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king_n vanli_n son_n to_o this_o queen_n abovesaid_a the_o which_o fall_v out_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o august_n in_o the_o year_n 1620._o in_o their_o seven_o moon_n forbear_v to_o mention_v the_o ceremony_n which_o be_v like_a to_o those_o we_o even_o now_o relate_v he_o fall_v sick_a about_o the_o end_n of_o june_n in_o the_o same_o year_n of_o a_o looseness_n and_o pain_n in_o his_o stomach_n swell_v of_o his_o foot_n and_o other_o malady_n this_o infirmity_n last_v two_o month_n with_o many_o various_a change_n &_o alteration_n after_o which_o find_v himself_o come_v to_o the_o end_n of_o his_o life_n he_o call_v his_o son_n the_o heir_n of_o the_o kingdom_n with_o his_o three_o other_o brother_n to_o who_o he_o make_v a_o discourse_n full_a of_o good_a advice_n and_o wholesome_a precept_n accuse_v himself_o of_o too_o much_o negligence_n and_o want_v of_o care_n and_o then_o give_v they_o the_o last_o salute_v then_o he_o make_v his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n the_o manner_n whereof_o be_v this_o when_o the_o physician_n do_v despair_n of_o the_o king_n recovery_n the_o colai_n if_o they_o be_v many_o as_o they_o use_v to_o be_v together_o with_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o eunuch_n and_o the_o first_o precedent_n of_o the_o palace_n who_o they_o call_v suli_n kien_n go_v to_o the_o king_n and_o endeavour_v to_o draw_v from_o his_o own_o mouth_n what_o his_o last_o will_n be_v and_o the_o sum_n of_o his_o testament_n after_o that_o they_o go_v secret_o to_o the_o prince_n the_o heir_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o give_v he_o a_o account_n of_o all_o to_o the_o end_n nothing_o may_v be_v do_v contrary_a to_o the_o will_n of_o he_o who_o be_v present_o to_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n when_o they_o have_v understand_v what_o both_o their_o pleasure_n be_v they_o put_v it_o into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o will_n and_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o king_n to_o have_v his_o approbation_n of_o it_o then_o they_o present_v it_o to_o a_o senator_n of_o the_o royal_a college_n call_v hanli_n yven_v to_o who_o it_o belong_v to_o put_v such_o writing_n as_o concern_v the_o king_n into_o good_a form_n and_o stile_n that_o do_v it_o be_v close_v up_o and_o seal_v with_o the_o king_n seal_n and_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o archive_v of_o the_o royal_a college_n while_o the_o king_n be_v live_v assoon_o as_o he_o be_v dead_a it_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o tribunal_n of_o rite_n and_o ceremony_n to_o who_o it_o belong_v to_o publish_v it_o through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o to_o put_v it_o punctual_o in_o execution_n the_o form_n of_o this_o will_n be_v here_o faithful_o copy_v and_o translate_v out_o of_o the_o chiness_n language_n into_o we_o the_o last_o will_v and_o testament_n of_o our_o emperor_n vanli_n who_o in_o obedience_n to_o heaven_n have_v resign_v his_o empire_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o posterity_n i_o from_o a_o child_n receive_v the_o government_n of_o this_o monarchy_n from_o the_o hand_n of_o my_o progenitour_n and_o have_v hold_v it_o forty_o eight_o year_n a_o very_a long_a time_n wherefore_o i_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o lament_v that_o i_o be_o now_o to_o leave_v it_o assoon_o as_o i_o be_v create_v emperor_n i_o have_v strong_a inclination_n to_o govern_v well_o and_o to_o imitate_v my_o predecessor_n as_o in_o truth_n i_o endeavour_v to_o do_v with_o all_o exactness_n but_o afterward_o be_v hinder_v by_o several_a infirmity_n for_o many_o year_n i_o leave_v off_o the_o care_n of_o have_v the_o wont_a sacrifice_n celebrate_v to_o heaven_n and_o earth_n neither_o do_v i_o cause_v the_o office_n and_o ceremony_n to_o be_v perform_v which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o memory_n of_o my_o ancestor_n i_o seldom_o time_n sit_v upon_o the_o throne_n to_o consult_v of_o the_o affair_n of_o
beast_n they_o say_v it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o this_o life_n as_o if_o a_o man_n be_v civil_a courteous_a and_o well_o breed_v they_o say_v he_o be_v turn_v into_o a_o man_n if_o choleric_a and_o furious_a into_o a_o lion_n if_o cruel_a into_o a_o tiger_n if_o gluttonous_a into_o a_o swine_n if_o a_o thief_n into_o a_o bird_n of_o prey_n hence_o be_v the_o original_n of_o that_o handsome_a say_n among_o they_o ti_fw-mi the_fw-mi thien_n than_o ti_fw-mi then_o sin_n vai_n that_o be_v heaven_n and_o hell_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o heart_n these_o be_v the_o three_o principal_a sect_n of_o china_n from_o whence_o have_v spring_v many_o other_o that_o be_v there_o to_o be_v find_v they_o hold_v that_o they_o may_v be_v make_v all_o to_o agree_v without_o any_o prejudice_n to_o their_o observance_n they_o have_v a_o text_n which_o say_v san_n chiao_n you_o tao_n that_o be_v the_o doctrine_n be_v three_o but_o the_o reason_n of_o they_o be_v but_o one_o for_o although_o the_o worship_n adoration_n and_o exercise_n be_v different_a notwithstanding_o the_o end_n at_o which_o they_o all_o arrive_v be_v the_o same_o cu_z hiu_o that_o be_v nothing_o the_o litterati_fw-la of_o the_o first_o sect_n imitate_v heaven_n and_o earth_n apply_v all_o to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o their_o family_n and_o of_o their_o person_n only_o in_o this_o life_n and_o after_o that_o pretend_v to_o nothing_o the_o tausi_n of_o the_o second_o sect_n without_o any_o regard_n to_o their_o family_n or_o the_o government_n treat_v only_o of_o the_o body_n the_o disciple_n of_o xaca_n of_o the_o three_o sect_n without_o any_o regard_n to_o the_o body_n treat_v only_o of_o the_o spirit_n internal_a peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o conscience_n hence_o arise_v that_o sentence_n which_o they_o use_v iu_n chi_fw-mi que_fw-fr tau_n chi_fw-mi xin_n xe_n chi_fw-mi sin_n that_o be_v the_o litterati_fw-la govern_v the_o kingdom_n the_o tausi_n the_o body_n and_o the_o bonzi_n the_o heart_n beside_o these_o three_o which_o be_v all_o admit_v and_o public_o profess_v in_o the_o kingdom_n there_o be_v another_o which_o be_v not_o public_a nor_o permit_v but_o be_v under_o a_o prohibition_n notwithstanding_o it_o have_v many_o follower_n it_o be_v call_v pe_n lie_v kieo_n and_o be_v exceed_o hate_v of_o the_o chiness_n especial_o of_o the_o governor_n because_o the_o disciple_n thereof_o do_v conceal_v themselves_o do_v every_o thing_n by_o night_n with_o much_o secrecy_n it_o be_v common_o believe_v that_o their_o intent_n be_v to_o exalt_v some_o of_o themselves_o to_o the_o crown_n and_o it_o be_v very_o think_v that_o some_o perverse_a man_n of_o this_o profession_n have_v already_o design_v it_o a_o chinesse_n of_o good_a credit_n do_v affirm_v to_o i_o that_o there_o be_v throughout_o china_n many_o thousand_o of_o they_o and_o that_o they_o have_v a_o captain_n or_o king_n with_o all_o his_o officer_n belong_v to_o he_o who_o such_o of_o their_o sect_n as_o live_v far_o off_o do_v reverence_n in_o their_o letter_n with_o all_o respect_n due_a to_o such_o a_o person_n and_o those_o that_o be_v at_o hand_n when_o they_o have_v a_o convenience_n to_o assemble_v themselves_o do_v honour_n he_o with_o service_n courtesy_n and_o splendour_n suitable_a to_o that_o of_o royal_a majesty_n and_o that_o all_o of_o they_o know_v one_o another_o in_o the_o year_n 1622._o in_o the_o province_n of_o xantum_n which_o lie_v between_o that_o of_o nankim_n and_o pekim_n there_o be_v discover_v and_o take_v one_o of_o these_o that_o be_v their_o captain_n and_o because_o the_o mandarines_n be_v resolve_v not_o only_o to_o punish_v he_o but_o all_o those_o that_o follow_v his_o sect_n likewise_o they_o question_v he_o concern_v his_o companion_n and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v a_o confession_n from_o he_o they_o give_v he_o several_a time_n the_o rack_n which_o be_v understand_v by_o those_o of_o the_o same_o sect_n whether_o it_o be_v for_o love_n they_o bear_v he_o or_o for_o fear_n that_o he_o may_v be_v constrain_v to_o confess_v and_o discover_v they_o they_o all_o resolve_v to_o arm_v themselves_o and_o fall_v upon_o the_o mandarines_n and_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n to_o deliver_v their_o companion_n which_o according_o they_o put_v in_o execution_n with_o so_o much_o suddenness_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o other_o to_o resist_v or_o escape_v they_o they_o slay_v many_o of_o the_o mandarines_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v so_o affright_v that_o they_o deliver_v their_o companion_n then_o have_v form_v themselves_o into_o a_o body_n they_o begin_v to_o conquer_v the_o province_n at_o the_o beginning_n their_o number_n be_v not_o considerable_a but_o in_o a_o short_a time_n there_o be_v so_o many_o who_o join_v themselves_o to_o they_o part_n of_o their_o own_o faction_n and_o part_n of_o other_o vagabond_n that_o already_o they_o come_v to_o be_v many_o thousand_o and_o so_o go_v on_o without_o find_v any_o resistance_n they_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o small_a village_n and_o at_o lengh_n take_v two_o wall_v town_n where_o they_o fortify_v themselves_o issue_v out_o from_o thence_o to_o assault_v their_o enemy_n this_o news_n give_v no_o little_a trouble_n to_o the_o court_n the_o rebel_n be_v very_o near_o they_o but_o at_o length_n by_o the_o diligence_n they_o use_v all_o be_v remedy_v by_o reason_n that_o numerous_a force_n be_v send_v out_o against_o they_o from_o pekim_n and_o although_o at_o the_o beginning_n there_o fall_v out_o many_o battle_n with_o various_a success_n both_o on_o the_o one_o and_o other_o side_n yet_o at_o the_o length_n they_o of_o pekim_n be_v conqueror_n and_o the_o rebel_n army_n defeat_v and_o their_o captain_n take_v who_o call_v himself_o king_n and_o keep_v this_o title_n with_o so_o much_o obstinacy_n that_o be_v lodge_v at_o the_o house_n of_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o court_n he_o do_v he_o no_o reverence_n at_o all_o and_o be_v bid_v to_o bow_n and_o do_v he_o reverence_n he_o answer_v with_o much_o disdain_n the_o king_n do_v reverence_n to_o no_o man_n be_v come_v to_o court_n he_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v and_o be_v according_o behead_v and_o this_o be_v the_o crown_n which_o he_o deserve_v after_o that_o the_o king_n quiet_v the_o rest_n by_o pardon_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o rebel_n chap._n 19_o of_o their_o superstition_n and_o sacrifice_n in_o china_n superstition_n be_v a_o individual_a companion_n of_o paganism_n but_o in_o china_n giappon_n and_o corea_n and_o the_o neighbour_a kingdom_n it_o be_v in_o great_a excess_n the_o king_n mathematician_n give_v no_o small_a occasion_n to_o these_o superstition_n for_o from_o the_o impression_n of_o the_o air_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o sky_n tempest_n unseasonable_a thunder_n aspect_n of_o the_o sun_n whereof_o they_o have_v two_o and_o twenty_o difference_n and_o several_a appearance_n of_o the_o moon_n whereof_o they_o have_v sixteen_o he_o always_o make_v his_o prognostication_n especial_o whether_o there_o will_v be_v peace_n in_o the_o kingdom_n or_o dearth_n mortality_n mutation_n perturbation_n and_o the_o like_a to_o this_o end_n he_o make_v a_o almanac_n for_o the_o whole_a year_n which_o he_o divide_v into_o its_o moon_n and_o the_o moon_n into_o day_n which_o according_a to_o his_o calculation_n he_o declare_v fortunate_a or_o unfortunate_a to_o do_v or_o leave_v undo_v any_o thing_n as_o to_o take_v a_o voyage_n to_o go_v out_o of_o door_n to_o make_v marriage_n to_o bury_v the_o dead_a to_o build_v and_o other_o such_o like_a affair_n whence_o the_o chiness_n in_o all_o their_o business_n do_v so_o observe_v these_o rubriques_n that_o mere_o not_o to_o go_v against_o these_o rule_n they_o hasten_v defer_v or_o let_v alone_o whatsoever_o they_o have_v to_o do_v so_o that_o if_o the_o almanac_n say_v on_o such_o a_o day_n such_o a_o business_n be_v to_o be_v do_v although_o all_o the_o element_n conspire_v against_o they_o they_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n defer_v it_o beside_o this_o almanac_n whereof_o there_o be_v so_o many_o copy_n give_v out_o that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o house_n which_o have_v not_o one_o of_o they_o the_o market-place_n and_o street_n be_v full_a of_o astrologer_n and_o soothsayer_n who_o keep_v open_a shop_n with_o their_o table_n for_o calculation_n in_o order_n only_o to_o tell_v such_o their_o fortune_n as_o come_v to_o they_o to_o require_v it_o and_o although_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o that_o come_v to_o they_o be_v deceive_v and_o cozen_v yet_o there_o be_v so_o many_o that_o flock_n to_o they_o that_o although_o the_o number_n of_o these_o diviner_n be_v almost_o infinite_a they_o live_v and_o sustain_v their_o family_n by_o this_o art_n some_o profess_v to_o divine_a by_o way_n of_o number_n even_o or_o
all_o ancient_a title_n they_o have_v office_n in_o the_o militia_n and_o a_o competent_a revenue_n and_o all_o of_o they_o succeed_v their_o father_n in_o their_o power_n authority_n and_o command_v they_o give_v place_n to_o many_o officer_n of_o the_o litterati_fw-la but_o at_o a_o assembly_n in_o the_o royal_a hall_n they_o precede_v all_o of_o they_o the_o three_o order_n contain_v all_o they_o who_o either_o have_v or_o do_v admininister_v in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whether_o they_o be_v officer_n of_o of_o war_n as_o general_n or_o captain_n or_o of_o the_o politic_a and_o civil_a government_n whether_o they_o be_v supreme_a such_o as_o be_v the_o colai_n or_o inferior_a minister_n as_o well_o the_o mandarines_n of_o other_o city_n as_o those_o of_o the_o court_n even_o to_o those_o of_o the_o small_a burgh_n and_o village_n neither_o be_v they_o exclude_v from_o this_o order_n who_o neither_o governor_n nor_o have_v govern_v but_o be_v in_o election_n to_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o government_n such_o be_v all_o graduate_n as_o doctor_n licentiate_n and_o bachelor_n in_o a_o word_n this_o order_n consist_v of_o litterati_fw-la the_o four_o be_v of_o student_n who_o although_o they_o have_v never_o take_v any_o degree_n yet_o only_o for_o be_v student_n and_o that_o they_o be_v in_o a_o way_n to_o obtain_v they_o be_v put_v into_o the_o rank_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o treat_v as_o such_o although_o they_o have_v no_o privilege_n or_o authority_n the_o five_o be_v of_o those_o person_n who_o they_o call_v netti_n or_o cleanly_a man_n who_o live_v either_o of_o their_o rent_n or_o merchandise_n and_o when_o their_o wealth_n be_v much_o their_o honour_n be_v not_o little_a and_o although_o without_o learn_v their_o power_n and_o credit_n be_v not_o so_o great_a as_o among_o we_o yet_o they_o be_v much_o respect_v by_o the_o people_n chap._n 25._o of_o the_o government_n of_o china_n and_o of_o the_o officer_n the_o principal_a government_n of_o china_n which_o embrace_v the_o state_n of_o the_o whole_a monarchy_n be_v divide_v into_o six_o counsel_n call_v by_o they_o pú._o these_o do_v not_o only_o govern_v in_o the_o two_o court_n where_o they_o do_v reside_v but_o from_o these_o as_o from_o the_o first_o mover_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o government_n depend_v and_o to_o these_o person_n cause_n and_o matter_n according_a as_o appertain_v unto_o each_o all_o be_v subordinate_a with_o a_o incredible_a dependence_n and_o obedience_n every_o one_o of_o these_o counsel_n have_v its_o precedent_n who_o they_o call_v i_o be_o xu_o with_o two_o assistant_n one_o of_o the_o left_a hand_n who_o be_v the_o first_o called_z co_z xi_o lam_n the_o other_o of_o the_o right_n name_v geu_o xi_o lam._n these_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o most_o profitable_a office_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n except_o the_o colai_n of_o who_o we_o will_v speak_v hereaster_n so_o that_o when_o a_o viceroy_n of_o any_o province_n even_o of_o the_o most_o principal_a after_o he_o have_v give_v good_a testimony_n of_o his_o ability_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v he_o hold_v himself_o well_o provide_v for_o not_o only_o if_o he_o be_v make_v precedent_n of_o one_o of_o these_o counsel_n but_o also_o if_o he_o come_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o assessor_n or_o assistant_n either_o of_o the_o left_a hand_n or_o the_o right_n beside_o these_o who_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o council_n there_o be_v ten_o other_o of_o the_o same_o tribunal_n almost_o all_o equal_a in_o dignity_n who_o be_v distribute_v into_o several_a office_n and_o employment_n to_o these_o be_v add_v other_o great_a and_o lesser_a officer_n as_o notary_n scribe_n secretaries_z minister_n captain_n of_o justice_n and_o many_o other_o who_o be_v not_o usual_a among_o we_o in_o europe_n the_o first_o and_o chief_a council_n which_o be_v of_o the_o great_a authority_n and_o profit_n be_v the_o council_n of_o state_n called_z si_fw-mi pu._n to_o they_o it_o belong_v to_o propose_v the_o mandate_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n concern_v officer_n to_o change_v and_o promote_v they_o for_o after_o any_o one_o have_v be_v once_o provide_v of_o a_o office_n he_o always_o rise_v by_o degree_n to_o great_a employment_n nor_o be_v they_o ever_o exclude_v from_o the_o governman_n tunlesse_a it_o be_v for_o some_o notable_a fault_n commit_v either_o by_o themselves_o or_o by_o such_o as_o appertain_v to_o they_o as_o their_o son_n near_o kindred_n and_o the_o like_a to_o this_o tribunal_n also_o belong_v the_o power_n to_o restore_v again_o any_o that_o be_v turn_v out_o of_o his_o office_n as_o if_o a_o mandarine_a by_o some_o accident_n lose_v his_o office_n they_o can_v easy_o put_v he_o in_o again_o and_o upon_o this_o account_n they_o have_v very_o many_o and_o very_o great_a bribe_n give_v they_o the_o second_o be_v the_o council_n of_o war_n call_v pim_n pú._n this_o also_o as_o well_o as_o the_o council_n of_o state_n have_v authority_n over_o all_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o litterati_fw-la as_o also_o over_o the_o officer_n of_o war_n and_o take_v cognizance_n of_o all_o affair_n belong_v to_o the_o militia_n and_o be_v of_o great_a profit_n the_o three_o be_v the_o council_n of_o rite_n name_v limb_o pú._n this_o although_o it_o have_v not_o so_o great_a command_n nor_o bring_v so_o much_o profit_n be_v notwithstanding_o more_o considerable_a because_o the_o mandarines_n thereof_o be_v of_o the_o royal_a college_n and_o be_v from_o hence_o prefer_v to_o be_v colai_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a dignity_n in_o china_n to_o this_o college_n do_v appertain_v all_o affair_n concern_v letter_n temple_n ceremony_n sacrifice_n the_o