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examinâ—â—_n judgement_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n la._n you_o deny_v not_o but_o by_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o england_n the_o kings-bench_n may_v examine_v the_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n ph._n it_o be_v true_a but_o why_o may_v not_o also_o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n do_v the_o same_o especial_o if_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o judgement_n be_v against_o equity_n and_o not_o against_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o law_n la._n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o that_o for_o the_o same_o court_n may_v examine_v both_o the_o letter_n and_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o statute_n ph._n you_o see_v by_o this_o that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o court_n can_v easy_o be_v distinguish_v but_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o his_o parliament_n the_o lawyer_n themselves_o can_v do_v it_o for_o you_o see_v what_o contention_n there_o be_v between_o court_n as_o well_o as_o between_o particular_a men._n and_o whereas_o you_o say_v that_o law_n of_o 4_o 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render_n shall_v be_v to_o no_o effect_n and_o p._n 73._o he_o say_v far_a that_o in_o this_o court_n the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v sit_v on_o the_o high_a bench_n and_o the_o judge_n of_o that_o court_n on_o the_o low_a bench_n at_o his_o foot_n but_o judicature_n belong_v only_o to_o the_o judge_n of_o that_o court_n and_o in_o his_o presence_n they_o answer_v all_o motion_n ph._n i_o can_v believe_v that_o sir_n edw._n coke_n how_o much_o soever_o he_o desire_v to_o advance_v the_o authority_n of_o himself_o and_o other_o justice_n of_o the_o common-law_n can_v mean_v that_o the_o king_n in_o the_o kings-bench_n sit_v as_o a_o spectator_n only_o and_o may_v not_o have_v answer_v all_o motion_n which_o his_o judge_n answer_v if_o he_o have_v see_v cause_n for_o it_o for_o he_o know_v that_o the_o king_n be_v supreme_a judge_n then_o in_o all_o cause_n temporal_a and_o be_v now_o in_o all_o cause_n both_o temporal_a and_o ecclesiastical_a and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o 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jurisdiction_n in_o cause_n both_o civil_a and_o criminal_a and_o be_v as_o ancient_a a_o court_n at_o least_o as_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n and_o this_o be_v the_o court_n of_o the_o lord_n admiral_n but_o the_o proceed_n therein_o be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o cause_n to_o be_v determine_v there_o be_v such_o as_o arise_v upon_o the_o marine_a sea_n for_o so_o it_o be_v ordain_v by_o divers_a statute_n and_o confirm_v by_o many_o precedent_n ph._n as_o for_o the_o statute_n they_o be_v always_o law_n and_o reason_n also_o for_o they_o be_v make_v by_o the_o assent_n of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n but_o precedent_n be_v judgement_n one_o contrary_a to_o another_o i_o mean_v divers_a man_n in_o divers_a age_n upon_o the_o same_o case_n give_v divers_a judgement_n therefore_o i_o will_v ask_v your_o opinion_n once_o more_o concern_v any_o judgement_n beside_o those_o of_o the_o king_n as_o to_o their_o validity_n in_o law_n but_o what_o 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that_o that_o shall_v be_v against_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o can_v be_v take_v from_o it_o by_o any_o subject_a for_o that_o argument_n of_o sir_n edw._n coke_n that_o the_o king_n have_v give_v away_o all_o his_o judicial_a power_n be_v worth_a nothing_o because_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o he_o can_v give_v away_o the_o essential_a right_n of_o his_o crown_n and_o because_o by_o a_o non-obstante_a he_o declare_v he_o be_v not_o deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n la._n but_o you_o may_v see_v by_o the_o precedent_n allege_v by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n the_o contrary_a have_v be_v perpetual_o practise_v ph._n i_o see_v not_o that_o perpetual_o for_o who_o can_v tell_v but_o there_o may_v have_v be_v give_v other_o judgement_n in_o such_o case_n
so_o nor_o do_v i_o see_v any_o reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a for_o the_o subject_n whether_o they_o come_v into_o the_o family_n have_v no_o title_n at_o all_o to_o demand_v any_o part_n of_o the_o land_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o but_o security_n to_o which_o also_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o contribute_v their_o whole_a strength_n and_o if_o need_v be_v their_o whole_a fortune_n for_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v that_o any_o one_o man_n can_v protect_v all_o the_o rest_n with_o his_o own_o single_a strength_n and_o for_o the_o practice_n it_o be_v manifest_a in_o all_o conquest_n the_o land_n of_o the_o vanquish_a be_v in_o the_o sole_a power_n of_o the_o victor_n and_o at_o his_o disposal_n do_v not_o joshua_n and_o the_o high-priest_n divide_v the_o land_n of_o canaan_n in_o such_o sort_n among_o the_o tribe_n of_o israel_n as_o they_o please_v do_v not_o the_o roman_a and_o grecian_a prince_n and_o state_n according_a to_o their_o own_o discretion_n send_v out_o the_o colony_n to_o inhabit_v such_o province_n as_o they_o have_v conquer_a be_v there_o at_o this_o day_n among_o the_o turk_n any_o inheritor_n of_o land_n beside_o the_o sultan_n and_o be_v not_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n once_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n sir_n edw._n coke_n himself_o confess_v it_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o universal_a truth_n that_o all_o conquer_a land_n present_o after_o victory_n be_v the_o land_n of_o he_o that_o conquer_a they_o la._n but_o you_o know_v that_o all_o sovereign_n be_v say_v to_o have_v a_o double_a capacity_n viz._n a_o natural_a capacity_n as_o he_o be_v a_o man_n and_o a_o a_o politic_a capacity_n as_o a_o king_n in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n i_o grant_v you_o that_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n be_v the_o proper_a and_o only_a owner_n once_o of_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n but_o not_o in_o his_o natural_a capacity_n ph._n if_o he_o have_v they_o in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n than_o they_o be_v so_o his_o own_o as_o not_o to_o dispose_v of_o any_o part_n thereof_o but_o only_o to_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o people_n and_o that_o must_v be_v either_o by_o his_o own_o or_o by_o the_o people_n discretion_n that_o be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o where_o do_v you_o find_v that_o the_o conqueror_n dispose_v of_o his_o land_n as_o he_o do_v some_o to_o englishman_n some_o to_o frenchman_n and_o some_o to_o norman_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o divers_a tenor_n as_o knight-service_n soccage_n etc._n etc._n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o that_o he_o ever_o call_v a_o parliament_n to_o have_v the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o england_n in_o dispose_v of_o those_o land_n he_o have_v take_v from_o they_o or_o for_o retain_v of_o such_o and_o such_o land_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n by_o the_o name_n of_o forest_n for_o his_o own_o recreation_n or_o magnificence_n you_o have_v hear_v perhaps_o that_o some_o lawyer_n or_o other_o man_n repute_v wise_a and_o good_a patriot_n have_v give_v out_o that_o all_o the_o land_n which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v possess_v have_v be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o people_n to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o shall_v therewith_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o their_o war_n and_o pay_v the_o wage_n of_o their_o minister_n and_o that_o those_o land_n be_v gain_v by_o the_o people_n money_n for_o that_o be_v pretend_v in_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n when_o they_o take_v from_o the_o king_n his_o town_n of_o kingston_n upon_o hull_n but_o i_o know_v you_o do_v not_o think_v that_o the_o pretence_n be_v just_a it_o can_v therefore_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o land_n which_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n give_v away_o to_o englishman_n and_o other_o and_o which_o they_o now_o hold_v by_o his_o letter_n patent_n and_o other_o conveyance_n be_v proper_o and_o real_o his_o own_o or_o else_o the_o title_n of_o they_o that_o now_o hold_v they_o must_v be_v invalid_a la._n i_o assent_n as_o you_o have_v show_v i_o the_o begin_n of_o monarchy_n so_o let_v i_o hear_v your_o opinion_n concern_v their_o growth_n ph._n great_a monarchy_n have_v proceed_v from_o small_a family_n first_o by_o war_n wherein_o the_o victor_n not_o only_o enlarge_v his_o territory_n but_o also_o the_o number_n and_o riches_n of_o his_o subject_n as_o for_o other_o form_n of_o commonwealth_n they_o have_v be_v enlarge_v otherways_o first_o by_o a_o voluntary_a conjunction_n of_o many_o lord_n of_o family_n into_o one_o great_a aristocracy_n second_o by_o rebellion_n proceed_v first_o anarchy_n and_o from_o anarchy_n proceed_v any_o form_n that_o the_o calamity_n of_o they_o that_o live_v therein_o do_v prompt_v they_o to_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o they_o choose_v a_o hereditary_a king_n or_o a_o elective_a king_n for_o life_n or_o that_o they_o agree_v upon_o a_o council_n of_o certain_a person_n which_o be_v aristocracy_n or_o a_o council_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n to_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n which_o be_v democracy_n after_o the_o first_o manner_n which_o be_v by_o war_n grow_v up_o all_o the_o great_a kingdom_n in_o the_o world_n viz._n the_o egyptian_a assyrian_a persian_a and_o the_o macedonian_a monarchy_n and_o so_o do_v the_o great_a kingdom_n of_o england_n france_n and_o spain_n the_o second_o manner_n be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o venetian_a aristocracy_n by_o the_o three_o way_n which_o be_v rebellion_n grow_v up_o in_o divers_a great_a monarchy_n perpetual_o change_v from_o one_o form_n to_o another_o as_o in_o rome_n rebellion_n against_o king_n produce_v democracy_n upon_o which_o the_o senate_n usurp_v under_o sylla_n and_o the_o people_n again_o upon_o the_o senate_n under_o marius_n and_o the_o emperor_n usurp_v upon_o the_o people_n under_o caesar_n and_o his_o successor_n la._n do_v you_o think_v the_o distinction_n between_o natural_a and_o politic_a capacity_n be_v insignificant_a ph._n no_o if_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v in_o a_o assembly_n of_o man_n that_o assembly_n whether_o it_o be_v aristocratical_a or_o democratical_a may_v possess_v land_n but_o it_o be_v in_o their_o politic_a capacity_n because_o no_o natural_a man_n have_v any_o right_n to_o those_o land_n or_o any_o part_n of_o they_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n they_o can_v command_v a_o act_n by_o plurality_n of_o command_n but_o the_o command_n of_o any_o one_o of_o they_o be_v of_o no_o effect_n but_o when_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v in_o one_o man_n the_o natural_a and_o politic_a capacity_n be_v in_o the_o same_o person_n and_o as_o to_o possession_n of_o land_n undistinguishable_a but_o as_o to_o the_o act_n and_o command_n they_o may_v be_v well_o distinguish_v in_o this_o manner_n whatsoever_o a_o monarch_n do_v command_v or_o do_v by_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n of_o his_o kingdom_n may_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n and_o whatsoever_o he_o command_v by_o word_n of_o mouth_n only_o or_o by_o letter_n sign_v with_o his_o hand_n