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kingdom_n death_n great_a time_n 2,228 5 3.0827 3 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A63456 Taxes no charge in a letter from a gentleman, to a person of quality, shewing the nature, use, and benefit of taxes in this kingdom, and compared with the impositions of foreign states : together with their improvement of trade in time of war. Defoe, Daniel, 1661?-1731. 1690 (1690) Wing T258; ESTC R18037 23,116 38

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own_o province_n that_o i_o dare_v not_o intrude_v into_o that_o sacred_a one_o of_o divinity_n but_o think_v it_o allowable_a to_o take_v any_o choice_n of_o opinion_n in_o this_o matter_n and_o with_o those_o i_o join_v that_o think_v no_o error_n in_o fundamental_o shall_v be_v allow_v in_o a_o christian_a church_n nor_o any_o difference_n in_o circumstantial_o purchase_v by_o money_n five_o monopoly_n be_v a_o ill_a way_n of_o raise_v money_n for_o any_o set_v of_o people_n to_o have_v the_o particular_a sell_v of_o any_o commodity_n or_o use_v any_o art_n though_o they_o pay_v a_o great_a rent_n to_o the_o government_n be_v yet_o a_o great_a prejudice_n and_o tax_n to_o the_o people_n where_o no_o industry_n shall_v be_v restrain_v yet_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n against_o they_o that_o think_v the_o turkey_n hamborough_n ●ast-india_n and_o other_o company_n for_o foreign_a trade_n a_o monopoly_n the_o ca●e_n be_v vast_o differ_v and_o so_o far_o from_o hinder_v a_o public_a good_a 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their_o bag_n be_v no_o thorough-fair_a only_o a_o way_n in_o but_o none_o out_o these_o man_n be_v by_o tax_n make_v against_o their_o will_n small_a benefactor_n to_o their_o country_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o our_o great_a and_o wise_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n will_v yet_o pursue_v they_o far_o and_o lay_v a_o double_a imposition_n upon_o money_n lock_v up_o in_o chest_n more_o than_o what_o be_v out_o at_o usury_n which_o be_v employ_v be_v on_o the_o duty_n it_o be_v make_v for_o but_o the_o other_o be_v in_o captivity_n and_o the_o paltroon_n shall_v be_v punish_v for_o his_o cruelty_n six_o tax_n especial_o in_o time_n of_o war_n be_v the_o only_a preservation_n of_o all_o man_n employ_v in_o trade_n and_o manufactory_n and_o perhaps_o not_o much_o inferior_a to_o foreign_a trade_n if_o in_o all_o respect_v consider_v for_o as_o to_o what_o be_v spend_v in_o the_o kingdom_n if_o it_o bring_v nothing_o in_o yet_o it_o carry_v nothing_o out_o and_o so_o far_o tax_n be_v profitable_a in_o that_o the_o kingdom_n be_v not_o the_o poor_a for_o money_n so_o raise_v and_o so_o spend_v and_o in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o prohibition_n of_o trade_n abroad_o if_o money_n be_v not_o raise_v by_o tax_n and_o that_o employ_v among_o our_o mechanic_n and_o manufactory_n man_n will_v be_v force_v to_o seek_v their_o bread_n abroad_o and_o the_o loss_n of_o man_n be_v the_o great_a misfortune_n that_o can_v befall_v a●_n kingdom_n the_o practice_n of_o the_o dutch_a in_o burn_v their_o spice_n when_o they_o have_v such_o quantity_n as_o will_v lower_v the_o price_n may_v be_v something_o of_o direction_n in_o this_o case_n and_o seem_v a_o better_a government_n to_o employ_v all_o our_o hand_n in_o time_n of_o war_n as_o full_o in_o their_o manufactory_n as_o ever_o they_o be_v in_o a_o free_a trade_n though_o when_o they_o be_v make_v they_o be_v burn_v it_o be_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n to_o discontinue_v trade_n there_o be_v no_o adjourn_v labour_n and_o mechanical_a art_n in_o a_o few_o month_n will_v either_o lose_v the_o man_n or_o they_o their_o trade_n by_o some_o other_o course_n of_o life_n seven_o that_o tax_n make_v the_o kingdom_n rich_a and_o in_o time_n of_o war_n disperse_v as_o much_o money_n in_o the_o nation_n as_o trade_n do_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n here_o i_o must_v touch_v again_o upon_o trade_n and_o inquire_v what_o trade_n bring_v we_o in_o bullion_n gold_n or_o coin_n for_o we_o have_v some_o of_o all_o though_o consider_v the_o value_n of_o our_o native_a commodity_n it_o be_v wonderful_a that_o we_o shall_v have_v so_o little_a and_o that_o of_o those_o numerous_a trade_n which_o our_o navigation_n entitle_v we_o to_o that_o we_o shall_v by_o
