miseries of a civil War but all endeavours proved in effectuall for the French King persisted in his resolutions not to give way to the banishment of the Cardinal hereupon the Duke of Lorraine was sent for with his Army to come and joyn with the Princes the Duke having been tampered with by the contrary party and having advantageous termes desisted hereupon aâ— generall report was spread that his Majesty of England had drawn over the Duke to the Kings party because they were often together this coming to the peoples ears so incensed them not onely against the Duke for his perfidiousness But also against his Majesty and the Queen his mother the fury of the people increased so much that the King was forced for his own preservation to retire from the Louver to St Jermans the Queen his mother received many affronts as she passedin her Coach from the Louver to the Nunnery at Chaliot where she kept her Refidence his Majesty now treateth with Lorraine for the recovery of his kingdom of Ireland out of the hand of the English Republick to this end several Articles are agreed unto by the Lord Taffe agent for the King and the Duke amongst other things it was concluded that the Duke should be vested with the power and title of Protector Royall of Ireland But the Duke having not strength enough for this great enterprise this businesse takes no effect his Majesty having stayed at Saint Jermans till the heat of the popular fury was over returned again to the Louvre During his abode there his ilustrious Brother the Duke of Glocester who for a long time had bin under the custody of the English Juncto and at length dismissed and sent into Holland to his sister was from thence attended into France by Sir Marmaduke Langdale and Sir Richard Grenvile and he was honorably received at Paris by the French King Queen-Mother and the rest of the Grandee during his Majesties abode here arrived Mrs. Jane Lane who had so miraculously preserved the King after the fight at Worcester he being exceedingly glad to hear this news immediately sends some persons of quality with Coaches to conduct her to Paris where being come they rejoyce in each others presence let us now a little cast our eyes into England where Cromwell and the Council at White-Hall having usurped the Regall authority carry all by force before them about the latter end of February several persons of quality are carried to the Tower for being Loyal to his Majesty but because nothing of moment could be proved against them they are set at liberty Cromwell being desirous to strengthen himself in the Tyrannical Reigning over his Majesties subjects bethinks himself of making peace with forein States and Princes to that end presently patches up a very disadvantageous peace with the Dutch presently after concludes a peace also with Christina Queen of Sweden a a little before the resignation of her Crown to her Couzen Carolus Gustavus In May following several persons are charged with high Treason for endeavouring to take away the Protectors life seize upon the Tower and proclaim his Majesty King of Great Brittain a High Court of Justice is erected Col. Gerard Peter Vowel School-master and Somerset Fox are condemned to die the last is reprieved for his ample confessions Col. Gerrard was beheaded at Tower hill and Vowel hanged at Charing-Cross on the same day Don Pantalaon Sa Brother to the Portugal Ambassadour was beheaded for engaging in a quarrel on the New Exchange where one Mr. Greneway was slain His Sacred Majesty having now remained in the Court of France about two or three years sometimes being lifted up high with hopes of regaining his three kingdoms other times being cast down with fears sollicitates the States of Holland again to own his Royall interest but they having made a peace with Oliver onely complement him with a letter full of civility and now that which troubled his Majesty most was this the French Court notwithstanding all means used to the contrary by the King of England his mother and other friends prepare to send over an Ambassadour into England hereupon his sacred yet still suffering Majesty leaves that kingdom having taken his farewell of the King and other great ones from whom he received many Complements and Apologies being accompanied with his brother the Duke of York his Couzens Prince Rubert and Prince Edward Palatine to Chatilion a house belonging to the Prince of Conde where they stayed a while to confider how to dispose of themselves to th' best advantage his Majesty with Prince Rupert resolves for Germany having before sent the Lord Wilmot before Ambassadour to the Emperor to negotiate in his behalf Prince Edward took his journey to Burbone the Duke of York remaining in France till after the peace with England is concluded being Lieutenant General of the French Army the young Duke of Glooester after his Brother was gone into Germany by reason of the Queen his Mother and some others of the Catholique Religion was placed in the Colledge of the Jesuits there to have been bred up in the Romish Religion Intelligence thereof being soon brought to his Majesty he being not a little displeased soon takes order for his remove which was exactly performed Oliver according to one Article in his Government called a Parliament to meet at Westminster Sept. 3. 1654. William Lenthal master of the Roll being chosen Speaker at their first sitting they begin to question the lawfulness of the power by which they were called this highly Offended Oliver Protector and made him resolve to put a Period to their sitting so when they had sat about 5 mouths he dissolved them soon after the dissolution of the Parliament the Court was allarmed with news of a great rising in Shropshire Montgomryshire Wiltshire Nottinghamshire Northumberland and Yorkshire in the behalf of his Royal Majesty Sir Henry Littleton Sir John Packington and Major Wildman are secured and sent Prisoners to the Tower Sunday 11. March a Party about 200. enter Salisbury seize upon Horses take away Commissions from the Judges as they were going there circuit and march towards Cornwal they are met with by Captain Vnton Crook and after a sharp dispute totally routed their chief Captains were taken viz. Penruddock Jones and Grove Sir Joseph Wagstaffe made a shift to escape shortly after Penruddock and Grove were beheaded at Exon and Jones was repreived several other risings in other parts of this Kingdom but were all suppressed and now Cromwel prepares a very great Fleet but for what end none knew but some principal Commanders In the mean time the King of Spain sends over as Extraordinary Ambassador the Marquis of Leda who was here conplemented by our new Court but finding which way things went after a short stay returns to his own Country presently after his departure this great Fleet steer there course towards Hispaniola one of the fairest Islands belonging to the American Dominions of the King of Spain at
