea by the power of their more numerous Fleets and his Majesty have been necessitated to an unseasonable breach with them not being able to perform Covenants or to pawn the Isle of Wight which upon an exigency they desired as a Mortgage from Cromwell or Portfmouth or Plimonth or Hull or All. Let us but remember that the defensive Articles must have been renewed and calculate what the annual expense of forty Ships six thousand Foot and four hundred Horse amounts unto and observe that We should pay them and not be reimbursed till three Years after the War is ended Let us but ruminate hereon and think how the Dutch served Queen Elizabeth upon the like Articles and all the precedert Evils will seem no futile apprehensions and dreams I know the present humour of the Nation there is not a Fop or Simpleton but is a Statesman and esteems himself wise enough to censure the Actions of the Privy Council and to agitate in a Caball would the King but vouchsafe Him a place in His Cabinet Let any of those profound Polititians but phansie themselves Embassadours to negotiate with the Dutch in such a Treaty as is related hereaster betwixt the pretended Common-wealth and the States General and I am confident that as vain as They are there is not one will say He could have concluded it with expedition And if so these men may forbear to condemn their King for not involving Him self in tedious and uncertain Treaty with these perfidious States at such a time when it was necessary for Him to fix unto some Resolution speedily In February indeed the Dutch did send over a Latine Memorial penned by De Wit and delivered by Boreel but it is so dubious and Equivocal that no wise Man can think such a Paper a sufficient ground for a Treaty They modestly offer to strike the Flag and lower the top Sails of their Fleets to single Ships of Ours in token of honour and respect to their good Ally not as it is His Right as long as we shall adhere to the defensive Articles And that we shall
were to pay at Sea unto that Usurper being regulated as to the manner by the president of what had been Exhibited to the Royal Progenitors of his Majesty the Antient Kings of England the Right of whom was so acknowledged a thing heretofore in Holland that it is not only coâ—…fessed in the League of Cromwel and both the Treaties betwixt his Majesty and the Dutch but in the Twelvthâ—… Article of the Offensive and Defensive League betwixt France and the United Provinces Anno Dom. 1635. It was Agreed That if the Dutch Fleet which was to Scowre the French Coasts in the Mediterranean from Pirats should at any time meet the French the Admiral of the Dutch was to strike his Flag and lowre his Top-sail at his first approach unto tâ—…e French Flâ—…et and to Salute the Admiral of France with Guns who was to return the said Salute by Guns also as was usual when the Dutch and English Fleaets did meet With what sincerity the Dutch did Negotiate with the Crown of France is known only to the Searcher of Hearts and to Themselves For since the first Revolt of these pâ—…rfidious Hollanders unto this day it hath been their constant course to observe no Leagues further then they conduce to the Profit of the United Provinces and to Imbark all Princes in Wars upon promises of a firm Amity and Assistance and as soon as the said Princes are plunged thereinto to desert them and draw Advantages from their Enemies or else compel their Allies aforesaid to yield them more beneficial Articles Thus They served Queen Elizabeth Who complained thereof in 1598. Thus They imposed upon the most Christian King in 1635 and afterwards all along untill the conclusion of the Munster-peace Thus They served the Queen of Sweden in 1643 1644 It is possible that the King of France might suspect their Treachery especially since the same Men do now Sway the States General and Province of Holland who cheated France in the Munster-Peace lest having involved Him in a War with England and transported his Forces into that Kingdom they should change Sides and having extorted Cautionary Towns from the English employ their Armes against Him to His great detriment and disgrace if not Ruine It is much more possible that this Haughty and Generous Prince seeing in the Person of the King of England the Sacred MAJESTY of all Princes Vâ—…lified and Abused and recalling to mind how the same Dutch had Cosened the Crown of France and disappointed all the most hopeful designs of that Kingdom and its Allies by the Munster-peace contrary to so many Leagues renewed from them and after such constant supplies of Men and Money and without any default on the part of the French I say it is much more probable that upon these regards and a Detestation of the late Insolence of the Dutch towards His most Christian Majesty who during his Progress in Flanders had sent