Indian Caracke comming with full saile which when by reason of shot out of a Hollander she perceiued her enemies were neere about her violently put on shore where hauing vnladen very rich Merchandise and taken fire instead thereof she burnt two dayes Thus enuious fortune in this voyage thwarted the English designes And although chances fall no where more then at Sea yet these errours in them seemed to be willingly committed and the frustrated enterprizes proceeded from the enuious emulation whereby one would striue to steale credit from the other On the ninth of October wherein the Sea was very full of daily tempests Essex hauing giuen notice commanded that they should waigh anchor and turne home all for England But within a day or two after there arose a great tempest out of the North which scattered all the ships vpon the Sea euen the Spanish Nauie with all her prouision against England that lay at Feroll but so that neither the English nor Spanish Nauie euer came in sight of one another Not one of the English Nauie perished in this tempest but many of the Spanish as they reâ—ort one of them tumbled and tossed from place to place by the tempest at last was driuen vpon Dartmouth the Souldiers and Marriners almost starued with hunger These informed vs that the Spaniard had 〈◊〉 to sâ—aze vpon some Port in Cornwall whose scituation might be fittest for receiuing aide from Spaine that thereby they thought to keepe the English from warre as also to hinder their voyages into the East Indies and Spaine it selfe But so did the diuine powers that decide such controuersies of warre part the fierce quarrels betweene both Naâ—ions that for this time both their expectations were very much frustrated At length towards the end of October came Essex home safe to England but his ships very weary and weather-beaten but with a spoile of sufficient value Then concerning this Voyage many men seuerally spent their opinions some out of loue to Essex some out of ill will to Rawleigh and the loue of the Queene whereof both of them were very well experienced by a strange effect encreased the ill will of the people towards the one which indeed a sinister opinion of his impiety much encreased and the loue of them towards the other by reason of his affablenesâ—e and the great conceipt of vertue and valour that was in him Certainly none could finde a want either of valour in danger or of wisedome in consultations in either of them but happy successes to either none could assure himselfe of since they depend vpon the prouidence of the Almighty But certainly the enmity betweene Rawleigh and Essex euery day grew vp higher whilest one cast the misfortunes of the voyage vpon the others negligence Besides Essex was much grieued to see Robert Cecill the last yeare that was made Secretary to the Queene for all his opposition against him now in his absence to be made Chancelloâ—r of the 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 to whom hee alwayes opposed himselfe as emulous of his wisdome and too great a fauourite of Rawleigh But he was further grieued to heare Charles Howard Admirall made Earle of Nottingham with this Testimoniall in his letters of Honour THat he secured England from all danger of the Spanish inuasion hauing gotten a braâ—e victory in eighty eight That ioyntly with our deare kinsman Robert Earle of Essex he had valiantly and magnanimously by open violence taken the Island and City of Cadiz that was strongly fortified That he had wholly vanquished and ouerthrowne an entire Nauie of the King of Spaine that stood ready in the said Hauen to assault the Kingdome of England These things Essex who had challenged to himselfe all the glory thereof before now construed them as done in disgrace to him and great preiudice to his valour especially considering that the Admirall who being a Lord was behinde him in honour now by being made an Earle should haue the prerogatiue of superiority ouer him For it was established in the times of K. Henry the eight that the Lord High Chamberlaine of England High Constable the Marshall Admirall and Lord High Steward and Chamberlaine should haue preheminence about â—ll that were but of the same degree But yet the Queene which was alwaies a fauourer and an enlarger of the dignities and honours of Essex to qualifie his distast and so set him before â—im againe made him Earle Marshall of England an office which had â—aine a sleepe euer since the death of the Earle of Shrewesburie This yeare came Paulus Dzialinus Embassadour from Sigismond King of Poland a man of greater aâ—â—â—city then ordinarily the disposition of that Nation attaâ—nes vnto from whom when the Queen expected great acknowledgment of her Fauours and thanksgiuing for the peace wrought by her from Amurath Emperor of the Turks He after he had deliuered his Letters to the Queene sitting in her Chaire of state which the Nobles about her she began to reade them in a very vnseemly vnusuall manner in England descends to the lower part of the Priuy Chamber and there in a lowd tone began in a Latine Oration to complaine that the priuiledges Prutenick and of the Polonians were not onely much