defence of the Parlament were according to Law and if any man should arrest or trouble any of them for it he is declared to be an enemy to the Common-wealth And when the King to quiet the Parlament 12. January 1641 was pleased to signifie that for the present he would wave his proceedings against the five Members and Kimbolton and assures the Parlament that upon all occasions he will be as carefull of their Priviledges as of his Life or his Crown Yet the next day after they Declared the Lord Digby's coming to Kingstone upon Thames but with a Coach and six horses in it to be in a Warlike manner and disturbance of the Common-wealth and take occasion thereupon to order the Sheriffs of all Counties in England and Wales with the assistance of the Justices of Peace and trayned bands of the severall Counties to suppress any unlawfull Assemblies and to secure the said Counties and all the Magazines in them 14 January 1641. The King by a second Message professeth to them he never had the least intention of violating the least priviledge of Parlament and in case any doubt of breach of Priviledges remain will be willing to clear that and assert those by any reasonable way his Parlament shall advise him to But the design must have been laid by or miscarried if that should have been taken for a satisfaction and therefore to make a quarrell which needed not they Order the morrow after a Charge and Impeachment to be made ready against Sir Edward Herbert the Kings Attorney Generall for bringing into the House of Peers the third of that instant January by the Kings direction a Charge or accusation against Kimbolton and the five Members c. In February 1641. Seize upon the Tower of London the great Magazine and Store-house of the Kingdom and set some of the train-bands of London commanded by Major Generall Skippon to guard it 1. March 1641. Petition for the Militia and tell him If he would not grant it they would settle and dispose of it without him And the morrow after resolved upon the Question That the Kingdom be forthwith put in a posture of defence in such a way as was already agreed upon by both Houses of Parlament and order the Earl of Northumberland Lord high-Admirall to Rig and send to Sea his Majesties Navy and notwithstanding that the King 4 March 1641. by his Letter directed to the Lord Keeper Littleton had signified that he would wholly desist from any proceedings against the five Members and Kimbolton Sir John Hotham a Member of the House of Commons who before the the King had accused the five Members and Kimbolton had by Order of Parliament seized upon the Town of Hull the only fortified place of strength in the Kingdom and made a Garison of it summoned and forced in many of the trayned Souldiers of the County of York to help him to guard it And the eight of March 1641. before the King could get to York it was voted That whatsoever the two Houses of Parliament should Vote or Declare to be Law the people were bound to obey And when not long after the King offered to go in person to suppress the Irish Rebellion That was Voted to be against the Law and an encouragement to the Rebells and they Declare that whosoever shall assist him in his voyage thither should be taken for an enemy to the Common-wealth And 15 of March 1641. Resolved upon the Question that the severall Commissions granted under the great Seal to the Lievtenants of severall Counties were illegall and void and that whosoever should execute any power over the Militia by colour of any such Commission without consent of both Houses of Parliament should be accounted a disturber of the Peace of the Kindom Aprill 1642. Sir John Hotham seizeth the Kings Magazine at Hull and when the King went with a small attendance to demand an entrance into the Town denies him though he had then no Order to do it Notwithstanding all which the 28 of April 1642. they Vote That what he had done was in obedience to the commands of both Houses of Parliament and that the Kings proclaiming him to be a Traytor was a high breach of priviledge of Parliament And Ordered all Sheriffs and Officers to assist their Committees sent down with those their Votes to Sir John Hotham In the mean time the Pulpits flame with seditious invectives against the King and incitements to rebellion and the people running headlong into it had all manner of countenance and encouragement unto it but those Ministers that preached obedience and sought to prevent it were sure to be imprisoned and put out of their places for it Sir Henry Ludlow could be heard to say in the House of Commons that the King was not worthy to Reign in England And Henry Martin That the Kingly Office was forfeitable and the happiness of the Kingdom did not depend upon him and his Progeny And though the King demanded Justice of them were neither punished nor put out of the House Nor so much as questioned or blamed for it The Militia the principall part of the Kings regality without which it was impossible either to be a King or to govern and the Sword which God had given him and his Ancestors for more then a thousand years together had enjoyed and none in the Barons wars nor any Rebellion of the Kingdom since the very being or essence of it durst ever heretofore presume to ask for must now be wrestled for and taken away from him The Commissions of Array being the old legall way by which the Kings of England had a power to raise and levy men for the defence of themselves and the Kingdom Voted to be illegall The passage at Sea defended against him and his Navy kept from him by the Earle of Warwick whilst the King all this while contenting himselfe to be meerly passive and only busying himself in givinganswers to some Parliament Messages and Declarations and to wooe and intreat them out of this distemper cannot be proved to have done any one action like a War or to have so much as an intention to do it unless they can make his demanding an entrance into Hull with about twenty of his Followers unarmed in his Company and undertaking to return and leave the Governor in possession of it to be otherwise then it ought to be 5. Of May 1642. The King being informed that Sir John Hotham sent out warrants to Constables to raise the trained bands of Yorkshire writes his letter to the Sheriff of that County to forbid the trained bands and commands them to repair to their dwelling houses 12 Of May 1642. Perceiving himselfe every where endangered and a most horrid Rebellion framing against him and Sir John Hotham so neer him at Hull as within a days journey of him he moves the County of York for a troop of Horse consisting of the prime Gentry of that County