or_o seal_v with_o any_o of_o his_o private_a seal_n be_v do_v in_o his_o natural_a capacity_n nevertheless_o his_o public_a command_n though_o they_o be_v make_v in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n have_v their_o original_n from_o his_o natural_a capacity_n for_o in_o the_o make_n of_o law_n which_o necessary_o require_v his_o assent_n his_o assent_n be_v natural_a also_o those_o act_n which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o king_n previous_o to_o the_o pass_v of_o they_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n either_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n or_o warrant_v under_o his_o signet_n or_o privy_a seal_n be_v do_v in_o his_o natural_a capacity_n but_o when_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o seal_n of_o england_n they_o be_v to_o be_v take_v as_o do_v in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n la._n i_o think_v very_o your_o distinction_n be_v good_a for_o natural_a capacity_n and_o politic_a capacity_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o private_a and_o public_a right_n therefore_o leave_v this_o argument_n let_v we_o consider_v in_o the_o next_o place_n as_o far_o as_o history_n will_v permit_v what_o be_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o our_o ancestor_n ph._n the_o saxon_n as_o also_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o germany_n not_o conquer_a by_o the_o roman_a emperor_n nor_o compel_v to_o use_v the_o imperial_a law_n be_v a_o savage_a and_o heathen_a people_n live_v only_o by_o war_n and_o rapine_n and_o as_o some_o learned_a man_n in_o the_o roman_a antiquity_n affirm_v have_v their_o name_n of_o german_n from_o that_o their_o ancient_a trade_n of_o life_n as_o if_o germane_a and_o hommes_fw-fr de_fw-fr guerre_fw-fr were_z all_o one_o their_o rule_n over_o their_o family_n servant_n and_o subject_n be_v absolute_a their_o law_n no_o other_o than_o natural_a equity_n write_v law_n they_o have_v little_a or_o none_o and_o very_o few_o there_o be_v in_o the_o time_n
that_o be_v of_o what_o be_v good_a or_o evil_a to_o each_o sort_n of_o commonwealth_n in_o special_a the_o government_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v either_o democracy_n or_o aristocracy_n or_o oligarchy_n or_o monarchy_n democracy_n be_v that_o wherein_o all_o man_n with_o equal_a right_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o high_a magistracy_n by_o lot_n aristocracy_n be_v that_o wherein_o the_o high_a magistrate_n be_v choose_v out_o of_o those_o that_o have_v the_o best_a education_n according_a to_o what_o the_o law_n prescribe_v for_o best_a oligarchy_n be_v that_o where_o the_o high_a magistrate_n be_v choose_v for_o wealth_n monarchy_n be_v that_o wherein_o one_o man_n have_v the_o government_n of_o all_o which_o government_n if_o he_o limit_v it_o by_o law_n be_v call_v kingdom_n if_o by_o his_o own_o will_n tyranny_n the_o end_n of_o democracy_n or_o the_o people_n government_n be_v liberty_n the_o end_n of_o oligarchy_n be_v the_o riches_n of_o those_o that_o govern._n the_o end_n of_o aristocracy_n be_v good_a law_n and_o good_a order_n of_o the_o city_n the_o end_n of_o monarchy_n or_o king_n be_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n and_o conservation_n of_o his_o own_o authority_n good_a therefore_o in_o each_o sort_n of_o government_n be_v that_o which_o conduce_v to_o these_o their_o end_n and_o because_o belief_n be_v not_o get_v only_o by_o proof_n but_o also_o from_o manner_n the_o manner_n of_o each_o sort_n of_o commonwealth_n ought_v to_o be_v well_o understand_v by_o he_o that_o undertake_v to_o persuade_v or_o dissuade_v in_o matter_n of_o state_n their_o manner_n may_v be_v know_v by_o their_o design_n and_o their_o design_n by_o their_o end_n and_o their_o end_n by_o what_o we_o see_v they_o take_v pleasure_n in_o but_o of_o this_o more_o accurate_o in_o the_o politic_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o colour_n of_o honourable_a and_o dishonourable_a in_o a_o demonstrative_a oration_n the_o subject_n whereof_o be_v praise_n or_o dispraise_v the_o proof_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o element_n of_o honourable_a and_o dishonourable_a in_o this_o place_n we_o anticipate_v the_o second_o way_n of_o get_v belief_n which_o be_v from_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o speaker_n for_o praise_n whether_o it_o come_v in_o as_o the_o principal_a business_n or_o upon_o the_o by_o depend_v still_o upon_o the_o same_o principle_n which_o be_v these_o honourable_a be_v that_o which_o we_o love_v for_o itself_o and_o be_v withal_o laudable_a and_o that_o good_a which_o please_v we_o only_o because_o it_o be_v good_n and_o virtue_n virtue_n be_v the_o faculty_n of_o get_v and_o preserve_v that_o which_o be_v good_a and_o the_o faculty_n of_o do_v many_o and_o great_a thing_n well_o the_o kind_n of_o it_o be_v these_o 1._o justice_n which_o be_v a_o virtue_n whereby_o every_o man_n obtain_v what_o by_o law_n be_v he_o 2._o fortitude_n which_o be_v a_o virtue_n by_o which_o a_o man_n carry_v himself_o honourable_o and_o according_a to_o the_o law_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n 3._o temperance_n which_o be_v a_o virtue_n whereby_o a_o man_n govern_v himself_o in_o matter_n of_o pleasure_n according_a to_o the_o law_n 4._o liberality_n which_o be_v a_o virtue_n by_o which_o we_o benefit_n other_o in_o matter_n of_o money_n 5._o magnanimity_n which_o be_v a_o virtue_n by_o which_o a_o man_n be_v apt_a to_o do_v great_a benefit_n 6._o magnificence_n which_o be_v a_o virtue_n by_o which_o a_o man_n be_v apt_a to_o be_v at_o great_a cost_n 7._o prudence_n which_o be_v a_o intellectual_a virtue_n by_o which_o a_o man_n be_v able_a to_o deliberate_v well_o concern_v any_o good_a lead_n to_o felicity_n and_o honourable_a be_v the_o cause_n and_o effect_n of_o thing_n honourable_a and_o the_o work_n of_o virtue_n and_o the_o sign_n of_o virtue_n and_o those_o action_n the_o reward_n whereof_o be_v honor._n and_o the_o reward_n whereof_o be_v rather_o honour_n than_o money_n and_o that_o which_o we_o do_v not_o for_o our_o own_o sake_n and_o what_o we_o do_v for_o our_o country_n good_a neglect_v our_o own_o and_o those_o thing_n be_v honourable_a which_o good_a of_o themselves_o be_v not_o so_o to_o the_o owner_n and_o those_o thing_n which_o happen_v to_o the_o dead_a rather_o than_o to_o the_o live_n and_o what_o we_o do_v for_o other_o man_n especial_o for_o benefactor_n and_o bestow_v of_o benefit_n and_o the_o contrary_a of_o those_o thing_n we_o be_v ashamed_a of_o and_o those_o thing_n which_o man_n strive_v for_o earnest_o but_o without_o fear_n of_o adversary_n and_o of_o the_o more_o honourable_a and_o better_a man_n the_o virtue_n be_v more_o honourable_a and_o more_o honourable_a be_v the_o virtue_n that_o tend_v to_o other_o man_n benefit_n than_o those_o which_o tend_v to_o one_o own_n and_o honourable_a be_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v just._n and_o revenge_n be_v honourable_a and_o victory_n and_o honour_n and_o monument_n and_o those_o thing_n which_o happen_v not_o ot_fw-mi the_o live_a and_o thing_n that_o excel_v and_o what_o none_o can_v do_v but_o we_o and_o possession_n we_o reap_v no_o profit_n by_o and_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v have_v in_o honour_n particular_o in_o several_a place_n and_o the_o sign_n of_o praise_n and_o to_o have_v nothing_o of_o the_o servile_a mercenary_a or_o mechanic_n and_o that_o which_o seem_v honourable_a namely_o such_o as_o follow_v vice_n confine_v upon_o virtue_n and_o the_o extreme_n of_o virtue_n and_o what_o the_o auditor_n think_v honourable_a and_o that_o which_o be_v in_o estimation_n and_o that_o which_o be_v do_v according_a to_o custom_n beside_o in_o a_o demonstrative_a oration_n the_o orator_n must_v show_v that_o he_o who_o he_o praise_v do_v what_o he_o praise_v unconstrain_o and_o willing_o and_o he_o do_v so_o who_o do_v the_o same_o often_o praise_v be_v speech_n declare_v the_o magnitude_n of_o a_o virtue_n action_n or_o work_n but_o to_o praise_v the_o work_n from_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o worker_n be_v a_o circular_a proof_n to_o magnify_v and_o to_o praise_n differ_v in_o themselves_o as_o felicity_n and_o virtue_n for_o praise_n declare_v a_o man_n virtue_n and_o magnify_v declare_v his_o felicity_n praise_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o invert_v precept_n for_o to_o say_v do_v it_o because_o it_o be_v good_a be_v a_o precept_n but_o to_o say_v he_o be_v good_a because_o he_o do_v it_o be_v praise_n a_o orator_n in_o praise_v must_v also_o use_v the_o form_n of_o amplification_n such_o as_o these_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o do_v it_o the_o only_a man_n that_o do_v it_o the_o special_a man_n that_o do_v it_o he_o do_v it_o with_o disadvantage_n of_o time_n he_o do_v it_o with_o little_a help_n he_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o law_n ordain_v reward_n and_o honour_n for_o such_o action_n further_o he_o that_o will_v praise_v a_o man_n must_v compare_v he_o with_o other_o and_o his_o action_n with_o the_o action_n of_o other_o especial_o with_o such_o as_o be_v renown_v and_o amplification_n be_v more_o proper_a to_o a_o demonstrative_a oration_n than_o to_o any_o other_o for_o here_o the_o action_n be_v confess_v and_o the_o orator_n part_n be_v only_o this_o to_o contribute_v unto_o they_o magnitude_n and_o luster_n chap._n x._o of_o accusation_n and_o defence_n with_o the_o definition_n of_o injury_n in_o a_o judicial_a oration_n which_o consist_v in_o accusation_n and_o defence_n the_o thing_n to_o be_v prove_v be_v that_o injury_n have_v be_v do_v and_o the_o head_n from_o whence_o the_o proof_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v be_v these_o three_o 1._o the_o cause_n that_o move_v to_o injury_n 2._o the_o person_n apt_a to_o do_v injury_n 3._o the_o person_n obnoxious_a or_o apt_a to_o suffer_v injury_n a_o injury_n be_v a_o voluntary_a offend_v of_o another_o man_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n voluntary_a be_v that_o which_o a_o man_n do_v with_o knowledge_n and_o without_o compulsion_n the_o cause_n of_o voluntary_a action_n be_v intemperance_n and_o a_o vicious_a disposition_n concern_v thing_n desirable_a as_o the_o covetous_a man_n do_v against_o the_o law_n out_o of_o a_o intemperate_a desire_n of_o money_n all_o action_n proceed_v either_o from_o the_o doer_n disposition_n or_o not_o those_o that_o proceed_v not_o from_o the_o doer_n disposition_n be_v such_o as_o he_o do_v by_o chance_n by_o compulsion_n or_o by_o natural_a necessity_n those_o that_o proceed_v from_o the_o doer_n disposition_n be_v such_o as_o he_o do_v by_o custom_n or_o upon_o premeditation_n or_o in_o anger_n or_o out_o of_o intemperance_n by_o chance_n be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v those_o thing_n whereof_o neither_o the_o cause_n nor_o the_o scope_n be_v evident_a and_o which_o be_v do_v neither_o orderly_a nor_o always_o nor_o most_o common_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n by_o nature_n be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v those_o thing_n the_o cause_n whereof_o be_v in_o
