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A69138 A treatyse of the donation or gyfte and endowme[n]t of possessyons, gyuen and graunted vnto Syluester pope of Rhome, by Constantyne emperour of Rome [and] what truth is in the same grau[n] thou mayst se, and rede ye iugement of certayne great lerned men, whose names on the other page of this leafe done appere.; De falso credita et ementita Constantini donatione declamatio. English Valla, Lorenzo, 1406-1457.; Hutten, Ulrich von, 1488-1523.; Marshall, William, fl. 1535. 1534 (1534) STC 5641; ESTC S107251 117,474 146

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they haue perceyued and vnderstande that the donation or graunte of Constantyne is but a forged or fayned thyng or elles thēselues haue fayned it or els those that haue comen after settyng their fete fast in the gyles of their predecessours haue defended it for trewe whiche they knewe well was false dyshonoringe the maiestie of the papall estate disworshippynge the memorie of the olde popes shamynge the christen relygion and troublyng and fyllyng all the worlde with murthers threttes and abhomynable synnes ❀ They say that the cytie of Rome is theirs that the kyngdome of Nables is their owne good And that all Italy Fraunce Spayne Germanye Englande and all the west parte of the worlde belongeth to them selues For all these nations countreis they say are contayned in the instrument and writte of the donation or graunt Are than all these afore rehersed kyngdomes thyne highe bysshoppe Is it thy mynde arte thou purposed to recouer all these agayn to spoyle bereue all the kynges princes of the west ꝑte their cyties townes or to cōpell them to pay yerely trybutes to the But I do say thynke clene cōtrary that y e kynges may more rightfully spoyle depriue the of all thempire dominion that thou hast For as I shall declare open y u that graunt or gyfte wherof the popes wyll their right tytell to haue taken his origynall was knowen both to Syluester and also to Constantyne But are euer I do come to the confutyng and disprouyng of the instrument or writte of the sayde donation whiche is their onely defence but bothe a false defence and a folysshe the order requyreth that I reherce the matter somwhat farther of and nere from the very begynnīg And fyrst of all I wyll shewe that Constantyne and Syluester were no suche maner men that either the one I meane Cōstantyne wolde be wyllyng to gyue or els might rightfully gyue or els that it dyd lye in his owne power to delyuer them in to the handes of any other men or els that the other that is to wyt Syluester wolde be wyllyng to receyue or els miȝt laufully receyue and take them Secondarily I wyl shewe that albeit these thynges were nat so whiche are most trewe and euydent yet that neither Syluester dyd receyue neither Constātyne dyd delyuer possessyon of those thynges whiche are sayd to haue ben gyuen but that those thynges haue alwayes cōtynewed and remayned in the hādes and gouernaunce or rule of the emperours Thirdly that nothyng at all was gyuen of Constantyne to Syluester but to the pope that was nexte predecessoure to Syluester for Constātyne was baptysed afore that Syluester was pope And that those gyftes were but small or meane gyftes wherwith the pope might sustayne his lyfe Fourthly I wyll shewe that it is falsely vntrewly sayd that the copy of the donation or graunt is eyther founde in the decrees or els that it is taken of the historie and lyfe of saint Syluester which neither is founde in that historie neither yet in any other historie at all Also I wyll declare and shewe that in the sayd writte or copy be contayned certayne contrary and repugnant thinges impossyble thynges folysshe thynges barbarous thynges madde tryfels worthy to be laughed at Furthermore I wyll speake of the donation or gyft of certayne other emperours beyng outher fayned or els trifelyng vayne and of non effecte wher I wyll putte to that though Syluester had possessed these thynges yet that nat withstādyng either hym selfe or els any other pope who euer he was beyng ones driuen out put from the possession of thē they can nat nowe after so great space of tyme betwene be asked or claymed agayne neither by goddes lawe neither yet by the lawe of man Last of all I shall shewe that of those thynges whiche the pope doth holde there can be