And now a King being wanting that good Order might be maintained the Princes in full Assembly proposed that Honour to Robert Duke of Normandy but he having notice of his Brothers death declin'd it as being desirous to return and take possession of his Kingdom of England though he afterward found it prepossessed by his younger Brother Henry nor long was it e're he deprived him of his Dutchy of Normandy and finally of his life by putting out his Eyes which many attributed as a Judgement for refusing the profferâ—d Scepter of Jerusalem but upon this refusal Godfry of Bulloin Duke of Lorrain was unanimously chosen King yet refused to be crowned with a golden Crown where his Saviour for the Salvation of Mankind had sometimes worn a Crown of Thorns And although an Army of an 100000 Turks and Sarazens advanced to recover the City yet the Princes drawing out their strength gave them Battel with so fearful an overthrow that all the Hills and Plains for the space of nine miles were covered with the bodies of the slain and so Jerusalem with other exceeding large Territories continued in the Possession of the European Christians during the Reign of nine Kings and for the space of an 100 Years when through their own Dissentions it was lost to Salladine the Sultan of Aegypt Thus Fame and Piety drew Arms from far And made proud Asia reel with heavy War Whilst Christian Faith 's regrafted on the stem Where it first flourish'd great Jerusalem Whilst Jacob's Heritage the Promis'd Land Do's find her Scepter in a Christian hand A Description of the Famous Battel fought near Cressy between the English under the Leading of Edward the Black Prince and the French under the Leading of Philip their King c. KING Edward the third of England having in the right of his Mother laid claim to the Crown of France and the French opposing to it their Salique Law by which the Heirs Female are disabled from governing he rais'd a powerful Army to gain by the Sword that Right which was deny'd him by a pretended Law made to exclude the Daughters of France c. taking upon him the Title of King of France Quartering the Arms of that Kingdom with those of England which have so continued from that day and landing in the North parts he wasted the Country with Fire and Sword as far as Turwin defeating such Forces as came to oppose him and reduced many Towns to his Obedience soon after destroying their Fleet of 400 Sail of Ships and in it 30000 men many of them of the prime Nobility but still being refused to be invested in the possession of the Kingdom having refreshed himself in England and settled his Affairs levied an Army of 32500 Horse and Foot with which he repassed the Seas and brought such a terror upon the French that many great Towns were abandoned without resistance which obliged Philip the French King to raise the whole power of his Country consisting of 100000 Horse and Foot the Flower of France c. and with them advanced by hasty marches to give the English battel or to oblige them to retire of which King Edward having notice by his Espials caused his Horsemen to quit their Horses and marshal'd his Army on foot in three Battalions the chief of which himself retained as a reserve mostly composed of men at Arms and the other two under the leading of the Black Prince his Son and divers Nobles he caused to advance into the Plain where the French coming on with great Fury as not expecting but to obtain the Victory were received in the front by the Avaunt-guard of the Men at Arms whilst the wings of Archers sent showers of Arrows amongst them which gauling their squadrons of Horse in the flank put them into great disorder at which the French Commanders of the Horse growing impatient broke through their own foot and made a strong effort upon the Princes Battel by continually pressing on with fresh men which made the Lords who guarded the Prince send to the King entreating him to advance with his battel to their Succour To which he returned answer That he designed the Glory of the day to his Son and that whilst he was alive they must not expect any Succour from him but fight valiantly to win Honour and Renown which Answer so animated the English that they fought more desperate than ever insomuch that the French Horse being in confusion by the goaring of Pikes and the shot of Arrows and the Foot not able to relieve them the men at Arms brake in with such fury and in a firm battel piercing their squadrons that they could find no place of retreat or rally so that the other Battalion charging in the flank and the Archers still delivering their Arrows with great Celerity Victory declared on the part of the English whilst nothing but flight and slaughter ensued on the part of the French insomuch that in six hours space the field was heaped with the bodies of the slain and nothing was heard so loud as the Crys of the dying men whilst happy was he that could escape the Swords of his fierce Pursuers In this battel were slain the Kings of Navar and Bohemia two Princes of the blood seven Earls and 15000 Barons Knights and men at Arms with not less than 30000 of-lesser note besides a great number taken Prisoners and many of those of the first rank which were afterwards put to their ransoms The battel being entirely won the King and Prince marched to Calais and besieged it when as the Governour having capitulated for some time and the attempts to relieve it proving unsuccessful he surrendred it to the King who placed an English Colony therein and whilst this War lasted David King of Scotland taking part with the French and invading England in the absence of the King was defeated near Durham and himself taken Prisoner by one Copland most of his Army being slain and was after eleven years imprisonment redeemed at 100000 Marks nor was Prince Edward less victorious in a second battel fought between him and John the French King Son to the foremention'd Philip who came against him with 100000 Horse and Foot or as some will have it 130000 in which battel fought near Poâ—tus there were slain fifty two Noble men most of them Dukes and Earls 1700 Knights and Esquires and 16000 common Souldiers the King himself together with Philip the Dauphin one Arch-Bishop ten Earls and about 200 Knights and Esquires were taken Prisoners besides a great number of lesser note though here the French were three to one in the Field Thus England's Antient Glory rais'd by Arms The World through Fame's loud breathing Trumpet charms And this Memorial through all Lands does spread That no Land has more valiant Hero 's bred A Relation of the fatal Battel fought on the Plains of Cossovia between Amurath the first King of the Turks and the Despot of Servia in League with divers other Christian Princes
more Glorious Rise Englands Pharsalia or the bloody Civil War between King Henry the Sixth of the House of Lancaster Richard Duke of York and Edward the Fourth of the House of York describing the several Fights and pitch'd Battels wherein 100000 Men on both sides are accounted to be slain c. RIchard Duke of York taking distaste at the Release of the Duke of Somerset by King Henry the Sixth he with the Earl of Warwick and divers others his Accomplices fell to open Force and levied an Army about the Marches of Wales with which they marched towards London under pretence of redressing Grievances and removing evil Counsellors to oppose whom King Henry drew out and both Armies meeting at St. Albans in the County of Hertford the Duke sent to the King to demand divers Lords that were about him and such as he should name or prescribe but being rejected with disdain the charge was sounded and both Armies joyned Battel furiously and maintained a doubtful fight till at length Victory began to declare for the King but the Scale was soon turned for Warwick breaking through the Gardens with about 2000 men and his approach not being there suspected the Kings Army many of the chief Nobility being slain was broken yet would he not fly but stood the shot of the Archers till wounded in the Neck he was taken Prisoner and being carried to London and a Reconciliation made on both parts the Duke being shortly constituted Governour of Ireland In this fatal Batal of St. Albans between the Houses of York and Lancaster fell forty eight Noble-men Knights and Esquires and amongst them the Earls of Somerset Northumberland and Stafford together with 5000 of the meaner sort and many were wounded amongst whom was the King. Long did not the seeming Reconciliation last but the Duke of York raising new Troubles was together with the Earls of March Rutland Warwick and Salisbury with others of less Note attainted of High Treason in Parliament but it so little discouraged them that drawing out from the several places where they were retired with their Army consisting of 25000 men they took the Field against whom the Kings Army advanced with great speed so that meeting at Northampton a cruel and bloody fight ensued but in the end the King being unfortunate in War his Army was worsted and himself a second time made Prisoner there being on both sides not less than ten thousand men slain and of Note Humphry Duke of Buckingham the Earl of Shrewsbury and the Lord Egremont and a Parliament being called the Duke laid claim to the Crown deriving his Pedigree from Leonel the Third Son of Edward the Third elder Brother to John of Gaunt the Father of Henry the Fourth Grandfather to the King so that after a great debate at length it was concluded on all parts that King Henry during his natural Life should quietly possess and enjoy the Crowns and Kingdoms and afterwards they to remain in general Tail to the Duke of York and his Heirs But the Queen a Woman of a Masculine Spirit not approving that her Son Prince Edward a Youth of great hope should be so excluded withdrew her self into the North and there without the consent of the King raised Forces to secure his Right against whom the Duke advanced with an Army but unadvisedly giving her Battel near Sands Castle before his whole Forces were come up and falling into several Ambushes laid for the purpose he himself after a bloody and doubtful fight being slain together with the Earl of Rutland his Son and the Earl of Salisbury with three thousand more of lesser Note and his Head being cut off was crowned with a Paper Crown and in derision carried through the Queens Victorious Army The Duke slain many hoped that this Calamitous War would have an end but failed in their Expectations for Edward Earl of March having raised an Army of 23000 men in the Marches of Wales and hearing of his Fathers Death advanced with great speed overthrowing in a great Battel the Earls of Pembrook and Ormond who endeavoured near Ludlow to oppose his passage in which Battel were slain 3800 men and several Prisoners of Note taken and amongst them Owen Tuder Father-in-Law to the King whose Head by the Command of the Earl was cut off and so he continued his March to fight the Army that yet remained with the Queen who was advanced as far as St. Albans and had overthrown the Londoners who came to oppose her entering their City with the slaughter of 2000 of them and took the King whom they had brought along with them to countenance their undertaking But Edward Earl of March approaching her with his Army which was much increased by the way she thought it not convenient to give battel but suffering him to enter London retired into Scotland Whilst he taking upon him the Title of King was Crowned at Westminster but was not setled in his Throne before News was brought that King Henry with divers Lords were in the North with a great Army whereupon he drew out his Forces to give them battel marching directly to Pomfract in York-shire sending the Lord Fitz-Walter before to take the Charge of the Passage of Ferry Bridge where that Lord with many others were slain and King Henry's Forces gaining the Pass the Armies came in sight of each other and drew up in Battalia being the greatest that had been seen in England since the Conquest Edwards consisting of 48660 and Henry's of 60000 fighting Men when after some pause the Trumpets sounded the Charge and the Army moved furiously when Warwick who lead the Vaunt-guard to incourage his men put from his Horse by whose Example many did the like resolving to win the Field or dye in the Battel so that after It had continued with great slaughter for the space of ten hours and most of theCommanders on King Henry's part slain his Battel swerved nor could the Courage and Skill of those that survived restore it but a fearful flight ensued while the Victors following the Execution covered all the Field with dead Bodies whilst the Blood streamed in Channels for in this Battel fought between the Towns of Towton and Saxton on the twenty ninth of March fell Persons of Quality to the number of 375 amongst which were Henry Piercy Earl of Northumberland and John Lord Nevel Brother to the Earl of Warwick John Lord Clifford and John Lord Wells and of the meaner sort 35091 whereupon King Henry with his Son and Queen fled into Scotland and Edward returned to London This fatal blow though it put a damp to their Spirits did not altogether discourage the Lancastrians for Queen Margaret going into France raised new Supplies in that Kingdom but making towards England her Fleet was scattered by a Tempest and she driven upon the Coast of Scotland with the smaller part of it yet finding her Husband in the Scotish Court highly entertained by James their King she took heart and soon after the