little_a worth_n if_o they_o tend_v not_o to_o the_o preservation_n and_o improvement_n of_o man_n life_n see_v then_o without_o humane_a law_n all_o thing_n will_v be_v common_a and_o this_o community_n a_o cause_n of_o encroachment_n envy_n slaughter_n and_o continual_a war_n of_o one_o upon_o another_o the_o same_o law_n of_o reason_n dictate_v to_o mankind_n for_o their_o own_o preservation_n a_o distribution_n of_o land_n and_o good_n that_o each_o man_n may_v know_v what_o be_v proper_a to_o he_o so_o as_o none_o other_o may_v pretend_v a_o right_a thereunto_o or_o disturb_v he_o in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o same_o this_o distribution_n be_v justice_n and_o this_o proper_o be_v the_o same_o which_o we_o say_v be_v one_o own_v by_o which_o you_o may_v see_v the_o great_a necessity_n there_o be_v of_o statute_n law_n for_o preservation_n of_o all_o mankind_n it_o be_v also_o a_o dictate_v of_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n that_o statute_n law_n be_v a_o necessary_a mean_n of_o the_o safety_n and_o well_o be_v of_o man_n in_o the_o present_a world_n and_o be_v to_o be_v obey_v by_o all_o subject_n as_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n ought_v to_o be_v obey_v both_o by_o king_n and_o subject_n because_o it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n ph._n all_o this_o be_v very_o rational_a but_o how_o can_v any_o law_n secure_a one_o man_n from_o another_o when_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n be_v so_o unreasonable_a and_o so_o partial_a to_o themselves_o as_o they_o be_v and_o the_o law_n of_o themselves_o be_v but_o a_o dead_a letter_n which_o of_o itself_o be_v not_o able_a to_o compel_v a_o man_n to_o do_v otherwise_o than_o himself_o please_v nor_o punish_v or_o hurt_v he_o when_o he_o have_v do_v a_o mischief_n la._n by_o the_o law_n i_o mean_v law_n live_v and_o arm_a for_o you_o must_v suppose_v that_o a_o nation_n that_o be_v subdue_v by_o war_n to_o a_o absolute_a submission_n of_o a_o conqueror_n it_o may_v by_o the_o same_o arm_n that_o compel_v it_o to_o submission_n be_v compel_v to_o obey_v his_o law_n also_o if_o a_o nation_n choose_v a_o man_n or_o a_o assembly_n of_o man_n to_o govern_v they_o by_o law_n it_o must_v furnish_v he_o also_o with_o arm_a man_n and_o money_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o his_o office_n or_o else_o his_o law_n will_v be_v of_o no_o force_n and_o the_o nation_n remain_v as_o before_o it_o be_v in_o confusion_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n but_o the_o power_n of_o a_o man_n that_o have_v the_o strength_n of_o a_o nation_n that_o make_v the_o law_n effectual_a it_o be_v not_o solon_n that_o make_v athenian_a law_n though_o he_o devise_v they_o but_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o the_o people_n nor_o the_o lawyer_n of_o rome_n that_o make_v the_o imperial_a law_n in_o justinian_n time_n but_o justinian_n himself_o ph._n we_o agree_v then_o in_o this_o that_o in_o england_n it_o be_v the_o king_n that_o make_v the_o law_n whosoever_o pen_n they_o and_o in_o this_o that_o the_o king_n can_v make_v his_o law_n effectual_a nor_o defend_v his_o people_n against_o their_o enemy_n without_o a_o power_n to_o levy_v soldier_n and_o consequent_o that_o he_o may_v lawful_o as_o oft_o as_o he_o shall_v real_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o raise_v a_o army_n which_o in_o some_o occasion_n be_v very_o great_a i_o say_v raise_v it_o and_o money_n to_o maintain_v it_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o you_o will_v allow_v this_o to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n at_o least_o of_o reason_n la._n for_o my_o part_n i_o allow_v it_o but_o you_o have_v hear_v how_o in_o and_o before_o the_o late_a trouble_v the_o people_n be_v of_o another_o mind_n shall_v the_o king_n say_v they_o take_v from_o we_o what_o he_o please_v upon_o pretence_n of_o a_o necessity_n whereof_o he_o make_v himself_o the_o judge_n what_o worse_a condition_n can_v we_o be_v in_o from_o a_o enemy_n what_o can_v they_o take_v from_o we_o more_o than_o what_o they_o list_v ph._n the_o people_n reason_n ill_a they_o do_v not_o know_v in_o what_o condition_n we_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conqueror_n when_o it_o be_v a_o shame_n to_o be_v a_o englishman_n who_o if_o he_o grumble_v at_o the_o base_a office_n he_o be_v put_v to_o by_o his_o norman_a master_n receive_v no_o other_o answer_n but_o this_o thou_o be_v but_o a_o englishman_n nor_o can_v the_o people_n nor_o any_o man_n that_o humour_n they_o in_o their_o disobedience_n produce_v any_o example_n of_o a_o king_n that_o ever_o raise_v any_o excessive_a summ_n either_o by_o himself_o or_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o parliament_n but_o when_o they_o have_v great_a need_n thereof_o nor_o can_v show_v any_o reason_n that_o may_v move_v any_o of_o they_o so_o to_o do_v the_o great_a complaint_n by_o they_o make_v against_o the_o unthriftiness_n of_o their_o king_n be_v for_o the_o enrich_n now_o and_o then_o a_o favourite_n which_o to_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v inconsiderable_a and_o the_o complaint_n but_o envy_n but_o in_o this_o point_n of_o raise_v soldier_n what_o be_v i_o pray_v you_o the_o statute_n law_n la._n the_o last_o statute_n concern_v it_o be_v 13_o car._n 2._o c._n 6._o by_o which_o the_o supreme_a government_n command_n and_o dispose_v of_o the_o militia_n of_o england_n be_v deliver_v to_o be_v and_o always_o to_o have_v be_v the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o there_o be_v also_o in_o the_o same_o act_n a_o proviso_n that_o this_o shall_v not_o be_v construe_v for_o a_o declaration_n that_o the_o king_n may_v transport_v his_o subject_n or_o compel_v they_o to_o march_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o be_v it_o on_o the_o contrary_n declare_v to_o be_v unlawful_a ph._n why_o be_v not_o that_o also_o determine_v la._n i_o can_v imagine_v cause_n enough_o for_o it_o though_o i_o may_v be_v deceive_v we_o love_v to_o have_v our_o king_n among_o we_o and_o not_o be_v govern_v by_o deputy_n either_o of_o our_o own_o or_o another_o nation_n but_o this_o i_o very_o believe_v that_o if_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n shall_v either_o invade_v we_o or_o put_v himself_o in_o it_o a_o readiness_n to_o invade_v either_o england_n ireland_n or_o scotland_n no_o parliament_n then_o sit_v and_o the_o king_n send_v english_a soldier_n thither_o the_o parliament_n will_v give_v he_o thanks_o for_o it_o the_o subject_n of_o those_o king_n who_o affect_v the_o glory_n and_o imitate_v the_o action_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a have_v not_o always_o the_o most_o comfortable_a life_n nor_o do_v such_o king_n usual_o very_o long_o enjoy_v their_o conquest_n they_o march_z to_z and_o fro_o perpetual_o as_o upon_o a_o plank_n sustain_v only_o in_o the_o midst_n and_o when_o one_o end_n rise_v down_o go_v the_o other_o ph._n it_o be_v well_o but_o where_o soldier_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n conscience_n be_v indeed_o necessary_a as_o in_o a_o insurrection_n or_o rebellion_n at_o home_n how_o shall_v the_o kingdom_n be_v preserve_v without_o a_o considerable_a army_n ready_a and_o in_o pay_v how_o shall_v money_n be_v raise_v for_o this_o army_n especial_o when_o the_o want_n of_o public_a treasure_n invit_v neighbour_n king_n to_o encroach_v and_o unruly_a subject_n to_o rebel_n la_fw-fr i_o can_v tell_v it_o be_v matter_n of_o polity_n not_o of_o law_n but_o i_o know_v that_o there_o be_v statute_n express_v whereby_o the_o king_n have_v oblige_v himself_o never_o to_o levy_v money_n upon_o his_o subject_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o parliament_n one_o of_o which_o statute_n be_v 25_o ed._n 1._o c._n 6._o in_o these_o word_n we_o have_v grant_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n as_o well_o to_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o other_o folk_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n as_o also_o earl_n baron_n and_o to_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o land_n that_o for_o no_o business_n from_o henceforth_o we_o shall_v take_v such_o aid_n tax_n or_o prize_n but_o by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v also_o another_o statute_n of_o ed._n 1._o in_o these_o word_n no_o tax_n or_o aid_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o levey_v by_o we_o or_o our_o heir_n in_o our_o realm_n without_o the_o good_a will_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n earls_z baron_n knight_n burgess_n and_o other_o freeman_n of_o the_o land_n which_o statute_n have_v be_v since_o that_o time_n confirm_v by_o divers_a other_o king_n and_o last_o by_o the_o king_n that_o now_o reign_v ph._n all_o this_o i_o know_v and_o be_o not_o satisfy_v i_o be_o one_o of_o the_o common_a people_n and_o one_o of_o that_o almost_o infinite_a number_n of_o man_n for_o who_o welfare_n king_n and_o other_o sovereign_n be_v by_o god_n ordain_v for_o
god_n make_v king_n for_o the_o people_n and_o not_o people_n for_o king_n how_o shall_v i_o be_v defend_v from_o the_o domineer_a of_o proud_a and_o insolent_a stranger_n that_o speak_v another_o language_n that_o scorn_v we_o that_o seek_v to_o make_v we_o slave_n or_o how_o shall_v i_o avoid_v the_o destruction_n that_o may_v arise_v from_o the_o cruelty_n of_o faction_n in_o a_o civil_a war_n unless_o the_o king_n to_o who_o alone_o you_o say_v belong_v the_o right_a of_o levy_v and_o dispose_v of_o the_o militia_n by_o which_o only_o it_o can_v be_v prevent_v have_v ready_a money_n upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o arm_n and_o pay_v as_o many_o soldier_n as_o for_o the_o present_a defence_n or_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v necessary_a shall_v not_o i_o and_o you_o and_o every_o man_n be_v undo_v tell_v i_o not_o of_o a_o parliament_n when_o there_o be_v no_o parliament_n sit_v or_o perhaps_o none_o in_o be_v which_o may_v often_o happen_v and_o when_o there_o be_v a_o parliament_n if_o the_o speak_n and_o lead_v man_n shall_v have_v a_o design_n to_o put_v down_o monarchy_n as_o they_o have_v in_o the_o parliament_n which_o begin_v to_o sit_v nou._n 3._o 1640._o shall_v the_o king_n who_o be_v to_o answer_v to_o god_n almighty_a for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n and_o to_o that_o end_n be_v entrust_v with_o the_o power_n to_o levy_v and_o dispose_v of_o the_o soldiery_n be_v disable_v to_o perform_v his_o office_n by_o virtue_n of_o these_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o you_o have_v cite_v if_o this_o be_v reason_n it_o be_v reason_n also_o that_o the_o people_n be_v abandon_v or_o leave_v at_o liberty_n to_o kill_v one_o another_o even_o to_o the_o last_o man_n if_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n than_o you_o have_v grant_v it_o be_v not_o law_n la._n it_o be_v true_a if_o you_o mean_v recta_fw-la ratio_fw-la but_o recta_fw-la ratio_fw-la which_o i_o grant_v to_o be_v law_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v 1_o inst._n sect._n 138._o be_v a_o artificial_a perfection_n of_o reason_n get_v by_o long_a study_n observation_n and_o experience_n and_o not_o every_o man_n natural_a reason_n for_o nemo_fw-la nascitur_fw-la artifex_n this_o legal_a reason_n be_v summa_fw-la ratio_fw-la and_o therefore_o if_o all_o the_o reason_n that_o be_v disperse_v into_o so_o many_o several_a head_n be_v unite_v into_o one_o yet_o can_v he_o not_o make_v such_o a_o law_n as_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v because_o by_o many_o succession_n of_o age_n it_o have_v be_v fine_v and_o refined_a by_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o grave_a and_o learned_a men._n and_o this_o be_v it_o he_o call_v the_o common-law_n ph._n do_v you_o think_v this_o to_o be_v good_a doctrine_n though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o no_o man_n be_v bear_v with_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n yet_o all_o man_n may_v grow_v up_o to_o it_o as_o well_o as_o lawyer_n and_o when_o they_o have_v apply_v their_o reason_n to_o the_o law_n which_o be_v law_n before_o they_o study_v they_o or_o else_o it_o be_v not_o law_n they_o study_a may_v be_v as_o fit_v for_o and_o capable_a of_o judicature_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n himself_o who_o whether_o he_o have_v more_o or_o less_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v not_o