no prescription made by any contynuaūce of tyme be it neuer so longe And nowe as touchyng to the fyrst parte and let vs speke fyrste of Cōstantyne afterwardes of Syluester we must take hede beware that we doo nat pleade the emperours ye in a maner the comune cause with as slendre and smal eloquence and speche as priuate or meane mennes causes ar wonte to be pleaded therefore as it were makyng an oration in the assemble audience of Kynges and Princes as doutles I do for this myne oration shall come into theyr handes it pleaseth me to speke vnto them as if they were presente and set in syght afore myn eyes I call and speke vnto you Kynges and Princes for it is harde for a priuate man which is in none offyce or auctorite to conceyue the Image of a royall and princely mynde I serche and enquyre your mynde I examine your conscience I aske requyre your testimonie wolde any of you if he had ben in Cōstantines roume haue thought that himselfe ought or that it had bē mete cōueniēt bicause of liberte to haue giuē to another mā y e cyte of Rome his own coūtrey y e chefe heed place of all y e world the lady quene of cytees most of power might most noble and most rich of people the venquessher triumphant conquerour of all natiōs the which is honorable full of maiestie euyn in the sight and beholdyng of it And to gete hym selfe to a vyle and poore towne afterwardes that is to witte to Bizantium ye moreouer that he shulde with the cyte of Rome gyue Italy also whiche is nat a prouince but the heed of prouinces sholde gyue from him selfe the .iii. partes of Frauner the .ii. Spaynes shulde gyue Germanye shulde gyue Englande and all the hole weste parte of the worlde and shulde depriue himselfe of one of the .ii. eyes of the empier No man can bringe me in mynde to beleue that any man wolde do this whiche were in his right mynde For what thinge dothe god gyue you more desyred and longed for What thyng is more plesaunt What is more acceptable and better welcome than to enlarge and encreace your kingdome and empiers and very greatly to amplyfie and setforthe your dition and dominion both in length and bredthe about this thynge as me thinke I perceyue right well all your care all your cogitation and thoughte and all your labour trauayle is spente and bestowed bothe day and night Herof do you principally and chefly hope to haue glory for this thīg you do forsake pleasures for this you do putte youre selues in a thousande perylles and ieoperdes for this you ar contente to lose your most derely beloued childrē ye for this you do nat grudge to lose ꝑre of your owne bodis for I neuer herde or redde that any of you hath ben feared away from the endeuourment and goyng about to amplyfie and enlarge his empier bycause he had loste either an eye a hande or a legge or els any other membre or parte of his body
our lotte whiche in the Greke tonge is called Cliros of whō cometh this word Clericus is nat y e erthly dominion but y e heuēly The Leuites in the olde law which were Clerkes had nat ꝑte with their brethern wolde you y t we shuld also haue the portion of our brethern wherfore or for what intente shuld I haue riches possessyōs which am cōmaunded by y e wordes of my lorde nat to be careful so moch as for to morow to whō he sayd also these wordes Do nat gather or hurd vp treasur vpon erth Do nat possesse golde neither syluer neither money in your purses And it is a harder thing for a riche mā to ētre into y e kyngdome of heuen than it is y t a camell do passe through the eye of a nedle And therfore he chose to himselfe poore ministers and those which had forsaken all thinges that they might folowe him And he him selfe also was the ensample of pouertie So moche is euen but the handlyng of riches money enemy contrary to innocēcie and vertue nat onely the possessyon and dominion of them Onely Iudas which had the bagges dyd beare suche thīges as were sent dyde play the false traytoure and for the loue of money whervnto he was wōted He both repreued and betrayed his maister lorde and god I feare therfore o Cesar lest you wyl make me of Peter to be Iudas Herken also what Paule sayth We brought nothyng into this worlde and it is no doute that we shall also cary nothinge with vs from hence Hauing meate drinke clothes to be couered with all Let vs be cōtented therwith for they that couer to be made riche