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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A12471	The true travels, adventures, and observations of Captaine Iohn Smith, in Europe, Asia, Affrica, and America, from anno Domini 1593. to 1629 His accidents and sea-fights in the straights; his service and stratagems of warre in Hungaria, Transilvania, Wallachia, and Moldavia, against the Turks, and Tartars ... After how he was taken prisoner by the Turks, sold for a slave ... and escaped ... Together with a continuation of his generall History of Virginia, Summer-Iles, New England, and their proceedings, since 1624. to this present 1629; as also of the new plantations of the great river of the Amazons, the iles of St. Christopher, Mevis, and Barbados in the West Indies. All written by actuall authours, whose names you shall finde along the history.	Smith, John, 1580-1631.; Cecil, Thomas, fl. 1630, engraver.	1630 (1630)	STC 22796; ESTC S111906	69,204	79

furnished with all necessaries being about the number of an hundred and since increased to an hundred and fifty persons whereof many were old planters of Saint Christophers especially Master Anthony Hinton and Master Edward Tompson But because all those Iles for most part are so capable to produce and in nature like each other let this discourse serve for the description of them all Thus much concerning those plantations which now after all this time losse and charge should they be abandoned suppressed and dissolved were most lamentable and surely seeing they all strive so much about this Tobacco and that the fraught thereof and other charges are so great and so open to any enemie by that commodity they cannot long subsist And it is a wonder to me to see such miracles of mischiefes in men how greedily they pursue to dispossesse the planters of the Name of Christ Iesus yet say they are Christians when so much of the world is unpossessed yea and better land than they so much strive for murthering so many Christians burning and spoiling so many cities villages and Countries and subverting so many kingdomes when so much lieth vast or only possessed by a few poore Savages that more serve the Devill for feare than God for love whose ignorance we pretend to reforme but couetousnesse humours ambition faction and pride hath so many instruments we performe very little to any purpose nor is there either honour or profit to be got by any that are so vile to undertake the subversion or hinderance of any honest intended christian plantation Now to conclude the travels and adventures of Captaine Smith how first he planted Virginia and was set ashore with about an hundred men in the wilde woods how he was taken prisoner by the Savages by the King of Pamaunke tied to a tree to be shot to death led up and downe their Country to be shewed for a wonder fatted as he thought for a sacrifice for their Idoll before whom they conjured him three dayes with strange dances and invocations then brought him before their Emperor Powhatan that commanded him to be slaine how his daughter Pocahontas saved his life returned him to Iames towne releeved him and his famished company which was but eight and thirty to possesse those large dominions how he discovered all the severall nations upon the rivers falling into the Bay of Chisapeacke stung neere to death with a most poysoned taile of a fish called Stingray how Powhatan out of his Country tooke the kings of Pamaunke and Paspahegh prisoners forced thirty nine of those kings to pay him contribution subjected all the Savages how Smith was blowne up with gunpowder and returned for England to be cured Also how hee brought our new England to the subjection of the kingdome of great Britaine his fights with the Pirats left alone amongst a many French men of Warre and his ship ran from him his Sea-fights for the French against the Spaniards their bad usage of him how in France in a little boat he escaped them was adrift all such a stormy night at Sea by himselfe when thirteene French Ships were split or driven on shore by the I le of Ree the generall and most of his men drowned when God to whom be all honour and praise brought him safe on shore to all their admirations that escaped you may read at large in his generall history of Virginia the Summer Iles and New England CHAP. XXVIII The bad life qualities and conditions of Pyrats and how they taught the Turks and Moores to become men of warre AS in all lands where there are many people there are some theeves so in all Seas much frequented there are some pyrats the most ancient within the memory of threescore yeares was one Callis who most refreshed himselfe upon the Coast of