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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A37731	An exact description of Ireland chorographically surveying all its provinces & counties ... : with an index of all the provinces, counties, baronies, cities, towns, forts, castles, rivers, lakes, havens, bays, mountains, promontories, &c., in such a manner as may serve for a geographical dictionary for Ireland ... : done according to the latest surveys, and agreeing with all the new maps / by Laurence Eachard ...	Echard, Laurence, 1670?-1730.	1691 (1691)	Wing E142; ESTC R22203	53,151	182

Masters of Dublin and several other considerable Places but being in a short time so incumbred with Danes at home that they were well satisfied to leave all that they had gained here being scarce able to defend their own from that Nation So that these soon recovered their former Liberty that is under the Government of their own Princes The next Conquest was made by the Northern Nations as Danes Swedes and Normans going by the general Name of Norwegians who first scowred along the Coasts by way of Pyracy but afterwards finding the weakness of this Isle by reason of its several Divisions they made an absolute Conquest of it under one Turge●…ius whom they elected for their King They were not Masters of it long before the King of Meath the only Irish Prince in favour with Turgetius found out a Stratagem by the help of his Daughter Omlag●…liben whom this Tyrant loved and slew him and with him all the Norwegians that were his Attendence and by this means they soon routed the rest so that the Petty Princes once more enjoyed their former Dominions The last Conquest was by King Henry the Secend of England Anno 1172. who was called in for the Assistance of the King of Leinster who was driven out of his Kingdom by the King of Meath He restored him and made a Conquest of these Petty Princes who submitted themselves to him and gave him all their Power which was confirmed to him by Pope Hadrian and ever since this Country has for the most part though with divers Alterations remained subject to England The Kings of England had only the Title of Lords of Ireland tho' Kings in Effect and Power till Anno 1542. Henry the Eighth in an Irish Parliament was declared King of Ireland as a Name more Sacred and Repleat with Majesty which was confirmed to Mary his Daughter by Pope Paul IV. Anno 1555. The Irish have always looked upon our Conquests as such wrong and injustice done to 'em though indeed nothing could be more to their Advantage that they would never let slip any Opportunity of Rebellions The first Rebellion was in the Reign of Edward the First 〈◊〉 when that Prince was engaged against the Scots one Dovenald O Neal rose up and styled himself King of Ulster and in Right of Inheritance the undoubted Heir of all Ireland but he was soon quell'd again The second Rebellion was in the Reign of King Henry the Eighth Anno 1537. by the Earl of Kildare who also added the Pretence of Religion This was soon suppressed the Earl taken and beheaded with his five Uncles The third Rebellion was by O Neal in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth Anno 1563. notwithstanding he was pardoned for the beginning of one before He burnt the Cathedral of Armagh and besieged Dundalk but without any success After two Years Sir Henry Sidney Lord Lieutenant went against ●…im in fight broke his Forces so that ●…leeing to the Scots whom he had ●…ikewise injured he was assassinated ●…n cold Blood and soon after attainted ●…n Parliament and the Title O Neal quite abolished The fourth Rebellion in this Coun●…ry was not above 14 Years after in Anno 1579. about the middle of Queen Elizabeth It was begun by the Earl of Desmond who not being of sufficient power himself called in the Spaniards who began to possess themselves of several Places But how soever this was of no such ill consequence as some others were for about a Year after the Spaniards were all driven out Sir Oem being a considerable Agent against them and the Earl himself was taken and executed Anno 1583. The fifth Rebellion was in the same Reign Anno 1595. made by Sir Oem who before had done great Service against the Earl of Desmond This was more dangerous than any before he being a good Soldier Anno 1598. he defeated the English nigh Black-Water In 1599. brought the Earl of Essex to condescend to a Treaty with him In 1601. he brought the Spaniards over to his Assistance who took and Garisoned Kinsale This War lasted eight Years till Anno 1603. Kinsale was retaken and the Spaniards totally driven out whereupon Sir Oem submitted and was brought over by the Lord Lieutenant to King Iames the First The sixth Rebellion was the most terrible of all made by a general Insurrection of all the Irish Anno 1641 in the beginning of our Troubles in England who assassinated an incredible number of the English after such a barbarous sort as no Age nor Nation could ever parallel Our Nation could lend them no Assistance till Anno 1649. and 50. Oliver Cromwel with Ireton and others gave them a most bloody Chastisement erecting