their Navy as it were to Brave him on his Coast at Dunkirk He was inclined more to the Amity of the King of England However it were the Dutch Negotiations in France were discovered by His Majesty the King of Great Brittain some months after the aforesaid refusal of the Flag Our King had Expostulated with their Embassadour Boreel concerning the Indignity of that Act which was a notorious Breach of the Articles and a thing which they yielded unto Cromwel As for Cromwel the Embassadour replied THEY FEARED HIM The which words as they carry with them the greatest Contempt in the world towards His Mayesty so they are demonstrations of the Dutch principles that these Hollanders act out of no sense of Honour Honesty and Conscience but accordingly as THEY HOPE AND FEAR He did further answer that If his Mayesty would be informed of the Action and the Sentiments of his Superiours their Assembly was at the Hague and thither he might send to be acquainted therewith Although Replies of this nature sound very harsh in the Ears and sinck deeply into the Minds of Princes yet so averse was His Majesty from a War with the United Provinces so willing to retain an inviolate Amity with that arrogant and ingrateful People that He did purpose to send an Envoy to demand Satisfaction for what had past and to understand their future Intendments But since to precipitate this Message had been to undervalue His Crown and Dignity as also an Argument of His fear to lose the Alliance of their High and Mighties one Moneth viz. August was suffered to Lapse before those Thoughts were assumed again It being but Justice that those who had offered the Affront and those HOLLANDERS HE the King of Great Britain should first apply themselves unto His Majesty After a Moneth or so was past Mr. Boreel takes an occasion to Discourse with the Principal Secretary of State and askes When His Majesty did intend to dispatch His Envoy to the Hague about the Action of Van Ghent It being rumour'd that His Majesty was much displeased thereat The Reply was That His Majesty had very great reason to take it ill that since He had gratified the Hollunders so much in the Treaty of 1662. and that of Breda and also in the Triple Alliance League of Guaranty and defensive Articles They should deny unto HIM above all others the RIGHT OF THE FLAG that antient and undoubted Regality of the Crown of England That he could not comprehend their meanings since if they had any respect for His Majesty or valued his Friendship they should voluntarily have done him right in a case so NOTORIOUS and Well-known unto them That the causless Breach of one Article in this Conjunction of Affairs rendred the Alliance with the United Provinces NULL and their FRIENDSHIP for ever suspected Yet so willing was His Majesty to continne the mutual Amity that an Envoy should ere long be dispatched It seemed harsh to an English Spirit that the King of Great Britain should send any Envoy from London to attend the leisure of an Audience from their High and Mighties at the Hague yet this had been done but that the States General to anticipate the Errand and prevent all hopes of accommodating the Affair but by a new Treaty proceeded to Vote and Decree that Van Ghent had done nothing but what became him nor did the Articles oblige THEIR FLEETS to strike the Flag unto ANY SINGLE MAN OF WAR of the Navy Royal of England They also represented the claim of his Majesty unto the Dominion of the Seas to be most Irrational and Ridiculous THIS was the Subject of the general Laughter and Scorn in Holland and with much Contempt did their Embassadours discourse of it in the Courts of Forein Princes His Majesty did regard these Passages with extraordinary Prudence He considered their Import at present and their future tendency It was manifest that all the Confederacies betwixt Him and the Dutch were at an end that the Defensive Articles were no longer of any force to oblige the
prudence and piety there is not any of their projects no nor all of them summed together which may compare with the Declaration of His Majesty in order to the preserving at present and re-setling for the future the Church of England If the Primitive Emperours did publish their own judgments concerning the Orthodox Church thereby to insinuate unto their subjects which way they wished and desired them to conform their Opinions If they did extend several priviledges and emoluments of Revenue and Legacies unto the Catholicks which the Sectaries were not to receive Behold what His most Sacred Majesty doth declare In the first place We Declare our express Resolution Meaning and Intention to be That the Church of England be preserved and remain entire in its Doctrine Discipline and Government as now it stands Established by Law And that This be taken to be as it is the Basis Rule