enfâ—inged but euen violated contrary to the Law of Nations in that their traffique with the Spaniard was made vnlawfull and prohibited by the Queene and that vnder colour of that that the Polonian goods were forfeited to the Queenes Exchequer Vrging that his Master could not beare with this without complaint in respect of the great damage which he hath sustained as also the affinity of him and the Spaniard and the House of Austria Wherefore that 〈◊〉 required of the Queene that these things that had been â—â—ken away should be restored againe and that he might hâ—â—â— free traffique with the Spaniard Which if she granted not that his Master would take some order to prouide for the safety of his Subjects and his owne estate and it may 〈◊〉 make those repent it that were the occasion of the first 〈◊〉 offered him The Queene somewhat amazed at the bold speech of 〈◊〉 Embassadour in a sober rebuking Rhetoricall answer â—â—ded him these words LOrd how was I deceiued I expected an Embassadour I found an Herold I neuer heard such an Oration all the daies of my life Neither can I sufficiently wonder at so great 〈◊〉 rashuesse If that your King euer willed you to these speechâ—s which I much doubt of I doe therefore thinâ— he did it because being a young man and not chosâ—â— according to the vsuall succession of bloud but by election he doth not vnderstand the affaires of Traffique or those businesses that haue been passed through by Vs and his Prâ—decessours For your part you seeme to Vs to be well read in many bookâ—â— but yet to be very shallow in Policy or matters belonging thereto For for asmuch as you haue so often vsed the Law of Nations in
his proceedings began now to aâ—gment his feare to a cautelous suspition lest the Dukes ambitious policy should lay wayt for his life and concluding his owne life and safety out of the necessary murther of the Duke shortly after as he was entring the Arras of his Priuy chamber caused him to be run through and his Brother the Cardinall to be strangled committing the Dukes sonne Cardinall Bourbon and as many of the Leaguers as the danger of those times would licence his enquiry for to the safe custody of close prison And now began a generall confusion to ouerrun the face of all France the disiointed limbes of a compleat Kingdome lept into a variety of rebellion The peopâ—e began at their pleasure to disburthen themselues of their duty to Magistrates to rob the Kings veâ—y Court at Paris Some Cities began to affect and estâ—bâ—ish Democracy others Aristrocracie the rest Oligarchy few or none a Monarchie The villany of this conspiracy hauing now growne ripe for such misery that by striuing to make as it were many Kingdomes they had almost reduced it to none At their next assembly the Leaguers cause a new Seale for the administring the affayres of the Realme to be engrauen arrogating to their ambitious rebellion all Princely Iurisdiction they share amongst it themselues the best fortified places and sometimes whole Prouinces They stop the Reuenewes of the Crowne and recall the Spanish forces out of the Low Countries foure whole Parliaments of France seconding them with their vnanimous suffrages and all the Clergie of the Realme preaching nothing but warre against their owne Souereigne Insomuch that the King turning to the Protestants and they turning from their allegiance caused one Iaques Clement a Monke to murther him The Leaguers although not onely his right of Succession but aâ—so the Kings option on his death bed assured him of the Crowne by a Proclamation banisht Nauarre not more from the Crowne then the Kingdome declaring him guilty of Heresie and of drawing the enemies forces into his owne countrey But although all of them agreed in this to exclude Nauarre yet euery mans priuate engagement could not easily come to an agreement whom they should create King Charles Duke of Maine Brother to the slaine Duke of Guyse thought himselfe most worthy of it because hee had forced the Protestants many times to a great incoÌ„uenience most of their Cities to their ancient obedience Likewise because Cardinall Bourbon being feeble a Priest and now in prison would if he should be elected rather exercise the wits of the French to scoffe and scorne him than their allegiance to reuerence and obey him yet that by making him King they might not onely acknowledge the Right of the familie of the Bourbons to the Crowne but also recall the old Right of the Vncle against the Nephew But the controuersie came not so neare the hope of reconcilement for others preferred the Cardinall of Lorraine or any of his familie that so now at length the ancient Right so long abused by Hugh Capet at first might be restored to the familie Vrging that the Spaniard greatly fauoured that House and that hee would bequeath his daughter to any one that was chosen out thence Others opposed against him the Duke of Sauoy sonne of the daughter of the King of France sonne in law to the King of Spaine a neighbour Prince and as truly couragious as noble The rest nominated Guise by reason of his Grandfather and Fathers seruice done the Realme and the Catholique Religion Neither were there wanting