have_v it_o in_o his_o power_n to_o revenge_v himself_o on_o fortune_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o he_o fall_v foul_a of_o her_o favourite_n and_o moreover_o rather_o blame_v himself_o for_o condescend_v to_o play_v with_o he_o and_o likewise_o thank_v he_o for_o put_v he_o in_o mind_n by_o that_o blow_n how_o unworthy_a it_o be_v for_o a_o prince_n to_o bestow_v his_o time_n so_o ill_o and_o last_o as_o a_o further_a argument_n of_o his_o dissent_v from_o his_o brother_n principle_n he_o return_v the_o courtier_n all_o his_o money_n again_o restore_v miecislaus_fw-la be_v exclude_v retire_v with_o his_o princess_n and_o child_n to_o ratisbon_n to_o the_o emperor_n frederic_n his_o kinsman_n who_o yet_o can_v do_v he_o no_o good_a he_o be_v engage_v at_o that_o time_n in_o war_n both_o in_o italy_n and_o asia_n therefore_o his_o next_o recourse_n be_v to_o his_o brother_n clemency_n this_o so_o far_o wrought_v upon_o casimir_n that_o he_o make_v a_o speech_n to_o the_o senate_n to_o 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no_o long_o oblige_v to_o keep_v his_o oath_n than_o when_o it_o be_v neither_o safe_a nor_o beneficial_a for_o he_o to_o break_v it_o hereupon_o dethrone_v the_o palatin_n of_o cracovia_n seize_v on_o the_o restore_v city_n of_o cracow_n and_o receive_v lescus_n a_o second_o time_n whilst_o miecislaus_fw-la be_v then_o absent_a by_o all_o the_o intrigue_n imaginable_a endeavour_v to_o be_v restore_v whereupon_o he_o flatter_v the_o people_n persuade_v they_o that_o lescus_n his_o party_n have_v cast_v false_a aspersion_n upon_o he_o and_o that_o if_o he_o do_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n he_o be_v mere_o betray_v to_o it_o by_o the_o malicious_a persuasion_n of_o his_o pretend_a friend_n by_o these_o and_o such_o like_a fair_a word_n he_o jull_v asleep_o the_o credulous_a people_n and_o gain_v their_o affection_n the_o three_o time_n whereupon_o he_o send_v to_o the_o queen_n to_o inform_v she_o that_o nicholas_n palatin_n of_o cracovia_n have_v be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o late_a disturbance_n and_o therefore_o will_v she_o to_o remove_v he_o from_o court_n and_o receive_v himself_o again_o which_o she_o pity_v his_o unfortunate_a case_n even_o in_o prejudice_n of_o she_o own_o son_n be_v incline_v to_o do_v and_o will_v therefore_o admit_v of_o no_o justification_n from_o the_o palatin_n whereupon_o this_o person_n be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a authority_n in_o the_o kingdom_n go_v and_o join_v miecislaus_fw-la many_o follow_v his_o example_n and_o in_o short_a the_o queen_n be_v quick_o force_v to_o recall_v miecislaus_fw-la a_o three_o time_n 1202._o in_o the_o year_n 1202._o when_o be_v reinthron_v he_o requite_v queen_n helena_n for_o her_o service_n by_o seize_v upon_o the_o territory_n of_o voslicia_n and_o three_o other_o place_n in_o sendomir_n which_o of_o right_n belong_v to_o she_o and_o be_v about_o to_o do_v the_o same_o to_o several_a other_o he_o be_v prevent_v by_o a_o sudden_a death_n in_o the_o seventy_o three_o year_n of_o death_n his_o age_n leave_v two_o son_n otho_n and_o vladislaus_n lasconogus_n after_o miecislaus_fw-la his_o death_n the_o great_a part_n vote_v for_o lescus_n v._o that_o be_v still_o alive_a but_o nicholas_n palatin_n of_o cracovia_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o cracow_n his_o brother_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n consent_n to_o it_o 103._o unless_o lescus_n will_v banish_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n govoric_n palatin_n of_o sendomir_n of_o who_o they_o be_v both_o very_a jealous_a lescus_n answer_v he_o will_v not_o buy_v a_o kingdom_n which_o by_o right_n be_v his_o own_o by_o do_v a_o injury_n to_o his_o friend_n hereupon_o by_o the_o bishop_n and_o palatin_n interest_n he_o be_v put_v by_o and_o 1203._o uladislaus_n lasconogus_n that_o be_v thin-foot_n elect_v in_o the_o year_n 1203._o but_o this_o good_a prince_n consider_v lescus_n his_o right_n after_o crown_n three_o year_n reign_v voluntary_o surrender_v to_o he_o when_o 1206._o lescus_n be_v receive_v the_o three_o time_n in_o the_o 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marry_v to_o ferdinand_n of_o austria_n whereby_o that_o house_n come_v into_o possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o hungary_n and_o bohemia_n as_o likewise_o of_o silesia_n all_o which_o it_o enjoy_v to_o this_o day_n sigismond_n die_v not_o long_o after_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n begin_v be_v 82_o year_n old_a and_o have_v reign_v about_o 40_o with_o great_a success_n paulus_n jovius_n say_v that_o in_o this_o king_n time_n there_o be_v three_o hero_n viz._n the_o emperor_n charles_n v._o francis_n i._o king_n of_o france_n and_o sigismond_n i._o king_n of_o poland_n each_o of_o which_o deserve_v alone_o to_o govern_v the_o universe_n have_v they_o not_o happen_v to_o live_v at_o the_o same_o time_n issue_n this_o king_n be_v as_o famous_a in_o peace_n as_o war_n be_v adorn_v with_o more_o virtue_n than_o any_o prince_n of_o poland_n before_o he_o beside_o which_o perfection_n of_o his_o mind_n he_o have_v also_o great_a strength_n of_o 90._o body_n for_o he_o be_v report_v to_o 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present_o fetch_v they_o down_o a_o small_a parcel_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o her_o hand_n tell_v she_o they_o will_v keep_v that_o for_o themselves_o and_o christ_n shall_v bless_v she_o and_o increase_v her_o store_n whereupon_o inquire_v far_o if_o she_o have_v any_o more_o she_o show_v they_o another_o parcel_n but_o they_o be_v about_o to_o do_v the_o like_a by_o that_o as_o they_o do_v by_o the_o other_o she_o tell_v they_o her_o husband_n not_o be_v within_o she_o dare_v by_o no_o mean_n part_n with_o it_o which_o answer_v displease_v these_o impostor_n they_o privy_o slide_v a_o piece_n of_o light_a coal_n among_o the_o linen_n which_o the_o woman_n not_o know_v any_o thing_n of_o take_v the_o parcel_n and_o lock_v it_o up_o in_o her_o chest_n as_o before_o but_o which_o not_o long_o after_o burst_v out_o into_o a_o flame_n first_o burn_v the_o chest_n and_o then_o the_o house_n the_o husband_n come_v home_o and_o find_v his_o house_n on_o fire_n inquire_v into_o the_o 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several_a way_n but_o the_o delude_a countryman_n close_o pursue_v they_o at_o length_n overtake_v they_o and_o surround_v they_o with_o club_n scourge_v and_o the_o like_a lay_v they_o on_o most_o unmerciful_o cry_v all_o the_o while_n prophesy_v to_o we_o o_o christ_n with_o thy_o disciple_n in_o what_o wood_n do_v these_o club_n and_o scourge_v grow_v by_o this_o severe_a discipline_n these_o impostor_n have_v be_v total_o reform_v confess_v that_o it_o be_v no_o small_a task_n to_o imitate_v christ_n and_o his_o apostle_n before_o his_o death_n sigismond_n get_v the_o diet_n to_o elect_v his_o son_n 1548._o sigismond_n ii_o surname_v afterward_o augustus_n who_o be_v crown_v in_o the_o year_n 1548_o and_o reign_v to_o 1576._o etc._n the_o diet_n be_v very_o angry_a diet._n with_o he_o that_o after_o his_o coronation_n he_o marry_v the_o lady_n radzivil_n widow_n to_o a_o woievod_n without_o their_o consent_n which_o be_v against_o the_o constitution_n of_o that_o kingdom_n but_o this_o queen_n die_v soon_o after_o without_o child_n they_o agree_v to_o his_o marriage_n with_o the_o princess_n catharine_n another_o widow_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n which_o be_v before_o marry_v to_o francis_n duke_n of_o mantua_n in_o his_o time_n livonia_n which_o be_v a_o great_a province_n that_o lie_v between_o prussia_n swedeland_n muscovy_n and_o lithuania_n whereof_o part_n belong_v to_o the_o teutonic_n order_n and_o part_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o riga_n be_v the_o whole_a under_o protection_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v like_a to_o have_v be_v overrun_v by_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n who_o bring_v thither_o a_o powerful_a army_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o take_v most_o of_o its_o to_n whereupon_o the_o inhabitant_n find_v they_o be_v not_o able_a alone_o to_o resist_v so_o great_a a_o force_n send_v to_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n for_o relief_n who_o be_v
it_o with_o both_o its_o castle_n when_o jawnutus_n fly_v towards_o a_o neighbour_a wood_n be_v there_o take_v by_o keijstutus_n his_o man_n and_o be_v bring_v back_o to_o his_o brother_n be_v by_o he_o order_v to_o be_v clap_v in_o chain_n a_o little_a while_n afterward_o olgerdus_n return_v keijstutus_n will_v have_v surrender_v to_o he_o the_o crown_n as_o be_v his_o elder_a brother_n but_o which_o olgerdus_n refuse_v say_v it_o be_v due_a neither_o to_o his_o fortune_n nor_o merit_n and_o therefore_o he_o will_v not_o pretend_v to_o deserve_v it_o by_o birth_n but_o at_o length_n they_o both_o agree_v to_o divide_v those_o dominion_n between_o they_o and_o vilna_n with_o the_o supreme_a authority_n fall_v to_o olgerdus_fw-fr but_o nevertheless_o they_o both_o bind_v themselves_o by_o oath_n to_o entrench_v upon_o neither_o dominion_n to_o their_o brother_n jawnutus_n they_o yield_v the_o palatinate_n of_o braslaw_n in_o russia_n olgerdus_fw-fr olgerdus_fw-fr be_v thus_o possess_v of_o the_o throne_n begin_v his_o reign_n with_o invade_v prussia_n and_o livonia_n where_o the_o teutonic_n knight_n do_v not_o dare_v to_o oppose_v he_o so_o that_o have_v overrun_v all_o those_o country_n and_o load_v his_o army_n with_o spoil_n he_o return_v triumphant_o to_o lithuania_n where_o he_o sacrifice_v the_o captive_a knight_n to_o his_o father_n ghost_n who_o they_o have_v kill_v the_o same_o year_n olgerdus_n march_v silent_o against_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n which_o he_o destroy_v and_o plunder_v up_o as_o far_o as_o frankfurt_n and_o all_o along_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n oder_fw-ge next_o he_o drive_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o podolia_n build_v about_o which_o time_n caminiec_n be_v build_v by_o his_o brother_n son_n afterward_o janowitz_n czar_n of_o muscovy_n be_v puff_v up_o with_o his_o great_a power_n send_v to_o olgerdus_n then_o lie_v sick_a of_o a_o fever_n at_o witebsko_n that_o before_o a_o month_n be_v at_o a_o end_n he_o will_v make_v he_o such_o visit_n as_o shall_v fright_v he_o into_o a_o ague_n to_o which_o haughty_a message_n olgerdus_n only_o return_v that_o since_o he_o know_v his_o mind_n he_o will_v prevent_v his_o journey_n and_o wait_v on_o he_o at_o moscow_n whereupon_o leap_v out_o of_o his_o bed_n he_o expose_v his_o life_n to_o his_o honour_n but_o which_o as_o it_o happen_v do_v well_o enough_o for_o he_o recover_v in_o few_o day_n and_o get_v speedy_o together_o a_o considerable_a army_n he_o march_v forthwith_o into_o moscovy_n lay_v siege_n to_o moscow_n and_o take_v it_o together_o with_o the_o baffle_a czar_n who_o he_o force_v before_o he_o leave_v he_o to_o agree_v to_o a_o dishonourable_a peace_n and_o leave_v he_o in_o possession_n of_o great_a part_n of_o his_o empire_n after_o which_o he_o reduce_v the_o major_a part_n of_o russia_n which_o he_o join_v to_o his_o dominion_n they_o have_v former_o be_v only_o wont_a to_o pay_v tribute_n to_o lithuania_n this_o prince_n have_v by_o mary_n his_o wife_n twelve_o son_n of_o which_o jagello_n and_o skiergelo_n only_o be_v great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n after_o he_o his_o brother_n keijstutus_n have_v six_o son_n whereof_o vitoldus_n and_o sigismundus_n come_v to_o be_v great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n 1381._o olgerdus_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1381_o jagello_n ascend_v his_o throne_n with_o consent_n of_o his_o uncle_n keijstutus_n this_o duke_n have_v a_o favourite_n courtier_n one_o voidilus_n a_o man_n of_o a_o obscure_a descent_n and_o who_o he_o have_v raise_v from_o his_o baker_n to_o be_v his_o secretary_n and_o prime_a minister_n this_o person_n he_o affect_v so_o dear_o that_o he_o give_v he_o his_o sister_n in_o marriage_n which_o be_v high_o displease_v to_o his_o uncle_n who_o protest_v earnest_o against_o it_o whereupon_o this_o subtle_a upstart_n fear_v lest_o keijstutus_n may_v one_o day_n or_o other_o put_v he_o out_o of_o favour_n with_o his_o prince_n he_o prevail_v with_o jagello_n to_o look_v upon_o his_o uncle_n as_o his_o enemy_n and_o to_o proceed_v against_o he_o according_o which_o jagello_n be_v young_a be_v easy_o persuade_v to_o do_v therefore_o clap_v up_o a_o secret_a truce_n with_o the_o teutonic_n knight_n with_o who_o he_o be_v before_o in_o war_n he_o make_v all_o imaginable_a preparation_n against_o his_o uncle_n which_o keijstutus_n be_v inform_v of_o be_v immediate_o alarm_v at_o till_o his_o son_n vitoldus_n quiet_v his_o suspicion_n by_o persuade_v he_o that_o jagello_n will_v never_o attempt_v any_o such_o thing_n but_o at_o length_n jagello_n march_v against_o the_o russian_n of_o polocz_n which_o be_v then_o his_o uncle_n subject_n his_o design_n be_v pass_v all_o doubt_n and_o therefore_o keijstutus_n get_v together_o what_o force_v he_o can_v upon_o so_o short_a a_o warn_v and_o invade_v his_o nephew_n territory_n where_o he_o take_v vilna_n and_o will_v have_v proceed_v have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o his_o son_n vitoldus_n who_o still_o continue_v jagello_n friend_n but_o afterward_o keijstutus_n be_v busy_v in_o subdue_a the_o traitor_n koributh_n jagello_n not_o only_o retake_v vilna_n but_o also_o besiege_v and_o gain_v troki_n by_o treachery_n which_o keijstutus_n march_v to_o recover_v he_o together_o with_o his_o son_n vitoldus_n be_v betray_v into_o jagello_n hand_n by_o mean_n of_o his_o brother_n skergelo_n who_o pretend_v to_o bring_v these_o two_o prince_n amicable_o together_o but_o jagello_n have_v once_o get_v his_o uncle_n into_o his_o clutch_n detain_v he_o and_o throw_v he_o into_o chain_n and_o afterward_o order_v he_o to_o be_v strangle_v in_o his_o prison_n at_o kreva_n his_o cousin_n german_n vitoldus_n he_o ungrateful_o keep_v a_o long_a while_n in_o bond_n at_o vilna_n who_o afterward_o be_v remove_v to_o kreva_n and_o a_o time_n appoint_v for_o his_o death_n escape_v by_o mean_n of_o his_o wife_n who_o always_o have_v free_a access_n to_o he_o by_o exchange_v habit_n with_o one_o of_o her_o servant_n get_v her_o husband_n away_o in_o she_o own_o hence_o he_o flee_v to_o his_o kinsman_n john_n duke_n of_o masovia_n but_o not_o think_v himself_o secure_a there_o he_o afterward_o go_v into_o prussia_n where_o at_o first_o he_o be_v reprove_v by_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o teutonic_n order_n for_o have_v recourse_n to_o they_o only_o in_o time_n of_o adversity_n but_o afterward_o he_o be_v more_o courteous_o receive_v and_o promise_v their_o assistance_n to_o re-establish_a he_o in_o his_o paternal_a dominion_n whereupon_o together_o with_o the_o samogitian_n who_o favour_v vitoldus_n his_o interest_n they_o make_v a_o inroad_n into_o lithuania_n and_o take_v troki_n but_o they_o be_v afterward_o nevertheless_o force_v to_o surrender_v it_o at_o length_n jagello_n by_o secret_a message_n recall_v his_o kinsman_n out_o of_o prussia_n and_o upon_o his_o promise_n to_o be_v faithful_a to_o he_o settle_v he_o in_o his_o hereditary_a estate_n a_o little_a while_n after_o this_o the_o throne_n of_o poland_n become_v vacant_a by_o lewis_n of_o hungary_n death_n jagello_n be_v invite_v thither_o to_o accept_v that_o crown_n under_o certain_a condition_n which_o may_v appear_v more_o at_o large_a in_o his_o life_n among_o those_o king_n whilst_o jagello_n be_v thus_o absent_a in_o poland_n with_o great_a number_n of_o his_o subject_n who_o go_v to_o wait_v on_o he_o into_o that_o kingdom_n the_o great_a master_n of_o prussia_n and_o livonia_n find_v a_o fit_a opportunity_n enter_v lithuania_n destroy_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n as_o far_o as_o the_o castle_n of_o lucom_a in_o russia_n which_o also_o they_o take_v and_o have_v furnish_v with_o all_o necessary_a defence_n place_v in_o it_o andrew_n jagello_n brother_n upon_o who_o request_n this_o expedition_n have_v be_v undertake_v about_o the_o same_o time_n swetoslaus_n duke_n of_o smolensko_n invade_v russia_n and_o take_v mscislaw_n and_o several_a other_o place_n by_o force_n both_o which_o action_n jagello_n be_v soon_o inform_v of_o immediate_o dispatch_v away_o his_o brother_n skirgelo_n and_o kinsman_n vitoldus_n into_o lithuania_n who_o find_v the_o teutonic_n army_n retire_v forthwith_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o lucom_n which_o have_v take_v they_o proceed_v to_o mscislaw_n which_o they_o likewise_o take_v and_o kill_v swetoslaus_n who_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o it_o afterward_o have_v recover_v all_o the_o other_o revolt_a dominion_n which_o have_v side_v with_o duke_n andrew_n they_o make_v he_o prisoner_n and_o carry_v he_o into_o poland_n he_o be_v order_v by_o his_o brother_n jagello_n to_o be_v cast_v into_o a_o noisome_a dungeon_n whence_o upon_o the_o request_n of_o the_o good-natured_a vitoldus_n he_o be_v not_o long_o after_o deliver_v after_o jagello_n death_n though_o there_o be_v several_a great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n yet_o see_v they_o be_v tributary_n to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n itself_o be_v afterward_o unite_v to_o poland_n under_o
extend_v their_o dominion_n beyond_o those_o of_o any_o state_n in_o europe_n have_v their_o other_o constitution_n be_v as_o well_o ground_v or_o as_o exact_o observe_v for_o though_o the_o pole_n have_v be_v constant_o molest_v by_o their_o neighbour_n the_o suede_n moscovite_n tartar_n turk_n hungarian_n and_o german_n and_o their_o kingdom_n be_v several_a time_n reduce_v to_o extremity_n burn_v and_o plunder_v by_o frequent_a incursion_n put_v into_o convulsion_n and_o desolation_n and_o thousand_o of_o their_o people_n be_v carry_v away_o into_o king_n captivity_n yet_o by_o the_o prudent_a conduct_n and_o courage_n of_o their_o king_n through_o a_o desire_n of_o gain_v the_o affection_n of_o their_o subject_n by_o serve_v their_o country_n zealous_o to_o the_o end_n their_o fame_n and_o merit_n may_v raise_v their_o child_n to_o the_o throne_n after_o their_o death_n the_o pole_n have_v not_o only_o always_o oppose_v but_o likewise_o repulse_v the_o exorbitant_a force_n of_o their_o enemy_n they_o have_v also_o by_o degree_n enlarge_v their_o country_n by_o vast_a conquest_n and_o render_v it_o several_a time_n the_o most_o formidable_a of_o any_o kingdom_n in_o europe_n they_o have_v likewise_o never_o submit_v to_o any_o foreign_a power_n no_o not_o even_o to_o the_o roman_n by_o force_n they_o have_v also_o hitherto_o inviolable_o maintain_v their_o liberty_n property_n and_o peculiar_a manner_n of_o government_n against_o all_o the_o attempt_n both_o of_o their_o enemy_n abroad_o or_o the_o cabal_n form_v either_o by_o themselves_o or_o their_o king_n at_o home_n and_o i_o believe_v i_o may_v say_v to_o their_o great_a commendation_n that_o they_o be_v the_o only_a nation_n in_o the_o world_n who_o have_v keep_v the_o long_a succession_n of_o king_n without_o subject_v themselves_o either_o to_o a_o despotic_a or_o hereditary_a monarchy_n their_o prince_n be_v now_o as_o most_o be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v at_o first_o whole_o elect_v by_o the_o people_n though_o my_o lord_n i_o have_v say_v the_o pole_n have_v never_o exclude_v their_o king_n child_n yet_o must_v it_o be_v understand_v that_o their_o crown_n have_v not_o always_o be_v in_o the_o same_o family_n by_o reason_n that_o from_o time_n to_o time_n the_o royal_a line_n have_v fail_v and_o therefore_o they_o have_v consequent_o be_v oblige_v to_o elect_v prince_n out_o of_o other_o family_n but_o still_o i_o may_v very_o well_o affirm_v that_o there_o have_v never_o be_v any_o stranger_n choose_v except_o in_o the_o present_a election_n where_o the_o precede_a king_n have_v any_o issue_n survive_v prince_n the_o prince_n and_o princess_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v in_o all_o be_v fifty_o two_o whereof_o be_v woman_n as_o venda_n and_o hedwigis_fw-la both_o have_v have_v the_o government_n for_o some_o time_n and_o the_o other_o forty_o eight_o be_v men._n 22._o at_o first_o these_o prince_n be_v only_o style_v deuce_n duke_n or_o general_n of_o poland_n as_o if_o their_o office_n in_o those_o time_n have_v be_v no_o other_o than_o to_o head_n army_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o to_o boleslaus_n chrobry_n they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o crown_v this_o title_n continue_v from_o the_o year_n 550_o to_o the_o year_n 1005._o when_o the_o emperor_n otho_n iii_o create_v boleslaus_n i._o the_o sixteen_o duke_n of_o poland_n king_n king_n be_v the_o second_o christian_n prince_n that_o have_v govern_v that_o country_n all_o before_o he_o and_o miecislaus_fw-la i._n his_o father_n have_v be_v pagan_n as_o be_v likewise_o the_o pole_n themselves_o till_o the_o ten_o century_n when_o this_o miecislaus_fw-la the_o fifteen_o duke_n of_o poland_n turn_v christian_n in_o the_o year_n 964_o in_o pope_n john_n the_o xiiith_n time_n by_o which_o mean_v his_o son_n boleslaus_n come_v to_o have_v the_o title_n of_o king_n all_o the_o prince_n of_o poland_n may_v be_v divide_v king_n into_o four_o class_n whereof_o the_o first_o and_o last_o be_v of_o different_a family_n the_o second_o and_o three_o of_o but_o one_o in_o which_o the_o crown_n pass_v from_o the_o father_n to_o the_o daughter_n the_o first_o class_n reign_v from_o the_o year_n 550_o to_o the_o year_n 830_o the_o second_o from_o 830_o to_o 1382_o the_o three_o from_o 1382_o to_o 1574_o and_o the_o last_o from_o thence_o down_o to_o our_o time_n i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o give_v your_o lordship_n some_o short_a account_n of_o the_o succession_n and_o most_o remarkable_a action_n of_o the_o first_o class_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o poland_n from_o the_o year_n 550_o to_o the_o year_n 830._o 550._o lechus_n 8._o son_n of_o anon_o first_o duke_n of_o poland_n as_o i_o say_v before_o found_v this_o nation_n build_v he_o build_v the_o first_o city_n there_o name_v it_o gnesna_n now_o the_o primate_n see_v as_o likewise_o the_o city_n of_o posnan_n capital_a of_o posnania_n it_o be_v uncertain_a how_o many_o govern_v before_o his_o race_n come_v to_o be_v extinct_a and_o there_o be_v great_a contest_v among_o the_o polish_v historian_n about_o his_o successor_n but_o some_o affirm_v that_o he_o order_v by_o his_o last_o will_n like_a alexander_n the_o great_a that_o they_o shall_v elect_v the_o most_o worthy_a person_n among_o they_o visimirus_n visimirus_n his_o 52._o nephew_n be_v thereupon_o choose_v who_o be_v report_v to_o have_v extend_v his_o dominion_n even_o to_o the_o very_a border_n of_o denmark_n and_o to_o have_v build_v a_o very_a great_a ship_n which_o be_v a_o exceed_a terror_n to_o the_o dane_n he_o be_v also_o say_v to_o have_v give_v that_o nation_n a_o great_a overthrow_n by_o sea_n and_o to_o have_v pursue_v his_o victory_n into_o the_o very_a bowel_n of_o that_o kingdom_n where_o he_o subdue_v many_o province_n and_o conquesis_n build_v several_a city_n whereof_o one_o be_v wismar_n which_o retain_v his_o name_n to_o this_o day_n in_o one_o battle_n this_o visimirus_n be_v say_v to_o have_v take_v the_o danish_a king_n prisoner_n and_o to_o have_v carry_v he_o into_o poland_n whence_o afterward_o be_v release_v and_o conspire_v together_o with_o the_o swede_n and_o holsatian_o he_o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o poland_n with_o a_o numerous_a army_n but_o be_v soon_o meet_v and_o vanquish_v again_o by_o wisimir_n who_o thereupon_o push_v on_o his_o victory_n so_o far_o as_o to_o reduce_v the_o great_a part_n of_o denmark_n which_o he_o then_o unite_v to_o poland_n in_o opposition_n to_o this_o story_n monsieur_fw-fr pauli_n minister_v here_o from_o denmark_n have_v assure_v i_o that_o the_o pole_n never_o make_v any_o conquest_n in_o that_o country_n which_o may_v give_v some_o exception_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n though_o it_o may_v very_o well_o be_v suppose_v that_o several_a king_n reign_v during_o the_o space_n of_o 150_o year_n there_o be_v so_o much_o time_n between_o the_o begin_n of_o lechus_n his_o reign_n and_o the_o election_n of_o cracus_n however_o to_o gratify_v the_o curiosity_n of_o the_o public_a i_o hope_v i_o have_v not_o do_v amiss_o to_o insert_v it_o since_o i_o withal_o quote_v my_o author_n after_o many_o glorious_a action_n have_v great_o augment_v his_o dominion_n this_o wisimir_n die_v death_n without_o issue_n vapovius_fw-la say_v that_o lechus_n his_o posterity_n reign_v all_o that_o space_n of_o time_n between_o he_o and_o cracus_n be_v 150_o year_n yet_o have_v consult_v all_o their_o historian_n i_o can_v find_v no_o manner_n of_o account_n give_v of_o their_o reigâ—â—_n nor_o of_o the_o government_n of_o poland_n in_o all_o that_o space_n of_o time_n lechus_n his_o issue_n be_v extinct_a it_o be_v certain_a the_o woievod_n people_n elect_v twelve_o woievod_n in_o the_o polish_v language_n captain_n of_o war_n to_o govern_v they_o who_o divide_v that_o country_n into_o twelve_o part_n for_o the_o pole_n stick_v close_o to_o their_o liberty_n will_v then_o by_o no_o mean_n put_v the_o government_n into_o one_o man_n hand_n but_o soon_o after_o these_o depose_v palatine_n disagree_v among_o themselves_o the_o people_n choose_v one_o 700._o cracus_n for_o their_o head_n a_o very_a rich_a and_o popular_a person_n report_v to_o have_v be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o the_o gracchi_n at_o rome_n who_o be_v banish_v into_o this_o country_n by_o king_n ancus_n who_o this_o cracus_n be_v all_o historian_n do_v not_o agree_v the_o polish_v writer_n say_v he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o twelve_o woievod_n but_o the_o etc._n bohemian_n affirm_v he_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o their_o country_n he_o gain_v extreme_o upon_o the_o good_a will_n of_o his_o subject_n for_o he_o soon_o appease_v the_o impend_a storm_n of_o a_o civil_a war_n build_v a_o city_n on_o the_o river_n vistula_n 〈◊〉_d call_v it_o after_o his_o own_o name_n cracow_n and_o transfer_v his_o residence_n from_o gnesna_n thither_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o this_o city_n have_v ever_o since_o