Wales Clinton and Pursser his companions who grew famous till Queene Elizabeth of blessed memory hanged them at Wapping Flemming was as expert and as much sought for as they yet such a friend to his Country that discovering the Spanish Armado he voluntarily came to Plimouth yeelded himselfe freely to my Lord Admirall and gave him notice of the Spaniards comming which good warning came so happily and unexpectedly that he had his pardon a good reward some few Pirats there then remained notwithstanding it is incredible how many great and rich pr●zes the little barques of the West Country daily brought home in regard of their small charge for there are so many difficulties in a great N●vy by wind and weather victuall sicknesse losing and finding one another they seldome defray halfe the charge but for the grace state and defence of the Coast and narrow Seas a great Navy is most necessary but not to attempt any farre voyage except there be such a competent stocke they want not wherewith to furnish and supply all things with expedition but to the purpose After the death of our most gracious Queene Elizabeth of blessed memory our Royall King Iames who from his infancy had reigned in peace with all Nations had no imployment for those men of warre so that those that were rich rested with that they had those that were poore and had nothing but from hand to mouth turned Pirats some because they became sleighted of those for whom they had got much wealth some for that they could nor get their due some that had lived bravely would not abase themselves to poverty some vainly only to get a name others for revenge covetousnesse or as ill and as they found themselves more and more oppressed their passions increasing with discontent made them turne Pirats Now because they grew hatefull to all Christian Princes they retired to Barbary where although there be not many good Harbours but Tunis Argier Sally Mamora and Tituane there are many convenient Rodes or the open Sea which is their chiefe Lordship For their best harbours Massalqueber the townes of Oran Mellila Tanger and Cuta within the Streights are possessed by the Spaniards without the Streights they have also Arzella and Mazagan Mamora likewise they have lately taken and fortified Ward a poore English sailer and Dansker a Dutchman made first here their Marts when the Moores knew scarce how to saile a ship Bishop was Ancient and did little hurt but Easton got so much as made himselfe a Marquesse in Savoy and Ward lived like a Bashaw in Barbary those were the first that taught the Moores to be men of warre Gennings Harris Tompson and divers others were taken in Ireland a Coast they much frequented and died at Wapping Hewes Bough Smith Walsingam Ellis Collins Sawkwell Wollistone Barrow Wilson Sayres and divers others all these were Captaines amongst the Pirats whom King Iames mercifully pardoned and was it not strange a few of these should command the Seas Notwithstanding the Malteses the Pope Florentines Genoeses French Dutch and English Gallies and Men of Warre they would rob before their faces and even at their owne

haec nobis testimonia habuit ut majori licentia frueretur qua dignus esset jam tendet in patriam suam dulcissimam Rogamus ergo omnes nostros charissimos confinitimos Duces Principes Comites Barones Gubernatores Vrbium Navium in eadem Regione caeterarum Provinciarum in quibus ille residere conatiu fuerit ut idem permittatur Capitancus libere sine obstaculo omni versari Haec ●cientes pergra●um nobis feceritis Signatum Lesprizia in Misnia die Mensis Decembris 9. Anno Domini 1603. Cum Privilegio propriae Majestatis SIGISMVNDVS BATHORI UNIVERSIS singulis cujuscunque loci status gradus ordinis ac conditionis ad quos hoc praesens scriptum pervenerit Guilielmus Segar Eques auratus aliàs dictus Garterus Principalis Rex Armorum Anglicorum Salutem Sciatis quod Ego praedictus Garterus notum testatumque facio quod Patentem suprascripium cum manu propriapraedicti Ducis Transilvaniae subsignatum Sigillo suo affixum Vidi Copiam veram ejusdem in perpetuam rei memoriam transcripsi recordavi in Archivis Registris Officii Armorum Datum Londini 19. die Augusti Anno Domini 1625. Annoque Regni Domini nostri CAROLI Dei gratia Magnae Britanniae Franciae Hiberniae Regis Fidei Defensoris c. Primo GVILIELMVS SEGAR Garterus SIGISMVNDVS BATHOR by the Grace of God Duke of Transilvania Wallachia and Moldavia Earle of Anchard Salford and Growenda to whom this Writing may come or appeare Know that We have given leave and licence to Iohn Smith an English Gentleman Captaine of 250. Souldiers under the most Generous and Honourable Henry Volda Earle of Meldritch Salmaria and Peldoia