in Your Power and as little at Your Service Denzil Holles At St. Mere Eglide in Normandy this 14th of February 1648. S. V. ERRATA PAge 15. line 22. read Cromwel P. 39. l. 22. r. written P. 43. l. 27. r. publick P. 89. l. 7. dele Comma L. 4. r. Many in P. 96. l. 15. f. the r. their P. 100 l. 18. l. as to say P. 161. l. 8. dele not MEMOIRS OF DENZIL Lord HOLLIS 1. THE wisest of Men saw it to be a great Evil that Servants should ride on Horses and Princes walk as Servants on the Earth An Evil now both seen and felt in our unhappy Kingdom The meanest of Men the basest and vilest of the Nation the lowest of the People have got the Power into their Hands trampled upon the Crown baffled and misused the Parliament violated the Laws destroyed or supprest the Nobility and Gentry of the Kingdom oppress'd the Liberties of the People in general broke in sunder all Bands and Tyes of Religion Conscience Duty Loyalty Faith common Honesty and good Manners cast off all fear of God and Man and now lord it over the Persons and Estates of all sorts and ranks of Men from the King on his Throne to the Beggar in his Cottage making their Will their Law their Power their Rule their hairbrain'd giddy phanatical humour and the setting up of a Babel of Confusion the end of all their Actions But how this misery is befallen us the Kingdom brought so low and so unworthily unhappily inconsiderately deliver'd over into such base and ignoble hands the Parliament abused betrayed and now become in show and in name the Instrument of their Tyranny but in truth it self made nothing and if the presence of the right Speaker be so essential to the being and acting of a Parliament and so necessary that Sir Edward Cook says in his Institutes the House cannot sit without him then is there clearly at this present no Parliament but an Assembly of Men acted and moved by the Art and Malice of some few sitting among them by the means of an Army which those few those Vipers of the Parliament that have eaten out the Bowels of their Parent and destroyed her raised that is abused the Parliament making them raise it under colour of necessity for the preservation of the Parliament and Kingdom when in truth it was out of a design to make themselves Masters of both that neither of them might ever enjoy Peace and Liberty more to blast our Hopes nip all the fair Blossoms of Reformation dash in sunder all our preparations and endeavours for the establishing of a happy Peace and so a glorious promising Morning became a Day of darkness a Day of treading down and perplexity this I say will be worth the enquiry and perhaps be no difficult thing to discover and make so plain that he who runs may read 2. Yet I would not be conceived to attribute so much of Wisdom and Foresight to these Men as to believe they had laid this whole Design with the several Circumstances and Steps of proceeding from the beginning which not the Devil himself was so politick and foreknowing as to have done But I am perswaded that they had it in their general Aim and laid it as a foundation for all their Superstructures to do as much mischief as they could make the Disorder as great the Change as universal as was possible and still to improve all opportunities and occasions ex re natâ putting on for more as they prevailed in any thing till at last even beyond what either they could hope or we could fear their Design was brought to this perfection as will appear by the sequel of this Discourse 3. When in the beginning of this Parliament in the Year 1642. after some progress in a Parliamentary way to the relieving of many of our Grievances and reforming many Abuses both in Church and State for which we were not sufficiently thankful it pleased God in his just Judgment for the punishment of our Sins to send a Spirit of Division between the King and the Parliament and things grew to that height as both of them appealed to the Sword to plead their Cause and decide their Quarrel the Members of Parliament who then engaged declared themselves to desire nothing but the settlement of the Kingdom in the honour and greatness of the King and in the happiness and safety of the People And whensoever that could be obtained to lay down the Sword and submit again to the King's Scepter of Peace more willingly than ever they resisted his Force and Power This I am sure was the ultimate end of many I may say of the chiefest of those who at that time appeared upon which principle they first moved and from which they never departed which made them at that time resolve to put their Lives into their hands and offer them a Sacrifice to the welfare and happiness of their Prince and Country I say Prince as well as Country tho he perhaps look'd on them as his greatest Enemies but they consider'd him as their Prince whom Nature Duty the Command of God and the Laws of Men obliged them to reverence and to love as the Head and Father of the People whose greatness consisted in his People's and his People 's in his and therefore neither could be great nor happy one without the other which made those faithful ones put them both in the same Ballance and rather adventure his displeasure by promoting the publick Cause than as they thought his ruin by deserting it 4. Whilst these Men acted in the simplicity of their Hearts there was another Generation of Men which like the frozen Snake that lay in their Bosoms seemed to desire but the same things with them and that the same should have contented them when it was nothing so but they had further Designs to destroy and cut off not a few to make the Land an Aceldama ruin the King and as many of the Nobility and Gentry as they could alter the Government have no order in the Church nor power in the State over them This was the Venom they harbour'd which at first they were not warm enough to put forth But it soon appeared by some evident Symtoms which discovered it to discerning Eyes though many were very long abused For as the Devil can transform himself into an Angel of Light so they pretended Zeal in Religion and to be publick Spirits as if none were so holy and self-denying as they and so insinuated themselves into the good Opinion of Men and being bold and forward got into all Imployments engrossed the whole managing of the War that is the directive part of it not the fighting whilst others who meant plainly and honestly went into their several Countries desirous to see the business soon at an end and either by shewing the Sword to have kept it in on both sides or else if God had otherwise determin'd that some Blood must be drawn
go into the West which they conceived would be an easie Task at that time to reduce the King's Party brought low and so not able to send any Forces into those parts for their relief and encouragement 24. This they knew would absolutely break my Lord of Essex who must harass his Army to follow a light and moving Body and if the King which was probable enough should chance to give him the slip and get from him into the West then was he ruin'd in his Reputation and liable to a Question and perhaps a further Prosecution It proved that his Majesty did get by them and passed by Sir William Waller's Quarters on the other side who as soon as he knew it marched after him and gave notice to my Lord of Essex thereof so as before he knew any thing Sir William Waller was got a days march before after the King Then was it impossible for him to overtake them and being so much nearer the West Sir William Waller engaged in the other Service he upon the Advice of his Council of War resolved to bend that way yet not to make such speed but that he should receive other Orders from our Governors above that he might comply with them Accordingly he gave that Account to the Parliament and Committee of the two Kingdoms with his desire of their Directions They were so mad to see themselves defeated of their Plot that they would not for many days return him any answer at all his disobedience was blown up and trumpeted about by them and their Agents Some of whom did not stick to say It were better my Lord of Essex and his whole Army were lost and ruined than the Parliament not obeyed and that by their consents he nor his Army should be look'd after or cared for more A Maxim they have forgotten now in the case of Sir Thomas Fairfax and his Army's not Disobedience but open Rebellion but they were as good as their words then and did most maliciously wilfully and treacherously as to the Parliaments Cause which they seemed to be zealous in suffer General and Army to be lost and the whole West left further out of the Parliaments reach than before 25. Sir Arthur Haslerig posted up to London breathing out nothing but ruin and destruction to the Earl of Essex spoke it out in the hearing of several persons That he would ruin him or be ruined himself His malice and violence was so great at the Committee of the two Kingdoms where he and his Party were prevalent that a report was thence brought down to the House of Commons by which Sir William Waller was taken off from following the King and by that means the King was left at liberty to bend his whole force for the West after my Lord of Essex which he presently did At last they left my Lord of Essex at liberty to proceed in that Western Expedition but with a resolution to let him perish He takes in Weymouth and some other Towns goes on as far as Cornwal whither the King's Forces follow him at the heels cut off all provision from him press upon him exceedingly and put him to very great streights He engaged in a Country inclosed with deep Ditches and strong Fences that he could neither break through nor march away but sends Letter upon Letter Messenger upon Messenger to the Parliament representing his Condition and how easie it was with a small force sent upon the back of the King's Army if but only a good Party of Horse to stop their Provisions and turn the Tables streighten them and free him than which certainly nothing had been more easie and would have saved the Kingdom a Mass of Treasure and thousands of good Mens lives which the continuance of the War after that time did cost 26. But our Masters did not desire then to see the War at an end they had not the Sword in those hands they would have it for to break the King's forces well knowing they must then have had a Peace and such a Peace as had carried with it an establishment of the King's Government a keeping up the Nobility and Gentry all things must have returned into their proper Channel and the security of the Parliament and Kingdom being provided for the Law of the Land must have taken place their Arbitrary Empire been at an end and their Design wholly defeated 27. Therefore my Lord of Essex must not be relieved but sacrificed to their Ambition the King's Army must be yet preserved to give them a colour to new model theirs and put the Power into the base hands of their Creatures which should keep the Kingdom in a perpetual Bondage and tho they ended the War with the King yet never made Peace but continued to grind the Faces and break the Backs of the People with Taxes and Free-Quarter to maintain an Army when no Enemy was left in a word they govern by the Sword the height of all Misery and Slavery that any Land can undergo 28. My Lord of Essex and his Army were by this means broken in Cornwal in the latter end of that Summer and the King seemed to gain a great Advantage recover a great deal of Strength but to nip that they soon provided Force sufficient it suiting with their Ends that his Majesty should seem strong but not be so Therefore the Soldiers of that Army which had lost their Arms in Cornwal are presently armed again and two other Armies joined to them the Earl of Manchester's and Sir W. W aller's who gave the King's Forces a ruffle at Dennington gaining some of the Works Yet when the King came with the remainder of his Strength they did not think it convenient to put it to the trial of a Day but suffered him to march away when it had been a most easie thing to have prevented it And even there in all likelyhood have made an end of the business which was that they feared and Sir Arthur Haslerig could come up to London and into the House of Commons all in beaten Buff cross girt with Sword and Pistols as if he had been killing his thousands when 't is more probable if there was any danger that he had been crying under a Hedg as he did at Cherrington Fight bellowing out Ah wo is me all is lost we are all undone insomuch that a great Officer a Scotch-man finding him in that tune wished him to go off the Field and not stand gudding there a Scotch term for crying to dishearten the Soldiers but in the House of Commons he feared nothing none so fierce and valiant without fear or wit and there like a great Soldier in that habit gave a Relation of what had pass'd highly extolling the gallantry and conduct of all the Commanders the valour of the Soldiers that no mortal Men could do more that the best Soldiers in the world could not have hinder'd the King's marching off and that it had been no wisdom to have adventur'd to fight