many a dreadful Trophie of the Divine Vengeance against all such perfidious Traitors so that if Mercy had not been shewn in time they might with a little more Expence of Time and Treasure utterly extirpated the Irish Name and Nation As for these present Troubles I shall say nothing of having been treated of by so many good Pens already and in my Description of the Provinces Counties Towns Castles c. I shall say but little of these Wars and knowing by reason of them there have been many Alterations which I shall take but little Notice of I shall give a Description of every place as they were before the Wars begun Yet perhaps I may be a little more particular in those Towns which have been most famous in these Wars The Government of this Country is by a Vice-Roy though he has not that Name first called Keepers or Wardens of Ireland afterwards Justices of Ireland and now Lord Lieutenant and Deputy of Ireland Their Authority is Large Ample and Royal having Power to make War to conclude Peace to bestow all Magistracies and Offices except a very few to pardon all Crimes unless they be some of High Treason to dub Knights c. And truly there is not in all Christendom any other Vice Roy that tomes nigher the Majesty of a King for his Jurisdiction Authority Train Furniture and Provision There are assistant to him in Council the Lord Chancellor of the Realm the Treasurer of the Kingdom and others of the Earls Bishops Barons and Judges which are of the Privy Council When any one entreth upon the Honourable Place of Government first the Letters Patents are publickly read after that he takes a solemn Oath in a set Form of Words before the Chancellor then the Sword is delivered to him which is to be born before him and then he is placed in a Chair of State having standing by him the Chancellor of the Realm those of the Privy Council the Peers and Nobles of the Kingdom with a King of Arms a Sergeant of Arms and other Officers of State Besides the Lord Lieutenant himself in more remote Provinces are several Inferiour Governours to administer Justice as a Principal Commissioner in Connaught and a President in the Province of

places that return Parliament Men called Boroughs Sixty Six Castles of old Erection and according to Morden 80 Parishes in the whole Chief City of the whole is commonly reckoned Waterford but Limerick at present deserves the Preheminence The Boroughs are as following viz. Five in Tipperary Cashell Clonmell Fetherd Tipperary and Thurles Four in Waterford Dungarvan Lismore Tallagh and Waterford Three in Limrick Askeaton Kilmalock and Limrick Three in Kerry Ardfeart Dingle and Trally And 10 in Corke Baltimore Bandon-Bridge Caraby Charleville Clone Corke Kingsale Cloyne Mallo and Younghill The Religious Places in this Province were once the two Abbies a●… Youghill one called North-Abby an●… the other South-Abby The two Abbies at Limerick St. Francis-Abby an●… Dominick-Abby The two Abbies a●… Corke St. Francis-Abby and the Abb●… of the Isles And lastly that famou●… Abby of the Holy-Cross in Tipperary These are now quite ruined and wholly out of use This Province before the Englis●… Conquest of it was a Kingdom of i●… self and ruled by its own King I●… then contained some part of Connaugh●… that is the County of Thomond sinc●… the English became Masters of it i●… has been kept close to that Crown only the Spaniards at one time became Masters of a little of it bu●… were soon driven out It is now Governed by a Lord President who ha●… one Assistant two Learned Lawyers and a Secretary to keep it in Obe●…ience It was anciently divided among the ●…lterni in Tipperary the Coriandi in ●…imerick Waterford and part of Tip●…erary and Corke the Luceni in Kerry ●…he Velibori in Desmond in Corke and ●…he Vodii in some part of Corke Afterwards divided into Deswown Hierwown Meanwown and Urwown Of later ●…imes it was divided into two parts viz. West-Mounster and South-Mun●…ter It stands at present divided into five Counties by some into six viz. 1. Tipperary 2. Waterford 3. Corke to which is joyned the County of Desmond 4. Limerick and 5. Kerry Of these three border on the Sea viz. Waterford Corke and Kerry Tipperary and Limerick are Midland Counties These Counties are again divided into 52 Baronies 1. Tipperary TIpperary or Holy-Cross by the Irish Thobruidearum Cuntae has on the East Queens-County and Kilkenny in Leinster on the West Limerick and the River Shannon which parts it fro●… Gallway and Thomond in Connaught on the North or North-East Kings County in Leinster and on the South Waterford It is in length 58 Miles and in breadth 36. The South-part●… are exceeding fertile and well furnished with good Buildings It is divided into 14 Baronies viz. Lower Ormond Ormond Arra Owny Ikerin Ileagh Eliogurty Kilnalong Kilnamama Clonwilliam Middlethird Slewwardagh Comsey and Iffa and Ossa I●… which are two Market-Towns an●… five Boroughs the chief Town is Clonmell Chief Places are 1. Thurles a Borough-Town on the River Shure si●… Miles from the Borders of Kilkenny 2. Cashell or Cassel 12 Miles South o●… Thurles nigh the River Shure a Borough and