tax_n no_o charge_n in_o a_o letter_n from_o a_o gentleman_n to_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n show_v the_o nature_n use_v and_o benefit_n of_o tax_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o compare_v with_o the_o imposition_n of_o foreign_a state_n together_o with_o their_o improvement_n of_o trade_n in_o time_n of_o war_n license_v nou._n 11._o 1689._o london_n print_v for_o r._n chiswell_n at_o the_o rose_n and_o crown_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n mdcxc_o the_o preface_n to_o the_o reader_n upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o the_o follow_a letter_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o tax_n and_o levy_v of_o money_n upon_o the_o subject_a i_o immediate_o resolve_v to_o commit_v it_o to_o the_o press_n as_o conceive_v that_o it_o may_v be_v instrumental_a towards_o the_o removal_n of_o that_o popular_a argument_n which_o the_o mal-content_n of_o the_o age_n be_v so_o industrious_a to_o instil_v into_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o common_a sort_n viz._n that_o frequent_a tax_n be_v a_o insupportable_a grievance_n and_o oppression_n to_o the_o nation_n and_o this_o by_o so_o much_o they_o the_o more_o successful_o propagate_v by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n among_o the_o populace_n and_o such_o as_o either_o for_o want_v of_o part_n or_o not_o accustom_v to_o serious_a reflection_n have_v not_o thorough_o consider_v this_o affair_n whence_o it_o be_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o this_o vulgar_a error_n have_v obtain_v so_o general_a a_o consent_n and_o approbation_n that_o it_o need_v not_o to_o be_v much_o inculcate_v this_o the_o disaffect_v party_n to_o the_o present_a government_n be_v sufficient_o sensible_a of_o and_o therefore_o be_v not_o unactive_a in_o the_o establishment_n of_o a_o untruth_n which_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o make_v a_o deep_a impression_n upon_o such_o who_o bias_v and_o prejudicate_a sentiment_n render_v they_o fit_a object_n of_o their_o design_n sed_fw-la dato_fw-la &_o non_fw-la concesso_fw-la allow_v but_o not_o grant_v that_o tax_n be_v real_o a_o burden_n to_o the_o nation_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o è_fw-la malis_fw-la minimum_fw-la of_o two_o evil_n the_o least_o be_v to_o be_v choose_v it_o will_v thence_o follow_v that_o it_o be_v better_a for_o the_o kingdom_n to_o have_v purchase_v its_o redemption_n from_o popery_n and_o arbitrary_a power_n though_o at_o the_o price_n of_o some_o part_n of_o the_o estate_n and_o fortune_n of_o the_o subject_a rather_o than_o to_o have_v lose_v all_o at_o one_o throw_v by_o a_o tyrannical_a invasion_n upon_o their_o religion_n law_n and_o liberty_n i_o presume_v that_o even_o some_o of_o those_o busy_a agent_n who_o sow_v these_o seed_n of_o discord_n and_o division_n among_o we_o will_v have_v be_v content_a to_o have_v buy_v their_o safety_n almost_o at_o any_o rate_n while_o the_o storm_n be_v imminent_a and_o now_o that_o it_o be_v happy_o blow_v over_o and_o nothing_o appear_v at_o present_a but_o a_o s●rene_a sky_n and_o fair_a wether_n why_o shall_v they_o either_o endeavour_v a_o reduction_n both_o of_o themselves_o and_o other_o to_o their_o former_a danger_n to_o which_o their_o turbulent_a device_n do_v immediate_o tend_v or_o strive_v to_o create_v unreasonable_a dissatisfaction_n against_o so_o just_a a_o expedient_a as_o each_o one_o discharge_v a_o few_o penny_n for_o a_o insurance_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o quiet_a settlement_n of_o the_o nation_n it_o be_v sure_o very_o unaccountable_a that_o those_o man_n who_o discover_v so_o great_a a_o alacrity_n and_o forwardness_n in_o oppose_v of_o popish_a tyranny_n and_o arbitrary_a power_n shall_v now_o endeavour_v to_o enslave_v we_o under_o the_o same_o uneasy_a yoke_n but_o with_o this_o additional_a aggravation_n to_o our_o former_a servitude_n that_o whereas_o we_o be_v then_o allow_v some_o we_o must_v now_o make_v brick_n without_o straw_n