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A25867 The arraignment and conviction of Sr VValter Rawleigh, at the Kings Bench-barre at Winchester. on the 17. of November. 1603. Before the right Honorable the Earle of Suffolke, Lord Chamberline, the Earle of Devon-shire, Lord Henry Howard, Lord Cecill, Lord Wotton, Sir John Stanhope Lord Chiefe Justice of the Common-pleas, Popham and Andrewes, Justice Gaudy, Justice Warberton, Sir William Wade, commissioners. / Coppied by Sir Tho: Overbury. Raleigh, Walter, Sir, 1552?-1618.; Overbury, Thomas, Sir, d. 1684. 1648 (1648) Wing A3744; ESTC R206249 25,636 40

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Westminster The 28. of October 1618. Together with his execution at Westminster on the 29 of October Anno the 16. Iacobi Regis c. UPon Wednesday the 28 of October Anno. Dom. 1618. The Lievtenant of the Tower according to a warrant to him directed brought Sir Walter Rawleigh from the Tower to the Kings Bench Barre at Westminster where the Recordes of his arraignment at Winchester was opened And he demanded why execution should not be done upon him according to the judgement therein pronounced against him To which he began in way of answer to justifie himself in his proceedings in the late voyage But the Lord Chiefe Justice silenced him therein saying there was no other matter there in question but concerning the judgement of death that formerly hath been given against him The which the Kings pleasure was upon some occasions best knowne to himselfe to have executed unlesse he could shew good cause to the contrary Unto which Sir Walter Rawleigh said that he was told by his Councell That in regard his Majestie since the said judgement had been pleased to imploy him in his service as by Commission he had done it made void the said judgment and was a verification unto him But the Lord Chiefe Justice told him that he was therein deceived and that the opinion of the Court was to the contrary Wherewith he was satisfyed and desired that some reasonable time might be allowed him to prepare him selfe for death But it was answered him that the time appointed was on the morrow and that it was not to be doubted but that he had prepared himselfe for death long since And I am glad said the L. Chief Justice that you have given the world so good satisfaction of your Religion as by some bookes published by you you have And so Master Atturney Generall requiring in the Kings behalfe that execution might be done upon the prisoner according to the foresaid judgement The Sheriffs of Middlesex were commanded for that purpose to take him to their custody who presently carryed him to the Gate-house From whence the next morning betweene the Sheriffs of Middlesex Sir Walter Rawleigh was brought to the old Palace in Westminster where a large Scaffold was erected for the execution Whereupon when he came with a cheerfull countenance he saluted the Lords Knights and Gentlemen there present After which a Proclamation was made for silence and he addressed himselfe to speake in this manner I desire to be borne withall for this is the third day of my feaver and if I shall shew any weaknesse I beseech you to attribute it to my mallady for this is the hour in which it is wont to come Then pawsing a while he sate and directed himselfe towards a window where the Lord of Arundel Northampton and Doncaster with some other Lords and Knights sat and spake as followeth I thanke God of his infinite Goodnesse that he hath brought me to die in the light and not in darknesse but by reason that the place where the Lords c. sate was some distance from the Scaffold that he perceived they could not well hear him he said I will straine my voice for I would willingly have your honours heare me But my Lord of Arundel said Nay we will rather come downe to the Scaffold which he and some others did Where being come he saluted them severally and then began againe to speake as followeth viz. As I said I thanke God heartily that he hath brought me into the light to dye and that he hath not suffered me to dye in the darke prison of the Tower where I have suffered a great deale of misery and cruell sicknesse and I thanke God that my feaver hath not taken me at this time as I prayed to God it might not There are two maine points of suspition that his Majestie as I heare hath conceived against mee To resolve your Lordships wherein his Majesty cannot be satisfied which I desire to cleer and to resolve your Lordships off One is that his Majesty hath been informed that I have often had plotts with France and his Majesty had good reason to induce him thereunto One reason that his Majesty had to conjecture so was that when I came back from Guyana being come to Plymouth I endeavoured to go in a barke to Rochell which was for that I would have made my peace before I had come to Englande Another reason was upon my flight I did intend to fly into France for the saving of my selfe having had some terror from above A third reason is his Majesty had reason to suspect was the French Agents coming to me besides it was reported that I had a Commission from the Frech King at my going forth these are the reasons that his Majesty had as I am informed to suspect me But this I say for a man to call God to witnesse to a falshood at the hour of death is farre