an Archbishoprick but no●… else of Note 3. Fethard a little Borough-Town eight Miles almost Eas●… of Cashell 4. Tipperary or Holy-Cr●… a Borough-Town 17 Miles West 〈◊〉 Fethard It gives Name to this Cou●…ty and was once a very famous pla●… 5. Emly or Awn above seven Mil●… West of Tipperary nigh the Borde●… 〈◊〉 Limerick It is a Bishop's See once famous City but now much decay●… 6. Clonmell a Market-Town and ●…orough 26 Miles nigh East of Emly 〈◊〉 is now the chief of the County a ●…ch Place of great strength and stands 〈◊〉 the River Shure on the Borders of Waterford about 82 Miles South-West ●…f Dublin 7. Carick or Carick-Mac-Griffen a Market-Town on the same River 10 Miles East of Clonmell It ●…s situated on a Rock between the Li●…its of Waterford and Kilkenny 2. Waterford WAterford has on the East Waterford-Haven which parts it from Wexford in Leinster on the West Cork on the North the River Shure which parts it from Tipperary and Kilkenny in Leinster and on the South the Ocean It is in length 46 Miles and in breadth 24. A fine County as well for Pleasure as Riches It is divided into six Baronies viz. Glanehery Upperthird Middlethird Desees Coshmore and Cosbrid In which is one Market-Town and four Boroughs the chief Town is Waterford Chief Places are 1. Waterford 〈◊〉 the Irish Phurtargie a Market 〈◊〉 rough and Bishops See standing 〈◊〉 the River Shure on the Borders of K●…kenny It is a very Wealthy we●… traded and populous City the seco●… for bigness in this Kingdom endow●… with many ample Privileges T●… Streets are narrow thrust close an●… pent together It stands in an unhealthful Air but for Trade as conveniently seated as any Port in the World having a most excellent Haven though a good distance from the Sea yet Ships of the greatest Burden may easily ride at the Key It stands 75 Miles nigh South of Dublin 2. Dungarvan 20 Miles almost South-West of Waterford It is a Borough-Town seated on the Sea well fortified with a Castle and has a very commodious Road for Ships 3. Lismore a Borough-Town 13 Miles West of Dungarvan on the River Blackwater once a Bishops Sea but now united to Waterford and is in a decaying condition 4. Tallagh a Borough-Town above five Miles South of Lismore by the Borders of Cork 3. Limerick LImrick or Limerick has on the East Tipperary on the West Kerry ●…n the North the River Shannon which parts it from Thomond in Con●…ught with a little of Tipperary and ●…n the South with Cork It is in length 48 Miles and in breadth 27. A fertile County and well inhabited but able to shew few good Towns The West parts are Mountainous and the rest plain It is divided into nine Baronies viz. Clonello Kenry Limerick Ownyheg Connagh Clanwilliam Smale County Coshma and Coshled In which is one Market-Town and three Boroughs Principal Place is Limerick Chief Places are 1. Limerick or Lough-Meagh a Market a Borough and a Bishop's See now the Metropolis of Munster It is an eligent rich and populous City and of singular Strength situated partly on an Island ●…n the River Shannon It is counted two Towns the Upper wherein stands the Castle and the Cathedral Church has two Gates opened into it and each of them a fair Bridge o●… Stone into it with Bulwarks an●… little Draw-Bridges the one leading unto the West the other unto the East Unto which the Lower Town joyneth fenced with a Wall and a Castle also thereto and a Fore-gate at the Entrance into it The Bridges and Castles are very beautiful It stands 60 Miles off of Sea yet Ships of Burthen can come up to the Walls It stands about 95 Miles almost West of Dublin 2. Askeaton a little Borough nigh the Shannon 13 Miles almost West of Limerick 3. Athdora a small Town eight Miles South-East of Askeaton and nine South-West of Limerick of old time fortified

An EXACT DESCRIPTION OF IRELAND Chorographically Surveying all its Provinces Counties After a more Accurate Plain Easie and Particular Manner than any before done in this kind Shewing the Exact STATE of that Kingdom and all the Principal Things that are Necessary to be known And 5 Maps relating thereto With an INDEX of all the Provinces Counties Baronies Cities Towns Forts Castles Rivers Lakes Havens Bays Mountains Promontories c. In such a manner as may serve for a Geographical DICTIONARY for IRELAND Very Useful for the Right Understanding the p●…esent Affairs of that Kingdom Done according to the latest Surveys and agreeing with all the New MAPS By LAURENCE EACHARD of Christ-College in Cambridge London Printed for Tho. Salusbury at the Sign of the Temple near T●…mple-Bar in Fleetstreet 1691. THE Preface IRELAND is at present a Place of very Considerable Action and of so nigh Concern to this Nation that I thought a short Description of it could not be very unacceptable in so Curious an Age tho●…gh offer'd by One who has so lately troubl●…d the Publick with something of this Nature Since it is usual for Authors to give some Account of their Works in their Preface I shall do so of this and that as briefly as I can In making of it I have observed as good a Method as I could and have been also as particular not leaving out any thing that