do fall into temptation and into the snare of the deuyll and into many desyers both vnprofytable and also noysome whiche do drowne men and cast them downe into dethe and perdition For couetousnesse is the rote of all euylles whiche certayne men desyring haue erred from the faithe and haue wrapped themselues in many dolours and sorowes But thou being the man of god flee eschew these thinges And do you Cesar bydde me receyue those thinges whiche I ought to eschewe and auoyde euen as venome or poyson And moreouer I praye you accordīg to your wisedome consyder what place tyme or leysure can be lefte among these thīges to make sacrifyce to do goddes seruyce The apostles whan certayn men gruged were miscōtent that their widowes wer dispised in y e daily ministeri made answer that it was nat mete or cōueniēt y t their selues shuld leaue y e prechīg of y e word of god ministre or serue y e table And yet to ministre to widowes is a farre other maner thyng than to exacte require tributes rentes customes collage than to haue care charge of the treasure house to paye soldiers wages to be entāgled with a thousād lyke cares busynesses No mā y t is y e soldiar of god entāgleth hīself with worldly busynes saith Paule Did Aaron and other that were of y e stocke of Leuy medle with the administratiō or ordring of any other thing than onely of the tabernacle of the lorde His sonnes bi cause they had taken other mennes fyer whiche was nat mete nor according into their sencers were brent and consumed with fyer sent from heuen And do you byd or will vs to take the fyer of worldly riches whiche is bothe forbydden and also prophane into the holy sencers that is to say into to the offyce and workes belonging to preestes Eleazar Phinees and other bisshoppes ministers either of the tabernacle or of the temple dyd they administre or medle with the ordring of any thinge but onely of that whiche belonge to the doinge of sacrifyce and to the worshippyng of god Do I say dyd they administre nay morouer might they haue administred any other thing if they wolde satisfye and fullfyll their offyce and dutie whiche thinge if they wolde nat do they shulde here the curse of the lorde which sayth Cursed be they whiche do the worke of the lorde rechelesly whiche execration or curse though it may falle vpon all men yet moste of all and principally vpon prestes O howe great is the offyce of a bisshoppe how greate a thinge is it to be heed of the churche how great a thynge to be made pastor and ouerseer and gouernour of so great a folde of shepe of whose hande shall be required the blode of euery lambe and shepe that shall perisshe and be lost To whom also it was sayd If thou louest me more then other do so as thou confessest and knoledgest thyselfe to do fede my lambes Agayne if thou doest loue me so as thou sayest fede my shepe And the thirde tyme also if thou louest me fede my shepe And do you Cesar wyll me to fede also gottes and hogges whiche can nat be fedde nor kepte all of one and the same herdes man Besydes this you ar willyng and aboutward to make me a kynge or raither an emperour that is to say heed chef of kīges But our lord Iesu Christ beyng both god man kynge preest whā he sayd y t his self was a kynge Herkē of what kingdome he did speke My kingdome saith he is nat of this worlde For if my kingedome were of this world doutles my seruauntes wolde fyght for me And what were the firste wordes of his preachinge and the thinge whiche he oftentimes rehersed in his sermons was it nat this Do you penaunce for the kingdome of heuen is approched and drawen nere The kingdome of god is approched to the which the kingdome of heuens shal be compared and lykened Did he nat whan he spake these wordes declare that the seculare kingdome dothe nothing apperteyne to him And therfore nat only he dyd nat desyre nor seche for suche maner kingdome but also whan it was offred to him hi wolde nat take it For whan he perceyued and vnderstode vpon a certayn tyme that the people had purposed appoynted in their myndes to take him and to make him kyng he fledde into y e solytarines of the moūtaynes whiche thynge he hath gyuen and taught to vs that be his successours for to be folowed nat onely by his example but also by his precepte and cōmaundemēt saying in this wyse The prynces and gouernours of the gentiles are lordes ouer thē And they whiche ar greattest do exercyse power and auctorite vpon them It shall nat be so among you but who so euer is wyllyng among you to be made greattest let him be your mynistre And who so euer wolde be chefest among you shall be your seruaunte lykewyse as the sonne of man hath nat come to be mynistred vnto but to mynistre and to gyue his lyfe for the redemption of many God in the olde tyme to let you vnderstand O