this_o seem_v so_o wild_a a_o notion_n of_o obedience_n the_o result_n of_o the_o passive_a doctrine_n and_o that_o the_o chief_a wheel_n in_o that_o unaccountable_a engine_n of_o absolute_a sovereignty_n as_o be_v destructive_a of_o all_o government_n inasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v utter_o irreconcilable_a with_o the_o preservation_n and_o com●●n_a interest_n of_o humane_a society_n but_o these_o murmur_a seditious_a spirit_n after_o shameful_o retract_v from_o their_o early_a officiousness_n in_o their_o encouragement_n of_o the_o late_a expedition_n of_o the_o then_o prince_n of_o orange_n be_v not_o content_a with_o a_o complete_a enjoyment_n of_o their_o property_n under_o the_o even_a steerage_n of_o this_o great_a and_o skilful_a pilot_n who_o so_o just_o manage_n the_o helm_n of_o the_o present_a government_n as_o not_o to_o invade_v the_o right_n of_o any_o man_n nor_o yet_o to_o retain_v their_o particular_a sentiment_n within_o their_o own_o breast_n but_o they_o must_v needs_o vent_v and_o divulge_v they_o to_o other_o by_o which_o t●ey_n become_v the_o public_a incendiary_n of_o the_o nation_n but_o as_o i_o can_v enough_o admire_v both_o the_o folly_n and_o ingratitude_n of_o these_o man_n who_o strive_v to_o disseminate_v so_o poisonous_a a_o contagion_n so_o have_v i_o not_o room_n leave_v for_o wonder_n and_o surprise_v to_o observe_v divers_a innocent_a well-meaning_a person_n so_o unwary_o catch_v and_o infect_v by_o it_o when_o not_o many_o month_n ago_o their_o life_n religion_n liberty_n all_o that_o be_v dear_a or_o acceptable_a unto_o they_o lay_v apparent_o at_o stake_n for_o which_o i_o pray_v do_v they_o account_v the_o more_o advantageous_a whether_o their_o property_n to_o be_v infringe_v their_o religion_n violate_v their_o law_n subvert_v their_o estate_n confiscate_v and_o they_o with_o their_o wife_n child_n and_o relation_n to_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o fiery_a trial_n or_o to_o be_v seasonable_o free_v from_o these_o amaze_a terror_n ready_a to_o overwhelm_v they_o in_o a_o full_a carrere_fw-la when_o they_o receive_v a_o signal_n and_o miraculous_a as_o well_o as_o a_o gracious_a deliverance_n and_o that_o as_o much_o above_o their_o hope_n as_o it_o have_v since_o appear_v to_o be_v beyond_o their_o desert_n what_o will_v not_o every_o honest_a man_n or_o good_a christian_n have_v give_v at_o that_o time_n to_o have_v have_v that_o security_n under_o his_o own_o vine_n and_o under_o his_o own_o fig_n tree_n the_o liberty_n of_o his_o religion_n the_o full_a enjoyment_n of_o his_o property_n and_o a_o equal_a and_o just_a administration_n of_o the_o law_n which_o he_o now_o enjoy_v under_o the_o benign_a influence_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o present_a government_n and_o then_o with_o what_o face_n can_v he_o deny_v to_o contribute_v his_o respective_a share_n and_o proportion_n not_o only_o to_o the_o assure_v of_o his_o own_o particular_a right_n but_o also_o that_o of_o the_o general_a interest_n together_o with_o what_o be_v infinite_o preserable_a to_o either_o the_o protestant_a religion_n in_o the_o three_o kingdom_n all_o this_o and_o much_o more_o which_o may_v be_v offer_v and_o insist_v upon_o be_v not_o prolixity_n improper_a in_o a_o preface_n especial_o to_o so_o small_a a_o discourse_n as_o be_v that_o of_o the_o follow_a letter_n seem_v exceed_v reasonable_a upon_o the_o former_a hypothesis_n if_o tax_n be_v real_o a_o burden_n and_o oppression_n to_o the_o nation_n which_o the_o follow_a sheet_n do_v abundant_o evince_v that_o they_o be_v not_o by_o show_v that_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o diminution_n of_o that_o they_o real_o add_v to_o the_o trade_n and_o riches_n of_o a_o state_n this_o the_o auth●r_n have_v full_o prove_v from_o the_o opulent_a condition_n of_o those_o country_n where_o tax_n be_v most_o numerous_a and_o after_o several_a copious_a parallel_n instance_n derive_v from_o foreign_a monarchy_n and_o republic_n show_v their_o great_a advancement_n by_o tax●s_n and_o frequent_a levy_n upon_o the_o subject_a he_o undertake_v to_o demonstrate_v the_o practicableness_n as_o well_o as_o equal_a advantage_n of_o the_o same_o to_o