ought to be known or was necessary to make it Compleat not only observing those Things that were purely Chorographical and Modern but also such as were Historical and Ancient In the Provinces and Counties I have also been very Methodical agreeing with each other even to the equal Number of Paragraphs so exactly that what is in one may be found in all and have given them all the true Dimensions according to the latest Survey The Towns I have Describ●…d as largely as I could from any A●…thor I could procure tho' perhaps not so largely as some may expect m●…ntioning m●…re than I can find in any other Book always beginning with the most Northern Town in the County as nigh as I could and going on in such Order shewing their Distances all the way in English M●…les the 60th part of a Degree as may be most easily found in the Maps I have shewn the Distance of the chief Town in each County from Dublin the chief of the Kingdom The Index I am sure must be of good use to all such as desire to understand the History and Affairs of this Country And for the speed●…er finding of those Places there mentioned I have set the Longitude and Latitude of all the Towns and Castles according to P. Lea's and H. Moll' s Map That this Index might be of greater and more general Use I have named many more Places than are in the Book tho' perhaps there be not enough to satisfie every One's Curiosity yet I have left out none that deserved any thing of Observation I must desire the Reader to take Notice That I have mentioned very little of these late Wars those no ways belonging to my Design but have as I have hinted elsewhere taken care as much as I could to rep●…esent all things as they were or ought to have been before these Troubles began But howsoever I have taken particular Notice of all such Places as have been any thing Notable in these Times and have often given some small Hints for Distinction sake Perhaps it may also be expected that I should give a List of the Governors and several Officers with an Account of the Number Condition c. of the Souldiers with other Things concerning the Present State of this Kingdom But these Things by reason of the many Alterations every Day are extreamly difficult to do and are quite from my Design therefore I shall leave 'em to such as have more Convenience and better Intelligence than my self reckoning notwithstanding their Omission that this Book fully answers the Title-Page By reason of the little time I have had to write this Book possibly I may have committed some small Faults perhaps in the exact Number of the Parishes Boroughs Castles c. which were very difficult to get if there be any such I hope the Impartial Reader will not take Notice of them to my Disadvantage If there be found any fault in the Description of the Wild Irish it must be attributed to my Authors who were not altogether so Modern as I could have wished The Business of these Times and the present want of such a Description has made me somewhat more hasty than I would have been But however I have endeavoured to do every thing as well and exact as the time would permit THe Five Maps herein contained are one General Map of the whole Kingdom divided into Provinces the other Four are the Provinces divided into Counties BOOKS lately Printed for and sold by Tho. Salusbury at the Sign of the Temple in Fleetstreet viz. The History of the late great Revolution in England and Scotland with the Causes an●… Means by which it was Accomplished Together with a particular Account of the Extraordinary Occurrences which happened thereupon As likewise the Settlement of both the Kingdoms under their most Serene Majesties King William and Que●…n Mary Octavo Price 5 s. Wisdom's Dictates Or Rules Physical and Moral for preserving the Health of the Body and the Peace of the Mind Fit to be regarded and practised by all that would enjoy the Blessings of the present and future World To which is added A Bill of Fare of seventy five Noble Dishes of Food far exceeding those made of Fish or Flesh. By Tho. Tryon Student in Physick Price 1 s. Arithmetical Rules digested and contracted for the Help and Benefit of Memory very necessary and useful as well for Gentlemen and Tradesmen as for Youth and Apprentices in Mercantile Affairs With Examples Illustrated upon the Rules By Arthur Leadbetter Schoolmaster in the Whiting-street in Bury St. Edmonds in Suffolk Price 1 s. Bragadocia a Comedy Price 1 S. A TABLE Of the Provinces and Counties of Ireland ANtrim Page 43 Armagh 52 Catherlagh 88 Cavan 50 Connaught 58 Cork 101 Down 54 Dublin 80 Dunnagal 46 East-Meath 77 Fermanagh 49 Gallway 67 Kerry 100 Kildare 83 Kilkenny 86 K●…ngs-County 84 Leinster 70 Letrim Page 62 Limrick 99 Londonderry 46 Longford 74 Louth 55 Mayo 64 Monoghan 51 Munster 91 Queens-County 85 Roscommon 66 Slego 63 Tipperary 99 Thomond 69 Tyrone 41 Ulster 38 Waterford 97 West-Meath 77 Wexford 89 Wicklow 81 A Generall Mapp of the Kingdom of IRELAND By Francis Lamb. A Chorographical Description OF IRELAND c. Of IRELAND in General CHAP. I. ●…f its Name Bounds Situation Clime Form Dimensions Distances Air Soil Products Commodities Rivers Lakes Bays Mountains Capes c. IRELAND is called by the Latins Hibernia by Orpheus Aristotle Strabo Stephanus and Claudian Ierna by Pomponius Me●… Iuvenal and Solinus Iuverna by Pto●…omy Iuernia and sometimes Britannia Minor by Martian