and Standard of the General and Publick Worship of God and that the Orthodox Conformable Clergy do receive and enjoy the Revenues belonging thereunto and that no person though of a different Opinion and Perswasion shall be exempt from paying his Tythes or other Dues whatsoever Hitherto the Ancient Politicks concur with the modern prudence of His Majesty yet there is this advantage on the part of the Church of England above what the Primitive Christians had that the Revenues of the Conformists are better settled and greater by far then the Nicene Fathers then the Hillary's the Basil's and the Nazianzen's could pretend unto And the power and dignity which our Bishops hold as Spiritual Lords not to mention their influence upon the subordinate Clergy hath nothing parallel to it in the four first Centuries except we should seek for particular instances in Rome and Alexandria Here are no Pagan Pontifices Sacerdotales Agrorum Hierophantae c. to rival much less transcend them No Jewish Patriarchs Primates Archisynagogi c. that equal them in Titles and are to be respected and exempted by Franchisements equal unto theirs The common Schools and Universities are not now as Athens in the time of Nazianzen and generally the Professors and Sophistae devoted to Gentilisme but managed by the Church The Parliament as of old the Senate doth not consist of Paynims or Arians c. Those which sway in our Councils and in the Magistracy are now no such kind of Men as heretofore From whence it is easie to conclude that If the Orthodox Church did advance it self in the Primitive Ages amidst those circumstances there is no fear that the Church of England which takes that Antiquity for its pattern as to Doctrine and Discipline should be ruined amidst much better conditions His Majesty doth further adde That no person shall be capable of holding any Benefice Living or Ecclesiastical Dignity or Preferment of any kind in this Our Kingdom of England who is not exactly Conformable This is conform unto the Presidents of Constantine Theodosius c. who did require an exact Subscription to the Niâ—…ene Council Thus Athanasius and S. Hilary c. urge an unalterable Conformity to the Decrees of the Three hundred and eighteen Bishops at Nice From thence the Fathers never would reeede And when the Emperour Constantius at the Councils of Sirmium Ariminum c. had formed sundry Comprehensional Creeds whereunto both Arians and Catholicks might saving their sundry judgments subscribe the best of the Fathers totally rejected the contrivance and those which out of a desire for the Union of the Church had assented thereunto did soon repent themselves for thereby the Orthodox Church received extraordinary prejudice The Nicene Fathers and the Catholicks seemed to have condemned the practices of their Chief Prelates and of themselves in making so great a Schisme and fulminating out Anathema's against their Brethren for needless words and forms which the Church might want and which they now expunged The Arians triumphed every where as Victors the whole World seemed to follow them and the rest appeared to be justly exiled and scorned who had raised such Divisions and Animosities in the Church and State about Trifles Hereupon the Comprehension was utterly dissolved and never resumed again in old Christendome as the most foolish and impracticable design that could be Upon this precedent did the D. of Saxony rather proceed by a special form of Concord then by any General and Comprehensional course â—…hus did the Calvinists in the Synod of Dort The Romanists in the Council of Trent Q. Elizabeth in her Subscriptions Thus have all wise Princes done except Charles V. who by an ill-favoured Interim tried the other way but with so bad success that 't is no president for His Majesty How Orthodox soever the Novatians were yet were they ranked alwayes amongst the Hereticks and Schismaticks nor did the Church ever project a Comprehension for them It is true the Primitive Emperors did grant them the same priviledges with the Catholicks which I believe did help to continue their Schisme so long But herein the Judgment of His Majesty seems more clear and elevated in that He doth not imbolden any Pretenders unto Orthodoxy to be Schismaticks by communicating with them His publick favours c. equal emoluments with the true Sons of the Church of England As we do now reckon all Separatists whatever under the Name of Non-Conformists albeit they differ as much as Novatians Basilidians and Manichees so did the Antient prudence esteem them all Hereticks and Schismaticks And if the hopes of preferment if the honour of a publick Church be not motives sufficient to make some men Proselytes to the Church of England It is rational to think that the being indiscriminately mixed in such a loathsome company and character