these_o kingdom_n this_o i_o think_v to_o be_v of_o such_o seasonable_a and_o public_a importance_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o present_a state_n of_o affair_n as_o well_o in_o order_n to_o the_o rectify_v the_o afore_o mention_v general_a prejudice_n and_o mistake_v as_o to_o silence_v of_o all_o intemperate_a and_o unreasonable_a murmurer_n against_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o grand_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o the_o method_n take_v for_o a_o supply_n of_o the_o naval_a and_o land-force_n that_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o usher_v it_o into_o public_a view_n as_o consider_v that_o if_o these_o man_n who_o most_o inveigh_v against_o tax_n can_v be_v bring_v to_o believe_v that_o they_o natural_o tend_v to_o the_o advantage_n and_o interest_n of_o the_o state_n and_o do_v real_o conduce_v to_o the_o enrich_n and_o improvement_n of_o it_o they_o must_v needs_o cease_v from_o their_o seditious_a clamour_n against_o and_o satirical_a reflection_n upon_o the_o
government_n in_o this_o respect_n and_o that_o this_o will_v not_o be_v the_o sole_a advantage_n which_o will_v accrue_v from_o the_o clear_n up_o of_o this_o mistake_n but_o that_o all_o honest_a and_o good_a man_n will_v join_v more_o cordial_o than_o ever_o in_o their_o unanimous_a and_o cheerful_a contribution_n to_o its_o support_n when_o they_o be_v make_v sensible_a that_o not_o only_o the_o common_a duty_n of_o subject_n that_o indispensable_a obligation_n of_o a_o perpetual_a gratitude_n which_o they_o owe_v to_o their_o deliverer_n and_o the_o natural_a instinct_n of_o self-preservation_n ought_v to_o quicken_v and_o excite_v they_o thereunto_o but_o beside_o all_o this_o that_o they_o be_v real_o gainer_n by_o this_o co●rse_n and_o consequent_o what_o they_o expend_v upon_o that_o account_n do_v after_o a_o due_a circulation_n return_v to_o they_o with_o a_o considerable_a improvement_n and_o augmentation_n the_o content_n the_o manner_n and_o use_n of_o tax_n among_o the_o ancient_a roman_n page_z 1_o 2_o numerous_a tax_n a_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n p._n 3_o and_o to_o the_o unite_a province_n ibid._n the_o contrary_a show_v to_o be_v a_o great_a occasion_n of_o poverty_n both_o in_o the_o empire_n and_o spain_n p._n 4_o portugal_n exceed_v they_o in_o tax_n a_o occasion_n of_o its_o great_a riches_n than_o either_o ibid._n the_o present_a state_n of_o france_n represent_v as_o to_o this_o particular_a p._n 4_o 5_o the_o method_n of_o impose_v tax_n in_o germany_n spa●n_n france_n mo●covy_n florence_n swe●eland_n poland_n denmark_n and_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n compare_v with_o that_o of_o england_n etc._n etc._n p._n 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o 9_o the_o use_n and_o employment_n of_o tax_n in_o other_o kingdom_n show_v to_o be_v different_a from_o those_o in_o this_o p._n 9_o tax_n prove_v no_o charge_n but_o a_o gain_n both_o to_o the_o public_a and_o private_a interest_n from_o seven_o particular_n p._n 10_o i._n from_o the_o person_n who_o pay_v the_o great_a share_n of_o they_o ibid._n ii_o from_o their_o use_n and_o circulation_n p._n 11_o iii_o from_o their_o improvement_n of_o trade_n and_o therein_o a_o description_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o trade_n p._n 11_o 12_o iu._n fro●_n the_o poors_z be_v employ_v by_o they_o p._n 13_o 14_o v._o from_o their_o make_v man_n of_o no_o use_n in_o the_o kingdom_n profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n p._n 15_o vi_o from_o the●_n usefulness_n in_o time_n of_o war_n for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o t●ade_n and_o manufactory_n within_o the_o kingdom_n p._n 16_o vii_o from_o their_o disperse_v as_o much_o treasure_n in_o the_o nation_n in_o time_n of_o war_n as_o t●ade_v d●es_n in_o peace_n p._n 16_o 17_o a_o late_a paper_n confute_v entitle_v proposals_n humble_o offer_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n etc._n etc._n p._n 20_o of_o tax_n uneasy_a t●_n the_o subject_a ibid._n 1._o such_o as_o be_v levy_v by_o way_n of_o fee_n in_o office_n ibid._n 2._o by_o poll_n mony_n p._n 21_o 3._o benevolence_n p._n 22_o 4._o such_o as_o