more grievous and impious and that a man that so doth cannot have salvation for he hath no time of repentance then what shall I expect that am going instantly to render up my account I do therefore call God to witnesse As I hope to be saved and as I hope to see him in his Kingdom which I hope I shall within this quarter of this houre I never had any Commission from the French King nor never saw the French Kings hand writing in all my life neither know I that there was a French Agent nor what he was till I mett him in my gallery at my lodging unlooked for If I speake not true O Lord let me never enter into thy Kingdome The second suspition was that his Majesty had been informed that I should speake dishonorably and disloyally of my Soveraigne But my accuser was a base french man a runnagate fellow one that hath no dwelling a kinde of a Chymicall fellow one that I knew to be persideous for being by him drawne into the Action of fearing my selfe at Winchester in which I confesse my hand was toucht hee being sworne to secrecie over night revealed it the next Morning But this I speake now what have I to doe with Kings I have nothing to doe with them neither doe I feare them I have onely now to doe with my God in whose presence I stand therefore to tell a lye were it to gaine the Kings favour were vaine Therefore as I hope to be saved at the last judgement day I never spake dishonorably disloyally or dishonestly of his Majesty in all my life And therefore I cannot but thinke it strange that that Frenchman being so base and meane a fellow should be so farr credited as he hath been I have dealt truely as I hope to be saved and I hope I shall be beleeved I confesse I did attempt to escape I cannot excuse it but it was onely to save my life And I doe likewise confesse that I did faigne my selfe to be ill disposed and sick at Salisbury but I hope it was no
this instant to render up an account to God and I protest as I shall appeare before him this that I have spoken is true and I hope I shal be beleeved Then a proclamation being made that all men should depart the Scaffold he prepared himselfe for death giving away his hat his cap vvith some mony to such as he knevv that stood neer him And then taking his leave of the Lords Knights Gentlemen and others of his acquaintance and amongst the rest taking his leave of my Lord of Arundel he thanked him for his company and intreated him to desire the King that no scandalous vvriting to defame him might be published after his death saying further unto him I have a long journey to go and therefore I vvill take my leave And then putting off his doublet and govvne he desired the headsman to shevv him the Axe vvhich not being suddenly granted unto him he said I prethee let me see it dost thou thinke that I am afraid of it so it being given unto him he felt along upon the edge of it and smiling spake unto M. Sheriffe saying this is a sharpe medecine but it is a physitian that will cure all diseases Then going to and fro upon the Scaffold on every side he intreated the company to pray to God to give him strength Then having ended his speech the executioner kneeled downe and asked him forgivenesse the which laying his hand upon his shoulder he forgave him Then being asked which way he would lay himself on the block he made answer and said so the heart be streight it is no matter which way the head lyeth So laying his head on the block his face being towards the East the headsman throwing downe his owne cloak because he would not spoyl the prisoners gowne he giving the headsman a signe when he should strike by lifting up his hands the executioner strook of his head at two blowes his body never shrinking nor mooving his head was shewed on each side of the Scaffold and then put into a red leather bag and his wrought velvet gowne throwne over it which was afterwards conveyed away in a mourning coach of his Ladyes Sir Walter Rawleigh's Letter to the King the night before his death THe life which I had most mighty Prince the law hath taken from me and I am now but the same earth and dust out of which I was made If my offence had any proportion with your Majesties mercy I might despaire or if my deserving had any quantity with your Majesties unmeasurable goodnesse I might yet have hope but it is you that must judge and not I name blood gentility or estate I have none no not so much as a being no not so much as a vitam planta I have onely a penetent soule in a body of iron which mooveth towards the load-stone of death and cannot be withheld from touching it except your Majesties mercy turne the point towards me that expelleth Lost I am for hearing of vain man for hearing only and never beleeving nor accepting and so little account I made of that speech of his which was my condemnation as my forsaking him doth truly witnesse that I never remembred any such thing till it was at my tryall objected against me So did he repay my care who cared to make him good which I now see no care of man can effect But God for my offence to him hath laid this heavy burthen on me miserable and unfortunate wretch that I am But for not loving you my Soveraigne God hath not layd this sorrow on me for he knowes with whom I am not in case to lye that I honored your Majesty by same and loved and admired you by knowledge So that whither I