thereby_o a_o judge_n but_o because_o the_o king_n make_v he_o so_o and_o whereas_o he_o say_v that_o a_o man_n who_o shall_v have_v as_o much_o reason_n as_o be_v disperse_v in_o so_o many_o several_a head_n can_v not_o make_v such_o a_o law_n as_o this_o law_n of_o england_n be_v if_o one_o shall_v ask_v he_o who_o make_v the_o law_n of_o england_n will_v he_o say_v a_o succession_n of_o english_a lawyer_n or_o judge_n make_v it_o or_o rather_o a_o succession_n of_o king_n and_o that_o upon_o their_o own_o reason_n either_o sole_o or_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n without_o the_o judge_n or_o other_o professor_n of_o the_o law_n you_o see_v therefore_o that_o the_o king_n reason_n be_v it_o more_o or_o less_o be_v that_o anima_fw-la legis_fw-la that_o summa_fw-la lex_fw-la whereof_o sir_n edw._n coke_n speak_v and_o not_o the_o reason_n learning_n or_o wisdom_n of_o the_o judge_n but_o you_o may_v see_v that_o quite_o through_o his_o institutes_n of_o law_n he_o often_o take_v occasion_n to_o magnify_v the_o learning_n of_o the_o lawyer_n who_o he_o perpetual_o term_v the_o sage_n of_o the_o parliament_n or_o of_o the_o king_n council_n therefore_o unless_o you_o say_v otherwise_o i_o say_v that_o the_o king_n reason_n when_o it_o be_v public_o upon_o advice_n and_o deliberation_n declare_v be_v that_o anima_fw-la legis_fw-la and_o that_o summa_fw-la ratio_fw-la and_o that_o equity_n which_o all_o agree_v to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n be_v all_o that_o be_v or_o ever_o be_v law_n in_o england_n since_o it_o become_v christian_n beside_o the_o bible_n la._n be_v not_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n as_o also_o the_o imperial_a law_n use_v in_o the_o admiralty_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o particular_a place_n and_o the_o by-law_n of_o corporation_n and_o court_n of_o judicature_n ph._n why_o not_o for_o they_o be_v all_o constitute_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o though_o the_o civil_a law_n use_v in_o the_o admiralty_n be_v at_o first_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n yet_o because_o they_o be_v in_o force_n by_o no_o other_o authority_n than_o that_o of_o the_o king_n they_o be_v now_o the_o king_n law_n and_o the_o king_n statute_n the_o same_o we_o may_v say_v of_o the_o canon_n such_o of_o they_o as_o we_o have_v retain_v make_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v be_v no_o law_n nor_o of_o any_o force_n in_o england_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n la._n in_o the_o say_a statute_n that_o restrain_v the_o levy_v of_o money_n without_o consent_n of_o parliament_n be_v there_o any_o thing_n you_o can_v take_v exception_n to_o ph._n no_o i_o be_o satisfy_v that_o the_o king_n that_o grant_v such_o liberty_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v they_o good_a so_o far_o as_o it_o may_v be_v do_v without_o sin_n but_o if_o a_o king_n find_v that_o by_o such_o a_o grant_v he_o be_v disable_v to_o protect_v his_o subject_n if_o he_o maintain_v his_o grant_n he_o sin_n and_o therefore_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o say_a grant_n for_o such_o grant_v as_o by_o error_n or_o false_a suggestion_n be_v get_v from_o he_o be_v as_o the_o lawyer_n do_v confess_v void_a and_o of_o no_o effect_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v recall_v also_o the_o king_n as_o be_v on_o all_o hand_n confess_v have_v the_o charge_n lie_v upon_o he_o to_o protect_v his_o people_n against_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n betwixt_o they_o within_o the_o kingdom_n if_o he_o do_v not_o his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o discharge_v himself_o thereof_o he_o commit_v a_o sin_n which_o neither_o king_n nor_o parliament_n can_v lawful_o commit_v la._n no_o man_n i_o think_v will_v deny_v this_o for_o if_o levy_v of_o money_n be_v necessary_a it_o be_v a_o sin_n in_o the_o parliament_n to_o refuse_v if_o unnecessary_a it_o be_v a_o sin_n both_o in_o king_n and_o parliament_n to_o levy_v but_o for_o all_o that_o it_o may_v be_v and_o i_o think_v it_o be_v a_o sin_n in_o any_o one_o that_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v he_o one_o man_n or_o one_o assembly_n be_v entrust_v with_o the_o safety_n of_o a_o whole_a nation_n if_o rash_o and_o rely_v upon_o his_o own_o natural_a sufficiency_n he_o make_v war_n or_o peace_n without_o consult_v with_o such_o as_o by_o their_o experience_n and_o employment_n abroad_o and_o intelligence_n by_o letter_n or_o other_o mean_n have_v get_v the_o knowledge_n in_o some_o measure_n of_o the_o strength_n advantage_n and_o design_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o manner_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o danger_n that_o may_v from_o thence_o arise_v in_o like_a manner_n in_o case_n of_o rebellion_n at_o home_n if_o he_o consult_v not_o with_o of_o military_a condition_n which_o if_o he_o do_v than_o i_o think_v he_o may_v lawful_o proceed_v to_o subdue_v all_o such_o enemy_n and_o rebel_n and_o that_o the_o soldier_n ought_v to_o go_v on_o without_o inquire_v whether_o they_o be_v within_o the_o country_n or_o without_o for_o who_o shall_v suppress_v rebellion_n but_o he_o that_o have_v right_o to_o levy_v command_n and_o dispose_v of_o the_o militia_n the_o last_o long_a parliament_n deny_v this_o but_o why_o because_o by_o the_o major_a part_n of_o their_o vote_n the_o rebellion_n be_v raise_v with_o design_n to_o put_v down_o monarchy_n and_o to_o that_o end_n maintain_v ph._n nor_o do_v
enemy_n there_o be_v no_o end_n for_o the_o war_n will_v continue_v by_o a_o perpetual_a subdivision_n and_o when_o it_o end_v they_o will_v be_v in_o the_o same_o estate_n they_o be_v before_o that_o they_o be_v often_o abuse_v by_o man_n who_o to_o they_o seem_v wise_a when_o then_o their_o wisdom_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o envy_n to_o those_o that_o be_v in_o grace_n and_o in_o profitable_a employment_n and_o that_o those_o man_n do_v but_o abuse_v the_o common_a people_n to_o their_o own_o end_n that_o set_v up_o a_o private_a man_n propriety_n against_o the_o public_a safety_n but_o say_v withal_o that_o the_o king_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n both_o write_a and_o unwritten_a and_o to_o no_o other_o and_o so_o be_v william_n the_o conqueror_n who_o right_a it_o all_o descend_v to_o our_o present_a king_n la._n as_o to_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n which_o be_v equity_n it_o be_v sure_a enough_o there_o be_v but_o one_o legislator_n which_o be_v god_n ph._n it_o follow_v then_o that_o which_o you_o call_v the_o common-law_n distinct_a from_o statute-law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o law_n of_o god_n la._n in_o some_o sense_n it_o be_v but_o it_o be_v not_o gospel_n but_o natural_a reason_n and_o natural_a equity_n ph._n will_v you_o have_v every_o man_n to_o every_o other_o man_n allege_v for_o law_n his_o own_o particular_a reason_n there_o be_v not_o among_o man_n a_o universal_a reason_n agree_v upon_o in_o any_o nation_n beside_o the_o reason_n of_o he_o that_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n yet_o though_o his_o reason_n be_v but_o the_o reason_n of_o one_o man_n yet_o it_o be_v set_v up_o to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o that_o universal_a reason_n which_o be_v expound_v to_o we_o by_o our_o saviour_n in_o the_o gospel_n and_o consequent_o our_o king_n be_v to_o we_o the_o legislator_n both_o of_o statute-law_n and_o of_o common-law_n la._n yes_o i_o know_v that_o the_o law_n spiritual_a which_o have_v be_v law_n in_o this_o kingdom_n since_o the_o abolish_n of_o popery_n be_v the_o king_n law_n and_o those_o also_o that_o be_v make_v before_o for_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n be_v no_o law_n neither_o here_o nor_o any_o where_o else_o without_o the_o pope_n temporal_a dominion_n far_o than_o king_n and_o state_n in_o their_o several_a dominion_n respective_o do_v make_v they_o so_o ph._n i_o grant_v that_o but_o you_o must_v grant_v also_o that_o those_o spiritual_a law_n legislator_n of_o the_o spiritual_a law_n and_o yet_o not_o all_o king_n and_o state_n make_v law_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o but_o our_o king_n here_o be_v so_o far_o bind_v to_o their_o assent_n as_o he_o shall_v judge_v conduce_v to_o the_o good_a and_o safety_n of_o his_o people_n for_o example_n if_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o shall_v advise_v he_o to_o restore_v those_o law_n spiritual_a which_o in_o queen_n mary_n time_n be_v in_o force_n i_o think_v the_o king_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n oblige_v without_o the_o help_n of_o any_o other_o law_n of_o god_n to_o neglect_v such_o advice_n la._n i_o grant_v you_o that_o the_o king_n be_v sole_a legislator_n but_o with_o this_o restriction_n that_o if_o he_o will_v not_o consult_v with_o the_o lord_n of_o parliament_n and_o hear_v the_o complaint_n and_o information_n of_o the_o commons_o that_o be_v best_a acquaint_v with_o their_o own_o want_n he_o sin_v against_o god_n though_o he_o can_v be_v compel_v to_o any_o thing_n by_o his_o subject_n by_o arm_n and_o force_n ph._n we_o be_v agree_v upon_o that_o already_o since_o therefore_o the_o king_n be_v sole_a legislator_n i_o think_v it_o also_o reason_n he_o shall_v be_v sole_a supreme_a judge_n la._n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n of_o that_o for_o otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v no_o congruity_n of_o judgement_n with_o the_o law_n i_o grant_v also_o that_o he_o be_v the_o supreme_a judge_n over_o all_o person_n judge_n and_o in_o all_o cause_n civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a within_o his_o own_o dominion_n not_o only_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n at_o this_o time_n but_o that_o he_o have_v ever_o be_v so_o by_o the_o common-law_n for_o the_o judge_n of_o both_o the_o bench_n have_v their_o office_n by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n and_o so_o as_o to_o judicature_n have_v the_o bishop_n also_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n have_v his_o office_n by_o receive_v from_o the_o king_n the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n and_o to_o say_v all_o at_o once_o there_o be_v no_o magistrate_n or_o commissioner_n for_o public_a business_n neither_o of_o judicature_n nor_o execution_n in_o state_n or_o church_n in_o peace_n or_o war_n but_o he_o be_v make_v so_o by_o authority_n from_o the_o king_n ph._n it_o be_v true_a but_o perhaps_o you_o may_v â—â—ink_v otherwise_o when_o you_o read_v such_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o say_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v â—ave_n power_n and_o authority_n to_o do_v this_o or_o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o act_n as_o eliz._n c._n 1._o that_o your_o highness_n your_o heir_n and_o successor_n king_n or_o queen_n of_o this_o realm_n shall_v have_v â—â—ll_v power_n and_o authority_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o act_n by_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n to_o assign_v etc._n etc._n be_v it_o not_o this_o parliament_n that_o give_v this_o authority_n to_o the_o queen_n la._n for_o the_o statute_n in_o this_o clause_n be_v no_o more_o than_o as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n use_v to_o speak_v a_o affirmance_n of_o the_o common-law_n for_o she_o be_v head_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n may_v make_v commissioner_n for_o the_o deâ—iding_n of_o matter_n ecclesiastical_a as_o free_o â—s_v if_o she_o have_v be_v pope_n who_o do_v you_o know_v pretend_v his_o right_n from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n ph._n we_o have_v hitherto_o speak_v of_o law_n without_o consider_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o