may operate upon the minds of many to abate of their preciseness It follows We do in the next place Declare Our Will and Pleasure to be That the Execution of all and all manner of Penal Laws in Matters Ecclesiastical against whatsoever sorts of Non-Conformists or Recusants be immediately suspended and they are hereby suspended His Majesty herein writes after the Copy of the Primitive Times The Penal Laws are suspended the Defaults the Heresie the Schisme are not authenticated The punishment is taken off the guilt is not None is encouraged hereby unto Separation but indulged if he do separate They are still Non-Conformists to the Church of England They are still Recusants as to the Law They may assemble publickly but 't is under this ignominious denomination What power properly belongs to the Church is entirely reserved unto it by His Majesty Ecclesia enim jus Judicii habet Imperii minimè They are Spiritual Fathers and Judges their Authority their Censures are not suspended The Parliamentary and Secular Laws are invalidated for a season which is conformable to the Ancient Proceedings It is not declared that They are not Hereticks or Schismaticks but that They shall be tolerated though such It is one thing to encounter an Heresie or Schisme
â—…ind in your own reason an Apology for our being resolute in this point you must needs be convinced that We ought not to abandon a Ceremony which is of so high concernment It is no policy to attempt the change of inveterate customs and usages Even errours and abuses are upon this account legally tolerated Let us then so adjust the matter Let Equity and all those inclinations you express for Us as Neighbours English-men and partakers of the same Faith induce you to continue those Honorary respects to the Ships of war of this Nation which All the Neighbour-States and Princes and which you your selves and your Progenitors have constantly exhibited Which you may do without detriment or disgrace But We cannot for bear to demand without our unspeakable prejudice Private persons move in another Sphear and act by other Rules then Soveraign Powers The regards of Credit with them may oftentimes yield to those of Utility or other Motives the publick receives little of injuâ—…y thereby nor is their wisdom questioned for such punctilio's if they relinquish them for other emoluments or peace-â—…e But Soveraigns cannot transact so Their Subjects The People participate in their Honour and Indignities They have a propriety a direct Right in the former Soveraigns cannot alienate or suffer their Honour to be impaired because it is not really Theirs it appertains to the Nation universally and They are all effectually injured by such transactions either because the Indignity doth directly extend unto them or because the Government and Authority is thereupon weakned and prejudiced which is the greatest of Civil detriments that can befall a People though ordinarily they are not aware thereof As prudence doth thus distinguish betwixt the demeanour of private and publick persons So doth Châ—…istianity it self for albeit that the Gâ—…spel-precepts do oblige particular persons to bear injuries and contumelies with patience and to surrender even the Coat as well as Cloak yet is not this so to be construed as if even private Christians were to yield up their Civil rights to every insolent that would encroach upon and usurp them or that they were to deprive themselves of those reâ—…arations which the Law and Government affords them Neither is it so to be understood as if the Civil Magistrate in Christendome might not secure himself of that obedience and reverence which is due â—…nto his dignity but bear the sword in vain Do not therefore go about to teach Us patience that you may more easily wrong us Do not insinuate the concerns of the Frotestant Churches the interest of Religion the Evangelical rules for peace and brotherly love that You thereupon may deprive Us of our Rights destroy our Fleets ruine our Trade and either subject Us to Your States or render Us a facile conquest for any invader Hither to We have acquainted you with the value we ought to place upon the Right of the Flag were it only an Honorary salute with what prescription we claim it and with what injustice you refuse it We now adde that The English Nation did never regard it only as a Civility and Respect but as a Principal Testimony of the unquestionable Right of this Nation to the Dominion and Superiority of the adjacent Seas acknowledged generally by all the Neighbour-States and Princes and particularly by You and Your Predecessours besides many most authentick Records and undeniable proofs together with a constant practise in confirmation thereof Yet did a Captain of yours refuse it affirming that If He did it He should loose his Head Your Vice-Admiral