Colonell of a thousand horse and fifteene hundred foot in the warres of Hungary and in the Provinces aforesaid under our authority whose service doth deserve all praise and perpetuall memory towards us as a man that did for God and his Country overcome his enemies Wherefore out of Our love and favour according to the law of Armes We have ordained and given him in his shield of Armes the figure and description of three Turks heads which with his sword before the towne of Regall in single combat he did overcome kill and cut off in the Province of Transilvania But fortune as she is very variable so it chanced and happened to him in the Province of Wallachia in the yeare our Lord 1602. the 18. day of November with many others as well Noble men as also divers other Souldiers were taken prisoners by the Lord Bashaw of Cambia a Country of Tartaria whose cruelty brought him such good fortune by the helpe and power of Almighty God that hee delivered himselfe and returned againe to his company and fellow souldiers of whom We doe discharge him and this hee hath in witnesse thereof being much more worthy of a better reward and now intends to returne to his owne sweet Country We desire therefore all our loving and kinde kinsmen Dukes Princes Earles Barons Governours of Townes Cities or Ships in this Kingdome or any other Provinces he shall come in that you freely let passe this the aforesaid Captaine without any hinderance or molestation and this doing with all kindnesse we are alwayes ready to doe the like for you Sealed at Lipswick in Misenland the ninth of December in the yeare of our Lord 1603. With the proper privilege of his Majestie SIGISMVNDVS BATHOR TO all and singular in what place state degree order or condition whatsoever to whom this present writing shall come William Segar Knight otherwise Garter and principall King of Armes of England wish health Know that I the aforesaid Garter do witnesse and approve that this aforesaid Patent I have seene signed sealed under the proper hand and Seale Manual of the said Duke of Transilvania and a true coppy of the same as a thing for perpetuall memory I have subscribed and recorded in the Register and office of the Heralds of Armes Dated at London the nineteenth day of August in the yeare of our Lord 1625. and in the first yeare of our Soueraigne Lord Charles by the grace of God King of great Britaine France and Ireland Defender of the faith c. WILLIAM SEGAR CHAP. IX Sigismundus sends Ambassadours vnto the Emperour the conditions re-assured He yeeldeth up all to Busca and returneth to Prague BVsca having all this time beene raising new forces was commanded from the Emperour againe to invade Transilvania which being one of the fruitfullest and strongest Countries in those parts was now rather a desart or the very spectacle of desolation their fruits and fields overgrowne with weeds their Churches and battered Palaces and best buildings as for feare hid with Mosse and Ivy being the very Bulwarke and Rampire of a great part of Europe most fit by all Christians to have beene supplyed and maintained was thus brought to ruine by them it most concerned to support it But alas what is it when the power of Majestie pampered in all delights of pleasant vanity neither knowing nor considering the labour of the Ploughman the hazard of the Merchant the oppression of Statesmen nor feeling the piercing tormēts of broken limbes inveterated wounds the toilsome marches the bad lodging the hungry diet and the extreme misery that Souldiers endure to secure all those estates and yet by the spight of malicious detraction starves for want of their reward and recompences whilest the politique Courtier that cōmonly aimes more at his owne honors ends than his Countries good or his Princes glory honour or security as this worthy Prince too well could testifie But the Emperor being certified how weak and desperate his estate was sent Busca againe with a great Army to trie his fortune once more in Transilvania The Prince considering how his Country subjects were consumed the small means he had any longer to defend his estate both against the cruelty of the Turke the power of the Emperor the small care the Polanders had in supplying him as they had promised sent to Busca to haue truce till messengers might be sent to the Emperour for some better agreement wherewith Busca was contented The Ambassadours so prevailed that the Emperour re-assured vnto them the conditions he had promised the Prince at their confederacie for the lands in Silesia with 60000. ducats presently in hand and 50000. ducats yearely as a pension When this conclusion was knowne to Moyses his Liestenant then in the field with the Army that would doe any thing rather than come in subjection to the Germans he encouraged his Souldiers and without any more adoe marched to encounter Busca whom he found much better provided than he expected so that betwixt them in six or seven houres more than five or six thousand on both sides lay dead in the field Moyses thus overthrowne 〈◊〉 to the Turks at Temesware and his scattered troopes some one way some another The Prince vnderstanding of this so sudden and unexpected