some scattered suffrages for the Spaniard himselfe which flattery would easily haue encreased had there beene any hope of speeding But the maior part pretending a very forme of iustice in the height of a rebellion reflecteth vpon the Cardinall of Bourbon as being one degree neerer to the deceased King than his Nephew Nauarre was and as one that had suffered much in the Catholique cause by whose meanes after an easie deliuerance out of the prison to the Throne they might if not with as much speede yet with more conuenience represse the Reformed Religion than by crauing forraine helps for assistance in that matter This conclusion was cunningly broacht by Mendoza the Spaniards Embassadour who since he perceiued hee could not pleasure his master with his conceited hope of an Immediate election thought to lay here a foundation of reducing by degrees that Kingdome vnder his Dominion So that now amongst these Leaguers and Conspiratours Cardinall Bourbon is proclaimed King and coynes dispersed about in traffique with his inscription of Charles the tenth The Duke of Maine is declared to be Lieutenant Generall of the Crowne of France who presently to bring his office into execution musters all his forces with an intent either to surprise Nauarre proclaimed likewise King of France amongst his confederates at Deepe where he resided or driue him by violence out of France The French King being now reduced to so great streights hauing pitched his campe neere vnto Deepe with as good successe as speed presently dispatched Beauore La Noe-cle and immediatly after Buhie and Bozenuale into England to proffer to the Queene an offensiue and defensiue league and to desire some aide from her The Queene vnwilling to be defectiue to his doubtfull hopes in such a courtesie out of her true zeale to his Religion and fortune mixt with a iealous feare of the reuolting of the Germans and Switzers his stipendiaries who to gaine but the emptie riches of a large promise were likely to endanger their fidelity presently furnisht him with two and twenty thousand pounds of english Gold A somme which either somewhat to the disparagement of his owne estate or more to the true token of his gratitude he ingenuously acknowledged he neuer yet saw paralell'd besides munition and some foure thousand men vnder the conduct of Peregrine Lord Willoughby who after the departure of the Earle of Leicester out of the low countries had in succeeding him purchased no small honor She appointed Sir Thomas Wilford who was also Marshall Sir Iohn Burrough Sir William Drury and Sir Thomas Baskeruile Colonels allotting them a moneths pay before hand who after their arriuall in France behaued themselues both to the Kingdoms and their owne honour The brute of their expected arriuall mingled with the ouerthrow as much against their reason as their hopes which the French King lately gaue the Leaguers at Arques so discouraged the pride of their hopâ—s that the very day before the arriuall of the English they fled from before the King with bagge and baggage The King partly encouraged with this victory the obiect of his wonder as much as ioy and partly with the welcome arriuall of the English began to draw his forces towards Paris where the English and the Switzers attempting that part thereof which lies betweene Saint Marcels gate and the riuer Seine made such a resolute breach through their rampiers and inclosures that hauing
indeed was the more willing to condiscend to these couenants by reason shee had heard that the Spaniard had admission into Paris the greatest city in France and that the Parisians vouchsafed their lawfull King no other title but the King of Bearne acknowledging the Spaniard as their Lord and King who hereupon conceiued no small hope of reducing France vnder his gouernment which conceit he not at all dissembled before Ianine the Leaguers Embassadour then in Spaine Likewise because she vnderstood that Pope Gregory the thirteenth of that name had leuied many forces in Italy and Switzerland vnder the Duke Monâ—martin against the King of France whom hee had already by his Bull excommunicated which Bull notwithstanding the Parliament at Paris and the other at Tours condemned and causing it to be hung vpon a Gibbet by the Hangman set fire to it Hereupon came forth a strict Proclamation in England that no man vpon paine of treason into any parts or places belonging either to the Spaniard or Leaguers should transport corne munition or any kind of traffique And the same also was before set forth by the King of Scots About which time Sir Henry Palmer being sent forth with some few men of warre surprized thirteene of â—heir Ships at their returne from Noua Francia And Sir Roger Williams with some six hundred souldiers passed ouer to Diepe where the enemy lay roauing about hauing expresse Commission to recide in those quarters and Sir Iohn Norris presently after shipt ouer with the rest of the Souldiers into Britaine vnder whom were Sir Henry his brother and Sir Anthony Sherley worthy Commanders These hauing ioyned forces with the Kings and in vaine hauing assaulted Lamballe where that famous Warriour Fr. La-Noue died of a