be_v impose_v for_o liberty_n in_o religion_n p._n 23_o 5._o monopoly_n p._n 23_o 6._o alteration_n in_o the_o value_n of_o mony_n p._n 24_o 7._o raise_v money_n from_o traveller_n as_o in_o holland_n etc._n etc._n ibid._n of_o tax_n account_v most_o adviseable_a in_o other_o kingdom_n p._n 25_o 1._o excise_n ibid._n 2._o imposition_n on_o the_o jew_n p._n 26_o 3._o on_o playhouse_n etc._n etc._n ibid._n 4._o a_o tax_n of_o labour_n upon_o such_o malefactor_n as_o we_o punish_v with_o death_n the_o reasonableness_n of_o this_o and_o the_o severity_n and_o unprofitableness_n of_o our_o own_o law_n in_o this_o respect_n p._n 26_o 27_o 28_o tax_n no_o charge_n in_o a_o letter_n from_o a_o gentleman_n to_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n worthy_a sir_n pursuant_n to_o my_o promise_n at_o our_o late_a conference_n i_o here_o present_v you_o with_o a_o short_a essay_n concern_v tax_n which_o i_o su●mit_v to_o your_o private_a censure_n and_o sh●ll_a 〈◊〉_d limit_v you_o from_o send_v it_o to_o the_o press_n if_o in_o your_o opinion_n it_o may_v prove_v serviceable_a to_o the_o public_a that_o tribute_n or_o as_o we_o now_o ca●l_v it_o custom_n tax_n &_o ●_o be_v original_o a_o mark_n of_o servitude_n be_v evidence_v by_o the_o interrogatory_n of_o a_o infa●ible_a author_n of_o who_o do_v the_o prince_n of_o t●e_v earth_n take_v tribute_n but_o as_o government_n become_v more_o humane_a the_o savage_a exaction_n upon_o stranger_n be_v less_o rigid_a and_o the_o roman_n who_o be_v then_o master_n of_o civil_a government_n in_o the_o world_n sound_v it_o conduce_v to_o the_o establishment_n of_o that_o overgrow_a and_o prodigious_a empire_n to_o mak●_n every_o part_n of_o their_o 〈◊〉_d easy_a to_o the_o people_n and_o that_o in_o point_n of_o tax_n they_o shall_v be_v universal_o equal_a which_o seem_v to_o be_v confirm_v by_o that_o of_o august●s_n when_o he_o order_v all_o the_o world_n to_o be_v tax_v wherein_o we_o 〈◊〉_d no_o exemption_n of_o a_o 〈◊〉_d above_o oteley_n they_o be_v indeed_o invest_v in_o divers_a 〈◊〉_d privilege_n but_o in_o 〈…〉_z tax_n we_o find_v the_o wisdom_n of_o that_o empire_n to_o make_v a_o distinction_n from_o any_o that_o be_v under_o their_o conquest_n and_o government_n in_o imitation_n of_o who_o equal_a and_o prudent_a conduct_n all_o succee_a government_n have_v be_v guide_v in_o temper_v of_o th●ir_a ●_z and_o not_o as_o in_o the_o first_o age_n make_v both_o person_n and_o estate_n the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o victory_n by_o this_o mean_n civility_n law_n and_o christianity_n have_v be_v propagate_v in_o the_o world_n with_o that_o advantageous_a success_n to_o which_o they_o can_v never_o have_v attain_v if_o conquest_n have_v be_v pursue_v and_o employ_v as_o in_o former_a age_n in_o all_o the_o inhuman_a act_n of_o slavery_n violence_n and_o rapine_n the_o roman_n be_v the_o first_o we_o read_v of_o that_o regular_o pay_v their_o army_n before_o they_o the_o barbarian_n may_v sometime_o divide_v the_o spoil_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o other_o savage_a way_n they_o have_v to_o satisfy_v their_o herd_n of_o man_n but_o no_o exact_a payment_n be_v in_o use_n until_o the_o roman_n and_o for_o the_o maintenance_n and_o encouragement_n of_o so_o good_a a_o government_n they_o impose_v tax_n that_o so_o in_o interval_n of_o peace_n their_o army_n may_v not_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o commit_v the_o like_a ravage_v they_o do_v in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o public_a hostility_n they_o soon_o become_v artist_n in_o tax_v the_o people_n invent_v way_n to_o bring_v in_o mony_n that_o of_o augustus_n caesar_n in_o tax_v the_o whole_a empire_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o poll_n with_o we_o there_o be_v also_o a_o tribute_n impose_v upon_o passenger_n go_v from_o place_n to_o place_n and_o a_o custom_n levy_v upon_o good_n and_o merchandise_n they_o have_v also_o a_o art_n of_o raise_v money_n from_o alien_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o privilege_n of_o roman_n and_o many_o other_o way_n and_o device_n they_o have_v to_o advance_v money_n which_o if_o due_o consider_v be_v the_o chief_a if_o not_o only_a reason_n