denied it to the English Admiral and menaced such as rendered that submission to our Ships We do not upbraid you with meer incivility in this procedure though the grandâ—…ur of England and the obligations which the United Netherlands have to thâ—…s Nation might contain you from being rude It is the absolute and substantial Soveraignty of the Brittish Seas which on our parts by such a deportment as the striking of the Flag or Topsail to our Ships on those Seas is required to be acknowledged and so hath been for many hundred years understood agreed unto and acknowledged by the Nations of Europe Would you know the extent of this Maritime Dominion our English Laws have alwayes reckoned upon the Four Seas Such as are â—…rn thereon are not Aliens and to be within them is to be within the Ligieance of the King and Realm of England The Records of Parliament in the dayes of King Edward III. and Henry V. proclaim it that those Kings and their Progenitors had ever been Lords of the Sea And God forbid that ever there should be any Parliament in England that should consent to erase those Records or cast dirt upon them by renouncing the Soveraignty asoresaid In the Records of the Tower there is a Libel relating to the times of Edward I. and Philip the fair of France in which the Procurators of most Nations bordering upon the Sea throughout Europe as the Genoâ—…ses Catalonians Almains Zelanders Hollanders Frieslanders Danes and Norwegians besides others under the dominion of the Roman-German Empire Allâ—… these joyntly declare That The Kings of England by Right of the said Kingdom from time to time whereof there is no memorial to the contrary have been in peaceable Possession of the Soveraign Lordship of the Sea of England and of the Isles within the same with power of making and establishing Laws Statutes and Prohibitions of Arms and of Ships otherwise fâ—…rnished then Merchant-men use to be and of taking surety and affording safe-guard in all cases where need shall require and of ordering all other things necessary for the maintaining of Peace Right and Equity among all manner of People as well of other Dominions as their own passing through the said Seas and the Soveraign Guard thereof Out of this Libel we deduce that The Kings of England had then been in peaceable possession of the said Dominion of the said Sea of England by immemorial prescription That the Soveraignty belonged unto them not because they were Domini utriusqâ—… ripae as when they had both England Normandy and so were Lords of both Shores For Edw. I. at this time had not Normandy but that it is inseparably appendant and annexed unto the Kingdom of England Our Kings being Superiour Lords of the said Seas by reason as the said Record speaketh of the said Kingdom And since that the Soveraignty of the Sea did appertain to the English Kings not in any other Right then that of the Kingdom of England you cannot doubt the Title by which Our present claiâ—… is deduced 'T is in right of Britannia that We challenge it 'T was in that right the Romans held it This claim justified K. Edward III. and his Rose-nobles Though there are other reasons regarding to the Lancastrian line which yield a colour for the use of the Portcullis in the Royal banners of England yet as we read in reference to his
trahit secum cùm omnibus manifestum sit in quantum Hollandia si in hanc vel illam partem inclinet conferre possit Deduct Ord. Ze'andiae contra Holland de seclus Pr. Auâ—…iaci Leo ab Aitzma Aitzma 8 2. Judge by this authentick narration how little truâ—…h there is in the vulgar reports and common writers as Florus Angâ—…us c that They went to fetâ—…h money for Cromwel I do not believe He had one farthing from them Ipsos tamen non obstante ejusmodi satisfactione Londiâ—…um quo compositis jam ab utraque parte concessis Articulis subsignarent atque universum Tractatum confirmarent neutiquam fuisse reversos sed rectâ—… itinere se in Hollandiam contulisse universo Tractationis negotio-infecto atque in incerto penitùs relicto Deduct ord Holland in Narrat facti Sect. 8. ibid. Sect. 〈◊〉 10 11. ibid Sect. 12 13. ibid Sect. 14 15. 16. ibid. Sect. 16 ibid. Sect. 19. ibid. Sect. 20. Sect 21. Sect. 22 23. ibid. Sect. 24. ibid. Sect. 25. ibid. Sect. 26 27. Leo ab Aitzma p. 869. In Legatione publicâ Foederatorum procerum officio tenus quamdiu eo sunguntur licitum non fuerit ab ullo mandatum multo minus contrarium circa tractationes suas recipereaut iis morem gerere atque adâ—… quia prohibitum erat contrarium Hollandiae procerum mandatum excusare debuisse Propos. D. Deputati Groning c. Item Deductio ordin Zeland Ingenti studio spectatâ fide placita procerum peragere â—…olitos fuisse denique juxta eorundem decreta atque mandata Tractatui finem imposuisse adeò quidem ut nihil amplius reliquum esset ad consummationem quà m ut utrinque fieret 〈◊〉 ibid. Interim in Articulis nihil dâ—…tum de Religione Leo ab Aitzma p. 852. Florus Anglicus part 2. p. 280. ib. p. 315. â—…he said Embassadour in a Memorial given into the Council of Sâ—…ate Iuly 24. 