by many ambassadours sēte to Astulphus had requyred y t the places shulde be restored to y e emperiall diction or dominion Astulphus wolde nat in any wise cōsent so to do Steuen wēt to Pipine anoynted him his two sōnes kynges There was also an ambassadour of y e emperours sēte with y e same Steuen they optayned gotte graūt of Pipine that he shulde brīge Astulphus in mīde to restore y e places to the empier Pipine sēte ambassadours to Astulphe but all that auayled nat Wherfore bycause he coulde nat by that meane optayne of Astulphe y t restytution shulde be made he made promise to Steuen y t him selfe wold by force of armes take them from Astulphe that he wolde gyue thē to saīte Peter Whan y e emꝑours ambassadour had herde this he retourned home agayn Pipin ꝑfourmed fulfylled those thynges whiche he had ꝓmysed and the fourme and maner of this donation or gyfte is cōtayned in y e actes of y e aforsaid Steuen also the ꝑticulare names of all y e thynges whiche were geuē zacharie the pope did trāslate the monarchie or kyngdome of Fraūce vnto Pipin deposīg fyrst puttyng downe Hilderike the kynge whereof it is redde in the .xv. cause y e .vi. question Alins c. in y e glose Venerabilē By the reason herof I suppose y e Pipin from thēce forth did fauour the apostolike see Afterwardes Desiderius kynge of Lōbardie warme recouered agayn by force of armes those cyties or some of thē in the tyme of Adrian Adrian the pope sēdyng many embasadours vnto hī required demaūded agayn of him the right of saint Peter but he could nat optayne Than Charlemayne of whom Adrian desired ayde and socour recouered the cyties gaue thē agayn to saint Peter by a solēpne gyfte or graūte which is contayned in the actes of the sayd Adrian pope By these thynges it is euydēte y t Constātine dyd nat gyue the empier to the pope by the duke dome of Rauenna the cyte of Rome the west whereof we do rede that contynually euyn vntil y e times aforesayd the emperours did with full ryght possesse Rome Rauenna Marchia with many other places euyn so as they had before And this is proued by the texte in the .xcvi. distīction Bene quidē c. where it is spokē of Patritius which was gouernour or captayne in the name of kyng Adoacre in the lxiii distīction Agatho c. And in the xcvi distīction Cū ad verū c. And we do rede also that y e popes of Rome did confesse the emꝑours to be lordes for Agatho the pope writeth vnto Constātine the emꝑour which gathered or assēbled the vi synode foloweth many yeres after the fyrste of that name how the cyte of Rome is the seruyle cyte of the emperour And Boniface the pope writeth to Honorius y e emꝑour that him selfe ought to gouerne the benefice of the church of Rome in spiritual thīges but the emperour ought to gouerne the tēporal thynges in the ende he saith that Rome is the cyte of his mansuetude or mildenes This texte is red in the xCi distīcion Ecclesiae c. And that I may speke brefly I neuer red the cōtrary in any place but y e euermore vntyll the tyme of the aforesayde Pipine the emperour remayned in possession of the places afore named Neither coulde I yet any where rede y t euer any of the popes presumed to haue any ryght or tytle by y e name of saīt Peter in the sayd places vntill the tyme of Steuen y e .ii. pope of that name These thynges I beleue to be true nat withstādyng y e famouse opinion of the contrary which is redde in Palea the xcvi distītion Constātinꝰ c for without doute if that wrytyng had nat bē apochriphe Gratianus shulde haue foūde it in the olde bokes collections of the canones but because he dyd nat fynde it therfore he did nat put it theri wherfore those thynges whiche he hath added afterwardes he put that fayned scripture for chaffe euyn so as we do finde many other thīges of the apocriphe writyngꝭ to be writtē in our bokes I haue also foūde this writīg set forth of lenght in a certayn boke which cōtayneth moche more than that which is put in