Throne nor Chaire of Estate but crosse legged upon a rich Carpet as doth the Turke whose Religion of Mahomet with an incredible miserable curiositie they observe His Ordinarie Guard is at least 5000 but in progresse he goeth not with lesse than 20000. horsemen himselfe as rich in all his Equipage as any Prince in Christendome and yet a Contributor to the Turke In all his Kingdome were so few good Artificers that hee entertained from England Gold-smiths Plummers Carvers and Polishers of stone and Watch-makers so much hee delighted in the reformation of workmanship hee allowed each of them ten shillings a day standing fee linnen woollen silkes and what they would for diet and apparell and custome-free to transport or import what they would for there were scarce any of those qualities in his Kingdomes but those of which there are divers of them living at this present in London Amongst the rest one M● Henry Archer a Watch-maker walking in Morocco from the Alfantica to the Iuredea the way being verie foule met a great Priest or a Sante as they call all great Clergy-men who would have thrust him into the durt for the way but Archer not knowing what he was gave him a box on the eare presently he was apprehended and condemned to have his tongue cut out and his hand cut off but no sooner it was knowen at the Kings Court but 300. of his Guard came and broke open the Prison and delivered him although the fact was next degree to Treason Concerning this Archer there is one thing more worth noting Not farre from Mount Atlas a great Lionesse in the heat of the day did use to bathe her selfe and teach her young Puppies to swimme in the river Cauzeff of a good bredth yet she would carrie them one after another over the river which some Moores perceiving watched their opportunitie and when the river was betweene her and them stole foure of her whelps which she perceiving with all the speed shee could passed the river and comming neere them they let fall a whelpe and fled with the rest which she tooke in her mouth and so returned to the rest a Male and a Female of those they gave Mr. Archer who kept them in the Kings Garden till the Male killed the Female then he brought it up as a Puppy-dog lying upon his bed till it grew so great as a Mastiffe and no dog more tame or gentle to them hee knew but being to returne for England at Saffee he gave him to a Merchant of Marsellis that presented him to the French K●ng who sent him to King Iames where it was kept in the Tower seven yeeres After one Mr. Iohn Bull then servant to Mr. Archer with divers of his friends went to see the Lyons not knowing any thing at all of him yet this rare beast smelled him before hee saw him whining groaning and tumbling with such an expression of acquaintance that being informed by the Keepers how-hee came thither Mr. Bull so prevailed the Keeper opened the grate and Bull went in But no Dogge could fawne more on his Master than the Lyon on him licking his feet hands and face skipping and tumbling to and fro to the wonder of all the beholders being satisfied with his acquaintance he made shift to get out of the grate But when the Lyon saw his friend gone no beast by bellowing roaring scratching and howling could expresse more rage and sorrow nor in foure dayes after would he either eat or drinke In Morocco the Kings Lyons are all together in a Court invironed with a great high wall to those they put a young Puppy-dogge the greatest Lyon had a sore upon his necke which this Dogge so licked that he was healed the Lyon defended him from the furie of all the rest nor durst they eat till the Dogge and he had fed this Dog grew great and lived amongst them many yeeres after Fez also is a most large and plentifull Countrey the chiefe Citie is called Fez divided into two parts old Fez containing about 80. thousand housholds the other 4000. pleasantly situated vpon a River in the heart of Barbarie part upon hils part upon plaines full of people and all sorts of Merchandise The great Temple is called Carucen in bredth seventeene Arches in length 120. borne up with 2500. white marble pillars under the chiefe Arch where the Tribunall is kept hangeth a most huge lampe