1652. acquainted them that the States General had by a publick Act declared and decreed thus much See it in the Declaration P. 3â—… p. 46. Leo ab Aitzma hist. tract pacis Belg. pag. 762. Declarat pag. 8. See Major Bourne's relation in the Parliaments answer to Three papers c. A. D. 1652. See the Depositions in the aforesaid Answer to the Three papers The Dutch in their Declaration of War at that time do confess He did not strike the Flag and Sail but that He was going to Lower hiâ—… Topsails which Blake prevented by a suddam â—…acque Leo ab Aitzma hist. tract Belg. p. 759. Declurat p. 7. 8. Selden Mare clâ—…us l. 2. c. 26. In omnitus rebus veâ—… ipsa plurinium habet dignitatis ita ut Massaâ—…ienses quorum praestantisâ—…ima creditur fuisse resoublica laudentur eo nomine quâ—…d gladâ—…o ad puniendos sontes usi sint eodem à condiâ—…â urâ—…e quò indicarent in minimis quoque relus antiqua consuetudinis momenta servanda Proxime eniâ—… ad Deum accedit Antiquitas AEternitatis quâdam imagine Grotius de anâ—…e p. Baâ—…av in praesat Cateris mortalibus in eo stare consilia quid sibi conducere putent Principum diveâ—…sam esse sortem quibus praâ—… rerum ad famam 〈◊〉 Tacitus Annal. l. 4. Kingdoms are preserved by reputation which is as well their strongest support in peace as their chiefest safety in time of war When once they grow despised they are either subject to forreign invasions or domestic troubles Card. Bentivoglio Relat. of Flaâ—…ders concerning the Prince of Conde's flight Si fama tua videtur necessaria ad rectam muneris tui administrationem non potes condonare Lessius de Justit l. 2. c. xi dub 24. Sect. 126. Declaration p. 9. Seld. mare claus l. 2. c. 24. Le Mere est del ligeans del Roy come de son corone d'Angleterre Fiâ—…zherbert â—…it Protection 46 Le Roy ses nobles progenitors de tout temps ont este Seigneurs del mere Sel'den ibid. c. 23. Selden mare claus l. 2. c. 27 28. Sir Iohn Boroughs Keeper of the Records of the Tower of London In a Treatise of the Soveraignty of the Brittish Seas Printed in 1631. The right unto the Sea aâ—…eth 〈◊〉 from the possession of the Shores the Sea and Land make distinct territories and as the loss of one Province doth not infer that the Prinâ—…e must resign up the rest so the loâ—… oâ—… tâ—…e land territory doâ—…h noâ—… by â—…ritancy argue the loss of the adjacent Seas It is no more neceâ—…y that 〈◊〉 Sea town should command â—…oo mileâ—… at Sea then that each City should command 100 miles byland Iul. Pacius de dom maris Adriatici G Malines Lex Mercatoria part 1. c. 35. Cambden Britannia in the description of Yorkshire and of Scarborough castle Hitchcocks New-years gift to Q. Elizabeth edit Londin 1530. Selden mare claus l. 2. c. 21. Rex Norwegia c. habet insulas aliquas videlicet Istandiam Feroy Hâ—…landt alias plures ad regnum suum Norwegia pertinentes ad quas nulli ab antiquo solebant accedere de terris alienis ex quibuscunque causis sive piscandi sive mercandisandi sub poenâ vitae membrorum non magis homines regni Norwegiae quâm aliarum terrarum praeter specialem licentiam regiae Majestatis c. Isacius Pontanuâ—… discus Histor l. 1. c. 21. Selden mare claus l. 2. c. 32. Is. Pontâ—…nns ibid. Selden ibid. id ibid. c. 21. Zuerius Boxhorn Apolog pro navigat Hollandor Thus the Hanse Towns by a perpetual League with Woldemar K. of Denmark though they had the Liberty to fish in the Sea near Schoneland yet for every last of Herrings brought on shore they paid 10 d. in the money of Schoneland and every vessel laâ—…en with herrings was to pay 11 s. for its passage thorough the Sound A. D. â—…370 Ioan. Angelius de rebusp hansâ—…at part 3. c. 24. Parlam 4. Jacob. R 6. c. 60. Parlam 6. ejusdem c. 86. Iacob 6. p. 15. c. 237. Gul. Welwodus de dominio maris c. 3. In a Treaty betwixt Mary Q. of Hungary Regent of Burgundy for Charles V. and the Tutors of Mary Q. of Scotland and renewed by Iames VI. 15â—…4 The whole Treaty is relaâ—…ed by Peter Borre l. 30. Statut. Hibernic 5. Edw. 4. c. 6. Sir â—…ohn Boroughs of the Soveraignty of the Seas Gerard. Malins Lex merâ—…at 〈◊〉 35. Rot Franc. 5. Hen. 4. Sept. 29. Selden mare claus l. 2. c 21 Sir Iohn Boroughs of the Soveraignty of the Sea Rot. Franc. 33 Hen. 6. Membrum 9. 14. Selden mare claus l. 2. c. 21. So in the Intercursus magnus it is said that the Fiâ—…hermen of both parties shall fish without License or impediment Thaâ—… is reddendo singulâ—… singulis the Dutch without License the English without impediment or molestation 〈◊〉 on the English did not use to fish upon the Flemmish coast but both upon the English Sir Ioâ—… Borought Rot. Eran. 8â—… 4.