rest of the Soldiers of the Kingdom who have concurr'd with them in their late proceedings and in the next place of the publick debts and damages of the Kingdom which they have taken a course that the Parliament shall never satisfie having caus'd such a debt to the Soldiers and so insupportable a charge for the maintenance of the Army which is to be satisfy'd in the first place before other debts to the rest of the Kingdom that the Subject is not able to bear it but is utterly ruin'd 175. To some of these Heads they say they will offer some speedy particulars in the nature of Rules of good use to the publick Rules indeed from which and from the Rulers good Lord deliver us But here you see they compile a work like the second part of Solomon's treating from the Cedar in Lebanon to the Hysop on the Wall of all degrees and conditions from the King that should be on the Throne to the Beggar in Prison And since they have brought both ends together so now we have a free Parliament and a free Kingdom 176. Every day produces some effects of their tyranny and power like another Africk some Monster tho they were not without their difficulties to wrestle with and overcome For to bring so absolute a Bondage upon a people that was free before could not be without many heats and colds They had the King to deal with whom they must in some measure satisfie and perswade that they had good intentions for him to restore and maintain him in a power and dignity sutable to his Royal Person and Office from which the truth and bottom of their design did differ toto coelo they had the King's Party whom they must entertain in hopes and expectation and then cozen they had the Parliament which must be kept under brought to obedience and a total subservience to their will and command They had the generality of the people who were for Government and Monarchy founded upon Peace as they had reason desirous to be eas'd of their Burdens and Taxes with hopes whereof the Army had fed them but it stood not with their Interest to procure it them They had lastly their own faction which troubled them most of all being violent impatient not to be gain'd to go the pace of their Grandees and wait the revolutions of time which they desir'd might have taken place for the same things to be effected which even those headstrong furious people coveted but with more ease advantage and greatness to themselves 177. For they apprehended it very dangerous to fall presently upon his Majesty and break with him seeing the inclinations of the people towards him and he at liberty for all persons to have access unto him whom he might confer with inform and dispose according to occasion perhaps take some resolutions which they apprehended might turn to their prejudice Besides they knew not how the Scotish Nation might then declare and engage which with the help of those whom they had already discontented by their injustice and oppression in the execution of their particular malice and revenge and those whom they should discontent by frustrating their expectation having born them in hand with hopes of Peace and freedom from Taxes must needs have given a great interruption to their proceedings and even shake the foundation of their whole design therefore they must work in another way make his Majesty believe they will do great things for him so to receive rather an advantage than hinderance from his influence upon the affections of the Kingdom To this end were all those applications to him by Cromwel Ireton and the rest of their Creatures and Instruments in framing of the proposals appearing for his interest in the House seeming to desire his restitution being now turn'd absolute Courtiers They knew it would at last come all to one with that which they have since done to him For coming to a settlement with his concurrence they had the power he but vanam imaginem and what of lustre and quietness had been contributed by his Majesty's conjunction would but have serv'd to have confirm'd and heighten'd their authority all had been but Stilts to raise them above the rest of the Kingdom and himself likewise so as it had been in their power as well as we are sure it had been in their will to destroy him afterwards he should have only been a little longer repriev'd as Vlysses was by Polyphemus to be devour'd at last 178. But the Party would not give way to this hatred to the King envy and jealousies against their aspiring Leaders and a violent desire of having the work done at once lay all persons and things level on the sudden bring forth their monstrous conceptions all at one birth made them break out flye in their faces discover many of their villanies and as appears by that business of Lilburn and Wildman even resolve to take Cromwel out of the way and murder him for an Apostate 179. When Cromwel Ireton and the rest saw this and that this madness of the inferiour sort of their Disciples which had formerly rais'd them supported them and lately given them the advantage of their Enemies victory over the Parliament and a superiority over all the Kingdom would now be their ruin if either they clos'd throughly with the King for then their Party would forsake them turn against them and they knew they had so well merited of King and Kingdom as not to expect to be preserv'd in greatness either for honesty or abilities or if the King continu'd at liberty at Hampton-Court or any other place where freedom of resort might be to him and opportunities taken and improv'd to meet with and prevent all their attempts that then it would be impossible to carry on their business in an open and declar'd way of violence against him They saw a necessity of removing him and making sure his person that done they thought they might be bold to do and say what they would and own a second time the actings and resolutions of the Agitators 180. The difficulty was how to bring this about to cozen the King so as to make him act it himself and flie into the Cage carry him by force they durst not it would be unhandsom it might be dangerous They use this stratagem heighten and sharpen underhand the mad humour of their Party against him to have it break out all manner of ways in threatning Speeches Pamphlets some consultations that whilst his Majesty liv'd in England he could not be safe meetings to consider and come to some resolutions of taking him out of the way the Army is again disquiet the Officers not obey'd all things tending to mutiny and some violent eruption Then dos Mr. Cromwel and his Cabinet Council seem to be extreamly solicitous of the safety of his Majesty's person cause some discoveries to be given him of his danger express great indignation and trouble in the House in the
be left behind to see all accounts adjusted which had requir'd very good Rhetorick to have made it Justice especially to have appear'd so to the Scotish Soldiers for to have sent them away without Money and then ask the Country-man what the Soldiers had taken when he might say what he thought â— good the Soldier not there to answer for himself and yet his Pay to be thereby determin'd would have been but hard measure But the Rhetorick had been Sir Thomas Fairfax to have gone down with his Army which should have made it just and easie and every thing for this was it they desir'd to bring it to as it was often mov'd and press'd by them 64. At last the well-wishers to Peace with much ado prevail'd in the House and it was carry'd to offer the Scots a gross Sum for all so to part fair and avoid the delay and disputes of an account to which they presently agreed Then the question was what Sum. Here again we had a strong debate For our Incendiaries hung by every twig sticking fast to their Principles to dissatisfie the Scots and break with them if possible upon any point pretending the poverty of the Kingdom and the great Sums the Scots had rais'd and therefore they would give but 100000 l. which they knew was all one with a hundred Shillings as to the satisfying of the Soldiers for marching away In the end after many debates in the House and passages to and again with the Scotch Commissioners the lowest Sum that could be agreed unto by the Commissioners was 400000 l. two in hand and the other two after some time with a protestation of theirs that the Army would not be satisfy'd with less nor inabled to march which was motive enough for these Men to deny it for if they could have wrought the dissatisfaction of the Army so as to have refus'd to go it was where they would have it Whereupon 't was oppos'd by them with all the power they had but in the end the better part that is the moderate Party who were the Peace-makers those that labour'd to keep things even and fair between the two Kingdoms carry'd it And the sum was voted and all things agreed upon tho with difficulty for they fought it out and lost it by Inches then the Scots declar'd they would march out by such a day 65. Yet had our Boutefeus one hope left which was to quarrel at last about the person of the King believing the Scots would certainly have taken his Majesty with them into Scotland This they knew had been ground sufficient and would have engag'd all England against them giving a confirmation to all the jealousies formerly rais'd and occasion'd a thousand more And had certainly more advantag'd the designs of those who thirsted after the destruction of the King first the Scots next and then all such as desir'd Peace within this Kingdom and have made them a smoother way to their damnable Ends the altering of the Government and bringing in a confusion both in Church and State than any thing that could have happen'd And the two Kingdoms had been together in blood the author of the mischief undiscover'd mask'd over with the glorious pretences of zealously vindicating the honesty and interest of England and every breach of Covenant and Treaty in this Cause which made them with so much peremptoriness and incivility and in truth injustice demand that the Scots would deliver up his Majesty who had an equal interest in his Royal Person with the Kindom of England he being equally King of both and an equal interest in the closing and binding up the unhappy differences which were between him and both his Kingdoms they having been engag'd in that Quarrel at the entreaty of England and made up together with an intire Body with England as is before shewed for the prosecution of it Therefore they had no more reason to trust us with the King than we had them and as much were they concern'd in all that related to his Majesty's Person so as they had ground enough to have disputed it and out of that hope was it press'd by the others But the wisdom of the Scotish Nation foresaw the inconveniencies which must have necessarily follow'd had they been positive at that time how they had plaid their Enemies game to their own ruin and even ruin to his Majesty Therefore they made for him the best conditions they could that is for the safety and honour of his Person and to avoid greater mischiefs were necessitated to leave him in England and so march away Which they did in February 1646. 66. Here then the very mouth of Iniquity was stopt Malice it self had nothing to say to give the least blemish to the faithfulness and reality of the Kingdom of Scotland the clearness of their Proceedings their zeal for Peace without self-seeking and self-ends to make advantage of the miseries and misfortunes of England This gave such a reputation to them and to those that appear'd for them that is so far for them as to endeavour the doing of them right and prevent the practices of those who sought all means of doing them wrong and gave such a blow to the other violent Party so broke their power and lessen'd their authority in the Parliament as it made way for obtaining those resolutions which were presently taken for disbanding Sir Thomas Fairfax's Army Till when by the fomenting jealousies against the Scots and against all moderate and well affected persons as if their designs were to betray the Cause deliver over the Honour and Interest and Strength of England into the hands of the Scots they prevail'd so far generally upon the affection of the people and especially upon many well-meaning but not so well discerning persons Members of Parliament as they were able to suppress all good motions tending towards Peace all endeavours of smoothing those rugged ways that their violence had put all things in and to swell up that Independent Army like the Spleen in the Body by the concourse of all ill humours to the ruin and consumption of the Body it self And yet other Forces cashier'd as Major General Massey's Brigade which had done all the Service in the West of which those Drones robb'd the sweet getting the honour and advantage of it to themselves That tho that Army was compos'd for the most part of factious Sectaries except some few gallant Men that were scatter'd here and there amongst them as Colonel Greves Colonel Thomas Sheffield Sir Robert Pye Colonel Herbert Colonel Butler Quarter-Master General Fincher and other Officers of Quality and Gentlemen of the Life-Guard who had formerly serv'd under my Lâ—â—d of Essex and Sir William Waller and in other parts of the Kingdom to whom they did the honour of letting them perform all the Action which that Army had to do and who every one of them afterward left it when it left its obedience to the Parliament and fidelity to the Kingdom and
Sense of the People joyn'd with them and that they petition'd for these things when their own fellow Witches have since discover'd how Cromwel himself drew those Petitions sent them about into the Countries had his Agents to promote them with mellifluous enamouring promises as the expression is so got some Independents to subscribe them and perhaps some few more that they had cozen'd which serv'd the turn and made their wise General engage himself with them saying That what he wanted in expression of his devotion to their Service should be supply'd in action as Mr. Iohn Lawmind informs in his Putney Projects 111. The Parliament is now brought to a fine pass made a notable free Parliament but we must believe it to be so because Cromwel's Army says it and speed as well as our first Parents believing the Serpent that told them eating the Apple would make them as Gods wise and happy The Army on the other side triumphs drives on like Iehu bears down all before it carries about the King as a Prisoner to shew him and make that use of him which the Philistines would have done with the Ark prevail against all opposition and truly that and their power together did make them prevail 112. Their next work is charging eleven Persons Members of the House of Commons particularly by name but with general things for particulars they were not provided with as their friend Iohn Lawmind says who uses these words the particular matter of their Charge was to seek after they had in general charg'd them And another of their Disciples Sirrah Nico says That Cromwel confess'd at Colebrook he had nothing against Sir Iohn Maynard yet he must be put in amongst the rest only because he was a busie Man against him and his faction so you see these Thieves falling out some truth comes to light 113. With this general Charge there comes another Paper from his Excellency and the Army under his Command requiring the Members impeach'd may be forthwith suspended sitting in the House and a months Pay to be immediately sent down to the Army for a present supply and of these things to know the resolution by the next Thursday at the furthest which was within two days They require further That the Officers who had deserted the Army as they call'd it but in truth who had left them for their Rebellion and engag'd for Ireland should have no more