why_o they_o be_v so_o fame_v in_o the_o world_n for_o good_a government_n because_o that_o they_o pay_v their_o army_n and_o minister_n of_o state_n so_o well_o that_o they_o lay_v not_o under_o the_o temptation_n of_o violence_n or_o bribery_n i_o shall_v here_o come_v to_o a_o close_a in_o relation_n to_o tax●s_n and_o imposition_n under_o the_o heathen_a roman_a emperor_n and_o only_o in_o order_n to_o the_o make_v good_a my_o position_n that_o tax_n be_v no_o charge_n infer_v from_o this_o do_v by_o the_o ro●ans_n that_o it_o be_v none_o in_o their_o day_n inasmuch_o as_o it_o keep_v the_o people_n from_o violence_n and_o ravage_v of_o the_o soldier_n and_o the_o worse_a exaction_n and_o corruption_n of_o civil_a magistrate_n we_o will_v now_o make_v a_o enquiry_n into_o the_o tax_n and_o imposition_n of_o christian_a prince_n and_o then_o compare_v they_o with_o those_o of_o these_o kingdom_n first_o then_o let_v we_o look_v into_o the_o imposition_n of_o commonwealth_n the_o great_a and_o most_o ancient_a be_v venice_n no●e_n will_v say_v that_o they_o be_v a_o poor_a state_n though_o all_o must_v own_o that_o they_o lie_v under_o heavy_a tax_n insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v believe_v in_o those_o country_n that_o the_o christians_n under_o the_o turk_n be_v subject_a to_o less_o imposition_n than_o such_o as_o live_v under_o the_o venetian_n where_o beside_o great_a custom_n upon_o all_o merchandise_n they_o pay_v excise_n for_o every_o bit_n of_o bread_n and_o meat_n nay_o for_o the_o very_a salt_n they_o eat_v and_o after_o all_o thi●_n the_o poor_a
trade_n be_v improve_v by_o tax_n iv._o that_o the_o poor_a be_v employ_v by_o they_o v._o that_o a_o sett_n of_o man_n of_o no_o use_n in_o the_o kingdom_n be_v by_o tax_n make_v profitable_a in_o the_o commonwealth_n vi_o that_o tax_n especial_o when_o trade_n be_v stop_v by_o war_n be_v the_o only_a remedy_n to_o keep_v the_o trade_n and_o mechanic_n hand_n of_o the_o kingdom_n employ_v vii_o that_o tax_n will_v enrich_v the_o nation_n and_o disperse_v in_o it_o as_o much_o treasure_n when_o there_o be_v no_o foreign_a trade_n as_o when_o it_o be_v open_a to_o begin_v then_o with_o the_o first_o head_n who_o it_o be_v that_o pay_v most_o of_o the_o tax_n they_o be_v the_o worst_a member_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n viz._n the_o extravagant_a and_o debauch_a the_o great_a duty_n be_v or_o shall_v be_v lay_v upon_o commodity_n for_o pleasure_n and_o sumptuousness_n as_o silk_n gold_n and_o silver_n lace_n etc._n etc._n now_o these_o be_v wear_v in_o the_o great_a excess_n by_o the_o extravagant_a of_o the_o kingdom_n both_o man_n and_o woman_n a_o d●b●shee_n shall_v spend_v more_o out_o of_o a_o estate_n of_o a_o thousand_o pound_n a_o year_n than_o a_o regular_a man_n will_v from_o the_o annual_a income_n of_o five_o time_n that_o proportion_n and_o a_o miss_n lie_v out_o more_o on_o clothes_n than_o a_o countess_n so_o in_o the_o excess_n to_o indulge_v the_o belly_n as_o well_o as_o provide_v for_o the_o back_n the_o vast_a consumption_n of_o wine_n and_o strong_a liquor_n be_v by_o this_o sort_n of_o man_n nay_o the_o poor_a debauch_n that_o can_v rise_v no_o high_o than_o to_o beer_n and_o tabaco_n pay_v ten_o time_n as_o much_o in_o the_o year_n in_o proportion_n to_o his_o income_n as_o the_o great_a peer_n it_o will_v hardly_o gain_v belief_n that_o there_o be_v many_o of_o the_o mean_a people_n labourer_n and_o mechanic_n that_o by_o their_o expense_n when_o they_o be_v as_o too_o many_o be_v extravagant_a pay_v to_o the_o public_a tax_n above_o one_o ten_o of_o their_o daily_a profit_n as_o suppose_v that_o a_o labour_a man_n may_v earn_v sixte●n_o pound_n a_o year_n he_o will_v expend_v though_o not_o very_o extraordinary_o profuse_a one_o half_a of_o it_o in_o drink_n and_o tabaco_n upon_o which_o the_o duty_n of_o custom_n and_o excise_n be_v at_o least_o two_o pound_n of_o the_o eight_o which_o he_o lay_v out_o in_o idle_a expense_n now_o it_o will_v be_v vehement_o decry_v and_o exclaim_v against_o as_o the_o great_a oppression_n upon_o the_o poor_a imaginable_a if_o by_o a_o poll_n or_o land-tax_n this_o man_n that_o virtual_o pay_v forty_o shilling_n shall_v actual_o and_o