Selected quad for the lemma: kingdom_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
kingdom_n	city_n	king_n	lord_n	4,004	5	3.6249	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A62355	Italy in its original glory, ruine, and revival being an exact survey of the whole geography and history of that famous country, with the adjacent islands of Sicily, Malta, &c. : and whatever is remarkable in Rome (the mistress of the world) and all those towns and territories mentioned in antient and modern authors / translated out of the originals for general satisfaction, by Edmund Warcupp, Esquire.	Schottus, Franciscus, 1548-1622.; Warcupp, Edmund.	1660 (1660)	Wing S891; ESTC R14486	337,341	355

turning on the left hand after having met with many fruitfull Hills and the ruins of an antient Castle you come to the Burrough S. Michael which hath a fair Church dedicated to the blessed Virgin wherein they have seen many miricles and many Paper Mills being 5. miles from Verona then following the way a little on the right hand one findes the Baths helpfull for the Sterility of Women and to refresh the Reyns where the Learned Calderino was born who after lived in Rome T is reported that there stood an antient Castle and that the Church of Saint Matthew the Apostle was a Temple of Juno Opposite whereto upon a Hill is seen il Castllo Soave built in a lovely site by the Scaligeri a little forwarder is Monte Forte a Town belonging to the Veronian Bishoprick upon the very confines as on the other side on the confines is the Burrough Saint Boniface On that part which looks towards the North-East are some plains well inhabited That part looking towards the South begins from the Porta Nova and goes to Lonigo a Cologna wherein is nothing remarkable more than its fertility and the head of the River Tartaro and on that side towards Mantoua 17. miles distant from Verona is the Island Scala so well replenished with people and goods that it hath in some sort the face of a City Towards the West before Verona lies a Stony untild Champion or Downs but famous for divers deeds of Arms there performed by great Captains T is said that Sabino Giuliano who would have gotten the Empire was there by Carino Cesare overthrown and flain that Odouacro King of the Herlui and Turcillingi having by violence obteyned the Kingdome of Italy forcing out Augustolo and therein tyranized some yeers was in this place discomfited in a Battel of three days by Theodorick King of the Ostrogoths That Lamberto Son of Guidon King of Spoleto was there overcome with 14000. Hungarian Souldiers by Berengarius That some yeers after by Gugone Arelatense Arnoldo Captain of Baviera with a potent Army of Germans was there cut in pieces whom the Veronians first called into Italy for King against Hugone and had received into their City as victorious and triumphant That there likeness was overcome and deprived of his Kingdom the second Berengarius by Rodolfus Borgondus and that in antient times in that place were fought many Battels of no less consequence than obaining or losing of the Kingdom of Italy with various success But as to what Biondo saith that in that Down C. Marius vanquished the Germans and the Cimbrians who made a furious incursion into Italy 't is very uncertain because Historians much differ in describing the place where that memorable Act was performed Thence one may go to Villa Franca and Sanzeno rich Villages confines to the Mantoua Territories but if from those Downs one take towards the South having passed many Villages you arrive at Peschiero a strong Castle but of ill Ayr 14. miles from Verona seated on the Banks of the Lake Garda where the River Menzo hath its source and on the left side of the Lake five miles further off most ill way stands Rivoltella and two miles onward Desensano the confines of Verona On that part of Verona towards the North-west are many Hills placed in the form of a Theatre where they are stocked with fertile Vineyards and so much adorned with beautifull Palaces and Gardens that the prospect at a distance much pleaseth within these Hils is the Vale Paltena inhabited and Fertil and following the plain appear many and stately Palaces on the banks of the Adice which runs through that Campagna At 10. miles distance from Verona upon the ascent of certain little Hills may be beheld the Valley Pulicella replenish't with many Castles great Towns behind which begin the Mountains of Trento they say that in the said Valley there are two teats of Stone cut with a Chizel which constantly distill a water wherewith if a Woman having lost her Milk bath her Nipples it will return in great abundance Returning to Verona by the Adice on one fide is the foot of the Mountain Baldo and many Castles and Burroughs On the other fide a plain to Peschiera and there begin the Mountains which are on the right hand-shore of the Lake there stands Bardolino where those incomparable