wound tooke Castiliâ—n the vttermost of their glory in it being stretcht to a keeping vnder of the Spaniard and Leaguers not a remouing of them Sir Roger Williams with his forces and Chattre the Gouernour of Diepe hauing broken thorow the inclosures barricadoed with wine vessels at Cinquensanoe scattered all the Leaguers that infested the passage by â—remble-Court and Lounde and vanquished them being rewarded for his valour by a commendatory letter ' from the King to the Queene This remembrance of his commendations wrought him into such a forgetfulnesse of his Commission that he left Diepe accompanied the King to the suburbs of Paris and sent a Challenge to the Spaniards to hazard with him two hundred Pikes and a hundred Musketiers against so many English which being not performed he returned againe to Diepe but scarce had he bin come to it but the King sending speedily for him he posts with his Army presently to Noyon hauing no such warrant in his Commission where being too prodigall of others blood hee exposed many English to great danger in the assault the Queene not knowing of it and thâ—refore being the more angry At that time the French King sent Anthony Reaux to certifie the Queene that hee had resolued to bring Roan and New-Hauen vnder his subiection before the Duke of Parma should set foot into France too farre and to that effect hee craued of her foure thousand English to be sent ouer into Normandy intreating her to giue them pay for two months promising that if they continued a longer time hee would pay them and presently vpon their ariuall come and ioyne his forces with them But that in the meane time he would continue still at Picardy least otherwise those of Roan should haue some inkling of his resolution The Queene who desired nothing more than the remouall of the Enemy from the Sea coasts willingly condiscended so that the couenants were agreed vpon in the same fashion as before onely with this clause that they should bee confirmed and authorized by Act of Parliament within few daies after The number being compleat arriued at Diepe vnder the command of Robert Earle of Essex a worthy young man and in great fauour with the Queene Many Noblemen of note accompanied him amongst whom Thomas Leighton and Henry Killegrew were appointed to be of his counsell The Earle at his ariuall here in France vnderstood that the King was at Noyon hee saw not so much as any preparation for warre neither could any man instruct him what to doe with his forces insomuch that he greatly wondred at the King that hee should so sleightly esteeme of his promise After some small continuance there Sir Roger Williams posteth vnto him intreating him in the name of the King to make all possible speed to Noyon there to conferre about the manner of the war thither when the Earle came the King declared vnto him that of necessity hee must dispatch into Champagne to ioyne forces with the Germanes promising to send to him Marshall Byron and the Duke Montpeâ—sier to besiege Roan Hereupon the Earle returned to his owne forces who had now encamped at Arques where to win the hearts of warlike men hee knighted many thinking to adde courage by this addition of Honour but not without the enuy and anger of many that enioyed that title at home who tooke it ill to see him lauishly prostitute that title of so great credit with the English which the Queene was so thriâ—ty in bestowing euen vpon deseruing men Byron and Montpensier after so long expectation as yet appeare not the one being gone into Champagne to the mariage of the Vicount Turene with the daughter of the Duke of Balloigne and the other hauing turned out of his way to the vnnecessary besieging of Pierre-pont Castle The Queene hauing beene very vrgent by her Leagier Sir Henry Vmpton with the King for the siege of Roan caâ—sed him to send Reaux ouer into England to certifie her the reasons why hee prolonged the siege Shee was likewise very earnest with him for the ratifying of his late Couenants by Act of Parliament but being a long time delayed was at last forced to a content with his bare Confirmation of them All this while lay the Earle of Essex idle although not without discontent of minde who afterwards to satisfie his thirsty minde with some difficult exploit approached Roan where hee lost Sir Walter his brother who was shot through with a bullet the Queene indeed checkt him both for his voyage to the King without her knowledge and for his inconâ—iderate approaching Roâ—â— but hee quickly made his peace with her by a smooth Letter and in the meane time behau'd himselfe brauely in the assault and taking of Goâ—rnay with the Marshall Byrâ—n About which time also the French King sent ouer Beauoir with Letters to the Queene to desire her to let the Earle of Essex passe into Champaigne with his forces as if he had not so much as thought of the besieging of Roan which the Queene tooke so ill at his hands that she began to expostulate with him concerning it obiecting also that now twâ— moneths were expired since the couenant