bonzi_n stranger_n ambassador_n and_o such_o like_a thing_n the_o four_o be_v the_o council_n of_o the_o king_n patrimony_n call_v hu_o pù_n it_o take_v care_n of_o the_o king_n revenue_n tax_n imposition_n gabell_n excise_n tribute_n and_o general_o whatsoever_o concern_v the_o king_n domain_a the_o five_o be_v call_v cum_fw-la pù_n it_o be_v superintendent_n over_o all_o public_a work_n particular_o the_o king_n building_n as_o those_o of_o the_o palace_n that_o be_v make_v for_o the_o king_n child_n for_o the_o officer_n over_o wall_n gate_n bridges_n cawsewaies_o cleanse_v of_o river_n and_o whatsoever_o belong_v to_o the_o ship_n and_o bark_n as_o well_o for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o public_a as_o for_o the_o armadoe_n the_o sixth_o have_v the_o care_n of_o all_o criminal_a matter_n and_o to_o inflict_v punishment_n it_o be_v call_v he_o pù_n and_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o high_a criminal_a matter_n and_o other_o thing_n appertain_v thereto_o beside_o these_o six_o counsel_n which_o be_v the_o most_o principal_a of_o the_o court_n there_o be_v other_o nine_o tribunal_n call_v kicù_n kim_n with_o several_a office_n which_o do_v particular_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n household_n the_o first_o be_v call_v thai_n lisù_n as_o one_o will_v say_v the_o great_a reason_n it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o great_a chancery_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o examine_v as_o be_v the_o last_o appeal_n the_o judgement_n and_o sentence_n of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o court_n and_o thither_o be_v bring_v all_o fact_n of_o great_a moment_n it_o consistenth_n of_o thirteen_o mandarine_n that_o be_v one_o precedent_n two_o collateral_n and_o ten_o counselor_n the_o second_o be_v call_v quan_fw-mi lo_o sum_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v high_z steward_z of_o the_o king_n household_n to_o who_o charge_n it_o belong_v to_o provide_v the_o diet_n for_o the_o king_n the_o queen_n the_o lady_n the_o eunuch_n and_o to_o have_v the_o lay_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a expense_n of_o the_o palace_n to_o pay_v the_o salary_n to_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o court_n and_o to_o all_o those_o that_o come_v thither_o upon_o public_a business_n to_o ambassador_n which_o come_v from_o other_o country_n and_o other_o such_o like_a person_n it_o have_v a_o precedent_n two_o assessor_n and_o seven_o counselor_n the_o three_o be_v thai_n po_n cuckoe_n sù_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v chief_a master_n of_o the_o horse_n to_o the_o king_n and_o they_o have_v not_o only_o the_o charge_n of_o all_o horse_n for_o the_o king_n service_n but_o of_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o post_n and_o general_o of_o all_o other_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o public_a service_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o have_v a_o precedent_n and_o seven_o counselor_n the_o four_o be_v as_o it_o be_v master_n of_o the_o ceremony_n and_o compliment_n of_o the_o court_n it_o belong_v to_o they_o to_o assist_v at_o all_o the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o public_a action_n of_o the_o king_n at_o feastivall_n and_o other_o time_n and_o occasion_n which_o present_v themselves_o and_o also_o at_o the_o daily_a ceremony_n which_o be_v perform_v in_o the_o palace_n by_o
divide_v into_o little_a square_n it_o be_v fasten_v before_o if_o the_o girdle_n be_v rich_a with_o large_a buckle_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n some_o wear_v they_o nine_o inch_n broad_a there_o be_v nine_o sort_n of_o buckels_n that_o be_v of_o bufalo_fw-la of_o rhinoceros_n horn_n of_o ivory_n of_o tortoise-shell_n of_o lignum_fw-la aquilae_fw-la of_o calambu_n of_o silver_n gold_n and_o precious_a stone_n every_o one_o may_v not_o wear_v they_o indifferent_o according_a to_o their_o fancy_n but_o suitable_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o office_n which_o he_o bear_v the_o last_o girdle_n which_o be_v of_o a_o precious_a stone_n call_v thou_o xe_v be_v give_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o to_o the_o colai_n when_o they_o enter_v into_o their_o office_n nor_o be_v any_o other_o suffer_v to_o wear_v it_o the_o boot_n which_o they_o call_v hive_n be_v not_o ordinary_a but_o of_o a_o certain_a particular_a make_v they_o be_v all_o black_a and_o turn_v down_o the_o vest_n or_o gown_n be_v wear_v over_o their_o ordinary_a habit_n and_o be_v in_o all_o of_o the_o same_o fashion_n it_o be_v large_a loose_a and_o very_o become_v the_o colour_n be_v at_o their_o own_o choice_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v modest_a but_o on_o festival_n day_n it_o be_v crimson_a these_o be_v the_o ensign_n of_o the_o magistrate_n when_o ever_o they_o appear_v in_o public_a for_o at_o home_n they_o leave_v they_o off_o and_o wear_v only_o the_o ordinary_a habit_n of_o the_o litterati_fw-la and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n they_o go_v among_o their_o friend_n to_o banquet_n and_o place_n of_o recreation_n especial_o in_o hot_a weather_n their_o external_a ensign_n when_o they_o go_v abroad_o be_v the_o sedan_n or_o litter_n inlay_v with_o ivory_n and_o rich_o gild_v all_o open_a without_o any_o cover_n at_o top_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v be_v the_o better_o see_v there_o be_v some_o of_o they_o carry_v by_o two_o man_n other_o by_o four_o other_o by_o six_o and_o some_o by_o eight_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o mandarine_a when_o there_o be_v six_o or_o eight_o man_n only_o four_o do_v carry_v the_o sedan_n the_o other_o go_v by_o on_o each_o side_n and_o take_v their_o turn_n the_o train_n which_o follow_v after_o they_o be_v more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o magistrate_n those_o of_o the_o great_a quality_n cause_n two_o man_n to_o march_v before_o they_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n with_o a_o round_a staff_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o each_o of_o something_o more_o than_o a_o man_n length_n only_o for_o terror_n for_o the_o king_n only_o may_v strike_v with_o a_o round_a staff_n and_o all_o the_o way_n they_o go_v they_o make_v a_o cry_n then_o follow_v two_o man_n bear_v two_o tablet_n silver_v over_o whereon_o be_v write_v in_o great_a letter_n the_o title_n of_o his_o dignity_n then_o come_v four_o or_o six_o more_o trail_a after_o they_o cudgel_n make_v of_o a_o great_a tree_n call_v bambu_n wherewith_o they_o be_v wont_v in_o those_o country_n to_o give_v the_o bastinado_n to_o delinquent_n then_o follow_v other_o with_o chain_n in_o their_o hand_n and_o other_o instrument_n of_o torture_n a_o little_a before_o the_o sedan_n there_o march_v one_o with_o a_o umbrella_n or_o sun-skreen_n and_o sometime_o two_o they_o be_v make_v of_o silk_n and_o be_v as_o big_a as_o three_o of_o we_o close_o by_o the_o sedan_n on_o one_o side_n be_v carry_v a_o great_a gild_a fan_n so_o big_a that_o a_o man_n be_v hardly_o able_a to_o bear_v it_o with_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v keep_v off_o from_o he_o for_o the_o umbrella_n serve_v only_o for_o show_v and_o parade_n immediate_o before_o the_o sedan_n be_v carry_v the_o king_n seal_n in_o a_o gild_a coffer_n place_v upon_o a_o machine_n like_a to_o that_o which_o we_o use_v in_o our_o country_n to_o carry_v the_o image_n and_o relic_n of_o saint_n upon_o in_o procession_n under_o a_o cloth_n of_o state_n bear_v up_o with_o four_o small_a pillar_n this_o be_v carry_v by_o two_o man_n behind_o the_o sedan_n follow_v the_o page_n and_o other_o people_n both_o on_o horse_n and_o foot_n when_o he_o go_v through_o the_o street_n if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n unseemly_a at_o the_o window_n as_o clothes_n hang_v out_o a_o dry_n or_o such_o like_a thing_n present_o they_o be_v take_v in_o if_o they_o meet_v with_o any_o beer_n or_o hearse_n such_o as_o the_o dead_a be_v carry_v to_o burial_n withal_o they_o overturn_v they_o to_o the_o ground_n people_n of_o quality_n turn_v down_o some_o other_o street_n to_o avoid_v meet_v of_o they_o they_o that_o be_v on_o horseback_n alight_v they_o that_o be_v carry_v in_o chair_n be_v set_v down_o &_o the_o people_n set_v themselves_o in_o rank_n on_o both_o side_n the_o way_n if_o it_o be_v a_o great_a mandarine_n the_o multitude_n that_o stand_v look_v upon_o he_o keep_v a_o profound_a silence_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o sit_v in_o his_o chair_n with_o so_o much_o gravity_n and_o composure_n of_o body_n that_o he_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o move_v his_o eye_n for_o to_o but_o look_v on_o one_o side_n or_o other_o will_v in_o they_o be_v esteem_v a_o notable_a fault_n when_o they_o make_v their_o first_o entry_n into_o any_o city_n or_o town_n beside_o the_o train_n which_o be_v appoint_v to_o accompany_v they_o all_o the_o way_n they_o go_v and_o the_o soldier_n which_o guard_v they_o through_o the_o town_n and_o city_n where_o they_o pass_v and_o the_o officer_n of_o their_o own_o tribunal_n who_o go_v many_o day_n journey_n off_o to_o receive_v they_o and_o the_o soldier_n of_o his_o own_o government_n who_o go_v out_o many_o mile_n to_o meet_v they_o and_o all_o the_o inferior_a mandarines_n who_o go_v out_o of_o the_o city_n to_o congratulate_v they_o at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o town_n or_o city_n stand_v all_o the_o old_a man_n of_o that_o place_n in_o great_a number_n with_o their_o reverend_a white_a beard_n who_o on_o their_o knee_n bid_v he_o welcome_a in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o people_n the_o mother_n and_o wife_n of_o the_o officer_n as_o their_o son_n or_o husband_n be_v prefer_v and_o advance_v to_o high_a office_n and_o dignity_n be_v appoint_v by_o the_o king_n certain_a honourable_a distinction_n in_o their_o habit_n as_o also_o title_n whereby_o they_o be_v call_v such_o as_o be_v among_o we_o your_o honour_n and_o your_o excellency_n not_o that_o they_o be_v the_o same_o but_o that_o they_o have_v some_o resemblance_n more_o or_o less_o when_o any_o one_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a officer_n die_v the_o king_n send_v away_o post_v a_o mandarine_a of_o the_o court_n to_o solemnize_v his_o funeral_n and_o this_o not_o only_o to_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o even_o out_o of_o it_o as_o to_o the_o island_n of_o hainam_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1617._o at_o what_o time_n i_o speak_v with_o he_o who_o be_v send_v hither_o by_o the_o king_n only_o for_o that_o purpose_n the_o king_n also_o after_o his_o death_n bestow_v the_o office_n of_o a_o mandarine_a upon_o his_o son_n or_o nephew_n and_o if_o the_o decease_a person_n be_v a_o colao_n he_o bestow_v the_o like_a honour_n upon_o all_o his_o son_n or_o nephew_n who_o if_o they_o give_v a_o good_a testimony_n of_o their_o ability_n in_o their_o government_n be_v advance_v yet_o high_a and_o come_v to_o be_v governor_n of_o city_n the_o palace_n where_o they_o inhabit_v be_v large_a convenient_a and_o stately_a their_o tribunal_n where_o they_o do_v justice_n be_v magnificent_o adorn_v and_o attend_v by_o great_a store_n of_o officer_n in_o the_o city_n of_o nankim_n beside_o many_o other_o there_o be_v five_o tribunal_n four_o of_o the_o four_o wind_n for_o so_o they_o call_v they_o and_o they_o be_v according_o place_v in_o the_o city_n towards_o the_o north_n towards_o the_o south_n etc._n etc._n the_o five_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o city_n yet_o be_v they_o inferior_a tribunal_n for_o every_o one_o have_v a_o precedent_n and_o two_o collateral_n and_o the_o precedent_n be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o doctor_n and_o the_o two_o collateral_n be_v either_o simple_a bachelor_n or_o else_o raise_v from_o the_o office_n of_o notary_n it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o small_a and_o ordinary_a cause_n these_o be_v the_o hand_n and_o foot_n of_o the_o mandarines_n be_v faithful_a and_o diligent_a executer_n of_o whatsoever_o they_o command_v they_o there_o be_v in_o every_o one_o of_o these_o tribunal_n more_o than_o 300_o man_n who_o serve_v they_o as_o notary_n clerk_n and_o sergeant_n some_o to_o apprehend_v man_n other_o to_o whip_v they_o other_o to_z carry_z letter_n and_o writing_n and_o such_o other_o commission_n but_o they_o do_v not_o
shine_v like_o fly_a light_n he_o lay_v out_o his_o whole_a strength_n upon_o work_n of_o charity_n every_o year_n he_o assemble_v the_o priest_n of_o the_o four_o church_n serve_v they_o with_o a_o good_a heart_n and_o make_v they_o honourable_a entertainment_n for_o the_o space_n of_o fifty_o day_n he_o say_v the_o hungry_a clothe_v the_o naked_a cure_v the_o sick_a and_o bury_v the_o dead_a xiiii_o in_o the_o time_n of_o ta_o so_o with_o all_o his_o parsimony_n there_o be_v not_o such_o goodness_n as_o this_o to_o be_v see_v but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o law_n we_o see_v such_o man_n who_o do_v such_o good_a work_n as_o these_o for_o this_o reason_n have_v i_o grave_v this_o stone_n that_o thereby_o they_o may_v be_v publish_v i_o say_v then_o that_o the_o true_a god_n have_v no_o beginning_n but_o be_v pure_a and_o quiet_a be_v always_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n he_o be_v the_o first_o artificer_n of_o the_o creation_n he_o uncovered_v the_o earth_n and_o elevate_v the_o heaven_n one_o of_o the_o three_o person_n make_v himself_o man_n for_o our_o eternal_a salvation_n he_o ascend_v like_o the_o sun_n on_o high_a and_o defeat_v darkness_n in_o every_o thing_n he_o do_v discover_v the_o profound_a truth_n xv_o the_o illustrious_a king_n be_v real_o the_o first_o of_o the_o first_o make_v use_n of_o a_o fit_a time_n put_v a_o stop_n to_o man_n invention_n the_o heaven_n be_v dilate_v and_o the_o earth_n extend_v most_o bright_a be_v our_o law_n the_o which_o when_o tamburlaine_n come_v to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o propagate_v the_o doctrine_n and_o build_v church_n be_v as_o a_o bark_n both_o for_o the_o live_n and_o the_o dead_a and_o give_v rest_n to_o the_o whole_a world_n xvi_o caozum_fw-la follow_v the_o example_n of_o his_o grandfather_n build_v new_a church_n the_o beautiful_a temple_n of_o peace_n fill_v the_o whole_a earth_n the_o true_a law_n be_v illustrate_v he_o give_v a_o title_n of_o honour_n to_o the_o bishop_n and_o man_n enjoy_v repose_v xvii_o the_o wise_a king_n he_o vin_fw-fr zum_fw-ge follow_v the_o right_a way_n the_o royal_a table_n be_v illustrious_a the_o kingly_a letter_n shine_v therein_o the_o picture_n of_o the_o king_n give_v light_a on_o high_a and_o all_o the_o people_n do_v reverence_v they_o and_o all_o man_n have_v joy_n and_o gladness_n xviii_o when_o so_o zum_fw-ge reign_v he_o come_v in_o person_n to_o the_o church_n the_o holy_a sun_n do_v shine_v and_o the_o bright_a cloud_n sweep_v away_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n prosperity_n be_v unite_v to_o the_o royal_a family_n misfortune_n cease_v the_o heat_n of_o dissension_n be_v abate_v he_o quiet_v the_o rumour_n and_o he_o renew_v our_o empire_n xix_o king_n taizun_n be_v obedient_a in_o virtue_n equal_a to_o heaven_n and_o earth_n he_o give_v life_n unto_o the_o people_n and_o advancement_n to_o their_o affair_n he_o exercise_v work_n of_o charity_n he_o offer_v perfume_n to_o the_o church_n the_o sun_n and_o moon_n be_v unite_v in_o his_o person_n xx_o when_o king_n kien_fw-fr chum_n reign_v he_o do_v illustrate_v famous_a virtue_n and_o with_o his_o arm_n restore_v peace_n to_o the_o four_o sea_n and_o with_o his_o learning_n he_o pacify_v 10000_o confine_n as_o a_o torch_n he_o do_v enlighten_v the_o secret_n of_o man_n he_o see_v all_o thing_n as_o in_o a_o glass_n he_o receive_v the_o barbarian_n who_o all_o take_v rule_n from_o he_o xxi_o the_o law_n be_v great_a and_o perfect_a and_o extend_v itself_o to_o all_o thing_n desire_v to_o frame_v a_o name_n for_o it_o i_o can_v but_o call_v it_o the_o divine_a law_n king_n know_v best_a to_o dispose_v their_o affair_n i_o who_o be_o a_o subject_n can_v only_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v recite_v on_o this_o rich_a stone_n for_o to_o magnify_v our_o great_a felicity_n xxii_o in_o the_o empire_n of_o great_a tamburlaine_n the_o second_o year_n of_o kien_n chum_n the_o seven_o day_n of_o the_o month_n of_o autumn_n be_v this_o stone_n erect_v nin_n ciu_o being_n bishop_n and_o govern_v the_o church_n of_o china_n the_o mandarine_a call_v liù_fw-fr sicuyen_n entitle_v chaoylam_n in_o which_o office_n before_o he_o be_v tai_n cheu_n su_n sic_fw-la can_n kiun_n grave_v this_o stone_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n this_o be_v the_o interpretation_n of_o that_o inscription_n translate_v as_o faithful_o as_o we_o can_v possible_o out_o of_o the_o chinesse_n phrase_n it_o will_v not_o be_v impertinent_a now_o to_o make_v some_o annotation_n upon_o the_o text_n have_v forbear_v on_o purpose_n to_o do_v it_o before_o that_o i_o may_v not_o break_v the_o thread_n of_o the_o discourse_n and_o therefore_o we_o will_v take_v the_o paragraph_n in_o order_n note_v the_o word_n which_o we_o will_v explain_v and_o give_v some_o advertisement_n upon_o they_o i_o giudaea_n this_o word_n be_v write_v just_a thus_o without_o any_o other_o difference_n but_o that_o the_o character_n be_v chinesse_n the_o same_o be_v find_v also_o in_o the_o other_o word_n or_o name_n of_o satanas_n and_o messiah_n which_o be_v in_o the_o three_o and_o iiii_o paragraph_n two_o olooyu_n this_o word_n be_v write_v just_a thus_o in_o the_o stone_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a he_o mean_v eloi_n which_o be_v a_o name_n of_o god_n the_o two_o principal_n of_o which_o he_o speak_v afterward_o be_v matter_n and_o form_n according_a to_o their_o philosophy_n iii_o the_o kingdom_n of_o pozu_n in_o the_o chinesse_n map_n lie_v east_n of_o judea_n the_o 24_o saint_n may_v well_o be_v the_o four_o great_a prophet_n the_o twelve_o small_a prophet_n abraham_n isaac_n jacob_n job_n moses_n joshua_n david_n and_o zacharias_n the_o father_n of_o john_n the_o baptist_n who_o put_v together_o make_v up_o that_o number_n and_o have_v speak_v the_o plain_a concern_v the_o come_n of_o christ._n iv_o he_o conquer_v the_o seat_n etc._n etc._n it_o seem_v that_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o redeemer_n descent_n into_o hell_n twenty_o seven_o book_n it_o be_v probable_a he_o mean_v the_o new_a testament_n that_o be_v the_o four_o evangelist_n the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n the_o fourteen_o epistle_n of_o s._n paul_n one_o of_o s._n james_n two_o of_o s._n peter_n three_o of_o s._n john_n one_o of_o s._n jude_n and_o the_o revelation_n v_o seven_o time_n a_o day_n they_o offer_v etc._n etc._n he_o seem_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o seven_o canonical_a hour_n every_o seven_o day_n etc._n etc._n signify_v the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o mass_n which_o be_v celebrate_v every_o lord_n day_n vi_o vii_o the_o year_n of_o chim_z quom_fw-la etc._n etc._n according_a to_o the_o computation_n of_o their_o history_n it_o be_v the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 636._o weaken_v the_o monarchy_n etc._n etc._n this_o clause_n be_v a_o elegy_n give_v to_o that_o prince_n by_o the_o author_n of_o this_o inscription_n be_v carry_v in_o a_o black_a chariot_n towards_o the_o west_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o it_o go_v away_o out_o of_o china_n viii_o caozum_fw-la it_o appear_v by_o their_o book_n that_o he_o reign_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 651._o ix_o ximlie_o according_a to_o the_o christian_a computation_n be_v the_o year_n 699._o tumcheu_fw-la the_o opinion_n of_o the_o translator_n be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o particular_a place_n in_o the_o province_n of_o honam_fw-la sien_n tien_n be_v the_o year_n 712._o sicham_n call_v at_o present_a sigam_n be_v the_o ancient_a court_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xemsi_n x_o king_n he_o venus_n zum_fw-ge etc._n etc._n begin_v to_o reign_v in_o the_o year_n 714._o tien_n pao_n live_v in_o the_o year_n 745._o cao_n lie_v sic_fw-la be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o eunuch_n who_o be_v very_o powerful_a with_o that_o king_n the_o bearâ—s_v etc._n etc._n this_o clause_n be_v another_o elegy_n make_v by_o the_o author_n of_o those_o king_n the_o dragon_n etc._n etc._n according_a to_o the_o interpreter_n this_o be_v a_o ancient_a fable_n of_o that_o kingdom_n which_o relate_v that_o one_o of_o their_o king_n rid_v through_o the_o air_n mount_v upon_o that_o beast_n which_o his_o subject_n who_o accompany_v he_o have_v lade_v with_o their_o arm_n but_o they_o which_o come_v after_o pluck_v off_o the_o beard_n of_o the_o dragon_n and_o take_v some_o of_o the_o arm_n that_o these_o may_v remain_v by_o they_o as_o a_o memorial_n of_o that_o prince_n who_o they_o do_v fancy_n to_o be_v present_a with_o they_o in_o these_o relic_n this_o fable_n may_v haply_o take_v its_o orginall_a from_o the_o custom_n which_o their_o king_n have_v of_o embroyder_a dragon_n on_o their_o garment_n and_o other_o thing_n which_o belong_v to_o they_o the_o three_o year_n of_o tien_n pao_n etc._n etc._n fall_v out_o according_a to_o our_o account_n to_o be_v the_o year_n 745._o sozun_fw-mi venus_n mim_n reign_v in_o the_o
