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A67239 A prospective glasse wherein Englands bondage under the Normane yoke, with the rise, growth, and continuation is clearly asserted, a subject not yet treated upon ... shewing how the law came to be in an unknown tongue, and from whence the judges and other inferior lawyers had their beginning, and in opposition to former law, how the 4 termes of the yeer came to be kept : as also, the corruption of this law, bringing with it the fines and rents to the lord of the manor for all free- holds and copyhold land : being a collection from the most choice of modern historians : with some copyhold land : being a collection from the most choice of modern historians : with some brief observations upon Scripture, as proving from thence that this law is contradictory to the nature of God's dealing with the sons of man, and contrary to the nature of freedome / by a lover of Englishmens freedomes. Lover of Englishmens freedomes.; Walker, Henry, fl. 1641-1660. 1649 (1649) Wing W380; ESTC R24593 17,780 25

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should serve themselves of him Ier 25. 13 14. And so though Assiria did reign yet it must be brought lowe Even so though God did give this land into the hand of William the Conquerer yet he setting up of such Laws as tend to the destruction of the poore it is just with God to take the Government out of the hands of his posterity who uphold and maintain those Laws that were made to inslave the Commoners of England Before I come to declare the bondages of this Nation that was brought upon them by William the Conquerer I shall speak of some remarkable things of Edward the Confessor King of England before the Conquest as I find recorded in the Acts and Monuments of the Church in pag. 165. They that write the History of St. Edward the Confessor make mention of a dream or revelation that should be shewed unto him in the time of his sicknes How that because the Peers and Bishops of the Land were not the servants of God but of the devill God would give this Land into the hand of others and the King desired that utterance might be given him that he might declare it to the people whereby they might repent here note if true as for my part I cannot gainsay it see the mercy of God toward this Land as to forewarn them of the danger that should come upon them which not long after this Kings death did come to passe when William the Conquerer overcame this Land This Edward in that dark age made such good and wholsome Laws which were so just so equall and so serving the publick profit and weal of all estates that mine Authors say that people did long rebell against their Heads and Rulers to have the same Laws again being taken from them could not obtain them William the Conquerer at his coming in did swear to use and practise the same good Laws of Edward for the Common Laws of the Realm afterward being established in the Kingdome he forswore himself and placed his own Laws in their room much more worse and obscurer Also this King Edward describeth the office of a King in the Acts and Monuments of the Church in pa. 166. The King because he is the Vicar of the highest King is appointed for this purpose to rule the Earthly Kingdom to set up good and wholsome Laws such as be approved such as be otherwise he ought to repeal them and thrust them out of his Realm he ought to do justice and judgement in his Kingdom Three servants a King ought to have under him as vassals fleshly lusts avarice greedie desires whom if he keep under him as servants he shall reign well and honorably in his kingdome But William the Conquerer omitted these Laws contrary to his Oath at his Coronation inserting and placing the most part of his Laws in his own language to serve his purpose and which as yet to this present day in the same Normane language do remain See here by this Declaration the difference of the two Kings Edward making good Laws and William changing of them contrary to his oath at his Coronation making Laws at his own pleasure destructive to the peoples good and freedome King Edward surnamed Confessor for his excellent holinesse is untill this day called St. Edward who so soon as he had gotten his Fathers Kingdom of his free-will released the Kingdom of 40. thousand pound called Dane gilt which the English people even from the very beginning of the reign of the Danes was compelled to pay to their Kings every yeer and this did King Edward in a yeer when the earth yeelded not her fruit the tribute being gathered by the Treasurers he commanded that the money should be restored to the owners again Here we may see the love that this King had to the Subjects freely forgiving them the tribute that they had payed to other Kings before him and this God saith he hath chosen in Isa. 58. 