Figs grow whereof Soliman Emperor of the Turks delighted to discourse of with the Christian slaves as also Gardo which gives name to the Lake and many other Castles In this place is to be admired the vastness of the Venetians Minds who conveyed over those rough and mountainous places both Galleys and Ships armed in all particulars to fight in the Lake with Filippo Visconse Captain of the Milanesians Mount Baldo whereof somewhat is spoken formerly ought here to be set before all the Mounts of Italy being 30. miles in circumference affording excellent and rare plants and some veins of Copper The Lake GARDA ANtiently the Castle Benaco gave name to this Lake where now is Tusculano but at present it takes name from Gardo aforenamed This Lake from Peschiera which lies on the South of it is 35. miles long towards the North and from Salo on the West shore to Garda or Lacice on the East is 14. miles broad It is very tempestuous and many times raises waves as high as Mountains which at certain seasons of the yeer makes it dangerous to navigate and this they believe proceeds from the enclosure of the winds by the Mountains hindring by their surrounding its issuing out Wherefore Virgil saies Fluctibus fremitu assurgens Benace marino This Lake affords well-relisht fish in great plenty but chiefly Trouts Carps and Eels whereof Pliny speaks at large Eight miles from Peschiera runs a neck of Land in to the Lake two miles long which seems to divide the Lake Here antiently was Sirmione which gave birth to Catullus the Poet but now remains nothing but a small Castle though abounding with all delitiousness On the same side is Rivoltella and Disensano a principal Market Town of those parts not defective in any thing But on the other shore there are many fair Castles among others Salò Prato di Fame where the Bishops of Trent Verona and Brescia may each standing in his own Diocess shake hands The Country there is pleasant bearing Olivs Figs Pomegranates Lemons Citrons and other fruitfull Trees which there flourish much by having the River Lake on one side and the Mountains on the other defending it from blasting winds and affording the reflex of the Sun all day from its rise to the setting which renders it one of the beautifullest places of Italy The number of the People inhabiting this Valley and Lake of Garda shall be given in the Description of the Valleys BRESCIA BRescia by the Romans Brixia is seated 20 miles from Disensano which a direct Road leads unto

expence and for the beauty of the structures of all sorts for that the Governors of the Emperor Charls the 5th and after them of Philip King of Spain of later yeers Presidents or Viceroyes in the Kingdome of Naples have wonderfully enlarged and forti fied her with a new wall bul wark Ditches Towers Castles in so much that she is now almost invincible She is furthermore full of regard for the many and magnificent Churches Colledges Courts Palaces of Princes and other great Men as also for many old reliques of antient houses Epitaphs Statues Sepulchres Collumns Altars Marbles with most artificial and fair engravings and other things which to recite would take up too much Room here Among the rest any one may meet contentin the grand ruines of the Quadrate Temple of Castori which though the fire hath consumed for the most part yet appears before it a part of a most beautifull porticue with six prime Pillars of Marble with their cornishes yet a foot of Corinthian architecture wonderfull for their vastness and the art they are wrought with they have for Capitols some Cesti Iron Clubs used among the Graecian wrestlers to which were tyed with leather straps or dryed Sinews balls or bullets of lead which in theit Olimpick games they use to hurl or cast which with the Foliage and revolts represent a becoming covering and on the Frise to which the Rafters are fixed may be read a greek inscription which clearly manifests that this was the Temple of the Castori and that the Greek language was in use among the Neapolitans when the Roman Empire flourished which is also confirmed by the characters by the vast expence of the whole work by the exquisit perfectiō of the art in the Ti●…pano or triangular Frontispiece of the roof upon these Collumnes were carved many images of the Gods which the Flames and Age have for the most part consumed On the Tres●…el was figured an Apollo on one the other side of it lies Earth and Water in the form they are usually figured that is in form of a body half raised up half lying along naked to the Navil Earth hath the right hand holding in its left the horn of the Copia the rest cannot be discerned being too much broken and ruinated The Churches of our Religion are there in excellent order and rich as well as many and so well placed as pleasant flowers for beautifying a Garden For example the Church of S. Chiara enjoying a great and fair monastery was very magnificently built by