of Heraclia Ioyepnia by Diodorus Siculus Irim by Eusta●…hus Oyernia or Overnia and Vernia by some called Bernia Plutarch called it by the Name of Ogygia The Irish Bards or Poets have mentioned the Names of Tivolas Totdanan and Banno as the most ancient Names In later times it went by the Name of Scotia and Scotia Min●…r to distinguish it from the other Scotland It is now called by the Inhabitants Eryn and sometimes Gwydhill by the Welch Yverdon and Ywerdhou by the Germans Irlandi by the Italians Irlanda●… and by the French Irlande It is environed on all sides with the Ocean bounded on the East with a violent and unruly Sea called the Irish Sea or St. George's Channel which separates it from England and Wales and on the North-East from Scotland on the West with that vast Ocean called th●… Western or Atlantick Ocean which parts it from the main Continent of America on the North with the Northern Ocean called the Ducalidonian Ocean and on the South and South-West with that which is called the Vergirian Ocean If we consider it in respect of Heavenly Bodies it is situated between the 5th Degree and 58th Minute and the 10th Degree and 45th Minute of Longitude that is from London but reckoning from Tenneriffe it lies between the 8th and the 12th Degree and 55 Minutes of Longitude equal with the greatest part of Gallicia and Asturia in Spain And between the 51st Degree and 15th Minute and the 55th Degree and 15th Minute of Northern Latitude equal with Wales and the greatest part of England By this account we may see that it lies wholly under the Ninth and Tenth Climes with a little of the Eighth so that the longest Day on the most Southern parts is 16 Hours and about 25 Minutes and the longest Day on the most Northern parts is 17 Hours and about 12 Minutes that is almost an Hour longer It lies in one of the temperate Zones toward the Northern parts of it about five Degrees from the middle so that for its Situation it cannot be very intemperate either in Summer or Winter As for the Form and Shape of this Island it is oblong nigh as long again as broad somewhat though but little indeed resembling an Egg to which form many have likened it to Speed compares it rather to the shape of the Fore-Leg of a Bear which is as difficult to imagine as the other and if we consider all the variety of Windings and Turnings scarce any thing can be imagined to have a more irregular Form It is for bigness an Island of the third Rank reckoned to be about half as big as England In length from Fairhead the Northern Point of Antrim in Ulster to Missen-Head the South Point of Cork in Munster about 285 Miles In breadth in the widest place that is from the East-parts of Down in Ulster to the West-parts of Mayo in Connaught 160 Miles From the East of Wexford in Leinster to the West of Kerry in Munster 152 Miles But in the middle from the East of Dublin to the West of Galloway 146 Miles The whole Circuit reckoning all the Windings and Turnings is above 1400 Miles It lies distant from Scotland North-East and South-West from Cape Red-boy in Antrim to the South-parts of Cantire 15 Miles From England East and West from the East-parts of Down to St. Bees-Head in Cumberland 84 Miles From Wales East and West from the East-parts of Wexford to St. Davids 45 Miles From France North-West and South-East 220 Miles From Spain North and South 440 Miles And from New-France the nighest part of America from which it lies exactly West about 1440 Miles The Air is most mild and temperate in respect of Hot and Cold so that it is cooler in Summer and warmer in Winter than in England but nothing so clear and subtile as here therefore not so good in Summer for ripening of Corn and Fruits In the Winter it is more subject to Wind Clouds and Rain than Frost and Snow It is so excessive moist that many there are sore troubled with Loosenesses and Rheumes more especially Strangers who seldom escape those Distempers for the staying of which they have a Liquor called Usque-bah or an Aqua Vitae which is esteemed of as stronger and better than ours As for its Soil it is of it self abundantly fruitful but naturally rather fitter for Grass and Pasturage In some places the rankness of the Soil is so great the Grass so long and withal so sweet that the Cattel in those places would soon graze to a surfeit if they were not sometimes hindred This Country in many places is incumbred with vast Bogs and unwholsome Marshes being full of great Lakes and Sands and is also over-grown with many large Woods But of late Years these Inconveniencies have been very much corrected by drying and draining up many of the Marshes and by cutting down several of the Woods It produces a vast number of goodly Flocks of Sheep which they share twice a year Here are likewise excellent good Horses which we call Hobies which have not the same pace with others but a soft and round