besiege_a friend_n when_o meet_v with_o conrade_n who_o come_v to_o oppose_v he_o near_o the_o river_n roba_fw-la he_o entire_o rout_v success_n he_o and_o force_v he_o back_o again_o into_o his_o own_o country_n this_o happen_v about_o the_o year_n 1285._o death_n this_o prince_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o the_o trinity_n at_o cracow_n lescus_n the_o vi_o leave_v no_o child_n his_o kingdom_n consequent_o fall_v into_o great_a distraction_n for_o vladislaus_n locticus_n his_o brother_n seize_v on_o the_o palatinate_n of_o siradia_n and_o boleslaus_n duke_n of_o ploskow_n brother_n to_o conrade_n duke_n of_o masovia_n on_o the_o palatinate_v of_o cracovia_n and_o sendomir_n but_o this_o latter_a be_v soon_o dispossess_v by_o 1290._o henry_n duke_n of_o breslaw_n surname_v the_o honest_a of_o the_o family_n of_o piastus_n in_o the_o year_n 1290_o who_o be_v likewise_o not_o long_o after_o turn_v out_o by_o locticus_n but_o soon_o restore_v and_o reign_v in_o quality_n of_o king_n for_o the_o space_n of_o five_o year_n though_o i_o do_v not_o read_v he_o be_v crown_v he_o appoint_v premislus_n duke_n of_o great_a poland_n for_o his_o successor_n be_v of_o the_o family_n of_o piastus_n likewise_o this_o premislus_n also_o have_v the_o province_n of_o pomerania_n leave_v he_o by_o miescingus_n prince_n of_o that_o country_n 1296._o premislus_n in_o the_o thirty_o eight_o year_n of_o his_o age_n be_v crown_v king_n at_o gnesna_n by_o james_n swinka_n archbishop_n of_o that_o city_n in_o the_o restore_v year_n 1296_o which_o be_v a_o honour_n that_o have_v not_o be_v 40._o do_v to_o any_o prince_n of_o poland_n before_o for_o above_o two_o hundred_o year_n since_o boleslaus_n the_o bold_a kill_v stanislaus_n at_o the_o altar_n but_o premislus_n do_v not_o long_o enjoy_v this_o title_n for_o seven_o month_n after_o his_o coronation_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v murder_v 97._o murder_v by_o some_o brandenburg_n emissary_n that_o marquis_n be_v afraid_a of_o this_o king_n who_o be_v master_n of_o pomerania_n which_o join_v to_o his_o country_n he_o be_v bury_v among_o his_o predecessor_n at_o posnan_n after_o the_o murder_n of_o king_n premislus_n 1296._o uladislaus_n locticus_n so_o call_v from_o the_o word_n 77._o lokiec_n a_o ell_n have_v his_o name_n from_o his_o low_a stature_n brother_n of_o lescus_n the_o black_a be_v choose_v in_o the_o year_n 1296_o and_o reign_v only_o four_o year_n he_o go_v upon_o a_o expedition_n against_o the_o silesian_n that_o be_v war_n incline_v to_o assist_v the_o bohemian_n against_o he_o who_o then_o pretend_v a_o right_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n these_o locticus_n subdue_v and_o have_v considerable_o ravage_v their_o country_n return_v home_o where_o he_o afterward_o give_v himself_o up_o to_o a_o lewd_a and_o debauch_a life_n insomuch_o that_o vice_n he_o neglect_v the_o care_n of_o all_o public_a business_n and_o mind_v nothing_o but_o his_o own_o private_a pleasure_n these_o his_o intolerable_a vice_n bring_v upon_o he_o the_o ill-will_a of_o his_o subject_n insomuch_o that_o after_o three_o year_n reign_n they_o pronounce_v he_o unworthy_a of_o the_o sceptre_n and_o resolve_v to_o elect_v another_o hereupon_o locticus_n be_v dethrone_v dethrone_v they_o invite_v 1300._o winceslaus_fw-la king_n of_o bohemia_n to_o accept_v their_o crown_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o rixa_fw-la daughter_n of_o king_n premislus_n and_o crown_v king_n of_o poland_n in_o the_o year_n 1300_o but_o reign_v only_o to_o 1305._o after_o he_o come_v to_o reign_v he_o persecute_v locticus_n who_o hide_v himself_o for_o some_o time_n but_o be_v force_v at_o last_o to_o quit_v the_o kingdom_n when_o winceslaus_fw-la thus_o see_v himself_o secure_a at_o home_n by_o the_o flight_n of_o locticus_n and_o after_o have_v put_v bohemian_a garrison_n into_o the_o several_a city_n of_o poland_n which_o seem_v very_o policy_n uneasy_a to_o that_o nation_n he_o think_v it_o high_a time_n to_o go_v and_o settle_v affair_n in_o bohemia_n during_o this_o vladislaus_n locticus_n have_v a_o considerable_a party_n in_o the_o kingdom_n which_o daily_o increase_v on_o account_n of_o discontent_n against_o winceslaus_fw-la and_o have_v get_v together_o several_a troop_n out_o of_o hungary_n he_o march_v direct_o war_n towards_o poland_n hear_v that_o the_o bohemian_a government_n be_v somewhat_o burdensome_a to_o that_o nation_n at_o first_o locticus_n have_v considerable_a advantage_n over_o the_o bohemian_n but_o by_o the_o death_n of_o winceslaus_fw-la which_o follow_v soon_o after_o he_o have_v all_o the_o success_n he_o can_v desire_v for_o the_o bohemian_n who_o have_v possession_n of_o the_o garrison_n find_v themselves_o in_o a_o strange_a country_n and_o moreover_o hate_v and_o ill_o think_v on_o by_o the_o people_n be_v afraid_a of_o a_o insurrection_n against_o they_o and_o therefore_o make_v no_o great_a difficulty_n of_o surrender_v to_o locticus_n all_o those_o city_n and_o town_n they_o have_v possession_n of_o as_o cracow_n sendomir_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n young_a winceslaus_fw-la come_v with_o a_o army_n to_o dispute_v his_o father_n kingdom_n with_o locticus_n be_v 118._o murder_v in_o the_o expedition_n it_o be_v think_v by_o order_n of_o the_o emperor_n albert_n and_o since_o his_o time_n the_o bohemian_n have_v ever_o be_v govern_v by_o foreign_a prince_n winceslaus_fw-la king_n death_n of_o poland_n and_o bohemia_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o 147._o prague_n in_o the_o year_n 1305._o 1305._o after_o the_o death_n both_o of_o winceslaus_fw-la the_o father_n and_o son_n vladislaus_n locticus_n be_v restore_v almost_o by_o common_a consent_n in_o the_o year_n 1305_o and_o reign_v to_o the_o year_n 1333._o and_o this_o they_o do_v either_o because_o they_o think_v he_o have_v have_v time_n to_o repent_v and_o mend_v his_o former_a life_n or_o by_o reason_n they_o be_v afraid_a of_o civil_a war_n if_o they_o shall_v elect_v any_o other_o 119._o notwithstanding_o difficulty_n the_o palatinate_n of_o posnania_n and_o kalisch_n have_v a_o fresh_a memory_n of_o his_o past_a dissolute_a life_n will_v never_o acknowledge_v he_o their_o king_n also_o the_o governor_n of_o pomerania_n which_o then_o belong_v to_o poland_n be_v bribe_v by_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n deliver_v up_o to_o he_o all_o the_o city_n of_o that_o province_n as_o likewise_o the_o city_n of_o dantzic_n except_o the_o castle_n which_o the_o governor_n thereof_o one_o bogussa_n be_v true_o loyal_a to_o his_o king_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n surrender_v prussia_n in_o these_o day_n the_o knight_n of_o the_o teutonic_n order_n be_v full_o settle_v in_o prussia_n be_v both_o very_a strong_a and_o very_a rich._n they_o be_v establish_v there_o by_o agreement_n with_o conrade_n brother_n to_o king_n vladislaus_n lasconogus_n for_o assist_v he_o against_o the_o prussian_n when_o he_o be_v oppress_v by_o they_o they_o there_o build_v some_o year_n before_o the_o city_n of_o 120._o marienburg_n appoint_v for_o build_v residence_n of_o their_o great_a master_n here_o locticus_n be_v oblige_v to_o crave_v their_o aid_n against_o the_o rebel_n of_o pomerania_n and_o dantzic_n which_o they_o ready_o grant_v on_o condition_n that_o half_o the_o garrison_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o dantzic_n shall_v be_v of_o their_o troop_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o soon_o become_v master_n of_o the_o whole_a for_o they_o afterward_o not_o only_o turn_v the_o pole_n out_o of_o the_o pole_n castle_n but_o both_o brandenburgher_n and_o pomeranian_o out_o of_o the_o city_n of_o dantzic_n itself_o and_o likewise_o under_o pretence_n of_o assist_v the_o king_n of_o poland_n conquer_v all_o pomerania_n for_o themselves_o when_o be_v master_n thereof_o they_o offer_v to_o buy_v the_o title_n of_o locticus_n for_o money_n which_o he_o refuse_v then_o they_o offer_v the_o same_o sum_n to_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n to_o renounce_v his_o right_n to_o that_o province_n which_o he_o though_o he_o have_v no_o title_n to_o sell_v yet_o be_v wise_a enough_o to_o accept_v their_o prosser_n the_o pole_n be_v very_o sensible_a of_o all_o these_o affront_v and_o injustice_n offer_v they_o by_o the_o teutonic_n order_n but_o before_o they_o proceed_v to_o revenge_n they_o think_v it_o advisable_v to_o 123._o acquaint_v the_o pope_n therewith_o who_o live_v then_o at_o avignon_n who_o after_o four_o year_n delay_n and_o debate_n order_v the_o knight_n to_o give_v due_a fatisfaction_n to_o the_o pole_n but_o they_o have_v have_v four_o year_n respite_n to_o fortify_v themselves_o and_o to_o make_v strong_a alliance_n with_o some_o neighbour_a prince_n and_o beside_o have_v a_o very_a considerable_a army_n on_o foot_n answer_v his_o holiness_n that_o they_o have_v often_o do_v great_a service_n for_o poland_n that_o that_o kingdom_n owe_v they_o sum_n of_o money_n and_o that_o they_o presume_v that_o not_o only_o the_o land_n they_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o in_o prussia_n and_o pomerania_n
be_v lawful_o they_o but_o that_o also_o they_o think_v the_o pole_n oblige_v to_o give_v they_o either_o more_o land_n or_o more_o money_n to_o recompense_v the_o several_a kindness_n they_o have_v do_v pope_n they_o hereupon_o the_o pope_n excommunicate_v this_o order_n and_o the_o pole_n under_o command_n of_o their_o king_n march_v direct_o against_o '_o they_o here_o locticus_n make_v a_o eloquent_a speech_n to_o army_n his_o army_n represent_v the_o many_o affront_v and_o injustice_n they_o have_v receive_v from_o a_o little_a sect_n of_o people_n to_o which_o his_o predecessor_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v out_o of_o mere_a goodness_n give_v their_o protection_n when_o banish_v from_o their_o own_o country_n by_o the_o saracen_n then_o he_o enlarge_v upon_o the_o covetousness_n and_o ambition_n of_o this_o order_n and_o conclude_v by_o encourage_v his_o man_n to_o fight_v brave_o and_o not_o suffer_v those_o to_o become_v their_o master_n who_o be_v at_o first_o their_o vassal_n hereupon_o the_o pole_n animate_v by_o this_o speech_n of_o their_o king_n though_o much_o inferior_a in_o number_n to_o their_o enemy_n yet_o fight_v so_o sierce_o and_o brave_o that_o they_o entire_o rout_v the_o teutonic_n order_n order_n and_o kill_v about_o twenty_o thousand_o of_o their_o man_n though_o they_o themselves_o have_v have_v the_o presumption_n to_o affirm_v that_o they_o do_v not_o lose_v above_o five_o or_o six_o hundred_o 131._o among_o the_o wound_a there_o be_v one_o florianus_n szari_n knight_n of_o that_o order_n who_o have_v his_o belly_n open_v with_o a_o scymiter_n and_o his_o gut_n drop_v out_o which_o he_o hold_v up_o with_o his_o hand_n the_o king_n pass_v by_o pity_v he_o whereupon_o the_o knight_n say_v to_o he_o sir_n a_o man_n in_o his_o village_n suffer_v more_o than_o i_o do_v when_o he_o have_v bad_a neighbour_n the_o king_n admire_v at_o this_o die_a man_n thought_n immediate_o cause_v his_o surgeon_n to_o take_v care_n of_o he_o and_o when_o he_o be_v well_o give_v he_o land_n that_o have_v no_o bad_a neighbour_n about_o it_o 78._o this_o vladislaus_n it_o seem_v not_o be_v thorough_o satisfy_v with_o premislus_n his_o right_n to_o transmit_v the_o title_n of_o king_n to_o his_o posterity_n without_o leave_n of_o the_o pope_n send_v a_o ambassador_n to_o his_o holiness_n to_o request_v a_o liberty_n for_o himself_o pope_n and_o his_o queen_n hedwigis_fw-la to_o be_v crown_v which_o be_v forthwith_o grant_v and_o the_o ceremony_n perform_v in_o the_o cathedral_n of_o cracow_n by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n and_o other_o bishop_n in_o the_o year_n 1320._o the_o king_n long_o after_o die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o cracow_n in_o the_o year_n 1333._o 1333._o casimir_n the_o great_a succeed_v his_o father_n locticus_n be_v elect_v in_o the_o year_n 1333_o and_o knight_n reign_v to_o the_o year_n 1370._o he_o make_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o teutonic_n order_n that_o be_v not_o at_o all_o advantageous_a or_o honourable_a to_o the_o polish_v nation_n the_o knight_n be_v thereby_o still_o to_o remain_v in_o possession_n of_o prussia_n dantzic_n and_o pomerania_n notwithstanding_o the_o threaten_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o bull_n of_o excommunication_n this_o casimir_n have_v no_o child_n he_o be_v the_o last_o male_n of_o the_o family_n of_o piastus_n wherefore_o that_o the_o crown_n may_v not_o go_v altogether_o out_o of_o his_o family_n before_o his_o death_n he_o 166._o prevail_v with_o the_o pole_n to_o elect_v charles_n king_n of_o hungary_n his_o own_o sister_n son_n but_o he_o die_v before_o casimir_n his_o son_n lewis_n be_v choose_v the_o pole_n have_v several_a conquest_n time_n conquer_v russia_n but_o it_o be_v never_o enjoy_v peaceable_o till_o casimir_n time_n who_o have_v have_v better_a success_n than_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n annex_v it_o as_o a_o province_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n the_o province_n of_o masovia_n be_v likewise_o conquer_v by_o he_o and_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n 135._o the_o pole_n have_v never_o hitherto_o any_o write_a law_n and_o but_o very_o few_o make_v deed_n till_o casimir_n begin_v to_o make_v institution_n name_n judge_n create_v magistrate_n build_v fort_n and_o to_o establish_v a_o better_a oeconomy_n in_o the_o kingdom_n than_o any_o prince_n before_o he_o the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o teutonic_n knight_n seem_v very_o rational_a and_o political_a to_o he_o have_v have_v a_o sensible_a experience_n of_o the_o good_a government_n of_o this_o order_n for_o a_o considerable_a time_n wherefore_o he_o introduce_v their_o law_n into_o poland_n which_o have_v continue_v ever_o since_o and_o be_v call_v the_o magdeburg_n law_n character_n this_o casimir_n be_v a_o very_a lewd_a prince_n but_o withal_o exceed_o liberal_a and_o just_a he_o keep_v a_o jewish_a concubine_n at_o who_o request_n he_o grant_v great_a privilege_n to_o that_o people_n he_o gain_v so_o well_o the_o good_a opinion_n and_o affection_n of_o his_o subject_n that_o he_o be_v style_v the_o father_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o a_o great_a many_o 122._o german_n who_o be_v oppress_v by_o their_o own_o prince_n in_o his_o time_n come_v into_o poland_n and_o have_v ever_o since_o inhabit_v the_o foot_n of_o the_o carpathian_n mountain_n the_o daughter_n of_o boguslaus_fw-la duke_n of_o pomerania_n be_v then_o marry_v to_o the_o emperor_n charles_n iu._n casimir_n celebrate_v the_o nuptial_n with_o great_a splendour_n and_o magnisicence_n at_o cracow_n where_o assist_v lewis_n king_n of_o hungary_n sigismond_n king_n of_o denmark_n and_o petrua_n king_n of_o cyprus_n with_o the_o emperor_n and_o many_o prince_n of_o germany_n poland_n and_o other_o country_n valachia_n at_o that_o time_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o republic_n of_o itself_o have_v before_o have_v governor_n which_o they_o call_v hospodar_n the_o last_o of_o which_o be_v dead_a and_o his_o child_n aspire_v to_o the_o same_o dignity_n casimir_n send_v a_o army_n to_o support_v war_n they_o but_o by_o a_o ambush_n of_o the_o valachian_n place_v in_o a_o wood_n be_v entire_o defeat_v casimir_n die_v soon_o after_o this_o of_o a_o fall_n from_o his_o death_n horse_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o cracow_n this_o king_n reign_v thirty_o seven_o year_n and_o live_v sixty_o 102._o he_o be_v surname_v the_o great_a be_v the_o only_a person_n that_o have_v have_v that_o title_n among_o the_o polish_v prince_n not_o because_o he_o have_v gain_v a_o great_a many_o victory_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o beautiful_a structure_n and_o fortress_n he_o have_v build_v as_o likewise_o of_o the_o many_o beneficial_a law_n and_o constituion_n which_o he_o have_v make_v casimir_n be_v the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o family_n of_o piastus_n have_v cause_v his_o own_o nephew_n by_o his_o sister_n 1370._o lewis_n king_n of_o hungary_n to_o be_v elect_v for_o his_o successor_n during_o his_o life-time_n who_o be_v crown_v according_o in_o poland_n in_o the_o year_n 1370_o and_o reign_v 12_o year_n the_o pole_n be_v not_o extraordinary_o well_o satisfy_v with_o he_o be_v a_o foreign_a prince_n and_o therefore_o oath_n oblige_v he_o before_o they_o will_v crown_v he_o to_o take_v a_o 13._o oath_n not_o only_o to_o maintain_v their_o former_a privilege_n but_o also_o to_o enlarge_v they_o for_o hitherto_o the_o successor_n of_o piastus_n have_v almost_o have_v a_o absolute_a power_n in_o poland_n a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o their_o present_a king_n have_v hungary_n after_o some_o time_n lewis_n be_v force_v to_o return_v into_o hungary_n to_o settle_v some_o affair_n there_o when_o he_o leave_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o government_n during_o his_o absence_n to_o his_o mother_n elizabeth_n his_o go_v away_o occasion_v great_a trouble_n for_o the_o russian_n rebel_v and_o the_o lithuanian_n make_v incursion_n into_o the_o very_a heart_n of_o poland_n the_o pole_n also_o be_v divide_v among_o themselves_o they_o can_v not_o endure_v to_o see_v their_o town_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o hungarian_a garrison_n and_o beside_o they_o be_v so_o much_o displease_v with_o their_o king_n be_v leave_v they_o to_o the_o government_n of_o his_o mother_n who_o they_o neither_o love_v nor_o esteem_v that_o they_o send_v to_o acquaint_v he_o that_o they_o think_v it_o honour_n enough_o for_o himself_o to_o govern_v poland_n all_o these_o trouble_n and_o distrust_v soon_o oblige_v the_o king_n to_o return_v into_o poland_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n of_o hungarian_n where_o he_o first_o march_v war_n against_o the_o rebel_n russian_n and_o subdue_v they_o next_o against_o the_o lithuanian_n and_o oblige_v they_o to_o a_o peace_n soon_o after_o which_o he_o die_v and_o be_v death_n bury_v at_o belgrade_n in_o hungary_n in_o the_o 56th_o year_n of_o his_o age_n have_v reign_v 12_o year_n he_o issue_n leave_v two_o daughter_n but_o no_o son_n one_o of_o which_o marry_v to_o sigismond_n the_o emperor_n
livonia_n to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n gustavus_n adolphus_n but_o it_o be_v suspect_v that_o he_o intend_v to_o betray_v that_o king_n for_o soon_o after_o the_o say_v farenbach_n be_v reconcile_v to_o king_n sigismond_n to_o who_o he_o restore_v all_o the_o place_n except_o pernau_n turk_n in_o the_o year_n 1620_o the_o pole_n be_v engage_v in_o a_o war_n against_o the_o turk_n foment_v as_o be_v suppose_v by_o bethlem_n gabor_n prince_n of_o transilvania_n for_o which_o the_o turk_n afterward_o endeavour_v to_o banish_v that_o prince_n for_o side_v with_o the_o pole_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v the_o turk_n march_v with_o their_o whole_a force_n against_o poland_n but_o be_v meet_v by_o the_o pole_n near_o chocim_fw-la under_o the_o command_n of_o prince_n vladistaus_n who_o with_o a_o army_n of_o about_o 65000_o man_n repulse_v above_o 392000_o turk_n command_v by_o their_o emperor_n osman_n in_o person_n the_o turk_n attempt_v three_o time_n to_o force_v the_o polish_v camp_n but_o be_v as_o often_o beat_v back_o with_o loss_n nevertheless_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o pole_n suffer_v extreme_o for_o want_n of_o ammunition_n and_o provision_n and_o beside_o be_v mighty_o weaken_v by_o sickness_n and_o a_o huge_a mortality_n among_o their_o horse_n notwithstanding_o all_o this_o at_o length_n the_o turkish_a emperor_n be_v force_v to_o strike_v up_o a_o honourable_a peace_n with_o they_o after_o have_v lose_v about_o 60000_o man_n in_o the_o several_a attack_n he_o make_v upon_o their_o camp_n and_o a_o great_a number_n in_o his_o march_n back_o to_o constantinople_n adolphus_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n gustavus_n adolphus_n fall_v into_o livonia_n take_v the_o city_n of_o riga_n without_o any_o great_a resistance_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o country_n except_o dunneburgh_n be_v conquer_v likewise_o by_o the_o swede_n in_o the_o year_n 1625._o afterward_o gustavus_n enter_v prussia_n in_o the_o year_n 1626._o where_o he_o take_v the_o city_n of_o marienburg_n and_o elbing_n beside_o some_o other_o place_n this_o war_n be_v thus_o carry_v on_o without_o any_o general_a engagement_n till_o the_o year_n 1629_o when_o hans_n wrangel_n the_o swedish_n general_n defeat_v the_o pole_n near_o gorzno_n then_o the_o emperor_n send_v some_o force_n to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o pole_n who_o in_o a_o battle_n fight_v near_o stuma_n be_v very_o near_o have_v make_v gustavus_n prisoner_n but_o however_o the_o polish_v affair_n after_o this_o battle_n fall_v into_o great_a confusion_n they_o be_v force_v to_o clap_v up_o a_o truce_n till_o the_o year_n 1634_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o charles_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o lewis_n the_o thirteen_o of_o france_n the_o swede_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n be_v to_o keep_v possession_n of_o elbing_n mcmel_n braunsberg_n pillau_n and_o what_o beside_o they_o have_v take_v in_o livonia_n death_n after_o this_o sigismond_n die_v the_o last_o day_n of_o april_n in_o the_o year_n 1632_o be_v sixty_o year_n old_a and_o have_v reign_v forty_o four_o character_n 89._o he_o have_v all_o the_o quality_n that_o can_v be_v require_v in_o a_o great_a prince_n he_o love_v justice_n and_o all_o the_o world_n commend_v his_o piety_n he_o be_v always_o of_o a_o even_a temper_n either_o in_o good_a or_o bad_a fortune_n and_o the_o lustre_n of_o the_o polish_v crown_n obtain_v when_o he_o be_v but_o young_a together_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n to_o his_o uncle_n may_v well_o have_v either_o exalt_v or_o debase_v he_o have_v he_o not_o have_v a_o great_a soul_n yet_o among_o all_o these_o good_a quality_n he_o be_v too_o much_o wed_v to_o his_o opinion_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o some_o misfortune_n that_o happen_v to_o he_o prince_n vladislaus_n be_v absent_a when_o his_o father_n sigismond_n fall_v sick_a yet_o he_o arrive_v at_o court_n just_a as_o he_o be_v expire_n who_o presence_n so_o much_o revive_v the_o king_n as_o to_o give_v he_o power_n to_o put_v the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n on_o his_o son_n head_n though_o he_o be_v to_o leave_v that_o of_o poland_n to_o chance_n this_o election_n be_v much_o election_n more_o peaceable_a than_o his_o father_n sigismund_n in_o that_o he_o have_v no_o competitor_n to_o oppose_v he_o some_o thought_n gustavus_n adolphus_n king_n of_o sweden_n have_v a_o design_n upon_o the_o crown_n and_o his_o boundless_a ambition_n join_v with_o the_o great_a number_n of_o his_o friend_n the_o lutheran_n disperse_v throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n may_v very_o well_o support_v that_o opinion_n yet_o the_o gentry_n of_o great_a poland_n which_o be_v most_o to_o be_v suspect_v on_o account_n of_o conformity_n in_o religion_n with_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o strive_v to_o exclude_v he_o for_o they_o declare_v those_o enemy_n to_o their_o country_n that_o shall_v in_o the_o least_o dare_v to_o propose_v he_o likewise_o at_o another_o assembly_n a_o palatin_n offer_v but_o to_o insinuate_v that_o it_o will_v be_v proper_a to_o choose_v a_o foreign_a prince_n the_o gentry_n be_v so_o unanimous_o offend_v at_o he_o that_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o retire_v betimes_o to_o avoid_v their_o fury_n also_o gustavus_n adolphus_n have_v then_o too_o many_o iron_n in_o the_o fire_n to_o draw_v any_o more_o enemy_n upon_o his_o back_n competitor_n john_n casimir_n brother_n to_o prince_n vladislaus_n be_v likewise_o suspect_v to_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o this_o conjecture_n have_v a_o more_o plausible_a foundation_n than_o the_o former_a these_o two_o prince_n be_v both_o son_n to_o sigismond_n iii_o yet_o have_v they_o not_o the_o same_o mother_n that_o of_o casimir_n do_v all_o she_o can_v to_o advance_v her_o son_n to_o the_o throne_n at_o the_o diet_n meet_v at_o thorn_n she_o endeavour_v to_o have_v a_o successor_n elect_v whilst_o the_o king_n be_v live_v whereupon_o she_o employ_v a_o certain_a bishop_n to_o propose_v her_o son_n but_o with_o which_o the_o diet_n be_v so_o extreme_o incense_v that_o they_o will_v have_v immediate_o try_v that_o prelate_n for_o infringe_v the_o public_a liberty_n have_v not_o more_o weighty_a affair_n intervene_v which_o cause_v they_o to_o lay_v those_o intention_n aside_o during_o this_o prince_n casimir_n do_v all_o he_o can_v to_o satisfy_v the_o public_a that_o he_o have_v no_o design_n upon_o the_o crown_n but_o that_o all_o his_o aim_n be_v to_o promote_v the_o interest_n of_o his_o elder_a brother_n call_v the_o primate_n john_n vezik_n have_v notify_v the_o death_n of_o the_o late_a king_n convene_v the_o diet_n on_o the_o 27_o the_o of_o june_n where_o the_o lutheran_n continue_v their_o cabal_n and_o faction_n as_o former_o but_o do_v not_o favour_v any_o of_o vladislaus_n his_o competitor_n as_o before_o the_o diet_n of_o election_n be_v fix_v for_o the_o 27_o the_o of_o september_n in_o the_o same_o year_n whither_o the_o gentry_n all_o flock_v at_o the_o time_n appoint_v but_o that_o more_o to_o ingratiate_v themselves_o in_o their_o prince_n vladislaus_n favour_n than_o to_o sell_v their_o suffrage_n one_o thing_n be_v propose_v at_o this_o diet_n which_o have_v it_o be_v follow_v may_v have_v deliver_v the_o kingdom_n from_o great_a oppression_n this_o be_v to_o digest_v the_o law_n into_o a_o code_n and_o to_o get_v the_o king_n elect_v to_o confirm_v it_o also_o to_o reform_v the_o many_o abuse_v creep_v into_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o law_n but_o this_o be_v too_o vigorous_o oppose_v by_o the_o interest_v party_n and_o therefore_o be_v fain_o to_o be_v let_v fall_n election_n hereupon_o the_o diet_n devote_v themselves_o whole_o to_o the_o election_n prince_n casimir_n first_o propose_v his_o brothervladislaus_n which_o henry_n firley_n bishop_n of_o premislia_n second_v by_o a_o speech_n to_o this_o purpose_n that_o though_o that_o assembly_n have_v a_o right_a to_o elect_v who_o they_o please_v yet_o they_o have_v ever_o have_v a_o particular_a regard_n to_o the_o offspring_n of_o their_o king_n that_o every_o body_n there_o acknowledge_v the_o candidate_n to_o be_v of_o the_o blood_n of_o jagello_n that_o even_o the_o merit_n of_o his_o father_n plead_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o son_n that_o uladislaus_n his_o own_o conquest_n have_v sufficient_o testify_v his_o valour_n and_o last_o that_o a_o favourable_a result_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v from_o that_o assembly_n since_o each_o know_v as_o much_o of_o the_o merit_n of_o that_o prince_n as_o he_o this_o be_v courteous_o answer_v by_o the_o primate_n after_o which_o they_o proceed_v to_o admit_v the_o ambassador_n admit_v first_o honorius_n visconti_n the_o pope_n nuncio_n have_v audience_n who_o be_v place_v on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o primate_n first_o desire_v the_o assembly_n to_o choose_v a_o catholic_n prince_n and_o then_o recommend_v prince_n vladislaus_n next_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o emperor_n