Santia the Spanish Queen and wife of King Roberto who by others is named Agnese which the antient Kings of the noble house of D●…razzo have made famous with their sumptuous Tombes and in San Domenico is the Sepulchre of Alfonso the first and of many other Kings Queens and Princes and what is more important the Image of that Crucifix which spake unto San Tomaso d'Aquino these words Tomaso tu hai scritto bene di me Thomas thou hast written well of me and that of Oliveto so also in other Churches you may see many proud depositories and memorials of the Kings of Spain of the Heroes and other Princes with statues of Marble as if natural In the Church of San Giovanni dalla Car boniera is the Sepulchre of King Roberto whose praises were writ by all learned men among the rest by Petrarcha and Boccaccio In that of S. Maria Nova lye interred the bones of Odetto Foix named Lotrecce and of Pietro Namarro of Consalvo Ferrando Cordovese and in the most religious Tabernace of San Giannuacio are preserved many holy reliques of Saints Where once in the yeer at least they shew one by one all those worthy objects as bones of Saints and other Reliques enclosed in gold and Silver with pretious stones with the pretious gifts bestowed by Kings and Princes and other things Among which with great reverence is the head of S. Gianuario Bishop of Pozzuolo the Martyr and his bloud stil remaining in a glass vial though dryed and become hard through time which vial when brought to the Altar is set near the head of the Martyr on the Corner of the Chorus and the blood to admiration begins to become liquid and to boyl as new wine in the must as hath been annually observed and seen by all not without great stupour Thence you go to the Annunciata a Church famous through the great devotion there exercised and rich through the many offerings made to it as also for many reliques of Saints of importance among others two small bodies of a foot and half long yet entire covered with the skins of innocent Children slain by Herode the King at the time our Saviour was born in Bethlehem the wound of one is in the head the other in the breast Contiguous with which lies an hospital built like a spatious Castle wherein are maintained as their condition age and health require two thousand souls therein are also brought up children of the poorer sort more than eight hundred between orphane and exposed infants as well males as females instructed in letters and art according to their inclination till they become great 'T is a pleasure to see and observe their several diligent exercises and works and this custome of Christian Charity is certainly very comodious which as Corona Pighius observes resembles Platoes Republique in part and imitates that Economical government of the Apes described by Xenefonte and by Virgil the Prince of Poets described and de painted so well to the similitude of Platoes City Castle Nuovo the name is new although built more then 300 yeers since by the Brother of San Lodovico King of France who was Charls the first King of Naples and Count of Anjou to the end he might thence aid the City and the Port against the maritimate inroads of enemies Alfonsus the first of this name King of the Arragonians restored it within our memory after he had expelled the French and subdued the Kingdom and so well fortifyed it that t is now held one of the strongest Forts of Italy more especially since the last Kings the Emperor Charls the 5th and Philip his Son compleatly furnished it and all the other Forts of this City with victuals good souldiers and all other necessaries and engines of war to keep off the Enemy In the midst of this large Castle stands the pompous Palace of the governors furnished with royal and most lovely houshold-stuff wherein the King or Emperor may find a comodious receipt for all his Court strangers are astonisht at the engines of war the Artillery the great quantity of Iron Bullets the murrions inlayed with gold and Silver the Shields the swords the Launces and the other preparation for war there continually preserved and that admiration becomes much lessened at the view of the said palace so richly laden with tapistry of silk interwoven with Jewels and gold the engraving the statues pictures and the other noble furniture Thence