deliuer him vp to his hands if hee lurk't in England since shee could not chuse but esteeme the fauourers and friends of such an enemy as her owne enemies But notwithstanding when Sir Robert Meluill came and demanded Bothwell and monies also for to pursue the rebellious Papists some monies indeed were sent but as for Bothwell it was answered that hee should bee deliuered vp according to the couenants of the former Treatise or banished out of England Now the reason of this vnexpected answer to the King of Scotland might well bee vnknowne when indeed it was no other but because some Scottishmen in England had enueagled the Queene with conceit that the King of Scotland dealt too fauourably with his popish Nobility Bothwell about the same time hauing beene proclaimed Traitor by the States of Scotland returneth secretly home againe and brought into the Kings Chamber by some of his friends vpon a sudden he fell downe at the Kings feet he little dreaming of any such matter and casting his sword on the ground humbly beg'd for mercy by the importunate intercession of many hee obtained it vpon certaine conditions to wit that hee should depart from the presence of the King that he should appeare personally in iudgment of the case of his dealing with witches that if he be absolu'd and quitted of that he should depart the Kingdome and liue any where where it should please the King Yet for all this the day after hee was quitted from his dealing with Witches he by force drew many of the Kings seruants out of the Court till at length his faction grew so potent in the Court that the King for his owne safeties sake and the peace of the Realme was faine not onely to pardon him and all his Pages and Attendants but also to remooue out of the Court the Chancellour the Treasurer the Lord Humes and George Humes whome he esteemed most loyall vnto him But afterwards within a moneth weighing with himselfe to his great discontent how to the indignity of his Maiesty these things had bin extorted from him against all reason he declared in the next assembly of the Nobility of Scotland that they esteemed no better of him than of a Captiue and euen Bothwel's captiue that hee could no longer suffer a subiect that had now thrise waged was within the walls and chamber of his Prince both to triumph ouer him and his seruants who had so well deserued at his hands And hee easily had it granted by the States that they did approoue him a free Prince to exercise his authority and to chuse his Councellors and other Seruants and Officers according to his owne discretion Hereupon he recals to his Court the Chancellour and the rest againe cancelling whatsoeuer before against his will he had granted to Bothwell Yet notwithstanding by reason of his milde nature hee vouchsafed to pardon him and all his complices all their offences and to restore them to their goods if so bee they supplicantly sought for the same vpon condition that quietly they betake themselues home and approach not to the Court except they bee sent for that Bothwell within a limited and appointed time doe depart into some place beyond Sea and continue in set places so long as it shall please the King Hee makes great alteration in the Court in a short time banisheth Bothwell who thinketh still of worser mischiefe towards the King and Kingdome and to that end lay hid lurking still within the confines of the Kingdome Yet for all this was not Scotland yet at quiet for the Clergy men and Ministers tooke it very hainously that the King persecuted not the Papists with fire and sword against whom they themselues made assemblies and without anthority from the King assembled together the Lords and Burgesses to consultation about it to preuent danger that might fall out to the Common-wealth At this time in Germany there came out in print many libels against Queene Elizabeth calumniating her as if shee had incensed the Turke to warre against all the Christian World the letters came forth also which she had sent to the Turke in many places corrupted altered and changed and many malicious calumnies added and feigned on purpose But the Queene hauing sent a messenger to the Emperour so cleerely washed away these calumnies that forthwith the bookes were called in and the Copies of them burnt at Prague for certainely shee tooke all the paines she could for remoouing the Turke from Christendome and the Emperour acknowledged as much Neither surely had she any thing to doe with the Turke but onely to secure her subiects traffique at Turkie to which purpose she had her agent there at Constantinople as the French Polacke Common-wealth of Venice and others had there he Agent did nothing but helpe the businesse of her Merchants traffique and at their owne charges About this time also Shee procured peace betweene the King of Swedon and Muscouy as also between the Turke Sigismond Bathor Vaiuod of Tranâ—iluania For when as the Turke had trespassed beyond his limited bounds and laid taxes vpon them not only beyond the forme and fashion of their league but euen beyond their strength and ability Sigismond by his Embassadour Stephen Kakaze entreated her earnestly to trie what fauour shee could finde in the Turkes Court and interceed for him that nothing might be exacted beyond the ancient order