with_o three_o piece_n of_o cannon_n and_o because_o the_o mountain_n of_o our_o lady_n della_fw-it guida_n command_v both_o the_o bulwark_n of_o st._n paul_n and_o the_o city_n it_o be_v fortify_v in_o the_o year_n 1637_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o rock_n of_o charil_n be_v it_o have_v ten_o great_a brass_n cannon_n the_o city_n be_v not_o great_a there_o be_v in_o it_o about_o 900_o or_o 1000_o portughess_n who_o be_v all_o rich_a and_o live_v very_o splendid_o there_o be_v many_o chiness_n christian_n who_o be_v clothe_v and_o live_v after_o the_o portughesse_n fashion_n there_o be_v also_o chineses_n who_o be_v gentile_n and_o be_v clothe_v and_o live_v after_o the_o fashion_n of_o their_o own_o country_n all_o the_o artisan_n of_o the_o city_n consist_v of_o this_o last_o sort_n as_o also_o the_o shopkeeper_n and_o retailer_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v in_o all_o about_o 5_o or_o 6000._o there_o reside_v also_o in_o the_o same_o city_n a_o auditor_n who_o be_v send_v thither_o by_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n and_o be_v superintendent_n of_o the_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n of_o that_o isle_n the_o trade_n with_o giappon_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o that_o of_o manila_n which_o be_v worth_a very_o much_o yield_v the_o king_n every_o year_n for_o his_o right_n and_o custom_n at_o ten_o per_fw-la cent_n many_o thousand_o of_o crown_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 1635_o it_o be_v worth_a to_o he_o 14000_o taus_n which_o be_v better_a than_o crown_n the_o city_n spend_v every_o year_n one_o year_n with_o another_o in_o their_o artillery_n gunpowder_n and_o the_o charge_n of_o their_o wall_n and_o other_o thing_n belong_v to_o their_o militia_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n of_o public_a account_n above_o 40000_o crown_n the_o right_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o fair_a of_o cantone_n at_o 6_o and_o 7_o per_fw-la cent_n import_v about_o 40_o or_o 50000_o crown_n the_o navigation_n to_o giappon_o with_o the_o present_n which_o be_v send_v to_o the_o king_n and_o other_o present_n to_o the_o toni_n of_o that_o island_n co_v between_o twenty_o and_o five_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o crown_n their_o house_n of_o mercy_n stand_v they_o every_o year_n in_o 8_o or_o 9_o thousand_o crown_n they_o mantain_n two_o hospital_n three_o parish_n church_n five_o monastery_n four_o of_o man_n and_o one_o of_o woman_n beside_o the_o continual_a alm_n which_o they_o distribute_v to_o the_o poor_a christian_n of_o those_o country_n and_o particular_o to_o they_o of_o china_n and_o although_o the_o ordinary_a alm_n which_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n allow_v they_o from_o goa_n have_v not_o be_v pay_v these_o 19_o year_n yet_o be_v they_o well_o relieve_v by_o the_o liberality_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o macao_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o lord_n do_v favour_v this_o city_n for_o their_o many_o almesdeed_n and_o for_o the_o great_a care_n they_o take_v about_o the_o service_n and_o worship_n of_o god_n final_o this_o city_n of_o macao_n be_v a_o continual_a seminary_n wherein_o be_v educate_v and_o bring_v up_o many_o of_o those_o labourer_n who_o cultivate_v not_o only_a china_n and_o giappon_n but_o also_o all_o other_o christianities_n of_o the_o neighbour_a kingdom_n it_o be_v also_o a_o sanctuary_n and_o place_n of_o refuge_n where_o in_o time_n of_o trouble_n and_o persecution_n they_o may_v all_o shelter_v themselves_o as_o it_o be_v in_o another_o moab_n be_v upon_o all_o occasion_n refugium_fw-la à _fw-la facie_n vastatoris_fw-la one_o of_o the_o convent_v of_o this_o city_n be_v a_o college_n belong_v to_o our_o society_n there_o be_v common_o between_o threescore_o and_o fourscore_o person_n in_o it_o more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o person_n they_o receive_v or_o send_v away_o for_o all_o mission_n be_v furnish_v out_o of_o they_o their_o number_n must_v needs_o be_v very_o uncertain_a there_o be_v in_o that_o college_n two_o lecture_n in_o divinity_n one_o of_o case_n of_o conscience_n one_o course_n of_o superior_a study_n two_o class_n of_o latin_a one_o school_n for_o child_n so_o numerous_a that_o the_o low_a form_n thereof_o contain_v above_o 90_o child_n of_o the_o portughese_n and_o people_n of_o that_o country_n out_o of_o this_o house_n which_o at_o the_o beginning_n be_v very_o small_a and_o the_o labourer_n there_o very_a few_o first_o come_v the_o soldier_n of_o this_o enterprise_n father_n alexander_n valignan_n of_o happy_a memory_n who_o be_v then_o visitour_n resolve_v to_o send_v some_o of_o the_o father_n into_o china_n to_o endeavour_v to_o convert_v that_o vast_a kingdom_n to_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n when_o present_o the_o first_o difficulty_n begin_v at_o the_o college_n itself_o a_o manifest_a prognostication_n of_o the_o many_o that_o shall_v happen_v in_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o work_n and_o execution_n of_o the_o undertake_n for_o to_o some_o of_o the_o father_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o knowledge_n and_o experience_n they_o have_v of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n this_o enterprise_n seem_v not_o only_o difficult_a but_o also_o rash_a and_o unadvised_a wherefore_o they_o advise_v the_o visitour_n not_o to_o set_v his_o mind_n upon_o it_o but_o our_o lord_n who_o bring_v wonderful_a thing_n to_o pass_v from_o weak_a and_o troublesome_a beginning_n will_v have_v this_o design_n put_v in_o execution_n father_n michael_n roggiero_n be_v the_o first_o who_o be_v name_v to_o take_v pain_n in_o this_o conquest_n he_o be_v follow_v by_o the_o father_n franciscus_n passius_fw-la antonius_n de_fw-fr almeida_n duarte_n matthaeus_n riccius_fw-la and_o other_o who_o come_v after_o and_o help_v on_o the_o work_n and_o like_o the_o foundation-stone_n of_o that_o building_n sustain_v the_o first_o weight_n thereof_o and_o great_a difficulty_n labour_n and_o trouble_n than_o any_o mission_n of_o our_o society_n have_v ever_o feel_v for_o the_o difficulty_n in_o new_a mission_n into_o kingdom_n so_o remote_a and_o different_a from_o our_o europe_n in_o language_n custom_n conversation_n diet_n etc._n etc._n be_v not_o ordinary_a neither_o can_v they_o be_v few_o but_o those_o in_o the_o mission_n of_o china_n do_v far_o exceed_v all_o other_o the_o language_n seem_v more_o difficult_a than_o any_o in_o the_o world_n be_v all_o of_o monosyllable_n curt_a and_o aequivocall_a and_o in_o this_o difficulty_n the_o father_n be_v without_o any_o master_n to_o teach_v they_o without_o any_o interpreter_n to_o explain_v what_o be_v say_v to_o they_o so_o that_o they_o neither_o understand_v other_o nor_o other_o they_o but_o by_o force_n of_o diligence_n and_o unwearied_a pain_n they_o go_v on_o conquer_a and_o gain_v ground_n and_o although_o they_o never_o arrive_v at_o any_o perfection_n in_o the_o language_n or_o good_a accent_n in_o pronounce_v it_o yet_o they_o discover_v the_o mystery_n of_o that_o tongue_n and_o set_v they_o down_o in_o so_o plain_a a_o form_n that_o they_o make_v it_o much_o more_o easy_a for_o those_o who_o come_v after_o they_o to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v the_o painful_a study_n of_o their_o letter_n which_o of_o itself_o alone_o be_v a_o business_n of_o incredible_a labour_n they_o be_v so_o many_o and_o so_o various_a and_o in_o this_o mission_n contrary_a to_o what_o be_v do_v in_o other_o the_o father_n do_v study_v they_o all_o with_o so_o much_o diligence_n that_o they_o have_v not_o only_o learned_a to_o write_v and_o to_o read_v their_o book_n very_o perfect_o but_o do_v also_o compose_v other_o themselves_o and_o have_v of_o late_o publish_v many_o to_o the_o great_a advancement_n of_o christianity_n and_o in_o truth_n the_o father_n in_o china_n do_v just_o deserve_v this_o praise_n that_o that_o language_n be_v so_o hard_o and_o they_o have_v the_o letter_n too_o to_o be_v study_v which_o be_v not_o very_o easy_a yet_o they_o do_v speak_v that_o language_n much_o better_a than_o any_o other_o do_v those_o of_o their_o mission_n for_o of_o themselves_o they_o be_v able_a to_o catechise_v preach_v treat_v and_o converse_v with_o the_o great_a mandarines_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o to_o speak_v to_o the_o king_n himself_o if_o there_o be_v occasion_n without_o make_v use_n of_o any_o one_o tongue_n but_o their_o own_o their_o endeavour_n in_o this_o particular_a be_v extraordinary_a and_o such_o as_o be_v not_o use_v in_o other_o part_n and_o our_o lord_n by_o his_o singular_a providence_n do_v sweeten_v this_o labour_n and_o season_v those_o difficulty_n they_o undergo_v for_o his_o sake_n with_o much_o joy_n and_o consolation_n moreover_o there_o be_v to_o be_v a_o general_a change_n throughout_o their_o whole_a body_n in_o their_o beard_n and_o their_o hair_n which_o they_o must_v suffer_v to_o grow_v very_o long_o in_o the_o fashion_n of_o their_o clothes_n in_o their_o manner_n of_o conversation_n in_o their_o custom_n and_o behaviour_n and_o all_o other_o
and_o close_v his_o eye_n as_o if_o he_o be_v enter_v into_o a_o sweet_a sleep_n he_o give_v up_o his_o soul_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o maker_n with_o the_o general_a grief_n and_o resentment_n not_o only_o of_o those_o of_o the_o house_n and_o of_o the_o christian_n but_o also_o of_o the_o gentile_n they_o all_o call_v he_o a_o perfect_a man_n a_o saint_n a_o apostle_n i_o will_v forbear_v to_o speak_v any_o more_o of_o he_o for_o brevity_n sake_n by_o reason_n his_o life_n be_v already_o write_v in_o the_o history_n of_o father_n trigaltius_fw-la chap._n 7._o of_o the_o burying_n place_n which_o be_v bestow_v upon_o we_o by_o the_o king_n and_o of_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n until_o the_o time_n of_o the_o persecution_n at_o nankim_n it_o be_v a_o custom_n among_o the_o chiness_n as_o we_o have_v already_o relate_v to_o have_v a_o particular_a place_n appoint_v for_o the_o burial_n of_o their_o dead_a the_o father_n who_o have_v very_o hardly_o a_o place_n allow_v they_o for_o to_o live_v in_o be_v altogether_o destitute_a of_o a_o place_n of_o sepulture_n wherefore_o they_o be_v in_o great_a doubt_n where_o they_o shall_v bury_v the_o father_n but_o the_o lord_n who_o be_v a_o guide_n unto_o he_o and_o who_o have_v a_o particular_a intention_n to_o honour_v his_o servant_n put_v they_o upon_o a_o very_a difficult_a undertake_n and_o as_o far_o as_o i_o be_o able_a to_o judge_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o china_n without_o his_o special_a assistance_n altogether_o impossible_a this_o be_v to_o petition_v the_o king_n desire_v his_o favour_n to_o have_v a_o place_n assign_v we_o for_o the_o burial_n of_o our_o dead_a and_o because_o it_o be_v the_o lord_n who_o have_v first_o set_v this_o business_n on_o foot_n without_o any_o consideration_n of_o the_o great_a difficulty_n which_o they_o be_v like_a to_o find_v they_o present_o frame_v a_o memorial_n to_o be_v present_v to_o the_o king_n wherein_o they_o lay_v down_o the_o reason_n which_o move_v they_o to_o make_v this_o humble_a request_n the_o very_a pass_v of_o this_o memorial_n according_a to_o the_o style_n which_o be_v requisite_a upon_o that_o occasion_n seem_v so_o impossible_a a_o thing_n that_o the_o colao_n himself_o who_o desire_v to_o assist_v they_o as_o a_o friend_n account_v it_o a_o very_a difficult_a enterprise_n nevertheless_o after_o they_o have_v recommend_v their_o business_n to_o almighty_a god_n the_o memorial_n be_v present_v to_o the_o mandarine_a to_o who_o office_n it_o belong_v first_o to_o over_o look_v it_o and_o the_o lord_n be_v please_v to_o favour_v we_o so_o far_o that_o it_o pass_v the_o chancery_n without_o any_o difficulty_n which_o at_o first_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o great_a when_o it_o be_v present_v to_o the_o king_n without_o doubt_n he_o that_o hold_v the_o heart_n of_o king_n in_o his_o hand_n do_v dispose_v and_o incline_v he_o to_o favour_v we_o and_o he_o remember_v the_o former_a present_n and_o the_o clock_n which_o he_o have_v always_o by_o he_o do_v refer_v it_o to_o the_o colao_n together_o with_o many_o other_o petition_n according_a to_o the_o style_n of_o that_o court_n and_o he_o to_o the_o council_n of_o rite_n because_o it_o be_v a_o business_n of_o stranger_n which_o do_v proper_o belong_v to_o they_o but_o after_o they_o of_o that_o council_n have_v consider_v it_o they_o judge_v it_o to_o be_v a_o special_a favour_n of_o the_o king_n and_o that_o it_o do_v therefore_o belong_v to_o the_o council_n of_o the_o king_n patrimony_n wherefore_o they_o do_v remit_v our_o memorial_n to_o they_o assoon_o as_o the_o father_n understand_v this_o and_o know_v they_o have_v no_o friend_n in_o that_o council_n and_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v expect_v from_o they_o without_o favour_n they_o make_v such_o mean_n by_o way_n of_o other_o friend_n that_o the_o memorial_n be_v not_o only_o remand_v again_o to_o the_o council_n of_o rite_n wherein_o the_o father_n have_v several_a friend_n but_o that_o they_o also_o do_v receive_v it_o and_o pass_v sentence_n in_o favour_n of_o they_o as_o according_o they_o do_v in_o this_o form_n your_o majesty_n have_v give_v command_n that_o the_o council_n to_o who_o this_o business_n do_v belong_v shall_v give_v their_o judgement_n concern_v this_o petition_n and_o it_o be_v come_v into_o our_o hand_n we_o have_v well_o consider_v the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o we_o find_v one_o which_o say_v that_o if_o any_o of_o those_o stranger_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o come_v into_o this_o kingdom_n shall_v chance_v to_o die_v by_o the_o way_n if_o he_o be_v a_o subject_n or_o vassal_n for_o sometime_o there_o come_v king_n and_o prince_n thither_o and_o be_v not_o yet_o arrive_v at_o the_o court_n the_o treasurer_n of_o the_o province_n where_o he_o die_v shall_v assign_v he_o a_o place_n of_o burial_n where_o there_o shall_v be_v set_v up_o a_o inscription_n grave_v in_o stone_n wherein_o shall_v be_v express_v the_o occasion_n of_o his_o come_n hither_o there_o be_v also_o another_o law_n which_o say_v if_o a_o stranger_n come_v into_o this_o kingdom_n and_o die_v after_o he_o be_v arrive_v at_o the_o court_n if_o he_o have_v not_o receive_v the_o king_n gratuity_n and_o reward_n according_a to_o the_o usual_a custom_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n shall_v defray_v the_o cost_n of_o his_o funeral_n but_o if_o he_o have_v receive_v his_o gratuity_n it_o shall_v be_v do_v at_o his_o own_o expense_n in_o order_n to_o these_o two_o law_n from_o which_o i_o can_v well_o see_v how_o a_o argument_n shall_v be_v draw_v to_o favour_v our_o cause_n because_o the_o father_n have_v already_o receive_v their_o gratuity_n the_o mandarine_n know_v so_o well_o how_o to_o make_v up_o the_o business_n and_o to_o find_v out_o so_o many_o reason_n and_o convenience_n to_o obtain_v that_o favour_n which_o father_n james_n pantoia_n require_v of_o his_o majesty_n for_o the_o burial_n of_o his_o decease_a companion_n that_o assoon_o as_o the_o memorial_n come_v again_o into_o the_o king_n hand_n he_o present_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o colao_n that_o he_o shall_v give_v what_o answer_n to_o it_o he_o think_v fit_a the_o colao_n draw_v it_o up_o in_o this_o form_n that_o it_o seem_v very_o reasonable_a unto_o he_o the_o stranger_n shall_v have_v that_o favour_n grant_v they_o which_o they_o do_v desire_v and_o so_o it_o be_v again_o bring_v to_o the_o king_n who_o sign_v it_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o put_v to_o it_o his_o fiat_n this_o expedition_n put_v a_o end_n to_o our_o trouble_n and_o the_o father_n cease_v not_o to_o render_v thanks_o to_o almighty_a god_n for_o that_o favour_n which_o they_o be_v so_o clear_o to_o own_o from_o his_o goodness_n and_o which_o be_v of_o so_o great_a importance_n for_o the_o father_n residence_n in_o that_o court_n and_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o concession_n of_o the_o king_n serve_v not_o only_o for_o a_o 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the_o history_n of_o that_o great_a and_o renown_a monarchy_n of_o china_n wherein_o all_o the_o particular_a province_n be_v accurate_o describe_v as_o also_o