third book of the Roman history whence issuing forth by an obscure breach he at unawares put to sack the quarters of the Captain Clodi●…s and of the rest who were at the siege who never conceived the least thought of it Whither at this day any subterranean wayes or caverns leading from the Vineyards to the mouth of the Mountain are found out I cannot tell Pighius assuredly tells us that he observed at the top of the mountain about the mouth certain vents whence proceeded a continual heat wherein putting his hand he perceived clearly a heat although small and without smoke or vapour but our Country man Raymond observed in his view there a certain hill rising in the midst of the Vorago that still vomits thick smoke which he saies the fire within hath raised within few years that it dayly encreaseth and when grown to a fuller bulk Caveat Neapolis Thus much touching the Vesuvius Between the mountain Vesuvius and Attella in the Mediterran●… are scituate Mereliano Acerra and Sessola at present ruinated of old possessed by the Camps of the Leborini where the Romans and the Samnity fought most fiercely hither reach those mountains of Capua called by the Antients Tisata and those that extended towards the Mole Northwards here is Forche Caudino and other Castles with many inhabited places among which the chief is the Castle of Aciola at the foot of these mountains lies Caserta the City and Country of the great Cardinal Santorino called Santa Severina near which lye Maddalone Orazano and Argentino Behind Tifata on the back of the Mountain is scituate Sarno flowing with waters by means of the River Sarno which there takes its rise these are mediterranean places about Naples and Campana whence you go to the Marca The Kingdom whereof Naples is the Metropolis cōmenceth from Latium that part where the River Ufente runs into the Terreno Then towards the Apenines it passeth to Terracina thence to Frigella or Ponte curvo Ceperano Rieti Tagliacozze a Ducal City and Matrice where Trent begins its source Then follow the way along the River for eighteen miles to Colonia de gli Ascolani where the River dischargeth it self into the Adriatick Sea that part of the Kingdome opposite to the Promontory called of old Leucoperta now Capo Dell'armi respecting Sicilia is distant from Poggio forty eight stadii each of which contains 125 paces whose head is called Tarlo T is 418 miles of way to go by Terracina Bossento and Reggio towards Naples This Kingdom of Naples is one thousand four hundred and sixty eight mile in circuit whereto some have assigned ten provinces others nine others seaven and we thirteen The Terra di Lavoro taking in Naples hath three Arch-Bishops twenty five Bishopricks one hundred sixty six Castles surrounded with walls and one hundred and sixty Towns the Principality named Di quà on this side hath twelve Cities two hundred and eighteen Castles the Principality Di là beyond eleaven Cities one hundred forty and one Castles the fairest among which is Consa La Ba●…ilicata hath ten Cities ninety three Castles the fairest Venesa La Calabria di quà hath ten Cities one hundred sixty two Towers and Villages La Calabria di là wherein is Reggio hath sixteen Cities and one hundrd and thirty Castles The Province of Otranto hath besides Brindesi thirteen other Cities and one hundred fifty eight Castles or Towns The Province de Bari hath fourteen Cities and fifty Castles La Capitaota thirteen Cities and fifty Towns whereof the most notable is Manfredonia The Countrey of Moliseo four Cities one hundred and four Castles the fairest Trivento L'abruzzo di quà hath five Cities one hundred and fifty Castles the chief Teate L'Abruzzo di là besides Aquila hath four other Cities and two hundred eighty four Castles but with more brevity to speak of them this Kingdom hath twenty Arch-Bishopricks one hundred twenty five Bishopricks ten Principalitys twenty three Dutchies thirty Marquisates fifty four Earld omes with authority over their subjects fifteen Lords who have jurisdiction four hundred forty three petty Lords with title and authority a thousand Towns enclosed with walls and villages in great number The most famous Islands of this Kingdom are Enaria Procida Lipari and thirteen others of small fame The Offices of this Kingdom are great Comestable who is Viceroy Grand Justiciary Grand Admiral Grand Chamberlain Grand Prothonotariy Grand Mareschal Grand Chancellor as also the Sindico or Judge who publiquely performs his office in attending the busine●…s of the City Naples which hath five kindes of assembly of the Nobles di Nido di Porta Nova di Capuana di Montagna di Porto which congregations or assemblies although under other denominations the City Capua likewise enjoyes Many Cities most antient and adorned with signal conditions have been in this Kingdom whose memory is yet in being except Osea Metaponto Sibari and others hereafter spoken of The Foster Children of this Kingdome truly famous in Letters were Archita Eurito Alemeone Zenone Leucippus Parmenides Timeus Ennius Lucillus Pocuvins Horatius Ovidius Statius Juve●…al Salustius Cicero and San Thomasus besides others more modern I wil be silent of such sommi Pontifici or Popes the Emperors Kings the valorous Captains of war and the thousands of Prelates Princes and Heroes as likewise of the male and female Saints who perpetually contemplate the Countenance of God as this Kingdom hath happily given birth to These following have been Lords of the Kingdom of Naples to wit the Greeks the Goths the Vandals the Longobards Sarazens the