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A00997 The Roman histories of Lucius Iulius Florus from the foundation of Rome, till Cæsar Augustus, for aboue DCC. yeares, & from thence to Traian near CC. yeares, divided by Flor[us] into IV. ages. Translated into English.; Epitomae de Tito Livio bellorum omnium annorum DCC libri II. English Florus, Lucius Annaeus.; Pass, Simon van de, 1595?-1647, engraver.; Bolton, Edmund, 1575?-1633? 1619 (1619) STC 11103; ESTC S102361 97,168 532

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the Arsenal he dislodged the enemie who plide him from thence with shot From thence he suddenly escaped to the penile of Pharus Beaten out of that glad to plunge into the sea hee got with admirable good fortune to the next ships by swimming fain to leaue his robe in the waues whether by chance or of purpose that the aduersarie might pelt mawl it with stones and shot in stead of him Receiued at last among his own mariners assailing the enemy in all quarters at once hee paide the ghost of his son in law the vengeance due to it vpon that cowardly and trayterous nation For not onely the kings tutor Theodorus author of the whole warre but not so much also as those maskes of men the Eunuchs Photinus Ganymedes flying by sea and land came to euill ends The yong kings body was found as it lay wallowed vnder mud and known by the honor of a golden curace or brest plate vpon it New stirs were likewise in Asia begun in Pontus fortune watching as it were of set purpose to make this the end of Mithridates kingdom that the father should bee conquer'd by Pompey and the sonne by Caesar. King Pharnaces rather vpon trust of our discord then his owne valour fell vpon Cappadocia with an offensiue armie But Caesar setting vpon him in onely one and that too so to say not an whole battell ground him as it were to dust after the manner of lightning which at one and the same moment of time came hit and went away neither was it a vaine brag which Caesar made of himselfe that the enemie was ouerthrowne there before euer hee set eye vpon him Thus went matters in forreine parts But in Africk the fight of Romans with Romans was more deadly then it had beene in Pharsalia Hither the remaines of the shipwrackt faction were driuen by a certaine pang or fit of fury nor would you call them remaines but a whole and entire warre Pompeis forces were rather scatterd then consumed His tragedy made them more solemne and zealous to fight Nor did the succeeding Generals degenerate For Cato and Scipio founded full enough in the place of Pompeis name Iuba king of Mauritania made one in the quarrell forsooth that Caesar might haue the more to conquer There was therefore no difference nor oddes betweene Pharsalia and Thapsus sauing that the eagernesse of the Caesarians was both the more the more sharpe as chafing that the war grew though Pompey was dead To bee briefe a thing which neuer hapned till then the trumpets sounded a charge through the souldiers forwardnesse without the cōmandement of the General The ouerthrow beganne at Iuba whose elephants not throughly manned to fight and but lately taken wilde out of the woods quite confounded at the sudden shrilnesse forthwith dis-ranked their friends army made that the captaines could not escape by flying all of them comming to their ends remarkably For Scipio was now gotten on ship-boord but his enemies ouertaking him he ran his sword thorow his owne belly one asking after him in search he answered in these very words The Generall is well Iuba gotten into his palace after a royal banquet made to Petreius the companion of his flight among his cuppes and dishes call'd vpon him for a killing And Petreius had enough of that both for the king and himselfe so the viands halfe as it were eaten and the funerall messes swam mixt with royall and Roman bloud together Cato was not at this battell but encamping at Bagrada hee lay for defence of Vtica as at the other maine fort or barre of Africa But hearing the defeat of his partners hee dallied not at all but as it became a wiseman did euen ioyfully hasten his owne death For after hee had embraced and bidden good night to his son and companions hee reposed himselfe awhile in his bed hauing perused by a light Plato's booke of the Immortality of the soule and then about the first releeuing of the watch vnsheathing his sword hee therewith thrust himselfe with a re-enforced stroke into the body After which the physicians presumed to wrong the braue man with laying salues which he permitted till they were out of the roome but then hee rashed them away and the bloud following amaine he left his dying hands in the very