when drain'd near dry Thus our Pharsalia England's Tragedy Was Acted in a bloody Scene till Death With slaughter tir'd was almost out of breath What Lands what Kingdoms might our men have â—ane With that Bloods loss which Civil hands have drawn Such Pow'rs united as our Fields distain'd By Conquering on vast Empires might have gain'd Have overset bold Ott'mans Rising Throne And seen his Conquests far beneath their own A Description of the Battel of Bosworth-field fought between Richard the Third King of England and Henry Earl of Richmond known afterward by the Title of King Henry the Seventh c. AFter the Death of Edward the Fourth Richard Plantagenet Duke of Glocester having caused his two Nephews to be murthered usurped the Throne endeavouring to establish himself therein as he had first acquired it viz. by blood so that greatly oppressing his Subjects and especially the Nobility as also causing Queen Ann his Wife secretly to be made away that he might marry Elizabeth his Neece Daughter to his Brother King Edward the Fourth divers conspired against him and amongst the rest the Duke of Buckingham who had been the main Instrument in helping him into the Throne but raising Forces and being unsuccessful in his attempt his men flying and leaving him to shift for himself he resorted to the House of one Banister who had been his Steward and had got a good Estate under him where for a time he secured himself in disguise to attend his better fortune though it proved otherwise for King Richard seting 1000 l. upon his head the same Banister in whom he confided discovered him to the Sherif of the County who seizing upon him in the Disguise or Habit of a Gardiner carried him to Salisbury where by the Command of the King without Arraignment or Tryal he was beheaded And now by a secret Contract the Earl of Richmond being betroth'd to the Lady Elizabeth Eldest Daughter to Edward the Fourth after having escaped many Dangers beyond the Scas and his Faction being strong in England prepares with such an Army as he could well gather by the favour of the Duke of Brittany and increased by such English as fled to him for fear of the Usurper for England and landed at Milford-Haven his Retinue not exceeding 2000 but was soon increased to a far greater number by those that daily came to joyn him which made King Richard advance with his Army to oppose him and pitched his Tents at Radmore near Bosworth in Leicestershire and both Armies being drawn up in Battalia the Lord Stanly with a great Detachment kept aloof on the Hills and the King suspecting he intended to revolt from him to his Enemy sent to him to advance but he refused saying he would do it when he saw his time whereupon King Richard in a great Rage commanded his Son whom he had in Hostage for the Fathers Fidelity instantly to be beheaded but was by some of his Favorites perswaded to defer it till the Battel was over by which means the young man escaped for both Armies joyning with great fury a bloody and doubtful fight ensued so that for a long time the Scale of Victory hung in an equal poise King Richard commanding and fighting courageously in all parts but the Lord Stanly when both Armies had tried their Strengths and were weary with fighting coming in with his fresh men bore down all before him so that King Richard perceiving the Fortune of the War to go against him like a man in despair resolving not to survive it charged with great fury amongst the thickest Squadrons and having killed and beaten down many was at length over-pow'red and himself slain falling upon heaps of his Enemies his Crown was afterward found in a Hawthorn-bush and himself stripped naked was carried all bloody upon a Horse to Leicester and there buried in the Grey-Friars with much Solemnity after its being exposed two days to the People In this Battel called the Battel of Bosworth-field 6000 men on either side were slain and amongst them divers of Note And now the Earl of Richmond being Crowned in the Field marched to London and soon after solemnly married the Lady Elizabeth joyning the Houses of Lancaster and York he being the Heir of the one and she the Heiress of the other And so the Discord to soft Concord yields That with the Bones o' th' slain made white the Fields Dividing Friends in an unfriendly Jar Rending the tor'ring State with Impious War Whilst Father against Son Brothers with Brothers fight Not caring who was wrong or who was right But smeer'd with Blood in Cruelty delight Being emulous who most cou'd vent his Rage Such is the fate when Civil Arms ingage A description of the Battel of Seminara fought in the Kingdom of Naples between King Ferdinand then intituled to that Kingdom and the Great Gonsalves Caâ—tain of the Spaniards on the one part and the Lords Obignny and Persive for Charles the French King on the other part Anno 1495. CHarles the French King victorious in Italy having won many strong Places and Countries and amongst the rest the Rich and Fertile Kingdom of Naples Ferdinand in whose right it was raising an Army of Spaniards Sicilians Italians c. and entred the Provinces the French had a little before brought to their Subjection in order to recover them advancing as far as the Country of Seminara to oppose whom the Lord Obignny Governour of Calabria for the French King and the Lord Persive Governour of Bosilicula marched with their united Forces from their appointed Rendezvous at Terranova to Seminara to fight the King or besiege him in the Town who knowing nothing of their Conjunction and ignorant of their number issued out of the Town upon news of their approach to give them Battel not staying for the Troops he expected from Puglia Campagnia and Arbuzzo though Gonsalves counted the expertest Captain of his Age laboured to disswade him from fight for being in the flower of Youth and height of his Spirit he rather strove to expose his Valour than hearken to good Counsel and so having made an excellent Speech or Oration to animate the Captains and Souldiers to do their utmost he marched towards Terranova three miles along the Hills and coming to the River lodged his Foot on the left Bank and his Horse-men he stretched on the right to serve for a Wing and so continued to expect the Enemy By this time the French and Switzers came in sight and Obignny cast the latter into a firm Battalion placing the Foot raised in Calabria behind them as a Battel of Succour dividing the Squadron of Horse between them being Men at Arms and in the same order the light Horse-men and so in a square Battel they pass d the River whereupon the Spanish Horse advanced to oppose them but being hotly charged by the thick Battalion of the French in the Advaunt-guard after many of them were beaten down and slain the rest were obliged to retire by
Prisoners and a hot skirmish hapned between the Kings party and Essex's men near Causum Bridge wherein the former was worsted and obliged to retâ—â—â—t with some loss and in May divers sâ—â—â—mishes with various success hapned in the West between Sir Ralph Hopton who commanded there for the King and Sir Geo. Chudleige for the Parliament though the former for the most part had the advantage nor did Hostilities cease in other parts for in June divers skirmishes hapned between Prince Rupert and Essex the most material of which was in Chalgrave-field in Oxford-shire where the Prince furiously charging a body of the Parliament Horse routed it killing and wounding a great part of the Enemy and amongst the latter John Hambden who soon after dyed of his Wound as did some others and on the fifth of July Sir Ralph Hopton with a few Forces of the Kings under his Command engaged Sir William Waller who had double his number maintaining the fight from two in the Afternoon till about one the next Morning whereupon Waller perceiving him resolved to obtain the Victory or dye in the place left the field yet soon after being ashamed of the retreat he followed Sir Ralph to the Devises in Wilt-shire whither he was marched with a Resolution to set upon him of which the King having notice sent 1500 Horse from Oxford where he lay encamped to his assistance but upon the Comjunction Waller not thinking it convenient to try the event in that place drew off to Roundway-down but being hotly charged he was in a short time broken and disordered whereupon with his Horse he fled in great Confusion leaving his foot to the mercy of the Royallists who were most of them slain in the fight or taken Prisoners together with four pieces of Cannon all the Amunition and Baggage nine Cornets and 28 foot Colours so that by this fatal blow given on the 13th of July Waller having lost his Army most of the Horse deserting him in his flight he hasted to London with the lamentable story of his defeat Essex by this time with a powerful Army having relieved Glocester and surprized a Convoy of the Kings which fell into his hands through mistake marched to Newberry where the King remained as yet with his Army and had prepared to receive him in the best order the short time of notice would give leave or opportunity so that on the 20th of September 1643 both Armies confronting each other the charge was immediately sounded and seconded by the thundring of the Cannon and Vollies of small shot on either side whilst Prince Rupert with his Squadron forced the main battel and put it into great disorder but whilst he pursued his good fortune he found himself charged by two squadrons of Horse that descended from the Hill where till now they had been posted so that the fight was doubtful and bloody on all parts it being in many places brought to the Sword so that the Lord Jermin who commanded there a Regiment of horse for the King being over charged by number was obliged to force his way not without great hazard through the Battalions of foot yet was the fight maintained with considerable slaughter on either part till Night put an end to the fury both Armies keeping the field till the next day and then retired from each other as by consent The Persons of Note slain were the Earls of Carnarvan and Sunderland the Lord Viscount Faulkland and in all on both sides near six thousand In March Sir Thomas Fairfax and