6. to loose the bands of wickednesse to undo the heavy burthens to let the oppressed go free this kingly act of Edward the Confessor may serve for an example for all Governors to follow William the Conquerer did contrary to King Edward for he sought how to inslave the people of England by making inquirie what riches the people had and then to tax them accordingly as is declared in the Summary of English Chronicles in pag. the 41. King William caused enquirie to be made how many acres of ground were sufficient for one plough by the yeer how many beasts to the tilling of one hide how many Cities Castles Farms Graunges Towns Rivers Marshes and woods what rent they payed by yeer and how many Knights or Souldiers were in every County of the Realm all which was put in writing and remaineth at Westminster in the Kings treasurie afterward he took six shillings of every plough that is of every hide of Land throughout the Realm and to this agrees the report in the History of the Lives of the 3. Norman Kings of England in pag. 98. William the Conquerer caused the Land to be described in one generall Roll so that there was not one hide of Land but both the yeerly rent and the owner thereof was therein set down how many plough lands what pastures what fennes or marshes what woods Parks Farms and tenements was in every Sheere and what every man was worth also how many Villens every man had what beast or cattell what fees what other goods what rent or commoditie every mans possessions did yeeld this book was called the Roll of Winton because it was kept in the City of Winchester by the English it was called Doomes-day book either by reason of the generalitie thereof or else instead of Domus Dei book for that it was layed in the Church of Winchester in a place called Domus Dei according to this Roll Taxations were imposed sometimes two shillings sometimes six shillings upon every hide of Land throughout the Realm an hide containing twenty acres besides ordinary provision for his house One of the punishments that was threatned against the children of Israel was to be given into the hands of those their enemies whose Tongue they could not understand Deut. 28. 49 50 51 52. who should take the increase of the Land And surely so did William the Conquerer squeese the fat of this Land unto himself from the Commoners of England as appears by this declaration of him In the Acts and Monuments of the Church in pag. 173. it is reported of William the Conquerer that forasmuch as he obtained the Kingdom by force and dent of Sword he changed the whole state of the governance of this Common-wealth and to this agrees the History of the Lives of the three Normane Kings of England in pag. 91. Many heavy taxations were imposed on the English their ancient Lords were removed their ancient Laws and Pollicies of State were dashed to dust all lay couched under the Conquerers Sword to be newly
A Prospective Glasse WHEREIN ENGLANDS BONDAGE Under the NORMANE yoke with the Rise growth and continuation is clearly asserted A Subject not yet treated upon viz Shewing how the Law came to be in an unknown Tongue and from whence the Iudges and other inferior Lawyers had their beginning and in opposition to former Law how the 4. Termes of the Yeer came to be kept As also the corruption of this Law bringing with it the Fines and Rents to the Lord of the Mannor for all Free-holds and Copyhold Land BEING A Collection from the most choise of Modern Historians WITH SOME Brief Observations upon Scripture as proving from thence that this Law is contradictory to the Nature of Gods dealing with the sons of Men and contrary to the Nature of Freedome By a Lover of English-mens Freedomes An evill Custome be it for continuance never so ancient is nought else then the oldnesse of Error Plato LONDON Printed at the Authors Charge 1649. TO ALL THE COMMONERS OF ENGLAND IN all the dealings of God with the sons of men when judgement and righteousnes is not executed between man and man God then brings one punishment or other upon the Land that makes inquisition for blood that hath been spilt wrongs that hath been done wickednesse that hath been acted by unrighteous men But yet the end of Gods dealing thus with his creatures is love as in Ier. 30. 