the_o disposition_n manner_n learning_n law_n militia_n government_n and_o religion_n of_o the_o people_n together_o with_o the_o traffic_n and_o commodity_n of_o that_o country_n late_o write_v in_o italian_a by_o f._n alvarez_n semedo_n a_o portughess_n after_o he_o have_v reside_v twenty_o two_o year_n at_o the_o court_n and_o other_o famous_a city_n of_o that_o kingdom_n now_o put_v into_o english_a by_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n and_o illustrate_v with_o several_a map_n and_o figure_n to_o satisfy_v the_o curious_a and_o advance_v the_o trade_n of_o great_a britain_n to_o which_o be_v add_v the_o history_n of_o the_o late_a invasion_n and_o conquest_n of_o that_o flourish_a kingdom_n by_o the_o tartar_n with_o a_o exact_a account_n of_o the_o other_o affair_n of_o china_n till_o these_o present_a time_n london_n print_v 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xamkiam_fw-la the_o four_o in_o the_o town_n of_o kiatini_fw-la beside_o these_o church_n there_o be_v many_o oratory_n and_o so_o much_o shall_v suffice_v concern_v the_o nine_o southern_a province_n chap._n 3._o of_o the_o northern_a province_n fix_v be_v the_o province_n which_o be_v call_v northern_a and_o their_o name_n be_v honam_fw-la xemsi_fw-la kiansi_fw-fr xantum_fw-la pekim_n and_o leaotum_fw-la the_o first_o lie_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 35_o degree_n as_o centre_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o produce_v most_o gallant_a fruit_n as_o well_o those_o that_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o country_n as_o we_o in_o europe_n nor_o be_v the_o cheapness_n of_o they_o less_o i_o buy_v for_o a_o farthing_n and_o a_o half_a 88_o apricock_n it_o have_v nothing_o else_o notable_a except_o a_o son_n of_o the_o king_n call_v fovam_fw-la the_o last_o of_o those_o which_o come_v out_o of_o the_o palace_n he_o live_v with_o so_o great_a splendour_n and_o authority_n of_o a_o king_n that_o to_o be_v such_o he_o only_o want_v the_o name_n and_o jurisdiction_n in_o caifum_fw-la the_o metropolis_n thereof_o we_o have_v have_v only_o for_o these_o few_o year_n a_o church_n and_o house_n but_o a_o good_a plenty_n of_o christian_n the_o second_o be_v xemsi_n it_o lie_v in_o 36_o degree_n and_o more_o to_o the_o west_n it_o be_v very_o large_a but_o dry_a for_o want_v of_o water_n as_o also_o be_v the_o three_o neighbour_a province_n notwithstanding_o it_o do_v abound_v in_o wheat_n barley_n and_o maize_n of_o rice_n they_o have_v but_o little_a all_o winter_n long_o they_o give_v wheat_n to_o their_o beast_n which_o be_v many_o particular_o their_o sheep_n which_o they_o shear_v three_o time_n a_o year_n once_o in_o the_o spring_n another_o time_n in_o the_o summer_n a_o three_o in_o the_o autumn_n but_o the_o first_o time_n of_o shear_v yield_v the_o best_a wool_n from_o hence_o come_v all_o the_o wool_n of_o which_o be_v make_v the_o felt_n and_o other_o thing_n use_v either_o in_o this_o province_n or_o elsewhere_o they_o make_v there_o of_o no_o sort_n of_o cloth_n not_o use_v to_o spin_v wool_n but_o only_a goatshair_n of_o which_o they_o weave_v certain_a stuff_v for_o the_o hang_n of_o their_o room_n in_o so_o great_a perfection_n that_o the_o most_o ordinary_a be_v better_o than_o we_o and_o the_o best_a be_v esteem_v more_o precious_a than_o silk_n they_o make_v likewise_o of_o goats-haire_n a_o very_a fine_a felt_n which_o they_o call_v tum_o and_o be_v make_v use_n of_o for_o garment_n but_o this_o be_v not_o make_v of_o every_o sort_n of_o goatshair_n but_o of_o a_o very_a fine_a hair_n which_o lie_v under_o the_o first_o they_o pull_v it_o out_o with_o great_a care_n and_o make_v it_o up_o in_o certain_a ball_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o ordinary_a loaf_n and_o then_o put_v it_o out_o to_o be_v wrought_v with_o singular_a skill_n musk_n be_v proper_a to_o this_o province_n and_o because_o it_o be_v in_o question_n after_o what_o manner_n this_o excellent_a perfume_n be_v make_v i_o will_v give_v you_o account_n of_o it_o according_a to_o the_o most_o diligent_a enquiry_n i_o have_v make_v concern_v it_o it_o be_v the_o navel_n of_o a_o animal_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o small_a stag_n who_o flesh_n be_v very_o good_a meat_n and_o only_o that_o part_n be_v take_v contain_v that_o precious_a matter_n but_o all_o those_o cod_n which_o be_v bring_v hither_o to_o we_o be_v not_o true_a and_o perfect_a navell_n for_o the_o chiness_n have_v learn_v to_o falsify_v they_o by_o stuff_v some_o piece_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o that_o animal_n with_o musk_n that_o be_v vitiate_a and_o mingle_v with_o some_o other_o thing_n here_o be_v also_o gold_n find_v but_o not_o in_o mine_n for_o though_o there_o be_v mine_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o king_n do_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o be_v open_v but_o out_o of_o river_n and_o eddy_n and_o although_o it_o be_v find_v only_o in_o small_a piece_n and_o grain_n yet_o be_v put_v together_o it_o amount_v to_o a_o great_a quantity_n there_o be_v infinite_a people_n both_o young_a and_o old_a which_o go_v in_o search_n of_o it_o there_o be_v rhubarb_n and_o profumo_n which_o be_v not_o find_v in_o any_o other_o part_n for_o that_o which_o come_v from_o persia_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v natural_a to_o that_o place_n for_o of_o as_o many_o as_o have_v travel_v through_o that_o country_n there_o be_v not_o any_o that_o give_v a_o account_n to_o have_v see_v there_o that_o healthful_a plant_n it_o be_v something_o tall_a with_o leaf_n big_a than_o colewort_n it_o do_v not_o grow_v wild_a as_o some_o have_v imagine_v but_o be_v cultivate_v in_o garden_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o care_n in_o this_o province_n be_v open_v
the_o three_o gate_n the_o which_o as_o i_o say_v above_o be_v a_o seat_n of_o much_o merchandise_n for_o it_o have_v two_o city_n in_o the_o border_n thereof_o gaucheu_o and_o sucheu_fw-la towards_o the_o west_n as_o machao_n be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o contone_n towards_o the_o south_n from_o whence_o come_v numerous_a caravan_n of_o above_o a_o thousand_o in_o company_n of_o several_a nation_n and_o province_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n moor_n thus_o far_o come_v brother_n benedict-goes_a to_o seek_v for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cathaya_n which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o china_n itself_o who_o voyage_n we_o will_v here_o brief_o relate_v he_o depart_v in_o lent_n the_o year_n 1603_o for_o to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o be_v report_v of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cathaca_n by_o order_n of_o the_o superior_n of_o india_n from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mogor_n and_o the_o royal_a city_n of_o laor_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o armenian_a carry_v merchandise_n as_o well_o to_o live_v as_o to_o pass_v with_o the_o more_o facility_n the_o whole_a caravan_n consist_v of_o 500_o person_n for_o the_o most_o part_n saracen_n and_o use_v to_o go_v every_o year_n from_o this_o royal_a city_n to_o another_o in_o another_o kingdom_n name_v cascar_n after_o a_o month_n voyage_n he_o arrive_v at_o a_o city_n name_v athu_n of_o the_o same_o province_n with_o laor_n thence_o in_o two_o month_n and_o a_o half_a to_o passaur_n and_o after_o another_o month_n and_o a_o half_a sometime_o travel_v and_o sometime_o rest_v he_o come_v to_o the_o city_n of_o ghideli_fw-la where_o he_o want_v little_a to_o have_v be_v slay_v by_o thief_n and_o final_o after_o 20_o day_n more_o he_o come_v to_o the_o city_n of_o cabu_n the_o most_o noble_a merchant-towne_n of_o all_o the_o country_n subject_v to_o the_o mogor_n from_o hence_o after_o some_o stay_n he_o pass_v to_o paruám_v the_o last_o city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mogor_n then_o travel_v for_o 20_o day_n over_o very_o high_a mountain_n he_o come_v to_o calcia_n a_o country_n of_o faire-hayred_n people_n and_o in_o other_o 25_o day_n to_o chema_fw-la where_o he_o be_v force_v to_o stay_v a_o month_n by_o reason_n of_o civil_a broil_n and_o after_o many_o trouble_n and_o danger_n of_o thief_n and_o banditti_z and_o have_v pass_v many_o country_n of_o the_o king_n of_o samarhan_n they_o come_v into_o the_o country_n of_o tengo_n and_o at_o length_n he_o enter_v into_o the_o metropolitan_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cascár_n call_v tanghesár_n in_o the_o month_n of_o november_n in_o the_o same_o year_n at_o this_o city_n which_o be_v a_o noble_a seat_n of_o merchandise_n for_o those_o kingdom_n the_o caravan_n of_o merchant_n which_o come_v from_o cabull_n end_v their_o voyage_n and_o a_o new_a caravan_n set_v forth_o from_o thence_o to_o go_v to_o china_n but_o our_o brother_n remain_v here_o first_o many_o month_n expect_v the_o time_n of_o their_o departure_n and_o have_v in_o the_o mean_a 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nor_o those_o of_o they_o that_o study_v be_v allow_v to_o come_v to_o the_o examination_n to_o take_v their_o degree_n about_o 20_o year_n since_o after_o many_o earnest_a solicitation_n make_v by_o they_o and_o opposition_n by_o the_o contrary_a part_n they_o have_v the_o privilege_n grant_v they_o to_o be_v admit_v to_o all_o examination_n and_o the_o examiner_n be_v oblige_v to_o confer_v degree_n on_o some_o of_o they_o but_o not_o to_o many_o the_o common_a people_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o all_o vocation_n be_v admit_v except_o those_o that_o be_v infamous_a as_o the_o servant_n of_o the_o mandarines_n not_o their_o household_n servant_n but_o those_o which_o serve_v they_o in_o their_o tribunal_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n sergeants_n bailiff_n catchpole_n rogue_n executioner_n and_o guardian_n of_o
most_o ready_a the_o six_o be_v that_o in_o their_o counsel_n of_o war_n of_o which_o they_o have_v two_o one_o in_o the_o court_n of_o nankim_n and_o the_o other_o in_o that_o of_o pekim_n and_o each_o have_v a_o precedent_n two_o collaterall_n and_o eight_o or_o nine_o colleague_n there_o be_v not_o one_o soldier_n or_o captain_n among_o they_o or_o any_o that_o have_v ever_o see_v the_o war_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o the_o whole_a militia_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v order_v by_o they_o especial_o by_o the_o council_n of_o pekim_n only_o there_o may_v be_v answer_v to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o the_o chiness_n do_v use_v train_v and_o exercise_n of_o war_n for_o three_o month_n in_o the_o spring_n and_o three_o in_o the_o autumn_n every_o year_n which_o can_v be_v do_v without_o some_o profit_n exercise_v themselves_o in_o shoot_v arrow_n at_o a_o mark_n and_o shoot_v also_o very_o well_o but_o in_o truth_n this_o exercise_n of_o they_o be_v the_o most_o ridiculous_a 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the_o government_n of_o the_o state_n require_v it_o the_o king_n answer_v i_o weep_v not_o to_o see_v these_o man_n prisoner_n nor_o to_o see_v they_o chastise_v i_o know_v very_o well_o that_o without_o reward_n the_o good_a be_v not_o encourage_v and_o without_o chastisement_n the_o wicked_a be_v not_o restrain_v and_o that_o chastisement_n be_v as_o necessary_a to_o the_o government_n of_o a_o kingdom_n as_o bread_n be_v for_o the_o nourishment_n and_o sustenance_n thereof_o but_o i_o weep_v because_o my_o time_n be_v not_o so_o happy_a as_o that_o of_o old_a be_v when_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v such_o that_o they_o serve_v as_o a_o bridle_n to_o the_o people_n and_o their_o example_n be_v sufficient_a to_o restrain_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n without_o any_o other_o chastisement_n this_o be_v a_o heathen_a who_o speak_v thus_o and_o who_o see_v not_o how_o much_o reason_n we_o have_v to_o envy_v these_o heathen_n who_o although_o they_o be_v exceed_v by_o we_o in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n belong_v to_o faith_n do_v yet_o oftentimes_o surpass_v we_o in_o the_o practice_n of_o moral_a virtue_n according_a as_o i_o have_v say_v the_o ancient_a king_n do_v personal_o attend_v the_o government_n give_v audience_n very_o easy_o and_o very_o frequent_o to_o all_o their_o subject_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n tham_fw-mi there_o be_v a_o colao_n who_o have_v be_v his_o master_n be_v very_o powerful_a with_o he_o who_o to_o preserve_v himself_o in_o his_o grace_n and_o favour_n study_v more_o to_o speak_v what_o shall_v please_v the_o king_n than_o to_o tell_v he_o the_o truth_n for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o state_n a_o most_o abominable_a thing_n but_o the_o chiness_n see_v his_o honour_n be_v great_a and_o the_o king_n favour_n towards_o he_o very_o extraordinary_a do_v dissemble_v it_o all_o notwithstanding_o they_o forbear_v not_o to_o speak_v of_o it_o among_o themselves_o and_o to_o tax_v the_o flattery_n of_o the_o colao_n one_o day_n certain_a captain_n of_o the_o guard_n discourse_v among_o themselves_o in_o the_o palace_n concern_v this_o point_n one_o of_o they_o be_v a_o little_a warm_v with_o the_o discourse_n secret_o withdraw_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o company_n go_v into_o the_o hall_n where_o the_o king_n then_o be_v &_o kneel_v down_o upon_o his_o knee_n before_o he_o the_o king_n ask_v what_o he_o will_v have_v he_o answer_v leave_v to_o cut_v off_o the_o head_n of_o a_o flatter_a subject_n and_o who_o be_v that_o reply_v the_o king_n such_o a_o one_o that_o stand_v there_o answer_v the_o other_o the_o king_n be_v angry_a say_v against_o my_o master_n dare_v you_o propose_v this_o and_o in_o my_o presene_a let_v they_o take_v he_o away_o and_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n when_o they_o begin_v to_o lay_v hand_n upon_o he_o he_o catch_v hold_v of_o a_o wooden_a balanster_n and_o as_o there_o be_v many_o pull_n of_o he_o and_o he_o hold_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o strength_n the_o balanster_n break_v by_o that_o time_n the_o king_n anger_n be_v over_o and_o he_o command_v they_o shall_v let_v he_o go_v and_o give_v order_n that_o the_o balanster_n shall_v be_v mend_v and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o make_v a_o new_a one_o that_o it_o may_v remain_v a_o witness_n of_o the_o fact_n and_o the_o memorial_n of_o a_o subject_n that_o be_v not_o afraid_a to_o advise_v his_o king_n what_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v such_o be_v the_o facility_n with_o which_o not_o only_o the_o officer_n but_o any_o one_o whosoever_o of_o the_o people_n may_v have_v admission_n to_o the_o king_n so_o that_o within_o the_o first_o gate_n of_o the_o palace_n there_o be_v always_o a_o bell_n a_o drum_n and_o a_o table_n overlay_v with_o a_o white_a varnish_n as_o it_o be_v playster_v over_o upon_o this_o he_o that_o will_v not_o speak_v to_o the_o king_n in_o person_n write_v what_o his_o request_n be_v which_o be_v present_o carry_v to_o the_o king_n but_o whosoever_o will_v speak_v with_o he_o ring_v the_o bell_n or_o beat_v the_o drum_n and_o present_o they_o be_v bring_v in_o and_o have_v audience_n the_o drum_n remain_v even_o to_o this_o day_n but_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o rather_o in_o memory_n of_o the_o time_n past_a than_o for_o any_o use_n of_o the_o present_a for_o during_o twenty_o two_o year_n time_n i_o do_v not_o remember_v that_o it_o be_v ever_o beat_v above_o once_o and_o he_o that_o do_v it_o be_v present_o pay_v his_o pension_n in_o ready_a bastinado_n for_o have_v disquiet_v the_o king_n who_o be_v about_o half_a a_o league_n off_o after_o this_o hard_a penance_n he_o be_v hear_v and_o allow_v not_o to_o see_v or_o speak_v to_o the_o king_n but_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n now_o in_o
those_o that_o come_v in_o or_o out_o as_o be_v abovesaid_a it_o have_v a_o precedent_n two_o assessor_n and_o seven_o counselor_n the_o five_o be_v of_o rite_n in_o more_o particular_a matter_n and_o in_o that_o it_o be_v different_a from_o the_o first_o but_o it_o have_v the_o same_o form_n with_o its_o assessor_n it_o take_v care_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o royal_a sepulcher_n of_o mountain_n grove_n and_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o they_o as_o singer_n instrument_n live_v creature_n for_o sacrifice_n etc._n etc._n moreover_o china_n have_v another_o tribunal_n which_o have_v only_a charge_n of_o the_o memorial_n which_o be_v present_v to_o the_o king_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o chancery_n of_o request_n so_o that_o such_o petition_n as_o be_v not_o approve_v of_o by_o they_o be_v never_o give_v the_o king_n this_o tribunal_n be_v the_o occasion_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o persecution_n of_o the_o christian_n 1616_o that_o when_o we_o will_v have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o law_n which_o we_o preach_v and_o of_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v impute_v to_o we_o our_o memorial_n can_v never_o pass_v it_o be_v still_o reject_v by_o they_o there_o be_v other_o three_o in_o the_o same_o form_n with_o several_a charge_n &_o office_n beside_o the_o abovesaid_a tribunal_n there_o be_v two_o more_o one_o call_v quoli_n the_o other_o tauli_n these_o although_o they_o have_v their_o eye_n upon_o several_a province_n each_o upon_o those_o matter_n which_o appertain_v to_o they_o nevertheless_o their_o proper_a occupation_n and_o principal_a office_n be_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o error_n and_o disorder_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o to_o advertise_v the_o king_n of_o his_o own_o fail_n if_o he_o have_v any_o as_o also_o of_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o mandarines_n and_o their_o government_n and_o as_o it_o be_v never_o hard_a for_o any_o to_o tell_v the_o fault_n of_o other_o yet_o these_o have_v a_o particular_a talon_n in_o it_o and_o do_v it_o with_o great_a liberty_n though_o many_o time_n with_o little_a justice_n their_o manner_n be_v to_o frame_v a_o memorial_n and_o present_v it_o to_o the_o king_n for_o those_o of_o these_o two_o tribunal_n do_v not_o pass_v through_o the_o chancery_n of_o memorial_n and_o then_o present_o as_o they_o call_v it_o fà _fw-fr '_o c_o heo_n that_o be_v to_o transscribe_v it_o and_o so_o to_o send_v a_o copy_n of_o it_o to_o the_o notary_n whereof_o there_o be_v many_o destine_v for_o this_o work_n these_o write_v many_o copy_n of_o it_o which_o be_v send_v by_o the_o next_o post_n from_o the_o court_n to_o be_v disperse_v through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v it_o be_v present_o know_v every_o where_o by_o who_o and_o against_o who_o this_o memorial_n be_v present_v &_o the_o misdeed_n contain_v therein_o of_o what_o quality_n soever_o they_o be_v assoon_o as_o this_o memorial_n which_o they_o