and a Regiment of the train-bands of Foot to be for a guard unto him caused the oath of Allegiance to be administred unto them But the Parliament thereupon Vote that it appeared the King seduced by wicked Counsell intended to make a war against them and til then if their own Votes should be true must acquitt him from any thing more then an intention as they call it to do it And whosoever should assist him are Traitors by the fundamentall Laws of the Kingdom The Earl of Essex Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Houshould and all other of the Kings Houshould Servants forbid to go to him and the Kings putting some of them out and others in their places Voted to be an injury to the Parliament Messengers were sent for the apprehending of some Earls and Barons about him and some of his Bed-Chamber as if they had been Fellons The Lord Keepers going to him with the great Seal when he sent for him Voted to be a breach of priviledge and pursued with a warrant directed to all Mayors Bayliffs to apprehend him Cause the Kings Rents and Revenues to be brought in to them and forbid any to be paid him Many of his Officers and Servants put out of their places for being Loyall unto him and those that were ill affected to him put in their Rooms and many of his own Servants tempted and procured by rewards and maintenance to tarry with them and be false and active against him The twenty sixt day of May 1642. a Declaration is sent to the King but printed and published before he could receive it That Whatsoever they should Vote is not by Law to bee questioned either by the King or Subjects No precedent can limit or bound their proceedings A Parliament may dispose of any thing wherein the King or peopl have any right The Soveraign power resides in both Houses of Parlament The King hath no Negative voyce The levying of Warre against the personall commands of the King though accompanied with his presence is not a levying of Warre against the King but a levying War against his Laws and authority which they have power to Declare is levying of War against the King Treason cannot be committed against his person otherwise then as he was intrusted They have power to judge whether he discharge his trust or not that if they should follow the highest precedents of other Parliaments Paterns there would be no cause to complain of want of modesty or duty in them and that it belonged only to them to judge of the Law 27 Of May The King by his Proclamation forbids all his Subjects and trayned bands of the Kingdom to Rise March or Muster But the Parliament on the same day Command all Sheriffs Justices of the Peace and Constables within one hundred 50 miles of York to seize and make stay of all Armes and Amunition going thither And Declaring the said Proclamation to bee voyd in Law Command all men to Rise Muster and March and not to Muster or March by any other Authority or Commission and the Sheriffs of all Counties the morrow after Commanded with the posse Comitatus to suppress any of the Kings Subjects that should be drawn thither by his Command Secure and seize upon the Magazines of the Counties Protect all that are Delinquents against him make all to be Delinquents that attend him and censure and put out of the House of Peers nine Lords at once for obeying the Kings summons and going to him 3 June 1642. The King summoning the Ministers Gentry and Free-holders of the County of York declared to them the reasons of providing himselfe a guard and that he had no intention to make a War and the morrow after forbad the Lord Willoughby of Parham to Muster and train the County of Lincolne who under colour of an Ordinance of Parlament for the Militia had began to do it 10. June 1642. The Parlament by a Declaration signifying That the King intended to make a War against his Parlament invited the Citizens of London and all others well affected as they pleased to miscall them within eighty miles of the City to bring money and plate into the Guild-Hall London and to subscribe for Men Horses and Arms to maintain the Protestant Religion the Kings Person and Authority free course of Justice Laws of the Land and priviledges of Parlament and the morrow after send 19 propositions to the King That the great affairs of the Kingdom and Militia may be mannaged by consent and approbation of Parlament all the great Officers of Estate Privy Councell Ambassadors and Ministers of State and Judges to be chosen by them that the Government Education and Marriage of the Kings Children be by their consent and approbation and all the Forts and Castles of the Kingdome under the Command and Custody of such as they should approve of and that no Peers to be made hereafter should sit or vote in Parliament without the consent of Parliament with several other demands which if the King should have granted would at once in effect not onely have undone and put his subjects out of his protection but have deposed both himself and his posterity and then they would proceed to regulate his Revenue and deliver up the Town of Hull into such hands as the King by consent and approbation of Parliament should appoint But the King having the same day before those goodly demands came to his hands being a greater breach of his former priviledges then his demanding of the five Members and Kimbolton it it had not been lawfull for him so to doe could be of theirs granted a Commission of Array for the County of Leicester to the Earl of Huntington and by a letter sent along with it directed it for the present onely to Muster and Array the Trained Bands And 13. June 1642. Declared to the Lords attending him at York That he would not engage them in any War against the Parliament unless it were for his necessary defence whereupon the L. Keeper Littleton who a little before had either been affrighted or seduced by the Parliament to vote their new Militia The Duke of Richmond Marquess Hartford Earl of Salisbury Lord Gray of Ruthen now Earl of Kent and divers Earls and Barons engaged not to obey any Order or Ordinance concerning the Militia had not the Royal assent to it And fourteenth of June 1642. Being informed That the Parliament endeavoured to borrow great summs of money of the City of London and that there was great labour used to perswade his Subjects to furnish horse and money upon pretence of providing a guard for the Parliament By his letter to the Lord Mayor Aldermen and Sheriffs of London disavowing any purpose of making a War declared That He had not the least thought of raising or using of Forces unless he should be compelled to doe it for his own defence and forbiddeth therefore the lending of money or raising