the decrees in the place afore alledged whan I had dilygētly examined it I foūde of y e selfe same scripture many manyfeste euidēt argumētes tokēs of the forgynge falsehed of the same whiche nowe to reherce here it shulde be bothe tedyouse also vnprofytable This also is to be marked y t the aforsayd writyng Cōstatinꝰ c. which is had in the xcvi distīction is extract drawen out of the legēde of saint Siluester he whiche dyd put y e texte in y e decree groūdeth the auctorite of it vpō the approbation alowyng of Galasius in the Sinode I pray you loke vpon that approbation in the xv distinction Sancta Romana c. it shal be foūde of small strēgth for he saith that the author therof is vnknowē yet y t nat w tstandyng that it is redde among catholyke mē therfore that it may be redde what maner apꝓbation this is euery mā may considre for there are many histories of saint Siluester One in y e which this is nat foūde which histori Damasus the pope made Another whose authour is nat knowē which the texte saith nat to be true but that it may be redde neither sayth y e texte yet y t this thinge is cōtayned therin Also y e olde aunciēt bokes of y e decrees hath nat y t text but only vnto y e ꝑagraffe It●̄ decreta romanorum pōtificū c. īclusiuely And so this ꝑagraffe of y e histori of Sil. is nat foūde in those bokes Also y e fifth vniuersal Synode which maketh mētion of y e apꝓbate bokes of al lerned authors of y e approued scriptures moreouer y e Synode of Martin y e pope which was made agaynst y e assertiō of thē which said y t there was but one wyl in Christ y t is to wit agaīst Paulus Sergius renuyng y e approued scriptures as I my self haue seen maketh no mētiō of these histories neither yet any other apꝓued author or such as is accōpted for a true author y t euer I sawe maketh any mētion of thē I haue redde ī Vincent in y e xxiiii boke of histories in the ende after the mīde of saynt Ierome y e Cōstātine cruelly dyd slee his wyfe Fausta his sōne Crispus And that at y e later ēde of his lyfe after y t he had ben baptyzed of Eusebius bysshop of Nichomedia he declyned to y e heresie of y e Arrians frō which tyme as saynt Ierome saith spoylyng robbrie
The order of his processe in this oratiō the deuisyon of his worke The authors sheweth it to be nothyng lykely that any prince beynge in his ryghte mynde wolde of him self be wyllyng to giue from him selfe so great thynges as are fayned in the priuiledge to haue bē geuen of Constantyne Of all thīges princes desire most to enlarge their dominion empire and the cōtrary they moste hate The insaciable ambicyon of great Alexander Rede Plutarche in the lyfe of Alexander Mani cōsiderations why Constantyne wolde nat gyue from hym the best parte of the Empire All power auctorite is the gyfte of god Rede the .v. chapit of the iiii bokes of Kynges Dan̄ 14. 〈◊〉 the .xiiii chapit of the prophete Daniel how he slewe the dragon whiche the people of ●●●●lon dyd worshippe without swerde or ●ta●fe 3. Regū 12 Exāple hereof you may fīde of Hieroboam in the third boke of Kynges xii chapit somwhat nere to the ēde of the same chapit 3. Regū 12 Rede in the third boke of Kynges the xii cha The kynsfolke frēdes Enedos 1 A symilytude taken of bees Of the diuysyon of thempire ī twayne shal ensue many incōueniēces finally the decay of it Rede the .xxii chapit of Leuitici 4. Reg. ● Rede the iiii boke of kynges the .v chapit Actes 20. Math. 10 1. Cor̄ 9. Rede in Deute the .x. and the xviii cha in the boke of noumbres the xviii cha Math. 6. Math. 6. Math. 10 Mark 10 Mark 10 Iohn̄ 13. 1. Tim. 6. Riches is po●son to men of the churche Actes 6. 2. Tim. 2. Nume 3. Rede in the boke of Leuitici the .x. cha Rede in the boke of Numeri Hiere 48 Iohn̄ 10. Iohn̄ 18. Christes kīgdome is nat of this world Math. 4. Iohn̄ 6. Christ fledde whan the people wolde haue made him Kynge euer them Math. ●● 1. Reg. 8. Deut. 24. Math. 19 .1 Cor̄ 6. Math 17 Esaie 56. Mark 11. Iohn̄ 12. Mat 26. Math. 16 The power of ecclesiasticall persons whiche was geuē to them by Christ is the power of the keyes Spiritualmē nat contente with the power of the ke●es desyre worldly Kyngdomes of the deuyll Math. Luke 4. Ephes 6. Math. 11. Math. 22 To how many ꝑtes they are iniurious which beleue the donation of Constantyne to be true A bytter mocke Eutropiꝰ Iulianꝰ apostata Iouiane thēperour nexte successour