of their Arrears paid them till the Army was first satisfy'd And to be sure the Parliament should have none to defend them They command them to raise no new Forces within the Kingdom nor invite nor admit any from other parts the reason or at least the colour for this was because the Committee of Safety at such a time as in obedience to the Order of Parliament they had endeavour'd to have put the City in a condition to defend the Parliament and it self had consider'd of raising some Force but never any thing was put in execution nor one Man listed And tho the Parliament and City did assure them there was no proceeding in it which they might then very likely believe and in good manners have acquiesc'd yet such was either their fear by reason of guilt or their scorn of the Parliament and petulancy to shew how they slighted what they said or declar'd as they would not believe them but threap them down that there was listing still and quarrel with them about it to such a height were they then grown and others to that tameness 114. This pass'd about the 15 th of Iune The Houâ—e took these things into consideration obey'd in all but that concerning the Members wherein they came to a resolution That upon such a general Charge they could not in Justice proceed against them nor suspend them therefore desire to know what they could charge them with in particular They further consider'd how unhandsome it was the King should be so hurry'd up and down with the Army and that if he were at some of his own Houses near London application might be made to him jointly by them and the Scotish Commissioners in order to Peace whereupon tho it was mightily oppos'd by the Independent Party yet they voted his Majesty should be desir'd to come to his Mannor House at Richmond 115. Here the Scholars had broken out a little into rebellion against their Schoolmasters the Army and soon they were lash'd for it For on the 23 d of June comes a ratling Lesson a Remonstrance from his Excellency full of sharp and scoffing Expressions and ends with a lusty Menace tells them The voting of the King to Richmond is but in pursuance of the former design upon him at Holmby and to put his Majesty within the reach of those Men who had already listed considerable numbers of Horse and Foot about London therefore wishes them as they tender the welfare of the Kingdom and the avoiding of jealousies and other inconveniencies in the Army to resume again the consideration of that business and not propose any place for him nearer London than they would have the head Quarters of the Army then to ingratiate themselves with the King and his Party and make him willing to stay with them till their design was ripe to dispose of him otherwise as it was afterwards they take notice of some scandalous information by the procurement forsooth of eleven Members and others of their Party as if his Majesty were kept a Prisoner among them which they say is most false and contrary to their Principles as has appear'd since by what Sir Thomas Fairfax commanded to be done to the King in the Isle of Wight upon his Majesty's answer to the four Bills without order of Parliament like a great Prince Ex mero motu certa scientia tho it was afterwards approv'd of and justify'd Ex parte post but as yet they are harmless Saints and good Subjects all for the King Therefore they take occasion to declare there That they desire a just freedom for his Majesty and those of his Party and profess they do not see how there can be a firm Peace without a due consideration of and provision for the Rights of himself his Royal Family and late Partakers O ye Hypocrites then with Honey for him in their Mouths and War in their Hearts 116. For the expunging of the Declaration they say they acknowledg the Justice of the House in it but should rather have been satisfy'd with the Parliaments declaring how and by whom they had been misinform'd and surpriz'd and that it is an apparent dishonour to them to pass such a Declaration and soon after without alteration in the pretended ground and cause of it for shame of the world to expunge it I confess they say true in this but the old Proverb is true Jests are bitter Jests 117. Then for the Members they insist to have them forthwith suspended upon the general Charge saying they would willingly proceed to particulars if they might
at night when the Common Council hearing of these disorders sent down the Sheriffs of London and some of the Aldermen to appease them which they did This was upon Monday the 26 th of Iuly The Houses adjourn'd themselves the House of Peers to Friday the Commons house to the next day The City had against the next day which was Tuesday taken order to prevent such further inconveniences by unruly people assembling about Westminster which before they could not well do in regard their Militia was unsettled by the alteration that the new Ordinance upon the Armies command had made and I heard sent down a Message to the House of Commons to assure them of it but Mr. Speaker was so hasty to adjourn till the Friday perhaps because the rather he would not receive that Message which had half spoil'd the Plot that he would scarce stay till it was a House and some of the sactious crying to adjourn he did so tho many cry'd out against it who could not be heard 144. By the Friday the two Speakers the Earl of Manchester of the Peers and Mr. Lenthal of the Commons instead of giving their attendance according to their duty upon the Houses with eight Lords and fifty eight Commoners were run down to the Army there enter into an engagement bearing date the 4 th of August to live and die with it upon pretence of a force and violence to the Parliament but in truth by a Conspiracy with the Army design'd and laid principally by Mr. Saint Iohn the Sollicitor as appears by a Letter sent from Rushworth Sir Thomas Fairfax's Secretary to the Speaker with no name in it but the latter part of it written with his own hand advising him not to appear at the House on Friday morning but to take counsel of Mr. Sollicitor who would tell him what was fit to be done assuring him the Army would all lie in the dirt or protect them who were their friends This as I remember was the effect of the Letter yet remaining in one of the Houses which no doubt came from Sir Thomas Fairfax and Mr. Cromwel and the rest of those Governors undertaking so for the Army and shews who was the man that must give the Orders and direct what was to be done by the House and then may well be suppos'd to be the Author of all The ground of this Engagement is made to be a Declaration of the Armies shewing the reasons of their advance towards London as full of falshood as it is of malice against the eleven poor Members and in truth intended only against them who are by it said to be the cause of all that had been done in the City that therefore they were resolv'd to march up to London expecting the well affected people of the City would either put us in safe custody or deliver us up to them stuffing up the whole Declaration with falshoods and lies as well in the narrative part as in the comment upon it they pretend That to carry on our former evil designs and preserve our selves from the hand of Justice we had endeavour'd to cast the Kingdom into a new War and to that end had procur'd an under hand listing of Reformadoes and continu'd a wicked and treasonable Combination which we caus'd several persons to enter into That this could not be done in the time of the old Commissioners for the Militia and therefore the new were made who many of them were very intimate with us which was a just cause for the Army to have them chang'd again That thereupon the tumult was abetted and fomented by us to violate the Parliament and force it into our hands which makes them require that we may be in that manner deliver'd up and declar'd all that was done in the Houses that day or afterwards till those fugitive Members should return again null and void so here the Army takes upon it to declare what Votes shall stand good what not and this is for the honour and freedom of the Parliament that which those worthy Patriots would live and die upon And besides they say they were labouring after the settlement of the Kingdom and had even brought it to perfection the particular proposals ready to be sent to the Parliament for a final conclusion of all our troubles which conclusion of our troubles in truth nothing in the sight of Man could have hinder'd but this cursed practice of violence upon the Parliament which very thing in them was as cursed a High Treason as could be committed a mercenary Army rais'd by the Parliament all of them from the General except what he may have in expectation after his Father's death to the meanest Centinal not able to make a thousand Pounds a year Lands most of the Colonels and Officers mean Tradesmen Brewers Taylors Goldsmiths Shoemakers and the like a notable Dunghil if one would rake into it to find out their several Pedigrees these to rebel against their Masters put conditions upon them upon the King and whole Kingdom make their Will a Rule that all the Interests of King Parliament and Kingdom must be squared by which they are not asham'd to declare here to the world 145. And this pious Declaration do these worthy Lords and Commons receive with much approbation and with much thankfulness to God in the first place and next under him to the ever faithful Army and so became like the Proselites which the Scribes and Pharisees made twofold more the Children of Hell than themselves more criminous and guilty of a greater Treason as having broken a higher Trust being themselves part of the Parliament which they deserted and betray'd a wound given in the more noble and vital parts tearing the Bowels and piercing to the very Heart Whereas the Army were but Servants outward and ministerial parts so to be look'd upon and so punish'd Slaves were crucify'd but Citizens that betray'd were exterminated they and their posterity and the whole City turn'd into mourning sensible of the loss as the Body when depriv'd of a principal Member 146. They should have remembred that even at the time of the pretended force which they would have men believe to have driven them away the House lay under a greater force and themselves were greater Slaves to the lusts of the Army which trampled upon their Necks made them more contemptible than the smallest Court of Guard that had but a Corporal to command it to eat their words their Declarations Orders Ordinances break their Faith betray and destroy all that serv'd them faithfully give thanks for being cudgel'd and abus'd pray and pay and be glad it would be accepted should not every Member have been sensible of such violations and injuries done to the Body But some will say it was as these Men will have it who were like the sinful lusts in the Soul quiet and well pleas'd while the strong man the Devil keeps the house So they were satisfy'd with all that was done because it
faults for their own advantage For if the King would have agreed to such Conditions as they propos'd to him and such a Settlement as had been in order to their Ends to have continu'd an Omnipotency in them and ruin'd the rest of the Kingdom these things had been all dispens'd with sacrific'd to their greatness and the advancement of their Dagon then nothing but Hosannah's in their mouths no Peace could be lasting without due consideration of his Rights far was it from them to have a thought of imprisoning him he had been their good King and they his and our gracious Masters But now that his Majesty had discover'd their aims and would not contribute to them he is an Anathema guilty of such and so many crimes as not to be found scarce in any one person and now these Men of Belial can say he shall not reign over us For the things themselves I doubt not but there are those who knowing the Arcana Imperii will give satisfaction to the world by a faithful and clear manifestation of his Majesty's Actions and Counsels relating to them I who stand below and at distance as I cannot have the knowledg of such high things so will not presume to meddle with them only upon the general say that methinks in reason those things cannot be for to destroy the Protestants in France whose preservation must needs be as a contentment to the Soul of a Protestant King so a strength and advantage to his Interest were strange State-policy And as for the Rebellion of Ireland to cut off so great a Limb from himself pluck off one of the three Flowers of his Crown is methinks to be Felo de se. To speak nothing of that concerning King Iames an act so monstrous as not to be suspected in a Heathen not to be found in heathenish Rome much less in a Christian truly I cannot as a rational Man bring my judgment to admit of a belief of those things and then certainly Charity obliges to hope better believe better of any Man much more of a King and of our own King whom Solomon tells us we are not to curse no not in thought much less which Iob blames tell him and tell the world he is wicked and ungodly least of all when there is not a clear an undeniable proof And even their expressions in their Declaration are not positive as if the subject matter were only allegatum not at all probatum and rather set forth ad captandum populum to gain if possible an approbation of the vulgar of what they had done than that they conceiv'd it would find credit with rational and judicious Men or that themselves thought it to be a truth For the other things as Knighthood Ship-money c. any thing by which the Subject has been oppress'd and his Purse pick'd they of all Men should not find fault whose little Finger has been heavier than the Loins of Monarchy What was all that in comparison of free Quarter Excise and even the 100000 l. a Month which they say they must have for the maintenance of the Army those were but Flea-bitings to these At the worst one may say we were then chastis'd with Whips but now with Scorpions 197. And so I hope I have made good what I undertook in the beginning having made it appear that England is become by the actings of these Men that Monster whose shape is perverted the head standing where the feet and the feet where the head should be mean Men mounted aloft and all that is or should be great Lacqueying it after them The authority of the Magistrate suppress'd and the will of particular persons made