Servants and Friends about Him who pawned and engaged their Plate Jewels and Lands for Him with those Lords and Gentlemen that willingly offered to bear Him company in His Troubles provides what Men and Armâ— He could in His way towards Notting ham where He intended to set up his Standard But the Parliament about the 23 of August 1642. having received some information that He intended to set up his Standard at Nottingham Declare That now it appearâ— to all the world that there is good ground of their fears and jealousies which if ever there had been any as there was no cause at all of any more than that meaning to murder and ruine Him they were often affraid He should take notice of it and seek to defend Himself there was by their own confession till this time no manifest or certain ground appearing that He intended to defend Himself against the Parliament and therefore order That all that shall suffer in their Estates by any force raised by the King without consent of Parliament shall have full reparation of their damages out of the Estates of the actors and out of the Estates of all such persons in any part of the Kingdome who should persist to serve the King in this War against the Parliament and That it should be lawfull for any number of persons to joyn and defend themselves and That the Earl of Essex their Generall should grant out Commissions for Levying and conducting forces into the Northern parts And Sir John Hotham the Governour of Hull assist them and command also the Sheriffs of the County of York and the adjacent Counties with the power of the Counties and Trained Bands to aid them and to seize upon all that shall execute the Commission of Array for his Majestie who was thus sufficiently beset by those that intended what since they have brought to pass against Him 25. August 1642. being some days after the Earle of Bedford had marched with great forces into the West that His Subjects might be informed of His danger and repair to his Succour setting up his Standard at Nottingham being a thing of meer legall necessity if He would have any at all to come to help Him and not forfeit and surprise those that by tenure of their Lands or by reason of Offices Fees or Annuities enjoyed under Him were more immediately bound to assist Him And yet here He must weep over Jerusalem and once again intreat the Parlament and His Rebellious Subjects to prevent their own miseries and therefore sends the Earls of Sonthampton and Dorset to the Parlament to desire a Treaty â—ffering to do all on His own part which might advance the Protestant Religion oppose Popery and Superstition and secure the Laws and Liberties of His Subjects and just pâ—iviledges of Parlament Which after severall scorns put upon those noble Messengers as denying the Earle of Southampton to come and sit in the House of Peers as a right by birth and inheritance due to him and causing the Serjeant at Arms of the House of Commons to go before him with the Macê as they use to do before Delinquents They refuse to accept of unless the King would first take down His Standard and recall his Declarations and Proclamations against them To which the King the 5. September 1642. notwithstanding the Earl of Bedford had with great forces in the mean time besieged the Marquis of Hartford in the Castle of Sherborn in Dorset shire replying That he never did Declare or intended for to Declare both his houses of Parlament to be Traitors or set up his Standard against them much less to put them and the Kingdom out of his protection And utterly protesting against it before God and the World offered to recall his Declarations and Proclamations with all cheerfullness the same day that they should revoke their Declarations against those that had assisted him and desiring a Treaty and conjuring them to consider the bleeding condition of Ireland and the danger of England undertakes to bee ready to grant any thing shall be really good for his Subjects which being brought by the Lord Falkland one of his Majesties Secretaries of State and a Member of the House of Commons and not long before in a very great esteem with them all the respect could be afforded him being to stand at the Bar of the House of Commons and deliver his Message to them had onely an answer in a printed Declaration of the Lords and Commons returned unto him That it was Ordered and Declared by the Lords and Commons in Parliament That the Armes which they have been forced to take up or shall be forced to take up for the preservation of the Parliament Religion and the Lawes and Liberties of the Kingdome shall not be laid down until his Majesty shall withdraw his protection from such Persons as have been voted by both Houses of Parliament to be Delinquents or that shall by both Houses of Parliament be voted to be Delinquents which after their mad way of voting might have been himself his Queen or his Heir apparent and leave them to the Justice of Parliament according to their demerits to the end that those great charges and damages wherewithal the Commonwealth hath been burthened since his Majesty departed from the Parliament might be born by the Delinquents and other malignant and dis-affected persons and that those who by Loans of money or otherwise at their charges have assisted the Commonwealth or shall in like manner hereafter assist the Commonwealth in times of extream danger and here they would also provide for future friends and quarrels may be re-paid all summs of money lent for those purposes and satisfied their charges sustained as out of the estates of the said Delinquents and of the Malignant and dis-affected Party in this Kingdome And to make good their words of 8. September 1642. Before their answer could come unto the Kings hands Ordered certain numbers of horse and foot to be sent to Garrison and secure Oxford and the morrow after before the King could possibly reply unto it their Lord General the Earl of Essex marched out of London against him with 20000 men horse and foot gallantly armed and a great train of Artiâ—lery to attend him notwithstanding all which and thosâ— huge impossibilities every day more and more appeared of obtaining a Peace witâ— those who were so much afraid to be loserâ— by it as they never at all intended it The King must needs send one messagâ— more unto them to try if that might noâ— give them some occasion to send Him gentleâ— conditions and therefore 13. September 1642. Being the same day they had impeached the Lord Strange of High-treason for executing the Kings Commission of Array and Ordered the propositions for furnishing of horse plate and money to be tendred from house to house in the Cities of London and Westminster and to be sent into all the Shires and Counties of England to be tendred for the same purpose