essence_n of_o a_o law_n and_o now_o unless_o we_o define_v the_o word_n law_n we_o can_v go_v no_o â—arther_o without_o ambiguity_n and_o fallacy_n which_o will_v be_v but_o loss_n of_o time_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o agreement_n upon_o our_o word_n will_v enlighten_v all_o we_o have_v to_o say_v â—hereafter_o la._n i_o do_v not_o remember_v the_o definition_n of_o law_n in_o any_o statute_n ph._n i_o think_v so_o for_o the_o statute_n be_v make_v by_o authority_n and_o not_o draw_v from_o any_o other_o principle_n than_o the_o care_n of_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n statute_n be_v not_o philosophy_n as_o be_v the_o common-law_n and_o other_o disputable_a art_n but_o be_v command_n or_o prohibition_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v obey_v because_o assent_v to_o by_o submission_n make_v to_o the_o conqueror_n here_o in_o england_n and_o to_o whosoever_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n in_o other_o common_a wealth_n so_o that_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o all_o place_n be_v statute_n the_o definition_n of_o law_n be_v therefore_o unnecessary_a for_o the_o maker_n of_o statute_n though_o very_o necessary_a to_o they_o who_o work_n it_o be_v to_o teach_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o law_n la._n there_o be_v a_o accurate_a definition_n of_o a_o law_n in_o bracton_n cite_v by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n lex_fw-la est_fw-la sanctio_fw-la justa_fw-la jubens_fw-la honesta_fw-la &_o prohibens_fw-la contraria_fw-la ph._n that_o be_v to_o say_v law_n be_v a_o just_a statute_n command_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v honest_a and_o forbid_v the_o contrary_a from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o in_o all_o case_n it_o must_v be_v the_o honesty_n or_o dishonesty_n that_o make_v the_o command_n a_o law_n whereas_o you_o know_v that_o but_o for_o the_o law_n we_o can_v not_o as_o say_v st._n paul_n have_v know_v what_o be_v sin_n therefore_o this_o definition_n be_v no_o ground_n at_o all_o for_o any_o far_a discourse_n of_o law_n beside_o you_o know_v the_o rule_n of_o honest_a and_o dishonest_a refer_v to_o honour_n and_o that_o it_o be_v justice_n only_o and_o injustice_n that_o the_o law_n respect_v but_o that_o which_o i_o most_o except_v against_o in_o this_o definition_n be_v that_o it_o suppose_v that_o a_o statute_n make_v by_o the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o a_o nation_n may_v be_v unjust_a there_o may_v indeed_o in_o a_o statute_n law_n make_v by_o man_n be_v find_v iniquity_n but_o not_o injustice_n la._n this_o be_v somewhat_o subtle_a i_o pray_v deal_v plain_o what_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o injustice_n and_o iniquity_n ph._n i_o pray_v you_o tell_v i_o first_o what_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o a_o court_n of_o equity_n la._n a_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v that_o which_o have_v cognizance_n of_o such_o cause_n as_o be_v to_o be_v end_v by_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o a_o
the_o sustain_n of_o his_o sovereign_a power_n be_v to_o destroy_v the_o propriety_n he_o pretend_v to_o the_o next_o thing_n i_o will_v ask_v you_o be_v how_o you_o distinguish_v between_o law_n and_o right_n or_o lex_fw-la and_o jus._n la._n sir_n ed._n coke_n in_o divers_a place_n make_v lex_n and_o jus_n to_o be_v the_o same_o and_o so_o lex_fw-la communis_fw-la and_o jus_fw-la communis_fw-la to_o be_v all_o one_o nor_o do_v i_o find_v that_o he_o do_v in_o any_o place_n distinguish_v they_o ph._n then_o will_v i_o distinguish_v they_o and_o make_v you_o judge_v whether_o my_o distinction_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o be_v know_v by_o every_o author_n of_o the_o common_a law_n for_o law_n oblige_v i_o to_o do_v or_o forbear_v the_o do_v of_o something_o and_o therefore_o it_o lie_v upon_o i_o a_o obligation_n but_o my_o right_n be_v a_o liberty_n leave_v i_o by_o the_o law_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n which_o the_o law_n forbid_v i_o not_o and_o to_o leave_v undo_v any_o thing_n which_o the_o law_n command_v i_o not_o do_v sir_n ed._n coke_n see_v no_o difference_n between_o be_v bind_v and_o be_v free_a la._n i_o know_v not_o what_o he_o be_v but_o he_o have_v not_o mention_v it_o though_o a_o man_n may_v dispense_v with_o his_o own_o liberty_n that_o can_v do_v so_o with_o the_o law_n ph._n but_o what_o be_v you_o better_o for_o your_o right_n if_o a_o rebellious_a company_n at_o home_n or_o a_o enemy_n from_o abroad_o take_v away_o the_o good_n or_o dispossess_v you_o of_o the_o land_n you_o have_v a_o right_n to_o can_v you_o be_v defend_v or_o repair_v but_o by_o the_o strength_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n what_o reason_n therefore_o can_v be_v give_v by_o a_o man_n that_o endeavour_n to_o preserve_v his_o propriety_n why_o he_o shall_v deny_v or_o malign_o contribute_v to_o the_o strength_n that_o shall_v defend_v he_o or_o repair_v he_o let_v we_o see_v now_o what_o your_o book_n say_v to_o this_o point_n and_o other_o point_n of_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n bracton_n the_o most_o authentic_a author_n of_o the_o common_a law_n fol._n 55._o say_v thus_o ipse_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la habet_fw-la omne_fw-la jura_n in_fw-la manu_fw-la suâ_fw-la est_fw-la dei_fw-la vicarius_fw-la habet_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la pacis_fw-la habet_fw-la etiam_fw-la coercionem_fw-la ut_fw-la delinquentes_fw-la puniat_fw-la habet_fw-la in_o potestate_fw-la suâ_fw-la leges_fw-la nihil_fw-la enim_fw-la prodest_fw-la jura_n condere_fw-la nisi_fw-la sit_fw-la qui_fw-la jura_n tueatur_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v our_o lord_n the_o king_n have_v all_o right_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n be_v god_n vicar_n he_o have_v all_o that_o concern_v the_o peace_n he_o have_v the_o power_n to_o punish_v delinquent_n all_o the_o law_n be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o make_v law_n be_v to_o no_o purpose_n unless_o there_o be_v somebody_o to_o make_v they_o obey_v if_o bracton_n law_n be_v reason_n as_o i_o and_o you_o think_v it_o be_v what_o temporal_a power_n be_v there_o which_o the_o king_n have_v not_o see_v that_o at_o this_o day_n all_o the_o power_n spiritual_n which_o bracton_n allow_v the_o pope_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o crown_n what_o be_v there_o that_o the_o king_n can_v do_v except_v sin_n against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o same_o bracton_n lib._n 21._o c._n 8._o say_v thus_o si_fw-la autem_fw-la a_o rege_fw-la petitur_fw-la cum_fw-la breve_fw-la non_fw-la curret_fw-la contra_fw-la ipsum_fw-la locus_fw-la erit_fw-la supplicationi_fw-la quod_fw-la factum_fw-la suum_fw-la corrigat_fw-la &_o emendet_fw-la quod_fw-la quidem_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la fecerit_fw-la satis_fw-la sufficit_fw-la ad_fw-la poenam_fw-la quod_fw-la dominum_fw-la expectet_fw-la vltorem_fw-la nemo_fw-la quidem_fw-la de_fw-la factis_fw-la ejus_fw-la praesumat_fw-la disputare_fw-la multo_fw-la fortius_fw-la contra_fw-la factum_fw-la ejus_fw-la venire_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o any_o thing_n be_v demand_v of_o the_o king_n see_v a_o writ_n lie_v not_o against_o he_o he_o be_v put_v to_o his_o petition_n pray_v he_o to_o correct_v and_o amend_v his_o own_o fact_n which_o if_o he_o will_v not_o do_v it_o be_v a_o sufficient_a penalty_n for_o he_o that_o he_o be_v to_o expect_v a_o punishment_n from_o the_o lord_n no_o man_n may_v presume_v to_o dispute_v of_o what_o he_o do_v much_o less_o to_o resist_v he_o you_o see_v by_o this_o that_o this_o doctrine_n concern_v the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n so_o much_o cry_v down_o by_o the_o long_a parliament_n be_v the_o ancient_a common-law_n and_o that_o the_o only_a bridle_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n aught_o to_o be_v the_o fear_n of_o god_n and_o again_o bracton_n c._n 24._o of_o the_o second_o book_n say_v that_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n can_v be_v grant_v away_o ea_fw-la vero_fw-la quae_fw-la jurisdictionis_fw-la &_o pacis_fw-la &_o ea_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la justitiae_fw-la &_o paci_n annexa_fw-la ad_fw-la nullum_fw-la pertinent_a nisi_fw-la ad_fw-la coronam_fw-la &_o dignitatem_fw-la regiam_fw-la nec_fw-la a_o corona_n separari_fw-la possunt_fw-la nec_fw-la a_o privata_fw-la persona_fw-la possideri_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v those_o thing_n which_o belong_v to_o jurisdiction_n and_o peace_n and_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v annex_v to_o justice_n and_o peace_n appertain_v to_o none_o but_o to_o the_o crown_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o king_n nor_o can_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o crown_n nor_o be_v possess_v by_o a_o private_a person_n again_o you_o will_v find_v in_o fleta_n a_o law-book_n write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n 2._o that_o liberty_n though_o grant_v by_o the_o king_n if_o they_o tend_v to_o the_o hindrance_n of_o justice_n or_o subversion_n of_o the_o regal_a power_n be_v not_o to_o be_v use_v nor_o allow_v for_o in_o that_o book_n c._n 20._o concern_v article_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o the_o justice_n itinerant_a be_v to_o inquire_v of_o the_o 54th_o article_n be_v this_o you_o shall_v inquire_v 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subject_n or_o raise_v of_o faction_n controversy_n debate_n or_o any_o other_o manner_n of_o misgovernment_n four_o it_o may_v hold_v plea_n by_o writ_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n of_o all_o trespass_n do_v vi_o &_o armis_fw-la five_o it_o have_v power_n to_o hold_v plea_n by_o bill_n for_o debt_n detinu_n covenant_n promise_v and_o all_o other_o personal_a action_n but_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n in_o action_n real_a he_o say_v nothing_o save_v that_o if_o a_o writ_n in_o a_o real_a action_n be_v abate_v by_o judgement_n in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n and_o that_o the_o judgement_n be_v by_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n reverse_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n than_o the_o kings-bench_n may_v proceed_v upon_o the_o writ_n ph._n but_o how_o be_v the_o practice_n la._n real_a action_n be_v common_o decide_v as_o well_o in_o the_o kings-bench_n as_o in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n ph._n when_o the_o kng_v by_o authority_n in_o write_v make_v a_o 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chief_a justice_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n ph._n methinks_v it_o be_v very_o plain_a by_o these_o letter_n patent_n that_o all_o cause_n temporal_a within_o the_o kingdom_n except_o the_o plea_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o exchequer_n shall_v be_v decidable_a by_o this_o lord-chief-justice_n for_o as_o for_o cause_n criminal_a and_o that_o concern_v the_o peace_n it_o be_v grant_v he_o in_o these_o word_n for_o the_o conservation_n of_o ourselves_o and_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n wherein_o be_v contain_v all_o plea_n criminal_a and_o in_o the_o do_n of_o justice_n to_o all_o and_o singular_a the_o king_n subject_n be_v comprehend_v all_o plea_n civil_a and_o as_o to_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n it_o be_v manifest_v it_o may_v hold_v all_o manner_n of_o civil-plea_n except_o those_o of_o the_o exchequer_n by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 11._o so_o that_o all_o original_a writ_n concern_v civil-plea_n be_v returnable_a into_o either_o of_o the_o say_a court_n but_o how_o be_v the_o lord-chief-justice_n make_v now_o la._n by_o these_o