Mitton were set upon by Prince Rupert at Drayton in Shropshire and routed as likewise was Sir John Meldrum who had entred England with his Scotch Forces in favour of the Parliament forced to leave Newark which they had besieged with the loss of their Canon Ammunition and all their Baggage which was Relieved by Prince Rupert and only permitted to depart with their Lives But now Sir William Waller having gotten another Army Anno 1644 fell upon the Lord Hopton's Forces near Winchester at unawares and over-pow'ring him in number cut off divers of his men and obliged him to leave the field whereupon Winchester surrendred but Waller was soon after overthrown by the King's forces at Crop-ready Bridg and Essex with the gross of the Parliament Army blocked up in Cornwall and now the Earl of Newcastle being besieged in York Prince Rupert advanced with an Army of Horse and Foot to Relieve the City upon whose approach the Besiegers drew off and were upon their retreat hotly pressed and charged by a Sally from the Town when the Garrison under the command of the Earl joyning with the Prince they with conjunct Forces followed the Parliament forces to a place called Marston-Moor where both Armies drew up and with great sury joyned battel which continuing with much effusion of bloud for the space of four hours victory in the end declared against the Royalists and in this fight called by many the bloudy fight of Marston-Moor 9000 men on both sides are computed to be slain after which battel York surrendred and almost all the Towns in the North so that for a while nothing but Skirmishes happened But on the 27 of October both Armies meeting a second time near Newbury an obstinate fight ensued but the Royalists having done all that could be expected from true valour and still oppressed with fresh numbers of the Enemy were forced in the end to give way to necessity and leave the field in some disorder nor is it guessed that on both sides less than 4500 were slain after which nothing more happened in England this year but the skirmishing of Parties and taking of Towns and Castles but in Scotland the Marquess of Montross with inconsiderable forces raised by virtue of a Commission from the King routed divers Armies of the Covenanters putting all Scotland in fear of being Reduced to its obedience by his Prowess Anno 1645 Essex having laid down his Commission it was taken up by Sir Thomas Fairfax and Cromwel was made Lieutenant General most of the prime Officers of the Army being changed yet the King's party strugled strongly for the Royal cause though many finding things in a manner desperate had retired from the Army and passed the Seas for besides divers skirmishes Collonel Massey in April was routed by Prince Rupert at Lidbury with considerable loss But in June following the King's forces were defeated at Langport where about 200 were slain and 1400 taken Prisoners which occasioned soon after the surrender of Pomfret Scarborough Bath and Bridgwater yet in August the Parliaments Quarters with some slaughter on both parts were beaten up about Tame and the Scots defeated at Kielsieth in Scotland by Montross and in September Montross was defeated at Phillipphaugh in the said Kingdom and the King's forces in England were Routed on Routon heath near Chester and in October the Lord Digby was likewise defeated at Sherborn in the County of York and in March following the Lord Ashley was
THE Souldiers Companion OR MILITARY GLORY Display'd In a True and Impartial Description of all the Memorable Battels and Fights by Land and Sea c. That have been fought in Europe Asia Africa and America for upwards of Six hundred Years deduced from the Conquest of England by the Normans Anno 1066 to the last fight in Hungary Anno 1687. Wherein is contained the manner of marshalling Armies and Fights of divers Nations the Policies and Stratagems of Emperours Kings Princes and great Captains of several Ages together with their Success or Misfortunes on sundry Occasions drawn and collected from the most Authentick Histories and Relations Antient and Modern c. To which is added Seasonable Advice to young Souldiers and Officers c. Together with the Art of Gunnery and preparing Artificial Fire-works for War or Recreation with other things and Matters necessary to be known on the like Occasion By J. S. Timidi nunquam statuerunt Tropaeum Mars Dubius victorque cadit victusque resurgit Qui fugit Huic merito nulla corona datur LONDON Printed for Nath. Ponder at the Peacock in the Poultrey 1688. LICENSED And Entred according to Order THE PREFACE TO THE READER READER it frequently appears by the Histories of all Nations that Military Glory has not only taken up the Thoughts but the Business of the most Illustrious part of Men in courting which they have not only spared to expose themselves to all the hazards and dangers imaginable but pressing on even beyond the sense of danger have performed to their immortal Fame such Heroick Enterprises and Actions as have shaken the belief of many into the highest degree of Incredulity especially such as have received them upon bare report naked and unadorned with the many Circumstances that attended them wherefore I have thought it highly convenient at this juncture to restore if possible their belief by giving them a true Relation of the many famous Battels and Sea-Fights that have been fought under the leading of Emperours Kings Princes and Great Captains the most expert of their times in Warlike Discipline with their various Success and Fortune Nor may it serve less to incite or inflame the Valiant where a Just cause offers an Invitation Precedents of this Nature always being attended with powerful Motives to stir up even the Pusilanimous at least to conceive a generous esteem of great Atchievements and kindle in Heroick Minds a restless Flame not to be extinguished but by Death Themistocles that Noble Graecian whose Fame reaches to the end of Time having seen the Triumph of Miltiades for a Victory he had obtained could not as the story of him goes sleep but became altogether restless till he found Opportunity to enter upon a command wherein he became the Bulwork and Glory of his Country and it is reported of the Great Julius Caesar first Emperour of Rome that whilst he was but in a low Station seeing the Statue of Alexander the great and being sensible what vast Kingdoms and Countries that Monarch had subdued and brought under his Subjection in a short spaoe he wept because being equal to him in years himself had not arrived at his Perfection and thereupon ceased not till he made almost all the then known World at his Devotion nor of this kind is he who was truly stiled the delight of Mankind and the Honour of our English Nation the wise and valiant Sir Philip Sidney to be omitted who reports of himself That hearing the Ballad of the fight between the Earls Piercy and Dowglass sung but by a common Chanter it raised in him such a desire of Martial Enterprises that he from that time coveted nothing more than to signalize his Valour in the Field which afterward became to his immortal Fame the wonder of the Christian World. Nor does this Treatise consist only of Battels c. but of the Policies Stratagems and Practices of the most Expert and Renowned Generals and Captains whereby they secured themselves in a retreat circumvented the Enemy or obtained the Victory To which a Scheme of Military Behaviour is added c. with the most material matters and things appertaining to Engenry especially as to what relates to Gunnery and Artificial Fire works c. with somewhat that refers to Fortification by which even the unlearned may have an insight into that great and curious Art and Mistery and be made sensible at once of the danger and advantage that attendâ— it which insight if it be his fortune to seek for Honour in the Field c. may greatly profit the Reader or if otherwise he will at least get this advantage by it to know in his Retirement what otherâ— have sought for not without effusion of Blood through innumerable hazards and dangers And so hoping it will prove advantageous not being perverted to a sinister end I humbly take leave to subscribe my self Reader Your devoted Friend and Servant J. S. ADVERTISEMENT REader be pleased to take notice that the Battel of Alcazar is by an unhappy Mistake placed out of due order and ought to have followed the Battel of St. Quintines after Page Folio 134. A POEM Recommended to the Reader upon the Perusal of the Book intitled The Souldiers Companion c. By a Person of Quality IF Fame and Martial Glory you affect Reader what more than 's here can you expect Or if you 'd know what in days past was doneâ— This Book informs you how much Fame was won How by their Valour Heroes got Renown How never-fading Laurels wreath'd their Crown And rising Monarchs grasp'd a lasting Throne Or won vast kingdoms to augment their own How Nations felt a sudden change of State And Fortune's treacherous smiles perceiv'd too late How Princes set in Blood how Armies fell How Plains with might heaps of Ruine swell How Rivers with a Crimson Torrent rise How th' Victors shouts and how the vanquish'd's crys Pierce thinner Air and rend the blushing Skies How clashing Arms a horrid discord bray And Earth-born Thunders cloud the Lamp of day How Iron Globes with Death pave all their way Whilst angry Vollies bellow'd o're the Plain And made it seem but one great Field of Flame Here you may count the number of the slain Or see the yielding Souldier on his Knee Begging for Life from 's enrag'd Enemy See others nobly bold maintain a fight And in despair to conquer take delight More in a noble death than slavish flight See those in rout cast every way their Arms Whilst hot pursuit their rear with slaughter storms Sad sights you 'l say but he who War will court Must steel his Heart and think the Danger Sport Yet safely you may sit and view a Sceen That fatal has to bleeding Nations been Nor is this all in it more things you 'l find That may more please a weak and tender mind Though it for Heroes chiefly was design'd With Magick Flame it treats the God of War And new created Fires adds to his Star. THE Souldiers