17 18. a restoring of health an healing of wounds though Ephraim is smitten yet Ephraim is loved he is a dear son a tender childe there is health in the latter end Whosoever looks upon these times outwardly may see a poore distressed Kingdom groaning under the heavie burdens that lye upon it and whosoever looks beyond the outward state of the Kingdome may see love peace and joy spread into the hearts of creatures discovered in severall yet glorious administrations The occasion of bondages troubles that hath been and yet is in this Nation makes the members of this Nation to enquire for Freedome to search and sift out the root and foundations of bondages of all sorts some after this manner some after that as hath been evidently seen in the Petitions of many well affected people of England which have been presented to the Parliament at sundrie times Among the rest I my self desired to know the foundation of some bondages that have inslaved the Nation for almost this six hundred yeers and by Providence I found some recorded in Records which I now commend to the consideration of all honest hearted people lest any should say I speak against the persons of men I desire them to understand that I speak against the practise of men which is destructive to the wel being of the Nation be they Nation or person whatsoever it matters not to me for honesty in a Turk or Jew Heathen or Pagan is as good as honesty in those that are called Christians I could wish that the nature of Christianity was more looked upon and the name of Christianity lesse looked upon for it is the cunning sleight of the Man of sin to make people think themselves happy as having the name of Christians without looking any further unto the nature of Christianitie I am not ignorant how people have been looked upon as bearing the name of Sectaries or Independants and so for Presbyterians or Episcopall the envy of the name in one anothers hearts hath bred abundance of heart-burnings one toward another My advice therefore is to all to let names fall let honesty and godlinesse be imbraced in any man and let oppression Arbitrary power and cruelty be looked upon in any as destructive to the well being of the Nation if we do so we shall look upon things as being acted in the center of them and so esteemed I leave this following Discourse to all men to be looked upon by the eye of equity and remain A lover of Freedome Not the respecting of persons whosoever but in love to my Countrey for Liberty and Freedome and a hating of Tyranny Arbitrary Power and Cruelty I begin this ensuing Discourse IN the making of way to this ensuing Discourse it is requisite to shew for satisfaction to them that shall read this Discourse the party by whom the bondages of this Land came in not in any way of disgrace to his person but rather to discover the acts that he did which rose from his oppressing minde and will And first of the Person In the lives of the three Norman Kings of England in pag. 1. there is a relation of William the Conquerers birth which is expressed in these words Robert Duke of Normandy the sixth in discent from Rollo riding through Fallis a Town in Normandy espied certain Damsels dancing near the way among whom he fixed his eye upon a certain Damsell whose name was Arlote of mean parentage a Skiners daughter whom he procured that night to be brought unto him of whom he begat a Son who afterward was named William By this relation it appears that Will the Conquerer was base son of Robert Duke of Normandy as may more fully appear in the Summary of English Chronicles in pag. 37. William Duke of Normandy surnamed Conquerer base Son of Robert the sixth Duke of that Dutchie But lest any should think that I make this discoverie on purpose to disgrace the Conquerer I say I do not for I say no more then what Chronicles do testifie of him Secondly a bastard sometime hath been an Instrument of deliverance to the people of God as Iephthah Iudg. 11. 29. The Spirit of the Lord came upon Iephthah ver. 32. the Lord delivered his Enemies into his hand so that God made use of Iephthah to work deliverance Thirdly a bastard is not to be blamed as being a bastard for it is the parents not the childe that must be blamed or shamed I shall say no more touching William the Conquerers birth and reasons why I do think that Williams person is not to be despis●d of any as being a base son to Robert Duke of Normandy but proceed further to shew by what means he came to be crowned King of England In the Summary of English Chronicles in pag. 37. declares unto us that William the Conquerer came to be crowned King of England by Conquest in these words William Duke of Normandy surnamed Conquerer base Son to Robert the sixth Duke of that Dutchie and Nephew unto King Edward began his Reign over this Realm of England the 14th of October in the yeer of our Lord 1066. after the battell at Hastings Duke William came to London where with great joy he was received both of the Clergy and people and was proclaimed King and crowned on Christmas day by Aldred Archbishop of York It must be agreed on by all parties that God gives the Kingdoms of the Earth to whomsoever he will Dan. 4. 32. 35. So God gave all Kingdoms of the Earth unto Nebuchadnezzar but if Nebuchadnezzar tyrannise over the people then great Kings