call_v puen_v be_v publish_v present_o the_o magistrate_n or_o other_o person_n against_o who_o it_o be_v frame_v be_v oblige_v to_o do_v two_o thing_n whether_o it_o be_v with_o or_o against_o his_o will_n which_o be_v more_o ordinary_a the_o first_o be_v that_o he_o give_v in_o a_o memorial_n not_o in_o his_o own_o defence_n for_o to_o excuse_v himself_o be_v to_o show_v little_a humility_n but_o he_o must_v say_v therein_o that_o the_o tauli_n have_v great_a reason_n that_o he_o have_v commit_v a_o great_a error_n and_o be_v in_o fault_n and_o do_v deserve_v to_o have_v a_o penance_n lay_v upon_o he_o and_o that_o with_o all_o subjection_n he_o will_v submit_v to_o any_o punishment_n that_o shall_v be_v impose_v the_o second_o be_v that_o he_o present_o retire_v himself_o and_o leave_v the_o tribunal_n and_o so_o all_o act_n of_o justice_n be_v suspend_v so_o that_o he_o neither_o give_v audience_n nor_o end_v any_o suit_n until_o the_o king_n have_v answer_v his_o petition_n and_o declare_v his_o pleasure_n thereon_o the_o which_o be_v sometime_o in_o his_o favour_n and_o then_o he_o continue_v his_o office_n and_o sometime_o against_o he_o more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o his_o fault_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n if_o this_o way_n be_v execute_v with_o reason_n and_o good_a conscience_n but_o that_o it_o will_v be_v much_o in_o favour_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o good_a government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a side_n it_o be_v a_o open_a gate_n to_o many_o causeless_a trouble_n and_o disgrace_n it_o fall_v out_o many_o time_n that_o a_o mandarine_a in_o perform_v his_o office_n and_o acquit_v himself_o of_o the_o duty_n of_o his_o place_n do_v make_v himself_o many_o enemy_n some_o one_o of_o these_o if_o he_o be_v a_o person_n that_o have_v interest_n with_o any_o that_o be_v a_o officer_n of_o those_o two_o tribunal_n as_o kinsman_n friend_n etc._n etc._n he_o give_v account_n of_o iâ—_n to_o the_o court_n the_o memorial_n fly_v abroad_o and_o god_n help_v the_o poor_a mandarine_n when_o they_o be_v lesser_a mandarines_n as_o judge_n assistant_n to_o governor_n or_o mandarines_n in_o arm_n at_o one_o blow_n they_o lay_v he_o flat_a on_o the_o ground_n if_o they_o be_v great_a mandarines_n there_o be_v more_o difficulty_n but_o if_o they_o know_v how_o to_o find_v a_o hole_n in_o their_o coat_n and_o the_o tauli_n and_o quoli_n get_v he_o in_o their_o claw_n they_o never_o give_v they_o over_o till_o they_o have_v un-horsed_n they_o so_o that_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v hardly_o able_a to_o save_v they_o the_o like_a accident_n happen_v to_o that_o tyrant_n xin_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1626._o be_v xi_o kam_n in_o nankim_n raise_v a_o persecution_n against_o the_o christian_n and_o cause_v the_o father_n to_o be_v benish_v as_o shall_v be_v relate_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n he_o arrive_v afterward_o to_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o colao_n and_o cause_v four_o ensign_n to_o be_v hang_v out_o at_o the_o 4_o corner_n of_o his_o palace_n i_o be_v then_o present_a in_o the_o same_o city_n that_o be_v in_o hamcheu_fw-la and_o make_v other_o demonstration_n of_o extraordinary_a joy_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o the_o lord_n will_v chastise_v he_o for_o the_o persecution_n he_o raise_v against_o his_o elect_a or_o whether_o he_o deserve_v punishment_n for_o any_o other_o particular_a crime_n according_a to_o humane_a law_n or_o for_o both_o together_o assoon_o as_o his_o order_n be_v come_v and_o before_o he_o be_v depart_v to_o go_v to_o court_n there_o be_v so_o terrible_a a_o memorial_n put_v in_o against_o he_o that_o a_o christian_a mandarine_n tell_v i_o it_o will_v not_o be_v possible_a for_o he_o to_o hold_v up_o his_o head_n and_o so_o he_o be_v present_o glad_a to_o take_v in_o his_o standard_n and_o depart_v with_o ordinary_a ceremony_n he_o be_v notwithstanding_o a_o politic_a crafty_a man_n and_o have_v purchase_v with_o his_o money_n in_o the_o palace_n the_o good_a will_v both_o of_o the_o lady_n and_o the_o eunuch_n who_o be_v not_o wont_a to_o sell_v their_o favour_n at_o a_o low_a rate_n these_o do_v not_o only_o cause_v a_o memorial_n to_o be_v dispatch_v in_o his_o favour_n but_o use_v mean_n for_o he_o to_o be_v send_v for_o to_o court_n at_o length_n he_o go_v but_o after_o a_o few_o month_n there_o be_v another_o memorial_n give_v in_o against_o he_o and_o after_o that_o several_a other_o to_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o seven_o and_o the_o crime_n lay_v to_o his_o charge_n be_v such_o that_o the_o king_n can_v not_o help_v he_o so_o that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o quit_v his_o government_n and_o retire_v to_o his_o house_n beside_o these_o two_o tribunal_n there_o be_v another_o which_o be_v superior_a to_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o be_v the_o supreme_a dignity_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o which_o none_o do_v arrive_v but_o those_o of_o the_o royal_a college_n call_v han_n lin_n after_o they_o have_v govern_v a_o long_a time_n and_o give_v such_o testimony_n of_o their_o ability_n and_o integrity_n that_o never_o any_o memorial_n be_v give_v in_o against_o they_o they_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o colao_n they_o be_v common_o but_o four_o and_o may_v never_o exceed_v the_o number_n of_o six_o the_o old_a king_n grandfather_n to_o he_o that_o reign_v at_o present_a never_o make_v but_o one_o of_o they_o at_o a_o time_n say_v that_o more_o be_v superfluous_a these_o have_v no_o particular_a office_n but_o have_v a_o eye_n over_o the_o government_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n we_o may_v not_o unfit_o call_v they_o the_o supreme_a precedent_n of_o all_o the_o counsel_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a government_n although_o they_o be_v never_o present_a at_o they_o but_o assist_v the_o king_n at_o all_o dispatch_n of_o affair_n and_o now_o that_o the_o king_n do_v
not_o use_v to_o be_v present_a there_o himself_o they_o always_o assist_v in_o the_o palace_n to_o receive_v and_o answer_v all_o business_n and_o the_o memorial_n which_o be_v every_o day_n give_v in_o these_o report_v they_o to_o the_o king_n who_o pronounce_v the_o last_o sentence_n upon_o they_o these_o colai_n be_v very_o much_o respect_v by_o all_o the_o magistrate_n and_o at_o set_a time_n they_o do_v they_o reverence_v as_o to_o their_o superior_n in_o a_o public_a hall_n the_o colai_n stand_v up_o and_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o court_n pass_v before_o they_o in_o their_o order_n and_o when_o they_o come_v right_o over_o against_o they_o they_o turn_v towards_o they_o and_o make_v they_o a_o profound_a reverence_n to_o the_o very_a ground_n they_o call_v this_o ceremony_n quo_n tham_fw-mi that_o be_v to_o pass_v the_o hall_n their_o ensign_n or_o badge_n of_o honour_n be_v different_a from_o those_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o their_o girdle_n which_o they_o call_v yù_fw-fr xe_n be_v rich_o set_v with_o precious_a stone_n they_o only_o be_v allow_v to_o wear_v it_o and_o it_o be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o king_n as_o in_o europe_n king_n do_v use_v to_o give_v collar_n of_o their_o order_n to_o their_o knight_n and_o when_o they_o be_v sick_a it_o be_v only_o to_o these_o that_o the_o king_n send_v to_o visit_v they_o with_o regaloes_n and_o dainty_n from_o the_o palace_n and_o they_o do_v sufficient_o gratify_v the_o eunuch_n that_o bring_v they_o for_o the_o least_o they_o give_v he_o be_v fifty_o crown_n which_o be_v more_o in_o that_o country_n than_o 200_o here_o beside_o these_o supreme_a and_o general_a governor_n at_o the_o court_n who_o do_v not_o only_o govern_v that_o but_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n also_o there_o be_v likewise_o particular_a and_o ordinary_a governor_n and_o judge_n of_o every_o city_n and_o these_o observe_v the_o same_o manner_n of_o government_n as_o well_o in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o the_o other_o province_n as_o also_o in_o those_o of_o pekim_n and_o nankim_n where_o the_o two_o court_n be_v as_o shall_v be_v relate_v hereafter_o chap._n 26._o of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o thirteen_o province_n we_o have_v former_o speak_v of_o the_o universal_a government_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n which_o reside_v in_o the_o two_o court_n it_o followth_v now_o that_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o the_o particular_a government_n of_o the_o province_n every_o one_o whereof_o be_v a_o large_a kingdom_n this_o government_n reside_v ordinary_o in_o the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a city_n of_o each_o province_n in_o each_o of_o these_o there_o be_v five_o tribunal_n that_o have_v a_o general_a command_n over_o the_o whole_a province_n and_o distinct_a office_n among_o themselves_o of_o these_o five_o two_o be_v supreme_a to_o which_o all_o other_o both_o of_o the_o city_n and_o town_n be_v subordinate_a but_o they_o among_o themselves_o be_v not_o subject_v one_o to_o the_o other_o but_o be_v immediate_o subbordinate_a to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o royal_a tribunal_n these_o consist_v of_o one_o precedent_n or_o judge_n without_o any_o assistant_n or_o counsellor_n although_o they_o have_v many_o other_o officer_n the_o first_o of_o these_o two_o be_v the_o viceroy_n of_o the_o province_n who_o they_o call_v tut_o ham_n or_o kiun_n muen_n he_o have_v power_n over_o all_o the_o magistrate_n and_o people_n of_o the_o province_n he_o govern_v for_o three_o year_n and_o have_v constant_a post_n that_o come_v &_o go_v from_o the_o court_n at_o set_a time_n be_v to_o give_v account_n of_o whatsoever_o pass_v in_o the_o province_n he_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o city_n in_o great_a pomp_n and_o state_n when_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o depart_v the_o court_n many_o of_o the_o officer_n of_o his_o tribunal_n go_v thither_o to_o receive_v he_o other_o meet_v he_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o way_n where_o from_o city_n to_o city_n he_o be_v honourable_o accompany_v both_o by_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o three_o mile_n before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o city_n where_o he_o be_v to_o reside_v there_o go_v out_o certain_a captain_n with_o 3000_o soldier_n to_o receive_v he_o after_o these_o follow_v the_o magistrate_n and_o after_o they_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o people_n the_o second_o office_n which_o be_v also_o absolute_a be_v call_v cha_fw-mi ve_v we_o have_v no_o office_n in_o europe_n that_o be_v answerable_a to_o it_o he_o be_v as_o it_o be_v visitour_n of_o the_o province_n it_o last_v only_o a_o year_n it_o be_v of_o great_a rigour_n and_o much_o fear_v he_o have_v authority_n to_o take_v cognizan_n of_o all_o cause_v both_o criminal_a and_o civil_a of_o the_o militia_n of_o the_o king_n patrimony_n in_o a_o word_n of_o all_o he_o visit_v enquire_v and_o inform_v himself_o of_o all_o even_o to_o the_o viceroy_n himself_o the_o inferior_a mandarines_n and_o judge_n he_o may_v punish_v or_o turn_v they_o out_o of_o their_o place_n concern_v the_o great_a mandarines_n if_o there_o be_v cause_n he_o be_v to_o give_v in_o memorial_n and_o they_o be_v from_o thence_o forward_o suspend_v from_o the_o function_n of_o their_o office_n till_o the_o king_n answer_v come_v from_o court_n to_o he_o it_o belong_v to_o cause_v the_o sentence_n of_o death_n give_v through_o the_o whole_a province_n to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n in_o order_n to_o which_o he_o assign_v the_o day_n and_o the_o city_n whither_o all_o those_o that_o be_v condemn_v shall_v be_v bring_v to_o he_o and_o there_o he_o be_v present_v with_o a_o list_n of_o their_o name_n then_o take_v his_o pencil_n he_o mark_v six_o or_o seven_o of_o they_o for_o if_o he_o prick_v more_o they_o count_v he_o cruel_a these_o be_v present_o carry_v to_o execution_n and_o the_o rest_n return_v to_o the_o prison_n whence_o they_o come_v it_o belong_v also_o to_o he_o to_o visit_v the_o wall_n castle_n and_o public_a place_n etc._n etc._n he_o set_v forth_o with_o a_o great_a train_n and_o pomp_n have_v banner_n carry_v before_o he_o and_o other_o ensign_n of_o rigour_n and_o majesty_n this_o be_v usual_o every_o year_n there_o be_v another_o extraordinary_a officer_n of_o the_o same_o name_n he_o be_v create_v from_o time_n to_o time_n at_o the_o queen_n request_n he_o have_v great_a power_n and_o authority_n but_o it_o be_v only_o in_o favour_n of_o piety_n and_o mercy_n he_o visit_v all_o the_o prison_n of_o the_o province_n and_o free_v all_o such_o as_o be_v imprison_v for_o light_a fault_n and_o that_o have_v no_o prosecutour_n and_o all_o those_o miserable_a wretch_n that_o have_v no_o mean_n to_o free_v themselves_o he_o take_v into_o protection_n such_o cause_n as_o have_v be_v reject_v and_o party_n that_o can_v obtain_v no_o favour_n he_o revoke_v such_o sentence_n as_o have_v be_v unjust_o give_v he_o make_v himself_o protector_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o in_o a_o word_n his_o whole_a authority_n be_v employ_v about_o work_n of_o mercy_n the_o three_o office_n be_v the_o treasurer_n who_o be_v superintendent_n of_o the_o king_n patrimony_n through_o the_o whole_a province_n he_o be_v subordinate_a to_o the_o council_n of_o the_o patrimony_n at_o court_n he_o have_v two_o assistant_n one_o of_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o left_a each_o of_o these_o have_v their_o house_n and_o tribunal_n within_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o treasurer_n place_n he_o have_v under_o he_o 26_o lesser_a mandarine_n that_o have_v several_a charge_n and_o employment_n beside_o other_o officer_n great_a and_o small_a of_o which_o sort_n there_o be_v very_o many_o belong_v to_o this_o tribunal_n to_o he_o it_o belong_v to_o overlook_v the_o custom_n excise_n and_o other_o duty_n appertain_v to_o the_o king_n of_o what_o kind_n soever_o to_o regulate_v all_o weight_n and_o measure_n all_o suit_n controversy_n punishment_n and_o sentence_n appertain_v to_o the_o king_n patrimony_n or_o at_o least_o to_o remit_v they_o to_o what_o tribunal_n he_o please_v to_o pay_v the_o ordinary_a salary_n to_o all_o magistrate_n to_o the_o king_n kindred_n to_o the_o captain_n and_o soldier_n to_o provide_v all_o expense_n for_o the_o examination_n to_o furnish_v and_o give_v the_o badge_n of_o honour_n to_o all_o graduate_n to_o lay_v out_o money_n for_o the_o public_a work_n as_o bridge_n highway_n palace_n of_o the_o mandarines_n ship_n for_o the_o navy_n etc._n etc._n in_o a_o word_n he_o be_v superintendent_n of_o whatsoever_o be_v spend_v or_o receive_v of_o the_o king_n revenue_n immediate_o from_o the_o governor_n judge_n and_o tauli_n each_o for_o his_o own_o precinct_n and_o though_o the_o sum_n be_v never_o so_o small_a they_o must_v always_o be_v pay_v in_o fine_a silver_n which_o be_v afterward_o melt_v by_o the_o treasurer_n into_o ingot_n weigh_v fifty_o crown_n a_o piece_n with_o the_o
that_o the_o husbandman_n can_v not_o attend_v their_o plough_v and_o sow_v so_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o come_v to_o suffer_v great_a want_n it_o happen_v that_o a_o mandarine_n pass_v through_o that_o province_n as_o he_o come_v from_o another_o who_o have_v more_o zeal_n and_o compassion_n for_o they_o than_o they_o who_o govern_v there_o assoon_o as_o he_o be_v come_v to_o court_n he_o present_v a_o memorial_n to_o the_o king_n wherein_o he_o do_v so_o lively_o set_v forth_o the_o small_a importance_n of_o that_o chase_n and_o the_o great_a trouble_n and_o disturbance_n which_o it_o cause_v to_o the_o people_n that_o the_o king_n not_o only_o bound_v his_o curiosity_n and_o command_v they_o shall_v desist_v from_o take_v any_o more_o bird_n but_o also_o give_v liberty_n to_o those_o which_o be_v already_o take_v command_v the_o door_n of_o the_o aviaries_n and_o cage_n to_o be_v set_v open_a that_o they_o may_v fly_v away_o in_o the_o city_n of_o pekim_n in_o the_o palace_n of_o one_o of_o the_o king_n daughter_n who_o they_o call_v cum_fw-la chu_n there_o be_v one_o of_o her_o servant_n who_o be_v very_o insolent_a have_v commit_v many_o high_a crime_n and_o one_o among_o the_o rest_n which_o deserve_v death_n the_o mandarines_n much_o desire_v to_o apprehend_v he_o but_o in_o the_o palace_n they_o can_v not_o and_o he_o never_o go_v abroad_o but_o when_o he_o wait_v on_o his_o princess_n at_o length_n there_o be_v a_o mandarine_a who_o resolve_v to_o take_v he_o by_o any_o mean_n he_o can_v and_o to_o this_o effect_n when_o the_o princess_n go_v next_o abroad_o he_o with_o his_o man_n set_v himself_o before_o the_o coach_n and_o make_v they_o stop_v and_o then_o present_o lay_v hand_n on_o that_o man_n and_o carry_v he_o away_o the_o princess_n resent_v the_o afront_o that_o be_v do_v she_o return_v present_o to_o the_o palace_n full_a of_o indignation_n and_o be_v so_o transport_v with_o colar_n that_o she_o will_v not_o stay_v till_o the_o king_n come_v back_o from_o the_o audience_n where_o he_o than_o be_v but_o go_v thither_o herself_o in_o person_n to_o complain_v the_o mandarine_n be_v present_o send_v for_o who_o have_v put_v himself_o in_o a_o readiness_n well_o imagine_v he_o shall_v be_v call_v he_o present_v himself_o before_o the_o king_n who_o sharp_o reprove_v he_o he_o answer_v he_o sir_n i_o have_v do_v nothing_o but_o that_o which_o your_o majesty_n command_v &_o the_o law_n ordain_v but_o you_o ought_v reply_v the_o king_n to_o have_v seek_v some_o other_o time_n and_o opportunity_n i_o have_v seek_v it_o long_o enough_o answer_v the_o mandarine_a but_o i_o shall_v never_o have_v find_v it_o at_o least_o reply_v the_o king_n ask_v my_o daughter_n pardon_n and_o bow_v your_o head_n where_o there_o be_v no_o fault_n answer_v the_o other_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o pardon_n neither_o will_v i_o ask_v pardon_n for_o have_v discharge_v my_o office_n then_o the_o king_n command_v two_o mandarine_n that_o by_o force_n they_o shall_v bow_v his_o head_n down_o to_o the_o ground_n but_o he_o by_o strength_n keep_v himself_o up_o so_o stiff_a that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o they_o to_o do_v it_o so_o that_o the_o king_n be_v constrain_v to_o send_v he_o away_o a_o few_o day_n after_o the_o king_n give_v order_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o better_a office_n bestow_v upon_o he_o be_v much_o satisfy_v with_o his_o integrity_n i_o forbear_v to_o relate_v many_o like_a case_n which_o i_o may_v bring_v in_o confirmation_n of_o this_o the_o ten_o be_v the_o strict_a watch_n and_o ward_n which_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o city_n town_n and_o village_n in_o every_o street_n there_o