Companion c. The Relation of the Great and Memorable Battel fought in Battel Field in Sussex between Harrold King of England and William Duke of Normandy on Octob. 14. 1066. KING Harrold having no sooner defeated the Army of Norvigians and Danes in the North with exceeding slaughter in which of note fell Harfagar King of Denmark Tosto his Brother and Olave his Son but News was brought him that the Normans under the leading of their Duke were landed in the South whereupon he made such speed with his Army that before they could pass through the County of Sussex he was drawing out of London and so with the like celerity marched to give them battel after having sent back the Messenger who came from the Duke of Normandy to demand possession of the Kingdom by vertue of a promise he had made him when being a private man he was taken Prisoner upon his Coast so that both Armies pitching their Tents upon a great Plain now known by the name of Battel-field the King sent divers Spies to view the Norman Camp who being taken and presented to the Duke he generously feasted them causing them to be carried from Tent to Tent and then they were dismissed without any damage or detriment And now Duke William a second time sending to demand the Kingdom or a single Combat with King Harrold and both of them being refus'd as also another proffer which was to hold the Kingdom as a Feudetary of Normandy the Armies drew out on the 14th of October 1066 to try the Fortune of a King and Kingdom by more Swords than one when being set in array of Battel and incouraged on either side with moving Orations the bloody Blast was sounded and the Kentish Men who claimed the Avaunt-guard or From of the Battel as their Right moved and charged the Enemy in the Front with great fury the Battalions and Wings of Horse on the other parts doing the like yet keeping firm in their thick and closed Ranks so that what with the shot of Arrows and those that came to the Sword and push of Pike a bloody and doubtful Fight ensued nor could the Normans with the continual wheeling of their Horse and shot of Archers of which they mostly consisted dismay or disorder the English Battel thoâ— in their motions they shot a slaunt in the Air that the Arrows in their fall might disable the inmost Ranks and gaul the Horse which the Duke perceiving and finding that unless he could loosen the Battel it was in vain for him to expect the Victory nor had he any hope of return his Fleet being before fired at his command he ordered the Retreat to be sounded but â—n such a manner that the whole Army consisting of 50000 Horse and Foot might suddenly face about and charge at the Signal appointed to be given which Stratagem answered his Expectation for the English supposing the Normans fled suddenâ—y disranked to pursue them so that their Orders being open and the Duke rallying 〈◊〉 is Men broke in with a furious Charge â—nd made such slaughter that the ground was covered with heaps of the slain nor â—ould the King though he laboured to cast â—â—em into a thick Body restore the Battel â—ut as he was intent upon it he received the â—ot of an Arrow which entred his Brain â—nd of which Wound he fell down dead â—ter which a miserable slaughter ensued â—ough a party of the English cast themselves into a Ring and manfully resisted however being in the end routed on all parts there fell 97974 by the Sword and shot of Arrows amongst which were the King and his two Brothers Leosin and Grith together with the flower of the English Nobility and of the Normans not above 9000 and although their Duke escaped he had three Horses slain under him yet by this Battel so gained he won a Kingdom for the Land being thus deprived of her King and Nobles no farther resistance was made but all things were left to the disposal of the Conqueror who soon after caused himself to be Crowned King and is known in our Cronologies by the style oâ— King William the First or William the Conqueror Thus Normans fierce possess'd our fruitful Soile And stain'd with blood the famous British Isle Speed de vitae W. C. The Battels of Jerusalem or Jerusalem noâ— by the Armies of the Western Princes December 25. 1099. JErusalem being in the hands of the Infidels their unheard of Cruelties loudened the crys of the oppressed Christians anâ— obliged them to importune their Patriarch to implore the Christian Princes to send their Armies by Battel to rescue them from their Oppressors who accordingly sending his Letters full of lamentations by one Peter a Hermit with other proofs and attestations of the miseries they suffered in the Holy Land such credit was given to them that in a short time an Army of 300000 men were raised wearing on their Breasts red Crosses in token of their holy Warfare and were chiefly under the leading of Godfry of Bulloin Duke of Lorrain and his two Brothers Eustace and Baldwin Hugh brother to the French King Raymond and Robert Earls of Flanders Robert Duke of Normandy Son to William the Conqueror Stephen de Valois Earl of Chartires Adimer Bishop of Podolia c. and with this Army they passed the Hellespont covering the shores of Asia and brought a great Terror upon the Infidels who gathered what Forces they could to oppose the progress of such a War and were not altogether unsuccessful for Peter the Hermit advancing before the rest of the Army with 40000 men raised in the Territories of the Church being furiously charged by the Enemy lost the greatest part of his Forces and was obliged to retire with the rest to Civite a Town a little before abandoned by the Turks not daring to depart thence till the arrival of Duke Godfry when with their united Forces the Christians marched to the City of Nicea which they besieged and made themselves Masters of it in fifty days finding therein great Riches and many Persons of note amongst whom were the Turkish King Solyman's Wife and two Children and the King who came to the Relief of it with the whole power of the lesser Asia consisting of 60000 Horse and Foot was overthrown with such slaughter as covered the Fields with the dead Bodies and filled the Ditches with blood nothing being to be heard but crys and dying groans for the Christians following the Execution 40000 of the Infidels fell by the Sword which brought such a Terror upon those Parts that Cities and Towns were abandoned without so much as being disputed Antioch only of all in that large Tract held out yet made but a weak resistance for after a furious Assault it was taken which being known to the Garrisons of Iconium and Haraclea they surrendred upon the first summons still flying before the Victors and daily sending to his Cozen Axan the Persian Sultan for Aid but he not being able to
or attempt to hinder his Passage when at Bachichich he mustered his Forces and found them to consist of 800000 Horse and Foot of divers Nations and there he gave them general Pay not having suffered any of them to do the least Outrage or Injury to the People or their Goods through the Country they had passed The News of whose Approach coming to Bajazet as he lay at the Siege of Constantinople he rise and with his whole Power passed into Asia happily as the Tarter wished who would have been otherwise much put to it for Conveniency to transport so great an Army nor had Bajazet failed with a small Fleet to have prevented it However whilst Tamerlane was passing the Euphrates and taking the great City of Sabastia Bajazet joyned his Lieutenant in Asia so that their united Forces made no less than 500000 effectual men when meeting with the Governour oâ— Sabastia whom Tamerlane had sent to acquaint him with the Subversion of that City he demanded which was the greater Army he having seen both to which after craving pardon if speaking according to his Judgment he should offend That doubtless Tamerlane's must needs be the greatest seeing he was Lord of far greater Countries at which Bajazet laughing said to those that stood by Out of doubt the sight of the Tartars have made this Coward so afraid that he believes every one to be two The Armies by this time being come within sight of each other upon the large Plains of Sennas it was not thought by either General convenient to joyn Battel that Evening by reason the Day was far spent but to stand upon their Guard till the next Morning though several Skirmishes passed between the Turkish Avaunt-guard and the Parthean Horsemen in which a Turkish Officer being taken and carried before Tamerlane he caused him to be dismissed with a Command to tell his Master That now he was come to meet him in the Field as he had desired and that he might the better know him he should find him fighting under the Green Standard The Morning being come and either Army standing in Battel-array the charge was sounded whereupon the Wings began to move with great speed whilst the Prince of Ciracan Tamerlain's Lieutenant and Kinsman with 40000 Horse gathered in Parthia and Media charging the Avaunt-guard with great fury pierced the main battel and put the Janizaries into disorder But the Prince entering too far amongst their Ranks was slain and his squadron in the end over-borne whereupon Axalla with his squadron composed of Sciths and Parthians with such fury charged the Turks left Wing that cutting down all that opposed him he stopped not till he faced the Battalion of the Janizaries at what time the foot-men came to joyn him yet so valiantly did the Janizaries stand to their Arms in the middle of whom was the Person of their King that the fight continued bloody and doubtful for the space of an hour or more all the place being paved with dead Men and Horses till the Tartars overcharged gave ground which Tamerlain perceiving sent 10000 Horse to reinforce them and other 10000 to fight in the Rear ward whilst his foot-men fell on with the Turk main battel that was as yet unshaken and forcing their way opened a Passage to the Rear-ward of the Janizaries who sustaineâ— their charge for a considerable time buâ— being in the end over-power'd by number they were obliged to give ground when Tamerlain coming on with a Reserve of 50000 fresh Horse and charging through the Horsemen that covered the main battel of the Turks and the Foot-men already wearied and tired out making but weak resistance many of their prime Commanders being slain they were on all sides miserably beaten down by the Horsemen who with their Maces Poll-axes and Scimiters entering their Ranks made great slaughter so that losing Courage and Power to resist they betook themselves to flight and amongst them Bajazet wounded in his endeavouring to restore the battel who together with his Son Musa fell into the hands of Axalla as also did the Despot of Servia who were presented to Tamerlain Nor is it held by many thar had not the Subjects of the Mahometan princes press'd to the War â—n divers parts of Asia the less perceived â—heir natural Lords under the Tartars Banâ—er and in the heat of the fight gone over â—o them the Victory had gone with the Turks However in this fight which lasted â—om seven in the Morning till four in the Evening 80000 Tartars and 120000 Turks â—re computed to be slain and amongst the â—ormer of note only the Prince of Ciracan who was slain at the beginning of the fight and amongst the latter Mustapha Bajazets eldest Son with divers Bassa's and the Agâ— of the Janizaries And it is further confirmed that when Bajazet being a Prisoner was brought before Tamerlane that he askeâ— him the reason that moved him to War againâ— so noble a Prince as the Greek Emperour without any cause given to which he replyed Even the same Cause that moved you to invaâ— me viz. The desire of Glory and Sovereigmâ— And why said the Tartar Prince do you 〈◊〉 such Tyranny over those you Conquer withâ— respect of Sex or Age That did I said hâ— to give the greater Terror to my Enemies Aâ— Ah continued Tamerlane What would yâ— have done with me if it had been your Fortâ—â— to have had me in your Power I would saâ— Bajazet boldly replying as not conqueâ—â— though overcome Have put you in an Iâ—â— Cage and as a Trophy of my victory hâ—â— carried you throughout my Dominions Thâ— said Tamerlane It is but just that I serve 〈◊〉 in the like kind and thereupon commaâ—â—ing him out of his Presence a cage by 〈◊〉 Order was made for him in which he continued till in a desperate Mood he beat 〈◊〉 Brains out against the Bars of it And 〈◊〉 though Tamerlain pursuing this Victorâ—â— won all that which the Turks held in 〈◊〉 rope and most of that in Asia yet he dyâ—â— Mahomet Bajazets Son recovered it in few years by Policy and Force Thus we behold how fickle Fortunes Wheel Plays Tricks with mighty Ones and lets them feel How soon from th' top of Empire she can thrust Monarchs and lay their Glory in the Dust A Description of the Battel of Azin-Court sought in France between Henry the Fifth King of England c. and the Dolphin of France c. on the Plains near Azin-Court c. KING Henry the Fifth coming to the Crown after the Death of Henry the Fourth his Father and being of a Martial Spirit began to consider how by some great Exploit he might leave a Name and thereupon considering that Normandy Guien Aquitain and Anjou were the rightful Inheritances of the Kings of England and had without any just Cause been wrested from his Predecessors during the Intestine Troubles of this Kingdom he sent Ambassadors to Charles the French King to demand them but not only being denied it