ruin_n and_o the_o great_a disadvantage_n of_o the_o pole_n the_o only_a damage_n they_o sustain_v be_v when_o chmielinski_n be_v celebrate_v the_o nuptial_n of_o his_o son_n with_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o valachia_n where_o the_o pole_n surprise_v they_o retook_a the_o city_n of_o kiovia_n and_o plunder_v it_o as_o likewise_o make_v the_o grecian_a patriarch_n prisoner_n then_o the_o cosack_v send_v to_o the_o king_n to_o know_v if_o this_o have_v be_v do_v by_o his_o majesty_n order_n which_o be_v answer_v in_o the_o negative_a and_o moreover_o that_o the_o nobility_n have_v do_v it_o to_o be_v revenge_v on_o they_o for_o the_o frequent_a damage_n they_o have_v do_v they_o they_o immediate_o in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o tartar_n fall_v into_o poland_n with_o the_o great_a fury_n imaginable_a against_o these_o the_o king_n go_v in_o person_n at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o defeat_v they_o in_o battle_n but_o nevertheless_o the_o king_n be_v afterward_o force_v to_o clap_v up_o a_o peace_n with_o they_o though_o the_o gentry_n be_v very_o much_o displease_v at_o his_o grant_v they_o their_o own_o term_n by_o which_o the_o muscovite_n be_v leave_v in_o possession_n of_o smolensko_n and_o kiovia_n which_o they_o enjoy_v to_o this_o day_n the_o muscovite_n likewise_o take_v vilna_n in_o lithuania_n with_o some_o other_o considerable_a city_n in_o that_o great_a duchy_n poland_n in_o the_o year_n 1655_o charles_n gustavus_n king_n of_o sweden_n raise_v a_o more_o fatal_a storm_n in_o poland_n for_o with_o a_o army_n of_o choose_a man_n he_o enter_v that_o kingdom_n and_o in_o two_o year_n time_n make_v himself_o absolute_a master_n thereof_o he_o first_o conquer_v great_a poland_n and_o masovia_n and_o afterward_o the_o lesser_a poland_n with_o cracow_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n from_o whence_o he_o march_v into_o prussia_n where_o almost_o all_o the_o town_n immediate_o surrender_v to_o he_o except_o dantzic_n wherein_o at_o first_o be_v a_o great_a many_o citizen_n that_o favour_v the_o suede_n but_o who_o not_o long_o after_o by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o some_o minister_n continue_v their_o obedience_n to_o poland_n the_o resistance_n make_v by_o this_o one_o city_n be_v the_o main_a reason_n why_o all_o the_o advantage_n get_v by_o the_o swede_n at_o last_o prove_v fruitless_a and_o that_o they_o can_v maintain_v themselves_o no_o long_o in_o prussia_n notwithstanding_o that_o not_o only_o the_o whole_a militia_n of_o poland_n and_o that_o part_n of_o lithuania_n which_o be_v under_o the_o muscovite_n have_v submit_v to_o the_o swede_n but_o also_o king_n john_n casimir_n be_v flee_v into_o silesia_n for_o the_o pole_n have_v recover_v themselves_o after_o their_o first_o consternation_n be_v over_o and_o be_v moreover_o join_v by_o the_o brandenburger_n and_o tartar_n fall_v upon_o such_o of_o the_o swedish_n force_v as_o be_v scatter_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n the_o lithuanian_n also_o rise_v up_o in_o arm_n and_o kill_v all_o the_o swede_n that_o be_v in_o winter-quarter_n among_o they_o invasion_n the_o occasion_n of_o this_o swedish_n invasion_n be_v some_o familiarity_n king_n casimir_n have_v have_v with_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o vicechancellor_n radziouski_n father_n to_o the_o present_a cardinal_n primate_n this_o great_a senator_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n brook_v a_o scandal_n so_o public_a and_o therefore_o have_v first_o make_v a_o party_n in_o the_o kingdom_n he_o call_v in_o the_o swede_n through_o livonia_n to_o revenge_v his_o quarrel_n who_o soon_o get_v the_o duke_n of_o curland_n country_n and_o take_v he_o prisoner_n afterward_o they_o have_v such_o vast_a success_n in_o their_o progress_n that_o all_o the_o town_n of_o poland_n soon_o submit_v to_o they_o none_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v a_o siege_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v but_o few_o fortify_v place_n in_o poland_n it_o be_v a_o maxim_n of_o state_n there_o that_o their_o king_n shall_v not_o strengthen_v themselves_o at_o home_n whereby_o their_o enemy_n may_v take_v foot_v from_o abroad_o this_o vast_a conquest_n make_v all_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n very_o jealous_a of_o the_o power_n of_o sweden_n for_o on_o one_o side_n ragozzi_n prince_n of_o transylvania_n think_v perhaps_o to_o obtain_v that_o crown_n for_o himself_o enter_v poland_n but_o with_o no_o success_n the_o dane_n likewise_o make_v a_o considerable_a diversion_n on_o their_o part_n by_o attacking_z sweden_n also_o the_o muscovite_n come_v upon_o livonia_n and_o the_o emperor_n send_v troop_n to_o succour_v the_o pole_n whereupon_o by_o assistance_n of_o the_o brandenburger_n and_o tartar_n and_o the_o prudent_a conduct_n of_o general_n czarneski_n the_o polish_v nobility_n in_o six_o month_n time_n restore_v casimir_n to_o his_o throne_n stratagem_n this_o czarneski_n retook_a the_o capital_a city_n of_o poland_n by_o a_o stratagem_n which_o be_v by_o contrive_v to_o have_v some_o cartload_v of_o wood_n enter_v the_o city_n betimes_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o to_o break_v in_o their_o passage_n through_o one_o of_o the_o gate_n by_o which_o mean_n with_o 800_o man_n he_o force_v his_o way_n into_o the_o city_n and_o destroy_v the_o swedish_n garrison_n the_o advantage_n of_o a_o unfortify_v kingdom_n will_v always_o be_v this_o that_o though_o it_o be_v soon_o conquer_v it_o will_v nevertheless_o be_v as_o easy_o recover_v brandenburg_n when_o charles_n gustavus_n king_n of_o sweden_n have_v meet_v with_o a_o opportunity_n to_o make_v war_n with_o poland_n he_o make_v several_a private_a treaty_n with_o the_o late_a elector_n of_o brandenburg_n frederic_n william_n and_o at_o length_n enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o he_o on_o condition_n that_o when_o he_o have_v conquer_v poland_n he_o shall_v give_v he_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o ducal_z prussia_n whereupon_o they_o both_o join_v their_o force_n together_o and_o soon_o conquer_v the_o pole_n but_o afterward_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n be_v call_v home_o to_o take_v care_n of_o his_o own_o dominion_n which_o be_v then_o invade_v by_o the_o dane_n he_o be_v force_v to_o compound_v with_o poland_n for_o 800000_o rix_n dollar_n which_o the_o pole_n not_o have_v have_v any_o intelligence_n of_o the_o danish_a invasion_n be_v glad_a to_o agree_v to_o but_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenhurg_n observe_v that_o the_o money_n stipulate_v for_o be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v easy_o raise_v offer_v unknown_a to_o the_o swede_n to_o give_v the_o pole_n that_o sum_n and_o moreover_o to_o help_v they_o to_o drive_v the_o swede_n out_o of_o their_o kingdom_n in_o case_n they_o will_v but_o confirm_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n the_o aforesaid_a sovereignty_n of_o ducal_z prussia_n to_o this_o the_o pole_n be_v in_o extreme_a confusion_n and_o necessity_n quick_o condescend_v with_o this_o restraint_n only_o that_o whenever_o the_o say_v elector_n male-issue_n fail_v that_o duchy_n shall_v revert_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n whereupon_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n have_v be_v proclaim_v sovereign_a duke_n of_o prussia_n he_o immediate_o join_v the_o polish_v force_n and_o in_o short_a time_n drive_v the_o swede_n out_o of_o their_o kingdom_n which_o he_o before_o have_v be_v instrumental_a in_o bring_v in_o this_o be_v the_o account_n i_o have_v hear_v the_o pole_n give_v of_o their_o deliverance_n from_o the_o swedish_n yoke_n and_o sir_n robert_z southwell_z also_o give_v we_o late_o the_o same_o account_n at_o the_o royal_a society_n which_o he_o have_v have_v from_o the_o late_a elector_n of_o brandenburg_n own_o mouth_n oliva_n at_o this_o 2._o treaty_n of_o oliva_n a_o monastery_n near_o dantzic_n the_o pole_n likewise_o be_v to_o renounce_v all_o the_o pretension_n they_o have_v to_o livonia_n casimir_n after_o have_v rout_v the_o swede_n raise_v a_o army_n of_o about_o 30000_o german_n under_o pretence_n of_o be_v revenge_v on_o the_o tartar_n for_o detain_v several_a pole_n prisonner_n which_o he_o have_v betray_v himself_o the_o better_a to_o curb_v his_o subject_n but_o prince_n lubomirski_n crown-marshal_n have_v discover_v his_o private_a design_n which_o be_v to_o render_v himself_o despotic_a raise_v a_o army_n likewise_o and_o attack_v that_o of_o the_o king_n with_o so_o good_a success_n that_o he_o entire_o rout_v it_o take_v its_o general_n a_o frenchman_n prisoner_n and_o quick_o oblige_v the_o king_n to_o disband_v his_o german_a force_n at_o this_o abdication_n affront_n receive_v from_o his_o own_o subject_n casimir_n be_v extreme_o nettle_v insomuch_o that_o he_o abdicate_v the_o crown_n not_o long_o after_o but_o some_o time_n before_o his_o abdication_n he_o convoke_v a_o diet_n at_o leopol_n to_o pay_v off_o the_o army_n the_o best_a expedient_a to_o effect_v this_o be_v think_v to_o be_v to_o call_v in_o all_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o re-coin_n it_o but_o this_o have_v be_v find_v deficient_a the_o
companion_n dead_a upon_o the_o spot_n in_o this_o action_n there_o be_v several_a brave_a polish_v gentleman_n slay_v afterward_o the_o king_n be_v again_o join_v by_o the_o lithuanian_n by_o which_o his_o army_n amount_v to_o fifteen_o thousand_o man_n march_v to_o seek_v out_o the_o enemy_n though_o by_o a_o modest_a computation_n they_o may_v be_v reckon_v seven_o time_n as_o many_o but_o understand_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v besiege_v turk_n podhais_n he_o be_v march_v thither_o to_o relieve_v it_o when_o by_o the_o way_n he_o receive_v intelligence_n of_o its_o be_v surrender_v burn_v and_o plunder_v and_o twelve_o thousand_o person_n make_v prisoner_n though_o the_o garrison_n have_v express_o capitulate_v to_o march_v out_o with_o bag_n and_o baggage_n the_o king_n be_v extreme_o nettle_v that_o so_o many_o christian_n shall_v be_v make_v slave_n and_o his_o territory_n lay_v desolate_a therefore_o he_o resolve_v forthwith_o to_o remedy_v it_o or_o perish_v in_o the_o attempt_n for_o he_o march_v the_o same_o day_n towards_o the_o enemy_n who_o be_v then_o set_v down_o before_o buozalz_n but_o upon_o notice_n of_o his_o approach_n they_o raise_v their_o siege_n and_o retreat_v with_o all_o their_o force_n to_o trembowla_n which_o they_o likewise_o invest_v here_o they_o be_v often_o repulse_v with_o great_a loss_n yet_o continue_v obstinate_a to_o pursue_v their_o enterprise_n till_o at_o last_o happen_v to_o intercept_v a_o peasant_n that_o be_v carry_v a_o letter_n from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o governor_n wherein_o his_o majesty_n assure_v he_o that_o he_o be_v come_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o his_o relief_n the_o terror_n of_o king_n sobieski_n name_n strike_v such_o a_o faintness_n into_o the_o infidel_n that_o they_o immediate_o dislodge_v their_o cannon_n from_o their_o battery_n which_o consist_v of_o a_o hundred_o piece_n and_o forthwith_o march_v towards_o caminiec_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o confusion_n nay_o so_o great_a be_v their_o consternation_n that_o under_o the_o cannon_n of_o caminiec_n they_o think_v not_o themselves_o sufficient_o secure_a for_o not_o dare_v to_o stand_v a_o engagement_n with_o the_o pole_n they_o resolve_v to_o pass_v the_o niester_n and_o march_v towards_o valachia_n yet_o this_o they_o can_v not_o do_v so_o speedy_o but_o prince_n lubomirski_n with_o part_n of_o the_o king_n army_n fall_v upon_o their_o rear_n and_o slay_v great_a number_n of_o they_o the_o turk_n by_o the_o fear_n they_o be_v in_o of_o be_v far_o pursue_v repassed_a the_o danube_n and_o the_o tartar_n return_v home_o with_o great_a precipitation_n by_o the_o way_n of_o bialogrod_n whereupon_o the_o king_n resolve_v to_o put_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n and_o so_o to_o return_v home_o which_o he_o do_v to_o the_o joy_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o all_o his_o subject_n it_o be_v now_o high_a time_n to_o prepare_v for_o the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o coronation_n january_n the_o 17_o the_o corpse_n of_o the_o late_a king_n michael_n be_v convey_v from_o warsaw_n in_o a_o hearse_n draw_v by_o eight_o horse_n attend_v by_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o his_o household_n and_o several_a person_n of_o quality_n to_o cracow_n where_o together_o with_o the_o body_n of_o king_n casimir_n likewise_o bring_v late_o out_o of_o france_n it_o be_v honourable_o inter_v all_o decency_n and_o respect_n be_v pay_v to_o both_o their_o memory_n this_o ceremony_n be_v dispatch_v 1676._o john_n sobieski_n with_o his_o queen_n mary_n be_v both_o crown_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o cracow_n the_o second_o of_o february_n in_o the_o year_n 1676_o with_o great_a pomp_n and_o magnificence_n after_o this_o the_o king_n apply_v himself_o to_o supply_v the_o vacancy_n as_o usual_a make_v lubomirski_n grand_a marshal_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o lord_n siniawski_n court-marshal_n and_o prince_n demetrius_n wisnowiski_n palatin_n of_o beltz_n he_o likewise_o bestow_v the_o command_n of_o general_n of_o the_o force_n of_o the_o kingdom_n on_o jablownowski_n palatin_n of_o russia_n at_o present_a great_a general_n of_o poland_n in_o june_n follow_v sultan_n nuradin_n with_o the_o two_o son_n of_o the_o great_a cham_n pass_v the_o niester_n with_o a_o great_a army_n have_v send_v out_o party_n before_o to_o ravage_v the_o country_n at_o the_o same_o time_n ibrahim_n bassa_n advance_v likewise_o to_o several_a post_n about_o caminiec_n whereupon_o the_o king_n order_v what_o troop_n he_o can_v get_v together_o near_o leopol_n where_o they_o be_v to_o rendezvouz_n and_o likewise_o convoke_v the_o pospolite_n or_o militia_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o country_n 1676_o the_o same_o year_n his_o excellency_n mr._n hyde_n now_o earl_n of_o rochester_n be_v send_v ambassador_n from_o his_o majesty_n charles_n the_o iid_n to_o the_o court_n of_o poland_n to_o congratulate_v the_o king_n upon_o his_o accession_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o to_o stand_v for_o his_o master_n godfather_n to_o the_o young_a princess_n now_o electoress_n of_o bavaria_n he_o arrive_v at_o dantzic_n in_o august_n where_o meet_v with_o the_o queen_n of_o poland_n who_o make_v a_o journey_n thither_o while_o the_o king_n be_v in_o the_o field_n he_o have_v audience_n of_o her_o majesty_n there_o and_o present_v the_o young_a princess_n her_o daughter_n with_o a_o very_a rich_a jewel_n a_o cross_n of_o diamond_n of_o great_a value_n he_o afterward_o set_v forward_o for_o poland_n and_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o king_n in_o his_o camp_n near_o leopol_n in_o russia_n with_o demonstration_n of_o respect_n and_o kindness_n suitable_a to_o his_o character_n and_o person_n where_o his_o majesty_n send_v some_o of_o his_o chief_a officer_n to_o show_v he_o the_o army_n and_o their_o way_n of_o encamp_v the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n begin_v to_o appear_v now_o very_o formidable_a and_o yet_o at_o the_o same_o time_n continue_v so_o sensible_a of_o their_o last_o year_n defeat_n and_o so_o dread_v the_o name_n of_o king_n sobieski_n that_o they_o seem_v to_o desire_v nothing_o more_o than_o peace_n for_o which_o purpose_n the_o grand_a signior_n by_o the_o prince_n of_o moldavia_n make_v turk_n a_o overture_n for_o a_o treaty_n which_o be_v accept_v after_o a_o battle_n gain_v by_o the_o pole_n and_o some_o other_o small_a mischief_n do_v on_o both_o side_n the_o peace_n be_v thus_o happy_o conclude_v to_o the_o advantage_n of_o poland_n his_o majesty_n return_v in_o november_n to_o zulkiew_v his_o own_o patrimony_n whither_o my_o lord_n rochester_n wait_v upon_o he_o ambassador_n have_v his_o public_a audience_n there_o in_o a_o more_o solemn_a manner_n than_o before_o he_o be_v first_o carry_v in_o the_o king_n coach_n and_o then_o receive_v by_o the_o court-marshal_n who_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o lord_n chamberlain_n at_o the_o stairs-foot_n of_o the_o palace_n and_o be_v conduct_v to_o his_o majesty_n who_o receive_v he_o stand_v under_o a_o rich_a canopy_n of_o state_n and_o after_o two_o month_n reside_v there_o his_o excellency_n have_v his_o audience_n of_o leave_n and_o return_v into_o england_n through_o silesia_n austria_n and_o the_o empire_n the_o pole_n enjoy_v this_o peace_n with_o the_o turk_n till_o the_o year_n 1683_o when_o they_o come_v under_o the_o command_n of_o cara_fw-it mustapha_n their_o grand_a vizier_n to_o besiege_v vienna_n whereof_o count_n starenberg_n vienna_n be_v governor_n the_o king_n with_o his_o son_n prince_n james_n prince_n lubomirski_n and_o most_o of_o the_o polish_v grandee_n come_v with_o a_o army_n only_o as_o they_o assure_v i_o of_o twenty_o four_o thousand_o man_n to_o relieve_v it_o this_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n be_v oblige_v to_o by_o the_o alliance_n sign_v with_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n in_o 1683._o when_o be_v join_v by_o the_o imperial_a army_n together_o with_o the_o elector_n of_o bavaria_n and_o saxony_n the_o duke_n of_o lorain_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o other_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o all_o amount_v to_o near_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n he_o attack_v the_o turk_n with_o such_o bravery_n and_o conduct_n that_o on_o the_o 12_o of_o september_n they_o though_o consist_v of_o 191800_o man_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o list_v find_v in_o the_o grand_a vizier_n tent_n be_v oblige_v after_o a_o entire_a defeat_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o retire_v turk_n towards_o hungary_n the_o great_a standard_n and_o the_o horse_n tail_n be_v take_v by_o the_o pole_n who_o obstinate_o pursue_v the_o turk_n in_o their_o flight_n though_o no_o great_a way_n be_v too_o much_o fatigue_v before_o there_o be_v also_o great_a booty_n find_v in_o the_o turkish_a camp_n which_o be_v whole_o plunder_v even_o to_o the_o tent_n of_o the_o grand_a vizier_n where_o they_o meet_v with_o great_a riches_n in_o gold_n silver_n and_o other_o precious_a thing_n all_o their_o ammunition_n and_o baggage_n with_o their_o artillery_n consist_v of_o above_o a_o hundred_o piece_n of_o cannon_n be_v take_v this_o
sweden_n the_o other_o be_v the_o widow_n of_o a_o nobleman_n in_o poland_n employment_n the_o queen_n have_v the_o art_n to_o dispose_v of_o all_o the_o employment_n in_o the_o kingdom_n for_o money_n for_o the_o king_n who_o by_o the_o constitution_n ought_v not_o himself_o to_o sell_v any_o place_n give_v to_o understand_v private_o that_o all_o person_n shall_v apply_v themselves_o to_o her_o first_o that_o she_o may_v secret_o negotiate_v the_o price_n of_o every_o preferment_n which_o she_o do_v very_o industrious_o and_o oblige_v they_o furthermore_o to_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o espouse_v the_o interest_n of_o one_o of_o her_o child_n after_o the_o king_n death_n the_o pole_n never_o scruple_v those_o oath_n though_o they_o be_v resolve_v to_o keep_v they_o no_o long_o than_o they_o think_v it_o for_o their_o interest_n which_o be_v manifest_v at_o this_o last_o election_n in_o which_o so_o few_o appear_v for_o prince_n james_n for_o this_o unlawful_a way_n of_o treat_v the_o nobility_n together_o with_o the_o king_n be_v extreme_a covetousness_n and_o prince_n james_n inconstancy_n towards_o his_o friend_n set_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o gentry_n against_o they_o character_n this_o prince_n be_v black_a have_v a_o thin_a and_o meager_a look_v and_o be_v of_o a_o low_a stature_n more_o like_o a_o frenchman_n or_o a_o spaniard_n than_o a_o pole_n he_o be_v very_o sociable_a and_o courteous_a he_o be_v now_o about_o the_o age_n of_o thirty_o and_o have_v make_v several_a campagn_n with_o the_o king_n his_o father_n particular_o that_o of_o vienna_n and_o have_v his_o conduct_n be_v answerable_a to_o his_o courage_n he_o will_v doubtless_o have_v make_v a_o more_o considerable_a party_n he_o be_v extreme_o liberal_a which_o be_v the_o only_a good_a quality_n he_o excel_v his_o father_n in_o he_o be_v first_o contract_v in_o marriage_n to_o the_o rich_a heiress_n of_o the_o house_n of_o radzevil_n in_o lithuania_n who_o be_v widow_n of_o the_o present_a elector_n of_o brandenburg_n brother_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n a_o envoy_n be_v send_v to_o berlin_n to_o negotiate_v the_o marriage_n which_o be_v agree_v upon_o by_o the_o elector_n and_o her_o consent_n and_o the_o prince_n himself_o come_v thither_o in_o person_n with_o a_o numerous_a attendance_n to_o consummate_v it_o at_o the_o same_o time_n come_v to_o berlin_n the_o elector_n palatin_n brother_n prince_z charles_n of_o newburg_n brother_n to_o the_o empress_n to_o see_v the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o marriage_n but_o this_o princess_n take_v more_o fancy_n to_o he_o than_o to_o the_o prince_n of_o poland_n give_v he_o encouragement_n disappoint_v to_o make_v his_o address_n to_o she_o which_o he_o do_v with_o that_o success_n that_o he_o engage_v she_o so_o far_o and_o so_o unexpected_o that_o he_o be_v private_o marry_v to_o her_o the_o night_n before_o she_o be_v to_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o poland_n so_o that_o prince_n james_n be_v force_v to_o return_v back_o shameful_o which_o the_o king_n his_o father_n resent_v so_o high_o that_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o have_v satisfaction_n from_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n for_o suffer_v his_o son_n to_o receive_v so_o notorious_a a_o affront_n at_o his_o court_n but_o the_o elector_n know_v nothing_o of_o that_o private_a intrigue_n justify_v himself_o and_o all_o animosity_n be_v at_o last_o adjust_v by_o prince_n james_n marry_n his_o rival_n sister_n another_o the_o princess_n of_o newburg_n who_o be_v send_v into_o poland_n and_o have_v two_o daughter_n by_o he_o this_o account_n i_o learn_v in_o poland_n which_o be_v late_o confirm_v to_o i_o here_o in_o town_n by_o the_o sieur_n dankelman_n now_o envoy_n extraordinary_a from_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n at_o our_o court._n brother_n prince_n james_n have_v two_o brother_n alexander_n and_o constantine_n who_o be_v not_o take_v notice_n enough_o of_o in_o my_o time_n to_o give_v your_o lordship_n a_o character_n of_o they_o the_o elder_a be_v but_o eighteen_o and_o the_o other_o sixteen_o alexander_n be_v a_o tall_a and_o proper_a young_a man_n of_o a_o true_a polish_v complexion_n the_o queen_n have_v more_o kindness_n for_o he_o than_o for_o prince_n james_n as_o i_o observe_v when_o he_o be_v any_o way_n indispose_v she_o be_v very_o careful_a of_o his_o health_n and_o do_v not_o seem_v much_o concern_v for_o prince_n james_n though_o he_o be_v a_o weak_a and_o sickly_a person_n child_n i_o be_v surprise_v to_o see_v the_o little_a deference_n the_o nobility_n pay_v to_o these_o prince_n who_o do_v not_o seem_v to_o take_v much_o more_o notice_n of_o they_o than_o of_o other_o gentleman_n and_o treat_v they_o very_o familiar_o for_o they_o say_v that_o the_o king_n son_n by_o the_o law_n be_v no_o more_o than_o gentleman_n and_o that_o if_o they_o give_v they_o the_o title_n of_o prince_n or_o of_o highness_n it_o be_v more_o out_o of_o courtesy_n to_o they_o and_o respect_n to_o the_o king_n than_o out_o of_o any_o obligation_n they_o lie_v under_o to_o do_v it_o the_o people_n have_v more_o esteem_n for_o prince_n alexander_n and_o constantine_n because_o they_o be_v bear_v after_o the_o king_n election_n than_o for_o prince_n james_n who_o be_v bear_v before_o for_o they_o superstitious_o imagine_v that_o some_o royal_a stamp_n be_v engrave_v upon_o they_o or_o some_o royal_a tincture_n infuse_v into_o their_o blood_n to_o give_v it_o a_o more_o exalt_a nature_n prince_n james_n be_v knight_n of_o the_o golden_a fleece_n which_o make_v he_o obnoxious_a to_o the_o french_a party_n prince_n alexander_n and_o constantine_n be_v since_o my_o time_n make_v as_o i_o be_o tell_v knight_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n as_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v which_o make_v they_o suspect_v to_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n to_o be_v of_o the_o french_a faction_n princess_n the_o king_n have_v one_o daughter_n the_o princess_n teresa_n cunigunda_fw-la now_o about_o twenty_o three_o year_n of_o age_n who_o though_o she_o be_v not_o a_o complete_a beauty_n yet_o be_v a_o very_a comely_a lady_n of_o a_o middle_a size_n and_o though_o she_o have_v not_o the_o life_n and_o vivacity_n nor_o the_o air_n and_o wit_n of_o the_o queen_n her_o mother_n yet_o have_v she_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o sense_n modesty_n and_o all_o the_o accomplishment_n become_v her_o birth_n she_o be_v well_o verse_v in_o the_o french_a italian_a latin_a and_o the_o polish_v language_n though_o she_o seem_v in_o her_o carriage_n and_o discourse_n to_o be_v humble_a oblige_v and_o of_o a_o easy_a affable_a temper_n yet_o she_o be_v of_o herself_o hie-spirited_a and_o marriage_n imperious_a she_o be_v marry_v in_o my_o time_n to_o his_o highness_n the_o present_a elector_n of_o bavaria_n who_o twice_o send_v thither_o baron_n zell_n and_o afterward_o baron_n simeoni_n his_o envoy_n extraordinary_a to_o negotiate_v and_o conclude_v this_o marriage_n for_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n have_v have_v but_o one_o son_n by_o his_o decease_a electoress_n the_o emperor_n daughter_n by_o the_o infanta_n of_o spain_n young_a sister_n to_o the_o late_a queen_n of_o france_n and_o this_o young_a prince_n be_v design_v to_o be_v king_n of_o spain_n if_o the_o present_a king_n shall_v die_v without_o issue_n as_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v the_o bavarian_o be_v afraid_a their_o country_n shall_v be_v reduce_v into_o a_o province_n and_o therefore_o desire_v the_o elector_n to_o marry_v a_o second_o time_n to_o have_v more_o child_n that_o may_v reign_v over_o they_o in_o case_n the_o elder_a son_n shall_v be_v call_v into_o spain_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o poland_n agree_v to_o this_o match_n and_o give_v 500000_o rix_n dollar_n for_o portion_n her_o portion_n beside_o jewel_n and_o other_o expense_n in_o her_o journey_n and_o the_o three_o part_n of_o her_o mother_n personal_a estate_n when_o she_o die_v which_o be_v reckon_v at_o 50000_o rix_n dollar_n more_o the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o marraige_n be_v perform_v marriage_n in_o the_o month_n of_o august_n at_o warsaw_n in_o the_o year_n 1694_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o splendour_n and_o magnificence_n most_o of_o the_o person_n of_o quality_n and_o their_o lady_n and_o child_n come_v to_o this_o solemnity_n from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o there_o have_v not_o be_v a_o princess_n of_o poland_n marry_v for_o above_o 150_o year_n before_o the_o lady_n be_v very_o rich_o dress_v and_o i_o see_v at_o that_o time_n more_o jewel_n in_o that_o court_n than_o in_o any_o other_o that_o ever_o i_o be_v at_o the_o gentleman_n and_o lady_n after_o the_o usual_a custom_n in_o poland_n give_v great_a present_n to_o the_o young_a princess_n some_o fine_a piece_n of_o plate_n some_o watch_v set_v with_o diamond_n some_o precious_a jewel_n every_o one_o make_v a_o compliment_n to_o she_o in_o a_o very_a formal_a manner_n it_o be_v think_v that_o the_o