Amble setting one Leg before another very finely As for Cattle here are infinite numbers being indeed the principal Wealth of the Inhabitants it is said they will give no Milk if their Calves be not by them or their Skins stuffed with Straw or Hay For Bees they have such Numbers that they are found not only in Hives but also in the Bodies of Trees and holes of the Earth It is very much troubled with Wolves but has no Snake or Venemous Creature whatsoever neither will any live here It has variety of all sorts of wild and tame Fowls and vast quantities of Fish especially Salmons and Herrings All living Creatures besides Men Women and Greyhounds are smaller than ours in England The Principal Riches and Commodities of this Kingdom are Cattel Hides Tallow Suet great Store of Butter and Cheese Wood Salt Honey Wax Furs Hemp Linnen Cloth Pipe Staves great quantities of Wool of which they make Cloth and Freezes with those course Rugs or shag Mantles which are vented into Foreign Countries Variety of Fish and Fowl and also several Metals as Lead Tin and Iron in a word there is nothing wanting either for Pleasure and Profit every thing being extraordinary cheap and plentiful and of late times the Industry of the Inhabitants have not been so much wanting and by reason of the great Converse with the English are more Civilized then formerly both Trade and Learning flourishing i●… such a measure that were it not fo●… these unhappy Broils it well might have been counted as Beautiful an●… Sweet a Country as any under Heave●… The Principal Rivers of this Country are 1. Shannon or Shennon which ariseth in the County of Letrim in Connaught It divides for the most part of the way Connaught from Leinster and Munster and makes many Lakes

particularly Lough-Ree and Lough-Derg passing by the Towns of Letrim Iames Town Lanesburrough Athlone Clonefert Killalow and Limrick after a Course of 200 Miles of which 60 Navigable falls into the Western Ocean with a Mouth above seven Miles wide Others are 2. Swift Awiduff or Blackwater 3. Baleful-Shure 4. Woody-Barrow 5. Rolling-Liffe 6. Pleasant-Boyne 7. Spreeding Lee c These shall be all more particularly Treated of in the Provincss The Havens are many and Commodious those of chief Note are 1. Waterford at the Mouth of the River Shure 2. Cork at the Mouth of the River Lee. 3. Youghill at the Mouth of the River Awiduff or Blackwater The principal Lakes of this Kingdom are 1. Lough-Erne in the County of Fermanack in Ulster nigh 30 Miles long and 10 broad bordering about with shady Woods and full of inhabited Islands some containing 2 or 300 Acres of Land having vast store of Trouts Pikes and Salmons 2. Lough-Neagh or Sidney between the Counties of Antrim and Tyrone 20 Miles long and 12 broad beset and shadowed along with thick Woods and unpassable Bogs yet extreamly Pleasant 3. Lough-Ree made by the River Shannon between the Counties of Roscommon Longford and West-Meath 15 Miles long and five broad Louth-Derg another made by the Shannon between Tipperary Thomond and Gallway 18 Miles long and four broad 5. Lough-Corrib in the County of Gallway having in it several Isles abounding with Pine Trees 6. Lough-Conn in the County of Mayo 7. Lough-Cara c. 8. Lough-Cilly in the County of Slego 9. Lough-Allyn in the County of Letrim 10. L●…gh-Dercuereagh 11. Lough-Hannel in West-Meath with several others The most considerable Bays of this Country may be reckoned 1. The Bay of Gallway a very large and safe Harbour capable of a vast Fleet of Ships and defended on the West with the South Isles of Arran It lies between the Counties of Gallway and Thomond 2. Dingle-Bay a large and spacious Harbour in the County of Kerry in M●…nster 3. Bantry-Bay in the County of Corke in Munster full of small Islands 4. Dunnagal-Bay between the Counties of Dunnagal Slego and Letrim at the entrance of Lough-Earne 5. Bay of London-derry a kind of a Lake between the Cou●… ties of Dunnagal and Londonderry called also by the Name of Lough-Foyle 6. Ca●…rickfergus-Bay between the Counties of A●…trim and D●…wn 7. Carlingford-Bay between the Counties of Down and Louth 8. Bay of Dublin in the County of Dublin 9. Wexford-Bay in the County of Wexford 10. Kin●…sale-Bay in the County of Corke with many other of less Note Mountains of chiefest Note are reckoned 1. Kn●…ck-Patrick or St. Patrick's Hill in the West parts of the County of Limrick mounted up a mighty height and yielding a pleasent prospect into the Sea beholding a far off the River Shannon falling with a vast Mouth in the Ocean 2. Sliew-Bloemy in Queen's County with their rising tops mounted up a wonderful height from whence arise the Rivers Shure Nuer and Barrow 3. The Mountains of Evagh and Moourne a ridge of Hills not far off the Sea in the County of Down 4. Sliew-Gallen certain Hills in the County of Tyrone dividing it into two parts 5. Curlew-Hills in the County of R●…scommon in Connaught 6. The Gualty Mountains in the County of Tipperary nigh the Counties of Limrick and Cork The most considerable Capes or Promontories are 1. Fair-head in the County of Antrim the mok Northern Point in this