be_v place_v a_o man_n and_o if_o it_o be_v long_o two_o or_o more_o who_o be_v appoint_v to_o take_v care_n of_o any_o disorder_n that_o may_v arise_v there_o in_o every_o street_n likewise_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o prison_n call_v lemphù_n that_o be_v the_o cold_a shop_n where_o upon_o a_o sudden_a occasion_n they_o may_v imprison_v a_o delinquent_n until_o notice_n be_v give_v thereof_o to_o some_o magistrate_n the_o eleven_o be_v that_o every_o night_n infallible_o all_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n be_v shut_v up_o as_o we_o have_v already_o say_v the_o street_n also_o be_v shut_v up_o with_o grate_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n but_o the_o street_n be_v not_o always_o shut_v up_o nor_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o city_n but_o only_o in_o some_o and_o that_o upon_o some_o certain_a occasion_n and_o occurrence_n the_o twelve_o be_v that_o person_n of_o honour_n and_o authority_n do_v bear_v great_a respect_n one_o to_o another_o and_o it_o will_v be_v account_v a_o great_a disgrace_n for_o any_o of_o they_o to_o quarrel_v with_o another_o open_o hence_o it_o happen_v that_o although_o many_o time_n they_o have_v occasion_n of_o disgust_n and_o hatred_n yet_o outward_o they_o always_o observe_v their_o decorum_n neither_o do_v they_o upon_o this_o account_n avoid_v any_o meeting_n that_o they_o may_v not_o come_v together_o the_o thirteen_o be_v that_o none_o do_v bear_v arm_n except_o the_o soldier_n and_o they_o only_o at_o their_o muster_n or_o when_o they_o do_v accompany_v the_o mandarines_n the_o common_a people_n who_o contrariwise_o do_v easy_o quarrel_v one_o with_o another_o do_v make_v use_v only_o of_o their_o fist_n and_o he_o that_o catch_v the_o other_o first_o by_o the_o hair_n gain_v the_o battle_n nay_o if_o they_o have_v any_o thing_n in_o their_o hand_n that_o may_v draw_v blood_n as_o a_o staff_n a_o piece_n of_o wood_n or_o iron_n or_o such_o like_a thing_n present_o they_o lay_v it_o down_o and_o go_v to_o it_o with_o their_o fist_n the_o fourteen_o be_v that_o the_o whore_n and_o courtesan_n who_o be_v many_o time_n the_o cause_n of_o great_a disorder_n do_v lodge_n without_o the_o wall_n neither_o be_v any_o of_o they_o suffer_v to_o dwell_v within_o they_o have_v no_o particular_a house_n but_o many_o of_o they_o live_v together_o with_o a_o man_n who_o have_v the_o care_n and_o government_n of_o they_o and_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o any_o disorder_n that_o fall_v out_o in_o their_o lodging_n the_o fifteen_o be_v that_o they_o forbid_v all_o commerce_n with_o stranger_n within_o the_o kingdom_n lest_o they_o may_v infect_v they_o with_o new_a custom_n and_o manner_n and_o disturb_v their_o ancient_a way_n of_o government_n which_o be_v a_o law_n that_o be_v in_o part_n observe_v also_o by_o the_o lacedaemonian_n upon_o the_o very_a same_o motive_n yet_o they_o have_v never_o prohibit_v ambassador_n from_o other_o kingdom_n and_o according_o many_o be_v receive_v who_o be_v send_v from_o the_o neighbour_a king_n only_o they_o lie_v this_o obligation_n upon_o they_o that_o when_o they_o be_v arrive_v at_o the_o first_o city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o be_v to_o stay_v there_o where_o the_o magistrate_n do_v treat_v they_o with_o all_o honour_n and_o respect_n and_o present_o give_v the_o king_n advice_n of_o their_o arrival_n who_o send_v they_o leave_v to_o come_v to_o the_o court_n without_o which_o licence_n they_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o go_v forward_o when_o they_o be_v come_v to_o court_n they_o be_v lodge_v in_o a_o particular_a palace_n whence_o they_o may_v not_o go_v out_o but_o in_o the_o manner_n we_o have_v above_o relate_v above_o all_o they_o have_v their_o certain_a law_n statute_n and_o ordinance_n by_o which_o both_o they_o and_o their_o kingdom_n be_v govern_v these_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o first_o consist_v in_o ancient_a rite_n custom_n and_o ceremony_n common_a to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o be_v contain_v in_o five_o book_n and_o be_v esteem_v to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v sacred_a of_o the_o second_o sort_n be_v the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n according_a to_o which_o justice_n be_v administer_v in_o particular_a case_n both_o civil_a and_o criminal_a concern_v all_o that_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o execution_n of_o they_o these_o be_v likewise_o very_o ancient_a and_o be_v all_o found_v upon_o those_o five_o cardinal_n virtue_n so_o much_o esteem_v by_o their_o ancestor_n and_o which_o be_v at_o this_o day_n hold_v in_o great_a veneration_n among_o they_o that_o be_v gin_fw-mi y_fw-fr li_z chi_fw-mi sin_n piety_n justice_n policy_n prudence_n and_o fidelity_n gin_fw-mi say_v they_o signify_v piety_n humanity_n charity_n reverence_n love_n and_o compassion_n which_o they_o expliane_n after_o this_o manner_n to_o esteem_v one_o self_n less_o than_o other_o to_o be_v affable_a to_o succour_v those_o that_o be_v afflict_v to_o help_v those_o that_o be_v in_o necessity_n to_o have_v a_o tender_a and_o compassionate_a heart_n to_o bear_v good_a will_n to_o all_o man_n and_o to_o use_v all_o this_o more_o particular_o towards_o
return_v to_o the_o viceroy_n at_o xaokim_n he_o will_v have_v pay_v the_o charge_n the_o father_n have_v be_v at_o in_o build_v their_o church_n and_o house_n which_o by_o no_o mean_n they_o will_v suffer_v he_o to_o do_v and_o after_o several_a contrast_n they_o obtain_v leave_v of_o he_o to_o dwell_v in_o another_o city_n belong_v to_o his_o government_n call_v xaocheu_fw-la with_o this_o permission_n the_o father_n depart_v from_o xaokim_n on_o the_o 15_o day_n of_o august_n 1589._o and_o be_v after_o a_o few_o day_n arrive_v at_o xaocheu_o they_o have_v enough_o to_o do_v to_o avoid_v the_o lodging_n which_o be_v offer_v they_o in_o a_o monastery_n of_o bonzi_n at_o length_n by_o god_n assistance_n they_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o city_n and_o be_v well_o look_v upon_o by_o the_o magistrate_n they_o build_v a_o house_n and_o church_n and_o begin_v to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n with_o their_o whole_a endeavour_n notwithstanding_o that_o they_o be_v ever_o accompany_v with_o 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so_o little_a fruit_n of_o the_o gospel_n at_o that_o time_n that_o the_o father_n judge_v it_o better_a to_o give_v place_n to_o time_n and_o for_o the_o present_a to_o leave_v that_o abode_n and_o to_o find_v out_o some_o other_o place_n better_o dispose_v to_o receive_v the_o seed_n of_o faith_n they_o proceed_v so_o far_o as_o to_o propose_v their_o intention_n to_o father_n nicolaus_n longobardus_n superior_a of_o that_o mission_n who_o will_v neither_o approve_v nor_o reject_v their_o opinion_n but_o remit_v the_o business_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o house_n at_o nankim_n where_o i_o be_v then_o at_o that_o time_n and_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n we_o be_v there_o in_o all_o nine_o of_o the_o society_n the_o matter_n be_v debate_v and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o of_o we_o that_o according_a as_o experience_n have_v teach_v we_o they_o shall_v proceed_v with_o patience_n and_o longanimitie_n great_a difficulty_n have_v be_v overcome_v by_o those_o weapon_n so_o without_o any_o more_o thought_n of_o change_n the_o father_n remain_v labour_v in_o that_o city_n not_o know_v the_o great_a good_a which_o the_o lord_n have_v there_o prepare_v for_o they_o and_o which_o time_n afterward_o discover_v not_o only_o by_o sound_v there_o one_o of_o the_o most_o numerous_a and_o best_a instruct_v church_n that_o be_v in_o china_n but_o because_o that_o house_n be_v ever_o a_o safe_a port_n to_o we_o in_o all_o tempest_n and_o a_o secure_a refuge_n in_o all_o persecution_n as_o shall_v be_v see_v hereafter_o christianity_n also_o be_v much_o increase_v in_o xaâ—hoi_n the_o country_n of_o dr._n paul_n for_o his_o father_n and_o all_o his_o household_n have_v be_v baptise_a and_o many_o other_o people_n of_o that_o place_n and_o although_o we_o have_v there_o no_o settle_a house_n there_o be_v nevertheless_o a_o church_n and_o every_o year_n the_o christian_n be_v visit_v both_o to_o confirm_v the_o old_a one_o and_o convert_v new_a one_o in_o the_o four_o 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litterati_fw-la there_o write_v a_o letter_n to_o father_n alphonsus_n vagnone_n in_o nankim_n where_o he_o be_v at_o that_o time_n superior_a which_o be_v subscribe_v by_o forty_o of_o they_o wherein_o they_o do_v invite_v the_o father_n to_o come_v to_o they_o with_o many_o prayer_n and_o entreaty_n and_o very_o earnest_o desire_v he_o that_o he_o will_v not_o defer_v his_o come_n &_o that_o good_a which_o they_o so_o much_o long_v for_o they_o do_v also_o the_o like_a in_o many_o other_o place_n whether_o the_o fame_n of_o our_o holy_a faith_n be_v arrive_v either_o by_o the_o book_n we_o have_v print_v there_o or_o by_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o gentile_n for_o these_o do_v sometime_o serve_v as_o a_o guide_n to_o the_o rest_n and_o i_o have_v once_o one_o of_o they_o who_o do_v help_v i_o to_o catechise_v or_o else_o by_o their_o conversation_n with_o christian_n themselves_o and_o this_o be_v do_v with_o so_o much_o fervour_n that_o real_o it_o seem_v to_o we_o the_o time_n be_v come_v wherein_o after_o all_o storm_n and_o tribulation_n be_v blow_v over_o the_o winter_n be_v pass_v away_o and_o the_o spring_n time_n begin_v to_o appear_v bring_v forth_o flower_n worthy_a the_o sight_n of_o that_o celestial_a gardener_n or_o rather_o that_o the_o crop_n be_v now_o ripe_a and_o expect_v a_o happy_a harvest_n the_o father_n be_v animate_v with_o these_o success_n and_o well_o please_v with_o the_o many_o occasion_n which_o continual_o present_v themselves_o be_v not_o spare_v to_o make_v good_a use_n of_o they_o hope_v that_o they_o will_v have_v be_v daily_o increase_v but_o who_o be_v able_a to_o comprehend_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o who_o have_v be_v his_o counsellor_n while_o thing_n stand_v in_o this_o prosperous_a condition_n whether_o it_o be_v for_o the_o sin_n of_o that_o kingdom_n or_o for_o we_o in_o particular_a or_o because_o the_o lord_n be_v please_v to_o prove_v and_o exercise_v his_o servant_n there_o be_v raise_v in_o nankim_n where_o that_o house_n be_v found_v with_o much_o quiet_a and_o have_v continue_v in_o great_a tranquillity_n than_o the_o rest_n the_o follow_a persecution_n chap._n 8._o a_o fierce_a persecution_n be_v raise_v against_o the_o christian_n in_o nankim_n this_o persecution_n which_o be_v the_o most_o terrible_a of_o all_o we_o have_v yet_o suffer_v begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1615_o upon_o this_o occasion_n which_o i_o shall_v relate_v there_o be_v this_o year_n send_v from_o pekim_n to_o nankim_v a_o mandarine_n call_v qui_fw-la xin_n to_o be_v a_o assistant_n of_o the_o three_o tribunal_n name_v lipu_n which_o take_v cognizance_n of_o all_o rite_n sect_n stranger_n and_o such_o like_a this_o man_n beside_o that_o he_o be_v extreme_o averse_a both_o to_o our_o holy_a faith_n and_o to_o the_o father_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a very_o
the_o father_n divide_v themselves_o and_o father_n francis_n sanbiasi_n go_v to_o the_o city_n of_o kiatim_o to_o dr._n ignatius_n who_o by_o that_o time_n the_o father_n arrive_v there_o have_v get_v ready_a the_o lodging_n near_o his_o house_n which_o serve_v he_o for_o a_o place_n of_o study_n and_o stand_v within_o the_o wall_n of_o his_o palace_n be_v very_o convenient_a for_o his_o occasion_n have_v several_a chamber_n and_o a_o chapel_n to_o say_v mass_n in_o and_o be_v provide_v with_o all_o necessary_a furniture_n and_o although_o that_o chapel_n be_v big_a enough_o for_o the_o reception_n of_o the_o christian_n of_o his_o own_o household_n yet_o nevertheless_o he_o do_v afterward_o build_v in_o the_o same_o place_n a_o fair_a church_n which_o though_o it_o be_v not_o very_o great_a yet_o be_v of_o perfect_a good_a architecture_n the_o father_n do_v afterward_o draw_v many_o people_n to_o they_o by_o their_o preach_n and_o discourse_n so_o that_o when_o i_o be_v there_o about_o four_o year_n after_o i_o find_v a_o well_o form_v christianity_n very_o devout_a and_o both_o man_n woman_n and_o child_n very_o diligent_a in_o hear_v of_o mass_n and_o sermon_n as_o also_o in_o confess_v themselves_o with_o such_o a_o affection_n to_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n of_o the_o altar_n that_o they_o seem_v even_a christian_n bring_v up_o in_o europe_n i_o forbear_v to_o mention_v many_o example_n of_o much_o edification_n refer_v my_o reader_n to_o the_o the_o yearly_a letter_n this_o house_n also_o serve_v for_o a_o academy_n to_o our_o people_n that_o come_v new_o over_o for_o the_o city_n be_v very_o private_a and_o have_v but_o little_a trade_n and_o the_o house_n be_v spacious_a and_o convenient_a they_o who_o be_v to_o study_v the_o chinesse_n language_n and_o letter_n do_v constant_o come_v thither_o so_o that_o the_o number_n of_o father_n and_o student_n who_o be_v chiness_n of_o macao_n who_o we_o breed_v up_o and_o instruct_v in_o virtue_n and_o the_o learning_n of_o china_n that_o they_o may_v afterward_o be_v helpful_a to_o we_o in_o propagate_a the_o gospel_n be_v about_o eleven_o or_o twelve_o which_o consider_v the_o time_n be_v a_o great_a number_n father_n catanaeus_n go_v to_o xanbai_n where_o he_o labour_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n confirm_v the_o old_a christian_n and_o add_v new_a one_o continual_o to_o the_o church_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n dr._n paul_n come_v from_o court_n to_o his_o own_o house_n and_o by_o his_o presence_n give_v a_o great_a liberty_n with_o less_o danger_n to_o preach_v and_o reduce_v that_o people_n so_o that_o the_o baptism_n grow_v to_o such_o a_o number_n that_o the_o father_n be_v force_v to_o write_v for_o assistance_n and_o to_o call_v a_o companion_n to_o he_o and_o sometime_o they_o be_v three_o and_o dr._n paul_n to_o enlarge_v that_o church_n do_v in_o a_o manner_n pull_v it_o all_o down_o and_o build_v it_o a_o new_a and_o so_o it_o continue_v to_o this_o day_n with_o a_o very_a numerous_a christianity_n belong_v to_o it_o at_o the_o same_o time_n begin_v the_o residence_n of_o xamsi_n which_o have_v at_o this_o day_n belong_v to_o it_o one_o of_o the_o most_o flourish_a christianity_n of_o all_o china_n it_o have_v its_o beginning_n by_o occasion_n of_o a_o christian_a name_v peter_n who_o go_v to_o be_v mandarine_a in_o that_o province_n and_o carry_v with_o he_o father_n julius_n alexis_n that_o he_o may_v be_v there_o in_o safety_n under_o his_o protection_n and_o that_o he_o may_v also_o prove_v the_o disposition_n of_o that_o people_n whether_o they_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o entertain_v the_o preach_n of_o the_o gospel_n in_o a_o place_n where_o the_o father_n have_v never_o yet_o come_v and_o although_o the_o house_n be_v not_o perfect_v at_o that_o time_n yet_o thing_n be_v put_v in_o such_o order_n that_o it_o be_v bring_v afterward_o to_o perfection_n with_o much_o facility_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v anon_o in_o macao_n they_o be_v more_o particular_o sensible_a of_o the_o success_n of_o the_o persecution_n and_o trouble_n by_o which_o four_o father_n of_o the_o two_o court_n be_v bring_v prisoner_n to_o that_o college_n nevertheless_o by_o the_o resentment_n of_o those_o trouble_n their_o desire_n be_v more_o inflame_v to_o enter_v afresh_o upon_o the_o work_n and_o to_o assist_v their_o brethren_n who_o remain_v behind_o expose_v to_o all_o danger_n and_o suffering_n labour_v under_o the_o heavy_a burden_n of_o the_o propagation_n of_o the_o gospel_n all_o the_o difficulty_n be_v how_o to_o get_v the_o four_o father_n back_o again_o by_o reason_n they_o be_v so_o well_o know_v there_o and_o be_v particular_o name_v in_o the_o proclamation_n for_o their_o banishment_n it_o be_v judge_v therefore_o more_o fit_a for_o they_o to_o delay_v their_o return_n for_o a_o while_n during_o which_o time_n the_o lord_n be_v please_v to_o take_v to_o himself_o the_o father_n of_o pekim_n namely_o father_n jacobus_n pantoia_n and_o father_n sabatinus_n de_fw-fr ursis_fw-la who_o have_v be_v the_o ancient_a labourer_n in_o that_o vine-yard_n be_v call_v first_o of_o all_o to_o receive_v their_o reward_n it_o be_v more_o dangerous_a for_o the_o other_o two_o father_n of_o nankim_n to_o return_v back_o again_o by_o reason_n their_o banishment_n be_v more_o public_a they_o have_v be_v carry_v before_o many_o tribunal_n and_o through_o several_a province_n during_o that_o persecution_n nevertheless_o father_n alvarus_n semedo_n who_o have_v live_v there_o a_o lesser_a time_n and_o consequent_o be_v less_o know_v return_v back_o about_o three_o year_n after_o have_v change_v the_o name_n and_o surname_n which_o he_o use_v in_o that_o country_n and_o about_o two_o year_n after_o that_o father_n vagnone_n do_v the_o like_a who_o be_v there_o live_v at_o this_o day_n in_o the_o court_n of_o xansi_fw-fr where_o although_o he_o be_v grow_v very_o old_a yet_o be_v he_o as_o painful_a and_o diligent_a as_o any_o young_a man_n whatsoever_o in_o this_o condition_n stand_v the_o state_n of_o christian_a affair_n which_o still_o prosper_v and_o increase_v in_o every_o place_n by_o the_o great_a industry_n and_o caution_n which_o be_v use_v as_o also_o by_o the_o protection_n of_o some_o christian_n of_o quality_n as_o likewise_o of_o some_o gentile_n that_o be_v our_o friend_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o ancient_a church_n be_v confirm_v and_o some_o new_a one_o set_v up_o when_o the_o second_o tempest_n begin_v in_o nankim_n which_o although_o it_o be_v not_o so_o great_a as_o the_o first_o because_o it_o come_v not_o to_o the_o king_n ear_n you_o be_v it_o full_a of_o trouble_n and_o vexation_n to_o we_o chap._n 11._o of_o the_o second_o persecution_n of_o nankim_n and_o of_o the_o martyrdom_n of_o a_o christian_a name_v andrew_n the_o affair_n of_o christianity_n in_o china_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o a_o calm_a and_o prosperous_a condition_n and_o we_o have_v almost_o as_o much_o liberty_n and_o as_o much_o fruit_n of_o our_o endeavour_n as_o we_o can_v reasonable_o have_v expect_v only_o in_o the_o city_n of_o nankim_n which_o be_v much_o distemper_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o former_a persecution_n there_o be_v always_o some_o trouble_n more_o or_o less_o according_a as_o the_o occasion_n happen_v but_o the_o best_a be_v that_o they_o be_v never_o so_o great_a that_o many_o person_n be_v engage_v in_o they_o in_o the_o year_n 1622._o in_o the_o province_n of_o xantum_n there_o happen_v a_o rebellion_n by_o a_o certain_a people_n of_o a_o sect_n which_o they_o call_v palien_n kiao_n whereof_o we_o have_v former_o speak_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n these_o assault_v and_o take_v the_o bark_n lade_v with_o victual_n which_o pass_v through_o that_o province_n to_o pekim_n and_o after_o that_o certain_a town_n and_o last_o of_o all_o they_o take_v a_o city_n where_o they_o put_v very_o many_o to_o the_o sword_n this_o news_n present_o alarm_v the_o neighbour_a province_n and_o especial_o the_o court_n whence_o the_o mandarines_n immediate_o dispatch_v order_n through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o the_o apprehend_n and_o chastise_v all_o people_n of_o this_o sect._n in_o the_o more_o remote_a province_n there_o be_v no_o great_a heed_n take_v to_o this_o proclamation_n but_o in_o the_o province_n of_o nankim_n which_o border_v upon_o that_o of_o xantum_n there_o be_v great_a reward_n propose_v to_o he_o that_o shall_v discover_v any_o of_o that_o sect._n it_o happen_v aâ—out_v that_o time_n that_o certain_a sergeant_n do_v molest_v and_o trouble_v a_o neighbour_n of_o a_o certain_a christian_a who_o go_v out_o to_o help_v he_o because_o he_o see_v he_o much_o injure_v without_o any_o pretence_n of_o reason_n for_o it_o draw_v they_o all_o upon_o himself_o who_o follow_v of_o he_o into_o his_o house_n with_o much_o rage_n and_o passion_n &_o find_v there_o a_o