think_v and_o think_v what_o he_o please_v without_o any_o fear_n of_o the_o king_n interregnum_fw-la after_o the_o king_n death_n cardinal_n radziouski_n archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n and_o primate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n take_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o government_n as_o be_v usual_a upon_o he_o and_o notify_v the_o king_n death_n to_o foreign_a prince_n and_o to_o all_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n and_o advise_v with_o the_o senator_n that_o be_v then_o at_o warsaw_n of_o the_o proper_a method_n and_o fit_a time_n to_o ohoose_v a_o new_a king_n they_o fix_v upon_o the_o 29_o of_o august_n 1696_o for_o the_o convocation_n of_o the_o grand_a diet_n but_o there_o appear_v several_a competitor_n which_o make_v powerful_a faction_n it_o be_v think_v necessary_a to_o take_v more_o time_n to_o appease_v the_o dissension_n of_o the_o nobility_n wherefore_o the_o overture_n of_o the_o diet_n be_v defer_v to_o the_o 15_o of_o may_v 1697._o they_o choose_v the_o sieur_n belinski_n for_o their_o speaker_n who_o they_o call_v their_o marshal_n the_o chief_a competitor_n be_v at_o first_o crown_n prince_n james_n of_o poland_n and_o his_o brother_n prince_n alexander_n the_o prince_n of_o conti_n don_n livio_n odeschalchi_n and_o prince_n lewis_n of_o baden_n but_o at_o last_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n unexpected_o come_v to_o the_o frontier_n of_o poland_n with_o 8000_o man_n and_o declare_v himself_o candidate_n have_v a_o twelvemonth_n before_o private_o abjure_v his_o religion_n to_o qualify_v himself_o for_o this_o crown_n which_o procure_v he_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o clergy_n so_o that_o at_o length_n no_o considerable_a party_n appear_v but_o for_o he_o the_o prince_n of_o conti_n and_o prince_n james_n the_o cardinal_n primate_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o palatine_n support_v with_o all_o their_o interest_n the_o prince_n of_o conti_n the_o french_a have_v for_o several_a year_n before_o as_o i_o observe_v when_o i_o be_v in_o that_o kingdom_n give_v a_o great_a character_n of_o his_o merit_n and_o valour_n which_o make_v the_o king_n of_o france_n believe_v that_o he_o will_v undoubted_o carry_v that_o crown_n against_o all_o opposer_n as_o it_o be_v probable_a he_o will_v have_v do_v have_v he_o be_v in_o person_n as_o near_o the_o place_n of_o election_n as_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n be_v for_o on_o the_o 26_o of_o june_n be_v the_o day_n of_o election_n the_o diet_n draw_v out_o into_o the_o field_n and_o he_o have_v that_o day_n more_o vote_n than_o either_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n or_o prince_n james_n which_o the_o primate_n observe_v go_v with_o his_o party_n and_o immediate_o proclaim_v he_o king_n but_o the_o two_o other_o party_n know_v this_o can_v not_o be_v legal_o do_v without_o the_o universal_a consent_n of_o the_o diet_n protest_v against_o it_o as_o illegal_a and_o prince_n james_n perceive_v his_o party_n to_o be_v the_o weak_a and_o have_v always_o be_v in_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n as_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o empress_n and_o queen_n of_o spain_n sister_n resign_v all_o his_o interest_n to_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n who_o be_v likewise_o support_v by_o the_o emperor_n these_o two_o party_n be_v thus_o unite_v into_o one_o be_v more_o numerous_a than_o that_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o conti_n wherefore_o come_v next_o day_n into_o the_o field_n they_o get_v the_o bishop_n of_o cujavia_n after_o the_o primate_n have_v refuse_v it_o to_o proclaim_v 1697._o frederic_n augustus_n elector_n of_o saxony_n king_n of_o poland_n and_o send_v ambassador_n to_o acquaint_v he_o therewith_o and_o to_o desire_v he_o to_o accept_v of_o the_o crown_n all_o this_o while_n the_o primate_n and_o prince_n of_o conti_n party_n stand_v firm_a to_o the_o first_o election_n and_o dispatch_v courier_n into_o france_n to_o desire_v that_o prince_n to_o come_v with_o all_o speed_n into_o poland_n the_o general_n of_o the_o army_n be_v divide_v count_n jablonowski_n great_a general_n of_o the_o kingdom_n declare_v for_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n prince_n sapieha_n great_a general_n of_o lithuania_n seem_v to_o favour_v the_o prince_n of_o conti_n but_o the_o governor_n of_o cracow_n be_v for_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n invite_v he_o and_o his_o army_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o that_o capital_a city_n where_o he_o be_v crown_v the_o 15_o of_o september_n poland_n follow_v which_o do_v extreme_o facilitate_v the_o good_a success_n he_o have_v since_o have_v in_o that_o kingdom_n for_o though_o the_o primate_n and_o many_o other_o considerable_a person_n do_v insist_v on_o the_o pretend_a legality_n of_o their_o election_n though_o the_o prince_n of_o conti_n himself_o come_v in_o person_n to_o dantzic_n with_o a_o fleet_n vast_a sum_n of_o money_n and_o some_o discipline_v troop_n though_o the_o french_a ambassador_n mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr polignac_n have_v manage_v a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o army_n and_o a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o senator_n with_o great_a art_n and_o policy_n though_o the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n threaten_v a_o invasion_n to_o support_v his_o election_n and_o though_o the_o hungarian_n make_v a_o insurrection_n in_o their_o country_n to_o divert_v the_o saxon_a force_n yet_o the_o pole_n see_v the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n be_v actual_o crown_v that_o he_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o metropolis_n cracow_n the_o strong_a town_n in_o poland_n that_o 8000_o of_o his_o discipline_v troop_n be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n that_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o army_n have_v declare_v for_o he_o and_o that_o the_o czar_n of_o muscovy_n threaten_v a_o invasion_n if_o they_o persist_v to_o support_v the_o prince_n of_o conti_n they_o think_v it_o more_o advisable_a to_o quit_v his_o interest_n than_o to_o give_v occasion_n for_o a_o civil_a war_n for_o i_o have_v often_o hear_v they_o say_v that_o king_n be_v easy_a enough_o to_o be_v have_v without_o shed_v blood_n for_o any_o and_o that_o they_o be_v easy_o depose_v if_o they_o usurp_v any_o great_a authority_n than_o the_o law_n allow_v and_o therefore_o they_o think_v it_o more_o prudent_a after_o have_v sufficient_o empty_v the_o candidate_n pocket_n to_o declare_v for_o the_o first_o of_o they_o that_o join_v his_o party_n and_o appear_v in_o arm_n since_o he_o be_v deem_v qualify_v than_o to_o expose_v their_o country_n to_o ruin_n and_o devastation_n by_o adhere_v to_o a_o illegal_a election_n of_o which_o the_o success_n be_v always_o doubtful_a for_o by_o their_o constitution_n no_o election_n can_v be_v real_o lawful_a nor_o any_o law_n can_v be_v legal_o make_v without_o the_o universal_a consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o both_o state_n poland_n and_o lithuania_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n the_o prince_n of_o conti_n have_v full_a intelligence_n of_o the_o posture_n of_o affair_n in_o poland_n do_v not_o think_v it_o politic_a to_o conside_fw-la any_o long_o in_o the_o promise_v of_o the_o great_a man_n who_o in_o that_o country_n be_v natural_o sickle_n and_o biased_a more_o to_o their_o own_o interest_n than_o any_o inclination_n they_o have_v to_o serve_v any_o prince_n for_o they_o have_v no_o other_o notion_n of_o prince_n than_o of_o tool_n to_o raise_v their_o own_o fortune_n by_o wherefore_o this_o prince_n foresee_v no_o probability_n of_o success_n the_o town_n of_o dantzic_n have_v declare_v for_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n he_o think_v it_o more_o prudent_a timely_a to_o quit_v his_o pretension_n by_o sail_v back_o into_o france_n than_o to_o expose_v his_o reputation_n by_o be_v force_v to_o retire_v when_o the_o new_a king_n authority_n be_v more_o confirm_v as_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v at_o present_a king_n frederick_n augustus_n the_o iid_n be_v thus_o leave_v in_o sole_a possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v likely_a to_o restore_v the_o decay_a state_n thereof_o for_o have_v large_a hereditary_a dominion_n of_o his_o own_o out_o of_o which_o he_o can_v have_v both_o man_n and_o money_n and_o be_v likewise_o natural_o animate_v with_o a_o martial_a spirit_n and_o moreover_o king_n over_o a_o most_o warlike_a nation_n which_o be_v at_o present_a in_o league_n against_o the_o infidel_n with_o the_o emperor_n muscovite_n pope_n and_o venetian_n he_o have_v opportunity_n sufficient_a to_o enlarge_v that_o kingdom_n and_o extend_v it_o to_o its_o ancient_a bound_n the_o euxine_a sea_n by_o retake_v caminiec_n and_o the_o vkrain_n i_o may_v here_o take_v notice_n that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o time_n the_o pole_n have_v elect_v a_o german_a prince_n and_o likewise_o the_o first_o that_o they_o have_v exclude_v their_o king_n son_n for_o from_o the_o year_n 550_o when_o this_o monarchy_n begin_v to_o this_o present_a election_n the_o king_n child_n have_v be_v always_o choose_v and_o the_o crown_n though_o elective_a have_v be_v in_o the_o same_o family_n
powerful_a have_v a_o joint_a interest_n to_o limit_v the_o king_n power_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o common_a people_n in_o subjection_n who_o be_v stupid_o please_v with_o or_o rather_o insensible_a of_o their_o slavery_n and_o the_o notion_n of_o liberty_n be_v so_o inbred_a with_o the_o polish_v gentry_n that_o if_o they_o shall_v suspect_v that_o their_o king_n do_v aim_n at_o make_v any_o breach_n upon_o their_o law_n they_o not_o only_o think_v themselves_o no_o long_o oblige_v to_o pay_v he_o allegiance_n but_o likewise_o exclude_v his_o child_n for_o they_o maintain_v that_o â—â—ex_fw-la est_fw-la rex_fw-la their_o law_n be_v their_o king_n and_o that_o they_o elect_v a_o prince_n only_o to_o head_n their_o army_n against_o the_o invasion_n of_o foreigner_n and_o to_o govern_v the_o turbulent_a spirit_n of_o the_o grâ—â—â—â—â—â—_n who_o think_v they_o be_v all_o equal_a among_o themselves_o and_o their_o king_n but_o the_o first_o among_o his_o eqâ—â—ls_n so_o thâ—â—_n the_o â—â—urest_a way_n for_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n to_o maâ—â—_n the_o crown_n hereditary_n be_v never_o to_o 〈◊〉_d but_o to_o â—â—ave_v entire_o to_o the_o free_a will_n of_o the_o diâ—â—_n to_o â—â—ouse_n who_o they_o please_v which_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o bad_a success_n prime_a 〈◊〉_d have_v in_o the_o â—â—te_a election_n cause_v by_o the_o ill_a conâ—â—â—â—_n of_o king_n â—â—obieski_n his_o father_n who_o prompt_v by_o his_o 〈◊〉_d and_o french_a counsel_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d â—â—ears_v before_o his_o death_n to_o persuade_v the_o dieâ—â—_n iâ—â—_n those_o a_o successor_n which_o draw_v such_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o jealousy_n upon_o his_o child_n that_o very_o few_o appear_v for_o they_o in_o the_o last_o election_n thâ—â—_n he_o oblige_v the_o chief_a officer_n to_o who_o he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d â—â—onsiderable_a employment_n to_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o 〈◊〉_d his_o child_n interest_n after_o his_o 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o pole_n who_o think_v themselves_o to_o long_a â—â—ound_n by_o their_o oath_n than_o they_o find_v they_o conformable_a to_o their_o law_n and_o interest_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d tâ—â—_n abandon_v those_o prince_n to_o choose_v the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n and_o to_o give_v a_o new_a precedent_n for_o two_o thing_n they_o never_o practise_v before_o to_o exclude_v their_o own_o king_n son_n and_o to_o elect_v a_o german_a prince_n for_o the_o distance_n and_o situâ—â—iâ—â—n_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n hereditary_a dominion_n and_o the_o jealousy_n the_o other_o german_a prince_n will_v have_v conceive_v have_v he_o usurp_v more_o power_n than_o the_o law_n allow_v take_v away_o from_o the_o pole_n all_o suspicion_n that_o this_o prince_n will_v ever_o attempt_v to_o invade_v their_o privilege_n as_o they_o apprehend_v the_o prince_n of_o conti_n and_o perhaps_o john_n iii'_v child_n will_v have_v do_v when_o i_o come_v first_o into_o this_o nation_n my_o chief_a design_n be_v to_o converse_v with_o physician_n and_o other_o naturalist_n to_o improve_v my_o knowledge_n in_o the_o practice_n of_o physic_n and_o in_o natural_a history_n but_o find_v little_a here_o to_o satisfy_v my_o curiosity_n in_o these_o matter_n that_o i_o may_v not_o lose_v my_o labour_n in_o travel_v in_o so_o remote_a a_o country_n i_o resolve_v to_o look_v into_o their_o chronicle_n to_o inform_v myself_o of_o the_o origin_n of_o the_o monarchy_n of_o the_o succession_n and_o remarkable_a action_n of_o all_o its_o king_n of_o its_o geography_n and_o its_o product_n and_o to_o inquire_v into_o the_o ancient_n and_o present_a state_n of_o that_o vast_a kingdom_n which_o i_o have_v do_v with_o as_o much_o care_n and_o accuracy_n as_o i_o can_v well_o compass_v in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n people_z perhaps_o will_v admire_v how_o i_o can_v pretend_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o so_o large_a and_o ancient_a a_o kingdom_n not_o have_v be_v in_o it_o a_o full_a twelvemonth_n i_o own_o this_o be_v no_o small_a presumption_n in_o i_o have_v i_o undertake_v to_o give_v a_o complete_a history_n thereof_o but_o as_o i_o only_o relate_v brief_o either_o what_o i_o have_v gather_v from_o the_o best_a polish_v author_n learn_v from_o the_o most_o intelligent_a native_n or_o observe_v myself_o i_o hope_v the_o public_a will_v have_v no_o ill_a thought_n of_o i_o for_o this_o attempt_n the_o first_o writer_n of_o the_o polish_v history_n like_o most_o other_o historian_n be_v credulous_a and_o superstitious_a and_o have_v fill_v their_o write_n with_o a_o great_a many_o romantio_n and_o almost_o fabulous_a story_n which_o i_o have_v omit_v though_o i_o have_v insert_v some_o as_o the_o golden_a tooth_n the_o devour_a dragon_n popiel_n being_n eat_v by_o rat_n and_o some_o other_o not_o with_o a_o design_n to_o make_v the_o public_a believe_v they_o or_o that_o i_o believe_v they_o myself_o but_o only_o to_o show_v how_o the_o ignorance_n of_o some_o and_o the_o unfair_a relation_n of_o other_o have_v impose_v upon_o the_o world_n in_o all_o age_n i_o know_v something_o of_o the_o constitution_n of_o poland_n before_o i_o go_v thither_o have_v former_o converse_v with_o several_a gentleman_n of_o that_o country_n at_o paris_n in_o italy_n and_o germany_n which_o incline_v i_o in_o some_o measure_n to_o travel_v with_o some_o of_o they_o from_o thence_o into_o that_o kingdom_n beside_o i_o come_v out_o of_o poland_n with_o the_o electoress_n of_o bavaria_n the_o king_n daughter_n in_o company_n with_o several_a native_n thereof_o who_o attend_v her_o highness_n from_o warsaw_n to_o brussels_n in_o this_o long_a journey_n i_o have_v likewise_o opportunity_n to_o inform_v myself_o further_o of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o that_o country_n so_o that_o i_o have_v not_o only_o collect_v this_o imperfect_a account_n which_o i_o have_v venture_v to_o give_v of_o it_o during_o the_o little_a time_n i_o reside_v at_o the_o king_n court_n but_o likewise_o before_o i_o come_v thither_o and_o since_o i_o leave_v it_o i_o do_v not_o at_o first_o design_n this_o historical_a account_n shall_v swell_v to_o so_o great_a a_o bulk_n nor_o that_o chief_o the_o geographical_a part_n shall_v be_v so_o tedious_o long_a but_o think_v to_o reduce_v the_o whole_a to_o the_o narrow_a compass_n of_o one_o volume_n until_o mr._n s_o consider_v the_o inconveniency_n of_o too_o small_a a_o epitome_n enlarge_v the_o geography_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n and_o of_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n to_o make_v the_o relation_n of_o they_o both_o more_o exact_a and_o more_o satisfactory_a to_o such_o as_o be_v desirous_a to_o compare_v the_o town_n and_o province_n with_o the_o map_n the_o content_n of_o the_o first_o volume_n letter_n i._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a william_n lord_n dartmouth_n of_o the_o origin_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n with_o the_o succession_n and_o remarkable_a action_n of_o its_o first_o duke_n from_o the_o year_n 550_o to_o 830._o let._n two_o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a laurence_n earl_n of_o rochester_n ambassador_n from_o his_o majesty_n charles_n ii_o into_o poland_n contain_v the_o second_o and_o three_o class_n of_o the_o king_n of_o that_o country_n or_o the_o succession_n and_o remarkable_a action_n of_o the_o family_n of_o piastus_n and_o jagello_n from_o the_o year_n 830_o to_o the_o year_n 1574._o let._n iii_o to_o his_o grace_n william_n duke_n of_o devonshire_n lord_n steward_n of_o his_o majesty_n household_n of_o the_o succession_n and_o remarkable_a action_n of_o the_o four_o class_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n consist_v of_o mix_a family_n from_o the_o year_n 1574_o to_o 1674._o let._n iu._n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a william_n earl_n of_o yarmouth_n concern_v the_o family_n and_o remarkable_a action_n of_o john_n iii_o king_n of_o poland_n as_o also_o his_o daughter_n marriage_n to_o the_o present_a elector_n of_o bavaria_n etc._n etc._n let._n v._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a charles_n lord_n townsend_n of_o the_o extent_n and_o product_n of_o poland_n together_o with_o a_o description_n of_o the_o chief_a town_n and_o province_n of_o that_o kingdom_n let._n vi_o to_o george_n stepney_n esq_n his_o majesty_n envoy_n extraordinary_a to_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o extent_n and_o product_n of_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n with_o a_o account_n of_o its_o chief_a town_n and_o province_n the_o content_n of_o the_o second_o volume_n be_v the_o present_a state_n of_o poland_n in_o several_a letter_n letter_n i._o to_o his_o grace_n thomas_n lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n of_o the_o form_n of_o the_o government_n in_o poland_n and_o of_o the_o king_n power_n and_o revenue_n let._n ii_o to_o his_o grace_n the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n of_o the_o senate_n of_o poland_n or_o house_n of_o peer_n consist_v of_o bishop_n palatine_n castellan_n and_o the_o ten_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o likewise_o of_o the_o starosta_n and_o other_o person_n of_o note_n let._n iii_o to_o
all_o â—â—e_v chronicle_n history_n and_o general_a tradion_n of_o poland_n agree_v that_o out_o of_o these_o dead_a ody_n come_v a_o vast_a number_n of_o huge_a rat_n rat_n schich_v guide_v by_o a_o unknown_a intelligence_n â—â—llowed_v popiel_n his_o wife_n and_o child_n wherever_o they_o go_v neither_o river_n nor_o strong_a â—â—alls_n close_o room_n nor_o their_o very_a guard_n as_o they_o say_v be_v able_a to_o prevent_v these_o aniâ—â—als_n from_o crawl_v about_o they_o and_o continual_o ee_v on_o their_o body_n both_o night_n and_o day_n they_o first_o devour_v the_o son_n afterward_o the_o wife_n and_o last_o popiel_n himself_o though_o he_o retire_v or_o safety_n to_o a_o island_n in_o the_o river_n vistula_n it_o be_v say_v the_o watermen_n be_v afraid_a that_o hey_n shall_v gnaw_v through_o their_o boat_n and_o sink_v â—â—m_fw-la before_o they_o reach_v the_o island_n for_o they_o always_o pursue_v through_o fire_n or_o whatever_o else_o be_v oppose_v to_o they_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o noise_n â—â—nd_v fierceness_n this_o doubtless_o your_o lordship_n will_v think_v fâ—â—bulous_a yet_o since_o all_o their_o historian_n unanimous_o agree_v in_o it_o i_o think_v myself_o oblige_v to_o relate_v it_o as_o they_o do_v it_o be_v certain_a the_o poâ—â—_n will_v never_o elect_v any_o of_o popiel_n nephew_n â—â—_o any_o other_o of_o his_o relation_n for_o the_o aversioâ—â—_n they_o have_v conceive_v to_o his_o name_n after_o this_o â—â—_o normous_a crime_n so_o that_o he_o be_v the_o last_o of_o hâ—â—_n family_n that_o reign_v and_o likewise_o the_o last_o â—â—_o the_o first_o class_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o poland_n after_o the_o death_n of_o popiel_n the_o pole_n elect_v one_o piastus_n a_o wheelright_n nothing_o relate_v â—â—_o the_fw-mi to_o he_o or_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n h_o family_n reign_v successive_o without_o interruâ—â—tion_n for_o about_o 800_o year_n of_o which_o it_o wolf_n be_v too_o tedious_a to_o trouble_v your_o lordship_n wit_n a_o relation_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v conclude_v wit_n give_v you_o only_o this_o imperfect_a account_v â—â—_o the_o first_o prince_n of_o poland_n and_o with_o subscribe_v myself_o my_o lord_n your_o lordship_n be_v most_o obedient_a humble_a servant_n b._n â—â—_o letter_n ii_o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a laurence_n earl_n of_o rochester_n ambassador_n from_o his_o majesty_n charles_n ii_o into_o poland_n contain_v the_o second_o and_o three_o class_n of_o the_o king_n of_o that_o country_n or_o the_o succession_n and_o remarkable_a action_n of_o the_o family_n of_o piastus_n and_o jagello_n from_o the_o year_n 830_o to_o the_o year_n 1574._o my_o lord_n the_o great_a character_n i_o find_v your_o lordship_n have_v leave_v behind_o you_o in_o poland_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n make_v i_o as_o well_o admire_v your_o prudent_a conduct_n and_o circumspect_a behaviour_n at_o that_o court_n as_o the_o happy_a choice_n so_o great_a a_o prince_n make_v of_o you_o to_o represent_v his_o royal_a person_n there_o for_o though_o this_o western_a part_n of_o europe_n will_v hardly_o allow_v the_o pole_n the_o same_o proportion_n of_o sense_n and_o judgement_n with_o most_o other_o nation_n yet_o politician_n ready_o own_o that_o there_o be_v more_o art_n and_o policy_n require_v in_o a_o ambassador_n to_o manage_v his_o master_n credit_n and_o advantage_n with_o the_o turbulent_a spirit_n of_o the_o senate_n of_o poland_n than_o with_o any_o other_o court_n whatever_o govern_v by_o well_o regulate_v method_n and_o refine_a maxim_n this_o my_o lord_n the_o vigilant_a court_n of_o france_n and_o wise_a republic_n of_o venice_n have_v long_o experience_v and_o therefore_o of_o late_a have_v send_v into_o that_o kingdom_n none_o but_o their_o most_o accomplish_a statesman_n the_o esteem_v the_o court_n of_o poland_n profess_v for_o your_o lordship_n memory_n be_v fresh_a enough_o in_o my_o time_n to_o convince_v i_o that_o you_o be_v thorough_o acquaint_v with_o the_o genius_n and_o constitution_n of_o that_o nation_n two_o thing_n public_a minister_n ought_v chief_o to_o be_v verse_v in_o and_o which_o be_v the_o rule_v they_o general_o go_v by_o in_o their_o ministry_n to_o compass_v more_o effectual_o their_o design_n it_o will_v therefore_o my_o lord_n appear_v