but some Affronts put upon him he sent Antelop his Pursuvant at Arms with Letters of defiance and having discovered and escaped a Conspiracy against his Life laid by the Contrivance of the French who had promised several of his Nobles a Million of Gold to effect his Death he embarked with his Army for France and landed at Harflew in Normandy where he had Burdeaux and many Towns of Note put into his Hands in which he left Garrisons and placed in them English Artizens with small Resistance which made him resolve to pass through the Countries of Caux and Ewe to his Town of Calais though his Army consisted of no more than 13000 Foot and 2000 Horse and so set forward with easie Marches the Country in his way being all destroyed before him for the French having notice of what he intended had not only removed the Forrage and Provisions but destroyed and brake down the Bridges fell'd Trees and plashed Woods in the way he was to take raising in the mean time great Forces in all parts of the Country as not doubting but they had him and his Army at their Pleasure and indeed for want of Necessaries and by reason of the Difficulties the Soldiers were forced to struggle with many oâ— them in a short time became sick and infirm so that the King finding himself in a strait began to repent him that he had so far advanced into the Enemies Country as knowing should he now retreat he must fight his way wherefore he made some Overtures to the French Generals proposing to surrender several Towns he had taken in Normandy but they rejected these Propositions with Derision as not doubting but himself and them together with his small Army wherein were many of the English Nobility would be at their disposal and so confident were they herein that the three Generals viz. The Dolphin the Dukes of Burgundia and Orleans had conditioned and agreed amongst themselves for the Prisoners and Spoils and with their huge Army consisting of 150000. Horse and 10000 Foot many of the former being the Nobility and Gentry of the Kingdom who hoped to win Honour in such as they thought it an assured Enterprize they advanced apace so that King Henry a Man of an undaunted Courage seeing no way but to fight disposed his Army to the best Advantage placing in the front a competent number of Archers who carried beside their Bows and Swords long Stakes pointed with Iron to fix in the Ground slauntwise that when they retired they might secure them against the Horse And in a Meddow with a convenient Ditch to defend it he placed as in an Amubush five hundred Archers who lay within half shot of the French Wing whilst in the main Battel stood the men at Arms and the Horse divided into two Squadrons were to charge as advantage gave them Opportunity And now whilst the French who covered the Country were advancing in three main Battels as to assured Victory the King with a moving Oration exhorted his Captains and Souldiers For the Honour of their Country and their own safety not to faint but stand to it manfully and confiding in the justness of their Cause not to despair of Victory nor should for his part let France see him a Captive or England be put to the Charge of his Ransom as being resolved to dye with Honour if things came to Extremity And so the Charge being sounded the thick squadrons of the French who scarcely had room for an orderly march came furiously on and were when within shot met by a flight of English Arrows which gauling their Horses and dismounting divers of their Chiefs command was given to press on and come to a close fight thereby to frustrate the Archers of the use of their Bows at what time a furious charge being given the Archers retreated a few Paces and left bare a triple tire of pointed Stakes which till that time they had covered upon which the French Horse-men rushing a great number of their Horses were gored and sticking as it were altogether disabled barrocaded the English Army from the approach of the rest so that not only the Archers in the front continued to pour in their shot but likewise those in the Meadow that flanked the squadron of the Right Wing began incessantly to deliver their shafts which in a short time wrought such Confusion that the French finding no place to retire amongst the thick Ranks that still pressed on and wedged as it were each other in began to fall into disorder many of them disranking as not being able to manage their wounded Horses nor could their Foot conveniently advance to their relief so that the men of Arms breaking in with great fury and the English Horse charging their Right Wing a miserable slaughter ensued nothing but death and flight being seen on their part throughout the field whilst the King himself distinguished by a Crown he wore on his Helmet fought courageously piercing their main Battel forcing his Horse over heaps of the slain which the Duke of Alanso who commanded on that part perceiving broke through the formost rank in a desperate manner and charged with his Sword so forcibly that with the blow he bruised the Kings Crown and made him a little recoil but the King soon advancing gave him such a stroke as beat him to the Ground at which time he cryed out he was Alanso and begged for quarter notwithstanding which and though the King laboured to save him he was there slain and now the French began to retire in great disorder nor was it in the power of the Commanders to restore the battel which advantage the English perceiving had the Execution of them with such a fearful slaughter that it is reported by divers Historians and some of them their own that no less that 4000 Noble-Men Knights and Esquire were slain together with 100000 of the meaner sort though all agree the French lost 60000 in that defeat and so many Prisoners many of them of the first Rank were taken that the King fearing upon fresâ— Troops showing themselves upon the Hills which were indeed come too late to the battel as not hearing of the overthrow thaâ— being more in number than his own men if the French reinforced should rally anâ— come to another tryal they might fall upon his Rear in the battel caused them all except some of the Chief to be slain â—thâ— which although it was a bloody Sentencâ—â— yet Self-preservation at that time made it State Policy And soon after this Victory which he ascribed to God alone the King had not only Paris put into his Hands but Marrying Catharine Daughter to Charles the French King he was Crowned King of France in Reversion and possessed himself of all the Cities and Towns of that Kingdom except a few the Dolphin held out against him in Berry Nor did this Glorious Victory cost the English much Blood there being not above 2500 slain and of Note only Edward Duke of
left where a Train of 60 pieces of Artillery was placed and caused them to be discharged without Intermission upon the Horse-men who likewise opened their Orders to avoid the murthering shot which overthrew them by whole Ranks yet the thundring of the Cannon so amazed the Horse not used to hear such Noises nor see such deadly Engines vomit Flame that they would not be ruled but flouncing and floundring many of them cast their Riders yet Hysmael with his Squadron still charging the Right Wing composed of Asian Horse-men cut a great number of them in pieces but whilst Vsta Ogli his General was endeavouring to do the like in the other part and entering too far amongst the Ranks he was slain with a Harquibuss shot which much abated the Courage of his Men yet could they not be prevailed with to retire till Selymus advanced with the Battalion of the Janizaries yet he gained but small Advantage whereupon in a great Rage he commanded another Tire of Ordnance which he had left as his last refuge furiously to be discharged upon the fighting Squadrons by which means such slaughter was made as well of his own men as the Persians mingled together in the attack that what for the Dust Smoke and thundring of the Artillery having on both sides lost in a manner their Sight and Hearing the Persian Horse were now so terrified that they were no longer to be ruled but disranking in divers parts the battel became broken and disordered at what time Hysmael having received a slight Wound with a Harquibuss-shot was retired at the Intreaty of his Friends to have it searched and dressed and there having notice that his General was slain as also what further had hapned he caused the retreat to be sounded which was done in such order that the Turks durst not pursue them nor durst they seize upon their Camp till they knew they were out of sight in which they found divers rich Pavilions wrought with Needle-work and Gold as also many beauteous Ladies that had accompanied their Husbands to the Wars all of which he caused to be set at Liberty except one of Hysmaels Wives whom he gave in Marriage to one of his Bassa's In this Battel fought in the Galderan fields near the City of Coy Anno 1514 30000 Turks were slain and amongst them divers Bassa's and Men of Note even all the flower of the Army though of the Persians not above 8000 the chief of Note being the General and amongst the slain were found the bodies of divers Persian Women who armed had accompanied their Husbands to share in their good or evil Fortune at which Selymus admiring caused them to be honourably buried and soon after had Tauris and many other Cities put into his hands but in his return through hardships and such as were cut off by the Persians and Mountaneers who still hover'd about his Camp to take all advantages he lost near three parts of his Army Thus Selymus with slaughter flesh'd at home Plotting fresh Murthers through strange Lands do's roame Like a Hircanian Tiger scenting blood From cold Araxis to warm Nilus flood Hastes to augment the Crimson stream late shed A Discription of the great Battel fought between Campson Gaurus Sultan of Aegypt and Selymus the first of that Name Emperour of the Turks near Aleppo in Syria c. SElymus the year after his Persian Expedition having subdued the Kingdom of Aladeules the Mountain King under pretence of Damage done him by the Mountaineers in his return and getting the King into his Hands by treachery cut off his Head. Whilst he was taking some Towns belonging to the Persian Sophy whom he heard was warring against the Indians and Bactrians He had notice that Campson Gaurus Sultan of Aegypt was coming against him with a powerful Army levied in Aegypt and Judea in favour of his Allie the Persian as hating Selymus for his Cruelty to his Father Brethren and Nephews whereupon fearing he should pass the River Euphrates and spoil his Dominions in Asia he sent Ambassadors to him to treat about renewing the League that had been between him and his Father Bajazet But the young Princes Aladine Son to Mahomet Selymus's elder Brother and Aladeules Son to the murther'd King of that Name pressing the Sultan to restore them by his Arms in so just a Cause his Embassy was rejected whereupon thinking it no time to delay he resolved to give the Persians rest and turn his Arms against the Aegyptian Sultan and thereupon passed the Mountains with an Army of 300000 Men at three Places causing the rough Passages to be made smooth and the Straights to be opened for the more commodious passage of his Ordnance and Baggage so that in five days contrary to the Expectation or Belief of the Sultan he had passed the huge Mountain of Amanus with his whole Army and all his Baggage and Encamped in the Plains of Commegena where from Alis-Beg Governour of the Mountain Kingdom he had news of the Sultan's Army so that he immediately marched towards him when coming in sight of each other and the Battel on both parts resolved upon the Sultan divided his Army into four Battels the first he committed to Kerebeus the second to Sybevius the third to Gazzeles and the fourth himself reserved as a Battel of Succour as also to defend the Camp whilst on the other hand Selymus plac'd the Asian Horse-men in the Right wing and the European's in the Left and in the middle the battel of the Janizaries with the Artillery in the front of them and between the two Wings his Pentioners being Souldiers of great Experience and in this Order the Turks always fight if the Ground will permit it The Battels ranged and set in order Kerebeius with his Squadron charged the European Horse-men with great fury but resolved now to be revenged on the Sultan for the death of his Brother he intended nothing more than to betray his Trust and thereupon after the first Charge that he might seem yet to do something wheeling off he fell upon the Sculions and such other slaves as kept the Baggage making some small slaughter of them that at the same time like a cunning Traytor he might satisfie the Expectations of his Valour and yet penetrate the Treason But Sebeius the Governour of Damasco behav'd himself far otherwise for entring overthwart the Ranks of the Right wing of the Turks Army he with his Mamalukes charged with such fury that having made great slaughter of the Asian Horse-men he broke in like a Tempest bearing down all before him till he charg'd upon the Ensigns in the midst of the wing nor could Mustapha the Beglerbeg nor Imbrahor Bassa with all their Forces stand before him or restrain the flight of their Souldiers so that cutting in pieces the Right wing he resolutely thrust in between the Battalion of the Janizaries and Pentioners there making so unexpected and lamentable a slaughter that Selymus was in great danger of being taken