compassed with 110. lesser under the other also hang great lamps and about some are burning fifteene hundred lights They say they were all made of the bels the Arabians brought from Spaine It hath three gates of notable height Priests and Officers so many that the circuit of the Church the Yard and other houses is little lesse than a mile and an halfe in compasse there are in this Citie 200. Schooles 200. Innes 400. water-mils 600. water-Conduits 700. Temples and Oratories but fiftie of them most stately and richly furnished Their Alcazer or Burse is walled about it hath twelve gates and fifteen walks covered with tents to keepe the Sun from the Merchants and them that come there The Kings Palace both for strength and beautie is excellent and the Citizens have many great privileges Those two Countreyes of Fez and Morocco are the best part of all Barbarie abounding with people cattell and all good necessaries for mans use For the rest as the Larbes or Mountainers the Kingdomes of Cocow Algier Tripoly Tunis and Aegypt there are many large histories of them in divers languages especially that writ by that most excellent Statesman Iohn de Leo who afterward turned Christian. The unknowen Countries of Ginny and Binne this six and twentie yeeres have beene frequented with a few English ships only to trade especially the river of Senaga by Captaine Brimstead Captaine Brockit Mr. Crump and divers others Also the great river of Gambra by Captaine Iobson who is returned in thither againe in the yeere 1626. with Mr. William Grent and thirteene or fourteene others to stay in the Countrey to discover some way to those rich mines of Gago or Tumbatu from whence is supposed the Moores of Barbarie have their gold and the certaintie of those supposed descriptions and relations of those interiour parts which daily the more they are sought into the more they are corrected For surely those interiour parts of Affrica are little knowen to either English French or Dutch though they use much the Coast therefore wee will make a little bold with the observations of the Portugalls CHAP. XIX The strange discoveries and observations of the Portugalls in Affrica THe Portugalls on those pars have the glorie who first coasting along this Westerne shore of Affrica to finde passage to the East Indies within this hundred and fiftie yeeres even from the Streights of Gibralter about the Cape of Bone Esperance to the Persian Gulfe and thence all along the Asian Coast to the Moluccas have subjected many great Kingdomes erected many

Common-wealths built many great and strong Cities and where is it they have not beene by trade or force no not so much as Cape de Verd and Sermleone but most Bayes or Rivers where there is any trade to bee had especially gold or conveniencie for refreshment but they are scattered living so amongst those Blacks by time and cunning they seeme to bee naturalized amongst them As for the Isles of the Canaries they have faire Townes many Villages and many thousands of people rich in commodities Ordoardo Lopez a noble Portugall Anno Dom. 1578. imbarquing himselfe for Congo to trade where he found such entertainment finding the King much oppressed with enemies hee found meanes to bring in the Portugalls to assist him whereby he planted there Christian Religion and spent m●st of his life to bring those Countreyes to the Crowne of Portugall which he describeth in this manner The Kingdome of Congo is about 600. miles diameter any way the chiefe Citie called St. Savadore seated upon an exceeding high mountaine 150. miles from the Sea verie fertile and inhabited with more than 100000. persons where is an excellent prospect over all the plaine Countreyes about it well watered lying as it were in the Center of this Kingdome over all which the Portugalls now command though but an handfull in comparison of Negroes They have flesh and fruits verie plentifull of divers sorts This Kingdom is divided into five Provinces viz. Bamba Sundi Pango Batta and Pembo but Bamba is the principall and can affoord 400000. men of warre Elephants are bred over all those Provinces and of wonderfull greatnesse though some report they cannot kneele nor lye downe they can doe both and have their joynts as other creatures for use with their fore-seet they will leape upon trees to pull downe the boughes and are of that strength they will shake a great Cocar tree for the nuts and pull downe a good tree with their ruskes to get the leaves to eat as well as sedge and long grasse Cocar nuts and berries c. which with their trunke they put in their mouth and chew it with their smaller teeth in most of those Provinces are many rich mines but the Negars