the Law of the Kingdom Justice obstructed and Violence in the room of it King and Parliament trodden under foot and an Army insulting over the Persons and Estates of the Subject so as we may take up the Psalmist's Complaint That the very Foundations are destroy'd and what then can the Righteous do 198. I will conclude all with this short Epiphonema If such a complicated Treason as this which they have design'd and carry'd on all along consisting of so many several parts by betraying all the Trusts Men can be capable of as Subjects to their King Servants to their Masters an Army to them that rais'd and paid them English Men to their Country and which is more Christians to their God bound up yet in a more particular obligation by Covenant Vows and Protestations all these Relations thrown aside nothing of Duty Conscience or Morality to stand in the way that could either be remov'd or overcome eluded or broken through If I say a Treason rais'd up to this height by so many several steps of Hypocrisie Treachery Perfidiousness Injustice Violence and Cruelty can be made good and the Actors prosper blessing themselves in their success sacrificing to their Nets and Gins by which they have snar'd and destroy'd all their opposers And on the other side if no blessing must be on the good endeavours of those who only had propos'd to themselves Bonum publicum had nothing in particular in their Eye sought nothing for themselves but to find their safety compris'd and contain'd in the happiness and welfare of the King Parliament and Kingdom like the honest Passengers that seek their preservation in saving the Ship they sail in as I can speak it for a truth take the God of Heaven for Witness and defie all the Men on Earth to disprove it that I for my part and I hope the same of those other persons of Honour Members of both Houses with whom I have cooperated and now partake in their sufferings never had other end Let the Earl of Manchester speak who has been present at and privy to all our Consultations and is now join'd and engag'd with the Army and those other Men who carry on this pernicious design where besides the universal desolation of the whole Kingdom there is a particularity against me for my ruin and destruction and therefore I doubt not but he will say all he knows Let Mr. Reynolds of the House of Commons who went a long time and a great way with us but is since fallen off and become throughly theirs the same I say of Colonel Harvy who was long enough in our Ears and in our Bosoms to bottom all our thoughts know all our desires If these or any other even that malicious and treacherous Lord Savil can say that at any time upon any occasion I propos'd any thing that look'd towards a self End the driving of any particular Interest setting up of any Party but merely to prevent these fearful Precipices into which the Kingdom is fallen by the art and practices of these Enemies of Peace and to attain such a settlement as all honest moderate Men might have found in it both security and satisfaction If they can let them speak and if they prove one tittle I will put my Mouth in the dust I will bear my
to adventure their own for speedy stopping the issue of it in the Kingdom 5. This was the first step of those unworthy Mens getting into power When other Gentlemen of the House of Commons unluckily left it upon these occasions they then undertook the business put themselves and their Creatures into all Committees persons most of them before only known by their Faces and esteemed for their Silence and Modesty But they soon grew Bold and Impudent domineering not only over the rest of the House but much more over others abroad and by their Pride and Insolency contracting Envy and Hatred to the Parliament 6. By this means they had power over all the Money of the Kingdom pleasured and recompensed whom they would which were none be sure but their Creatures or such as would be theirs and so made many Proselytes both within doors and without increasing their Party exceedingly which made them carry the business of the House as they would themselves and made it easie to them in all Debates concerning applications for Peace to drive us to extremities demanding unreasonable things laying upon the King the Conditions of Naash to thrust out his right Eye for a reproach or as the Devil did to our Saviour to have him fall down and worship them lay his Honour at their Feet his Life at their Mercy while they upon all occasions revile and reproach him give countenance and encouragement to all the bitter scurrilous and unseemly Expressions against him impeach the Queen give her the usage both in words and actions one would not have done to the meanest Handmaid of the Kingdom tho the Wife Daughter and Sister of a King the Mother of our Prince who is to sit upon the Throne if these Men hinder him not and all this to make the distance wide the wound deep that there might be no closing no binding up Then was there nothing but expelling Members out of the House on the least information If any of those Whelps did but bark against any one and could but say he was busie in the Country nothing but sequestring impeaching of Treason turning Men and their Families turning Wife and Children to starve so many Committees and Sub-Committees of Examinations Sequestrations fifth and twentieth part c. made in City and Country and some of the most factious busy beggarly men put in as fittest Tools for such Masters to work by to rake Men to the Bones and take all advantages to ruin them 7. This was a great breaking of heart to all honest Men especially to those in the House who being present and Eye-witnesses of the management of Affairs easily discovered the drift of these persons and opposed it all they could which made those Blood-suckers conceive a mortal hatred against them and in truth against all Gentlemen as those who had too great an interest and too large a stake of their own in the Kingdom to ingage with them in their Design of perpetuating the War to an absolute confusion 8. This made them look with a jealous Eye upon my Lord of Essex who was General of the Army finding him not fit for their turn as too desirous of Peace and of maintaining Monarchy and therefore they resolve to lay him aside beginning to draw Supplies from him neither providing Recruits nor furnishing him with Money or Arms except sometimes for a pinch when the necessity of their own preservation required it clogging him all they could countenancing and supporting who ever did oppose him In the mean time carrying on the business of the House in a wild madness making Ordinances like Draco's Laws written in Blood that no Man could be safe whom they had a mind to destroy and their mind was to destroy all they could by making so many desperate to render things more irreconcileable and cut off all hopes of Peace which they were resolved to put by upon any terms per fas aut nefas if not by art and cunning rather to use force than fail and where the Fox's Skin would not reach to take the Lion's as to give one Instance for all 9. The House of Lords in the Summer after the beginning of our Troubles in 1643 having resolv'd to deliver themselves and the Kingdom from this Aegyptian Slavery had prepared a Message to the King with Overtures for an Accommodation and sent it down to the House of Commons on a Saturday where the major part seemed to be of the same mind and after a long dispute and much opposition prevail'd to take it into consideration made an entrance into it agreed to some particulars and it growing late adjourned the further debate till Monday morning against which time these Firebrands had set the City in a flame as if there were a resolution to betray all to the King and thereupon brought down a Rabble of their party some thousands to the House of Commons door who gave out threatning Speeches and named among themselves but so as they might be heard some Members of the House whom they said they lookt upon as Enemies and would pull out of the House which did so terrifie many honest timorous Men and gave that boldness to the others as contrary to all order they resumed the Question that was settled on Saturday for going on with the business and at last carried it by some Voices to have it laid aside which was the highest strain of Insolency the greatest violation of the Authority and Freedom the two essential Ingredients of a Parliament that before that time was ever known Since I confess the Army has far outstrip'd it 10. This made some persons cast about how a stop might be given to such violent proceedings and to have other Counsels admitted which probably would give some allay to those sharp and implacable Spirits It appearing to be altogether impossible ever to obtain a Peace whilst they were Rulers who Phaeton like were able to set the whole World on fire It was therefore proposed that our Brethren of Scotland might be called in who were known to be a wise People lovers of Order firm to Monarchy who had twice before gone through the misfortune of taking up Arms and wisely had laid them down still contenting themselves with that which was necessary for their security avoiding extremities Their wisdom and moderation as was presumed might then have delivered us from that precipice of misery and confusion into which our Charioteers were hurrying us amain 11. But these Men would none of it at that time they hoped to be able to carry on the Work themselves and meant to divide all the Spoil which they had done if it had not pleased God to give them that check in the West when their Army there was beaten through Sir Arthur Haslerig's default one of their invincible Champions First his ignorant foolhardiness afterwards his baseness and cowardise who then found himself to be mortal for before he thought himself invincible and absolutely Stick-free and Shot-free having had the good
Common-wealth's Money by Gifts and Rewards and paying pretended Arrears in a word seek the ruin of the Kingdom and the advancement of themselves and their Party this made them change their Minds and many of them to confess and acknowledg they had been abused 47. But this was not the work of one day Some time passed before they could make these clear discoveries and disabuse themselves our grand Impostors kept them a good while at gaze with putting jealousies into their heads against the Scots as if the Scots had a design of making good their footing in this Kingdom and that we who were of the other Party from them did carry on the Scotch Interest and design'd to betray the Rights and Liberties of England with which Engine they batter'd a long time and made no small impression in many mens Minds 48. For the next step they meant to make was to fall foul with the Scots and engage the Kingdoms one against another in Blood which was the return they would give the Scots as a reward of the good Service they had done them coming to their help in time of need when they were so low so despairing of carrying on their work and effecting what they had projected to themselves as that the chief of them a little before were ready to run away Ships prepared good store of Treasure which they had shark'd pack'd up to carry with them or return'd beyond Sea by Bills of Exchange and all things in a readiness for their remove so well were they resolved to hazard and if need were sacrifice themselves for their Country tho they would be thought to be the only Patriots but they had certainly left it in the lurch if first my Lord of Essex had not done that memorable piece of Service in relieving Glocester which was so gallantly defended by Major General Massey and fighting the great Battel of Newbury And a little before that the Kingdom of Scotland engaging in the Cause sent in their Army to their assistance My Lord of Essex as has been shewed already had his reward he was cashier'd and so was Major General Massey who since likewise is turn'd out of the House being one of the eleven Members and voted to be impeached of High Treason And next the Scots must have theirs The quarrelling with them and endeavouring to destroy their Army is what I must now speak of as the Subject of the next Act in this Tragedy The first endeavour is to break the Scotish Army by not paying it which before whilst they had need of it or hopes that the Kingdom of Scotland might cooperate to the working of their Designs they could be careful to do their utmost to satisfie and to provide for it fitting Accommodations But now they can let many months pass without sending them any Money or taking any care for their supply or so much as affording them good words One of these two effects they thought this would certainly produce either the Soldiers to run away perhaps mutiny so the Army disband and fall to pieces or else live upon Free-quarters so by oppressing the Country to become odious and the people rise against them Nor were they wanting to give all encouragement so to do Emissaries were sent out and Agents employ'd in all places to stir up and imbitter mens Spirits Many Complaints were by their procurements sent up to the Parliament and all means used to get hands to those Complaints and strange things were suggested vast Sums to be levy'd by them so many thousand Pounds a week to be levy'd upon a County unheard of Insolencies to be committed Robbing Killing Ravishing Riots all manner of Villanies This would come up with open cry make a great noise be received and heighten'd in the House of Commons with railing Speeches bitter Invectives blown over the City and Kingdom to the disadvantage and reproach not only of the Army but the Nation in a word all done that could be imagin'd to set Man Woman and Child and even the very Stones against them The Commissioners of Scotland that were in London would many times send in their Papers to the Houses of Parliament to shew the falshoods of those Reports and desire that Committees might be sent down to join with theirs to examine these things pressing that it ought to be so done by the Treaty between the two Kingdoms and that there should always be a Committee of both Kingdoms with the Army to govern it to provide what was sit for the Soldiers and prevent both disorders and misunderstandings but it was not that which our Masters desir'd and therefore they would send none 49. The Members of the House who dislik'd those Courses and saw the endeavours that were us'd to cause a breach between the two Nations did yet desire that if those relations were true it might so appear and be represented not only to the General of the Army and to that part of the Committee of Estates of Scotland which was in England both those with the Parliament and those with the Army but even to the Kingdom of Scotland that there might be redress the Offenders punish'd and the Kingdom of England righted and satisfy'd If false that the raisers and contrivers of those Reports might be punish'd and the Kingdom of Scotland repaired which was the way to keep Peace between the Nations And so sometimes they prevail'd and got it order'd for an Examination but never any thing could be made of it Only at a Market-Town in Yorkshire there had been a Riot and some Men killed for which a Council of War had passed on the Offenders and some as I remember were executed some cashier'd And for the raising those great Sums of Money it is true Money they did raise or else their Soldiers must have starv'd But for that exorbitancy of raising so many thousand Pounds a Week upon one County it was a Scandal and false Lye grounded upon notable Cheat and Collusion For the Scots drawing their Quarters near together which they did as well for the better governing of their Army as for the safety of it knowing they had many back-friends this made them lie heavy upon places and exact the more Money and Provisions from those several Townships Then did these Men who were employed to blow the Coals and put all into a flame if possible between the Country and the Scots take the highest rate that was set upon any one of these Towns and make a computation what it would come to upon the whole County at that proportion which Sum they inform'd to be the charge upon that County for the payment of the Scotish Army and this must be made a great business and past for a truth as if the Scots had rais'd so much Money when in truth there was no such thing 50. Yet let me not be thought to excuse and justifie all that the Soldiers of that Army have done upon the Country and not to pity with a very tender Sense