Authority to punish it is now written in the blood of the King and those many iterated complaints of the King in severall of his Declarations published to the people in the midst of the Parliaments greatest pretences and promises that they intended to take away his life and ruine him are now gone beyond suspition and every man may now know the meaning of their Canoneers levelling at the King with perspective glasses at Copredy bridge the acquitting of Pym the Inn-keeper who said He would wash his Hands in the Kings hearts-blood stifling of fifteen or sixteen severall indictments for treasonable words Rolf rewarded for his purpose to kil him and the prosecutors checked and some of them imprisoned for it For the Sun in the Firmament and the four great quarters of the Earth and the Shapes and Lineaments of man are not so universally known seen or spoken of as this will be most certain to the present as well as after ages The end hath now verified the beginning Quod primum fuit in intentione ultimo loco agitur Seaven years hypocritical Promises practices 7. years Pretences and seven years preaching and pratling have now brought us all to this conclusion as wel as Confusion The blood of old England is let out bygreater witch-craft and cousenage then that of Medea when she set Pelias daughters to let out his old blood that young might come in the place of it the Cedars of Lebanon are devouted and the Trees have made the Bramble King and are like to speed as wel with it as the Frogs did with the Storke that devoured them And they have not onely slain the King who was their Father but like Nero rip 't up the belly of the Common-Wealth which was their Mother The light of Israel is put out and the King Laws Religion and Liberties of the people murthered an action so horrid and a sin of so great a magnitude and complication as if we shall ask the daies that are past and enquire from the one end of the Earth to the other there will not be found any wickednesse like to this great wickedness or hath been heard like it The Severn Thames Trent and Humbar four of the greatest Rivers of the Kingdome with all their lesser running streams of the Island in their continuall courses and those huge heaps of waterin the Ocean girdle of it in their Restlesse agitations will never be able to scoure and wash away the guilt and stain of it though all the rain which the clouds shal ever bring forth and impart to this Nation and the tears of those that bewail the losse of a King of so eminent graces and perfections bee added to it Quis cladem illius diei quis funera fando Explicet aut possit lachrymis aequare dolores Gens antiqua ruit multos dominata per Annos AN EXACT LIST OF The Names of those pretended Judges who sate and sentenced our late SOVERAIGNE KING CHARLES the First in the place which they called the High Court of Justice Jan. 27. 1648. And also of those thirty five Witnesses Sworn against the said KING The Sentence read against him With the Catalogue of the Names of those that Subscribed and Sealed the Warrant for his Execution And the manner of his Cruel MVRDER London Printed by Henry Bell and are to be sold by most Book-sellors 1660. The Names of the pretended Judges who gave Sentence against the late King January 27. 1648. LXXII in Number IOhn Bradshaw Lord President Oliver Cromwell Henry Ireton Sir Hardress Waller Valentine Walton Thomas Harrison Edward Whaley Thomas Pride Isaac Ewer Lord Grey of Grooby William Lord Mounson Sir John Danvers Sir Thomas Maleverer Sir John Bourcher Isaac Pennington Henry Martin William Purifoye John Barkstead Mâ—â—thew Tomlinson John Blakeston Gilbert Millington Thomas Chaloner Sir William Constable Edmund Ludlow John Hutchison Sir Michael Livesey Robert Tichburne Owen Roe Robert Lilburne Adrian Scroop Richard Dean John Okey John Harrison John Hewson William Goffe Cornelius Holland John Carew John Jones Thomas Lister Peregrine Pelham Thomas Wogan Francis Alleu Daniel Blagrave John Moor. William Say Francis Lascels John Chaloner Gregory Clement Sir Gregory Norton John Venn Thomas Andrews Anthony Stapley Thomas Horton John Lisle John Browne John Dixwell Miles Corbett Simon Meyne John Alured Henry Smith Humphrey Edwards John Frye Edmund Harvey Thomas Scot. William Cawley John Downes Thomas Hammond Vincent Potter Augustine Garland Charles Fleetwood John Temple Thomas Wayte Counsellors assistant to this Court and to draw up the Charge against the KING were Dr. Dorislaus Serjeant Danby Serjeant at Arms. Mr. Aske   Mr. John Cook Solicitor Mr. Broughton Clerkes to the Court. Mr. Phelpes Colonel Humphrey Sword-bearer Messengers Door-keepers and Criers were these Mr. Walford Mr. Radley Mr. Paine Mr. Powell Mr. Hull Mr. King The Sentence against the said King Jan. 27 1648. which was read by Mr. Broughton aforesaid Clerk WHereas the Commons of England in Parliament have appointed them an High Court of Justice for the Trial of Charles Stuart King of England before whom he had been three times convented and at the first time a Charge of High Treason and other Crimes and Misdemeanors was read in the behalfe of the Kingdome of England c. as in the Charge which was read throughout To which Charge he the said Charles Stuart was required to give his Answer but he refused so to do and so expresâ— several passages at his Trial in refusing to answer For all which Treasons and Crimes this Court doth adjudge That the said Charles Stuart as a Tyrant Traytor Murderer and publick Enemy shall be put to death by severing his head from his body This Sentence says the President now read and published is the Act Sentence Judgement and Resolution of the whole Court. To which the Members of the Court stood up and assented to what he said by holding up their hands The King offered to speak but he was instantly commanded to be taken away and the court broke up The Names of thirty five Witnesses produced and Sworn in the said pretended Court to give Evidence against the King Henry Hartford of Stratford upon Avon in Com. Warwick Edward Roberts of Bishops Castle in Com. Salop Ironmonger Will. Baines of Wrixhall in Com. Salop. Robert Lacie of Nottingham Painter Robert Loads of Cottam in Com. Nottingham Tyler Samuel Morgan of Wellington in Com. Salop Feltmaker James Williams of Rosse in Com. Hartford Shoomaker Richard Pots of Sharpreton in Com. Northumberland Vintner Giles Grice of Wellington in Com. Salop Gent. William Arnop of John Hudson of John Winston of Dornotham in Com. Wilts George Seeley of London Cordwainer John Moor of Cork in Ireland Gent. Thomas Ives of Boyset in Com. Northampton Husbandman James Cresby of Dublin in Ireland Barber Thomas Rawlins of Hanslop in Com. Buck. Gent. Richard Bloomfeild of London Weaver John Thomas of Langallan in Com. Donbigh William Lawson of Nottingham Maulster John Pinegar of
