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A35757 A Description of Buda, in its ancient and present state with an exact and compleat account of the siege thereof : began by the Duke of Lorrain, July 14. 1684, and continued by him and the elector of Bavaria, till November the first, at which time the siege was raised. 1685 (1685) Wing D1146; ESTC R41092 4,472 1

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A Description of BUDA in its Ancient and Present State With an Exact and Compleat Account of the SIEGE thereof Began by the Duke of Lorrain July 14. 1684 and Continued by him and the Elector of Bavaria till November the First at which time the Siege was Raised BUDA which was ever accounted the most considerable and important City in Hungary is by the Dutch called Offeir and supposed by some Historians to be the Curia of Ptolemy but by others with more probability thought to be the Abriueum of Amoninus and to have received its name of Buda either from Buda the Brother of Mila by whom it is said to be rebuilt or else from the Budini a Scythian People mentioned in Herodotus It is very pleasantly though somewhat unevenly situated amidst divers Hills in the pleasantest and most fruitful part of all the Country on the South side of the Danow It is curiously beautisied and adorned with many great and sumptuous Buildings and Publick Edif●●●s and exceedingly well fortified with a well built Wall and a strong Castle supposed to be impregnable therefore continually watched by the jealous Turks with all imaginable care and diligence lest it should be surprized It is furnished with several pleasant and medicinal Baths which are the greatest part of their present pomp and s●mptuousness to their new Masters the Turks who took it from the Christians May 20. 1591. It was anciently the Metropolis of the Kingdom and the Royal Seat of the Kings of Hungary and by that means was grown both populous and rich But Solyman the Magnificent after he had conquered the Rhodians seeing the Christian Princes at variance among themselves and that their discords grew to a greater heat he resolved to take the opportunity to inlarge his Dominion And therefore raising an Army of Two hundred thousand Horse and Foot he fell like a raging Tempest upon Hungary subduing all before him till he came within sight of the Walls of Buda When Lewis King of Hungary who was young and unacquainted with the hazards of War upon the persuasion of Tomoreus a Fryer and a few other young rash Councillors who aslured him of Victory adventured to issue out and give him Battel contrary to the Opinion of those of more gravity who dissuaded him from so rash and desperate an Attempt but was soon defeated with a miserable slaughter of his Men and himself in his flight as he was passing over a Fenny Ditch was overthrown by his Horses falling backward and smothered in the Mud. Most of the Hungarian Nobility were slain in this Fight and almost all the common Souldiers After which Victory Solyman had most of the strong Cities in Hungaria delivered into his hands who thereupon gave the Kingdom to Joannes Sepusius Vayvod of Transilvania But no sooner was he returned to Constantinople and John crowned but Ferdinand King of Bohemia claimed the Kingdom and being aided by his Brother Charles the Fifth Emperour of Germany entred into Hungary with a great Army and with little or no resistance took this strong City of Buda And then marching to the Castle of Tocai where King John lay with his Army he gave him Battel and after a bloody Fight obtain'd the Victory and forced John to save himself by flying into Poland John being now driven out of the Kingdom Ferdinand caused himself to be crowned King at Alba Regalis the usual place for the Coronation of the Hungarian Kings And this Ferdinand being after the death of his Brother Charles chosen Emperour it hath ever since remained as the Hereditary Possession of all his Successors But John storming at his being thus thrust out of his Kingdom mightily importuned Sigismond King of Poland to reinthrone him but not prevailing there he applied himself to the Grand Signior who had at first advanced him to be King intreating him now to aid him against Ferdinand and restore him again to his lost Dominion Solyman thereupon resolving to maintain the Crown upon the Head of this King of his making reentred Hungary with an huge Army conquering all before him till he came to Buda which was as soon as he came before it surrendred to him with little or no resistance together with the strong Castle and hath ever since remained in the Turks possession And as it had ever been till this time the Royal Seat of the King of Hungary so hath it ever since it was possessed by the Turks been the Residence of their chief Bassa and hath proved more prejudicial and injurious to the Emperial Territories than all the Turkish Garrisons in Hungary besides But the Grand Vizier being overthrown before Vienna and forced to raise his Siege and retire back into Hungary he was pursued thither by the King of Poland and the Imperial Forces And after several defeats given to the Turks the Duke of Lorrain with the Imperial Army sate down before Buda on the 14th of July 1684. And on the 19th took the lower Town by Assault 2500 Janisaries and other Turkish Souldiers being slain in the dispute The next day the Duke attackt the Fort of St. Gerard which the Turks were forced to abandon together with all the Cannon that was in it After the abandoning of this Fort the Duke being informed that an Enemy of Turks that lay hovering about three Miles from Buda under the Command of the Serasquier Bassa he resolved to remove them before he proceeded any further in the Siege Wherefore taking most of his Cavalry and about 1000 Foot he marcht with them all night and came to their Camp about break of day and fell upon them with such courage and fierceness that after a Fight of four hours he gave them a total overthrow forcing them to abandon their Camp together with their Infantry Cannon and Baggage four or five thousand Men being slain on the place This Victory thus obtained he begirt Buda more strictly than before whereupon the Turks made several desperate Sallies wherein they pressed hard upon the Christians who had the Guard of the Trenches but were still beaten back with great loss In the mean time the Duke continued to batter the Town with his Cannon and Bombs to spring several Mines wherewith he did great Execution and made a large Breach in the Wall but there being no want of help in the Town in regard there were Eighteen or Nineteen thousand Men in Garrison they quickly made up the Breaches and being resolved to hold out to the last made several Reintrenchments within the Wall And the Serasquier Bassa who still hovered about Alba Regalis made several Attempts to force Count Leslies Camp who lay with an Army at the Bridge of Iurannovitz on the River Drave to cover the Siege but was always repulsed with loss The Bassa of Buda being slain another of the Turkish Bassa's took that command and appeared more resolute in the defence of the Town than the former And when the Elector of Bavaria sent a Messenger into the Town to acquaint