please_v seasonable_o to_o supply_v our_o kingdom_n of_o china_n with_o store_n of_o father_n by_o reason_n the_o letter_n and_o language_n be_v so_o difficult_a to_o be_v learn_v for_o ere_o long_o your_o reverence_n will_v be_v so_o old_a and_o wear_v out_o that_o you_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o teach_v those_o who_o be_v new_a comer_n thus_o he_o speak_v and_o this_o be_v his_o opinion_n concern_v it_o and_o a_o good_a testimony_n thereof_o will_v appear_v in_o a_o letter_n which_o he_o write_v in_o answer_n to_o one_o which_o father_n mugnez_fw-fr mascaregnas_n the_o assistant_n of_o portugal_n have_v send_v he_o wherein_o he_o offer_v to_o send_v he_o whatsoever_o curiosity_n or_o rarity_n he_o desire_v out_o of_o europe_n to_o which_o point_n his_o answer_n be_v that_o he_o neither_o wish_v nor_o desire_v any_o thing_n but_o only_o that_o he_o will_v earnest_o endeavour_v to_o send_v more_o of_o the_o society_n into_o china_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o love_n he_o have_v for_o the_o father_n his_o zeal_n and_o care_n for_o their_o study_n and_o health_n do_v increase_v as_o also_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v well_o accommodate_v and_o that_o they_o shall_v know_v how_o to_o converse_v with_o those_o of_o the_o country_n in_o such_o term_n ceremony_n and_o compliment_n as_o be_v most_o esteem_v among_o they_o admonish_v and_o instruct_v we_o with_o great_a confidence_n upon_o all_o occasion_n when_o ever_o he_o see_v we_o mistake_v in_o the_o style_n of_o that_o country_n he_o have_v so_o tender_a a_o kindness_n for_o we_o that_o many_o time_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n he_o will_v open_v our_o gown_n before_o to_o see_v whether_o we_o be_v sufficient_o provide_v with_o clothes_n to_o defend_v we_o from_o the_o cold_a when_o any_o of_o we_o be_v sick_a he_o cause_v the_o medicine_n to_o be_v boil_a and_o prepare_v at_o his_o own_o house_n say_v that_o either_o through_o the_o ignorance_n or_o unskilfulnesse_n of_o our_o servant_n they_o may_v lose_v their_o force_n and_o so_o the_o sick_a person_n will_v receive_v no_o help_n by_o they_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n after_o a_o little_a discourse_n he_o can_v very_o well_o judge_v of_o the_o talent_n and_o part_n of_o every_o one_o of_o we_o and_o have_v a_o great_a facility_n in_o gain_v our_o affection_n he_o have_v a_o great_a esteem_n and_o affection_n for_o we_o all_o in_o general_a but_o much_o more_o for_o those_o who_o be_v new_o come_v and_o can_v not_o yet_o speak_v the_o language_n of_o who_o he_o have_v always_o a_o very_a great_a care_n much_o compassionate_v the_o labour_n and_o pain_n they_o be_v to_o take_v in_o the_o study_n of_o that_o language_n and_o the_o letter_n belong_v to_o it_o and_o to_o encourage_v they_o will_v much_o rejoice_v at_o every_o word_n which_o he_o hear_v they_o bring_v out_o when_o they_o begin_v to_o speak_v it_o he_o give_v they_o very_o particular_a instruction_n concern_v the_o manner_n and_o method_n they_o be_v to_o study_v it_o by_o he_o give_v they_o the_o name_n of_o the_o book_n to_o which_o they_o be_v most_o to_o apply_v themselves_o and_o many_o time_n he_o send_v they_o to_o they_o write_v in_o his_o own_o hand_n concern_v the_o point_n and_o stroke_n of_o which_o in_o china_n there_o be_v a_o particular_a science_n it_o be_v a_o incredible_a consolation_n and_o true_o do_v cause_v no_o less_o than_o our_o admiration_n to_o hear_v the_o two_o doctor_n leo_n and_o michael_n together_o when_o they_o come_v both_o at_o once_o as_o they_o do_v often_o to_o our_o house_n for_o they_o scarce_o speak_v of_o any_o thing_n else_o but_o of_o the_o way_n how_o to_o propagate_v the_o gospel_n and_o how_o to_o protect_v defend_v and_o authorise_v the_o preacher_n thereof_o throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n consult_v with_o themselves_o to_o which_o of_o their_o friend_n they_o shall_v recommend_v they_o what_o book_n they_o will_v advise_v they_o to_o write_v to_o which_o province_n it_o be_v best_a to_o go_v first_o and_o which_o father_n be_v fit_a to_o be_v require_v of_o the_o superior_a for_o such_o a_o part_n in_o the_o end_n all_o their_o consulation_n conclude_v in_o sigh_n say_v we_o be_v old_a man_n to_o morrow_n we_o shall_v die_v who_o shall_v we_o leave_v in_o our_o stead_n to_o carry_v on_o that_o which_o we_o have_v see_v begin_v in_o our_o day_n sometime_o transport_v by_o their_o affection_n they_o do_v imagine_v themselves_o to_o be_v then_o at_o the_o court_n inform_v the_o king_n himself_o by_o their_o memorial_n of_o the_o sanctity_n and_o purity_n of_o our_o christian_a faith_n and_o have_v obtain_v leave_n and_o authority_n of_o he_o to_o set_v up_o public_a church_n they_o do_v already_o in_o their_o imagination_n make_v choice_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o situation_n and_o design_v the_o form_n of_o the_o building_n otherwhile_o they_o fancy_v themselves_o to_o be_v accuse_v for_o this_o cause_n to_o be_v lay_v in_o prison_n and_o after_o that_o to_o be_v behead_v and_o all_o with_o so_o much_o courage_n and_o cheerfulness_n as_o do_v well_o show_v the_o esteem_n they_o make_v of_o the_o honour_n of_o martyrdom_n and_o the_o ardent_a desire_n they_o have_v to_o lose_v their_o life_n for_o the_o interest_n of_o god_n cause_n neither_o do_v he_o stop_v at_o discourse_n and_o desire_n for_o i_o can_v just_o affirm_v that_o of_o all_o the_o house_n and_o church_n our_o society_n have_v in_o china_n there_o be_v not_o one_o of_o they_o which_o dr._n leo_n have_v not_o help_v both_o to_o build_v and_o to_o preserve_v give_v towards_o some_o of_o they_o although_o he_o be_v not_o rich_a a_o considerable_a sum_n of_o money_n but_o that_o zealous_a love_n of_o leo_n be_v most_o remarkable_a in_o that_o occasion_n of_o recall_v the_o father_n to_o the_o court_n and_o city_n of_o pekim_n where_o they_o former_o reside_v he_o contrive_v all_o possible_a mean_n to_o effect_v it_o and_o make_v use_v of_o all_o opportunity_n and_o by_o reason_n that_o china_n be_v then_o infest_a by_o the_o tartar_n and_o the_o court_n of_o pekim_n in_o danger_n he_o take_v advantage_n by_o that_o occasion_n to_o remonstrate_v to_o the_o king_n that_o beside_o our_o learning_n and_o skill_n which_o may_v be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o he_o in_o this_o conjuncture_n of_o time_n we_o have_v also_o great_a power_n and_o interest_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o macao_n from_o who_o we_o can_v easy_o obtain_v a_o considerable_a succour_n of_o man_n and_o arm_n to_o his_o assistance_n and_o the_o better_a to_o persuade_v the_o king_n and_o his_o counsel_n to_o it_o he_o use_v so_o much_o rhetoric_n and_o produce_v so_o many_o and_o such_o apt_a and_o proper_a example_n out_o of_o their_o book_n and_o ancient_a chronicle_n wherein_o he_o be_v excellent_o well_o verse_v that_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o reader_n will_v receive_v much_o delight_n if_o i_o shall_v give_v he_o a_o little_a taste_n of_o that_o excellent_a memorial_n of_o his_o do_v not_o that_o brevity_n which_o i_o have_v tie_v myself_o to_o in_o this_o relation_n forbid_v it_o in_o conclusion_n he_o do_v and_o say_v so_o much_o that_o he_o obtain_v his_o desire_n wherein_o he_o receive_v no_o less_o satisfaction_n than_o we_o have_v and_o ever_o shall_v have_v obligation_n to_o he_o for_o it_o nevertheless_o he_o lose_v the_o great_a office_n he_o have_v only_o upon_o this_o account_n through_o the_o malice_n of_o his_o enemy_n who_o accuse_v he_o to_o the_o king_n though_o they_o have_v nothing_o to_o lay_v to_o his_o charge_n but_o the_o near_a friendship_n he_o have_v have_v with_o father_n matthaeus_n riccius_fw-la and_o that_o he_o do_v believe_v and_o profess_v a_o certain_a law_n which_o that_o father_n teach_v and_o which_o be_v different_a from_o the_o law_n of_o that_o kingdom_n but_o it_o please_v the_o lord_n to_o recompense_v he_o abundant_o for_o what_o he_o then_o lose_v restore_v he_o 4_o or_o 5_o year_n after_o to_o the_o same_o place_n with_o much_o more_o honour_n and_o fame_n throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n by_o mean_n of_o dr._n puul_a who_o be_v also_o a_o christian_a and_o of_o so_o much_o courage_n &_o understanding_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o assist_v and_o favour_v our_o affair_n bring_v it_o about_o upon_o occasion_n of_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o calendar_n he_o accept_v of_o the_o employment_n the_o better_a to_o enable_v he_o together_o with_o doctor_n paul_n to_o promote_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o so_o he_o begin_v his_o journey_n towards_o the_o court_n but_o beside_o the_o infirmity_n of_o his_o old_a age_n the_o length_n of_o the_o voyage_n and_o the_o excessive_a cold_a of_o the_o winter_n do_v so_o weaken_v he_o that_o not_o many_o month_n after_o his_o arrival_n he_o end_v his_o life_n on_o the_o day_n
name_n not_o only_o the_o occidental_a but_o the_o oriental_a tâ—rtars_n hitherto_o much_o unknown_a to_o we_o in_o europe_n contain_v the_o province_n sâ—mahania_n tanyu_n niuche_n niulhaâ—_n and_o the_o like_a from_o the_o lesser_a tartary_n and_o kingdom_n of_o cascor_n to_o the_o oriental_a sea_n above_o jaâ—ony_n where_o they_o be_v separate_v by_o the_o straight_a of_o anian_n from_o quevira_n in_o america_n if_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o straight_a and_o not_o a_o continent_n but_o it_o be_v not_o my_o intention_n to_o write_v all_o the_o war_n which_o have_v pass_v betwixt_o they_o but_o only_o of_o such_o as_o have_v happen_v in_o our_o memory_n and_o in_o my_o presence_n all_o the_o rest_n shall_v appear_v at_o large_a in_o my_o abridgement_n of_o the_o history_n of_o china_n and_o that_o we_o may_v proceed_v with_o more_o order_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o reflect_v how_o and_o from_o whence_o those_o trouble_n have_v their_o beginning_n it_o be_v therefore_o first_o to_o be_v know_v that_o the_o ancient_a western_a tartar_n after_o they_o have_v subdue_v almost_o all_o asia_n to_o their_o power_n china_n wage_v war_n against_o china_n of_o which_o paulus_n venetus_n and_o ayton_n make_v mention_n under_o the_o name_n of_o cataye_n and_o maningin_n and_o this_o before_o the_o time_n of_o great_a tamburlaine_n who_o never_o subdue_v china_n as_o some_o have_v false_o write_v for_o he_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n mccccvi_n in_o which_o time_n taichangus_n emperor_n of_o china_n and_o the_o second_o of_o the_o taimingian_n family_n the_o tartar_n be_v before_o beat_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n govern_v peaceable_o all_o the_o province_n include_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o that_o vast_a wall_n which_o before_o i_o mention_v but_o the_o war_n which_o paulus_n venetus_n touch_v betwixt_o the_o chiness_n and_o tartar_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n mccvi_o as_o their_o history_n and_o chronology_n testify_v which_o last_v 77._o year_n at_o last_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o year_n mcclxxviii_o have_v total_o conquer_v all_o that_o potent_a empire_n extinguish_v the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o sungas_n and_o erect_v a_o new_a regal_a family_n which_o they_o call_v juena_n of_o which_o tartarian_a race_n nine_o emperor_n by_o descent_n govern_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n for_o the_o space_n of_o lxx_o year_n in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n and_o about_o the_o end_n of_o that_o war_n china_n come_v paulus_n venetus_n into_o china_n with_o the_o tartar_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o write_n in_o this_o tract_n of_o time_n the_o tartar_n forget_v their_o ancient_a vigour_n of_o mind_n and_o warlike_a spirit_n which_o the_o pleasure_n and_o delices_fw-la of_o that_o country_n have_v quail_v and_o tame_v and_o be_v also_o weaken_v by_o so_o long_a a_o peace_n become_v of_o a_o soft_a temper_n and_o receive_v a_o deep_a tincture_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o native_n of_o china_n whereupon_o a_o contemptible_a person_n who_o be_v servant_n to_o one_o of_o those_o depute_a to_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o their_o idol_n call_v chu_n presume_v to_o rebel_v against_o they_o this_o man_n commiserate_v the_o condition_n of_o his_o enslave_v country_n and_o alsotouched_a with_o the_o ambition_n of_o reign_v first_o act_v the_o part_n of_o a_o thief_n or_o highway_n man_n and_o be_v of_o a_o generous_a nature_n bold_a and_o as_o quick_a of_o hand_n as_o in_o wit_n want_v neither_o courage_n nor_o art_n nor_o companion_n nor_o fortune_n to_o gather_v such_o a_o multitude_n as_o in_o short_a time_n make_v up_o the_o vast_a body_n of_o a_o army_n whereupon_o depose_v the_o person_n of_o a_o thief_n he_o become_v a_o general_n and_o with_o a_o bold_a attempt_n presume_v to_o set_v upon_o the_o tartar_n and_o have_v fight_v many_o battle_n with_o they_o obtain_v many_o singular_a victory_n so_o as_o in_o the_o year_n 1368_o he_o final_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n receive_v for_o so_o memorable_a a_o action_n the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n as_o a_o worthy_a reward_n of_o his_o heroical_a action_n it_o be_v he_o first_o erect_v the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o taxing_n and_o be_v he_o be_v the_o first_o emperor_n of_o that_o race_n style_v himself_o by_o the_o name_n of_o hunguus_fw-la which_o signify_v as_o much_o as_o the_o famous_a warrior_n after_o such_o a_o illustrious_a action_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o all_o the_o province_n submit_v to_o he_o both_o as_o to_o one_o that_o be_v a_o native_a of_o their_o country_n and_o also_o because_o they_o look_v on_o he_o as_o a_o man_n who_o have_v redeem_v they_o from_o thraldom_n for_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o people_n of_o china_n to_o love_n and_o esteem_v their_o own_o as_o much_o as_o they_o hate_v and_o vilify_v stranger_n wherefore_o he_o first_o place_v his_o court_n at_o nank_v near_o to_o the_o bank_n of_o that_o great_a river_n of_o kiang_n which_o the_o chiness_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o huge_a mountain_n of_o water_n which_o it_o discharge_v into_o the_o ocean_n call_v the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v speedy_o order_v and_o establish_v that_o empire_n fear_v no_o insurrection_n from_o these_o new_a redeem_a creature_n he_o be_v not_o content_v to_o have_v chase_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o china_n but_o he_o make_v a_o irruption_n into_o tartary_n itself_o and_o so_o follow_v the_o point_n of_o his_o victory_n as_o that_o he_o rout_v they_o several_a time_n waste_v all_o their_o territory_n and_o final_o bring_v the_o oriental_a tartar_n to_o such_o strait_n as_o he_o force_v they_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n to_o pay_v tribute_n and_o even_o beg_v a_o ignominious_a peace_n this_o storm_n of_o war_n fall_v chief_o on_o the_o tartar_n of_o the_o province_n of_o niuche_n whither_o the_o tartar_n of_o china_n be_v expel_v be_v retire_v afterward_o those_o tartar_n every_o year_n either_o as_o subject_n or_o friend_n come_v into_o china_n by_o the_o province_n of_o 〈◊〉_d to_o traffic_v with_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o be_v bring_v to_o poverty_n and_o misery_n they_o think_v no_o more_o of_o make_v war_n against_o china_n the_o merchandise_n they_o bring_v be_v several_a as_o the_o root_n call_v ginsâ—m_n so_o much_o esteem_v among_o the_o chinese_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o precious_a skin_n as_o those_o of_o castor_n martais_fw-fr and_o zibellâ—ns_n and_o also_o horsehair_n of_o which_o the_o chineses_n make_v their_o net_n and_o the_o man_n use_v it_o in_o tie_v up_o their_o hair_n as_o the_o handsome_a dress_n they_o can_v appear_v in_o but_o those_o tartar_n multiply_v so_o fast_o as_o they_o grow_v quick_o into_o seven_o government_n which_o they_o call_v horde_n and_o these_o fight_v one_o against_o another_o at_o length_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n mdl_o be_v unite_v into_o one_o kingdom_n call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o niuche_n thus_o stand_v china_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o eastern_a tartar_n but_o to_o the_o western_a tartar_n they_o pay_v tribute_n mask_v under_o the_o title_n of_o present_n that_o they_o may_v desist_v from_o war._n for_o the_o chineses_n esteem_v it_o very_o unhandsome_a to_o make_v war_n against_o any_o if_o by_o any_o other_o mean_v their_o country_n can_v be_v conserve_v in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n be_v teach_v this_o by_o their_o philosopher_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n tartar_n be_v over_o jealous_a of_o the_o enemy_n to_o their_o ancient_a riches_n they_o never_o leave_v that_o great_a wall_n which_o extend_v from_o east_n to_o west_n without_o a_o million_o of_o soldier_n to_o guard_v it_o therefore_o this_o kingdom_n of_o china_n be_v thus_o establish_v in_o the_o taimingian_n family_n china_n enjoy_v a_o constant_a peace_n and_o quietness_n for_o ccl_o year_n and_o whilst_o the_o seven_o tartarian_a lord_n or_o governor_n make_v civil_a war_n that_o renown_a emperor_n of_o china_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o vanley_n be_v the_o thirteen_o emperor_n of_o taiminge_n family_n govern_v happy_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n from_o the_o year_n 1573._o to_o the_o year_n 1620._o with_o as_o much_o prudence_n as_o justice_n and_o equity_n but_o in_o this_o time_n the_o tartar_n of_o niuche_n have_v so_o multiply_v and_o spread_v themselves_o china_n after_o incorporate_v into_o a_o kingdom_n that_o they_o become_v daily_o more_o formidable_a to_o china_n and_o therefore_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o border_a province_n consult_v private_o among_o themselves_o how_o they_o may_v curb_v and_o restrain_v these_o people_n within_o their_o limit_n for_o their_o governor_n have_v so_o much_o power_n and_o authority_n that_o although_o they_o live_v as_o slave_n to_o their_o prince_n yet_o when_o there_o be_v question_n of_o a_o common_a and_o public_a good_a they_o govern_v absolute_o and_o uncontrollable_o unless_o by_o some_o high_a power_n their_o order_n be_v restrain_v