Montrosse himself made a Shift to escape for the present his horse together with his Belt and his Coat with the star being found made it conjectur'd that he had been slain in the field In this fight the Royall Standard was taken upon which was portraited the Head of the late King lying a bleeding with thir Motto Judge and revenge my Cause O Lord The Lord Pitsferd son being Standard-bearer was slain so welcome was the news of this Victory to the State and Kirk of Scotland that they bestowed a reward upon Stranghan 1000l Sterling and a chain of gold upon Lievetenant Colonel Hacket 1000. Marke Starling But that which Crowned this Victory to them with the highest joy and satisfaction was the getting Montrosses person into their hands For he having wandred so long in the woods to avoid being detected till driven to that necessity he was forced to eat his gloves and gnaw a piece of his flesh for very extremity of hunger was at last discovered by a Country fellow by a party sent to apprehend him was dragged out of a Caveor hollow Tree he was no soonertaken but was Imediately sent up to Edin whose Streets were filled with infinite crowdes of people to see him while he was brought into the City in a Cart in which was placed a Chair for him to sit in whereunto hee was bound with Ropes and sate bare headed his Hat having been taken off his Head by the executioner who rode before him with his Bonnet on some pittied but the most insulted over him Being summon'd to appear before the Parliament he came into the house apparrelled with a rich suit thick overlaid with costly lace and over it a Scarlet Rocket a Beaver hat with a hatband and other suitable abiliments all which he caused to be made him immediately upon his coming to Edenburgh as soon as he was brought to the Bar the Lord Chancellor who according to the custome of that Kingdom is alwayes Speaker told him that he must kneel at the Bar whereunto he answered my Lords I shall withall my heart observe any posture you shall appoint me to appear before you in whereby I may manifest to you that I freely submit to the Authority of Parliament and to this present Parliament in a more speciall manner becaus you have concluded so near a conjunction with his Majesty my Master in the late Treaty Then the Chancellor made a speech unto him the substance was this Sir I am commanded to mind you of the last Judgement of God befaln yon for your persideous breaking of the Covenant which might justly provoke God thus to divert your Counsell and affairs for having been so eminent an actor and Author of mischief against this Nation You abandoned the Covenant and despised the Oath of God and did invade your native Country and with most inhumane barbarous cruelty did wast and burn divers parts of it and have spilt much blood of his Majesties good subjects and for these crimes you are excommunicated by the Church and fore-faulted by the Parliament of this Kingdom and to this day you have remained without the least shew of repentance and now God by his providence hath justly brought you hither to receive the sentence of your condemnation Herevpon Montresse humbly desiring to know of his Lordship whether he might be permitted to speak what he had to say for himself he was told by the Chancellor the estates in Parliament did give him free liberty to speak what he could in his own defence His answer My Lord I am glad I have liberty to answer for my self though I am your Prisoner yet my cause is good nor is there any breach of your Covenant on my part in which I swore to be true to his Majesty his Heirs and successors Concerning what I have done in relation to the Wars and affairs of this Kingdom I have not onely a generall Commission but particular Orders from his Majesty which I was engaged to obey by my Covenant Concerning my coming over now I was ascertained that you did comply with his Majesty to the present affairs in which he hath imployed me and it was upon that account that I have acted I desire to submit unto this present Parliament and the Authority thereof to be my Judges in this case whom I own as a true Parliament by Authority from his Majesty and shall be content however it shall please God to deal with me as for my life if you take it a way by this authority it s wel known I regard it not Death is a debt which we all owe and must once be paid by every one I shall be willing and much rejoyce to go the same way my Master passed before me it 's the joy of my heart not onely to do but to suffer for him After the Prisoner had been had in and withdrawn the Parliament agreed unanimously upon sentence of condemnation who being again called in the Chancellor cōmanded to be read which was as followeth You are to be carried back to the place from whence you came from thence to morrow morning being 20 May 1650 you are to be carried to Edenburgh Cross there to be hanged upon a Gallows 30 foot high for three hours space then to be taken down and your head to be cut off upon ascaffold and hanged on Edenburgh Talbooth your leggs and arms to be hanged up in other publick Towns of this Kingdom and your body to be buried at the place where you are executed Which Sentence he heard with an unmoved countenance and desiring to bee further heard was presently stopped by the Chancellor who commanded hee should presently be removed back again to Prison The appointed day for the executing of his Tragedy being come he was led forth to the execution where he suffered accordingly Thus dyed the glorious assertor of his Majesties right Next to Montross was executed Sir John Vrry Colonel Spotswood and others that were chief actors c. The English now send to strengthen their alliance with the united Provinces Doctor Dorrislaw went as publick Agent thereby to keep a good correspondence betwixt the two republicks where hee had not long been ere hee was slain by six Assistants that brake into his lodgings at the Hague in a disguised habit and so escaped punishment His Royall Majesty having long expected the Scots message at St. Germans resolved upon a removall to the Isle of Jersey a little before his departure out of France the most valiant Duke of York came to him as also to the French King and Cardinall Mazarine of whom hee desired aid in the behalfe of his brother but the Cardinall put him off with a few specious pretences only the Duke was presented with 100000 Crowns About the beginning of September his Majesty accompanied with his brother the Duke of York and divers other Lords and Gentlemen to the number of about 300 persons landed in the Island of Jersey upon his first Arrivall he was proclaimed