vain_a in_o i_o to_o presume_v to_o tell_v you_o any_o thing_n new_a as_o to_o the_o present_a state_n of_o that_o kingdom_n since_o by_o converse_v with_o your_o lordship_n i_o have_v learn_v some_o particular_n of_o that_o country_n i_o know_v nothing_o of_o before_o the_o subject_a i_o think_v most_o agreeable_a for_o your_o entertainment_n be_v a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o renown_a family_n of_o piastus_n and_o jagello_n who_o reign_v about_o eight_o hundred_o year_n and_o who_o remarkable_a action_n be_v doubtless_o out_o of_o the_o memory_n of_o those_o grandee_n you_o converse_v with_o be_v only_o record_v in_o voluminous_a annal_n which_o probable_o public_a and_o more_o important_a affair_n may_v not_o allow_v your_o lordship_n leisure_n to_o peruse_v the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n beginning_n to_o make_v some_o considerable_a figure_n in_o the_o world_n about_o the_o 38._o nine_o century_n and_o have_v embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n in_o the_o ten_o foreign_a nation_n particular_o its_o neighbour_n begin_v to_o look_v more_o nice_o into_o it_o and_o to_o embody_n its_o history_n with_o their_o own_o so_o that_o from_o thence_o forward_o i_o can_v promise_v your_o lordship_n a_o more_o certain_a account_n of_o this_o country_n than_o hitherto_o i_o have_v give_v from_o the_o six_o century_n to_o that_o time_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o inhuman_a popiel_n the_o last_o of_o the_o first_o class_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o poland_n his_o cousin_n germane_a who_o father_n he_o have_v poison_v aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n be_v unanimous_o reject_v by_o the_o pole_n either_o because_o they_o be_v think_v unqualify_v or_o undeserving_a or_o by_o reason_n of_o popiel_n crime_n which_o have_v entail_v a_o kind_n of_o odium_n both_o on_o they_o and_o all_o his_o posterity_n whereupon_o a_o general_n assembly_n or_o diet_n be_v call_v at_o cruswitz_n a_o small_a town_n in_o lower_n poland_n but_o not_o be_v able_a to_o agree_v their_o session_n be_v dissolve_v a_o little_a while_n after_o another_o be_v convene_v in_o the_o same_o place_n which_o be_v resolve_v to_o pitch_v upon_o some_o body_n to_o prevent_v far_a disorder_n elect_v one_o 830._o piastus_n a_o wheelright_n son_n to_o cossisco_n a_o citizen_n of_o cruswitz_n in_o gratitude_n for_o have_v supply_v their_o want_n of_o provision_n after_o the_o follow_a manner_n etc._n election_n piastus_n have_v provide_v a_o small_a collation_n for_o the_o name_n of_o a_o child_n bear_v about_o the_o time_n of_o that_o convention_n happen_v to_o be_v visit_v by_o two_o pilgrim_n paul_n and_o john_n who_o they_o report_v to_o have_v be_v afterward_o martyr_n at_o rome_n these_o mendicant_n be_v repulse_v at_o the_o hall_n of_o election_n be_v notwithstanding_o kind_o receive_v by_o he_o whereupon_o to_o return_v his_o civility_n they_o name_v his_o child_n ziemovitus_n and_o depart_v afterward_o by_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o elector_n provision_n grow_v scarce_o at_o cruswitz_n and_o many_o apply_v themselves_o to_o piastus_n for_o relief_n he_o furnish_v they_o all_o gratis_o but_o that_o not_o without_o be_v think_v a_o miracle_n for_o it_o be_v believe_v the_o blessing_n of_o those_o good_a man_n remain_v upon_o he_o and_o extend_v his_o bounty_n much_o beyond_o his_o suppose_a ability_n which_o make_v they_o look_v upon_o he_o as_o a_o man_n send_v from_o the_o god_n to_o govern_v they_o and_o therefore_o unanimous_o choose_v he_o for_o their_o prince_n this_o good_a man_n have_v thus_o obtain_v the_o virtue_n principality_n do_v not_o yet_o change_v his_o life_n with_o his_o condition_n but_o his_o power_n be_v increase_v continue_v his_o bounty_n comparative_o in_o his_o reign_n there_o arise_v many_o intestine_a disorder_n all_o which_o he_o soon_o quiet_v rather_o by_o his_o clemency_n than_o severity_n so_o be_v belove_v by_o good_a man_n and_o respect_v by_o bad_a and_o have_v remove_v his_o court_n from_o cruswitz_n which_o he_o abominate_v for_o have_v be_v the_o scene_n of_o death_n popiel_n wicked_a life_n to_o gnesna_n he_o die_v in_o the_o 120th_o year_n of_o his_o age._n his_o family_n reign_v above_o 600_o year_n in_o poland_n nay_o a_o branch_n of_o they_o be_v 74._o prince_n of_o silesia_n a_o long_a while_n after_o to_o the_o year_n 1675_o when_o george_n william_n the_o last_o of_o that_o house_n die_v without_o issue_n the_o dukedom_n of_o lignitz_n and_o brieg_n in_o silesia_n fall_v to_o the_o emperor_n in_o memory_n of_o this_o piastus_n when_o any_o native_a ever_o after_o obtain_v the_o crown_n of_o poland_n they_o call_v he_o a_o piasto_n he_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n 861._o ziemovitus_n
by_o his_o wife_n repicha_n a_o â—â—rave_a and_o warlike_a prince_n this_o duke_n have_v considerable_a advantage_n by_o have_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o government_n long_o before_o his_o father_n death_n who_o for_o some_o time_n be_v superâ—â—nnuated_a he_o obtain_v great_a conquest_n over_o the_o hungarian_n moravian_o and_o german_n and_o war_n be_v the_o 15._o first_o that_o bring_v the_o polish_v army_n to_o a_o discipline_n by_o institute_v general_n colonel_n captain_n and_o other_o subaltern_n officer_n among_o they_o he_o regain_v what_o the_o popielsâ—â—ost_o â—â—ost_z and_o beside_o considerable_o enlarge_v his_o dominion_n by_o new_a conquest_n character_n he_o be_v a_o person_n of_o a_o boundless_a resolution_n seem_v destine_v for_o war_n 22._o be_v able_a to_o undergo_v the_o great_a fatigue_n and_o consequent_o be_v exceed_o admire_v and_o belove_v by_o his_o subject_n he_o die_v at_o gnesna_n be_v bury_v death_n there_o and_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n 892._o lescus_n iu._n who_o be_v elect_v young_a be_v under_o the_o care_n of_o governor_n for_o some_o time_n he_o be_v of_o a_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a disposition_n character_n incline_v rather_o to_o peace_n than_o war_n and_o content_v to_o preserve_v what_o his_o father_n have_v leave_v he_o without_o ever_o aim_v to_o enlarge_v his_o dominion_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 913_o and_o be_v death_n succeed_v by_o his_o son_n character_n ziemovistus_n who_o reign_v 51_o year_n this_o prince_n be_v much_o of_o the_o same_o temper_n with_o his_o father_n there_o have_v be_v no_o war_n in_o his_o time_n he_o have_v but_o one_o son_n â—â—ecislaus_n i._n who_o be_v bear_v blind_a be_v miracuâ—â—ously_o restore_v to_o his_o sight_n about_o the_o age_n of_o seven_o year_n when_o he_o be_v about_o to_o have_v his_o head_n shave_v according_a to_o the_o pagan_a custom_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o magi_n of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o prognosticate_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v the_o light_n of_o poland_n which_o not_o long_o after_o his_o election_n death_n come_v to_o pass_v ziemovistus_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o gnesna_n and_o his_o son_n 964._o miecislaus_fw-la i._n come_v to_o the_o crown_n next_o he_o have_v seven_o wife_n at_o a_o time_n yet_o can_v have_v no_o child_n by_o they_o which_o open_v a_o way_n christian_n for_o the_o christian_a faith_n to_o enter_v poland_n for_o there_o be_v then_o several_a christian_n wander_v up_o and_o down_o that_o country_n to_o convert_v those_o pagan_n they_o come_v to_o this_o duke_n and_o tell_v he_o he_o can_v never_o have_v any_o issue_n till_o he_o have_v turn_v christian_a which_o miecislaus_fw-la harken_v to_o immediate_o put_v away_o all_o his_o wife_n and_o wife_n marry_v dambrawca_n daughter_n to_o boleslaus_n duke_n of_o bohemia_n on_o condition_n to_o turn_v christian_a and_o be_v baptize_v whereupon_o pope_n john_n xiii_o send_v cardinal_n aegidius_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o priest_n into_o poland_n to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n there_o which_o before_o have_v be_v altogether_o unknown_a in_o that_o country_n this_o duke_n erect_v the_o archbishoprics_a of_o gnesna_n and_o cracow_n with_o several_a bishopric_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n miecislaus_fw-la have_v a_o son_n call_v boleslâ—â—us_o which_o mighty_o augment_v his_o zeal_n to_o oblige_v his_o subject_n to_o be_v convert_v 19_o for_o he_o cause_v a_o law_n to_o be_v make_v that_o while_o any_o part_n of_o the_o gospel_n be_v read_v at_o mass_n every_o man_n shall_v half_o draw_v his_o scimitar_n to_o testify_v their_o forwardness_n to_o defend_v that_o faith_n war_n this_o duke_n have_v war_n with_o vlodimirus_n duke_n of_o russia_n to_o who_o he_o lose_v premislia_n and_o other_o to_n he_o send_v lambert_n archbishop_n of_o cracow_n to_o rome_n to_o obtain_v leave_n of_o pope_n benedict_n vii_o for_o the_o prince_n of_o poland_n to_o be_v style_v king_n but_o be_v refuse_v this_o pontiff_n not_o be_v yet_o dispose_v to_o grant_v that_o favour_n he_o bury_v dambrawca_n and_o afterward_o marry_v judith_n daughter_n of_o jesse_n prince_n of_o hungary_n and_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n 999._o boleslaus_n chrobry_n a_o virtuous_a prince_n who_o be_v elect_v in_o the_o year_n 999._o and_o 130._o after_o some_o year_n reign_v by_o consent_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v dignify_v with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n by_o 1005._o the_o emperor_n otho_n iii_o who_o also_o remit_v the_o pretension_n his_o predecessor_n have_v to_o poland_n as_o be_v emperor_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o this_o in_o consideration_n of_o a_o kind_a entertainment_n make_v he_o by_o boleslaus_n in_o his_o pilgrimage_n on_o account_n of_o his_o health_n to_o the_o tomb_n of_o st._n adalbert_n bishop_n of_o prague_n who_o be_v martyr_v by_o some_o pagan_n to_o who_o he_o offer_v to_o preach_v the_o christian_a faith_n of_o these_o barbarian_n boleslaus_n buy_v his_o body_n and_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v bury_v at_o gnesna_n whither_o great_a number_n from_o all_o part_n come_v to_o pay_v their_o devotion_n at_o his_o shrine_n the_o emperor_n otho_n also_o at_o the_o same_o time_n marry_v his_o niece_n rixa_fw-la to_o boleslaus_n his_o young_a son_n miecislaus_fw-la who_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o kingdom_n to_o confirm_v his_o be_v crown_v king_n by_o otho_n the_o emperor_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o recite_v part_n of_o a_o old_a epitaph_n write_v upon_o he_o ob_fw-la famam_fw-la bonam_fw-la tibi_fw-la contulit_fw-la otto_n coronam_fw-la propter_fw-la luctamen_fw-la sit_fw-la tibi_fw-la salus_fw-la amen_n 22._o this_o king_n be_v surname_v chrobry_n signify_v in_o polish_v acute_a from_o the_o quickness_n and_o excellency_n of_o his_o part_n boleslaus_n make_v bohemia_n moravia_n and_o prussia_n tributary_n to_o poland_n war_n he_o also_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o saxon_n who_o make_v incursion_n into_o pomerania_n which_o be_v then_o govern_v by_o lescus_n iii_n family_n he_o assistant_n likewise_o institute_v twelve_o senator_n to_o assist_v he_o in_o the_o government_n this_o king_n death_n be_v so_o sincere_o regret_v that_o for_o a_o year_n time_n there_o be_v no_o mirth_n nor_o splendour_n in_o poland_n 71._o this_o prince_n be_v of_o a_o undaunted_a character_n spirit_n though_o withal_o modest_a courteous_a and_o endear_n both_o boleslaus_n and_o his_o father_n lie_v bury_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o cathedral_n church_n death_n of_o posnan_n who_o tomb_n i_o have_v there_o see_v his_o son_n 1025._o miecislaus_fw-la ii_o being_n about_o 35_o year_n old_a be_v elect_v next_o be_v crown_v by_o hippolytus_n archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n he_o degenerate_v in_o all_o respect_n from_o his_o father_n and_o lose_v most_o of_o those_o conquest_n which_o he_o have_v add_v war_n to_o the_o crown_n to_o he_o the_o bohemian_n and_o â—â—avians_n refuse_v to_o pay_v tribute_n yet_o he_o â—â—ued_v pomerania_n which_o belong_v of_o right_n he_o polish_v crown_n he_o be_v a_o person_n very_o â—â—y_a and_o stupid_a and_o choose_v rather_o to_o be_v character_n â—â—ed_v by_o his_o queen_n and_o companion_n than_o council_n which_o make_v he_o soon_o slight_v and_o â—â—ised_v both_o by_o his_o friend_n and_o enemy_n yet_o reign_v almost_o nine_o year_n and_o live_v forty_o 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v say_v he_o die_v mad_a and_o leave_v but_o death_n son_n 10â—â—4_n casimir_n i._n who_o be_v elect_v young_a his_o â—â—ther_n rixa_fw-la officiate_v the_o regency_n during_o regent_z minority_n this_o king_n be_v not_o choose_v withâ—â—_n much_o difficulty_n for_o many_o of_o the_o elector_n â—â—ing_n he_o may_v follow_v his_o father_n step_n viâ—â—ously_o oppose_v he_o at_o first_o also_o the_o polesâ—â—re_v â—â—re_z dissatisfy_v with_o his_o mother_n admiâ—â—ration_n for_o several_a reason_n among_o which_o 〈◊〉_d be_v her_o rob_v the_o treasury_n and_o afterwards_o fly_v with_o her_o son_n to_o her_o brother_n â—â—sar_n in_o saxony_n this_o young_a prince_n be_v send_v afterward_o his_o mother_n to_o study_v at_o paris_n become_v a_o bedictin_a monk_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o â—â—luncy_n in_o france_n the_o mean_a time_n the_o pole_n have_v no_o body_n to_o â—â—eside_v in_o their_o government_n have_v great_a disâ—â—sions_n among_o they_o and_o therefore_o earnest_o entreat_v the_o pope_n to_o dispense_v with_o casiâ—â—r's_n vow_n that_o he_o may_v return_v to_o his_o throne_n schich_v they_o at_o length_n obtain_v upon_o 71._o agreeent_n that_o for_o each_o head_n except_o those_o of_o the_o obility_n and_o clergy_n they_o will_v contribute_v early_o a_o farthing_n to_o maintain_v a_o lamp_n perpetual_o burn_v in_o st._n peter_n church_n at_o râ—â—_n and_o moreover_o for_o ever_o after_o cause_v their_o hâ—â—_n to_o be_v shave_v about_o their_o ear_n like_o moâ—â—_n which_o be_v practise_v to_o this_o day_n as_o likeâ—â—_n stand_v in_o a_o white_a surplice_n while_o mass_n be_v â—â—ciating_a recall_v on_o all_o holiday_n upon_o these_o conditor_n they_o have_v their_o king_n again_o but_o when_o he_o â—â—_o crown_v i_o
woievod_n of_o cracovia_n to_o who_o the_o king_n after_o the_o fight_n send_v a_o hare-skin_n and_o spinning-wheel_n for_o recompense_n nevertheless_o this_o one_o defeat_n stick_v so_o close_o to_o he_o that_o he_o soon_o after_o die_v leave_v four_o son_n among_o who_o issue_n he_o divide_v his_o kingdom_n this_o king_n perform_v a_o great_a many_o more_o memorable_a action_n which_o my_o lord_n because_o they_o may_v be_v too_o tedious_a to_o insert_v here_o i_o have_v omit_v 72._o character_n he_o be_v of_o a_o undaunted_a spirit_n a_o great_a despiser_n of_o danger_n and_o no_o less_o a_o observer_n of_o truth_n and_o right_n very_o liberal_a and_o generous_a upon_o the_o small_a occasion_n and_o moreover_o endue_v with_o singular_a clemency_n and_o modesty_n he_o be_v further_a very_o ambitious_a of_o glory_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n no_o enemy_n to_o peace_n though_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v train_v up_o to_o war_n from_o his_o very_a cradle_n to_o 1140._o uladislaus_n surname_v the_o driveler_n his_o elder_a son_n he_o leave_v the_o supreme_a power_n which_o be_v confirm_v and_o he_o elect_v in_o the_o year_n 1140_o but_o reign_v only_o six_o year_n and_o to_o the_o other_o three_o he_o give_v only_o some_o separate_a province_n which_o afterward_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o great_a disorder_n in_o poland_n for_o the_o elder_a brother_n vladislaus_n pretend_v to_o dispossess_v brother_n the_o other_o three_o turn_v his_o brother_n boleslaus_n out_o of_o the_o palatinate_v of_o ploskow_n and_o masovia_n and_o his_o brother_n henry_n out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o sendomir_n who_o both_o retire_a to_o their_o three_o brother_n that_o govern_v posnania_n 73._o vladislaus_n have_v always_o with_o he_o a_o nobleman_n call_v d_o peter_n dunin_n who_o take_v out_o one_o day_n to_o hunt_v they_o happen_v to_o be_v so_o late_o abroad_o that_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o lie_v all_o night_n in_o a_o wood_n where_o for_o diversion_n the_o king_n begin_v to_o joke_v with_o his_o companion_n after_o this_o manner_n dunin_n quoth_v he_o i._n believe_v your_o wife_n lie_v more_o at_o ease_n to_o night_n with_o the_o abbot_n scrinnen_n than_o we_o do_v to_o which_o dunin_n forget_v himself_o tart_o reply_v and_o it_o may_v be_v your_o majesty_n do_v the_o same_o with_o dobessus_n who_o it_o seem_v be_v a_o handsome_a fellow_n about_o court_n that_o his_o queen_n christina_n love_v this_o answer_n so_o nettle_v the_o king_n that_o he_o afterward_o employ_v the_o same_o dobessus_n to_o be_v revenge_v revenge_n on_o dunin_n which_o he_o effect_v by_o pull_v out_o his_o tongue_n and_o eye_n hereupon_o the_o people_n perceive_v how_o cruel_o vladislaus_n persecute_v his_o own_o brother_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n how_o ill_o he_o treat_v his_o subject_n begin_v to_o be_v daily_o more_o and_o more_o disaffect_v to_o he_o whereby_o his_o brother_n party_n great_o increase_a he_o be_v beat_v by_o they_o as_o he_o be_v go_v to_o besiege_v posnan_n wherefore_o discover_v new_a faction_n hourly_o appear_v against_o he_o and_o fear_v some_o ill_a fate_n from_o a_o universal_a hatred_n he_o timely_o withdraw_v into_o germany_n to_o the_o emperor_n conrade_n iii_o cousin_n kingdom_n german_a to_o his_o queen_n christina_n who_o several_a time_n endeavour_v to_o restore_v he_o but_o all_o in_o vain_a for_o his_o brother_n boleslaus_n crispus_n have_v get_v possession_n of_o the_o crown_n vladislaus_n be_v force_v to_o compound_v for_o silesia_n only_o which_o afterward_o fall_v to_o the_o principality_n of_o bohemia_n and_o have_v ever_o since_o be_v out_o of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o pole_n this_o prince_n lie_v bury_v at_o attenburg_n death_n a_o city_n of_o germany_n in_o alsace_n vladislaus_n with_o his_o son_n have_v abdicate_v the_o crown_n of_o poland_n his_o second_o brother_n 1146._o boleslaus_n crispus_n or_o the_o frizzle_a be_v elect_v in_o the_o year_n 1146_o and_o reign_v to_o the_o year_n 1175_o yet_o the_o emperor_n conrade_n do_v what_o he_o can_v to_o restore_v vladislaus_n to_o effect_v which_o he_o first_o send_v ambassador_n into_o poland_n but_o to_o no_o purpose_n then_o he_o resolve_v to_o make_v war_n with_o the_o pole_n but_o defer_v it_o till_o his_o expedition_n against_o asia_n be_v over_o to_o facilitate_v which_o he_o have_v obtain_v leave_n to_o pass_v through_o boleslaus_n his_o dominion_n to_o the_o euxine_a sea_n but_o at_o his_o return_n be_v constant_o solicit_v by_o vladislaus_n and_o his_o queen_n he_o march_v with_o a_o powerful_a army_n against_o poland_n yet_o war_n what_o with_o delay_n stratagem_n and_o ambuscadoe_n he_o be_v so_o fatigue_v by_o the_o pole_n that_o he_o can_v do_v nothing_o till_o at_o last_o he_o be_v call_v home_o to_o appease_v some_o intestine_a broil_n in_o his_o own_o dominion_n which_o have_v effect_v he_o soon_o after_o die_v his_o successor_n frederic_n barberossa_n also_o espouse_v vladislaus_n his_o cause_n but_o not_o be_v able_a to_o do_v any_o thing_n in_o his_o favour_n by_o ambassador_n he_o march_v with_o a_o numerous_a army_n against_o the_o pole_n which_o they_o likewise_o harass_v and_o weary_v out_o till_o they_o have_v oblige_v that_o emperor_n to_o strike_v up_o a_o peace_n with_o they_o he_o be_v in_o war_n at_o the_o same_o time_n against_o milan_n by_o which_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o boleslaus_n shall_v remit_v silesia_n to_o vladislaus_n who_o posterity_n afterward_o divide_v it_o into_o several_a dutchy_n till_o at_o last_o it_o come_v to_o the_o empire_n this_o great_a province_n my_o lord_n as_o i_o observe_v in_o my_o journey_n through_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o fertile_a and_o plentiful_a country_n in_o all_o germany_n boleslaus_n begin_v another_o war_n against_o the_o prussian_n for_o refuse_v to_o pay_v he_o tribute_n and_o force_v they_o to_o this_o compliance_n that_o they_o shall_v submit_v in_o case_n he_o leave_v they_o to_o their_o religion_n but_o otherwise_o they_o bold_o declare_v that_o they_o will_v rather_o die_v than_o become_v christian_n again_o whereupon_o boleslaus_n be_v force_v to_o grant_v they_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n yet_o they_o soon_o revolt_v and_o by_o a_o 78._o stratagem_n entire_o rout_v the_o polish_v army_n and_o death_n kill_v his_o brother_n henry_n this_o king_n die_v not_o long_o after_o and_o be_v bury_v at_o cracow_n 1174._o miecislaus_fw-la surname_v the_o old_a brother_n to_o boleslaus_n succeed_v he_o be_v elect_v in_o the_o year_n 1174_o and_o reign_v only_o to_o 1178._o he_o be_v call_v the_o old_a from_o his_o great_a sagacity_n and_o prudence_n in_o his_o youth_n his_o covetousness_n policy_n induce_v he_o to_o hoard_v up_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n by_o oppress_v the_o gentry_n and_o people_n with_o unreasonable_a tax_n and_o sell_v all_o employment_n though_o against_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n this_o extreme_a avarice_n bring_v he_o to_o be_v general_o hate_v by_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o people_n whereupon_o 88_o gedeon_n bishop_n of_o cracow_n endeavour_v several_a time_n to_o incline_v he_o to_o pity_v his_o subject_n and_o despise_v money_n since_o he_o have_v no_o need_n of_o it_o but_o he_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n hearken_v to_o his_o advice_n wherefore_o this_o bishop_n concert_v together_o with_o the_o gentry_n to_o dethrone_v he_o and_o remit_v dethrone_v the_o crown_n to_o casimir_n his_o brother_n who_o more_o deserve_v it_o which_o they_o effectual_o do_v after_o some_o little_a bloodshed_n here_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o covertousness_n be_v the_o great_a vice_n that_o any_o prince_n can_v be_v guilty_a of_o especial_o a_o king_n of_o poland_n who_o subject_n as_o your_o lordship_n doubtless_o have_v observe_v be_v general_o liberal_a even_o to_o extravagance_n at_o first_o casimir_n refuse_v the_o crown_n offer_v he_o allege_v it_o be_v his_o brother_n right_a and_o that_o such_o a_o alteration_n may_v occasion_v civil_a war_n which_o he_o by_o no_o mean_n have_v any_o mind_n to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o but_o when_o they_o unanimous_o declare_v they_o will_v have_v no_o other_o king_n and_o can_v never_o more_o obey_v miecislaus_fw-la 1178._o casimir_n ii_o consent_v to_o accept_v of_o the_o government_n be_v elect_v in_o the_o year_n 1178_o and_o reign_v to_o 1195._o he_o be_v surname_v the_o just_a be_v altogether_o unlike_o his_o brother_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o follow_a particular_a 82._o be_v at_o play_n with_o a_o gentleman_n of_o he_o name_v conarius_n whilst_o he_o be_v prince_n of_o sendomir_n and_o have_v win_v all_o his_o adversary_n money_n the_o gentleman_n in_o a_o passion_n strike_v he_o over_o the_o face_n and_o flee_v but_o next_o day_n be_v bring_v before_o he_o be_v adjudge_v by_o every_o body_n to_o have_v deserve_v death_n for_o his_o insolence_n not_o example_n at_o all_o reply_v the_o good_a prince_n for_o be_v affect_v with_o his_o loss_n and_o not_o