the deep Sufferings of those Northern parts the Scotish Army lying so long upon them on Free-quarter I must be very ignorant of the carriage of an unpaid Army if I did not believe that many disorders were committed many a poor Country-man exceedingly oppress'd and abus'd by the unruly Soldiers and more by half taken and spoiled by them than would have sufficed for their Pay and Entertainment if it had been orderly raised and provided by the authority and care of the State which was to pay them And so should I likewise have very small bowels towards my Country England in general and particularly those poor Counties in one of which I receiv'd my being if I did not grieve and mourn from the bottom of my Soul for the sad condition which did then overspread them the poverty to which they are reduced the ruin of so many Houses and Families the Land lying in many places an uninhabited Wilderness all over a face of misery and desolation But then the more I am raised to an indignation against them who were the cause of this those who had rather suffer not one County or two but all the Counties in England and two Kingdoms besides to perish and ruin than they to fail of their Ends. So must all the North be made a Sacrifice to their malice and revenge upon the Scotish Nation and rather than not enforce the Scots to oppress those parts hoping at last they would fall one upon another they will suffer the Country to endure any Misery and not only so but impudently and perfidiously wrest and misinterpret the Treaty themselves had made and so put a great scorn thereon to give greater provocations to the Scots and thus they make themselves ridiculous and infamous to the World and to all posterity by a gross and palpable collusion 51. For when the Commissioners of Scotland and the General of the Army did so often and earnestly move for Pay for the Soldiers representing that on the monthly Pay which was condition'd for and promised they have not of so many Months received any thing and that it was impossible to observe that Discipline in the Army which was requisite for the ease of the County because the Soldiers were unpaid they had the face to say that by the Treaty the Scots could not receive their Pay at present because there was a Clause that if any part thereof were behind they should be allowed Interest for forbearance which Interest was not to be presently paid neither but afterwards when the Peace was setled and the Kingdom more able upon which these conscionable Logicians infer'd that allowing Interest nothing could be demanded So that which the Scots gave way to out of friendliness and confidence to shew they would not exact upon our necessities if at any time through the great occasions of expence we were not able to give them their full Pay is now made use of and ungratefully turned upon them to defer the payment of any part And this only to affront them and make them desperate 52. And as they deal with the Army so did they with the State and Kingdom of Scotland by putting neglects and indignities upon their Ministers raising jealousies of them and of the whole Nation For this they had their Robert Wright and their unknown Knight to give intelligence of Correspondencies held by them with the Queen of undertaking to do great matters for the King Treaties with France strange designs and practices against the Parliament and every foot Letters of Information from some well-wishers abroad to Mr. Sollicitor or Sir Henry Mildmay or some other of that Gang upon this strain Then this is whisper'd about and these Letters go from hand to hand and told as a secret in every bodies Ears to make people afraid and mistrust even their own Shadows as if all were in danger Sometimes the House must be acquainted with some of these things or some person or other brought to the Bar to make some relation as Sir Thomas Hanmore Then the doors are shut long winded Speeches made to set out our dangers and great expectations rais'd of strange discoveries and all but a parturiunt montes Yet this serves to make a noise and they had Instruments abroad to improve it and many hones well meaning men were cozen'd and stood at gaze knew not what to think of their Brethren of Scotland nor yet of the Members of either House and desir'd to have things more fairly carry'd towards them and as they had had experience of their faithfulness formerly so could they not be brought by such artifices to have an ill opinion of them without better grounds for it and therefore differ'd in the entertainment they gave to those alarms judging them false and causeless accordingly expressing themselves diverting and breaking the desperate thrusts which these men made and were therefore decry'd as Scotish malignant and prejudged in all they did or said 53. The malice against the Scots rests not here it carries them to discover and manifest slighting and neglecting and that not sufficiently provoking a violent injuring and affronting of them First they vouchsafe not to answer the Papers they put into the House some not at all none presently as formerly they were wont to do nor in any convenient time but make them wait days and weeks and months for a return to what the Commissioners present from the Kingdom of Scotland or from themselves in the name of that Kingdom 54. The Committee of the two Kingdoms is now no more in esteem than as they say a Saint without a Holiday That which before did manage all the great business which was looked upon with so much reverence even as a sacred thing pray'd for in the Churches like the Lords in the Council had all the `trust all the power not only in matters of War which were wholly left to them by the ordinance of their Constitution but all other business of consequence as framing propositions for Peace and all Addresses to his Majesty all Negotiations with foreign States whatsoever did in any high degree concern the Parliament or Kingdom was still referred to them and what they did passed for Law was seldom or never alter'd in the House But now the Tide was turn'd they had nothing to do Sir Thomas Fairfax was discharg'd of his subordination to them and left to himself to do as he saw cause with his Army They of the Committee who were of that Faction seldom or never came to it so that the Commissioners of Scotland and the other Members of it did come and attend three or four days one after another sometimes oftner to no purpose and no Committee could sit for want of a number nay they prevail'd so far as now to vilifie and shew their neglect or jealousie of the Scotish Commissioners They would sometimes get business referred to the Members of both Houses that were of that Committee with their Exclusion 55. To provoke them yet more
supply of Ireland and safety of England 77. For England they appointed what Regiments of Horse and Dragoons shall stand settle the Garisons name Sir Thomas Fairfax General of all the Forces under Pay which was sufficient Honour for him for the Service he had done and shew'd that they had no meaning to dismiss those with reproach who had serv'd them as they were falsely scandaliz'd 78. For Ireland they make Serjeant Major General Skippon Commander in Chief with the Title of Field Marshal and Major General Massey Lieutenant General of the Horse recommended it to the care of the Committee at Derby house to prepare all things necessary for the forwarding of that Service and draw off such of the Army as were willing to go for the distempers there continu'd those who had declar'd themselves being affronted discourag'd and many of them debaucht from that Service 79. This was faithfully perform'd by the Committee that is by part of it for some of them as the Sollicitor Cromwel Sir Arthur Haslerig and those of that gang would not attend but the others did And if I may speak it without vanity it being one of the great Crimes with which the eleven Members stand charg'd by their care and industry they put the whole business into such a way not only doing their best endeavours to have sent over the Forces that should have gone out of the Army but sending over others also as Colonel Iones and those Regiments which went to Dublin and supplying the best they could my Lord Inchiqueen and those Forces which were there before with such necessaries as they could provide that by the blessing of God the foundation was laid for all the good which has since befallen that Kingdom and for the great advantages which those gallant Men have gotten upon the Rebels notwithstanding the little assistance they have since receiv'd having in truth been rather hinder'd than helpt for every body knows the malice which is born them by that Party which now bears sway what discouragements my Lord Inchiqueen has labour'd under and the small regard had of Colonel Iones Yet they have subsisted and not only preserv'd but advanc'd very much the English Interest with Honour to themselves and shame to these unworthy Men who are so little sensible of the conditions of the poor Protestants there preferring their particular revenge and prosecution of their damnable End before all that is of Honour and Justice and either of duty to God and their Country or compassion to their distressed Brethren 80. The Officers in the mean time play their parts below in the Army they had already engag'd the Soldiers to stand upon Pay an Act of Indemnity and some other Immunities plausible things to make them all of a piece enter into a kind of a league and combination one with another and so become fit to receive any other impression and unite upon it Therefore now they go a step further to incense them against the Parliament misrepresenting all passages and proceedings to them as if the intention were to force them for Ireland and therefore starve them or dismiss them with shame and expose them to question and trouble for what they had done in the Wars so engaging them to persist upon their demands in that Petition and ask reparation of the Parliament for wrong done them by the Commissioners sent down for the business of Ireland and other Members of the House whom they had characteriz'd to be Enemies to the Army whereby they put them into such a distemper as all thoughts of duty and obedience were cast off nothing so odious as the Parliament nothing would satisfie but revenge 81. When they had wrought the Feat Sir Thomas Fairfax himself came to London upon pretence of taking Physick Cromwel Ireton Fleetwood Rainsborough who were Members of the House of Commons as well as principal Officers of the Army keep the House that the Soldiers might be left to themselves to fire the more run up to extremes and put themselves into a posture to carry on their work of Rebellion with a high and violent hand which had been so handsomly done for either they must have appear'd in it and join'd with the Soldiers which had been too gross or have stop'd it in the beginning crush'd the Serpent in the Egg which had been most easie but was contrary to their design So now they give the business time to foment and the Rebellion to grow to some head that afterwards when they should come amongst them for they could not but expect the Parliament would send them down they might seem to be carry'd with the violence and to give some way for preventing greater inconveniences and to keep them from extremities till the Monster was form'd and got to that strength as to protect it self and them when they might without danger declare for it which they afterwards did In the mean time disclaiming it blaming the Soldiers at that distance as Cromwel did openly in the House protesting for his part he would stick to the Parliament whilst underhand they sent them encouragements and directions for nothing was done there but by advice and countenance from London where the whole business was so laid the Rebellion resolv'd upon and the Officers that were in town so deeply engag'd that when the full time was come for putting things in execution my friend Cromwel who had been sent down by the Parliament to do good Offices was come up again without doing any and he who had made those solemn publick Protestations with some great Imprecations on himself if he fail'd in his performance did notwithstanding privily convey thence his Goods which many of the Independents likewise did leaving City and Parliament as mark'd out for destruction and then without leave of the House after some Members missing him and fearing him gone had mov'd to have him sent for whereupon he being as it seems not yet gone and having notice of it came and shew'd himself a little in the House did steal away that evening I may say run away post down to the Army and presently join in the Subscription of a rebellious Letter whereof I shall speak anon But let him take heed those Imprecations fall not upon him which many times God remembers and takes Men at their word meeting with them in their dissembling wishes when themselves least think of them perhaps have forgot that ever they made them This by the way 82. For the present the thing pitch'd upon was to set up a kind of Council like the supreme Council of the Irish Rebels but that those were most of them persons of birth and degree these ex faece populi under the name of Agitators Two as I take it were chosen out of every Regiment at first I think but common Soldiers tho afterwards some Officers were added to transact this business These now forsooth seem to acknowledg no Officer but to rule and dispose of all things as they think good They