King The Lord Jermyn made Governour of the Island under whom Sir George Carteret was constituted Deputy Governour Guernsey being possessed by the Parliaments forces a Declaration was sent thither inviting the Governour and people to submit to his Majesties obedience But this invitation did little avail By this time the severall Transactions that were between his Majesty his Kingdom of Scotland had brought forth a Treaty at Breda in the Netherlands a Town of speciall note belonging to the Prince of Orange And Master Windram Lord of Libeton is sent Commissioner from the States of Scotland to Treat with his Majesty who being safely arrived presents his Royall Majesty with the desires and offers of the States of Scotland which were to this effect 1. That hee would sign the solemn League and Covenant 2. That he would pass divers Acts of the Parliament of Scotland 3. That he would put away all Papists from about him and let none but known Protestants be of his Counsell That he would give a speedy answer to their desires Besides this his Majesty hath great hopes of raising a sufficient force in England among the friends to his Royall Interest Upon this design severall are sent from Jersey into the West of England amongst whom two Principal men Sir John Berkley and Col. Slingsby who went up and down to their confederates earnestly stirring them up to take up Arms for his Majesty but these were discovered by a Country fellow and are taken by Cap. Rochwich and are sent Prisoners to Truro in Cornwall After many consultations and gracious condiscentions of his Majesty The Treaty is at last concluded and now the Kingdom of Scotland make great preparations for his reception to this end two rich houses in Edinburgh are richly furnished and the Parliament take into consideration the nominating of Officers for his house About the beginning of June 1650. his Majesty hasts from Breda to the Hague Thence to Scheveling where he took Shiping and at last in despight of fowâ— weather and the English King Fishers that lay there to intercept him he landed at Spey in the North of Scotland In the mean time the Parliament of Scotland bend their consultations for the raising of an Army for the use of his Majesty the Earl of Leven is made Generall of the Foot and Holborun Major General David Lasley Lievtenant Generall of the Horse Mountgomery Major Generall The Supream command of the whole Army is reserved for the Kings most excellent Majesty himself whom at his Arrivall they entertained with high complements and much acclamation and seemed to congratulate his coming with much demonstrations of joy and affection And on the 15. July following solemnly proclaim him King at Edinburgh Crosse About this time the English send a complaint to the King of Spain about the death of one Ascam who wassent thither as Agent from our new Common-wealth who the first night he came to Madrid sitting at dinner with his Interpreter Segnior Riba six black Devills in the shape of men knockt at the door had easy access and being entred Master Ascham rose up to salute them whereupon the formost stabbed him in the head his interpreter endeavouring to escape was also stabbed in the belly The Republick of England receiving good intelligence that his Majesty and the Kingdom of Scotland were agreed After a serious and solemn debate Voted that Thomas Lord Fairfax with an Army under his command should march Northwards But that noble and truly valiant Commander could not be entreated to fight against his sacred Majesty and our Brethren of Scotland and hereupon laid down his Commission Which was forthwith conferred upon the Archest of Traitors Oliver Cromwell who presently after arrived out of Ireland leaving Ireton his son in Law as Lord Deputy in his room Accordingly Orders were issued forth for the speedy advance of the Army in Scotland who had no sooner taken their march but the Scots take the Alarm and send two or three papers to Sir Arthur Hasilrig then Governour of Newcastle to expostulate the case about the sudden approach of the English Army alledging the Covenant or large Treaty of Union betwixt the two Kingdoms and other circumstances of the like nature but all proved fruitless The Parliament then publish a declaration shewing the reason of their Armies advance towards Scotland The English Army is now at last at Dunbar where the Scots have the English at a great disadvantage nevertheless the Generall and his Officers finding the Army unfit for further delays resolved the next morning to fall upon the Scots who being imbattlled by break of day the word of the English was the Lord of Hostes and that of the Scotts was the Covenant after an hours dispute the Scots were wholly routed there was slain 3000 the Lord Libberton Colonell Lumsden mortally wounded 1000. taken together with Sir James Lumsden Lievtenant Generall of the Foot And about 260 other Officers 200 Colours 15000 Armes and 30. pieces of Ordnance At London was apprehended condemned and executed Colonell Eusebius Andrews who being taken with a Commission from his Majesty was beheaded at Tower Hill September 8. That most excellent Princesse Elizabeth daughter to our late Soveraign dyed at Carisbrook Castle in the Isle of Wight Upon these sad disasters his Majesty went secretly away to the North of Scotland upon which the Committee of Estates are much troubled chiefly for that they feared hee would join with Middleton they send Major Generall Mountgomery with a party of Horse to endeavour by earnest supplications to bring him back to Saint Johnstons which at the first he utterly refuseth but at last condescended to retire with Montgomery about the later end of October the Prince of Orange departed this life whose death was much lamented by his most gracious Majesty having received from him many high Testimonies of friendship and good will about ten days after the Princesse of Orange was delivered of a Son which did in part mitigate her griefe for the Princes death After three months siege the Castle of Edinburgh was surrendred up to Cromwell December 24. 1650. with all the Ordnances Armes Magazine and furniture of War thereunto belonging Notwithstanding the hard fortune his Majesties forces hitherto had undergone severall designes were set on foot At this time there was one Benson executed at Tiburn for acting by virtue of a Commission from his Majesty upon the same account there rose a great number in the County of Norfolk but were soon dispersed and taken About this time Sir Henry Hide being Commissionated by his Majesty Ambassador to the grand senior at Constantinople stood in competition with Sir Thomas Bendish whereupon they had a hearing before the Vizier Bassa The result whereof was that Sir Thomas Bendish should dispose of Sir Henry Hide as he thought good who was straight way sent to Smyrna thence into England and there condemned and executed as a Traytor before the Royall Exchange London The War