wound Warre and sidings brake out againe as fresh as if there had neuer past a stroke in the quarrell and by how much the troubles in Africa were beyond those in Thessaly by so much Spaines surpassed those in Africa the brother linesse of the Generals drew exceeding sauor to that side when for one Pompey there stood vp two The encounters therfore were no where so terrible or hazardous The first conflict was in the very mouth of the maine Ocean Varius and Didius oppositely lieutenants generall but the strife with the sea it selfe was sorer then that of Fleete with Fleete for the Ocean as it were to chastize owne countreymen for their madnesse dasht indifferently of either of their nauies in pieces What a ghastly and hideous sight was that when at one and the same instant seas stormes and tackle fought together Adde to all this the fearefull situation of the place where the shores of Spain and Mauritania on this coast and on that doe offer in a manner to claspe and meete the sea both mediterranean maine Ocean and Hercules pillars opposite mountaines hanging ouer At which time foule weather and fierce battell raged round about After this both parts ranged here there employing themselues in the siege of cities whose case was miserable while betweene the leaders of seuerall sides they smarted deepely for their friendship with the Romans The last battell of all was at Munda Here the fight was not answerable to the felicity of other fights but doubtfull for a long time and discontentiue so as fortune plainely seemed to deliberate vpon the doing of some I know not what thing Certainely Caesar himselfe was seene before the armie sadder then for his wont whether in regard of humane frailty or as suspecting that the excesse of prosperitie would not hold out alwayes or as fearing the same things which Pompey found so soone as once he came to be what Pompey was but in the very battell it selfe after the armies had with equall slaughter done nothing for a long space but kill suddenly the like whereof no man liuing could remember in the most heate of the fight there was a deepe silence on both sides as if they were agreed this was euery ones coneit of it Last of all which Caesar in foureteene yeeres before had neuer seene the selected tride band of his old souldiers an hainous matter gaue backe so that although they fell not as yet to flat running away nothing was playner notwithstanding then that they resisted more for pure shame then valour Caesar therefore putting his horse from him ranne like a mad-man into the head of the battell there hee
into the midst of the open desarts of the country betrayd it to the enemy on all sides Crassus therefore was scarce approached to Carrhae when Syllax and Surena the kings chiefe captaines display'd florisht their flags wouen of silke and gold And presently thereupon the enemies Cauallery gaue in on euery hand powring their shot of arrowes vpon vs as thicke as the drops of haile or raine So the legions beaten miserably to the earth himselfe allured out to a parley had vpon a signe giuen by the enemy come quick into their hands if the resistance of the Tribunes had not moued the barbarous to preuent his escape by killing him That notwithstanding they chopt off his head made themselues merrie with it As for his sonne they ouerwhelm'd him with shot euen almost in his fathers sight The remaines of that vnfortunate host shifting each man for himselfe scatter'd by flight into Armenia Cilicia and Syria did scarce afford a man aliue to bring the newes The head and right hand of Crassus were brought to king Orodes made sport for him nor that vnfitly For they powr'd molten gold in at his open mouth that hee who was on fire with the thirst of gold while hee liued his dead bloudlesse carcase might haue enough thereof to serue his turne CHAP. XII The recapitulation THis is that third transmarine age of the people of Rome in which employing themselues vpon exploits out of Italy they display'd their aduenturous armes ouer the whole earth Of which age the first hundred yeeres were holy pious as we haue already said the age of gold voide of hainous fact or foule black deed all the while the simplenesse and puritie of that shepheardish originall continued and the immiuent feare of the Paenish-men maintain'd among vs ancient discipline The other hundred yeeres which wee reckon from the destruction of Carthage Corinth Numance and from the date of the last will and testament of king Attalus in which hee deuised his kingdome in Asia vp to Caesar and Pompey and to Augustus who followed them as the glorie of martial acts made stately great of so vast domestick mischiefes made wretched worthie