council_n the_o judge_n la._n the_o council_n inform_v the_o judge_n ph._n why_o may_v they_o not_o as_o well_o inform_v the_o chancellor_n unless_o you_o will_v say_v that_o a_o bishop_n understand_v not_o as_o well_o as_o a_o lawyer_n what_o be_v sense_n when_o he_o hear_v it_o read_v in_o english_a no_o no_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v able_a enough_o but_o to_o be_v able_a enough_o be_v not_o enough_o when_o not_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o case_n only_o but_o also_o the_o passion_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v to_o be_v conquer_a i_o forget_v to_o tell_v you_o of_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 36_o edw._n 3._o cap._n 9_o that_o if_o any_o person_n think_v himself_o grieve_v contrary_a to_o any_o of_o the_o article_n above_o write_a or_o other_o contain_v in_o divers_a statute_n will_v come_v to_o the_o chancery_n or_o any_o for_o he_o and_o thereof_o make_v his_o complaint_n he_o shall_v present_o there_o have_v remedy_n by_o force_n of_o the_o say_a article_n and_o 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his_o complaint_n elsewhere_o or_o else_o he_o think_v that_o in_o the_o common-bench_n be_v not_o elsewhere_o than_o in_o the_o chancery_n la._n then_o there_o be_v the_o court_n of_o ph._n let_v we_o stop_v here_o for_o this_o which_o you_o have_v say_v satisfy_v i_o that_o seek_v no_o more_o than_o to_o distinguish_v between_o justice_n and_o equity_n and_o from_o it_o i_o conclude_v that_o justice_n fulfil_v the_o law_n and_o equity_n interpret_v the_o law_n and_o amend_v the_o judgement_n give_v upon_o the_o same_o law_n wherein_o i_o depart_v not_o much_o from_o the_o definition_n of_o equity_n cite_v in_o sir_n edw._n coke_n 1_o inst._n sect._n 21._o viz._n equity_n be_v a_o certain_a perfect_a reason_n that_o interprete_v and_o amend_v the_o law_n write_v though_o i_o construe_v it_o a_o little_a otherwise_o than_o he_o will_v have_v do_v for_o no_o one_o can_v mend_v a_o law_n but_o he_o that_o can_v make_v it_o and_o therefore_o i_o say_v not_o it_o amend_v the_o law_n but_o the_o judgement_n only_o when_o they_o be_v erroneous_a and_o now_o let_v we_o consider_v of_o crime_n in_o particular_a the_o plea_n whereof_o be_v common_o call_v the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o of_o the_o punishment_n belong_v to_o they_o and_o first_o of_o the_o high_a crime_n of_o all_o which_o be_v high_a treason_n tell_v i_o what_o be_v high_a treason_n of_o crime_n capital_a la._n the_o first_o statute_n that_o declare_v what_o be_v high_a treason_n be_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o edw._n 3._o in_o these_o word_n whereas_o divers_a opinion_n have_v be_v before_o this_o time_n in_o what_o case_n treason_n shall_v be_v say_v and_o in_o what_o not_o the_o king_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o of_o the_o commons_o have_v make_v declaration_n in_o the_o manner_n as_o hereafter_o follow_v that_o be_v to_o say_v when_o a_o man_n do_v compass_n or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n of_o our_o lady_n the_o queen_n or_o of_o their_o elder_a son_n and_o heir_n or_o if_o a_o man_n do_v violate_v the_o king_n companion_n or_o the_o king_n elder_a daughter_n unmarried_a or_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o king_n elder_a son_n and_o heir_n or_o if_o a_o man_n do_v levy_v war_n against_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n in_o his_o realm_n or_o be_v adherent_a to_o the_o king_n enemy_n in_o his_o realm_n give_v to_o they_o aid_n and_o comfort_n in_o the_o realm_n or_o elsewhere_o and_o thereof_o be_v provable_o attaint_v by_o open_a deed_n by_o people_n of_o their_o condition_n and_o if_o a_o man_n counterfeit_n the_o king_n great_a or_o privy-seal_n or_o his_o money_n and_o if_o a_o man_n bring_v false_a money_n into_o this_o realm_n counterfeit_n to_o the_o money_n of_o england_n as_o the_o money_n call_v lushburgh_n or_o other_o like_a to_o the_o say_a money_n of_o england_n know_v the_o money_n to_o be_v false_a to_o merchandise_n and_o make_v payment_n in_o deceit_n of_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o of_o his_o people_n and_o if_o a_o man_n slay_v the_o chancellor_n treasurer_n or_o the_o king_n justice_n of_o the_o one_o bench_n or_o the_o other_o justices_z in_o eyre_n or_o justice_n of_o assize_n and_o all_o other_o justice_n assign_v to_o hear_v and_o determine_v be_v in_o their_o place_n and_o do_v their_o office_n and_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o case_n above_o rehearse_v that_o that_o ought_v to_o be_v adjudge_v treason_n which_o extend_v to_o our_o royal_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o royal_a majesty_n and_o of_o such_o treason_n the_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o escheat_n pertain_v to_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n as_o well_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n hold_v of_o other_o as_o himself_o and_o moreover_o there_o be_v another_o manner_n of_o treason_n that_o be_v to_o say_v when_o a_o servant_n slay_v his_o master_n or_o a_o wife_n her_o husband_n or_o when_o a_o man_n secular_a or_o religious_a slay_v his_o prelate_n to_o who_o he_o owe_v faith_n and_o obedience_n and_o of_o such_o treason_n the_o escheat_n ought_v to_o pertain_v to_o every_o lord_n of_o his_o own_o fee_n and_o because_o many_o other_o like_o case_n of_o treason_n may_v happen_v in_o time_n to_o come_v which_o a_o man_n can_v think_v nor_o declare_v at_o this_o present_a time_n it_o be_v accord_v that_o if_o any_o case_n suppose_a treason_n which_o be_v not_o above_o specify_v do_v happen_v before_o any_o justice_n the_o justice_n shall_v tarry_v without_o give_v any_o judgement_n of_o the_o treason_n till_o the_o cause_n be_v show_v and_o declare_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o parliament_n whether_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v adjudge_v treason_n or_o other_o felony_n ph._n i_o desire_v to_o understand_v what_o treason_n be_v wherein_o no_o enumeration_n of_o fact_n can_v give_v i_o satisfaction_n treason_n be_v a_o crime_n of_o itself_o malum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la and_o therefore_o a_o crime_n at_o the_o common-law_n and_o high_a treason_n the_o high_a crime_n at_o the_o common-law_n that_o can_v be_v and_o therefore_o not_o the_o statute_n only_o but_o reason_n without_o a_o statute_n make_v it_o a_o crime_n and_o this_o appear_v by_o the_o preamble_n where_o it_o be_v intimate_v that_o all_o man_n though_o of_o divers_a opinion_n do_v condemn_v it_o by_o the_o name_n of_o treason_n though_o they_o know_v not_o what_o treason_n mean_v but_o be_v force_v to_o request_v the_o king_n to_o determine_v it_o that_o which_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v be_v how_o treason_n may_v have_v be_v define_v without_o the_o statute_n by_o a_o man_n that_o have_v no_o other_o faculty_n to_o make_v a_o definition_n of_o it_o than_o by_o mere_a natural_a reason_n la._n when_o none_o of_o the_o lawyer_n have_v do_v it_o you_o be_v not_o to_o expect_v that_o i_o shall_v undertake_v it_o on_o such_o a_o sudden_a ph._n you_o know_v that_o salus_n populi_n be_v suprema_fw-la lex_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o high_a law_n and_o that_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n of_o a_o kingdom_n consist_v in_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o the_o strength_n necessary_a to_o defend_v his_o people_n both_o against_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o rebellious_a subject_n and_o from_o this_o i_o infer_v that_o to_o compass_n that_o be_v to_o design_v the_o death_n of_o the_o then_o present_a king_n be_v high_a treason_n before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n as_o be_v a_o design_v of_o a_o civil_a war_n and_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o people_n 2._o that_o the_o design_n to_o kill_v the_o king_n wife_n or_o to_o violate_v her_o chastity_n as_o also_o to_o violate_v the_o chastity_n of_o the_o king_n heir_n apparent_a or_o of_o his_o elder_a daughter_n unmarried_a as_o tend_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o certainty_n of_o
the_o king_n issue_n and_o by_o consequence_n by_o raise_v of_o contention_n about_o the_o crown_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o people_n in_o succeed_v time_n by_o civil_a war_n be_v therefore_o high_a treason_n before_o this_o statute_n 3._o that_o to_o levy_v war_n against_o the_o king_n within_o the_o realm_n and_o aid_v the_o king_n enemy_n either_o within_o or_o without_o the_o realm_n be_v tend_v to_o the_o king_n destruction_n or_o disherison_n and_o be_v high_a treason_n before_o this_o statute_n by_o the_o common-law_n 4._o that_o counterfeit_v the_o principal_a seal_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o which_o the_o king_n govern_v his_o people_n tend_v to_o the_o confusion_n of_o government_n and_o consequent_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o people_n and_o be_v therefore_o treason_n before_o the_o statute_n 5._o if_o a_o soldier_n design_n the_o kill_v of_o his_o general_n or_o other_o officer_n in_o time_n of_o battle_n or_o a_o captain_n hover_v doubtful_o with_o his_o troop_n with_o intention_n to_o gain_v the_o favour_n of_o he_o that_o shall_v chance_v to_o get_v the_o victory_n it_o tend_v to_o the_o destruction_n both_o of_o king_n and_o people_n whether_o the_o king_n be_v present_a or_o absent_a and_o be_v high_a treason_n before_o the_o statute_n 6._o if_o any_o man_n have_v imprison_v the_o king_n person_n he_o have_v make_v he_o incapable_a of_o defend_v his_o people_n and_o be_v therefore_o high_a treason_n before_o the_o statute_n 7._o if_o any_o man_n have_v with_o design_n to_o raise_v rebellion_n against_o the_o king_n write_a or_o by_o word_n advise_o utter_v deny_v the_o king_n regnant_n to_o be_v their_o lawful_a king_n he_o that_o wrought_v preach_v or_o speak_v such_o word_n live_v then_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n law_n it_o have_v be_v high_a treason_n before_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a and_o perhaps_o there_o may_v be_v some_o other_o case_n upon_o this_o statute_n which_o i_o can_v present_o think_v upon_o but_o the_o kill_v of_o a_o justice_n or_o other_o officer_n as_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o statute_n be_v not_o otherwise_o high_a treason_n but_o by_o the_o statute_n and_o to_o distinguish_v that_o which_o be_v treason_n by_o the_o common-law_n from_o all_o other_o inferior_a crime_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o if_o such_o high_a treason_n shall_v take_v effect_n it_o will_v destroy_v all_o law_n at_o once_o and_o be_v do_v by_o a_o subject_a it_o be_v a_o return_n to_o hostility_n by_o treachery_n and_o consequent_o such_o as_o be_v traitor_n may_v by_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n be_v deal_v withal_o as_o ignoble_a and_o treacherous_a enemy_n but_o the_o great_a of_o other_o crime_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v breach_n of_o one_o only_a or_o at_o least_o of_o very_a few_o law_n la._n whether_o this_o you_o say_v be_v true_a or_o false_a the_o law_n be_v now_o unquestionable_a by_o a_o statute_n make_v in_o 1_o and_o 2_o of_o queen_n mary_n whereby_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v esteem_v treason_n beside_o those_o few_o offence_n special_o mention_v in_o the_o act_n of_o 25_o ed._n 3._o ph._n among_o these_o great_a crime_n the_o great_a be_v that_o which_o be_v commit_v by_o one_o that_o have_v be_v trust_v and_o love_v by_o he_o who_o death_n he_o so_o design_v for_o a_o man_n can_v well_o take_v heed_n of_o those_o who_o he_o think_v he_o have_v oblige_v