aboveboard_n pay_v so_o many_o penny_n by_o the_o year_n thus_o we_o see_v that_o most_o of_o the_o duty_n and_o imposition_n on_o the_o kingdom_n light_n upon_o such_o as_o do_v least_o good_a with_o their_o substance_n and_o since_o they_o imprudent_o fling_v it_o away_o upon_o their_o extravagancy_n it_o be_v certain_o a_o benefit_n to_o the_o kingdom_n that_o there_o be_v tax_n to_o catch_v something_o out_o of_o it_o for_o the_o improvement_n of_o better_a dispose_v man_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o next_o paragraph_n the_o second_o particular_a be_v what_o use_n be_v make_v of_o these_o tax_n and_o how_o they_o circulate_v in_o the_o kingdom_n in_o order_n to_o which_o there_o be_v but_o two_o way_n in_o which_o they_o be_v employ_v one_o be_v for_o the_o king_n court_n the_o other_o for_o provision_n of_o war_n in_o the_o maintenance_n of_o naval_a and_o land_n force_n now_o both_o these_o be_v as_o well_o the_o employment_n of_o trade_n and_o artisan_n as_o they_o resolve_v into_o the_o security_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n there_o be_v no_o money_n which_o circulate_v so_o fast_o as_o that_o which_o come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o seaman_n and_o soldier_n other_o man_n that_o get_v money_n frequent_o lay_v it_o up_o and_o so_o it_o become_v of_o no_o use_n or_o benefit_n in_o the_o kingdom_n but_o man_n that_o live_v by_o their_o pay_n general_o spend_v it_o fast_o than_o it_o come_v in_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o money_n of_o the_o kingdom_n like_o the_o blood_n in_o the_o vein_n have_v its_o regular_a circular_a motion_n and_o every_o member_n in_o the_o body_n be_v warm_v and_o refresh_v by_o it_o which_o give_v life_n and_o motion_n in_o the_o whole_a and_o thus_o i_o presume_v this_o second_o instance_n of_o the_o use_n of_o tax_n prove_v that_o they_o be_v of_o advantage_n and_o profit_n to_o the_o kingdom_n three_o how_o trade_n be_v improve_v by_o tax_n upon_o this_o head_n there_o be_v much_o to_o be_v say_v and_o first_o it_o will_v be_v requisite_a to_o say_v something_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o trade_n how_o it_o affect_v the_o kingdom_n for_o that_o trade_n may_v in_o some_o case_n prejudice_v a_o nation_n and_o make_v it_o poor_a as_o the_o trade_n of_o spain_n do_v that_o kingdom_n trade_n may_v also_o effeminate_a and_o debauch_v a_o country_n as_o it_o do_v italy_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o we_o be_v not_o free_a from_o both_o these_o public_a mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n in_o england_n though_o our_o fortune_n be_v such_o that_o be_v islander_n and_o master_n of_o one_o commodity_n which_o no_o kingdom_n have_v in_o that_o perfection_n as_o ourselves_o which_o be_v wool_n that_o have_v put_v our_o people_n upon_o manufactory_n which_o be_v the_o treasure_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o keep_v our_o export_n to_o a_o balance_n with_o our_o import_v otherwise_o this_o kingdom_n will_v have_v be_v as_o poor_a as_o spain_n and_o as_o effeminate_a as_o italy_n but_o the_o employment_n of_o our_o mild_a sort_n in_o manufactory_n at_o home_n and_o the_o more_o robu_v at_o sea_n abroad_o keep_v we_o a_o people_n in_o action_n and_o so_o preserve_v from_o the_o luxury_n and_o effeminateness_n of_o italy_n and_o the_o poverty_n of_o spain_n i_o need_v not_o spend_v time_n to_o prove_v how_o far_o we_o be_v taint_v with_o the_o mischief_n before_o mention_v our_o trade_n with_o france_n in_o all_o age_n past_a sufficient_o prove_v that_o a_o kingdom_n may_v be_v make_v poor_a by_o trade_n as_o we_o shall_v have_v be_v by_o the_o vast_a treasure_n their_o linen_n wine_n silk_n toy_n and_o salt_n draw_v from_o this_o kingdom_n if_o our_o other_o commerce_n in_o the_o world_n have_v not_o balance_v our_o loss_n there_o nor_o be_v we_o free_a from_o the_o effeminateness_n of_o italy_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o return_v of_o our_o gentry_n travel_n a_o mischief_n to_o be_v lament_v rather_o than_o expect_v a_o reformation_n of_o since_o we_o be_v arrive_v to_o that_o height_n of_o vanity_n as_o to_o think_v that_o man_n not_o accomplish_v who_o be_v not_o become_v