son_n and_o the_o other_o name_v hedwigis_fw-la he_o leave_v to_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n etc._n this_o prince_n be_v very_o curious_a to_o know_v what_o opinion_n people_n have_v of_o he_o and_o be_v also_o exact_a in_o reform_v the_o fault_n they_o lay_v to_o his_o example_n charge_n for_o this_o purpose_n he_o be_v wont_a to_o disguise_v himself_o and_o inquire_v among_o the_o people_n how_o they_o like_v their_o king_n and_o what_o they_o think_v amiss_o in_o he_o and_o according_a to_o their_o answer_n he_o redress_v the_o grievance_n suggest_v to_o he_o my_o lord_n i_o have_v hitherto_o give_v you_o a_o succinct_a account_n of_o the_o family_n of_o piastus_n next_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o present_v your_o lordship_n likewise_o with_o that_o of_o jagello_n be_v still_o a_o continuation_n of_o piastus_n his_o family_n in_o the_o line_n of_o a_o daughter_n of_o the_o family_n of_o jagello_n when_o lewis_n king_n of_o poland_n and_o hungary_n die_v his_o daughter_n hedwigis_fw-la be_v with_o her_o mother_n the_o queen_n dowager_n in_o hungary_n the_o pole_n though_o there_o be_v several_a prince_n of_o the_o race_n of_o piastus_n leave_v in_o poland_n and_o silesia_n yet_o either_o because_o they_o do_v not_o think_v they_o deserve_v or_o else_o by_o reason_n that_o they_o believe_v they_o engage_v in_o their_o enemy_n interest_n send_v a_o solemn_a embassy_n for_o the_o young_a princess_n 1382._o hedwigis_fw-la who_o soon_o come_v into_o poland_n with_o cardinal_n demetrius_n the_o bishop_n of_o strigonia_n and_o several_a other_o of_o the_o chief_a nobility_n of_o hungary_n at_o her_o arrival_n the_o pole_n receive_v she_o with_o great_a joy_n splendour_n and_o magnificence_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n bozenta_n crown_v she_o after_o the_o usual_a ceremony_n at_o cracow_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n hedwigis_fw-la always_o religious_o observe_v in_o poland_n in_o the_o year_n 1382_o and_o she_o reign_v alone_o four_o year_n this_o young_a princess_n be_v not_o yet_o marry_v suitor_n have_v several_a noble_a suitor_n among_o which_o ziemovitus_n duke_n of_o masovia_n be_v the_o first_o who_o she_o refuse_v the_o next_o be_v william_n of_o austria_n who_o come_v in_o person_n to_o court_v she_o he_o she_o like_v but_o the_o senate_n of_o poland_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n consent_n to_o a_o marriage_n with_o he_o have_v always_o have_v a_o maxim_n which_o they_o never_o hitherto_o break_v that_o they_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n admit_v any_o of_o that_o family_n to_o their_o crown_n and_o this_o fear_v so_o powerful_a a_o neighbour_n may_v one_o time_n or_o other_o find_v mean_n to_o make_v himself_o absolute_a in_o their_o country_n but_o at_o last_o jagello_n great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n have_v better_a fortune_n for_o he_o soon_o obtain_v she_o by_o the_o great_a christian_n and_o advantageous_a proffer_v he_o make_v the_o pole_n he_o first_o promise_v to_o embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n with_o all_o his_o country_n who_o be_v before_o fagan_o next_o to_o unite_v lithuania_n to_o poland_n during_o his_o time_n under_o the_o same_o form_n of_o government_n and_o last_o that_o in_o case_n his_o male_a race_n fail_v it_o shall_v for_o ever_o after_o be_v annex_v to_o that_o kingdom_n hereupon_o jagello_n be_v baptize_v and_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o name_n of_o 1386._o uladislaus_n v._o and_o after_o have_v consummate_v the_o marriage_n with_o hedwigis_fw-la be_v consecrate_v by_o the_o archbishop_n bozenta_fw-mi in_o the_o year_n 1386._o and_o reign_v 48_o year_n not_o long_o after_o his_o coronation_n he_o go_v with_o priest_n into_o lithuania_n lithuanian_n and_o in_o a_o twelve_o month_n time_n convert_v all_o that_o nation_n but_o this_o not_o so_o much_o by_o their_o preach_a and_o vigilance_n as_o by_o his_o own_o exemplary_a zeal_n and_o persuasion_n 87._o after_o cracow_n this_o he_o erect_v the_o university_n of_o cracow_n which_o casimir_n the_o great_a have_v only_o begin_v and_o send_v to_o prague_n in_o bohemia_n for_o learned_a man_n to_o instruct_v the_o youth_n in_o all_o manner_n of_o science_n which_o have_v never_o before_o be_v teach_v in_o this_o country_n about_o this_o time_n queen_n hedwigis_fw-la dies_fw-la die_v after_o have_v endow_v the_o university_n to_o encourage_v learning_n order_n this_o prince_n have_v long_a war_n with_o the_o teutonic_n order_n which_o then_o very_o much_o insult_v over_o the_o frontier_n of_o his_o kingdom_n whereupon_o the_o pole_n be_v not_o a_o little_a incline_v to_o be_v revenge_v on_o this_o proud_a and_o powerful_a people_n now_o poland_n not_o be_v alone_o sufficient_a to_o withstand_v they_o jagello_n make_v up_o a_o considerable_a army_n of_o pole_n lithuanian_n russian_n and_o tartar_n with_o all_o which_o he_o march_v direct_o towards_o they_o who_o be_v get_v ready_a to_o receive_v he_o with_o a_o body_n of_o about_o 140000_o man_n yet_o notwithstanding_o after_o a_o long_a and_o doubtful_a fight_n the_o pole_n happen_v to_o have_v the_o better_a and_o entire_o rout_v the_o teutonic_n army_n kill_v their_o great_a master_n conrade_n of_o thuningen_n with_o about_o 30000_o soldier_n and_o near_o 15000_o take_v prisoner_n this_o victory_n the_o pole_n pursue_v so_o far_o that_o they_o take_v most_o of_o the_o town_n in_o prussia_n and_o doubtless_o have_v entire_o destroy_v that_o order_n have_v not_o the_o emperor_n sigismond_n '_o come_v to_o their_o relief_n who_o soon_o force_v the_o pole_n to_o make_v peace_n with_o they_o and_o to_o restore_v all_o they_o have_v take_v from_o '_o they_o afterward_o jagello_n have_v several_a other_o conflict_n with_o the_o teutonic_n order_n in_o all_o which_o he_o conquer_v death_n he_o die_v of_o a_o fever_n in_o russia_n after_o have_v reign_v forty_o eight_o year_n and_o some_o month_n and_o lie_v bury_v in_o the_o cathedral_n at_o cracow_n this_o king_n have_v have_v four_o wife_n all_o which_o he_o issue_n cause_v to_o be_v crown_v and_o two_o son_n vladislaus_n vi_o and_o casimir_n iu._n though_o his_o son_n 1435._o uladislaus_n the_o six_o be_v but_o nine_o year_n old_a when_o his_o father_n die_v yet_o after_o long_a debate_n and_o great_a opposition_n in_o the_o diet_n he_o be_v elect_v at_o briescia_n in_o the_o year_n 1435_o and_o reign_v ten_o year_n 167._o he_o be_v so_o young_a when_o he_o be_v choose_v that_o his_o coronation_n oath_n be_v fain_o to_o be_v dispense_v with_o his_o mother_n sophia_n and_o some_o of_o the_o peer_n have_v promise_v he_o shall_v take_v it_o when_o he_o come_v of_o age._n regent_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o senate_n be_v regent_n during_o his_o minority_n some_o while_n after_o the_o tartar_n make_v great_a incursion_n into_o podolia_n which_o then_o belong_v to_o poland_n when_o have_v kill_v the_o polish_v general_n bucarius_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n they_o retire_v with_o great_a booty_n into_o their_o own_o country_n after_o this_o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n albert_n hungary_n have_v no_o king_n to_o defend_v it_o against_o the_o turk_n who_o threaten_v it_o on_o all_o side_n send_v ambassador_n to_o vladislaus_n to_o entreat_v he_o to_o come_v and_o be_v their_o king_n which_o after_o some_o deliberation_n he_o accept_v of_o and_o go_v into_o that_o kingdom_n notwithstanding_o the_o cabal_n and_o party_n of_o the_o empress_n elizabeth_n who_o be_v leave_v four_o month_n go_v with_o child_n he_o be_v crown_v king_n of_o hungary_n at_o buda_n the_o child_n hungary_n the_o empress_n go_v with_o be_v afterward_o bear_v and_o call_v ladislaus_n but_o she_o die_v not_o long_o after_o leave_v king_n vladislaus_n in_o peace_n at_o least_o at_o home_n till_o the_o turk_n oblige_v he_o to_o take_v arm_n for_o his_o defence_n abroad_o for_o amurath_n emperor_n of_o the_o turk_n be_v not_o only_o then_o on_o his_o march_n to_o besiege_v belgrade_n in_o person_n but_o also_o command_v the_o hungarian_n to_o pay_v he_o tribute_n hereupon_o vladislaus_n be_v force_v to_o declare_v turk_n war_n against_o he_o and_o under_o the_o command_n of_o huniades_n send_v a_o army_n make_v up_o of_o pole_n and_o hungarian_n to_o oppose_v he_o which_o come_v upon_o he_o by_o night_n surprise_v the_o turkish_a army_n near_o the_o river_n morava_n in_o hungary_n and_o make_v such_o a_o slaughter_n of_o they_o that_o it_o be_v think_v the_o turk_n lose_v above_o 30000_o man_n that_o day_n after_o this_o happy_a victory_n vladislaus_n banish_v all_o those_o infidel_n out_o of_o hungary_n and_o pursue_v they_o to_o the_o very_a frontier_n of_o macedon_n in_o greece_n where_o he_o gain_v a_o second_o battle_n over_o carambeius_n general_n of_o the_o troop_n of_o asia_n take_v he_o prisoner_n and_o drive_v his_o army_n into_o mountain_n and_o inaccessible_a place_n the_o king_n be_v wound_v in_o this_o action_n etc._n upon_o this_o occasion_n john_n palcologus_n emperor_n of_o
then_o busy_v in_o other_o war_n answer_v he_o can_v spare_v they_o none_o but_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o have_v recourse_n to_o who_o protection_n they_o think_v fit_a some_o therefore_o among_o they_o put_v themselves_o under_o eric_n king_n of_o sweden_n but_o the_o archbishop_n of_o riga_n and_o the_o great_a master_n of_o the_o teutonic_n order_n with_o all_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n request_v the_o assistance_n of_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n who_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n grant_v it_o they_o unless_o they_o will_v submit_v themselves_o entire_o to_o his_o obedience_n and_o take_v oath_n of_o fidelity_n according_o next_o that_o they_o shall_v give_v up_o all_o their_o town_n and_o country_n and_o last_o annex_v livonia_n for_o ever_o to_o poland_n to_o these_o term_n the_o livonian_o be_v neither_o ready_a nor_o willing_a to_o submit_v however_o at_o length_n they_o think_v it_o better_a to_o condescend_v to_o these_o proposal_n than_o be_v force_v to_o accept_v of_o worse_a from_o the_o irresistible_a fury_n of_o the_o muscovite_n and_o therefore_o poland_n have_v mature_o deliberate_v on_o the_o matter_n consent_v that_o gothotre_v ketler_n a_o gentleman_n of_o westphalia_n then_o great_a master_n and_o general_n of_o their_o army_n shall_v public_o abdicate_v his_o mastership_n and_o give_v up_o to_o nicholas_n radzivil_n palatin_n of_o vilna_n depute_v for_o that_o purpose_n by_o the_o king_n the_o city_n and_o citadel_n of_o riga_n and_o declare_v livonia_n from_o thenceforward_o subject_a to_o poland_n which_o be_v according_o do_v and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n by_o order_n of_o the_o king_n his_o master_n radzivil_n proclaim_v semigallia_n gothotre_v ketler_n 8._o duke_n of_o curland_n and_o semigallia_n which_o be_v two_o province_n of_o livonia_n and_o next_o day_n by_o further_a order_n declare_v he_o viceroy_n and_o governor_n of_o livonia_n these_o two_o province_n of_o curland_n and_o semigallia_n ketler_n posterity_n have_v enjoy_v ever_o since_o by_o hereditary_a succession_n but_o still_o as_o vassal_n to_o poland_n upon_o this_o agreement_n the_o king_n declare_v muscovite_n war_n immediate_o against_o the_o muscovite_n who_o be_v then_o very_o strong_a have_v just_a before_o take_v from_o the_o tartar_n the_o kingdom_n of_o astracan_a and_o casan_n nevertheless_o he_o defeat_v their_o army_n upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o lithuania_n and_o force_v they_o to_o retire_v into_o their_o own_o country_n but_o they_o soon_o return_v a_o second_o time_n command_v by_o their_o czar_n john_n basilowit_v though_o with_o as_o little_a success_n as_o before_o 255._o this_o czar_n be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v a_o most_o cruel_a tyrant_n it_o have_v be_v his_o chief_a diversion_n to_o invent_v new_a way_n of_o torture_v insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v say_v that_o to_o boil_v and_o roast_v both_o his_o own_o subject_n and_o the_o prisoner_n he_o take_v be_v the_o least_o punishment_n he_o make_v they_o suffer_v it_o will_v be_v both_o tedious_a and_o horrid_a to_o hear_v all_o the_o torture_n he_o use_v towards_o man_n woman_n and_o child_n he_o be_v wont_a to_o recompense_v such_o as_o invent_v new_a way_n of_o torture_n but_o these_o his_o inhuman_a cruelty_n do_v so_o exasperate_v his_o subject_n that_o sigismond_n find_v no_o great_a difficulty_n to_o force_v he_o to_o a_o peace_n after_o this_o sigismond_n send_v a_o small_a army_n into_o valachia_n to_o support_v bogdan_n in_o his_o intention_n to_o make_v himself_o prince_n thereof_o but_o the_o valachian_n assist_v by_o the_o turk_n soon_o oblige_v the_o pole_n to_o return_v home_o propagate_v etc._n in_o this_o king_n reign_n the_o lutheran_n religion_n get_v great_a ground_n in_o poland_n the_o cause_n of_o which_o be_v a_o quarrel_n upon_o account_n of_o a_o whore_n between_o the_o courtier_n and_o scholar_n which_o induce_v the_o latter_a to_o retire_v into_o germany_n where_o they_o first_o imbibe_v these_o principle_n and_o which_o upon_o their_o return_n they_o not_o a_o little_a propagate_v in_o their_o own_o country_n the_o first_o person_n of_o note_n that_o embrace_v this_o religion_n be_v johannes_n a_o lasco_n palatin_n of_o lanschet_fw-mi who_o in_o the_o year_n 1540_o leave_v his_o government_n and_o go_v into_o holland_n and_o england_n and_o at_o his_o return_n convert_v several_a to_o that_o persuasion_n all_o this_o while_n the_o king_n give_v disturbance_n to_o none_o that_o abjure_v the_o roman_a faith_n but_o rather_o 394._o favour_v they_o have_v hear_v several_a of_o their_o preacher_n in_o his_o court_n particular_o two_o johannes_n cosminis_fw-la and_o laurencius_fw-la prasnitius_n which_o occasion_v most_o of_o the_o bishop_n to_o be_v incline_v to_o that_o belief_n here_o can_v well_o be_v omit_v a_o great_a escape_n king_n sigismond_n have_v at_o koningsberg_n in_o ducal_z prussia_n whither_o be_v invite_v by_o albert_n marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o at_o his_o reception_n salute_v with_o all_o the_o cannon_n by_o negligence_n of_o a_o gunner_n a_o bullet_n be_v leave_v in_o one_o of_o they_o which_o when_o fire_v come_v so_o near_o the_o king_n as_o to_o dash_v out_o one_o etc._n wisnoviec_n brain_n who_o march_v just_a behind_o he_o babina_n in_o sigismund_n 395._o time_n flourish_v the_o jocular_a commonwealth_n of_o babina_n consist_v of_o several_a merry_a gentleman_n of_o lublin_n who_o meet_v together_o at_o a_o place_n call_v babin_n to_o exercise_v their_o wit_n upon_o all_o occasion_n this_o meeting_n to_o procure_v the_o great_a respect_n for_o their_o proceed_n they_o model_v into_o the_o form_n of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n elect_v a_o king_n and_o senate_n together_o with_o divers_a officer_n and_o magistrate_n as_o whenever_o any_o among_o they_o talk_v out_o of_o his_o sphere_n and_o meddle_v with_o matter_n that_o do_v no_o way_n belong_v to_o he_o they_o create_v he_o a_o archbishop_n or_o palatin_n such_o a_o one_o as_o make_v a_o great_a many_o blunder_n and_o delight_v in_o contradiction_n they_o choose_v for_o their_o speaker_n or_o chancellor_n and_o whoever_o boast_v too_o inordinate_o of_o his_o valour_n they_o prefer_v to_o be_v their_o general_n pass_v immediate_o a_o patent_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o which_o be_v to_o be_v present_v to_o he_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o submission_n by_o the_o bragadochio_n of_o a_o minor_a character_n but_o if_o the_o person_n elect_v refuse_v this_o command_n they_o persecute_v he_o with_o hiss_v and_o hoot_v till_o he_o have_v accept_v it_o thus_o they_o create_v several_a other_o senator_n of_o different_a quality_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o in_o short_a time_n they_o become_v judicious_a censurer_n wary_a talker_n modest_a observer_n humble_a performer_n and_o true_a relater_n of_o any_o exploit_n whenever_o they_o admit_v any_o of_o their_o society_n they_o first_o inquire_v into_o his_o ability_n and_o require_v a_o specimen_fw-la of_o his_o part_n 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there_o arise_v some_o grave_a dispute_n in_o this_o society_n
about_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o monarchy_n of_o persia_n greece_n and_o rome_n a_o certain_a merry_a fellow_n start_v up_o and_o cry_v what_o make_v you_o thus_o boast_v gentleman_n of_o the_o antiquity_n and_o extent_n of_o these_o monarchy_n when_o we_o of_o babina_n be_v much_o more_o ancient_a and_o of_o wide_a bound_n than_o they_o all_o what_o say_v david_n omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la mendax_fw-la all_o man_n be_v liar_n wherefore_o the_o whole_a earth_n must_v consequent_o have_v be_v comprehend_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o our_o jurisdiction_n from_o all_o age_n his_o opinion_n be_v unanimous_o receive_v with_o applause_n this_o society_n further_o boast_v of_o have_v always_o have_v privilege_n and_o immunity_n from_o emperor_n and_o king_n but_o still_o such_o as_o be_v too_o severe_a in_o their_o reflection_n be_v not_o to_o be_v admit_v of_o this_o republic_n the_o place_n where_o this_o assembly_n meet_v the_o member_n term_v gelda_n be_v the_o word_n that_o the_o dantzicker_n use_v for_o a_o tavern_n and_o which_o the_o pole_n apply_v to_o a_o merry_a company_n of_o witty_a fellow_n death_n sigismond_n die_v of_o a_o chronical_a distemper_n at_o knyssin_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o lithuania_n &c_n &c_n and_o leave_v no_o child_n but_o have_v two_o sister_n survive_v catherine_n and_o ann_n the_o former_a of_o which_o be_v first_o marry_v to_o john_n duke_n of_o finland_n and_o then_o to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n she_o be_v mother_n to_o sigismond_n iii_o who_o be_v afterward_o king_n of_o sweden_n and_o poland_n ann_n live_v a_o long_a while_o a_o maid_n till_o she_o be_v marry_v to_o stephen_n batori_fw-mi prince_n of_o transilvania_n and_o afterward_o king_n of_o poland_n extinct_a after_o this_o sigismund_n death_n the_o male_a race_n of_o the_o jagellonic_a family_n be_v quite_o extinct_a i_o be_o afraid_a i_o have_v almost_o tire_v your_o lordship_n patience_n with_o this_o prolix_a narrative_n of_o the_o second_o and_o three_o class_n 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four_o class_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n consist_v of_o mix_a family_n from_o the_o year_n 1574_o to_o 1674._o my_o lord_n the_o great_a esteem_n and_o true_a respect_n which_o your_o eminent_a quality_n and_o gallant_a behaviour_n both_o beyond_o sea_n and_o at_o home_n command_v from_o all_o those_o who_o have_v hear_v of_o your_o name_n make_v i_o ambitious_a to_o give_v your_o grace_n in_o this_o account_n of_o poland_n a_o testimony_n of_o i_o and_o congratulate_v myself_o in_o the_o honour_n of_o be_v know_v to_o so_o great_a a_o person_n the_o subject_a my_o lord_n i_o think_v most_o suitable_a to_o so_o great_a a_o mind_n and_o genius_n as_o you_o be_v a_o relation_n of_o heroic_a action_n i_o mean_v the_o live_v of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n from_o the_o last_o of_o the_o jagellonick_a family_n to_o the_o election_n of_o the_o late_a king_n john_n sobieski_n comprehend_v the_o space_n of_o a_o hundred_o year_n by_o sigismond_n the_o second_v death_n the_o great_a and_o renown_a family_n of_o jagello_n come_v to_o be_v extinct_a as_o to_o male_n for_o he_o leave_v no_o child_n and_o have_v only_o two_o sister_n catherine_n and_o ann._n the_o former_a be_v first_o marry_v to_o john_n duke_n of_o finland_n and_o next_o to_o john_n iii_o king_n of_o sueden_n have_v be_v mother_n to_o sigismond_n iii_o who_o be_v afterward_o both_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o sueden_n the_o latter_a ann_n live_v a_o maid_n for_o a_o considerable_a while_n till_o stephen_n batori_n prince_n of_o transylvania_n be_v elect_a king_n of_o poland_n marry_v she_o but_o have_v no_o issue_n by_o she_o call_v the_o abp_n of_o gnesna_n james_n vchanski_n have_v notify_v the_o late_a king_n death_n to_o all_o the_o gentry_n call_v a_o diet_n after_o the_o usual_a manner_n to_o elect_a another_o whereupon_o several_a candidate_n appear_v they_o all_o have_v their_o different_a party_n and_o friend_n in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o chief_a pretender_n be_v ernest_n of_o austria_n the_o emperor_n son_n john_n iii_o king_n of_o sueden_n the_o great_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n and_o henry_n of_o valois_n brother_n to_o charles_n ix_o of_o france_n beside_o several_a native_n of_o the_o country_n after_o a_o long_a deliberation_n they_o pitch_v upon_o 1574._o henry_n of_o valois_n duke_n of_o anjou_n and_o send_v 2._o adam_n conarsky_n bishop_n of_o posnan_n and_o albert_n laski_n palatin_n of_o siradia_n in_o quality_n of_o ambassador_n together_o with_o several_a other_o senator_n into_o france_n to_o bring_v he_o into_o his_o kingdom_n after_o have_v agree_v to_o the_o follow_a article_n to_o the_o performance_n of_o which_o both_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o his_o brother_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n the_o article_n be_v as_o follow_v imprimis_fw-la that_o henry_n of_o valois_n shall_v transport_v all_o his_o effect_n and_o annual_a revenue_n in_o france_n into_o poland_n 2._o that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n shall_v pay_v sigismond_n the_o late_a king_n debt_n with_o his_o own_o money_n 3._o that_o the_o french_a king_n shall_v maintain_v a_o hundred_o young_a polish_v nobleman_n at_o his_o court_n and_o fifty_o in_o other_o place_n 4._o and_o last_o that_o he_o shall_v build_v a_o fleet_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o help_v the_o pole_n to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n against_o the_o muscovite_n there_o be_v another_o article_n the_o king_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n consent_n to_o till_o he_o come_v into_o poland_n and_o that_o be_v 5._o that_o he_o shall_v marry_v the_o princess_n ann_n sister_n to_o sigismond_n late_a king_n of_o poland_n king_n henry_n have_v thus_o chief_o satisfy_v the_o condition_n he_o set_v forth_o from_o paris_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o october_n in_o the_o year_n 1576_o and_o pass_v through_o lorain_n and_o germany_n direct_o to_o posnan_n in_o poland_n whence_o he_o soon_o after_o coronation_n go_v and_o be_v crown_v at_o cracow_n the_o 21_o of_o february_n 1577_o but_o in_o four_o month_n time_n after_o his_o coronation_n receive_v letter_n from_o france_n that_o the_o king_n his_o brother_n be_v 1._o dead_a without_o issue_n and_o be_v beg_v to_o return_v to_o enjoy_v his_o right_n he_o communicate_v those_o letter_n to_o the_o senate_n acquaint_v they_o withal_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a he_o shall_v return_v into_o france_n to_o prevent_v civil_a war_n and_o maintain_v his_o title_n to_o that_o crown_n but_o fear_v lest_o the_o pole_n may_v have_v detain_v he_o as_o i_o have_v often_o hear_v they_o say_v they_o will_v certain_o have_v do_v on_o the_o 18_o of_o march_n he_o steal_v away_o poland_n and_o rid_v post_n through_o silesia_n and_o germany_n into_o italy_n and_o thence_o to_o france_n the_o king_n be_v miss_v next_o morning_n they_o send_v several_a senator_n after_o he_o who_o overtake_v he_o in_o silesia_n and_o beg_v of_o he_o to_o return_v and_o not_o abandon_v a_o nation_n so_o shameful_o which_o
mean_n be_v rate_v much_o low_a than_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n can_v have_v expect_v for_o although_o it_o be_v urge_v to_o sigismond_n that_o as_o charles_n the_o vth_o deal_v former_o by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n on_o the_o like_a occasion_n so_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n pay_v down_o suitable_a to_o the_o great_a quality_n of_o his_o prisoner_n yet_o sigismond_n answer_v that_o it_o be_v term_n to_o no_o purpose_n to_o propose_v charles_n the_o vth_o as_o a_o example_n in_o this_o case_n since_o that_o prince_n have_v be_v guilty_a of_o a_o action_n unbecoming_a his_o grandeur_n when_o for_o his_o part_n he_o do_v not_o look_v upon_o it_o sufficient_a advantage_n to_o have_v get_v the_o better_a of_o his_o enemy_n unless_o he_o likewise_o have_v the_o glory_n to_o give_v he_o his_o liberty_n and_o not_o to_o make_v he_o buy_v it_o by_o this_o mediation_n maximilian_n be_v to_o quit_v for_o ever_o his_o title_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n to_o restore_v some_o place_n which_o have_v be_v surrender_v to_o he_o and_o to_o remain_v in_o a_o perpetual_a amity_n with_o poland_n to_o all_o which_o the_o emperor_n his_o brother_n be_v make_v guarantee_n but_o although_o these_o condition_n be_v so_o very_o reasonable_a yet_o maximilian_n will_v not_o ratify_v they_o till_o 1589._o wherefore_o his_o wilfulness_n detain_v he_o in_o prison_n dissent_v till_o that_o time_n when_o he_o escape_v 〈◊〉_d to_o his_o parole_n of_o honour_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v afterward_o bring_v to_o sign_v they_o by_o the_o power_n consent_n his_o brother_n have_v over_o he_o marriage_n etc._n sigismond_n iii_o be_v first_o marry_v to_o ann_n daughter_n of_o charles_n archduke_n of_o austria_n and_o after_o her_o death_n to_o constantia_n her_o sister_n by_o both_o which_o he_o have_v three_o son_n vladislaus_n by_o the_o former_a and_o casimir_n and_o ferdinand_n by_o the_o latter_a the_o two_o first_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n when_o the_o king_n his_o father_n be_v dead_a he_o go_v into_o swedeland_n and_o be_v there_o 1592._o likewise_o crown_v king_n of_o that_o country_n in_o the_o year_n 1592._o on_o condition_n that_o every_o five_o year_n he_o shall_v come_v and_o reign_v over_o sweden_n in_o person_n but_o be_v engage_v in_o a_o long_a war_n against_o the_o muscovite_n turk_n and_o tartar_n he_o can_v not_o be_v spare_v in_o fifteen_o year_n and_o therefore_o send_v a_o senate_n of_o jesuit_n to_o govern_v they_o and_o suppress_v the_o lutherah_n doctrine_n which_o be_v then_o mighty_o spread_v in_o that_o country_n 105._o here_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o this_o king_n mother_n catherine_n strict_o adhere_v to_o the_o roman_a church_n by_o the_o permission_n of_o her_o husband_n john_n iii_o king_n of_o sweden_n who_o also_o lean_v a_o little_a that_o way_n whereupon_o when_o sigismund_n tutor_n arnold_n grothusius_n will_v have_v seduce_v he_o from_o that_o persuasion_n his_o father_n john_n be_v in_o a_o great_a passion_n and_o draw_v his_o sword_n upon_o the_o tutor_n cry_v i_o will_v have_v my_o son_n educate_v in_o hope_n of_o both_o kingdom_n mean_v his_o own_o and_o that_o of_o poland_n these_o jesuit_n the_o king_n order_v to_o be_v receive_v with_o the_o same_o honour_n as_o if_o he_o himself_o have_v come_v in_o person_n at_o which_o the_o swede_n be_v grievous_o nettle_v sink_v they_o in_o the_o harbour_n of_o stockholm_n in_o the_o ship_n that_o bring_v sweden_n they_o from_o dantzic_n and_o immediate_o thereupon_o proclaim_v charles_n duke_n of_o sudermannia_n sigismund_n uncle_n their_o king_n who_o have_v embrace_v lutheranism_n some_o time_n before_o and_o which_o the_o swede_n have_v profess_v ever_o since_o this_o occasion_v bloody_a war_n between_o these_o two_o nation_n but_o sigismond_n be_v likewise_o engage_v with_o other_o country_n be_v force_v to_o accept_v of_o a_o dishonourable_a truce_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o war_n king_n charles_n ix_o take_v a_o great_a many_o place_n from_o the_o pole_n in_o livonia_n most_o of_o which_o be_v afterward_o retake_v by_o the_o polish_v general_n and_o chancellor_n zamoski_n beside_o this_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n be_v vanquish_v in_o a_o great_a battle_n fight_v near_o kirckholm_n and_o riga_n where_o he_o narrow_o escape_v himself_o but_o some_o intestine_a division_n arise_v between_o the_o king_n and_o nobility_n of_o poland_n he_o get_v time_n to_o recover_v breath_n muscovite_n the_o occasion_n of_o the_o war_n between_o the_o pole_n and_o muscovite_n be_v this_o a_o certain_a person_n come_v into_o poland_n pretend_v to_o be_v demetrius_n son_n to_o john_n basilowitz_n great_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n and_o that_o he_o be_v to_o have_v be_v murder_v by_o order_n of_o boris_n gudenow_n afterward_o grand_a duke_n who_o hope_v thereby_o to_o secure_v the_o succession_n after_o the_o death_n of_o theodore_n elder_a son_n of_o the_o say_a duke_n but_o that_o another_o have_v be_v kill_v in_o his_o stead_n hereupon_o he_o find_v so_o great_a encouragement_n from_o george_n mniszeck_n palatin_n of_o sendomir_n that_o he_o marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o he_o and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o some_o other_o polish_v lord_n gather_v together_o a_o great_a army_n and_o march_v with_o demetrius_n into_o muscovy_n when_o boris_n gudenow_n then_o grand_a duke_n happen_v to_o die_v sudden_o he_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o muscovite_n and_o proclaim_v czar_n in_o moscow_n hereupon_o he_o send_v into_o poland_n for_o his_o bride_n but_o while_o the_o nuptial_n be_v celebrate_v in_o moscow_n the_o people_n suspect_v he_o to_o be_v a_o impostor_n gather_v together_o raise_v a_o tumult_n and_o attack_v the_o castle_n where_o they_o cut_v to_o piece_n demetrius_n with_o most_o of_o the_o pole_n that_o come_v along_o with_o he_o and_o his_o bride_n and_o take_v her_o prisoner_n then_o basilius_n suski_n descend_v from_o the_o grand_a duke_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n have_v get_v together_o about_o â—â—0000_n man_n be_v proclaim_v czar_n immediate_o after_o which_o a_o rumour_n be_v spread_v abroad_o that_o demetrius_n have_v escape_v though_o suski_n have_v take_v care_n to_o expose_v his_o body_n to_o view_v which_o be_v so_o mangle_v that_o none_o can_v know_v he_o and_o a_o person_n pretend_v to_o be_v he_o the_o pole_n acknowledge_v he_o as_o such_o whereupon_o they_o together_o with_o the_o cosack_v assist_v this_o person_n to_o recover_v his_o pretend_a right_n and_o several_a time_n beat_v suski_n and_o oblige_v he_o to_o set_v at_o liberty_n the_o captive_a bride_n she_o also_o acknowledge_v this_o demetrius_n for_o her_o husband_n but_o whether_o he_o be_v real_o so_o or_o not_o can_v never_o yet_o be_v determine_v sigismond_n lay_v hold_v of_o this_o opportunity_n to_o try_v at_o least_o whether_o he_o can_v recover_v smolensko_n and_o severia_n whereupon_o he_o besiege_v the_o former_a in_o the_o year_n 1609_o but_o can_v not_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o till_o the_o year_n 1611_o when_o he_o take_v it_o by_o storm_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o pole_n who_o have_v hitherto_o side_v with_o demetrius_n be_v recall_v by_o sigismond_n who_o think_v it_o not_o convenient_a that_o so_o considerable_a a_o part_n of_o his_o force_n shall_v be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o another_o by_o the_o removal_n of_o this_o army_n suski_n have_v leisure_n to_o recover_v himself_o whereupon_o with_o the_o assistance_n send_v he_o out_o of_o sweden_n he_o march_v direct_o against_o the_o pole_n who_o then_o be_v besiege_v smolensko_n but_o be_v shameful_o defeat_v by_o they_o near_o clusin_n by_o this_o overthrow_n the_o affair_n of_o the_o muscovite_n be_v again_o in_o a_o very_a dangerous_a condition_n wherefore_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n they_o resolve_v to_o depose_v suski_n who_o by_o his_o misfortune_n become_v odious_a to_o they_o and_o to_o offer_v their_o crown_n to_o vladislaus_n sigismund_n son_n this_o suski_n be_v afterward_o surrender_v to_o the_o pole_n and_o die_v at_o warsaw_n in_o prison_n whereupon_o vladislaus_n march_v towards_o that_o country_n with_o a_o powerful_a army_n in_o the_o year_n 1610_o and_o they_o hear_v of_o it_o think_v he_o come_v rather_o to_o conquer_v than_o accept_v their_o crown_n unanimous_o revolt_v against_o he_o especial_o when_o they_o hear_v that_o demetrius_n have_v be_v murder_v by_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v his_o guard_n hereupon_o prince_n vladislaus_n his_o expedition_n be_v make_v to_o no_o purpose_n he_o be_v force_v to_o make_v a_o truce_n with_o the_o muscovite_n for_o fourteen_o year_n whereby_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o pole_n shall_v keep_v in_o their_o possession_n the_o several_a dukedom_n of_o severia_n zernikow_n and_o novogrod_n which_o they_o have_v take_v during_o the_o late_a trouble_n in_o muscovy_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n george_n farenbach_n surrender_v several_a place_n in_o