Turks the Hormeni the Suevi the French the Catalonians the Arrago●…ians the Flemmings or Spaniards and sometime the not to be forgotten Romans The Journey towards POZZUOLO THe Mountain Pausilippus though very high is well manured with vineyards and rich Townes also in old time as we collect from Pliny and others it extends into the Sea in form of a Promontory and shuts up the way between Naples and Pozzuolo and was an intollerable toyle to the Travellers to pass over or go round it before t was cut in two t is now by the industry of the passengers through their hollowing it for the head and levelling it for the feet become the mistress of waies being strait plain and easy therefore the Graecians to the purpose by a word in their tongue called it Pausilippo as if they would say a remover of troubles and labour by which surname the Graecians of old called Jupiter as we read in Sophocles The mountain is hollowed within for one thousand paces in length twelve foot wide and as much more in heighth on which as Strabo writes two Carts may commodiously meet and pass under earth Seneca calls the cavern Cripta Neapolitana though now the name is changed for Grotta where he writes to Lucullus in the 58. epistle to have run the whole fortune of the Atlesi for that he found copiously in a part of the muddy way implaistrings and in the same cavern abundance of the dust

you may see the Castle Del'ovo so named for that the shelf which there in largeth it self to the similitude of an Island retains an oval form Collanutius writes that this Fort was built by William the third a Norman and thence called Normannica which afterwards Alfonsus the first King of the Arragonians repaired and beautifyed in many things t is said that the antient called this by a greek word Miagra either from a salutatiferous plant there growing or from the site and quality of the place or for that t was difficult to escape out of it This Mole is like an artificial street casting it self into the Sea whither all the gentry in the evening resort for the benefit of the Fresco. The Townesmen shew one after another Grottes hollowed under the shelf also some old memorials erected upon Cliffs and great quantity of Arms of different fashions Afterwards pass into the Court of the Palace by the Gulf of the Sea called by Strabo and Tazza della forma and if you would learn the discipline and labour of the Galleots you must view in the passage the near shores the Islands and Promontories round about as Liseno Procrite Patecusa Capreta Herculaneo and Atheneo or Miner●…vio which as Pliny relates was the residence of the Syrens and that gave denomination to the Promontory and here as Strabo records Ulysses consecrated a Temple to Minerva for his deliverance from the crafty wiles of the Syrens For the most part 40 galleys lye in this Port besides other vessels to discover and do other service which Port is very large and as well as is possible defended against fortune with a large bank which for the space of 500. foot runs from the shore into the Sea in form of a bended arm and the whole length and bredth made of huge pieces of squared stones There gusheth out at one end of the Mole a fountain of sweet water conveighed thither through the midst of the said Bank this fountain hath much marble under it wherein the water is received the name is drawn from a Latin word the foundations are known to have been layed by Charls the second the French King above two hundred and eighty yeers ago which Alfonsus the first a Spaniard amplified with all magnificence afterwards as well as many other publique edifices within the City this fancy also Charls the 5th Emperor and Philip his Son took up in augmenting fortifying and furnishing the same for its commodity and ornament without respect to the expence Hither the mariners in little boats row persons to see the Galleys and the life of the slaves with their arts who from the want of bread learn to speak with the words of the Poet Perseus Venter Magister c. and sitting exercise themselves together with the munition and naval preparations for war here in a little time may be learnt the mariners art with their manner of living wherewith they keep their bodies in health and the offices and charges of the Presidents of the Vessels thence you go to see the denoted stables of the King where are kept and managed whole heards of beautifull and valuable horses where some Princes are always to be found beholding with attention and delight their swift course their wheelings and turnings made in as little room and with as much art as is possible their curvets and leaps of all four performed excellently at the nod of the switch of the Rider Thence you go to the Castle Santermo on the top of the near mountain very strong looking on and defending the City the shore Port and Islands in the Sea King Robert Son of Charls the second built it 250 yeers agoe adding to it such