live or dye your Majesties loving servant I will live and die If now I write what seemes not well favoured Most mercifull Prince vouchsafe to asscribe it to the councell of a dead heart and to a minde that sorrow hath confounded But the more my misery is the more is your Majesties mercy if you please to behold it and the lesse I can deserve the more liberall your Majesties gift shall be herein you shall onely imitate God giving free life and by giving to such a one from whom there can be no retribution but onely a desire to pay a lent life with the same great love which the same great goodnesse shall bestow on it This being the first letter that ever your Majesty received from a dead man I humbly submit my selfe to the will of God my supream Lord and shall willingly and patiently suffer whatsoever it shall please your Majestie to afflict me withall Walter Rawleigh The Copy of Sir Walter Rawleighs Letter to his Wife the night before his death YOu shall now receive my deare wife my last words in these my last lines My love I send you that you may keep it when I am dead and my cou●cell that you may remember it when I am no more I would not by my will present you with sorrowes Deare Besse let them go into the grave with me and be buried in the dust And seeing that it is not Gods will that I should see you any more in this life beare in patiently and with a heart like thy selfe first I send you all the thankes which my heart can conceive or my words can reherse for your many travailes and care taken for me which though they have not taken effect as you wished yet my debt to you is not the lesse but pay it I never shall in this world Secondly I beseech you for the love you beare me living do not hide your selfe many dayes but by your travailes seeke to helpe your miserable fortunes and the right of your poor childe Thy mourning cannot availe me I am but dust Thirdly you shall understand that my land was conveyed bona fide to my childe the writings were drawne at midsummer was twelve months my honest cosen Brett can testify so much and Dolberry too can remem●er somewhat therein And I trust my blood will quench their malice that have cruelly murthered me and that they will not seek also to kill thee and thine with extreame poverty To what friend to direct thee I know not for all mine have left me in the true time of tryall And I perceive that my death was determined from the first day Most sorry I am God knowes that being thus surprised with death I can leave you in no better estate God is my witnesse I meant you all my office of wines or all that I could have purchased by selling it halfe my stuffe and all my jewels but some one for the boy but God hath prevented all my resolutions That great God that ruleth all in all but if you can live free from want care for no more the rest is but vanity Love God and begin betimes to repose your selfe upon him and therein shall you finde true and lasting riches and endlesse comfort for the rest when you have travelled and wearied your thoughts ver all sorts of worldly cogitations you shall but sit downe by sorrow in the end Teach your son also to love and feare God whilst he is yet young that the feare of God may grow with him and then God will be a husband to you and a father to him a husband and a father which cannot be taken from you Baily oweth me 200 pounds and Adrian 600 in Iersey I also have much owing me besides The arrearrages of the wines will pay your debts And howsoever you do for my soules sake pay all poore men When I am gone no doubt you shall be sought too for the world thinkes that I was very rich But take heed of the pretences of men and their affections for they last not but in honest and worthy men and no greater misery can befall you in this life then to become a prey and afterwards to be despised I speake not this God knowes to disswade you from marriage for it will be best for you both in respect of the world and of God As for me I am no more yours nor you mine death hath cut us asunder and God hath divided me from the world and you from me Remember your poore childe for his fathers sake who chose you and loved you in his happiest times Get those letters if it be possible which I writ to the Lords wherein I sued for my life God is my witnesse it was for you and yours that I desired life but it is true that I disdained my self for begging of it for know it my deare wife that your son is the son of a true man and who in his owne respect despiseth death and all his mishapen ugly formes I cannot write much God he knows how hardly I steale this time while others sleep and it is also time that I should separate my thoughts from the world Begg my dead body which living was denied thee and either lay it at Sherburne and if the land continue or in Exeter-Church by my Father and Mother I can say no more time and death call me away The everlasting powerfull infinite and omnipotent God That Almighty God who is goodnesse it selfe the true life and true light keep thee and thine have mercy on me and teach me to forgive my persecutors and accusers and send us to meet in his glorious Kingdome My deare wife farewell Blesse my poore boy Pray for me and let my good God hold you both in his armes Written with the dying hand of sometimes thy Husband but now alasse overthrowne Walter Rawleigh FINIS