take into consideration what is fit to be done what not and give their orders accordingly examine and censure the Orders and Votes of Parliament receive all Complaints give the redress send out their Warrants and Commands write their Letters exercise a general power over all set up a new form of Government in the Army and in the end are instrumental to their Masters to possess themselves of his Majesty's Person subdue Parliament City and Kingdom and be reveng'd upon all those who had formerly given any disturbance to the carrying on of their design till such time as the work was done which they had set them to do But then Mr. Cromwel and his Officers could give a stop to their proceedings And when the Agitators thought to do as formerly and finish'd what they were made to believâ—â— should be the Catastrophe of their Tragedy which was the destruction of the King and alteration of the Government Counsels not being at that time so dispos'd nor the time ripe for the execution they soon found their Locks were cut and the influence of their Superiors ceasing their strength fail'd so as they brought but confusion to themselves three of the chief were condemn'd to die for mutiny but Cromwel being a merciful Prince would take but one who was shot to death the rest reduced to subjection and obedience their Council Table dissolv'd and their Castles in the Air Vanish'd to smoak But these things fell out long after for a time they triumph act all drive on the design Cromwel and his fellows standing behind the Curtain laught in their sleeves and pleas'd themselves to see the Game which they had packt play so well 83. The first Act of these new Rulers was a Letter sent to their three principal Officers who were then in London and innocent persons God knows knew nothing of all this Sir Thomas Fairfax Lieutenant General Cromwel and Serjeant Major General Skippon For this last to do him right I think that at that time he was innocent indeed but afterwards I must avow it he together with the help of Mr. Marshal a Minâ—â—â—er contributed more to the success of their Villanies betraying the Parliament and City into their hands than all that Cromwel the Sollicitor Ireton and the rest of the Crew did or could do and no question will be sufficiently rewarded for it by them for they are good at it to pay dear out of the publick Store for any man's Conscience that will be sold and may be useful to them 84. This Letter was an exclamation against the Parliament false and untrue Complaints of wrongs done to the Soldiers at Assizes in the Counties a protestation against the Irish Expedition calling it a design to break the Army declaring if any of these three Commanders should engage their averseness to it tho one of them Skippon was by the Parliament appointed and had accepted it in plain English saying they would not disband nor receive any other propositions from the Parliament till their expectations were satisfy'd Three of the Agitators brought it and Skippon acquainted the House with it they were sent for and carry'd themselves at the Bar in a slighting braving manner refusing to answer such questions as the Speaker by order of the House ask'd them saying they were employ'd by the Army and could not without leave from thence discover any thing Many the House resenting this high affront were earnest to have them severely punish'd but that Party stood as stifly for them insomuch that the worthy Burgess of Newcastle Mr. Warmworth stood up and said he would have them committed indeed but it should be to the best Inn of the Town and good Sack and Sugar provided them which was as ridiculous as 't was a bold and insolent scorn put upon the Parliament at last even Mr. Skippon himself excused them said they were honest Men and wisht they might not be too severely dealt with whereupon the House flatted let them go without punishment and by tameness encreas'd their madness and presumption Where as had they serv'd them as Mr. Cromwel after wards did their fellows hang'd one of them they all well deserving it it might probably have given a stop to their Career and prevented a great deal of mischief which has since befallen the Kingdom by their means 85. All that we did whether it was Fate or Design I know not but it prov'd our Ruin was to command down to the Army the Officers that were Members of the House such as were in town and the General himself I say I know not if there were a design in it because afterwards upon just such another occasion we sent Sir Henry Vane the younger Mr. Scawen and some others which I am sure was a thing laid and this wrought the same effect as that did even put them together the better to contrive and lay their business joining the counsels of the Officers to the actings of the Agitators so to hatch that horrid Rebellion which soon after broke out to the utter ruin if God's hand of mercy interpose not of Parliament and Kingdom They were sent to allay the distempers and to prevent inconveniencies but how they discharg'd that trust will soon appear 86. Instead of discountenancing reproving and suppressing that disposition to mutiny that standing upon terms with the Parliament those Meetings and Consultations by which the ill humour was nourish'd and instead of perswading them to a fitting obedience and submission and laying the Regiments farther asunder to lessen and abate the contagion they gave them occasion to encrease their distempers and vent them by asking them what they will have calling the Officers together and sending them to their several Regiments to be inform'd of their designs and by drawing them together already so indispos'd and inflam'd inflame them the more A strange way of quieting an Army that was in a way to Rebellion and had begun to set up a new Government amongst themselves by their Agitators which sped accordingly and produced the effect that they desir'd a representation of Grievances in which the whole Army now join'd and engag'd except some few gallant Men both Officers and Soldiers who detested those proceedings 87. This Representation is brought up to the House by Lieutenant General Cromwel and Colonel Fleetwood who had the faces to say just as the Representation begins That the Army was quiet and free from any visible distemper which was only to amuse us But then it expostulates with the Parliament the making of the foremention'd Declaration sending for up and questioning those persons who had been complain'd of for obstructing the Service of Ireland justifies them taxes the Commissioners of Parliament and other Members of the House for doing ill offices to the Army stands upon all the particulars of the first Petition 88. The House was very much dissatisfy'd with these proceedings and if ever it deny'd it self did it then for it was willing to give the Army satisfaction in all things
was according to their Minds conducing to their Ends. If it be so and that they will be Slaves let them be Slaves still for they deserve no better The Army was the fittest place for them as Brutus said of those he took Prisoners at the first Battel of Philippi Let them go says he they are greater Captives in their own Camp under Cesar and Anthony than here 147. They might likewise have consider'd that the force upon the Parliament from the Army as it was greater so to have been a more horrid crime of more dangerous consequence to the Kingdom and more destructive to the being of Parliaments than that from the Apprentices which is in my opinion very clear This of the Apprentices being a sudden tumultuary thing of young idle people without design and without that obligation indeed but an effect of the other both as following their example and also as occasion'd by the just offence which they had given the City whereas the Army was a form'd deep laid design of revenge upon them they call'd their Enemies of domination over the Parliament and Kingdom carry'd on both with power and cunning laying the foundation of a perpetual Tyranny by a company of hir'd Servants that had receiv'd more wages ten times than their work deserv'd and now betray'd the trust reposed in them rising against their Masters whose own Swords they turn'd upon their breasts to force them to do most dishonourable unjust infamous actions deliver up themselves and the Kingdom to their wills So as take the act of the Apprentices at the worst it is ex malis minimum and that of those fugitive Members at the best which is that they were really under a force and under a fear they did vitare Charibdim incidere in Scyllam and leap as the old Proverb is out of the Fryingpan into the Fire wherein they were unfortunate and well would it be for them in the day of their accounts if it were but fortune but it is too apparent to have been in some of them a propens'd Malice and detestable Combination 148. As for what they lay to the eleven Members with all the aggravations in that Declaration I will not answer it as Mr. Nathaniel Fines did Mr. Walker's Charge against him to say only thou liest and quote along the Margin First Second Third and Fourth Lie But this I will say to disprove it affirming it upon the word of a Gentleman and faith of an honest Man I think I may speak as much for the whole number I was not in the City all the time those businesses were in agitation knew nothing of the Petitions nor actings in the Common Council nothing of the City's engagement never saw it till two or three days after it was printed had not the least thought of the Apprentices coming down to Westminster nor notice of it till the very day at eleven of the Clock when they were already there We had appointed four days before to meet that day at dinner at the Bell in Kingstreet there to even our Reckonings because we had made a common Purse for Lawyers Fees and other charges in preparing our answer for the House then to take our leaves one of another resolving to go several ways some beyond Sea some into the Country As I was going into my Coach there was with me Sir Philip Stapleton Sir William Waller Major General Massey and Mr. Long one brought us word of the hubbub at the House whereupon we resolv'd not to go and parted companies upon it but presently Sir William Lewis's Footman came to tell us his Master and Mr. Nichols were staying for us at the Bell upon which Sir Philip Stapleton Sir William Waller and my self who were yet together went thither but hearing more of the disorder about Westminster Hall we would not stay so much as to make an end of our Dinners but presently came away I mention this particular because I know they have made a great matter of that meeting as if it was to be near hand to receive information and send instructions according to occasion when we were as innocent of it as any of those who cry out most against us nay more if it be true what is so confidently reported as I said before that there were Independents most busie amongst that unruly multitude 149. Here we have seen what those worthy Members did at the Army and upon what ground and besides what little reason they had to go away upon the pretended force which was a sudden thing then past and care taken it should be no more and they lying before under a greater force which they purposely now ran again into to continue it the longer upon themselves and the Kingdom Now let us see what in the mean time was doing at London 150. The Houses met according to the adjournment upon Friday the 30 th of Iuly some six or sevenscore in the House of Commons and as great a number of Lords in their House as of those who went to the Army but all mute neither having their Speaker for whom they sent about to seek waiting till they had certain information how they had dispos'd of themselves then they fell into consideration of what was to be done and that offer'd it self which in truth was obvious to every man's reason to chuse other Speakers For the Lords House there could be no question it was every day's practice their Speaker being but pro tempore and changeable at pleasure so they make choice of my Lord Willoughby of Parham For the House of Commons it lay not so above ground their Speaker being a settled Officer made with great Formalities and not so moveable at pleasure but that he cannot be at all remov'd upon no occasion not for misdemeanour as it is not esteem'd for a Speaker to be honest or to be so powerful by his compliance with the major or the more active part of the House to be born out in his Knaveries as some have the luck of it or if he desert the House as Mr. Lenthal lately did or be disabled by sickness or any other accident I think no Man will say For then what Act of continuance will be of avail to keep up the Parliament since it would depend upon the will of one Man or the uncertainty of his health to frustrate all such provisions and at any time to set a period to a Parliament 151. Therefore they proceed to the choice of their Speaker and pitch upon Mr. Henry Pelham who according to the custom is presented at the Lords House Bar brought in by my Lord of Pembrook in his Robes and there receiv'd 152. They then go on upon the business of the House take into consideration the Letter spoken of sent by Rushworth to Mr. Lenthal the late Speaker which discover'd the intention of the Army to march up against the City whereupon they order a Letter to be written to the General signifying in what quietness they sat