master_n of_o the_o delicacy_n of_o italy_n and_o extravagant_a modes_n of_o france_n but_o to_o return_v to_o my_o province_n how_o trade_n be_v improve_v by_o tax_n for_o the_o proof_n of_o which_o assertion_n it_o seem_v plain_a that_o some_o trade_n may_v impair_v a_o kingdom_n and_o such_o tax_n and_o imposition_n may_v abate_v by_o impose_v such_o duty_n as_o they_o can_v bear_v so_o far_o then_o it_o will_v be_v allow_v that_o they_o improve_v trade_n as_o we_o common_o say_v save_v be_v gain_n so_o if_o we_o keep_v out_o a_o destructive_a trade_n by_o duty_n we_o may_v allow_v that_o a_o improvement_n of_o our_o own_o but_o to_o come_v near_o to_o the_o matter_n tax_n improve_v trade_n by_o employ_v number_n of_o idle_a man_n in_o naval_a and_o land-service_n that_o will_v otherwise_o be_v of_o no_o use_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a a_o pest_n and_o charge_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n we_o seldom_o see_v any_o enlist_v into_o the_o army_n that_o be_v man_n of_o industry_n or_o labour_n such_o person_n be_v the_o wen_n and_o excrescency_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o deform_v but_o not_o strengthen_v the_o body_n and_o these_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o tax_n of_o another_o sort_n of_o creature_n as_o before_o i_o mention_v be_v of_o no_o use_n in_o the_o state_n but_o to_o throw_v abroad_o the_o treasure_n leave_v they_o by_o their_o father_n be_v virtual_o a_o improvement_n of_o trade_n for_o that_o all_o like_o the_o river_n in_o the_o sea_n terminate_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o industry_n and_o trade_n and_o perhaps_o if_o due_o consider_v more_o man_n and_o with_o more_o certain_a profit_n make_v voyage_n within_o this_o island_n upon_o this_o fund_z than_o there_o do_v to_o most_o of_o our_o foreign_a trade_n and_o in_o this_o place_n i_o must_v touch_v again_o upon_o the_o nature_n of_o trade_n to_o show_v that_o private_a hand_n may_v raise_v their_o fortune_n by_o a_o trade_n that_o may_v yet_o be_v a_o loss_n to_o a_o kingdom_n
carry_v in_o our_o ship_n our_o own_o manufactory_n out_o of_o all_o those_o advantage_n add_v so_o little_a to_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o bring_v home_n no_o bullion_n but_o by_o our_o trade_n to_o spain_n and_o some_o little_a from_o the_o levant_n our_o guinea_n trade_n and_o for_o some_o year_n past_a buckaneer_n in_o the_o west-indies_n but_o that_o which_o be_v our_o best_a fund_z be_v the_o trade_n of_o spain_n and_o portugal_n the_o former_a be_v make_v considerable_a to_o we_o by_o our_o east-india_n commodity_n which_o fetch_v from_o spain_n more_o than_o we_o send_v out_o in_o specie_fw-la though_o some_o believe_v the_o east-india_n company_n do_v we_o hurt_v by_o carry_v out_o the_o gold_n of_o the_o kingdom_n now_o than_o if_o the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o trade_n consist_v in_o bring_v in_o commodity_n for_o commodity_n than_o all_o the_o benefit_n o●_n that_o trade_n be_v that_o it_o give_v employment_n to_o our_o common_a people_n in_o their_o mechanic_n art_n and_o if_o we_o can_v do_v that_o by_o our_o own_o expense_n at_o home_n it_o be_v more_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n than_o by_o send_v they_o abroad_o for_o that_o we_o avoid_v the_o hazard_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o other_o accident_n abroad_o it_o seem_v then_o that_o tax_n do_v that_o since_o they_o issue_v forth_o money_n for_o payment_n of_o our_o artisan_n and_o mechanic_n that_o be_v employ_v in_o make_v commodity_n for_o our_o own_o use_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n enough_o for_o that_o foreign_a trade_n which_o furnish_v we_o with_o bullion_n and_o by_o that_o it_o appear_v that_o we_o be_v much_o great_a gainer_n by_o the_o trade_n of_o tax_n than_o by_o all_o our_o foreign_a trade_n which_o bring_v in_o nothing_o but_o commodity_n for_o our_o own_o expense_n we_o see_v that_o the_o care_n of_o our_o parliament_n be_v to_o prevent_v the_o importation_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n and_o to_o encourage_v that_o commerce_n which_o bring_v we_o in_o 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