of Commons whereupon in a great rage perceiving his right as he supposed to be infringed notwithstanding all diswasions to the contrary he leaving his Council hasts to the Parliament-House swearing by the Living God he would dissolve them which accordingly was done about the latter end of the year dyed his Son in Law Mr. Robert Rich and not long after his Grand-father the Earl of Warwick And now about the 12 th of March a terrible plot is discovered the City of London was to be fired and the Tower and Mows fiered and all the Souldiers about the City sacrifized to the fury of the Royal interest and therefore he presently sends for the Lord Major Aldermen and common Council of the City of London to warne them of the approaching danger tells them how the Marquess of Ormond had lately been in London for 3. weeks together promoting the affairs of his Master that our most dread Soveraign lay ready with 8000. men quartered on the Sea Coasts of Flanders and 22. hyred Ships to transport them thereupon he recommended unto their care the setling of the Militia upon the many persons were apprehended an high Court of Justice erected Dr. Hewet Sir Henry Slingsby and Mr. Mordant were brought to tryal Sir Henry and the Doctor were both condemned to loose their heads on Tower-Hill and 6. others of meaner sort were adjudged to be hanged drawn and quartered great endeavours were used the Ministers of London Petition for the Doctors life and many great persons for the Knight but all avail nothing About the month of June 1658. arrived an ominous Whale in the River of Thames which was taken at Greenwich and found to be 58. foot in length and every way proportionable In Flanders successes came in with a full Garriâ—â— presently after the taking of Mardike Fort Dunkirk was straitly besieged by the joynt Forces of the English and French and after a sharp battle the Marquis of Leda Governour of Dunkirk being now more streitly then ever environed both by Land and Seas resolved upon a desperate sally in which he was mortally wounded and shortly after dyed the Governours death wrought so upon the besieged that on the 25 th day of June Dunkirk was surrendered into the hands of the French and afterwards consigned to the English August 6. Dyed Mrs. Elizabeth Claypoole a Daughter to Oliver Cromwel not long after her dyed the Earl of Mulgrave one of the privy Counsellors to his Highnes so called And now cometh death it self to act his part on this our noble Tyrant Cromwel himself must also dye who by force and fraud had from a mean beginning raised himself to the arbitrary Government of these 3. Kingdomes And that which is very remarkable on the same day on which he had gained two such signal victories against his Majesties forces viz. at Dunbar and Worcester viz. September 3. the night that ushered in the day of his death there arose such a horrible tempest the like hath hardly been seen in our age Trees both of a large and smaller size are torn out of the earth by the roots Having as he thought certainly secured the government of these three Kingdomes to himself being at the point of death he nominates for his successor his eldest son Richard who the next day after his Fathers death was in the presence of old Olivers privy Councill and the chief Officers of the Army Proclaimed Lord Protector of England Scotland and Ireland and had addresses unto him from most parts of the 3. Nations professing their zeal and affection to his government which how little they availed him time hath since sufficiently shewed us And now after the Advancement of Richard to the supream power and dignity of these Nations Principall care is taken for the enterment of his Fathers Corps with all the solemnity and state accustomed at Kings and Princes Funeralls and to this end search is made into old Records to see what was expended at the Funeral of King James of happy memory that the same nay much more cost might be bestowed on this his Corps being now enbalmed and wrapt in Lead was conveyed from Whitehal to Somerset-House there tolye in regal pompe and State a Spectacle for all Commers and now his Funeral pompe being ended great preparations there are for the sending out of naval supplyes to the King of Sweden But now want of moneys and other necessities of State enforce Richard and his Councel to summon a Parliament which accordingly meet Jan. 27. This Parliament consisted as the other in his Fathers time did of two Houses the Commons and the other House which now was called the Upper-house and now the great thing under debate was the Recognition of the Government and now the Protectorians and the Commonwealths-men for so the House was devided spend there time in large Speeches till on a sudden Behold A Remarkable and an unexpected change which was occasioned through some ambitious Spirits of some in the Army and particularly Major General Lambert who thought to make himself Lord Protector of the 3 Nations as his Master Cromwel had done before him joynes with his silly kindred Fleetwood Disborow and others and partly out of fear enforce Richard to dissolve the Parliament then sitting And so suffered himself to be devested of that power and authority which he was invested in returning to the condition of a private Person was now honest Dick again And now all men were in a maze wondring into what hands the chief power would next be devolved the generality of the people did now again according to their bounden duty not only desire but endeavour that his Sacred Majesty our most dread Soveraign might be introduced into his own Kingdoms full well knowing there could be no settlement without his Royal person But now the Members of the old Parliament and the Counsel of Officers of the Army meet and it was agreed that those Members of the old Parliament who sat in 1653. and were interrupted by their late aspiring General from sitting should be invited to their freedome and right of sitting and the exercise of their trust by a Declaration presented from the Army to the old Speaker William Lenthal and several of the Members at the Rolls in Chancery-lane This Juncto being thus Re-called from the grave of Ignominy and reproach for they were the very scorne of the people Being the Men that Murthered our Royal Soveraign and basely enslaved the people for so many years on the 7. of May they began to set again and first they appoint a Committee to attend Richard Cromwel to know his mind concerning his acquiescence in the present Government they receive from him a writing to this effect that he could freely acquiesce in the present Government that he held himself obliged as he expected from it so to demean himself peaceably under it Not long after they send for his Brother Henry who had ruled in Ireland under the title of Lord Lieutenant who