in his room The Self-denying Ordinance was a trick for this purpose In the begining of these troubles Sir William Lewis not agreeing with their Palate being Governour of Portsmouth they make the Earl of Essex who was then General send for him upon a supposition that he was a favourer of Malignants and of many other things which being examin'd by the Committee of Safety he gave so good an account of himself as the Committee could not do less than write a Letter in his justification to the General leaving it to him to repair him as he thought fit Then some of these honest Men who themselves had subscrib'd to it sent a Letter privately to my Lord of Essex by which they advis'd his not sending him back to Portsmouth which jugling of theirs he receiv'd with indignation and wish'd Sir William Lewis to return to his Command but he seeing what Men he had to deal with quitted the Employment and to say the truth he only can be happy who has nothing to do with them except it be in punishing them according to their demerits 173. They have now they think both Houses to their minds ready to do whatsoever they please Accordingly the House of Commons orders those of the eleven Members who were beyond Sea upon their Passes which gave them liberty of travelling six Months to appear the 16 th of October taking no course to have them summon'd only notice to be given at their Houses or places of their last abode where few of us had any Servants my self only an old Porter and a Maid or two 174. Then they go on to the publick business such work as the Army had cut out for them Which were certain Proposals that Sir Thomas Fairfax and the Council of War had sent them the 1 st of August sign'd by Iohn Rushworth Secretary now far above Iohn Brown and Henry Elsing In these they 〈◊〉 down a new platform of Government an Vtopia of their own take upon them to alter all give Rules to all cajole the King claw with the people cheat both never intending good to either The reading of the Articles themselves which are in print will satisfie every body they need no Comment and are so many and of so vast a comprehension as to treat of them all to shew the absurdities contradictions impossibilities unreasonableness which many of them contain would swell this to too big a Volume I will only speak to some few and shew how they dissolve the whole frame of this Monarchy taking a sunder every part pulling out every pin and new making it First The constitutions and proceedings of Parliaments projecting new things for their beginnings continuances and endings for the elections of Members privileges and customs of the Houses which they had violated before de facto but now must be alter'd de jure The Militia of the Kingdom where they will have a General appointed to command it Pay setled to maintain it a Council of State to superintend it which signifies to establish by Act of Parliament this holy Army the Council of War and General Cromwel Then matters of the Church where they will have no power exercis'd to preserve Religion and Piety they would have Bishops so they may be just Cyphers and all Acts to be repeal'd which hinder Men from being Atheists or Independents for no body must be enjoyn'd to come to the Church and there may be Meetings to practise any thing of superstition and folly the Covenant must be laid aside In sum it is to take away all Government and set up Independency They propose a new way for making grand Jury-men Justices of Peace and Sheriffs When these and many other things which they mention are settled which will take up time enough then the King Queen and Royal Issue to be restor'd which is as much as just nothing Next they make the people believe they do as great matters for them will have a liberty of petitioning which is but to make way for schismatical seditious Petitions for if any Petition stick at their Diana none so fierce to punish Who more than they against all the Petitions from London and the Counties for disbanding of the Army and complaining of their factious ways how eager were they against the Petitions promoted in the City in the beginning for which Benion was fined and many troubled and some Petitions out of Kent for which some Gentlemen were committed How barbarously did they fall upon some poor women which came one time to Westminster petitioning for Peace commanding a Troop of Horse to run over them the Train'd Bands to shoot at them whereby many were wounded and some kill'd Yet the world must think they will have it free for all to petition Then they will have the Excise taken off from some Commodities whereon the poor people live and a time limited for taking off the whole which was but to please and amuse them till they had got the mastery of those who they thought stood in their way but being Masters themselves they soon sent out a Command more now than any Proclamation or Ordinance to forbid all Soldiers any way to interrupt the levying of the Excise orany other Tax charg'd by the Parliament which they had made merely instrumental to poll the people for the support of them and their Faction They will have no Tythes to be paid and so Ministers to be starv'd for in truth they would have no Ministers at all or rather no Ministery like Iulian the Apostate take away presbyterium not presbyteros for Ministers that will be subservient to them like Mr. Marshal shall be much made of The rules and course of Law must be reduc'd indeed they will need no Law for they will rule by the Sword and the Councils of War shall supply all Courts of Justice Prisoners for debt if they have not wherewith to pay must be freed so we may be sure few debts shall be satisfy'd for it is an easie thing so to convey or conceal an Estate as nothing visible will be left for doing right to Creditors None must be compell'd to answer to questions tending to the accusing themselves or their nearest Relations in criminal Causes witness their Orders to make men under great Penalties state their Case in no less matter than Treason therefore this is understood to extend only to the privilege of their own Faction We must alter all Statutes and Customs of Corporations and of imposing Oaths which may be constru'd to the molestation of religious people that is Independents for all others are Greeks and Barbarians Yet these men in how many Letters and Declarations do they say and protest they have no thought of setting up Independency nor to meddle with any thing but what concerns the Soldiery and leave all the rest to the wisdom of the Parliament Indeed they conclude their Proposals with what concerns the Soldiery That provision may be made for payment of Arrears to the Army and the
so confident were they of their innocency tho they knew the malice of their Enemies and their violence and force upon the Parliament But proceedings since have made it clear what Justice they should have found For notwithstanding all this those Horse and Foot were so powerful an argument against them backing the Remonstrance for the exclusive resolution that it was carry'd to expel them the House and Impeachments order'd to be brought in A parallel proceeding to this was never known in Parliament where it has not been refus'd to any especially who were beyond Sea or in truth any where absent upon leave to give a further day upon non-appearance the first and in our Case there was a great deal more reason considering the season of the year the occasion of our departure then look'd upon as a merit our readiness to obey upon the first Summons All this writes but their Injustice and our Oppression in the more Capital Letters 193. I am now coming to the Catastrophe of this Tragedy the last and most horrid Act. The Parliament forc'd to do that which is unnatural against the being of Parliament the end for which it is call'd which has rationem formae in all moral things that is to declare they will make no further address or application to the King receive none from him nor suffer it in others which is as if a Limb should cut it self off from the Body and thereby deprive it self of life and nourishment For the communication between the King and Parliament is that which gives it being and life It is call'd by the King ad colloquium habendum tractatum cum proceribus Regni c. They are the words of the Writ which brings them together Now there is Colloquium Tractatus cut off which was the first unhappy breach between his Majesty and this Parliament and which the Parliament found themselves grieved at that he had withdrawn himself from them so as they could not repair unto him for advice and counsel And in all our Declarations and Messages in the beginning until these people who it seems had projected from the first what they have now acted got to the Helm and steer'd us into this violent tempestuous Course that we neither see our Pole nor use our Compass we still desir'd press'd endeavour'd his Majesty's return to his Parliament But they say he shall not return the Regal Power they have assum'd they will keep it and exercise it They will no longer be fellow Subjects with the rest of the Kingdom but Lords and Masters Those whom they represent and whose substitutes they are they will put under their foot as if an Ambassadour should renounce the Prince that sent him and say he will make his own Dignity real and original which is but representative and deriv'd take away the substance and yet the shadow remain certainly this is exceedingly against nature and will turn all upside down yet this disorder must be made perpetual put out of all possibility of recovery like Death from which there can be no returning For admit the King would grant all that they have desir'd or can desire give them all imaginable security for it it is impossible it should be made known and so cannot be receiv'd and by consequence our Peace never be settled which is casting the Kingdom into a mortal disease putting it past cure past hope 194. To shew by what Magick this Spirit is rais'd you have his fellow Devil immediately call'd up by a Council of War a Declaration comes from his Excellency and the general Council of the Army from Windsor bearing date the 9 th of Ianuary presented to the House the 11 th by Sir Hardress Waller wherein they give their approbation of the Votes say the Parliament in that Address to the King with the four Bills could go no lower without denying that which God in the issue of War had born such testimony unto That they account that great business of a settlement to the Kingdom and security to the publick interest thereof by and with the King's concurrence to be brought to so clear a trial as that upon the King's denyal they can see no further hopes of settlement and security that way therefore upon the consideration of that denyal added to so many other such Votes as had been pass'd that no further application should be made to him c. They do freely and unanimously declare for themselves and the Army that they are resolv'd firmly to adhere with and stand by the Parliament in the things so voted and in what shall be further necessary for the prosecution thereof and for the settling and securing the Parliament and Kingdom without the King and against the King or any other that shall hereafter partake with him 195. And in this I believe them being I am confident the only truth has proceeded from them in all their Declarations or Proposals with relation to his Majesty I would remember them if 't were to any purpose of some of their former professions That it was against their principles to imprison the King that no Peace could be lasting without him and the like But they can blow hot and cold as the fellow in the Fable to make all the Satyrs and almost the Devil himself abhor them as afraid to be outdone by them in his own art of lying and dissembling Therefore I shall not trouble my self any more with blazoning their Coat Armour which is nothing but false colours and base metals Their Impostures Contradictions Falshoods Hypocrisies and damnable Delusions being beyond all Heraldry not to be trick'd within the compass of any Scutcheon 196. I will only add one Scene more of this last Act represented in the House of Commons I do not hear that the House of Peers have had any part in it But the Commons like the Consistory of Rome have spent much time since in hunting out the Premises to infer the Conclusion formerly agreed upon a Declaration or rather rhetorical Invective to perswade mens Affections not convince their Judgments of those enormities in the King which should justly merit and so justifie the resolutions taken concerning him The particulars are such as truly I cannot name withont horror Auferat oblivio si potest si non silentium tegat I would forget that ever such a thing was done by the Parliament I will only say this of that Faction for I look upon it merely as their act and their Army's who have forc'd the House to it as they have to all the rest since the breaking out of their Rebellion the owning them paying them voting their continuance expelling committing impeaching their own Members the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of the City of London doing what not for the encreasing their own shame and setting up their Diana that Idol of confusion That if they themselves believe that to be true which they there relate they are excellent good Patriots and notable Justices to see and not see