for by the breaking in of Sebeius he was divided from his Foot-men in whom he reposed his greatest Confidence and now the Janizaries being hardly charged by Gazzeles who following the Fortune of Sebeius were brought to great distress nor could the routed Wing find any place of Retreat In this Confusion and Disorder Sinan Bassa who had been but lightly skirmished with by Kayerbeius came in with the Left wing of Horse and staid the fury of the Mamalukes whereat the disperced Squadrons of the Turks rallying and taking fresh Courage wrung the Victory out of their hands which they could not have done had Campson slighted the Baggage and come in in time with his Squadron or Kayerbeius been true to his Trust but the other Commanders having performed all that could be expected from men of Courage and Conduct and now the thundering Ordnance playing upon the ingaged Squadron as they had before on the Persian Horse-men they found the Place too hot and thereupon seering together in a thick Troop they broke through the midst of those that had enclosed them making great slaughter of the European Horse-men and Pentioners and so retir'd towards the Camp and City of Aleppo and being pursued by Sinan Bassa whist Campson Gaurus endeavoured to stay the flight and restore if possible the battel he was borne from his Horse in the Crowd and by reason of his Age and the weight of his Armour not being able to relieve himself he was in that Hurry and Confusion troden to death and being afterward found amongst the slain was expos'd to the view of the People that they might not flatter themselves with his being alive In this great battel fought on the 17th of August 1516 no less than thirty thousand Turks were slain and about the like number of Egyptians and Mamalukes so that after two other mortal battels with Tomombeus whom the Mamalukes chose their Sultan after the death of Campson one in the great City of Caire which lasted three days with great Effusion of blood and the other upon the banks of Nilus no less dreadful all the Rich Countries of Egypt and Palestine fell into the hands of the Turks who possess it to this day for Tomombeus flying after the last Defeat was taken in a Marish among the Flags up to the Neck in Water and brought to Selymus who would not admit him to his Presence but after he had rid upon a rugged Camel with his Face to the Tail quite thro' the City of Caire in derision he was hanged upon a Hook under the Gate of that City and all the Mamalukes that could be found put to the Sword. Thus Turkish Cruelty do's wider spread And Death in Triumph by their Swords is Lead Glutted with Slaughter he no Famine feels But Drunk with Blood profusely shed He reels A Description of the fatal Battel of Nugis fought between Lewis King of Hungary and Selymus the First of that Name Emperour of the Turks at Nugis in the Kingdom of Hungary c. LEwis King of Hungary upon notice that Solyman was advancing to Invade his Kingdom with a powerful Army and not being able to obtain Assistance of the neighbouring Princes raised the whole Power of his own Country not amounting to above 30000 Men and those but slenderly skill'd in the Trains of War yet at the Perswasions of one Tomoreus who promised him assured Victory telling him he had it by Revelation the King young and unexperienc'd rejected the Counsel of some grave Captains who foresaw the Danger of fighting eight to one with an approved Warrior for Solyman approached with no less than 300000 Men and resolved to give the Turks battel so that it was not long e'r both Armys confronted each other near to a small Town called Nugis between Belgrade and Buda whenas the Turkish Commanders seeing the weakness of the King besieged his Camp for many days yet the said Tomoreus desisted not to promise him Victory and undertook to set the Army in Battel-array and indeed it was now too late to think of Retreating without fighting their way through so that the Foot being stretch'd in a long Line as commodiously as the Place would allow they were supported by the Horse almost in the like manner that they might not be absolutely inclosed or if they were by doubling their Lines they might cast themselves into a Ring or Oval battel whilst the Camp intrenched or barrocado'd with chain'd Wagons was left on the right hand to secure the approach on that part though but slenderly guarded and near thereunto was placed a Regiment of the most experienc'd Horse-men for the security of the King's Person who would not be perswaded to reserve himself for a better Day by withdrawing from the Camp e're the battel was joyned so that now the great Guns on either part begun to play furiously though doing little damage yet the Turkish Squadrons advancing upon the first Charge the Hungarian Horse gave ground and soon after broke their Array which so discouraged the Foot-men that they scarcely made any Resistance but throwing away their Weapons were miserably slain and in less than two hours space the whole Army was in Rout upon which the Turks following the Execution not above 5000 escaped all the flower of the Nobility of that Kingdom being slain and the King attempting to escape plunged with his Horse into a miry Place where none coming to his Assistance he was stifled nor did Tomoreus escape but fell to augment the number of the slain After this fatal Blow was given to Hungary which was follow'd by innumerable Calamities occasioned by Civil Dissentions Solyman entred Buda and taking out of the Castle divers Brazen Statues placed there by Matthias Corvinus he departed to Constantinople leaving the Kingdom in a manner desolate especially of its Nobility Thus Rashness see a mighty Ruine wrought And a free Kingdom to Subjection brought Which almost ever since has Groan'd with War And hides more slain than in 't the living ar ' A Description of the Battel of Pavye fought between Francis the French King and Charles Duke of Burbon Charles de Lenoy and the Marquess of Picara Generals for Charles the Fifth Emperour of Germany THE French and Imperialists contending for the Sovereignty of Italy with various Fortunes and Francis the French King endeavouring to recover the Dutchy of Millain the Duke of Burbon Charles Lanoy Vice Roy of Naples and the Marquess of Piscara drew out an Army to oppose his proceedings so that after some time spent in training their Souldiers and putting them in order it came to a pitched Field and the Generals exhorting their Souldiers to do their utmost Endeavours to gain Honour and Fame the great Ordnance began to thunder on either part but that of the French being on the lower Ground had much the Advantage the shot whereof passing through the Ranks of the German Horsemen greatly incommoded them which the Commanders perceiving drew their battels closer and after some doubtful
had not an unhappy Accident fallen out viz. All things being now in a readiness for the Attack as Renowned Drake advanced to this great Enterprize his Men perceived him to faint and to their unspeakable sorrow found the cause to proceed from the great effusion of bloud that had issued from his Leg wounded with an Arrow and filled the prints of his foot-steps the which though it much pained him he concealed till his Men discovered it as loath to dismay them well knowing they would not suffer him to perish and if they forsook their station to carry him on board they could not at that time regain it and so it happened for although they would have hazarded much for such a booty yet they thought their Captain 's life of greater moment that both the Indias so that having refreshed him a little with some Cordials and bound up his Leg as well as the Juncture would permit they intreated him to go on board but finding him unwilling to remove rather choosing to hazard his life than retire from so great an advantage they partly by intreaties and partly by force constrained him to Embarque and so for the safety of their Captain were content to forgoe a treasure of inestimable value yet in the Harbour they took a Ship richly laden with Wines and other Commodities in this undertaking of the English few were lost but of the Spaniards near 100 killed and wounded and though he sped not in this place yet sailing in those new discovered Parts of the World he took may Towns and sundry Rich Prizes returning victorious with much Treasure and Applause Thus Drake Renown'd the second Neptune stil'd In their new world th' insulting Spaniards foil'd And in wide Tracts discovers unknown Stars Whilst England's Fame to both the Poles he bears Views what e'er Phoebus sees in his vast round And Lands unnumber'd then unknown he found Wild Nations him Adoring as a God Whilst he in Triumph on the Ocean rode Their Crowns and Scepters yielding to his hands Whose Name yet fair in Fames large Record stands A Description of the Memorable Battel foughâ— between Hasan Bassa General for Amurath the Third of that Name Emperour of the Turks and the Confederate Princes of the Empire A Murath the Third of that Name Emperour of the Turks having obtained a small Victory over the Persian Sultan and growing proud of his acquirement restless and impatient of Peace called hiâ— Bassas to consult what War was most convenient to be undertaken the succeeding Spring amongst whom were eight different Opinions whereof the first was to reâ— new the War against the Persians the second to Invade the Kingdom of Fess anâ— Morocco the third to War upon Spain thâ— fourth to besiege Malta the fifth to Waâ— upon the Venetians the sixth against Sigiâ—mund King of Poland the seventh to Invade the Territories of Rodolphus the German Emperour all which together with the several Reasons moving thereto being patiently heard by Amurath the last was approved so that resolving to turn his Arms on Hungary c. he raised huge Forces in all his Dominions as longing for the remaining part of that Kingdom and the Principality of Austria wherefore the better to be at leisure he concluded a Peace with the Persian Sophy ordering his Garrisons on the Frontiers to prosecute thoir Advantages with Fire and Sword which they improving seized upon Willitz the Metropolis of Croatia and committed therein many outrages and still increasing in power they suddenly and unexpectedly inclosed 6000 Foot and 500 Horse of the Christian Forces that had taken the Woods Mountains