strength and defences as render it little lesse than inexpugnable the Emperor Charls the first and Philip his Son some years since enlarged the Guasto conjoyning it with the City and increasing the structures in the inward space with new walls and new forts On the top of the Hill you meet a most fair and rich Temple with a stately Monastery possessed by the Carthusians In which Monastery if you can obtain so much favour from the Monks who lovingly receive forraigners and shew their Monasterie you will meet an ample satisfaction in the view of the Monks chamber in a corner of the Monastery where you have as great delight as Italy affords for on the right hand is presented to your view the prospect of the Sea as large as the eye can reach the Islands Enarea Caprea and Prochite and opposite the manured places of Pausilipo the gulf of Surrenio the streight of Surrentano some Cities and many Burroughs On the left hand the Field Holana very large and the mountain Vesuvius as high then looking downwards you behold Naples which whither to be styled the miracle of art or nature is disputable since there you may see have and enjoy what ever is esteemed pleasing or sweet In the voyage see the garden of Gacia di Toleda kept in as good order as any t was made with vast expence and with as many curses being with the sweat and blood of enforced galley slaves reduced to that perfection it now retains in the time that his Father Pietro di Toledo continued Lord of the City and Kingdom under the benevolent aspect of the Emperour Charles the 5th Nor is it a mean pleasure to view the places surrounding the City worth the seeing especially in a good season the which are in that fertile plain near the Sea in pleasant scites very pompous and adorned by the nobles with magnificent Edifices and fair gardens well kept and enriched which have such plenty of Fountains grottoes made by art and Fishponds adorned with Curral mother of Perle and Fish shels of all sorts as the beauty is almost impossible to be ghes●…ed at as also of Porticues walks vaults covered with Leaves and Flowers of divers sorts Roses pomegranates collumnes and Lodges beautifyed with pictures statues and marbles of antiquity and among those Lodges those of the Marques di vico and the other Princes placed on the strond near the Vesuvius are very famous as also the Villa of Bernardino Martizano adorned with many reliques of of antiquity Poggio Reale a vast Palace built heretofore by Ferdinand King of Arragonia whither the King used to retreat when he desired to repose himself and to recreate his minde from the fortunes of the Sea in a blith and secure port This Palace is contrived in this manner four square Towers upon four corners are bound together by great Porticues so that the Palace hath two bredths in a length each Tower hath fair and pleasant Chambers aboue and below and you passe from one to the other by the means of those open galleries the Court in the midst is ascended by certain little steps and therein a fountain and clear fishpond and on all sides by the nod of the Master from the pavements rise sprouts of water by meanes of infinite subtile Chanels there placed

assist the oppressed Souldiers and to satisfie his curiosity in the occasion of those fires he was stifled by the ashes and vapours of this burning mountain as aforesaid where with his uncle Pliny was also G. Celius the son of his sister who related this story more at large to Tacitus the Historian And certainly waters were preserved in these Fabricks for use and delight both in Lucullus his Villa and many other places very numerous in that piece of a fair country all over which run pipes shores and chanels All the Sea shore and strond is deformed by the ruines of Towns and Villages of old full of houses and inhabitants in particular that part between Formia and Surentum moves compassion in the passers by at Sea which in the flouri shing time of the Roman Empire presented to their view at a distance the effigies of a continued City by the quantity of structures and proud Palaces beautifyed with all splendour pompous and vastly expensive and would any take that pains now as by a strict serutiny to take a particular account or to draw draughts and exquisite descriptions enough of importance might be found to satisfie his own Curiosity and to fill up a new commentary nay a just volume The Palaces were wont to be very pompous in those parts on the Maritime coasts being 150 miles in length Which was so filled with Palaces Cities Towns Burghs Baths Theatres and such other proud and magnificent Fabricks beginning at Baia and so continuing to F. Herculanus and Voliurnus that they seemed not separate but one great and fair City to which no prospect could be comparable But in this our time all things there are ruinated except Naples the head of the Kingdome and residence of the Viceroy and some other great Princes The Ville or