whereas_o a_o open_a enemy_n give_v a_o man_n warning_n before_o he_o act_v and_o this_o it_o be_v for_o which_o the_o statute_n have_v declare_v that_o it_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o treason_n when_o a_o servant_n kill_v his_o master_n or_o mistress_n or_o a_o wife_n kill_v her_o husband_n or_o a_o clerk_n kill_v his_o prelate_n and_o i_o shall_v think_v it_o petty_a treason_n also_o though_o it_o be_v not_o within_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n when_o a_o tenant_n in_o fee_n that_o hold_v by_o homage_n and_o fealty_n shall_v kill_v the_o lord_n of_o his_o fee_n for_o fealty_n be_v a_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n save_v he_o may_v not_o keep_v his_o oath_n in_o any_o thing_n swear_v to_o if_o it_o be_v against_o the_o king_n for_o homage_n as_o it_o be_v express_v in_o a_o statute_n of_o 17_o edw._n 2._o be_v the_o great_a submission_n that_o be_v possible_a to_o be_v make_v to_o one_o man_n by_o another_o for_o the_o tenant_n shall_v hold_v his_o hand_n together_o between_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o landlord_n and_o shall_v say_v thus_o i_o become_v your_o man_n from_o this_o day_n forth_o for_o life_n for_o member_n and_o for_o worldly_a honour_n and_o shall_v owe_v that_o my_o faith_n for_o the_o land_n that_o i_o shall_v hold_v of_o you_o save_v the_o faith_n that_o i_o owe_v unto_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o to_o many_o other_o lord_n which_o homage_n if_o make_v to_o the_o king_n be_v equivalent_a to_o a_o promise_n of_o simple_a obedience_n and_o if_o make_v to_o another_o lord_n there_o be_v nothing_o except_v but_o the_o allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n and_o that_o which_o be_v call_v fealty_n be_v but_o the_o same_o confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n la._n but_o sir_n edw._n coke_n 4_o inst._n p._n 11._o deny_v that_o a_o traitor_n be_v in_o legal_a understanding_n the_o king_n enemy_n for_o enemy_n say_v he_o be_v those_o that_o be_v out_o of_o the_o allegiance_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o reason_n be_v because_o if_o a_o subject_a join_v with_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o come_v into_o england_n with_o he_o and_o be_v take_v prisoner_n here_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v ransom_v or_o proceed_v with_o as_o a_o enemy_n shall_v but_o he_o shall_v be_v take_v as_o a_o traitor_n to_o the_o king_n whereas_o a_o enemy_n come_v in_o open_a hostility_n and_o take_v shall_v either_o be_v execute_v by_o martial-law_n or_o ransom_v for_o he_o can_v be_v indict_v of_o treason_n for_o that_o he_o never_o be_v in_o the_o protection_n and_o ligeance_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o indictment_n of_o the_o treason_n say_v contra_fw-la ligeantiam_fw-la svam_fw-la debitam_fw-la ph._n this_o be_v not_o a_o argument_n worthy_a of_o the_o mean_a lawyer_n do_v sir_n edw._n coke_n think_v it_o be_v possible_a for_o a_o king_n lawful_o to_o kill_v a_o man_n by_o what_o death_n soever_o without_o a_o indictment_n when_o it_o be_v manifest_o prove_v he_o be_v his_o open_a enemy_n indictment_n be_v a_o form_n of_o accusation_n peculiar_a to_o england_n by_o the_o command_n of_o some_o king_n of_o england_n and_o retain_v still_o and_o therefore_o a_o law_n to_o this_o country_n of_o england_n but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o put_v a_o man_n to_o death_n otherwise_o than_o by_o a_o indictment_n no_o enemy_n can_v be_v put_v to_o death_n at_o all_o in_o other_o nation_n because_o they_o proceed_v not_o as_o we_o do_v by_o indictment_n again_o when_o a_o open_a enemy_n be_v take_v and_o put_v to_o death_n by_o judgement_n of_o martial-law_n it_o be_v not_o the_o law_n of_o the_o general_n or_o council_n of_o war_n that_o a_o enemy_n shall_v be_v thus_o proceed_v with_o but_o the_o law_n of_o the_o king_n contain_v in_o their_o commission_n such_o as_o from_o time_n to_o time_n the_o king_n have_v think_v fit_a in_o who_o will_n it_o always_o rest_v whether_o a_o open_a enemy_n when_o he_o be_v take_v shall_v be_v put_v to_o death_n or_o no_o and_o by_o what_o death_n and_o whether_o he_o shall_v be_v ransom_v or_o no_o and_o at_o what_o price_n then_o for_o the_o nature_n of_o treason_n by_o rebellion_n be_v it_o not_o a_o return_n to_o hostility_n what_o else_o do_v rebellion_n signify_v william_n the_o conqueror_n subdue_v this_o kingdom_n some_o he_o kill_v some_o upon_o promise_n of_o future_a obedience_n he_o take_v to_o mercy_n and_o they_o become_v his_o subject_n and_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o if_o therefore_o they_o renew_v the_o war_n against_o he_o be_v they_o not_o again_o open_a enemy_n or_o if_o any_o of_o they_o lurk_v under_o his_o law_n seek_v occasion_n thereby_o to_o kill_v he_o secret_o and_o come_v to_o be_v know_v may_v he_o not_o be_v proceed_v against_o as_o a_o enemy_n who_o though_o he_o have_v not_o commit_v what_o he_o design_v yet_o have_v certain_o a_o hostile_a design_n do_v not_o the_o long_a parliament_n declare_v all_o those_o for_o enemy_n to_o the_o state_n that_o oppose_v their_o proceed_n against_o the_o late_a king_n but_o sir_n edw._n coke_n do_v seldom_o well_o distinguish_v when_o there_o be_v two_o divers_a name_n for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n though_o one_o contain_v the_o other_o he_o make_v they_o always_o different_a as_o if_o it_o can_v not_o be_v that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n shall_v be_v both_o a_o enemy_n
king_n after_o the_o report_n of_o the_o judge_n hear_v give_v the_o sheriff_n command_v to_o do_v it_o four_o that_o the_o general_a verdict_n of_o the_o king_n hinder_v not_o the_o king_n but_o that_o he_o may_v judge_v of_o it_o upon_o the_o special_a matter_n for_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o a_o ill-disposed_a person_n provoke_v a_o man_n with_o word_n or_o otherwise_o on_o purpose_n to_o make_v he_o draw_v his_o sword_n that_o he_o may_v kill_v he_o and_o pretend_v it_o do_v in_o his_o own_o defence_n which_o appear_v the_o king_n may_v without_o any_o offence_n to_o god_n punish_v he_o as_o the_o cause_n shall_v require_v last_o contrary_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o sir_n edw._n coke_n he_o may_v in_o his_o own_o person_n be_v judge_n in_o the_o case_n and_o annul_v the_o verdict_n of_o the_o jury_n which_o a_o depute_a judge_n can_v do_v la._n there_o be_v some_o case_n wherein_o a_o man_n though_o by_o the_o jury_n he_o be_v find_v not_o guilty_a shall_v nevertheless_o forfeit_v his_o good_n and_o chattel_n to_o the_o king_n for_o example_n a_o man_n be_v slay_v and_o one_o a._n hate_v b._n give_v out_o that_o it_o be_v b._n that_o slay_v he_o b._n hear_v thereof_o fear_v if_o he_o be_v try_v for_o it_o that_o through_o the_o great_a power_n of_o a._n and_o other_o that_o seek_v his_o hurt_n he_o shall_v be_v condemn_v fly_v and_o afterward_o be_v take_v and_o try_v and_o upon_o sufficient_a evidence_n be_v by_o the_o jury_n find_v not_o guilty_a yet_o because_o he_o flee_v he_o shall_v forfeit_v his_o good_n and_o chattel_n notwithstanding_o there_o be_v no_o such_o judgement_n give_v by_o the_o judge_n nor_o appoint_v by_o any_o statute_n but_o the_o law_n itself_o authorise_v the_o sheriff_n to_o seize_v they_o to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o king_n ph._n i_o see_v no_o reason_n which_o be_v common-law_n for_o it_o and_o be_o sure_a it_o be_v ground_v upon_o no_o statute_n la._n see_v sir_n edw._n coke_n inst._n 1._o sect._n 709._o and_o read_v ph._n if_o a_o man_n that_o be_v innocent_a be_v accuse_v of_o felony_n and_o for_o fear_n fly_v for_o the_o same_o albeit_o that_o he_o be_v judicial_o acquit_v of_o the_o felony_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o flee_v for_o the_o same_o he_o shall_v notwithstanding_o his_o innocence_n forfeit_v all_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n debt_n and_o duty_n o_o unchristian_a and_o abominable_a doctrine_n which_o also_o he_o in_o his_o own_o word_n follow_v contradict_v for_o say_v he_o as_o to_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o they_o the_o law_n will_v admit_v no_o proof_n against_o the_o presumption_n of_o the_o law_n ground_v upon_o his_o flight_n and_o so_o it_o be_v in_o many_o other_o case_n but_o that_o the_o general_a rule_n be_v quod_fw-la stabitur_fw-la praesumptioni_fw-la donec_fw-la probetur_fw-la in_o contrarium_fw-la but_o you_o see_v it_o have_v many_o exception_n this_o general_a rule_n contradict_v what_o he_o say_v before_o for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o exception_n to_o a_o general_a rule_n in_o law_n that_o be_v not_o express_o make_v a_o exception_n by_o some_o statute_n and_o to_o a_o general_a rule_n of_o equity_n there_o can_v be_v no_o exception_n at_o all_o from_o the_o power_n of_o punish_v let_v we_o proceed_v to_o the_o power_n of_o pardon_v la._n touch_v the_o power_n of_o pardon_v sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v 3_o inst._n p._n 236._o that_o no_o man_n shall_v obtain_v charter_n of_o pardon_n out_o of_o parliament_n and_o cite_v for_o it_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o ed._n 3._o cap._n 2._o and_o say_v far_a that_o according_o in_o a_o parliament_n roll_v it_o be_v say_v that_o for_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o land_n it_o will_v help_v that_o no_o pardon_n be_v grant_v but_o by_o parliament_n ph._n what_o lawful_a power_n will_v he_o have_v leave_v to_o the_o king_n that_o thus_o disable_v he_o to_o practise_v mercy_n in_o the_o statute_n which_o he_o cit_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o king_n ought_v not_o to_o grant_v charter_n of_o pardon_n but_o in_o parliament_n there_o be_v no_o such_o word_n as_o any_o man_n may_v see_v for_o that_o statute_n be_v in_o print_n and_o that_o which_o he_o say_v be_v in_o the_o parliament_n roll_n be_v but_o a_o wish_n of_o he_o tell_v not_o who_o and_o not_o a_o law_n and_o it_o be_v strange_a that_o a_o private_a wish_n shall_v be_v enrol_v among_o act_n of_o parliament_n if_o a_o man_n do_v you_o a_o injury_n to_o who_o think_v you_o belong_v the_o right_a of_o pardon_v it_o la._n doubtless_o to_o i_o alone_o if_o to_o i_o alone_o be_v do_v that_o injury_n and_o to_o the_o king_n alone_o if_o to_o he_o alone_o be_v do_v the_o injury_n and_o to_o both_o together_o if_o the_o injury_n be_v do_v to_o both_o ph._n what_o part_n then_o have_v any_o man_n in_o the_o grant_n of_o a_o pardon_n but_o the_o king_n and_o the_o party_n wrong_v if_o you_o offend_v no_o member_n of_o either_o house_n why_o shall_v you_o ask_v their_o pardon_n it_o be_v possible_a that_o a_o man_n may_v deserve_v a_o pardon_n or_o he_o may_v be_v such_o a_o one_o sometime_o as_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v need_n of_o may_v not_o the_o king_n pardon_v he_o though_o there_o be_v no_o parliament_n then_o sit_v sir_n edw._n coke_n law_n be_v too_o general_a in_o this_o point_n and_o i_o believe_v if_o he_o have_v think_v on_o it_o he_o will_v have_v except_v some_o person_n if_o not_o all_o the_o king_n child_n and_o his_o heir_n apparent_a and_o yet_o they_o be_v all_o his_o subject_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o law_n as_o other_o men._n la._n but_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v grant_v pardon_n of_o murder_n and_o felony_n of_o his_o own_o head_n there_o will_v be_v very_o little_a safety_n for_o any_o man_n either_o out_o of_o his_o house_n or_o in_o it_o either_o by_o night_n or_o by_o day_n and_o for_o that_o very_a cause_n there_o have_v be_v many_o good_a statute_n provide_v which_o forbid_v the_o justice_n to_o allow_v of_o such_o pardon_n as_o do_v not_o special_o name_v the_o crime_n ph._n those_o statute_n i_o confess_v be_v reasonable_a and_o very_o profitable_a