and straight Passages and cuâ— them almost all in pieces loading with their heads six Waggons which sudden Eruption so Alarmed the Christian Printes that they incontinently raised a great Power to put a stop to the progress of the infidels who had by that time taken many Towns Castles and strong Holds and â—est Amurath should alledge that these unexpected Hostilities were committed without his knowledge the Emperour Rodolphus sent an Ambassadour to Constantinople to understand the reason why without any cause he had broken the League but not being able that way to get any satisfactory answer he prepared more vigorously for War causing his Forces to joyn with those already raised by the Electoral Princes c. under the command of Rupertus Eggenbert his General who upon the approach of the Enemy consulted with his Chief Commanders what was best to be done and they being all of opinion that it was best speedily to give Battel thereby to prevent their joyning such other Forces as were advancing to their Aid it was Resolved that the Army consisting of 40000 horse root should immediately advance which they did with much celerity in good Array yet not so secretly but the Turkish Commanders had notice of it and put themselves in order to receive them and so confident were they of obtaining the Victory that they dreamt of nothing but the spoil of the Christians whom they already concluded overthrown by reason of the disproportion of number they being indeed much inferiour in number 〈◊〉 the Infidels yet had the Imperial General so ordered his Battel that placing thâ— Hussars and Croats in the Van-guard those of Carolslad and the Harquibusiers of Serina in the left Wing in the right the Borderers of Carrania all Horsemen and in the main Battel the rest of the Soldiers with the Horse-men of Silesia under the command of Sigismund Paradiser the Reerward was incompassed or guarded with three Companies of Switzers nor were the Turks less diligent in Marshalling their battel placing their best Footmen in the front and extending their Wing of horse to great advantage Thus things being in a readiness on either part the Charge was sounded whereupon the Croats and Hussars in the Vaunt-Guard gave the first onset with such fury that being seconded by the Lord Aremsberg they after a cruel fight broke through the Squadrons of the Turks main battel with their huge Swords making fearful slaughâ—er and wide desolation insomuch that the stoutest gave way nor could Hassan Bassa their General with threats and promises Restrain it but still shrinking together in fearful manner and both the Wings broken by the Imperial horse who fell upon them with a tempest of shot by which a great number of them were overwhelmed this great Army consisting of 80000 horse and foot fell into rout and confusion in less than three hours space and although Hasan Bassa indeavoured to make an orderly retreat yet he could noâ— do it for the Christians following furiously and charging upon those that fled raised in them such a fear to prevent the Sword that urged them behind that in hastily passing the River Odder a great number of them were strangled in the Waters and those that stay'd in a fearful manneâ— on the banks to search for the foards were most of them miserably slain so that those who remained disranked and soughâ— every where to save themselves by
fear of punishment from those lawless enterprises which otherwise they would be continually putting in practice to the great disquiet if not subversion of the State or Kingdom for which tranquility and quiet Repose a Souldier may with the least Imputation to be layed to his charge of arrogating vain glory to himself conclude in some measure his Country beholden to him nor has it been held amiss to count the profession of Arms one of the noblest and most to be esteemed amongst all others not only for the causes I have mentioned but for sundry other pregnant Reasons for by it Men's fortunes are Raised many times from the lowest degree to the very top of Greatness and not only their Fortunes but their Fame which continues as a grateful Remembrance to their Country and an honour to their Posterity nor can the profession be said to be beneath the Regard of those of the Noblest rank seeing the fortunes of Empires and Kingdoms are so often cast in the Ballance and require not only Valour but Caution Experience and sound Judgment to rescue them from many dangers Nor must those that would be truly accounted brave in this way be unfurnished with good qualities and moral Virtues as Prudence Conduct Valour hardiness patience but above all seeing a Souldier carries his Life in his hand he must be indued with Religious and Pious Principles that his Conscience being at peace the terrors of Death and consequently of a fearful Judgment after it may not terrifie or deter him from undertaking any Enterprize that is brave and daring for although a man given up to wickedness may when danger is afar off seem bold and desperate yet when Death stares him in the face the thoughts of his Immortal state will trouble him and the twinges of Remorse maketh his Courage flag there are many things more necessary to be known to which great Regard ought to be had and especially When a young Gentleman in what station soever enters the Army without prejudice to his Reputation he ought to understand that he is obliged to shew great Respect to those that are his Superiours in Place or Command a civil Respect to his Equals and to have a Love and Charitable Regard to his inferiours or such as are under his Command that in so doing he may win their affections to stand by him in the greatest Extremity for especially where the Souldiers love their Officer they will never leave him in any action and gain to him a great deal of Reputation when on the contrary they will many times shrink from him in the heat of the fight sacrificing their honour to their Revenge wherefore although his Courage be never so great he is obliged to yield to Invincible necessity yet it is more honourable to be taken Prisoner than to turn his back and fly for if he be once suspected of Cowardice it will be very difficult to raise his sinking Reputation and in many things it is better to confess Ignorance than be Presumptious to undertake any thing he understands not for those to whom he makes such an ingenious acknowledgment will rather compassionate than deride him and take pleasure to instruct him to shew their own Experience and Reward his modesty nor is it any dishonour to ask advice upon Important occasions by way of opinion nor need he therein discover his own weakness but by a kind of a secret Inquiry inform himself in what may prove advantageous There are some General Rules that ought to be known by all especially by Commanders viz. that a Captain of Horse ought no more to dispute the command with a Captain of Foot in a Garison than the other ought to do it with him in the Field for in doing it he would very much wrong his judgment nor ought an elder Captain in a younger Regiment to expect he should without peculiar Orders or an extraordinary Commission command a younger Captain in an elder Regiment for their Rank is otherwise according to the Antiquity of the Regiment and not according to the Date of the Commission nor is there a small respect required from subalternates to their Superiours respectfully in all places thereby to gain love credit and applause even of the meanest and thus having made a small Essay not unnecessary to be taken notice of by young Souldiers and Officers I shall now proceed to speak something of Gunnery whereby those that are desirous to become Engeniers may in some measure be advantaged in their first undertakings and then to speak of Artificial Fire-Works and their use as they relate to War and Recreation that nothing material may be omitted that can be conceived necessary for the Adornment of this Work. That Arts and Arms may equally be twyn'd Mars and Minerva in one Circle joyn'd To give more lustre to the warlike Scene By making publick that which envies screene In darkness shades as loath to let it see The long'd for light where it so fain would be THE YOUNG Engeniers Master-piece OR A TREATISE of GVNNERY In all its material Parts and Particulars guiding and directing in what of that kind relates as well to Sea as Land. In knowing and managing any piece of Ordnance to the best Advantage on all Occasions and sundry other Matters and things highly necessary to be known c. AS for the Person who will undertake to be an expert Gunner it is highly requisite that he be not unskilful in or a stranger to the Mathematicks whereby he will be incapacitated to work any Proportion by Rule and consequently be obliged to manage his undertaking by guess rather than by any certain Rule nor is the Art of Geometry to be neglected seeing height breadth and depth as well as lengths are to be observed in this kind of mensuration that so the plot of any piece of Ground or convenient distance may be taken to advantage And as for the Necessaries wherewith he ought to be provided I hope few or none that proceed to this undertaking are ignorant yet I think it not amiss to mention what is requisite that none may plead ignorance and in this case they must have in a readiness the following Materials viz. Spare Wheels and Axeltrees Rammers Ladles or Scoups Sheep-skins well wooled for Sponges to clear the Piece Canvas or strong Paper to make Cartrages when the Piece is hot and will not Indure loose Powder without siring it as soon as it is cast in of which more hereafter as for shot of all kinds according to the undertaking he ought to be stored together with Artificial Fireworks and Torches dark Lanthorns c. hand Spikes Budgbarrels Baskets Match and a well armed Linestock with a pair of Compasses called Caliber Compasses to take the exact Diamiter of the shot and the bore of his piece ever observing to charge according to the thinnest part of the Mettal thereby to prevent breaking and another thing necessary is to be observed viz. When a piece to be fired lyes upon a