Palaces of pleasure of the ROMANS THat we may gratefully please the studious in these things we thought it not from the purpose to run over some of the more noble Villes which the Romans had built in these parts That famous Palace then of Lucullus stood in the Terra Forma near the Promontorie of Misenus discovering the top of the near high hill and the other lesser between the port gulf of Baia where he first bought of Cornelia the Villa of Sc. Marius banished by L. Sylla which he amplified with Fabricks Gardens and sumptuous Fishpools the spaces of which Gardens appear to this day towards Cuma not far from the Cento Camere and footsteps of the Pescheries at the shore of Baia with grots and standing pools cut into the foot of the Rock by art that they might be a refuge and defence to the Fish from the scorching Sun in hot weather as M. Varro sets forth saying that L. Lucullus had given order to his architectors to consume as much money as they pleased so they made a sufficient defence for the Fish against the heat of the Sun and provided them secure retreats under the mountains so that when this work was compleated he might say he needed not envy Neptune himself for goodnesse of fish which shews that he had fishpools in many places And in the said Marcus Varro Q Hortensius the Orator reprehends M. Lucullus for that he had not after the example of L. Lucullus his Brother provided for the conveniency of his fish a retreat into the Fresco from the scorching beams of the Sun T is thought the Villa of M. Lucullus stood at the foot of the mountain Misenus towards the Isle Procyda antiently called Prochyte where under the waters may yet be perceived great ruines of Pescharies Villa Di Q. HORTEENSIO QUintus Hortensius had his Mannor house in the breast of Baiano near Bauli whereof some reliques yet appear on the shores and some are covered by the waters t is most certain and famous that he had then most fair fishpools w●…th some grots cut into the mountain for the refuge of his fish from the Suns ardoui so much were they then given to the like pleasures for which C. Cicero taunting him calls him God of the Sea and the most happy in his pescheries in that he had so domesticated the fish that they came at his c●…ll when they heard his voice and much condoles the death of ●…is Muraena the Bennet fish which t is thought by s●…me will stay a ship if it stick to it of whom a fri●…nd of his 〈◊〉 a pair of his Mullets he answered he woud rather give h●…m two mules out of his litter Pliny writes that after Q. Hort●…rsius Ant●…nia the ●…other of Claudius the Emperor possessed these 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pools with the same humour and that she so much loved a 〈◊〉 that she caused ear-rings of gold to be put on him in the wate●…s and that those places were so famous for this fact that mary 〈◊〉 to ●…auli purposely to behold it T is not certain 〈◊〉 Ne●…o t●…e Emperor caused Agrippina his mother to be sl●…in in this very Villa but if n●…t there t was not farr from it as may be collected from Cornelius Taci●…us in the 14th book of his Annals Domitia the Aunt of Nero had a Villa in that neighbourhood whereof in the 13 book of Tacitus is some memorial and Dion ●…ssius saies that Nero having poisoned Domitia his Aunt poss●…ssed 〈◊〉 of her Livings near Bauli and Raven●…a the contrary whereof ●…lius I am pridrius reports of the Emperor Alexander Severus to wit that besides many Palaces he built in Rome in honour of Julia Momea his mother he built one most sumptuous with its Pescher●…es calling the place Mamea which Ferrante Lofredo Marques of Trevico supposeth to stand in the midst of Baia where he likewise erected many other in honour of his Parents The Villa Of C. PISO THis stood under the mountain near the hot fountains hither Nero leaving the other charges of importance often retired for his solace as Tacitus declares in the 15th book of his Annals T is supposed that in this Villa Nero entertained his mother Agrippina at table many hours under pretence of the festival Quinquatrus a feast celebrated to Pallas five daies but with intention to make her return by night to her Villa at Bauli having before hand given order that in the return the Bark wherein she was should be sunk and she thereby be drowned as Suetonius and Tacitus relate The Villa of C. MARIUS of CAESAR and of POMPEY IN these confines likewise C. Marius Caesar and Pompey had their houses of pleasure as Seneca tells us in the second Epistle but they stood on the very tops of hills so that they had more the faces of Castles and Forts and places made purposely to protect the Countrey below then of Pallaces for solace Pliny speaks of that of Marius in the 6th chapter of the 18 book which was afterwards possessed and amplifyed by Lucullus near the Promontory of Misenus towards the Port. But the Villa of Caesar stood above Baia and on the top of the Mountain as Tacitus