and_o king_n of_o sweden_n contend_v for_o prior_n admittance_n when_o the_o latter_a be_v prevent_v by_o the_o gout_n or_o at_o least_o so_o feign_v it_o be_v force_v to_o yield_v the_o emperor_n minister_n therefore_o be_v introduce_v who_o in_o the_o name_n of_o his_o master_n recommend_v likewise_o prince_n vladislaus_n afterward_o the_o swedish_n embassador_n indisposition_n give_v he_o leave_v to_o be_v admit_v he_o propose_v a_o strict_a alliance_n between_o sweden_n and_o poland_n in_o case_n the_o diet_n will_v elect_v none_o of_o sigismund_n issue_n but_o on_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v first_o renounce_v all_o right_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n this_o proposal_n be_v not_o at_o all_o approve_v of_o and_o there_o be_v something_o else_o say_v also_o by_o this_o minister_n which_o mighty_o displease_v the_o diet_n yet_o at_o that_o time_n they_o think_v it_o better_a to_o dissemble_v their_o dislike_n than_o provoke_v so_o powerful_a a_o prince_n as_o gustavus_n by_o a_o resentment_n vote_n at_o this_o diet_n the_o city_n of_o dantzic_n have_v a_o great_a favour_n grant_v they_o which_o be_v for_o the_o future_a to_o have_v a_o vote_n at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n which_o privilege_n have_v never_o be_v grant_v before_o but_o to_o the_o city_n of_o cracow_n and_o vilna_n one_o be_v capital_a of_o poland_n and_o the_o other_o of_o lithuania_n prince_n 1632._o uladislaus_n be_v choose_v the_o 13_o of_o november_n 1632._o when_o he_o take_v the_o usual_a oath_n be_v proclaim_v by_o the_o primate_n and_o afterward_o crown_v on_o the_o 18_o of_o february_n 1633._o marriage_n he_o be_v first_o marry_v to_o coecilia_n renata_n daughter_n to_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n ii_o and_o afterward_o to_o the_o princess_n mary_n ludovica_n di_fw-it gonzaga_n daughter_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o nevers_n of_o the_o house_n of_o mantua_n the_o king_n of_o france_n always_o match_v the_o princess_n of_o nevers_n and_o nemours_n as_o princess_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o crown_v head_n war_n the_o year_n after_o his_o election_n vladislaus_n not_o only_o force_v the_o muscovite_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o smolensko_n and_o obtain_v a_o signal_n victory_n over_o they_o but_o likewise_o bring_v their_o army_n to_o such_o extremity_n that_o they_o surrender_v themselves_o and_o the_o turk_n who_o have_v make_v a_o diversion_n be_v also_o at_o the_o same_o time_n brave_o repulse_v not_o long_o after_o vladislaus_n make_v a_o advantageous_a peace_n with_o the_o muscovite_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o they_o renounce_v their_o protension_n to_o the_o two_o large_a dukedom_n of_o smolensko_n and_o zernikow_n which_o beget_v such_o a_o terror_n in_o the_o turk_n that_o they_o also_o free_o make_v restitution_n for_o the_o damage_n sustain_v in_o their_o last_o incursion_n and_o strangle_v their_o bassa_n who_o command_v those_o force_n he_o force_v likewise_o the_o swede_n to_o restore_v he_o those_o place_n they_o possess_v in_o prussia_n and_o to_o prolong_v the_o truce_n for_o 26_o year_n which_o they_o the_o easy_o consent_v to_o by_o reason_n that_o their_o affair_n in_o germany_n be_v but_o in_o a_o ill_a condition_n after_o the_o battle_n of_o norlinguen_n etc._n in_o the_o year_n 1637_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o cosack_n war_n with_o the_o cosack_n be_v lay_v which_o bring_v unspeakable_a damage_n upon_o the_o pole_n and_o which_o be_v occasion_v thus_o the_o privilege_n the_o cosack_n have_v obtain_v from_o king_n stephen_n make_v they_o to_o increase_v in_o number_n and_o grow_v much_o strong_a than_o they_o be_v before_o for_o the_o peasant_n of_o all_o the_o neighbour_a country_n have_v be_v exceed_o oppress_v by_o their_o lord_n to_o deliver_v themselves_o from_o slavery_n run_v in_o great_a number_n into_o the_o vkraine_n whereby_o the_o cosack_v soon_o grow_v very_o formidable_a both_o to_o the_o pole_n and_o turk_n which_o embolden_v they_o to_o make_v frequent_a incursion_n into_o turkey_n and_o which_o be_v afterward_o the_o occasion_n of_o many_o bloody_a war_n between_o these_o two_o nation_n the_o great_a man_n of_o poland_n have_v purchase_v divers_a estate_n in_o vkraina_n think_v their_o revenue_n may_v be_v considerable_o augment_v if_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o cosack_n be_v but_o reduce_v to_o a_o narrow_a compass_n and_o if_o instead_o of_o plunder_v their_o neighbour_n the_o turk_n they_o be_v restrain_v to_o manure_v the_o ground_n and_o live_v upon_o the_o product_n of_o their_o own_o labour_n whereupon_o the_o pole_n prevail_v upon_o their_o king_n vladislaus_n to_o send_v general_n konicepoliski_n to_o reduce_v they_o hereupon_o at_o first_o the_o cosack_v make_v a_o vigorous_a resistance_n and_o oppose_v the_o building_n of_o the_o fortress_n hudack_n just_a at_o a_o point_n where_o the_o river_n zwamer_n fall_v into_o the_o boristhenes_n but_o be_v at_o last_o entire_o defeat_v by_o the_o pole_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o surrender_v their_o general_n paulack_a with_o some_o other_o of_o the_o chief_a among_o they_o who_o notwithstanding_o a_o pardon_n promise_v they_o beforehand_o be_v all_o behead_v beside_o this_o it_o be_v decree_v in_o the_o diet_n that_o all_o their_o former_a privilege_n together_o with_o the_o fortress_n of_o tectimoravia_n grant_v they_o by_o king_n stephen_n shall_v be_v take_v from_o they_o and_o a_o new_a body_n of_o militia_n settle_v there_o in_o their_o stead_n to_o put_v this_o decree_n in_o execution_n the_o polish_v army_n march_v forthwith_o into_o the_o vkraine_n but_o be_v oppose_v by_o the_o cosack_v with_o great_a bravery_n who_o yet_o nevertheless_o promise_v to_o be_v faithful_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n provide_v their_o ancient_a privilege_n may_v be_v continue_v to_o they_o which_o the_o pole_n ready_o agree_v to_o but_o however_o never_o perform_v nay_o treat_v several_a of_o they_o very_o ill_o for_o among_o other_o oppressive_a method_n they_o take_v from_o they_o some_o of_o their_o greek_a church_n afterward_o the_o cosack_v recover_v in_o some_o measure_n under_o their_o general_n bogdan_n chmielinski_n who_o have_v be_v just_o enrage_v by_o jarinski_n ravish_v his_o wife_n and_o afterward_o murder_v both_o she_o and_o her_o son_n resolve_v on_o some_o expedient_a to_o revenge_v this_o affront_n and_o rid_v his_o country_n of_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o polish_v government_n poszty_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n post_n be_v first_o use_v in_o poland_n settle_v after_o the_o german_a manner_n in_o the_o year_n 1647._o death_n king_n vladislaus_n after_o a_o indifferent_o happy_a reign_n die_v of_o a_o malignant_a fever_n at_o merick_n in_o lithuania_n the_o 20_o of_o may_n in_o the_o year_n 1648._o the_o muscovite_n vanquish_v under_o his_o reign_n the_o turk_n force_v to_o sue_v for_o peace_n the_o inclination_n he_o ever_o have_v to_o oblige_v every_o body_n and_o the_o concern_v he_o be_v always_o under_o when_o it_o be_v out_o of_o his_o power_n to_o give_v sufficient_a proof_n of_o his_o liberality_n be_v powerful_a motive_n to_o induce_v the_o pole_n to_o regret_n his_o loss_n who_o consternation_n be_v the_o more_o augment_v after_o his_o death_n by_o their_o defeat_n and_o the_o take_n of_o divers_a place_n by_o the_o cosack_n for_o want_v of_o he_o vladislaus_n leave_v no_o issue_n his_o brother_n 1648._o john_n casimir_n who_o have_v lead_v a_o religious_a life_n for_o some_o time_n and_o be_v afterward_o create_v 599._o cardinal_n by_o innocent_a the_o xth._n succeed_v he_o be_v elect_a king_n in_o the_o same_o year_n that_o his_o brother_n die_v with_o the_o follow_a circumstance_n the_o primate_n mathias_n lubienski_n have_v signify_v the_o death_n of_o the_o late_a king_n by_o circular_a call_v letter_n and_o convene_v a_o diet_n to_o meet_v on_o the_o 25_o of_o june_n the_o diet_n of_o election_n have_v be_v fix_v for_o the_o 6_o of_o october_n all_o the_o senator_n and_o deputy_n meet_v at_o the_o time_n appoint_v but_o there_o be_v no_o such_o heat_n and_o intrigue_n among_o they_o as_o former_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o cosack_n and_o tartar_n have_v raise_v too_o great_a disorder_n in_o poland_n for_o they_o to_o think_v of_o any_o thing_n at_o that_o time_n but_o union_n for_o the_o news_n of_o such_o prodigious_a preparation_n make_v against_o they_o be_v enough_o to_o stagger_v any_o resolution_n but_o that_o of_o the_o polander_n who_o valour_n have_v general_o procure_v they_o the_o great_a success_n hereupon_o order_n be_v immediate_o issue_v out_o to_o raise_v troop_n to_o oppose_v these_o cruel_a invader_n election_n and_o afterward_o the_o gentry_n proceed_v to_o the_o election_n of_o a_o successor_n to_o the_o throne_n at_o which_o time_n no_o body_n think_v that_o prince_n casimir_n who_o be_v then_o compliment_v with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o sueden_n will_v have_v have_v any_o competitor_n for_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o muscovy_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o transylvania_n
who_o both_o put_v in_o for_o the_o crown_n be_v look_v upon_o to_o have_v little_a or_o no_o interest_n the_o czar_n very_o blunt_o demand_v the_o crown_n or_o upon_o refusal_n threaten_v to_o come_v and_o force_v a_o compliance_n but_o george_n ragozzi_n seem_v to_o have_v recourse_n to_o a_o mild_a method_n yet_o though_o he_o offer_v his_o army_n of_o 30000_o man_n to_o the_o republic_n to_o assist_v they_o against_o their_o enemy_n he_o be_v suspect_v to_o have_v design_v it_o against_o they_o but_o at_o length_n the_o threat_n of_o the_o one_o and_o promise_v of_o the_o other_o have_v no_o better_a effect_n than_o that_o they_o be_v both_o equal_o despise_v and_o reject_v oppose_v the_o competitor_n that_o casimir_n expect_v least_o be_v prince_n charles_n ferdinand_n bishop_n of_o breslaw_n in_o silesia_n and_o ploczko_n in_o poland_n who_o solicit_v the_o crown_n for_o his_o brother_n but_o design_v it_o for_o himself_o it_o be_v believe_v he_o have_v write_v into_o sueden_n to_o engage_v the_o queen_n in_o his_o interest_n he_o have_v also_o lend_v a_o million_o to_o raise_v troop_n but_o this_o seem_v no_o extraordinary_a policy_n since_o his_o brother_n prince_n casimir_n have_v before_o be_v declare_a generalissimo_n of_o the_o army_n stanislaus_n zaremba_n bishop_n of_o kiovia_n be_v think_v to_o have_v give_v ferdinand_n this_o bad_a counsel_n think_v if_o he_o can_v advance_v that_o prince_n he_o may_v withal_o procure_v himself_o the_o chief_a dignity_n in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n be_v then_o fourscore_o year_n old_a and_o therefore_o not_o likely_a to_o live_v long_o travel_n prince_n casimir_n have_v always_o show_v a_o uncommon_a virtue_n in_o all_o his_o action_n he_o love_v war_n and_o have_v ever_o a_o great_a inclination_n for_o travel_n whereupon_o in_o 1638_o he_o embark_v at_o genoa_n for_o spain_n with_o design_n to_o assist_v that_o kingdom_n against_o france_n but_o be_v take_v in_o provence_n he_o be_v keep_v two_o year_n till_o he_o be_v restore_v to_o his_o brother_n vladislaus_n by_o mean_n of_o a_o embassy_n send_v to_o the_o court_n of_o france_n this_o disgrace_n which_o happen_v to_o this_o prince_n do_v not_o hinder_v he_o from_o undertake_v other_o voyage_n for_o in_o 1643_o he_o leave_v poland_n a_o second_o time_n and_o pass_v by_o loretto_n become_v a_o jesuit_n there_o without_o acquaint_v the_o king_n his_o brother_n therewith_o to_o withdraw_v he_o honourable_o from_o this_o company_n and_o prevent_v the_o public_a from_o blame_v his_o inconstancy_n pope_n innocent_a the_o xth_o make_v he_o cardinal_n in_o 1646_o which_o dignity_n casimir_n see_v after_o resign_v for_o his_o brother_n son_n die_v in_o 1647_o and_o his_o brother_n be_v neither_o like_a to_o have_v any_o more_o child_n nor_o to_o live_v long_o he_o prudent_o bethink_v himself_o of_o other_o measure_n wherefore_o in_o 1647_o he_o send_v his_o renunciation_n to_o his_o holiness_n by_o francis_n fredt_n de_fw-fr moulinet_n a_o french_a gentleman_n a_o person_n he_o have_v always_o cherish_v and_o employ_v upon_o divers_a occasion_n and_o who_o approve_a fidelity_n make_v he_o often_o say_v that_o a_o prince_n be_v always_o better_o serve_v by_o stranger_n than_o by_o his_o own_o subject_n this_o retreat_n of_o casimir_n among_o the_o jesuit_n exclude_v give_v occasion_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o kiovia_n to_o labour_n at_o his_o exclusion_n in_o which_o he_o be_v zealous_o assist_v by_o the_o protestant_n who_o mortal_o hate_v that_o society_n this_o bishop_n likewise_o imagine_v he_o have_v get_v the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o gentry_n on_o his_o side_n who_o seem_v also_o dissatisfy_v with_o the_o jesuit_n but_o he_o be_v not_o a_o little_a mistake_v for_o prince_n casimir_n be_v the_o elder_a and_o king_n vladislaus_n his_o brother_n have_v recommend_v he_o by_o his_o will_n to_o the_o state_n the_o faction_n against_o he_o only_o retard_v his_o election_n for_o a_o few_o day_n the_o senate_n in_o that_o time_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o reconcile_v the_o two_o brother_n the_o 6_o of_o october_n begin_v the_o diet_n of_o election_n where_o almost_o all_o be_v unanimous_a and_o only_o study_v to_o hinder_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o cosack_n first_o john_n de_fw-fr torres_n archbishop_n of_o admit_v adrianople_n the_o pope_n nuncio_n the_o young_a marquis_n of_o grana_n ambassador_n from_o the_o emperor_n the_o count_n of_o arpajou_n ambassador_n extraordinary_n together_o with_o the_o viscount_n of_o bregi_n ambassador_n in_o ordinary_a from_o france_n recommend_v the_o interest_n of_o prince_n casimir_n whereupon_o the_o 29_o of_o the_o same_o month_n john_n tyskiewitz_n bishop_n of_o samogitia_n make_v a_o elegant_a harangue_n in_o his_o behalf_n allege_v the_o case_n of_o casimir_n the_o iid_n who_o have_v retire_v into_o the_o abbey_n of_o clunie_n but_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o exclude_v the_o throne_n the_o next_o day_n the_o minister_n of_o ragozzi_n prince_n of_o transylvania_n have_v audience_n who_o contrary_a to_o all_o expectation_n recommend_v prince_n casimir_n yet_o at_o the_o same_o time_n insinuate_v that_o if_o they_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o elect_v he_o his_o master_n who_o have_v always_o have_v so_o sincere_a affection_n for_o poland_n will_v glad_o be_v their_o prince_n the_o diet_n although_o they_o detest_v his_o flattery_n yet_o express_v themselves_o grateful_a to_o his_o master_n for_o the_o kindness_n he_o have_v profess_v the_o 3d_o of_o november_n prince_n ferdinand_n ambassador_n be_v introduce_v with_o the_o bishop_n of_o kiovia_n at_o their_o head_n the_o proffer_v these_o make_v be_v receive_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o indifference_n but_o when_o the_o bishop_n begin_v to_o speak_v with_o disrespect_n of_o prince_n casimir_n he_o be_v soon_o silence_v by_o a_o universal_a confusion_n of_o voice_n which_o seem_v all_o to_o be_v against_o he_o whereupon_o prince_n ferdinand_n send_v forthwith_o his_o excuse_n and_o public_o resign_v his_o pretension_n to_o his_o brother_n which_o prevail_v so_o far_o upon_o casimir_n that_o he_o grant_v he_o his_o friendship_n and_o moreover_o make_v he_o a_o present_a of_o the_o principality_n of_o oppolen_a and_o ratibor_n in_o silesia_n and_o likewise_o reimbursed_a the_o charge_n he_o have_v be_v at_o to_o oppose_v he_o in_o his_o election_n which_o generous_a usage_n so_o influence_v ferdinand_n that_o he_o express_v less_o joy_n for_o all_o these_o noble_a present_n than_o sorrow_n for_o have_v be_v concern_v against_o so_o deserve_v a_o brother_n elect_v the_o 17_o begin_v the_o election_n when_o all_o obstacle_n be_v remove_v casimir_n have_v be_v proclaim_v the_o same_o day_n if_o his_o ambassador_n have_v sign_v the_o article_n propose_v to_o they_o but_o nevertheless_o on_o the_o 20_o he_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o throne_n on_o the_o same_o condition_n with_o his_o father_n sigismond_n marriage_n he_o marry_v by_o the_o pope_n dispensation_n the_o queen-dowager_n mary_n ludovica_n his_o brother_n queen_n she_o be_v a_o french_a lady_n and_o meddle_v too_o much_o with_o affair_n of_o state_n perhaps_o with_o design_n to_o promote_v a_o successor_n of_o her_o own_o country_n be_v think_v to_o have_v contribute_v in_o great_a measure_n towards_o the_o trouble_n which_o war_n afterward_o ensue_v soon_o after_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n the_o cosack_n general_n chmielinski_n begin_v to_o put_v in_o practice_n his_o revenge_n whereupon_o call_v the_o tartar_n to_o his_o assistance_n he_o march_v at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o formidable_a army_n into_o poland_n where_o burn_v plunder_v and_o ravage_v wherever_o he_o come_v he_o do_v all_o the_o mischief_n he_o can_v defeat_v the_o polish_v army_n take_v the_o city_n of_o kiovia_n and_o afterward_o besiege_v leopol_n capital_a of_o russia_n with_o a_o army_n of_o near_o 300000_o man_n yet_o can_v never_o take_v it_o though_o its_o fortification_n be_v but_o very_o inconsiderable_a they_o nevertheless_o ravage_v the_o country_n all_o about_o it_o for_o many_o league_n together_o to_o revenge_v which_o affront_n the_o pole_n summon_v the_o seven_o man_n throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o march_v against_o the_o cosack_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o their_o king_n who_o have_v before_o refuse_v to_o head_n they_o but_o be_v again_o miserable_o beat_v nevertheless_o the_o king_n army_n at_o other_o time_n have_v considerable_a advantage_n over_o they_o for_o though_o they_o find_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o fight_v they_o yet_o they_o fatigue_v and_o weaken_v they_o so_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o call_v the_o muscovite_n likewise_o to_o help_v they_o forward_o with_o their_o intend_a work_n whilst_o some_o put_v themselves_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o muscovy_n other_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o port_n so_o irreconcilable_a be_v they_o ever_o to_o have_v any_o more_o to_o do_v with_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n and_o have_v be_v so_o ever_o since_o to_o their_o own_o
part_n of_o the_o body_n desire_v to_o know_v what_o be_v proper_o death_n the_o school_n divinity_n maintain_v that_o death_n be_v a_o separation_n of_o the_o rational_a soul_n from_o the_o body_n i_o own_a indeed_o that_o in_o death_n the_o soul_n be_v actual_o separate_v from_o the_o body_n but_o i_o can_v not_o allow_v that_o that_o separation_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o death_n but_o that_o the_o death_n of_o the_o body_n be_v the_o cessation_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o of_o the_o spirit_n which_o cessation_n can_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o soul_n since_o these_o dont_fw-fr at_o all_o depend_v upon_o it_o as_o i_o prove_v before_o but_o it_o be_v occasion_v by_o some_o defect_n in_o the_o organ_n and_o fluid_n of_o the_o body_n which_o lose_v their_o due_a disposition_n and_o their_o mutual_a correspondence_n with_o one_o another_o all_o their_o action_n cease_v which_o cessation_n be_v proper_o call_v death_n so_o that_o the_o soul_n find_v they_o incapable_a of_o receive_v its_o influence_n and_o of_o obey_v its_o command_n quit_v the_o body_n after_o it_o be_v dead_a by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v not_o proper_o the_o cause_n of_o death_n but_o that_o the_o death_n of_o the_o body_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o separation_n the_o king_n himself_o illustrate_v this_o opinion_n with_o a_o familiar_a example_n of_o a_o organ_n and_o a_o organist_n while_o the_o organ_n be_v in_o their_o due_a order_n and_o symmetry_n the_o organist_n play_v upon_o they_o but_o when_o by_o length_n of_o time_n they_o be_v either_o break_v use_v too_o much_o or_o any_o other_o way_n quite_o put_v out_o of_o tune_n he_o leave_v off_o play_v on_o they_o this_o discourse_n my_o lord_n hold_v from_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n till_o seven_o and_o the_o divine_n be_v extreme_o warm_a in_o it_o and_o some_o of_o they_o have_v the_o boldness_n to_o tell_v the_o king_n that_o his_o majesty_n shall_v not_o suffer_v such_o heretical_a opinion_n as_o they_o call_v they_o to_o be_v introduce_v before_o such_o a_o great_a assembly_n contrary_a to_o the_o receive_a doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n this_o discourse_n cause_v a_o great_a many_o other_o matter_n to_o be_v talk_v on_o of_o which_o it_o will_v be_v too_o long_o to_o inform_v your_o lordship_n by_o this_o you_o may_v plain_o see_v how_o fond_a the_o divine_n be_v of_o their_o old_a opinion_n rely_v upon_o the_o doctrine_n of_o aristotle_n who_o we_o can_v suppose_v to_o be_v so_o thorough_o acquaint_v with_o the_o structure_n spring_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o humane_a body_n nor_o indeed_o with_o all_o other_o natural_a cause_n as_o the_o modern_a physician_n be_v yet_o it_o be_v the_o policy_n of_o the_o divine_n not_o only_o in_o poland_n but_o in_o spain_n italy_n and_o in_o most_o other_o country_n where_o their_o power_n be_v very_o great_a not_o to_o let_v any_o opinion_n creep_v in_o among_o they_o that_o will_v seem_v to_o contradict_v those_o of_o aristotle_n for_o have_v build_v their_o system_n of_o divinity_n upon_o the_o principle_n of_o this_o pagan_a philosopher_n they_o be_v just_o afraid_a that_o if_o experience_n and_o reason_n shall_v shake_v the_o foundation_n the_o superstructure_n will_v fall_v to_o the_o ground_n as_o doubtless_o it_o will_v for_o the_o most_o part_n building_n this_o king_n build_v several_a fine_a house_n both_o in_o russia_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n particular_o three_o mile_n from_o warsaw_n a_o neat_a country_n house_n call_v villa_n nova_n very_o rich_o furnish_v he_o have_v have_v several_a natural_a child_n but_o take_v no_o care_n of_o any_o of_o they_o for_o it_o be_v not_o customary_a in_o poland_n to_o have_v that_o consideration_n for_o they_o as_o there_o be_v in_o other_o country_n but_o he_o leave_v vast_a riches_n to_o his_o lawful_a child_n and_o make_v a_o motion_n in_o the_o diet_n five_o child_n or_o