Scots entered England as far as Durham when King Edward preparing to meet them marched to York and there making a halt sent the Lord Montacute to oppose and hinder their further Progress but being encountered on Hedgly Moor by the Lords Hungerford and Ross together with Sir Ralph Peircey he after a sharp dispute took Sir Ralph Prisoner which success incouraged him to pass on and give battel to King Henry who lay encamped at Hexam where both Armies striving to do their utmost devoir a bloody conflict ensued but many being slain and much blood spilt divers of the Commanders wounded and disabled and taken Prisoners Victory declared against King Henry who finding himself unfortunate in War fled into Scotland in this battel 5600 were slain and the Duke of Somerset with three other Lords and one Knight taken Prisoners who were all beheaded And now King Henry returning privately into England in disguise was taken Prisoner and carried to the Tower so that Edward seem'd established in his Throne yet Fate not satisfied with English Blood though the wounded Nation had bled such Streams as made her faint and languish another cruel War arose and the Factions began again to bandy as fierce as ever for Warwick who was called afterwards the make King of those Times being sent to solicite a Marriage between King Edward and the Lady Bona Daughter to Lewis Duke of Savoy and having finished his Negotiation to the liking of the Lady and her Father found upon his return thaâ— the King was married to Elizabeth the Widdow of Sir John Gray slain in upholding the Cause of King Henry at which the Eatâ— supposing his Honour that had been ingaged in the Savoiards Court greatly to suffer grew much inraged and finding mean to withdraw himself joyned with diver Nobles raised a Power and proclaimeâ— King Henry declaring for him and epousing his Interest growing on a suddeâ— so strong that King Edward was forced tâ— draw out his Army and march against him pitching his Camp at Wolney four Milâ— from the Plain on which Warwick was encamped but his Guards being negligent and the Earl having notice thereof entereâ— the Kings Camp and took him Prisoner yeâ— used him very courteously allowing him for his Keeper his Brother George Nevilâ— Arch-Bishop of York who suffering him tâ— ride abroad a hunting and to follow otheâ— Recreations till one day being with a slender Guard far from the Castle and meeting a great Troop of his own Men those thaâ— were with him durst not speak to him 〈◊〉 returning to his Confinement but were glaâ— to leave him behind them and escape for their Lives so that being again at Liberty he was received by his Army with great Joy and passed to London to the great discontent and dislike of the Earl of Warwick Things being at this pass Sir Robert Wells Son to the Lord Wells raised an Army of 30000 consisting mostly of the Commons of Lincolnshire on the behalf of King Henry in revenge of which King Edward caused the Lord Wells and Sir Thomas Dimmock his Kinsman to be beheaded and so marched to fight Sir Robert when charging furiously upon the unexperienced Plebeans they scarcely sustained the second shock but throwing away their Coats and Weapons fled for their Lives from whence it was called the Battel of Loose-Coat-Field and the Execution â—eing hotly pursued by the inraged Soulâ—iers 10000 of them are accounted to be â—ain As for Sir Robert Wells and Sir Thomas Deland who commanded under him â—hey were taken Prisoners Upon the News of this Defeat the Earl of Warwick and the Duke of Clarence Brother to King Edward â—ed to Callais but being denied entrance â—hey departed thence to the Court of France where they found Queen Margaret where gathering great Forces they returned to England every where proclaiming King Henry so that the People from all parts hasted to their Standart as well the Nobles as the Commons viz. the Earl of Pembrook the Lord Faulconberg and others so that marching towards London and King Edward finding his Mandates in many places disobey'd thought it not convenient in that juncture to attend the Sequel but with divers of his trusty Friends leâ—â— England and fled to his Brother-in-Law the Duke of Burgundy who had a little before married his Sister so that King Henry waâ— Re-in-throned but continued not long iâ— that Estate before King Edward returned landing in the North with a small Army proclaiming King Henry as he passed and pretending he came only as a private maâ— to possess himself of his Inheritance bâ— which means deceiving the People hâ— surprized the City of York and having garrisoned it pulled off the Vizor and marched towards London reconciling himself by the way thro' the means of a Maiâ— who had been brought up by the old Dutches of York to his Brother the Duke of Clâ—rence whereupon the Citizens opening their Gates and every where proclaiming him King Henry was again taken Prisoner anâ— send to the Tower and now the whole weight of the War lying upon Warwicks shoulders he desperately resolved to carry the day or fighting courageously dye in the Bed of Honour and thereupon directed his March towards London out of which King Edward drew his Forces to meet him and on Easter Day joyned Battel near Barnet since known by the Battel of Barnet-field where either of the Generals impatient of so tedious a War drew on their Forces with great force and fury Warwick charging upon the Kings Squadron broke in with his Sword and made such Distruction that they fled on that part and the Battel had gone on his side had there not been a mistake in part of his Men who by mistaking their Cognizances charged upon their fellows which making them suspect some Treason or sudden Revolt they threw down their Weapons and fled which Warwick perceiving and not finding it in his power to retain them or restore the Battel though he laboured by Example and Perswasion to do it resolving not to out-live the day â—he rushed furiously amongst the Squadrons of the Enemy and there fighting valiantly fell upon the heaps of the slain and with him died his Brother the Lord Montacute and three other Lords were slain on the part of King Edward and of the meaner sort on both sides 20000. The News of this defeat made known to Queen Margaret and Prince Edward her Son by such as fled the field she took Sanctuary in the Abby of Ceerne but the Lords that escaped the Battel of Barnet rallying their scattered Forces gave King Edward another Battel at Tewxbury in which they were overthrown with the loss of 3000 men and of Note the Earl of Devonshire and the Duke of Somerset's Brother there likewise Prince Edward was taken and soon after stabbed by Crook-back'd Richard Duke of Glocester in the Presence of King Edward and soon after King Henry was murthered and his Queen taken from Sanctuary and put to a great Ransom Thus stop'd the Stream of Blood
of prosecuting a Victory we might â—zard the receiving an Affront In the mean while the Duke of Bavaria having caus'd it to be view'd and none of them being there found we pursued them but the Pursuit was not long After we had march'd a very little time we perceived they had entred into Retrenchments which we could scarce believe tho' we saw it with our Eyes These Retrenchments had indeed been made in haste and we saw they had not had time to compleat them but as their scituation was advantageous for they were between a Morass and a Wood it was not judg'd convenient to advance further without first using mature consideration We perceived it to be the Grand Visiers Camp which was confirmed to us by some Prisoners who inform'd us that there were still several fresh forces that had not as yet stirred out of it This occasion'd new thoughts as also for that the head of this Camp was defended by a battery of twelve Pieces â—f Ordnance which began to speak to us in Thunder It was still further augmented in a moment and the Turks fearing that the Imperialists would undertake to force them notwithstanding so many difficulties fell to work in our very fight to stop up â—â—me Passages that were as yet quite open â—â—y and we perceived a Man with a Turbaâ—t all beset with Jewels and a stately Vestment give his Orders without seeming to be under the least Concern We judg'd as well by his Character as from the richness of the things mentioned that if it was not the Grand Visier it was at least a Person of very great Eminency among them This whetted the Greediness of the Soldiery who being vex'd that they had fought so long without having got any thing ask'd why they stopp'd at such small Impediments The Elector was altogether of the same Opinion but the General Officers about him having given him to understand that the undertaking to force those Râ—orenchments without Cannon would be too great a venture several Pieces were brought up which were plac'd battery-wise with wonderful Expedition The greater part of the Retrenchment being only of Dirt and Mud having been hereby levell'd in a trice all of a sudden we saw the Cavalry march without staying for Orders telling each other that if they could but pass they were enriched for ever That of the Turks seeing it coming with so much resolution grew daunted and without staying for its coming up fled cowardly away abandoning the Infantry to the Discretion of the Conquerors The Janizaries were startled at the Desertion of their Horse nevertheless they marched up to the breach which they defended with such Courage as was near a-kin to despair But the Cavalry having open'd it self a passage thro' other Places they were quickly surrounded and put to the Sword. The rest of the Infantry suffered very much and none escaped but the most ready at their heels All the Tents were found in the Camp which the Elector having entred made directly up to that of the Grand Visier which was observable for its extraordinary Wealth and for several marks which are peculiar to the Generals of those Barbarians He found no body in it nor about it tho' it was well worth the pains of looking to as well in regard of its self as of what it contain'd In the mean while the Duke of Lorrain advanced and complemented his Electoral Highness upon the happy success of that day but having not leisure to enlarge much upon that he gave Dunewaldt orders to pursue the Runaways and detach'd ten thousand Horse for that Expedition This General found some of the Fugitives on the way but making directly to the Bridge which the Turks had o're the Drave he found the main body had pass'd it and had broke the Bridg after them But the shore was all strew'd with Cloaths and Bodies lay floating o're the River Two Bassas and several of the Principal Officers were taken Prisoners with about 800 common Souldiers and the dead ten times as many The Conquerors got all the Canon consisting in 90 Pieces of Ordnance and twelve Mortar-pieces with Tents Camels Waggons and Elephants in abundance with all other sorts of booty almost beyond Imagination This Victory cost the Imperialists not above 600 men as they themselves say and as others eighteen hundred Thus does the God of Battels make each man His Power and Might in every Action own And that 't is he that rules the World alone THE SECOND PART THE Souldiers Encouragement Or the Nobleness of his Profession highly to be prized and esteemed in a modest and brief Essay containing the necessity of it in all Empires Kingdoms and Estates with Directions to a young Soldier or Officer worthy os his notice c. HAving thus far Reader proceeded to give you an Account according to what I find in the best Historians of such memorable Battels as upon which for the most part depended the fates of Kingdoms and the great Captains of sundry Nations thereby to raise in them a thirst for and a desire to Military Glory which is for the most part attended by Fame and Renown I shall continue to say something that may yet prove more profitable and advantageous especially to the young Souldier and first of his usefulness and the Nobleness of his Profession c. As there are but chiefly four conditions or main supports in a Civil Life viz. the Sword the Gown Trade and Husbandry so these are so linked together that the one can but badly subsist without the other and rarely the latter without the former for as the Gown makes and administers wholesome Laws to hinder the stronger from oppressing the weaker and to deter evil-minded men through sear of punishment those Laws would be frequently violated contemned by such as would violently break through them to execute their own wicked purposes and advantages were not they protected by the Sword which over-aws offenders by carrying with it a Power sufficient to put them in execution nor could the Merchants securely pass the Seas to Inrich by Foreign Traffick their Native Land were they not frequently Convoyed by a Power sufficient to guard and protect them from Pirates and Sea-Rovers who contemn all Laws and measure the success of right and wrong by violence and force of Arms to the ruin of peaceable and industruous men or how could the laborious Husband-man gather the fruits of his Labour and the Increase of the Earth did not the fear of Punishment restrain such as otherways would spoil and waste them or convert to their own use what never caused any sweat to descend upon their brows nor does any thing in a State more contribute to its greatness and tranquility than an orderly and well governed Souldiery who are at all times ready to expose their Lives to the utmost hazard and danger in righting Injuries and affronts done to their Prince or Country so that as well the Enemies at home as those abroad desist through