which_o forbid_v the_o judge_n to_o pardon_v murder_n but_o what_o statute_n be_v there_o that_o forbid_v the_o king_n to_o do_v it_o there_o be_v a_o statute_n of_o 13_o rich._n 2._o c._n 1._o wherein_o the_o king_n promise_v not_o to_o pardon_v murder_n but_o there_o be_v in_o it_o a_o clause_n for_o the_o save_n of_o the_o king_n regality_n from_o which_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o grant_v away_o that_o power_n when_o he_o think_v good_a to_o use_v it_o for_o the_o commonwealth_n such_o statute_n be_v not_o law_n to_o the_o king_n but_o to_o his_o judge_n and_o though_o the_o judge_n be_v command_v by_o the_o king_n not_o to_o allow_v pardon_n in_o many_o case_n yet_o if_o the_o king_n by_o writing_n command_v the_o judge_n to_o allow_v they_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v it_o i_o think_v if_o the_o king_n think_v in_o his_o conscience_n it_o be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o sin_v not_o in_o it_o but_o i_o hold_v not_o that_o the_o king_n may_v pardon_v he_o without_o sin_n if_o any_o other_o man_n be_v damnify_v by_o the_o crime_n commit_v unless_o he_o cause_v reparation_n to_o be_v make_v as_o far_o as_o the_o party_n offend_v can_v do_v it_o and_o howsoever_o be_v it_o sin_n or_o not_o sin_n there_o be_v no_o power_n in_o england_n that_o may_v resist_v he_o or_o speak_v evil_a of_o he_o lawful_o la._n sir_n edw._n coke_n deny_v not_o that_o and_o upon_o that_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o the_o king_n he_o say_v may_v pardon_v high_a treason_n for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o high_a treason_n but_o against_o the_o king_n ph._n that_o be_v well_o therefore_o he_o confess_v that_o whatsoever_o the_o offence_n be_v the_o king_n may_v pardon_v so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o be_v a_o injury_n to_o himself_o and_o that_o by_o his_o own_o right_n without_o breach_n of_o any_o law_n positive_a or_o natural_a or_o of_o any_o grant_n if_o his_o conscience_n tell_v he_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o the_o damage_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o you_o know_v that_o to_o judge_v of_o what_o be_v good_a or_o evil_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n only_o now_o tell_v i_o what_o it_o be_v which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v pardon_v la._n what_o can_v it_o be_v but_o only_o the_o offence_n if_o a_o man_n have_v do_v a_o murder_n and_o be_v pardon_v for_o the_o same_o be_v it_o not_o the_o murder_n that_o be_v pardon_v ph._n nay_o by_o your_o favour_n if_o a_o man_n be_v pardon_v for_o murder_n or_o any_o other_o offence_n it_o be_v the_o man_n that_o be_v
of_o the_o caesar_n that_o can_v write_v or_o read_v the_o right_a to_o the_o government_n be_v either_o paternal_a or_o by_o conquest_n or_o by_o marriage_n their_o succession_n to_o land_n be_v determine_v by_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o family_n by_o gift_n or_o deed_n in_o his_o life_n time_n and_o what_o land_n they_o dispose_v not_o of_o in_o their_o life_n time_n descend_v after_o their_o death_n to_o their_o heir_n the_o heir_n be_v the_o elder_a son_n the_o issue_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n fail_v they_o descend_v to_o the_o young_a son_n in_o their_o order_n and_o for_o want_v of_o son_n to_o the_o daughter_n joint_o as_o to_o one_o heir_n or_o to_o be_v divide_v among_o they_o and_o so_o to_o descend_v to_o their_o heir_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o child_n fail_v the_o uncle_n by_o the_o father_n or_o mother_n side_n according_a as_o the_o land_n have_v be_v the_o father_n or_o the_o mother_n succeed_v to_o the_o inheritance_n and_o so_o continual_o to_o the_o next_o of_o blood_n and_o this_o be_v a_o natural_a descent_n because_o natural_o the_o near_a in_o blood_n the_o near_a in_o kindness_n and_o be_v hold_v for_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n not_o only_o among_o the_o german_n but_o also_o in_o most_o nation_n before_o they_o have_v a_o write_a law_n the_o right_a of_o government_n which_o be_v call_v jus_fw-la regni_fw-la descend_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n except_o only_o that_o after_o the_o son_n it_o come_v to_o the_o elder_a daughter_n first_o and_o her_o heir_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v that_o government_n be_v indivisible_a and_o this_o law_n continue_v still_o in_o england_n la._n see_v all_o the_o land_n which_o any_o sovereign_a lord_n possess_v be_v his_o own_o in_o propriety_n how_o come_v a_o subject_a to_o have_v a_o propriety_n in_o their_o land_n ph._n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o propriety_n one_o be_v when_o a_o man_n hold_v his_o land_n from_o the_o gift_n of_o god_n only_o which_o land_n civilian_n call_v allodial_a which_o in_o a_o kingdom_n no_o man_n can_v have_v but_o the_o king_n the_o other_o be_v when_o a_o man_n hold_v his_o land_n from_o another_o man_n as_o give_v he_o in_o respect_n of_o service_n and_o obedience_n to_o that_o man_n as_o a_o fee_n the_o first_o kind_n of_o propriety_n be_v absolute_a the_o other_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n conditional_a because_o give_v for_o some_o service_n to_o be_v do_v unto_o the_o giver_n the_o first_o kind_n of_o propriety_n exclude_v the_o right_a of_o all_o other_o the_o second_o exclude_v the_o right_a of_o all_o other_o subject_n to_o the_o same_o land_n but_o not_o the_o right_a of_o the_o sovereign_n when_o the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o people_n shall_v require_v the_o use_n thereof_o la._n when_o those_o king_n have_v thus_o part_v with_o their_o land_n what_o be_v leave_v they_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o war_n either_o offensive_a or_o defensive_a or_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o royal_a family_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o not_o only_o become_v the_o dignity_n of_o a_o sovereign_a king_n but_o be_v also_o necessary_a to_o keep_v his_o person_n and_o people_n from_o contempt_n ph._n they_o have_v mean_n enough_o and_o beside_o what_o they_o give_v their_o subject_n have_v much_o land_n remain_v in_o their_o own_o hand_n afforre_v for_o their_o recreation_n for_o you_o know_v very_o well_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n of_o england_n be_v give_v for_o military_a service_n to_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n who_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o king_n kindred_n or_o great_a favourite_n much_o more_o land_n than_o they_o have_v need_n of_o for_o their_o own_o maintenance_n but_o so_o charge_v with_o one_o or_o many_o soldier_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o land_n give_v as_o there_o can_v be_v no_o want_n of_o soldier_n at_o all_o time_n ready_a to_o resist_v a_o invade_a enemy_n which_o soldier_n those_o lord_n be_v bind_v to_o furnish_v for_o a_o time_n certain_a at_o their_o own_o charge_n you_o know_v also_o that_o the_o whole_a land_n be_v divide_v into_o hundred_o and_o those_o again_o into_o decennary_n in_o which_o decennary_n all_o man_n even_o to_o child_n of_o 12_o year_n of_o age_n be_v bind_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o you_o be_v to_o believe_v that_o those_o man_n that_o hold_v their_o land_n by_o the_o service_n of_o husbandry_n be_v all_o bind_v with_o their_o body_n and_o fortune_n to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n against_o invader_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o so_o also_o such_o as_o they_o call_v villain_n and_o hold_v their_o land_n by_o base_a drudgery_n be_v oblige_v to_o defend_v the_o kingdom_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o their_o power_n nay_o woman_n and_o child_n in_o such_o a_o necessity_n be_v bind_v to_o do_v such_o service_n as_o they_o can_v that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o bring_v weapon_n and_o victual_n to_o they_o that_o fight_v and_o to_o dig_v but_o those_o that_o hold_v their_o land_n by_o service_n military_a have_v lie_v upon_o they_o a_o great_a obligation_n for_o read_v and_o observe_v the_o form_n of_o do_v homage_n according_a as_o it_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o 17_o edw._n 2._o which_o you_o doubt_v not_o be_v in_o use_n before_o that_o time_n and_o before_o the_o conquest_n la._n i_o become_v your_o man_n for_o life_n for_o member_n and_o for_o worldly_a honour_n and_o shall_v owe_v you_o my_o faith_n for_o the_o land_n that_o i_o hold_v of_o you_o ph._n i_o pray_v you_o expound_v it_o la._n i_o think_v it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o you_o shall_v say_v i_o promise_v you_o to_o be_v at_o your_o command_n to_o perform_v with_o the_o hazard_n of_o my_o life_n limb_n and_o all_o my_o fortune_n as_o i_o have_v charge_v myself_o to_o the_o reception_n of_o the_o land_n you_o have_v give_v i_o and_o to_o be_v ever_o faithful_a to_o you_o this_o be_v the_o form_n of_o homage_n do_v to_o the_o king_n immediate_o but_o when_o one_o subject_a hold_v land_n of_o another_o by_o the_o like_a military_a service_n than_o there_o be_v a_o exception_n add_v viz._n save_v the_o faith_n i_o owe_v to_o the_o king_n ph._n do_v he_o not_o also_o take_v a_o oath_n la._n yes_o which_o be_v call_v the_o oath_n of_o fealty_n i_o shall_v be_v to_o you_o both_o faithful_a and_o lawful_o shall_v do_v such_o custom_n and_o service_n as_o my_o duty_n be_v to_o you_o at_o the_o term_n assign_v so_o help_v i_o god_n and_o all_o his_o saint_n but_o both_o these_o service_n and_o the_o service_n of_o husbandry_n be_v quick_o after_o turn_v into_o rent_n payable_a either_o in_o money_n as_o in_o england_n or_o in_o corn_n or_o other_o victual_n as_o in_o scotland_n and_o france_n when_o the_o service_n be_v military_a the_o tenant_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n bind_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n with_o one_o or_o more_o person_n according_a to_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o the_o land_n he_o hold_v ph._n be_v they_o bind_v to_o find_v horseman_n or_o footman_n la._n i_o do_v not_o find_v any_o law_n that_o require_v any_o man_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o tenancie_n to_o serve_v on_o horseback_n ph._n be_v the_o tenant_n bind_v in_o case_n he_o be_v call_v to_o serve_v in_o person_n la._n i_o think_v he_o be_v so_o in_o the_o beginning_n for_o when_o land_n be_v give_v for_o service_n military_a and_o the_o tenant_n die_v leave_v his_o son_n and_o heir_n the_o lord_n have_v the_o custody_n both_o of_o body_n and_o land_n till_o the_o heir_n be_v twenty_o one_o year_n old_a and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v that_o the_o heir_n till_o that_o age_n of_o twenty_o one_o year_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v unable_a to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n which_o reason_n have_v be_v insufficient_a if_o the_o heir_n have_v be_v bind_v to_o go_v to_o the_o war_n in_o person_n which_o methinks_v shall_v ever_o hold_v for_o law_n unless_o by_o some_o other_o law_n it_o come_v to_o be_v alter_v these_o service_n together_o with_o other_o right_n as_o wardship_n first_o possession_n of_o his_o tenant_n inheritance_n licenses_fw-la for_o alienation_n felon_n good_n felon_n land_n if_o they_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o first_o year_n profit_v of_o the_o land_n of_o whosoever_o they_o be_v hold_v forfeiture_n amercement_n and_o many_o other_o aid_n can_v not_o but_o amount_v to_o a_o very_a great_a yearly_a revenue_n add_v to_o this_o all_o that_o which_o the_o king_n may_v reasonable_o have_v impose_v upon_o artificer_n and_o tradesman_n for_o all_o man_n who_o the_o king_n protect_v aught_o to_o contribute_v towards_o their_o own_o protection_n and_o consider_v then_o whether_o the_o