enthrall_v and_o enchant_v the_o popularity_n to_o all_o which_o i_o add_v those_o fugitive_a magistrate_n who_o as_o i_o relate_v heretofore_o have_v flee_v to_o the_o tartar_n to_o avoid_v the_o emperor_n indignation_n and_o do_v not_o a_o little_a promote_v their_o cause_n for_o these_o man_n sometime_o by_o word_n and_o example_n do_v seduce_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o sometime_o suggest_v excellent_a counsel_n to_o the_o tartar_n against_o their_o own_o country_n and_o by_o both_o these_o mean_n advance_v themselves_o to_o high_a and_o eminent_a dignity_n among_o the_o tartar_n the_o same_o day_n some_o band_n of_o soldier_n be_v dispatch_v with_o order_n to_o proclaim_v usangueius_n a_o tributary_n king_n to_o this_o new_a install_v emperor_n which_o they_o perform_v with_o great_a magnificence_n add_v to_o his_o name_n as_o usual_o they_o do_v the_o surname_n of_o pingsi_n which_o sound_v as_o much_o as_o pacifier_n of_o the_o western_a world_n establish_v his_o kingdom_n in_o the_o capital_a city_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la this_o prince_n consider_v that_o he_o can_v expect_v no_o more_o honourable_a dignity_n from_o the_o lawful_a successor_n to_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n and_o that_o the_o tartar_n be_v come_v into_o the_o empire_n in_o so_o vast_a a_o number_n that_o he_o can_v never_o hope_v to_o conquer_v they_o find_v mean_n to_o dispense_v with_o his_o hitherto_o uncorrupted_a fidelity_n admit_v the_o dignity_n and_o submit_v to_o the_o emperor_n tartar_n and_o so_o he_o that_o have_v hitherto_o wage_v war_n for_o china_n against_o the_o thief_n now_o be_v force_v to_o march_v against_o china_n to_o subdue_v its_o province_n to_o the_o tartarian_a empire_n and_o as_o he_o be_v a_o great_a commander_n so_o also_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o tartar_n he_o quick_o drive_v out_o the_o thief_n from_o his_o little_a kingdom_n of_o xensi_fw-la where_o to_o this_o day_n he_o reign_v in_o the_o metropolitan_a city_n of_o sigan_n but_o by_o these_o honour_v the_o tartar_n remove_v he_o from_o the_o practice_n of_o arm_n who_o remain_v arm_v may_v have_v prove_v a_o dangerous_a enemy_n it_o be_v hitherto_o never_o know_v what_o become_v of_o licungzus_n licungzus_n some_o think_v he_o be_v kill_v by_o usangueius_n in_o the_o fight_n though_o he_o never_o appear_v more_o neither_o dead_a nor_o alive_a after_o this_o fight_n in_o which_o all_o his_o force_n be_v dissipate_v or_o cut_v off_o and_o with_o the_o same_o facility_n the_o tartar_n subdue_v the_o province_n of_o peking_n and_o xantung_n where_o they_o immens_o augment_v their_o army_n by_o the_o access_n of_o the_o china_n soldier_n and_o commander_n which_o submit_v to_o they_o for_o the_o tartarian_n admit_v all_o even_o the_o conquer_a to_o their_o army_n if_o they_o do_v cut_v their_o hair_n and_o wear_v their_o habit_n after_o the_o tartarian_a fashion_n for_o in_o this_o puntillio_n of_o habit_n and_o hair_n they_o be_v so_o rigorous_a as_o they_o proclaim_v it_o high_a treason_n in_o all_o that_o do_v forbear_v it_o which_o law_n do_v many_o time_n endanger_v they_o and_o disturb_v the_o whole_a frame_n of_o their_o affair_n for_o the_o chiness_n both_o grieve_v and_o fight_v more_o valiant_o for_o their_o hair_n and_o habit_n than_o for_o their_o kingdom_n and_o emperor_n so_o as_o many_o time_n they_o choose_v rather_o to_o die_v or_o lose_v their_o head_n than_o obey_v the_o tartar_n in_o these_o ceremony_n of_o which_o i_o can_v relate_v many_o example_n unless_o in_o this_o relation_n i_o have_v resolve_v to_o be_v brief_a province_n but_o all_o these_o little_a rub_n do_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o in_o less_o than_o the_o space_n of_o a_o year_n not_o count_v leaotung_v they_o have_v conquer_v peking_n xansi_fw-la xensi_fw-la and_o xantung_v which_o be_v the_o four_o vast_a northern_a province_n of_o china_n in_o all_o which_o they_o change_v nothing_o in_o their_o political_a manner_n of_o government_n nay_o they_o permit_v the_o usual_a custom_n of_o the_o philosopher_n of_o china_n to_o govern_v the_o town_n and_o province_n they_o leave_v also_o the_o same_o examan_n as_o be_v use_v for_o the_o approve_v of_o learned_a man_n for_o by_o this_o prudent_a counsel_n they_o wrought_v this_o effect_n that_o have_v give_v the_o place_n of_o honour_n and_o trust_v to_o man_n of_o their_o own_o creation_n they_o find_v they_o supass_v the_o very_a tartar_n in_o fidelity_n to_o they_o nation_n yet_o they_o keep_v the_o militia_n in_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o the_o order_n thereof_o and_o yet_o they_o stick_v not_o to_o admit_v even_o to_o these_o office_n such_o of_o the_o country_n as_o be_v faithful_a to_o they_o so_o as_o in_o the_o royal_a city_n they_o retain_v still_o the_o same_o order_n and_o degree_n of_o prefect_n together_o with_o the_o six_o high_a tribunal_n as_o they_o be_v establish_v in_o the_o former_a emperor_n time_n but_o so_o as_o they_o be_v now_o compound_v of_o chiness_n and_o tartar_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o news_n of_o the_o emperor_n danger_n come_v to_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o china_n and_o the_o prefect_n of_o every_o city_n gather_v together_o very_o great_a force_n march_v towards_o the_o city_n of_o peking_n but_o in_o their_o march_n they_o receive_v the_o sad_a news_n of_o the_o emperor_n death_n and_o the_o take_n of_o peking_n they_o therefore_o speedy_o call_v back_o their_o force_n and_o also_o all_o their_o ship_n which_o yearly_o use_v to_o carry_v provision_n to_o the_o emperor_n court_n a_o little_a after_o this_o they_o receive_v the_o news_n how_o the_o tartar_n be_v invest_v in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o proclaim_v emperor_n hanquin_n i_o be_v then_o myself_o in_o the_o great_a city_n nanquin_n where_o i_o behold_v a_o strange_a consternation_n and_o confusion_n in_o all_o thing_n till_o at_o length_n have_v recollect_v themselves_o the_o prefect_n resolve_v to_o choose_v a_o emperor_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o taiminge_n who_o they_o call_v hungquangus_fw-la this_o man_n have_v come_v hither_o fly_v from_o the_o thief_n out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n and_o be_v he_o be_v nephew_n to_o that_o famous_a emperor_n vanley_n &_o cousin_n german_a to_o zungchinius_n the_o last_o decease_a emperor_n they_o crown_v he_o with_o great_a pomp_n and_o ostentation_n hope_v for_o better_a fortune_n under_o his_o government_n as_o soon_o as_o this_o prince_n be_v choose_v he_o send_v â—n_a embassage_n to_o the_o tartar_n beg_v peace_n rather_o than_o demand_v it_o for_o 〈◊〉_d offer_v they_o all_o the_o northern_a province_n which_o they_o have_v take_v if_o they_o â—ould_v join_v in_o amity_n with_o he_o but_o the_o tartar_n well_o understand_v the_o policy_n of_o these_o prefect_n and_o counselor_n which_o be_v only_o to_o amuse_v they_o with_o a_o peace_n peace_n whilst_o they_o can_v recover_v their_o strength_n and_o force_n and_o therefore_o they_o return_v answer_v that_o they_o will_v not_o receive_v as_o a_o gift_n that_o which_o they_o have_v conquer_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n but_o see_v they_o have_v choose_v a_o new_a emperor_n they_o may_v do_v well_o to_o defend_v he_o but_o as_o for_o they_o they_o be_v resolve_v to_o have_v all_o or_o nothing_o this_o legacy_n come_v to_o nothing_o whilst_o both_o party_n prepare_v to_o take_v the_o field_n nankue_v appear_v at_o nankue_v a_o young_a man_n who_o give_v himself_o out_o to_o be_v the_o elder_a son_n to_o the_o late_a decease_a emperor_n zunchinius_n and_o he_o give_v no_o small_a evidence_n of_o this_o truth_n and_o claim_n nay_o he_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o many_o of_o the_o eunuch_n but_o the_o new_a elect_a emperor_n hunquangus_fw-la be_v strong_o possess_v with_o a_o ambition_n of_o reign_v will_v never_o acknowledge_v nor_o admit_v he_o but_o command_v he_o to_o be_v imprison_v and_o kill_v as_o a_o impostor_n though_o many_o of_o the_o prefect_n enrage_v to_o hear_v of_o this_o order_n china_n hinder_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o sentence_n but_o by_o this_o accident_n thing_n grow_v into_o a_o sedition_n and_o the_o dispute_n be_v so_o high_a that_o it_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o tartar_n of_o assail_a the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o nankue_v some_o of_o the_o prefect_n wink_v at_o it_o if_o not_o entice_v they_o underhand_o to_o this_o exploit_n the_o tartar_n vigilant_a to_o lay_v hold_n of_o all_o advantage_n hear_v of_o these_o emulation_n &_o division_n present_o march_v out_o into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o city_n of_o hoaigan_n and_o come_v to_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o river_n croceus_fw-la they_o pass_v over_o speedy_o by_o the_o help_n of_o their_o boat_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o this_o river_n stand_v the_o army_n of_o china_n which_o be_v so_o numerous_a as_o if_o they_o have_v but_o cast_v off_o their_o very_a shoe_n they_o have_v erect_v such_o a_o rampart_n
into_o his_o ship_n himself_o but_o know_v he_o can_v not_o avoid_v death_n by_o another_o man_n hand_n he_o choose_v rather_o to_o be_v his_o own_o executioner_n and_o so_o hang_v himself_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o the_o supreme_a governor_n in_o the_o emperor_n name_n grant_v to_o this_o man_n son_n the_o same_o dignity_n and_o province_n which_o have_v be_v confer_v upon_o the_o father_n and_o thus_o the_o three_o royolet_n join_v again_o have_v pass_v nank_n and_o kiangsi_n come_v at_o length_n into_o the_o province_n of_o quamtung_n to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n against_o the_o emperor_n jungley_n and_o at_o their_o first_o entrance_n they_o take_v many_o city_n which_o dare_v not_o oppose_v the_o strength_n of_o their_o army_n only_o the_o city_n of_o quangcheu_fw-la resolve_v to_o try_v its_o fortune_n and_o strength_n this_o city_n of_o quangcheu_fw-la be_v a_o most_o rich_a and_o beautiful_a place_n environ_v with_o large_a water_n only_o the_o northern_a gate_n join_v to_o the_o continent_n on_o all_o other_o side_n it_o be_v entrable_a only_o by_o boat_n in_o this_o town_n be_v the_o son_n of_o the_o captive_a iquon_n who_o i_o mention_v before_o beside_o there_o be_v a_o strong_a garrison_n to_o defend_v it_o and_o among_o other_o many_o fugitive_n from_o macao_n who_o be_v content_a to_o serve_v the_o emperor_n jung_o for_o great_a stipend_n and_o by_o reason_n the_o tartar_n have_v neither_o ship_n nor_o skill_n to_o govern_v they_o and_o that_o the_o town_n have_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o they_o endure_v almost_o a_o whole_a year_n siege_n have_v the_o sea_n open_a for_o their_o relief_n the_o tartar_n make_v many_o assault_n in_o which_o they_o lose_v many_o man_n and_o be_v ever_o beat_v back_o and_o vigorous_o repel_v this_o courage_n of_o they_o make_v the_o tartar_n fall_v upon_o a_o resolution_n of_o beat_v down_o the_o town_n wall_n with_o their_o great_a cannon_n which_o have_v such_o effect_n as_o in_o fine_a they_o take_v it_o the_o 24._o of_o november_n mdcl_o and_o because_o it_o be_v remark_v that_o they_o give_v to_o one_o of_o the_o prefect_n of_o the_o town_n the_o same_o office_n he_o have_v before_o it_o be_v suspect_v it_o be_v deliver_v by_o treason_n pillage_v the_o next_o day_n after_o they_o begin_v to_o plunder_n the_o city_n and_o the_o sackage_n endure_v from_o the_o 24._o of_o november_n till_o the_o 5._o of_o december_n in_o which_o they_o neither_o spare_v man_n woman_n or_o child_n but_o all_o whosoever_o come_v in_o their_o way_n be_v cruel_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n nor_o be_v there_o hear_v any_o other_o speech_n but_o kill_v kill_v these_o barbarous_a rebel_n yet_o they_o spare_v some_o artificer_n to_o conserve_v the_o necessary_a art_n as_o also_o some_o strong_a and_o lusty_a man_n such_o as_o they_o see_v able_a to_o carry_v away_o the_o pillage_n of_o the_o city_n but_o final_o the_o 6_o day_n of_o december_n come_v out_o a_o edict_n which_o forbid_v all_o further_a vexation_n after_o they_o have_v kill_v a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n beside_o all_o those_o that_o perish_v several_a way_n during_o the_o siege_n after_o this_o bloody_a tragedy_n all_o the_o neighbour_a province_n send_v voluntary_o their_o legate_n to_o submit_v demand_v mercy_n which_o they_o obtain_v by_o the_o many_o rich_a present_n which_o be_v offer_v after_o this_o the_o royalet_n march_v with_o his_o army_n against_o the_o city_n chaok_v where_o the_o emperor_n jungley_n hold_v his_o court_n but_o he_o know_v himself_o far_o inferior_a in_o force_n and_o unable_a to_o resist_v flee_v away_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n and_o family_n leave_v the_o city_n to_o the_o tartar_n mercy_n fly_v but_o whither_o this_o emperor_n flee_v be_v yet_o whole_o unknown_a to_o i_o for_o at_o this_o time_n i_o take_v ship_n in_o fokien_n to_o the_o philippines_n and_o from_o thence_o i_o be_v command_v to_o go_v for_o europe_n by_o those_o who_o i_o must_v not_o disobey_v but_o i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o emperor_n retire_v into_o the_o adjoin_a province_n call_v quangsi_n now_o to_o give_v the_o reader_n a_o little_a touch_n how_o the_o tartar_n stand_v affect_v to_o christianity_n in_o the_o metropolitan_a city_n of_o quangcheu_fw-la which_o as_o i_o now_o relate_v be_v utter_o destroy_v we_o have_v a_o stately_a church_n and_o there_o be_v a_o venerable_a person_n who_o have_v the_o care_n and_o superintendency_n of_o all_o the_o christian_n china_n who_o name_n be_v alvarus_n semedo_n a_o jesuit_n this_o man_n they_o take_v &_o tie_v hand_n &_o foot_n for_o many_o day_n and_o threaten_v to_o kill_v he_o every_o hour_n unless_o he_o will_v deliver_v the_o christian_n treasure_n but_o the_o poor_a man_n have_v no_o treasure_n to_o produce_v so_o as_o he_o suffer_v much_o till_o at_o length_n the_o king_n heat_n of_o his_o case_n take_v pity_n of_o his_o venerable_a gray_a heir_n and_o comely_a person_n and_o give_v he_o not_o only_o his_o life_n and_o liberty_n christian_n but_o a_o bible_n and_o a_o breviary_n together_o with_o a_o good_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o a_o alm_n and_o final_o a_o house_n to_o build_v a_o church_n for_o christian_n and_o this_o be_v less_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o from_o he_o because_o heretofore_o he_o have_v be_v a_o soldier_n under_o that_o famous_a sun_n ignatius_n who_o i_o mention_v before_o where_o he_o know_v what_o belong_v to_o christianity_n and_o also_o have_v see_v the_o jesuit_n in_o his_o camp_n from_o whence_o he_o flee_v to_o the_o tartar_n nor_o be_v it_o only_o this_o tartar_n that_o favour_v we_o christian_n but_o in_o a_o manner_n all_o the_o rest_n do_v love_n honour_n and_o esteem_v those_o father_n and_o many_o have_v embrace_v our_o religion_n nor_o do_v we_o doubt_v but_o many_o more_o will_v follow_v their_o example_n if_o we_o can_v enter_v tartary_n as_o now_o it_o be_v project_v where_o doubtless_o many_o great_a thing_n may_v be_v perform_v for_o the_o reduce_n of_o that_o nation_n to_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n and_o perchance_o god_n have_v open_v a_o way_n to_o the_o tartar_n to_o enter_v china_n to_o give_v christianity_n a_o passage_n into_o tartary_n which_o hitherto_o to_o we_o have_v be_v unknown_a and_o inaccessible_a about_o this_o time_n also_o they_o make_v war_n against_o the_o kingdom_n of_o corea_fw-la who_o of_o late_a year_n become_v also_o tributary_n to_o the_o tartar_n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v still_o conserve_v their_o hair_n and_o habit_n tartar_n but_o now_o the_o tartar_n will_v needs_o constrain_v they_o to_o conform_v themselves_o to_o the_o tartarian_a fashion_n and_o therefore_o all_o that_o kingdom_n revolt_v from_o the_o tartar_n but_o my_o departure_n hinder_v i_o from_o know_v since_o what_o have_v pass_v but_o all_o these_o glorious_a victory_n be_v much_o eclipse_v by_o the_o sorrowful_a death_n of_o amavangus_n die_v which_o happen_v in_o the_o beginine_n of_o the_o year_n mdcli_o he_o be_v a_o man_n to_o who_o the_o tartar_n owe_v their_o empire_n in_o china_n and_o such_o a_o one_o as_o who_o both_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n love_v and_o fear_v for_o his_o prudence_n justice_n humanity_n and_o skill_n in_o martial_a affair_n the_o death_n of_o this_o potentate_n do_v much_o trouble_v the_o court_n for_o the_o brother_n to_o this_o man_n call_v quingtus_fw-la will_v needs_o pretend_v to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o of_o the_o young_a emperor_n xunchius_n but_o both_o the_o tartar_n &_o the_o chineses_n resist_v his_o claim_n allege_v that_o be_v of_o sixteen_o year_n old_a he_o be_v able_a to_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n himself_o &_o in_o conformity_n to_o this_o opinion_n all_o the_o precedent_n depose_v the_o ensign_n of_o their_o office_n refuse_v ever_o to_o receive_v they_o from_o any_o but_o from_o the_o young_a install_v emperor_n xunchius_n to_o which_o constancy_n the_o king_n kuintus_fw-la uncle_n to_o the_o emperor_n prudent_o yield_v lest_o he_o shall_v exasperate_v the_o mind_n of_o many_o and_o raise_v great_a trouble_n in_o the_o empire_n but_o i_o can_v doubt_v but_o the_o death_n of_o amavangus_n must_v needs_o endanger_v the_o tartarian_a empire_n and_o bring_v all_o their_o affair_n into_o great_a disturbance_n for_o they_o will_v hardly_o find_v a_o man_n so_o belove_v fear_a and_o expert_a in_o all_o military_a discipline_n and_o government_n as_o he_o in_o effect_n show_v himself_o to_o be_v but_o time_n will_v teach_v we_o what_o will_v become_v of_o all_o for_o since_o his_o death_n we_o have_v no_o certainty_n of_o any_o relation_n now_o let_v we_o turn_v the_o thread_n of_o our_o discourse_n as_o i_o promise_v here_o above_o and_o consider_v the_o fortune_n and_o success_n of_o the_o other_o great_a brigand_n call_v changhienchungus_n to_o let_v the_o reader_n understand_v how_o the_o