to bee blushed at For as it was noble and goodly to haue conquer'd Gallia Thrace and Cilicia most fertil and most powrfull prouinces the Armenians also Britans great names but more for the honour of the empire then for the vses thereof so was it a brutish and a shamefull thing to fight and bicker at home at the same time with our owne citizens associates bondmen fencers and the whole Senate with it selfe And I know not whether it had not beene better for the people of Rome to haue rested content with Sicilia and Africk yea or to haue wanted them also hauing Italie at command then to growe to such greatnesse as to bee consumed with their proper strengths For what other things else bred ciuill furies but the too much ranknesse of prosperitie The first thing which corrupted vs was the conquest of Syria next after that the heritage of the king of Pergamus in Asia The wealth and riches of those countries were the things which crusht vnder them the morall vertues of that age and ouerthrew the cōmonweal drownd in her owne vices as in a common sinke For what cause was there why the people of Rome should stand so hard for fields or foode but as they were driuen by the hunger which prodigalitie had procured From hence therefore sprang the first and second Gracchan seditions that third Appuleian And out of what other ground did it growe that the knights and gentlemen of Rome separated themselues from the Lords to haue soueraigne power in seates of iudgement but meerely out of couetousnes that so they might conuert to priuate lucre the customary paiments due to the State and euen iudgements in law it self This brought in the promise of making all Latium free of Rome from whence rose the war with associats And what bred the warre with bondmen what but the great nūber of them in families whence came the armies of fensers against their owners but for the excessiue prodigality vsed in showes for gaining popular fauour While the Romans giue themselues ouer to showes of sword-players they brought that to bee a profession and Arte which was before those times the punishment of enemies And to touch our more gallant vices was it not ouer-much wealth which stirr'd among vs riualities in honours Or did not the stormes of Marius and Sylla and the magnificent furniture of feasts sumptuous presents rise out of that abundance which are long would bring forth beggerie This was it which made Catiline fall foule vpon his countrey To bee briefe what other fountaine had that very desire in some of soueraignty to rule alone but too much store of wealth But that desire did mutually arme Caesar and Pompey with those mortall enmities which like the furies firebrands set Rome on a bright blaze Our purpose therefore is to handle these ciuill quarrels distinguished from iust and foreine warres in order as they fall CHAP. XIII Of the Gracchan Lawes THe power of the Tribunes stir'd the causes of all seditions vnder pretext of defending the common people for whose helpe that power was ordained but in very truth that the Tribunes might ingrosse absolute authoritie to themselues and for that cause courted the commons for their speciall fauour good will by enacting lawes which allotted them land corne and seates of iudgement gratis There was a colour of equitie in each for what so iust as the people to receiue their right at the hands of the Fathers of the State for them who were the lords of nations and possessors of the earth not to liue like strangers to their owne homes and temples what more reasonable then that the poor should liue vpon their own eschequer what could be more effectuall to make the templer of liberty euen and indifferent then the Senate gouerning prouinces that the cheualrie and gentlemen of Rome to support their authoritie at home should haue the as it were kingdome of iudgement-seates Yet euen these very things turnd pernicious the wofull common-weale came thereby to be the wages of her proper ouerthrow for the cheualrie and inferiour nobles being made iudges which till then the lords of Counsell were they purloynd the publike incomes that is to say the patrimonie of the empire and the paying for the common peoples corn out of the publike money suckt dry the very sinewes of State the treasury and how could the cōmon sort be made landed men without eiecting thē who were already in possession and were themselues also a portion of the people and who held their seates of abode left them from their ancestors by prescription as a title of inheritance CHAP. XIIII The sedition of Tiberius Gracchus TIBERIVS GRACCHVS who had not his equall for birth person eloquence kindled the first firebrand of contention This man