Kingdom about 17 Miles off Scotland 2. St. Iohn's Point in the County of Down about 8 Miles South of Down 3. Old-head in the County of Cork about seven Miles South of Kingsale 4. Missenhead in Cork the most Southern Point in this Country 5. Leane a very long Point in the County of Thomond at the Mouth of the River Shannon 6. St. Iohns Cape in the County of Dunnagal about 13 Miles West of Dunnagal 7. North Cape in the Northern parts of the same County 8. Dog-head in the Western parts of the County of Gallway I could here mention several of the Bogs as Allin Red-Boy c. but these will be of no great use In the Province of Ulster and County of Dunnagal upon an Island in a little Lake called Derg there is an old little Monastery in which is a very narrow Vault within the Ground so small that a Man can scarce stand up right in it not containing above 6 or 7 Persons at once This they call St. Patrick's Purgatory very much talked of by the Ignorant for walking Spirits and dreadful Apparitions which they say was occasioned by St. Patrick's earnest Prayers to God that the Torments which the wicked are to suffer after this life might be presented to the Eye that he might the more easily Root out the Sins of his Country Men. They Foolishly imagine that this Cave was digged first by Ulisses when he went to Parlee with those in Hell This place was very much resorted to by Pilgrims till the later end of King Iames the First Reign this hole was laid open and the Friers caused to depart There are seven places in Ireland which are more properly called by the Name of Cities viz. Dublin VVaterford Gallway Limrick Cork Londonderry and Kilkenny to which we may add Athlone Kingsale and Drogheda four Archbishopricks viz. Armagh Dublin Cashell and Tuam 19 Bishopricks and one University viz. Dublin Here are also about 39 Market Towns 119 Places that return Parliament Men which commonly go by the Name of Burroughs 93 Towns of Commerce and Trade 222 Castles of old Erection besides several new Fortresses built in the later times and 1586 Parishes The chief City of the whole Kingdom is Dublin the Vice-Roys Seat CHAP. II. Of the Inhabitants and famous Men particularly of the Wild Irish shewing their Language Names Diet Attire Manner of Living Customs Religion Superstitions Whimseys Marriages Burials and Wars THE Inhabitants descend originally from the Britains according to the best Authors since then intermixed with Danes Swedes and Normans but at present they are both English and Irish. As for the English I shall need to say nothing of nor the more civilized sort of Irish who are very conformable to the Customs and Laws of our Nation But the Kernes Rapperies c. those meer Irish who as yet have not been throughly conquered or civilized are those that I do intend particularly to treat of therefore I would not have our Irish Schollars take it amiss or think ill of that Character which no ways belongs to them but before I go any further I shall here as the most fit place mention some of the most eminent Persons this Nation has produced The most Famous Men of this Country may be reckoned 1. St. Patrick a Person of eminent Piety who converted this Nation to Christianity between the fourth and fifth Centurys 2. Palladius another Person who helped to convert this Kingdom about the same time 3. Columbus a Religious Monk some

in the County of Wexford about 112 Miles in breadth from the Town of Wicklow to the most West part of King's County about 70 Miles The Circuit reckoning the Windings and Turnings may be about 360 Miles The chief Rivers are 1. Barrow which arises in Queen's County running East and then South washes Caterlagh and Lughlin then takes the Shure nigh Waterford and together with it falls into the Ocean 2. Boyne which arises in King's County and run towards the North East washes Trim Navan Slaine and Drogheda and immediately after looses it self in the Ocean 3. Liffe or Leffy arising in the County of Wicklow about 15 Miles from its fall into the Sea and takes a large compass and falls into the Sea at Dublin 4. Nuer beginning in Queen's County washes Kilkenny and Thomas-Town and falls into the River Barrow a little above Ross. 5. Urrin or Slane beginning in Wicklow washes Ballinglass and Inishcorthy and falls into the Sea at Wexford 6. Inny in Kings-County falling into the Shannon at Lough-Ree This Province is very fertile and fruitful in Corn and Pasture-Ground and well watered with Rivers the Air clear and gentle mixt with a temperate Disposition yielding neither ex●…remity of Heat nor Cold. It is plentiful both in Fish and Flesh and in other Victuals as Butter Cheese and Milk The Commodities chiefly consists in Cattel Sea-Fowl and Fish and breeds excellent good Horses The Inhabitants come nearest the Civil Disposition of the English from whom they are for the most part descended so that I look upon this to be the most considerable Province in Ireland In this Province is one Archbishoprick viz. Dublin three Bishopricks besides Loughlin united to Fearnes and Glenelach united to Dublin viz. Fearnes Kildare and Kilkenny 16 Market-Towns viz. Athboy