punishment and expect mercy neither from God nor Man nay even in relation to the Army and those persons who have a long time sought my ruin if all I desir'd and aim'd at in disbanding that schismatical factious Soldiery in carrying on the business of the House in opposition to that Party and even in this last great Treason of levying War against King Parliament and Kingdom as they stile it which was only to do my best endeavour to defend them and my self from a rebellious Army that was marching up for all our destructions contrary to the Orders of both Houses against whom it first rebell'd instead of an obedient disbanding then cudgel'd them to own it for their Army forc'd the City into a trouble and shew of opposition to what it had made the Parliament do then took that occasion to march both against it and the Parliament If notwithstanding all this in what I did I had any thought of personal revenge or to do the least hurt to any particular person in case we had prevail'd but only to return into the way whence we were put out of a free quiet Parliamentary proceeding to accomplish the great work of settling the Peace both of Church and State let me perish and God who is the searcher of hearts knows I now speak nothing but truth 199. Well then I say if all our endeavours must like an untimely birth come to nothing our hope be cut off our persons destroy'd our integrity innocency fidelity question'd and decry'd our good names traduc'd torn in sunder our memories made to stink to all posterity by the false calumnies of our malicious Enemies and their power in suppressing truth and which is worst for all this is but particular the general the publick the Common wealth once in so fair a way of recovery at the eve of a happy day to be rid of Armies enjoy a Peace hear no more of the Instruments of War but see a blessed composure of all unhappy differences reap the fruits of Justice and Mercy and upon a sudden to find all this but as the hungry man's Dream who is the more empty when he awakes so instead of this solid happiness to embrace a Cloud have nothing but the empty promises of a false deceitful Army and be cast back into a greater gulf of misery and confusion than all the enemies in the World could have brought it into and the latter end to be far worse than the beginning 200. If this be our Portion were I a Heathen I should say with Brutus when he meant to kill himself seeing the assertors of publick Liberty overcome and ruin'd and the Invaders prevail and conquer O misera virtus eras igitur fabula seu verba ego te ut rem colebam exercebam tu autem fortunae serviebas But being a Christian I am taught another Lesson to know that nothing comes by chance God who dos all things in number weight and measure orders and disposes all as may most make for his own Honour and the good of his Church and Children to which even the wickedness of the wicked and these Disorders will conduce tho the wit of Man cannot fathom it therefore I will lay my Hand upon my Mouth and not once whisper because the Lord has done it only take up St. Paul's admiration and with it end crying out O Altitudo O the Depth of the Riches both of the Wisdom and Knowledg of God! How unsearchable are his Iudgments and his Ways past finding out FINIS AN Alphabetical Table A. Accommodation with the King propos'd by the Lords and laid aside by the malignant Party of the Commons p. 9 10. Agitators set up by the Army their Actions 86 87. Receive some check from Cromwel 87 88. Write a Letter against the Parliament 88 89. The Insolence of those that brought it 89. Their extravagant Proposals to Sir Tho. Fairfax in relation to the Parliament c. 171. Allen Treasurer of the Army 135. Concern'd in conveying away a great Sum of Money design'd for the Army 161. Army forsaken of divers brave Officers when it left its Obedience to the Parliament 70. Countenanc'd great Disorders in Churches c 71. Petitions from City and Country to have it disbanded 72. Recruits daily tho it had no Enemy to oppose 72. Hinders the Relief of Ireland 73 76 79 83. Voted to be disbanded but what was necessary for Garisons c. 74. Some of its Officers mutiny 76. Petition for an Indemnity before disbanding c. 77 78. Incens'd by the Officers against the Parliament 83 84. Are rather incourag'd than discountenanc'd by the Officers that were sent to appease them 91. Their Representation to the Parliament 91 92. Address their General against disbanding 94 95. Enter into an Ingagement not to disband 99. Their Representation in which they censure the Parliament's Actions with Contempt 100 101 111. Intermeddle with the Business of the Kingdom contrary to their Protestations 103. Refuse to hear the Parliament's Votes tho in their own favour aud march towards the City 108. Their high Pretences for the good of the People c. 110 112 149. Make the Parliament do what they please 111. Require a Period to be put to it 112. Their insolent Demands of it 113 115 116 163. Their specious Pretences for the King 118. Vpbraid the Parliament for doing what they forc'd 'em to 119. Their pretended Care for the Privileges of Parliament ibid. Manage all Affairs of the Kingdom 142 c. Are compos'd of mean Officers c. 149. Their extravagant Proposals to the Parliament in relation to Church and State 177 181. Their Remonstrance Decemb. 7. 1648. against the Parliament 192 195. which is descanted on 195 197. Make the Parliament act against it self set up for Lords and Masters c. 200 201. Army Party their Actions and Aims 1 5. How they got into Power 6. Their Vsage of the King Queen c. 7. Are for the Covenant c. 13. Misrepresent Affairs to the Scots 14. Begin to shew themselves after Marston-moor Fight 18. Oppose the Lords for medling with a Commoner 20 56. Against putting an end to the War 25 29. Govern by the Sword c. 26. Oppos'd by an honest Party in the House ibid. Frustrated in their Expectation of some they had got chosen 43 44. Indeavour to set the two Kingdoms against each other 45. and the Country against the Scots 49. Amuse the House with strange things against them 52. Break the Law of Nations with relation to the Scots Commissioners 54 55 56. Ioin some Scots Commissioners to the English in the Power of the Militia but with an ill design 57. which they would afterwards have alter'd 58. Would have the Army march into the North against the Scots without the Parliament's Order 61. Hinder the Scots going out of England tho they pretended to be for it 62. Quarrel with 'em about the Person of the King 67 68. Their Designs frustrated by the Scots
Joyce Cornet seizes the King at Holmby with the Commissioners that attended him 97. Order'd to seize the Magazine at Oxford 98. Ireland not to be reliev'd while the Army was kept up here 72. Relief voted them by the Parliament 74. About 2000 willing to go the rest hinder it all they can 76. Such as were willing to relieve it voted Deserters by the Army 115. who require they should be discharg'd tho order'd thither by the Parliament 121. Ireton keeps from the Army to give them opportunity to do their Mischief 84. Lenthal Speaker of the Commons his good Places c. 133. Forsakes the House and joins with the Army 146 147. Is put into his Place again by Fairfax 164. Lesley his Service at Marstonmoor 15. Lewis Sir William Governour of Portsmouth his fair Accounts c. 138 139 175. Lilburn against the eleven Members 141. London for the Parliament and against the Army c. 106. Resent the Parliament's altering their Militia by the Influence of the Army 143 c. Alarm'd by the Army 160. Lords several forsake the House and join with the Army 146 147. The House chuse a new Speaker on the other's leaving ' em 155. Outdo the Commons in Honour of Sir Tho. Fairfax 169. Their Vote concerning what was acted by the Houses when forsaken by their Speakers disagreed to by the Commons 170. Seven of 'em impeach'd of High Treason by the Army 173 191. Are set at liberty 192. M. MAnchester Earl his Charge against Cromwel 18 19 28. Laid aside by the Army 30. Is Speaker of the House of Lords whom he forsakes and joins the Army 146 147. Is put into his Place again by Sir Tho. Fairfax 164. Marshal Chaplain to Skippon too instrumental in the Evils of this Kingdom 107 143. Preaches before the Parliament and extols Sir Tho. Fairfax's Expedition c. 168. Marstonmoor Fight had not been obtain'd but for the Scots 15. Massey Captain stops an Express sending to Scotland committed by the Lords for it but set at liberty 55 56. Massey Major General his Brigade cashier'd tho it had done the greatest Service in the West 70. Is one of the Committee at Derby-house 75. Is made Lieutenant General of the Horse in Ireland 82. Forsaken by the City 163. Maynard Sir John one of the eleven Members tho nothing against him 115. Expel'd the House and sent to the Tower 173. Members of Parliament what their Design in taking up Arms. 4. Are misrepresented by the Army 38. Some of 'em discover the Designs of the Army against the Scots 53. Mildmay Sir Henry has Letters sent him against the Scots 52. Model of the Army c. 30. N. NEwcastle Propositions sent to the King there gave occasion to the Army Party to review 'em all c. 57. Nicklis Mr. the Lawyer concern'd in the Committee of Sequestrations 129. Noel Mr. sent with a Message from the Parliament to the Army 162. North of England suffers by the Scots Army thro the Practice of the Army Party here 49 50. Nye Mr. preaches a Thanksgiving-Sermon before the Commons on Sir Tho. Fairfax's coming to London 168. O. OXford Magazine there kept by the Army from the Parliament 98. P. PAlmer Mr. Herbert influenc'd by Marshal 160. Parliament vote the disbanding of the Army 74. Send for some Officers that had promoted the Petition against it 79. Their Clemency to 'em ill requited 80. Settle the Arrears of the Army 81. Make Sir Tho. Fairfax General of all their Forces ibid. Order the Officers down to the Army but to their own Ruin 90. Too favourable to the Army 92. Appoint a Rendevouz for the Foot in order to disband 93. About to take a severe Course with the Army Party but prevented by Skippon 104. Forc'd to comply with the Army 107 111 116. Resolve to defend themselves and the City against the Army 109 159. Vote the King to Richmond 117 158. Made a mere Cypher by the Army 142 c. Indeavour to prevent Extremities 162. Their Case stated as to the Force put upon 'em and being deserted by their Speaker 165 167. Appoint a Committee to inquire concerning that Force 169. Disagree with the Lords about what the Houses had done when forsaken by their Speakers 170. Afterwards forc'd to comply 173. Constrain'd to act against it self by refusing to make any further Address to the King c. 200. Pelham Mr. Henry chose Speaker of the Commons in the room of Lenthal 156. Pennington Alderman of London favour'd and rewarded by the Army Party 132 133. Petitions from an Army to their Superiors when requir'd to do Service always deem'd a Mutiny 77. Pointz Colonel his Care and Vigilance to prevent the Mischiefs design'd by the Army Party in the North for which he was put out of command 61. Taken by Violence out of his House by the Agitators ibid. Inhumanly treated by ' em 62. Pride Colonel his Equivocation at the Bar of the House about petitioning against disbanding 80. Prideaux Mr. of the Army Party made himself Postmaster of England 133. R. RAbble threaten the House of Commons to cause 'em to pass several Votes 145. Rainsborough Colonel his Regiment refuses to march for Jersey which he connives at yet afterwards made Vice-Admiral 95 96. Riot in Yorkshire 48. Rushworth Secretary to Sir Tho. Fairfax his acting against the eleven Members 126. His Letter to the Speaker against appearing at the House 147. Signs Proposals to the Parliament concerning a new Form of Government 176. S. SAint John Mr. Oliver his Character his underhand Letter to the Committee of Hertfordshire c. 32. His violent and bloody Nature 33. Breaks his Protestation as to Cromwel's being dispens'd with from the self-denying Ordinance 36. His Places of Profit c. 133. Salloway Mr. one of the Committee at Derby-house 75. Savil Lord an Impostor 38. Writes Letters to several Great Men against the Parliament 39. Say Lord rewarded by the Army Party 136. Scawen Mr. brings a sad account of the temper of the Army 108. His Pension 137. Concern'd in conveying away a great Sum order'd for the Army 161. Scots propos'd to be call'd in but obstructed by the Malignants their Character 11 13. After call'd in 12. Made use of only for a pinch 13. Impos'd on by the Malignants 14. Discover the good Intentions of the honest Party in England 20 21. Are represented as having a design to make good their footing here 44. Their Army ill requited 46 65. Are vindicated as to raising of Money in the North on Free Quarter 48. Their Pay kept back 51. Their Ministers of State suspected by the Army Party here to hold Correspondences with the Queen c. 51 52. Their Papers in the House of Commons here not answer'd 53. Their Piety Moderation c. 59. Had no ground to disband their Army unless the English did 63 64. Have a great Sum voted 'em tho with great opposition 66. Deliver up the King to the English 68. Whereby they gain Reputation 69. Are laid aside in the Army's Address to the King at the Isle of Wight 189. Self-denying Ordinance 30. Sequestrations c. 8. Skippon Major General made Commander in chief in Ireland 82. Instrumental in betraying the Parliament c. 88. Excuses the Agitators 90. Prevents the Parliament's proceeding against the Army Party and how 104 105. Refuses to obey the Parliament's Order but on certain Conditions 161 162. Stapleton Sir Philip laid aside by the Army 30. His moderate Pay c. 139. Swifen Mr. imploy'd by the Parliament to the Army 162. T. TIchburn a Linen-draper made Constable of the Tower by Sir Tho. Fairfax 174. V. VANE Sir Henry one of the Parliament's Commissioners with the Army 108. Uxbridg Treaty there 57. W. WAller Sir William order'd from Oxford into the West 22. Laid aside by the Army 30. Is one of the Committee at Derby-house 75. Warmworth Mr. his insolent and ridiculous Speech concerning the Adjutators 89. Warwick Earl one of the Committee at Derby-house 75. One of the Commissioners for disbanding the Army 94. Wentworth Sir Peter gets an Estate for half the value 135. West Colonel discharg'd by Fairfax from being Constable of the Tower 174. Weston Earl of Portland's Son his Reward from the Army 137. White Colonel his Places in the Army c. 135. Wild Serjeant Chairman in the Committee of Sequestrations 129. Gets an Ordinance for the Lady Thornborough's Money is a great Enemy to the eleven Members 134. Willoughby of Parham Lord chose Speaker by the Lords 155. Charg'd with Treason by the Army 191. Wollaston Sir John conveys a great Sum away which was order'd for the Army 161. Wright Robert made use of to give Intelligence of the Scots c. 52. FINIS LEX Parliamentaria or a Treatise of the Law and Custom of the Parliaments of England by G. P. Esq with an Appendix of a Case in Parliament between Sir Francis Goodwin and Sir Iohn Fortescue for the Knights Place for the County of Bucks 1 Iac. 1. Reflections upon what the World commonly calls good Luck and ill Luck with regard to Lotteries and of the good use which may be made of them Written in French by Monsieur Le Clerc and done into English Printed for Tim. Goodwiâ—