to Iuliane the Apostata Constantyne was made Christen of a chylde long afore that Siluester was pope Eusebius the author of the ecclesiasticall historie Melchiades pope nexte afore Syluester The pagine of the donation is nat foūde in the olde decrees collected by Gratian Palea in latin sygnifyeth chaffe The historye of Siluester is but a fayned and a lyyng historye Iacobus voraginēsis the writter of sa●●es lyues A bytter Irome Rede in .iiii. chapt of the thirde boke of Esdras in the Bible 1. Macabeorum 8 Exodi 24 Iobal his polytike deuise for the ꝑpetual p̄seruation of the crafte fyrste by him inuēted that 〈◊〉 to witte Musike The lawes of the .xii. tables were grauen in brasse An apostrophe or tournynge of the speche to Cōstantyne Eneidos secundo Sinon Howe greate the auctorite of the senate was Lactance firmiane wrote so eloquently that saynt Iherome calleth him ●luuiū Tulliane eloquentlye the flowynge ryuer of Tullys eloquēce Apocalipsis the .v. cha Banna Concubitoribus Psalmo lxxx Roma i. All other byshoppes take exāple of mischeuouse vices at the pope of Rome Mathu xxiii Nume xvi Exodi xxviii xxix A diademe is of cloth or els of sylke Constantyne was nat a kyng neither dyd he weare any crowne Imperator Phrigiū Phrigio Lorum Math ●● Iohn̄ 9. what purpura betokeneth Signa Banna Patriciꝰ An ironie Mat xxi To folowe Christ in pouertye humblenes is accompted folishenes of the clergye nowe a dayes Vdones The secularyte of the clergye is odible bothe to god and man Gene. 14 Psal 20. Leuiticis Exodi 28 Xenophon Homer Rede in the boke of Iosue from the xiii chap. of the .xix. inclusiuelye Math 24 Rede the last chap. of the fyrste boke of kynges the xii chap. of the thirde boke An abusiō to the wordes of Gamaliel in the .v. chap. of the actes Apocalipse the last chap. Lethargus to a disease makyng men to be meruailouse slepie and also forgerfull Hypocrita simulator mimus A fayner or contre fayter Pagina The boke or historie of Iob was nat written by Iob hī selfe An Ironi Accurs●us 4 Reg 13. Iosephꝰ libro nono cha 11. Do tibi epistolā Do ad te epistolā It is an excedyng shame to gyue more credēce to any man than we do gyue to the trouth selfe Popes folyshe and ignoraunte Ierome A boke of the bible is kept shewed for a relique at rome as though it had bē written with saynt Iheromes owne hāde whiche was written of an vnterned man The epistle of Lentidus cōcerning the ymage of christe is a false forged thīge The confutation of that fained tale of the dragon which is redde in the lyfe of saint Siluester who was the author of salt Siluesters lyfe The histories of the Grekes ar corrupted with lyes Serpētes ar noysome nat with theyr brethe but with their bitynge onely the cocodrice except Cato Marcus Tiliꝰ Regulus Dan̄ 14. In the prologe afore the boke of Daniel The naratiō of hell is nat in the hebrus bokes An irony Rede plutarche in the lyues of Alexdre Scipio The Christē verite nedeth nat any help of vntruethe of falshed it is stronge ynough of it selfe alone Libro quinto titulo serto de pi●tate erga patriā ch v. c.xxxviii Libro primo titulo octauo de miraculis chap. xciiii Titus Liuiꝰ disagreeth frō Valeriꝰ Maximus Titus liuius Titus liuius Terentiꝰ Varro Thre diuerse histories writen by thre sōdrie authors of the pyt called Lacus curtius Libro primo chap. xcviii Luke 17. Roma 10 It is sayd● that Eusebius a Geccian is the auctor of saint Siluesters lyfe Constantyne was neuer meseld so as they do faine The tale of the waspes in vespasianes nose of the forgge wherof Nero was delyuered ar fals forged ▪ tales The excedīg ignoraunce of the popes Cephas Metropolitanus Patriarcha Papa Fides orthodoxa An irony Stephen the second translated the empier from the Grekz to the frenche men The pope the ēperour deuided the ēpier betwen them two alone Achilles and Patroclus In decretis distinctione lxiii Ego Ludouicus c. Ludouike the emperour called Iewes the mylde The pope is strōger in batayle thā the emperour The pope hath made emperours vpō certayn condicions couenauntes Sigismunde the emperour brought ī his extreme age to excedynge gret pouerte Popes do no thyngs for nought Sigismunde ere he coude be crowned at Rome was fayne to confyrme the danation of Cōstantine Marke well this geare howe well it standeth together The coronation of themperour ought to appartayne to the people of Rome