Arcklo Ardragh Carbre Dublin Kildare Kilkenny Longford Loughlin Mariburrough Molingar Philips-town Ross Trim Wexford and Wicklow 47 Places of Commerce and as many that return Par●…iament-Men or Boroughs 102 Castles well fortified by the English and 926 Parishes The chief place i●… Dublin also chief of the Kingdom The Boroughs are Three in Longford St. Iohns-Town Lanesburroug●… and Longford Three in West-Meath Foore Killbegan and Molingar Six i●… East-Meath Athboy Duleck Kells Navan Ratooth and Trim Three in Dublin Dublin Newcastle and Swords Four in Wicklow Arcklo Ballinglass Blessen and Wicklow Three in Kildare Arthy Kildare and Naas Thre●… in Kings-County Bi r Bunalin an●… Philips-town Three in Queens-County Ballinekill Mariburrough and Port-Arlington Eight in Kilkenny Callen St Canice Gowran Inis-teige Kells Kilkenny Knocktopher and Thomas-Town Two in Catherlagh Catherlagh an●… Loughlin And eight in Wexfor●… Bannae Clamine Clonegeen Feathard Iniscorthy Rosse Taghmon and Wexford The Religious Places of this Province were once the Monastery of S●… Mary of Oustmanby the Magnificen●… Abby called St. Thomas-Court at Dubli●… built by King Henry the Second o●… England Likewise Tintern Monastery that notable Abby founded b●… William Marshall Earl of Pembrook who called it de Voto because of a Vow that he made These Places have now little remaining This Province was before the English Conquest of it divided into two Kingdoms viz. Leinster and Meath both under their own Kings till a falling out hapned between the King of Meath and he of Leinster which caused King Henry the Second of England to make a Conquest of it Leinster has been inseparably annexed to England ever since but Meath was granted in Fee-Farm to Hugh Lacy a Noble English-man Since which it came wholly under the King of England and now the Province of Meath is united to Leinster It was anciently divided among the Brigantes inhabiting Kilkenny Caterlagh Kings and Queens Counties the Menapii in and about Wexford the Cauci in and about Wicklow and the Blanii or Elbanii in Dublin East-Meath and West-Meath Afterwards divided into Meath and Leinster as before was said Meath contained the Counties of East-Meath West-Meath and Longford It is now divided into 11 Countie●… viz. 1. Longford 2. West-Meath 3. Eas●… Meath 4. Dublin 5. Wicklow 6. Ki●… dare 7. Kings-County 8. Queens-Count●… 9. Kilkenny 10. Catherlagh and 11. Wexford Of these four borders on th●… Sea viz. East-Meath Dublin Wicklo●… and Wexford the seven others ar●… Midland Counties These Countie●… are again divided into 90 Baronies 1. Longford LOngford by some made in Connaught is the most North-Western County and has on the East and South West-Meath on the North and North-East Letrim in Connaught and Cavan in Ulster and on the West the River Shannon which parts it from Roscommon in Connaught It is in lengt●… 27 Miles and in breadth 16. A small but a rich and pleasant County It is divided into six Baronies viz. Longford Granard Ardagh Moydoe Rathlin and Shrowle In which are two Market-Towns and three Boroughs the chief Town is Longford Principal Places are 1. St. Iohns-Town or Ballanalie a Borough-Town on the River Camlin in almost the ●…iddle of the County 2. Longford 〈◊〉 the same River five Miles almost ●…est of St. Iohns-Town a Market-●…own and a Borough the chief of the ●…ounty but of no great Note It ●…ands about 58 Miles almost West of ●…ublin 3. Ardagh six Miles South-●…ast of Longford a little decayed Mar●…et-Town 4. Lanesburrough almost ●…2 Miles West of Ardagh a Borough-●…own standing on the River Shannon which has a Bridge over it into Ros●…ommon 2. West-Meath WEst-Meath has on the East East-Meath on the West the River ●…hannon which parts it from Roscom●…on in Connaught and Longford on ●…he North Cavan in Ulster and on the South Kings-County It is in length ●…0 Miles and in breadth 20. A Coun●…y which gives place to none in Ferti●…ity and Populousness It is divided into 11 Baronies viz. Foore Delyn Moygoish Corkery Molingar Fabill Furtullagh Moycashell Rathconrath Kilkenny and Clunlona In which is one Market-Town and three Boroughs the chief Town is Molingar Principal Places are 1. Foore a Borough-Town two Miles off the Borders of East-Meath of little Note 2. Molingar or Mullenger 13 Miles South of Foore a Market and Borough-Town of considerable Note and Strength not only the chief of this County but of the whole Province of Meath It stands 40 Miles nigh●… West of Dublin 3. Ballimore 13 Miles West of Molingar a small Town nigh●… the South-parts of Longford 4. Killbegan 10 Miles South-East of Ballimore a little Borough-Town on the River Brasmagh by the Borders o●… Kings-County 3. East-Meath EAst-Meath has on the East the Ocean and Dublin on the North and North-East Cavan and Louth in Ulster on the West West-Meath and on the South Kildare It is in length 38 Miles and in breadth as many A County very rich pleasant and populous It is divided into 11 Baronies viz Moyrgallon Slane Duleck Skreene Navan Kells Lune Moysenragh Deece Rato●…h and Dunboyne In which are two Market-Towns and six Boroughs the chief Town is