six_o year_n before_o he_o die_v to_o settle_v the_o succession_n on_o one_o of_o they_o he_o tell_v the_o assembly_n of_o the_o disorder_n that_o usual_o happen_v in_o election_n after_o the_o king_n death_n that_o the_o turk_n and_o the_o tartar_n take_v then_o opportunity_n to_o make_v inroad_n into_o the_o country_n and_o ravage_v all_o before_o they_o that_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v general_o divide_v head_a by_o faction_n and_o biased_a by_o self-interest_n against_o the_o public_a good_a of_o their_o country_n and_o that_o he_o himself_o will_v be_v glad_a to_o prevent_v all_o those_o dangerous_a broil_n before_o he_o die_v out_o of_o the_o love_n he_o bear_v to_o his_o country_n and_o subject_n but_o the_o diet_n find_v that_o his_o private_a design_n be_v to_o get_v one_o of_o his_o son_n elect_v answer_v that_o they_o hope_v that_o his_o majesty_n will_v live_v yet_o a_o long_a while_n that_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o take_v a_o long_a time_n to_o consider_v of_o a_o matter_n of_o that_o great_a moment_n which_o the_o king_n see_v it_o be_v a_o civil_a way_n of_o refuse_v to_o enter_v upon_o that_o subject_a never_o after_o intimate_v any_o thing_n to_o they_o like_o it_o but_o take_v all_o possible_a care_n to_o enrich_v his_o child_n in_o case_n none_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v elect_v after_o his_o death_n it_o be_v exact_o compute_v to_o i_o that_o he_o lay_v up_o every_o year_n for_o above_o twenty_o year_n 100000_o l._n sterl_n which_o riches_n he_o leave_v partly_o in_o banker_n hand_n at_o dantzick_n hamburgh_n and_o amsterdam_n and_o put_v the_o rest_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o jew_n who_o be_v very_o numerous_a in_o that_o kingdom_n to_o trade_v with_o it_o beside_o he_o buy_v great_a territory_n in_o the_o kingdom_n though_o it_o be_v against_o the_o constitution_n so_o that_o his_o three_o son_n james_n alexander_n and_o constantino_n if_o they_o manage_v their_o affair_n right_a may_v be_v worth_a each_o above_o 50000_o l._n sterling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o it_o be_v the_o law_n in_o poland_n to_o divide_v equal_o the_o estate_n among_o the_o child_n poland_n the_o queen_n be_v but_o ten_o or_o twelve_o year_n of_o age_n when_o she_o together_o with_o the_o present_a duke_n of_o gordon'_v aunt_n afterward_o marry_v to_o count_n morstin_n great_a treasurer_n of_o poland_n come_v from_o france_n into_o this_o kingdom_n with_o ladislaus_n king_n of_o poland_n queen_n who_o make_v they_o both_o her_o maid_n of_o honour_n and_o take_v great_a care_n of_o mademoiselle_fw-fr d'_fw-fr arquien_v be_v very_o ingenious_a marriage_n and_o beautiful_a she_o get_v she_o marry_v first_o to_o prince_n zamoiski_n who_o soon_o leave_v she_o a_o widow_n with_o a_o jointure_n of_o about_o 2000_o l._n a_o year_n she_o be_v afterward_o marry_v in_o casimir_n reign_n to_o john_n sobieski_n than_o captain_n of_o the_o guard_n who_o be_v not_o very_o willing_a to_o marry_v she_o until_o the_o king_n promise_v that_o he_o will_v give_v he_o considerable_a place_n which_o he_o according_o do_v by_o the_o instigation_n of_o the_o queen_n for_o he_o make_v he_o great_a marshal_n and_o great_a general_n of_o poland_n which_o give_v he_o authority_n and_o interest_n enough_o to_o make_v himself_o afterward_o king_n and_o her_o queen_n so_o that_o this_o marriage_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o his_o rise_n in_o the_o world_n which_o he_o be_v so_o sensible_a of_o that_o he_o refuse_v to_o be_v divorce_v from_o she_o as_o the_o diet_n will_v have_v persuade_v he_o to_o do_v after_o his_o election_n qualification_n the_o queen_n be_v now_o about_o fifty_o four_o year_n of_o age_n though_o she_o appear_v not_o to_o be_v forty_o she_o go_v in_o the_o french_a dress_n as_o all_o the_o polish_v lady_n do_v she_o speak_v almost_o natural_o the_o polish_v tongue_n which_o with_o liar_n sweet_a temper_n refine_a sense_n and_o majestic_a air_n gain_v she_o such_o affection_n with_o the_o pole_n such_o influence_n over_o the_o king_n and_o such_o interest_n always_o in_o the_o diet_n that_o she_o manage_v all_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o prudence_n and_o that_o to_o the_o advantage_n of_o her_o native_a country_n france_n who_o interest_n she_o general_o espouse_v upon_o most_o occasion_n during_o the_o king_n life_n which_o be_v believe_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o he_o do_v not_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n with_o vigour_n these_o late_a year_n against_o the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n she_o maintain_v at_o her_o court_n her_o father_n cardinal_n de_fw-fr arquien_v and_o her_o brother_n count_n maligny_n who_o have_v but_o a_o very_a small_a estate_n of_o their_o own_o she_o have_v two_o sister_n one_o be_v the_o widow_n of_o the_o late_a count_n bethune_n who_o be_v ambassador_n from_o france_n in_o poland_n and_o afterward_o die_v in_o his_o embassy_n in_o
gules_a palatinate_n the_o second_o palatinate_n of_o great_a poland_n be_v that_o of_o kalisch_n in_o which_o be_v these_o city_n and_o town_n kalisch_n metropolis_n and_o castellany_n kolo_n land_n naklo_n odolanovia_n chocia_n stave_n cosmin_n dohra_n grabow_n opatovec_fw-fr and_o plesovia_n kalisch_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o all_o which_o be_v kalisch_n build_v among_o marsh_n upon_o the_o river_n prosna_n and_o fortify_v only_o with_o a_o brickwall_n and_o some_o low_a tower_n it_o have_v in_o it_o some_o religious_a house_n and_o a_o very_a magnificent_a college_n for_o jesuit_n found_v by_o stanislaw_n karncovius_n archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n here_o be_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o strong_a castle_n remain_v which_o have_v former_o be_v destroy_v by_o the_o teutonick_n knight_n kolo_n kolo_n a_o timber-built_a town_n wall_v with_o mud_n and_o dirt_n at_o certain_a time_n it_o be_v encompass_v and_o wash_v by_o the_o river_n wart_n near_o which_o it_o be_v build_v it_o be_v about_o eight_o mile_n from_o kalisch_n land_n land_n a_o town_n upon_o the_o wart_n about_o four_o mile_n from_o gnesna_n naklo_n naklo_n a_o timber_a town_n near_o the_o lake_n goplo_n with_o a_o wall_a castle_n situate_a among_o the_o marsh_n odolanovia_n odolanovia_n a_o town_n with_o a_o castle_n build_v likewise_o among_o the_o marsh_n chocia_n chocia_n in_o which_o andrew_n lipski_n bishop_n of_o cracow_n found_v a_o collegiate_n church_n with_o vast_a expense_n the_o other_o town_n of_o this_o palatinate_n be_v not_o very_o considerable_a and_o therefore_o be_v omit_v kalisch_n the_o senator_n of_o this_o palatinate_n be_v the_o palatin_n and_o castellan_n of_o kalisch_n the_o castellan_n of_o land_n naklo_n and_o kamin_n the_o standard_n and_o arm_n of_o this_o palatinate_n it_o be_v arms._n be_v a_o buffaloes_n head_n erase_v sables_n with_o a_o crown_n between_o his_o horn_n all_o in_o a_o checkey_z field_n argent_fw-fr and_o gules_a palatinate_n the_o three_o palatinate_n of_o great_a poland_n be_v that_o of_o siradia_n situate_v along_o the_o river_n varta_fw-la or_o wart_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o district_n viz._n the_o district_v of_o siradia_n schadkow_n radomsko_n and_o petricovia_n in_o all_o which_o be_v the_o several_a city_n and_o town_n of_o siradia_n cap._n rosprza_n spicemir_n petricovia_n konarzew_n wart_n lask_n vidavia_n and_o pabianice_n siradia_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o all_o which_o be_v siradia_n situate_v in_o a_o plain_a and_o fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a wall_n with_o a_o castle_n build_v on_o the_o wart_n subject_a to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o city_n be_v the_o follow_a city_n and_o to_n rosprza_n rosprza_n a_o timber_a town_n seat_v among_o the_o marsh_n spicimir_n spicimir_n a_o town_n build_v likewise_o with_o wood._n petricovia_n petricovia_n a_o wall_v city_n by_o no_o mean_n inconsiderable_a situate_a among_o rivulet_n and_o bog_n once_o a_o year_n one_o of_o the_o great_a tribunal_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v keep_v in_o the_o suburb_n of_o this_o city_n in_o one_o of_o the_o king_n palace_n not_o far_o off_o there_o be_v another_o palace_n of_o the_o king_n be_v call_v byki_n of_o a_o regular_a structure_n whither_o his_o majesty_n with_o his_o court_n sometime_o retire_v for_o his_o pleasure_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o tribuaal_n there_o be_v several_a other_o eminent_a edifice_n build_v about_o this_o city_n belong_v to_o bishop_n and_o other_o great_a man_n among_o which_o the_o most_o famous_a be_v the_o abbey_n of_o vitrovia_n and_o the_o palace_n of_o crusman_n after_o the_o italian_a manner_n konarzew_n konarzew_o a_o town_n of_o no_o great_a importance_n wart_n wart_z a_o large_a city_n build_v upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n lask_n lask_n where_o former_o johannes_n lascus_n archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n found_v a_o collegiate_n church_n and_o rich_o endow_v it_o at_o his_o own_o cost_v to_o this_o palatinate_n also_o belong_v the_o territory_n of_o vielunia_n vielunia_n which_o have_v a_o castellan_n and_o other_o magistrate_n of_o its_o own_o and_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n viz._n vielunia_n and_o ostresow_n both_o which_o contain_v some_o town_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o village_n vielunia_n the_o principal_a of_o the_o town_n be_v boleslaw_n which_o be_v defend_v with_o a_o very_a strong_a castle_n vielun_n environ_v with_o a_o high_a wall_n and_o a_o very_a deep_a ditch_n have_v likewise_o a_o castle_n on_o the_o river_n prosna_n its_o building_n be_v general_o of_o brick_n whereof_o there_o be_v several_a very_o stately_a ostresow_n a_o timber-built_a city_n on_o the_o border_n of_o silesia_n situate_v in_o a_o very_a large_a plain_n and_o encompass_v almost_o every_o way_n with_o wood_n in_o this_o palatinate_n the_o gentry_n former_o have_v a_o privilege_n of_o seal_v their_o letter_n with_o red_a wax_n which_o be_v only_o allow_v to_o the_o senator_n in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o which_o they_o obtain_v by_o recover_v the_o standard_n of_o the_o palatinate_n of_o lanschet_fw-mi after_o it_o have_v be_v lose_v to_o the_o prussian_n and_o teutonick_n knight_n siradia_n the_o senator_n of_o this_o palatinate_n be_v the_o palatin_n and_o castellan_n of_o siradia_n the_o castellan_n of_o rosprza_n spicimir_n and_o konarzew_a arms._n the_o standard_n and_o arm_n of_o this_o palatinate_n be_v in_o a_o field_n vert_fw-fr a_o lion_n gules_a and_o eagle_n sables_n both_o counter-couped_a in_o the_o middle_n vielunia_n the_o territory_n of_o vielunia_n have_v its_o own_o ensign_n which_o be_v a_o agnus_n dei_fw-la with_o a_o cross_n argent_fw-fr in_o a_o field_n guile_n palatinate_n the_o four_o palatinate_n of_o great_a poland_n be_v that_o of_o rava_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o district_n viz._n the_o district_v of_o rava_n sochaczow_n and_o gostinin_n in_o all_o which_o be_v the_o several_a city_n and_o town_n of_o rava_n cap._n lowitz_n volboria_n gombin_n sochaczow_n gostinin_n viasdum_fw-la and_o biala_n rava_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o this_o palatinate_n be_v rava_n situate_v in_o a_o plain_a build_v for_o the_o most_o part_n with_o wood_n and_o tolerable_o populous_a it_o have_v a_o castle_n on_o a_o small_a river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n in_o which_o prisoner_n of_o the_o best_a rank_n be_v keep_v the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o castle_n go_v towards_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o soldier_n the_o same_o constitution_n be_v in_o podolia_n where_o former_a king_n think_v fit_a to_o establish_v the_o best_a guard_n they_o can_v against_o the_o frequent_a incursion_n of_o the_o tartar_n in_o this_o city_n be_v a_o very_a considerable_a college_n of_o jesuit_n much_o visit_v by_o learned_a men._n lowitz_n lowitz_n a_o city_n much_o more_o populous_a than_o the_o former_a and_o about_o five_o mile_n distant_a from_o it_o it_o be_v famous_a for_o be_v sometime_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n or_o primate_n of_o poland_n his_o palace_n there_o be_v build_v among_o the_o marsh_n yet_o nevertheless_o consist_v of_o several_a fair_a pile_n of_o building_n the_o church_n also_o be_v a_o beautiful_a structure_n and_o enrich_v with_o several_a noble_a gift_n it_o have_v likewise_o a_o great_a many_o considerable_a monastery_n abbey_n etc._n etc._n in_o this_o city_n be_v divers_a famous_a fair_n keep_v which_o the_o gentry_n very_o much_o frequent_v from_o all_o part_n volboria_n volboria_n a_o town_n wherein_o the_o bishop_n of_o cujavia_n common_o reside_v and_o where_o he_o have_v a_o noble_a palace_n this_o place_n be_v also_o very_o populous_a gombin_n gombin_n a_o large_a timber-built_a town_n situate_v in_o a_o plain_n sochaczow_n sochaczow_n a_o place_n defend_v with_o palisades_n and_o a_o castle_n build_v on_o a_o rock_n which_o be_v wash_v by_o the_o river_n bsura_n gostinin_n gostinin_n a_o wooden_a city_n build_v in_o a_o plain_a among_o marsh_n this_o place_n be_v famous_a for_o have_v in_o it_o the_o prison_n where_o demetrius_n suski_n the_o czar_n of_o muscovy_n be_v keep_v for_o a_o long_a time_n and_o where_o he_o at_o length_n die_v viasdum_fw-la viasdum_fw-la remarkable_a for_o its_o strength_n and_o beauty_n of_o its_o castle_n and_o situate_v not_o far_o from_o rava_n on_o the_o lefthand_n biala_n biala_n a_o town_n belong_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o chelm_fw-ge this_o palatinate_n contain_v likewise_o a_o noble_a palace_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n call_v squernevicid_n rava_n the_o senator_n of_o this_o palatinate_n be_v the_o palatin_n and_o castellan_n of_o rava_n the_o castellan_n of_o sochaczow_n and_o gostinin_n arms._n the_o standard_n and_o arm_n of_o this_o palatinate_n be_v a_o eagle_n sables_n with_o the_o letter_n r_o on_o his_o breast_n in_o a_o field_n gules_a palatinate_n the_o five_o palatinate_n of_o great_a poland_n be_v that_o of_o lanschet_fw-mi divide_v likewise_o into_o three_o district_n viz._n the_o district_v of_o lanschet_fw-mi brezini_fw-la and_o orlow_n in_o all_o which_o the_o most_o considerable_a
i_o conceive_v the_o subject_a i_o have_v undertake_v to_o treat_v of_o in_o that_o book_n be_v nice_a as_o well_o as_o ungrateful_a wherein_o the_o principle_n of_o physic_n the_o experiment_n of_o chemistry_n and_o the_o anatomy_n of_o the_o humane_a body_n be_v philosophical_o make_v use_n of_o as_o a_o foundation_n to_o illustrate_v the_o metaphysical_a account_n i_o have_v give_v of_o these_o supernatural_a effect_n which_o perhaps_o make_v it_o not_o so_o much_o universal_o understand_v as_o i_o design_v however_o i_o be_o resolve_v not_o to_o meddle_v any_o more_o with_o matter_n of_o this_o kind_n but_o to_o apply_v myself_o entire_o to_o the_o practice_n of_o physic_n i_o be_o london_n the_o 21_o st_z of_o january_n 1697_o 8._o worthy_a sir_n your_o oblige_a friend_n and_o humble_a servant_n b._n c._n finis_fw-la origin_n of_o poland_n poland_n pomp._n mela_n lib._n i._o de_fw-la situ_fw-la orbis_n cap._n 3._o &_o lib._n iii_o â—â—ap_n 4._o 4._o albinus_n tit_n 6._o pag._n 70_o etc._n etc._n etc._n adam_n â—â—remensâ—â—s_fw-la seculi_fw-la 9_o scriptor_n in_o lib._n i._n hist_o ecclesiast_n cap._n 10_o etc._n etc._n etc._n guagnini_n rerum_fw-la polon_n p._n 50._o whence_o so_o call_v and_o what_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n inhabitant_n lib._n i._o cap._n 2._o pag._n 21._o 21._o hornii_n arca-noae_n &_o pet._n lucari_n in_o annal._n â—â—agusâ—â—is_fw-la found_v by_o lechus_n lechus_n lechus_n lechus_n lechus_n lechus_n guagnini_n rerum_fw-la polon_n p._n 51._o what_o law_n law_n herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n senat._n polon_n in_o chronico_fw-la p._n 2._o the_o first_o city_n city_n id._n ibid._n second_o city_n policy_n of_o poland_n policy_n of_o its_o king_n number_n of_o prince_n prince_n hartknoch_n respub_fw-la polon_n p._n 22._o the_o first_o king_n four_o class_n of_o king_n lechus_n 550._o 550._o kadlubkon_v in_o praefat._n p._n 8._o gnesna_n and_o posnan_n build_v visimirus_n visimirus_n guagnini_n rerum_fw-la polon_n p._n 52._o his_o conquesis_n his_o death_n twelve_o woievod_n depose_v cracus_n 700._o 700._o vide_fw-la bohusl_n balbinum_fw-la lib._n 1._o hist_o bohem._n cap._n 10._o p._n 82_o etc._n etc._n cracow_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d guagnini_n rerum_fw-la polon_n p._n 55._o his_o death_n his_o issue_n lechus_n ii_o his_o banishment_n and_o death_n vendâ—â—_n 750._o 750._o micralius_n lib._n 2._o chron._n pomeran_n num_fw-la 22._o p._n 161._o her_o death_n twelve_o woievod_n depose_v lescus_n i._n 750._o how_o he_o come_v to_o be_v elect_v by_o a_o stratagem_n his_o reign_n and_o death_n uncertain_a election_n by_o horse-race_n a_o stratagem_n defeat_v lescus_n ii_o 776._o a_o commendable_a example_n his_o death_n lescus_n iii_o 804._o his_o death_n uncertain_a popiel_n i._n 810._o his_o vice_n his_o death_n death_n herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n p._n 11._o popiel_n ii_o 815._o a_o curse_a stratagem_n judgement_n upon_o popiel_n by_o rat_n rat_n hartknoch_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o p._n 38._o piastus_n 830._o 830._o guagnini_n rerum_fw-la polon_n p._n 64._o herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 1._o p._n 13._o &_o hartknoch_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o p._n 68_o etc._n etc._n cause_o of_o his_o election_n his_o virtue_n his_o death_n death_n hartknock_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o p._n 74._o ziemovitus_fw-la 861._o his_o war_n war_n herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 1._o p._n 15._o his_o character_n character_n florus_n polon_n cap._n 12._o p._n 22._o his_o death_n lescus_n iu._n 892._o his_o character_n his_o death_n ziemovistus_n 913._o his_o character_n his_o death_n miecislaus_fw-la i._n 964._o how_o the_o pole_n become_v christian_n his_o christian_a wife_n wife_n cromerus_fw-la lib._n 3._o p._n 43._o hartknoch_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o p._n 70._o herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 2._o p._n 19_o his_o war_n boleslaus_n chrobry_n 999._o 999._o dubravius_n lib._n 6._o hist_o bohem._n p._n 49._o &_o albert._n cranzius_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 36._o kadlubkon_v lib._n 2._o chron._n epist_n xi_o p._n 130._o create_v first_o king_n 1005._o 1005._o herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 2._o p._n 22._o his_o war_n twelve_o senator_n assistant_n assistant_n hartknoch_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o p._n 71._o his_o character_n his_o death_n miecislaus_fw-la ii_o 1025._o his_o war_n his_o character_n his_o death_n casimir_n i._o 10â—â—4_n queen_n regent_z regent_z hartknoch_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o p._n 71._o casimir_n recall_v his_o marriage_n his_o war_n war_n herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n â—â—_o p._n 34._o his_o death_n and_o issue_n boleslaus_n ii_o 1059._o his_o war_n his_o marriage_n marriage_n hartknoch_n lib._n 〈◊〉_d cap._n 2._o p._n 73._o his_o vice_n his_o flight_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n his_o death_n patron_n of_o poland_n title_n of_o k_o ceases_z ceases_z hartknoch_n lib._n i._o cap._n 2._o p._n 40._o uladislaus_n i._n 1082._o 1082._o herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 4._o p._n 45._o his_o war_n his_o marriage_n his_o death_n boleslaus_n iii_o 1103._o his_o war_n war_n herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 4._o p._n 60._o 60._o herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 4._o p._n 55._o his_o marriage_n marriage_n hartknoch_n lib._n â—â—_o cap._n 2._o p._n 74._o his_o valour_n and_o success_n his_o death_n and_o issue_n issue_n herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 4._o p._n 72._o his_o character_n uladislaus_n 11._o 1140._o persecute_v his_o brother_n brother_n florus_n polon_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 7._o p._n 73._o a_o severe_a revenge_n his_o flight_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n his_o death_n boleslaus_n iu._n 1146._o his_o war_n war_n florus_n polon_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 8._o p._n 78._o his_o death_n miecislaus_fw-la iii_o 1174._o a_o bad_a policy_n policy_n ib._n p._n 80._o &_o herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 5._o c._n 9_o p._n 88_o dethrone_v casimir_n ii_o 1178._o 1178._o hartknoch_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o p._n 75._o florus_n polon_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 9_o p._n 82._o a_o commendable_a example_n miecislaus_fw-la endeavour_n to_o be_v restore_v submit_v dantzic_n make_v a_o city_n city_n florus_n polon_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 10._o p._n 85._o his_o death_n and_o issue_n lescus_n v._n 1195._o under_o guardian_n his_o war_n dethrone_v miecislaus_fw-la iii_o restore_v 1199._o 1199._o herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 6._o p._n 99_o dethrone_v lescus_n v._o restore_v miecislaus_fw-la reinthron_v 1202._o his_o death_n death_n hartknoch_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o p._n 75_o 76._o herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 6._o p._n 102_o 103._o uladislaus_n lasconogus_n 1203._o surrenders_n his_o crown_n lescus_n v._n re-establish_v 1206._o 1206._o guagnini_n p._n 92._o murder_v in_o a_o bath_n bath_n florus_n polon_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 2._o p._n 94._o &_o herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n p._n 111._o teutonic_n knight_n call_v into_o poland_n bloeslaus_n v._n 1228._o his_o marriage_n inâ—â—ad_v of_o tartar_n tartar_n ib._n p._n 96._o &_o herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n p._n 116._o his_o trouble_n trouble_n hartknoch_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o p._n 76._o herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 7._o p._n 119._o retire_v into_o hungary_n return_v his_o trouble_n and_o war_n war_n florus_n polon_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 13._o p._n 103._o koningsberg_n build_v his_o death_n lescus_n vi_o 1279._o his_o war_n city_n of_o leopol_n whence_o so_o call_v call_v herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 8._o p._n 136._o a_o insurrection_n he_o retire_v into_o hungary_n return_v with_o success_n his_o death_n henry_n 1._o 1290._o premislus_n 1296._o title_n of_o king_n restore_v restore_v hartknoch_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 2._o p._n 40._o murder_v murder_v florus_n polon_n lib._n 2_o cap._n 15._o p._n 113._o guagnini_n tom._n 1._o p._n 97._o uladislaus_n iii_o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o 1296._o hartknoch_n p._n 77._o his_o war_n his_o vice_n dethrone_v winceslaus_fw-la k._n of_o bohemia_n 1300._o false_a policy_n his_o war_n war_n florus_n polon_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 17._o p._n 118._o his_o death_n death_n herburt_n de_fw-fr fulstin_n lib._n 9_o p._n 147._o uladislaus_n iv._o restore_v 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o 1305._o ib._n p._n 148._o &_o florus_n polon_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 18._o p._n 119._o meet_v with_o difficulty_n teutonic_n knight_n establish_v in_o prussia_n prussia_n ib._n p._n 120._o city_n of_o marienburg_n when_o build_v teutonic_n order_n troublesome_a to_o the_o pole_n pole_n florus_n polon_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 18._o p._n 123._o and_o therefore_o excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n locticus_n his_o speech_n to_o his_o army_n overthrow_v the_o teuronic_a order_n order_n florus_n polon_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 18._o p._n 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o 131._o
crown_v and_o that_o the_o king_n his_o uncle_n send_v he_o the_o character_n of_o envoy_n to_o compliment_v he_o upon_o his_o accession_n to_o the_o throne_n he_o use_v to_o admire_v the_o government_n of_o england_n and_o to_o say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o best_a in_o europe_n except_o that_o of_o his_o own_o country_n and_o the_o chief_a reason_n he_o give_v i_o why_o he_o prefer_v the_o constitution_n of_o poland_n be_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v a_o power_n of_o turn_v people_n out_o of_o employment_n and_o the_o common_a people_n have_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o law_n and_o can_v buy_v estate_n as_o well_o as_o the_o great_a nobleman_n this_o prince_n show_v i_o a_o old_a roman_a scimitar_n which_o his_o father_n bring_v from_o jerusalem_n and_o tell_v i_o it_o be_v that_o with_o which_o st._n peter_n cut_v off_o malcus_n ear_n which_o a_o great_a many_o have_v either_o faith_n or_o superstition_n enough_o to_o believe_v and_o pay_v it_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o 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outward_a which_o have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o prevent_v their_o progress_n and_o to_o discuss_v they_o when_o these_o tumour_n be_v press_v with_o one_o finger_n they_o do_v not_o pit_n for_o they_o be_v almost_o as_o hard_o as_o iron_n and_o as_o heavy_a as_o lead_v when_o his_o majesty_n walk_v he_o imagine_v he_o have_v a_o great_a weight_n tie_v to_o his_o leg_n the_o hardness_n of_o these_o tumor_n can_v be_v soften_v nevertheless_o when_o the_o swell_a part_n be_v rub_v a_o little_a with_o a_o hot_a cloth_n they_o seem_v immediate_o to_o be_v abate_v and_o ease_v but_o soon_o after_o they_o return_v to_o their_o former_a condition_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o swell_n be_v not_o pale_a but_o red_a something_o incline_v to_o purple_a death_n a_o week_n after_o i_o receive_v this_o letter_n news_n come_v that_o this_o prince_n be_v dead_a as_o i_o can_v not_o but_o reasonable_o expect_v he_o will_v be_v labour_v under_o so_o rare_a and_o dangerous_a a_o disease_n be_v a_o 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