opposed the Portugalls for working in them The Kingdome of Angola is wonderfull populous and rich in mines of silver copper and most other mettalls fruitfull in all manner of food and sundry sorts of cattell but dogges fl●sh they love better than any other meat they use few clothes and no Armour bowes arrowes and clubs are their weapons But the Portugalls are well armed against those engines and doe buy yearely of those Blacks more than five thousand sl●ves and many are people exceeding well proportioned The Anchicos are a most valiant nation but most strange to all about them Their Armes are Bowes short and small wrapped about with serpents skinnes of divers colours but so smooth you would thinke them all one with the wood and it makes them very strong their strings little twigs but exceeding tough and flexible their arrow●s short which they shoot with an incredible quic●nesse They have short axes of brasse and copper for swords wonderfull loyall and faithfull and exceeding simple yet so active they skip amongst the rockes like goats They trade with them of Nubea and Congo for Lamache which is a small kinde of shell fish of an excellent azure colour male and female but the female they hold most pure they value them at divers prices because they are of divers sorts and those they use for coine to buy and sell as we doe gold and silver nor will they have any other money in all those Countries for which they give Elephants teeth and slaves for salt silke linnen cloth glasse-beads and such like Portugall commodities They circumcise themselves and marke their faces with sundry flashes from their infancie They keepe a shambles of mans flesh as if it were beefe or other victuall for when they cannot have a good market for their slaves or their enemies they take they kill and sell them in this manner some are so resolute in shewing how much they scorne death they will offer themselves and slaves to this butchery to their Prince and friends and though there be many nations will eat their enemies in America and Asia yet none but those are knowne to be so mad as to cat their slaves and friends also Religions and idolls they have as many as nations and humours but the devill hath the greatest part of their devotions whom all those Blacks doe say is white for there are no Saints but Blacks But besides those great Kingdomes of Congo Angola and Azichi in those unfrequented parts are the kingdomes of Lango Matania Buttua ●ofola Mozambeche Quivola the Isle of Saint Lawrence Mombaza Meli●da the Empires of Monomatopa Monemugi and Presbiter Iohn with whom they have a kinde of trade and their rites customes climates temperatures and commodities by relation Also of great Lakes that deserve the names of Seas and huge mountaines of divers sorts as some scorched with heat some covered with snow the mountaines of the Sunne also of the Moone some of crystall some of iron some of silver and mountaines of gold with the originall of Nilus likewise sundry forts of cattell fishes Fowles strange beasts and monstrous serpents for Affrica was alwayes noted to be a fruitfull mother of such terrible creatures who meeting at their watering places which are but Ponds in desart places in regard of the heat of the Country and their extremities of nature make strange copulations and so ingender those extraordinary monsters Of all these you may reade in the history of this Edward Lopez translated into English by Abraham Hartwell and dedicated to Iohn Lord Archbishop of Canterbury 1597. But because the particul●rs are most concerning the conversion of those Pagans by a good poore Priest that first converted a Noble man to convert the King and the rest of the Nobility sent for so many Priests and ornaments into Portugall to solemnize their baptismes with such magnificence which was performed with such strange curiosities that those poore Negros adored them as Gods till the P●iests grew to that wealth a Bishop was sent to rule over them which they would not endure which endangered to spoile all before they could bee reconciled But not to trouble you too long with those rarities of uncertainties let us returne againe to Barbary where the warres being ended and Befferres possessed of Morocco and his fathers treasure a new bruit arose amongst them that Muly Sidan was raising an Armie against him who after tooke his brother Befferres prisoner but by reason of the uncertainty and the perfidious treacherous bloudy murthers rather than warre amongst those perfidious barbarous Moores Smith returned with Merham and the rest to Saffe and so aboard his Ship to try some other conclusions at Sea CHAP. XX. A brave Sea fight betwixt two Spanish men of