and that nothing might be detracted from his territories and Dominions Which thing since that euen the good of all Christians was interessed therein she vndertooke and prosecuted according to her mercy wherewith she was wont to succour all her distressed neighbours In lower Britaine in France Norris hauing expected still Marshall D'Aumont and also Espinay of Saint Luke who had promised to ioyne forces spent all the winter the last yeare to no purpose in which time a disease consumed many of the English and the Queene was put to the charges of paying euery weeke three thousand and two hundred pounds of English money Indeed about Aprill next following Espinay came and ioyned his forces whereupon Ravendeers troopes were vanquished at Saint Sulpice Guearch surrendred vp and the forces of the Gouernour of Lauall amongst whom most were slaine quite vanquished wherein also Captaine Randolph Bourley and Christmasse couragious English men were all slaine Marshall D'Aumont not as yet drawing downe towards Britaine neither assigning the English a safe place of retyre as was couenanted for gaue the Queene such iust occasion of discontent that she forth with recalled Sir I Norris home againe notwithstanding that Aumont earnestly â—ollicited the Queene by his letters for more forces from England who had so discourteously entertayned these that were so lately sent before But whilst the Queene onely for Religions sake aydes the French King distrusting his owne strength at so great charges and so great troubles of mind as if â—he esteemed his losse her owne behold a most certaine report flies ouer
opinion and almost now inbred in them that Princes that were excommunicated were to be rooted out and the Spaniard on the other side out of an inbred hate which they bare alwaies against her But she neuer fearing but of a manlike vertue and wary carefulnes relying vpon God contemned all these trecheries and treasons and euer and anon would call to minde the words of the Kingly Psalme-writer Thou art my God my times are in thy hand And as she was carefull for her owne safety so she was diligent in others too for she informed Ernest Arch-Duke of Austria Gouernour of the Prouinces vnder the Spaniard in the Low Couâ—tries that the like treacheries were also laid by Ibarra and other seruants of the Spaniard and runnagate English intreating him besides to signifie to the Spaniard that he would blot out the very thought of this wickednesse from any way appertaining to him by punishing his seruants that stroue to attempt the same and by giuing vp into her hands againe the English Architects and chiefe compilers of this wickednes to wit Hugh Owen Tho. Throcmorton Holcot a Iesuite Giffard Worthington Diuines lest that otherwise hee but deceiue the good estimation and honour which hee hath among the people whilest hee shall nourish with him such wicked creatures And lest that hee might require also Don Antonio Perez of late Secretary to the Spaniard who had now flowne by reason of vproares he raised in Arragon and lurked in England She protested that hee was sent by the French King into England to his Embassadour against her knowledge and that she neither did or euer would relieue him either with her pension or protection And certaine it is that neither she nor Burghley Lord Treasureâ— would so much as speake with him that against his oath had reuealed the secrets of his Prince yet indeed the Earle of Essex gaue him entertainment and supplied him with great cost making vse of him as an Oracle that was so well skilled in the secrets of the Spanish Court and that was a man of an excellent wit and wisedome who notwithstanding as most commonly such king of men alwaies are was so tossed vp and down by fortune that he bestowed vpon his Picture nothing but this Motto THE MONSTER OF FORTVNE And now by this time in France that boisterous fury of conspiracy that had ranged through France eight yeares a little more or lesse began to cease a little For when as the King by his forces had much much empaired the strength of the Leaguers seuered their forces by his sleights which he vsed and the last yeare hauing embraced the Roman Religion had his Inauguration solemnized the beginning of this yeare many of the Nobility being reconciled by great promises againe returned to a dutie to him Others would not but vpon condition that they alwaies might enioy those offices which now they possessed for them and their heires according to the courtesie of Hugh Capet King of France who to get the good wills of all his Nobility gaue their offices hereditarily to them and their heires Now many of the rebellious Cities were yeelded vp and many sodainly seazed on Paris it selfe the King being priuily called in yeelds to him with the great ioy of the Citizens and hence was the break-necke of the Spaniards hope of ioyning to them the French Kingdome by the marriage of the Infanta with the Duke of Guise for now they themselues were glad to depart out bagge and baggage and not without foule scoffes from the French that now had learned a little more wit But when those Spaniards which had beene called in by the Duke of Merceur into Britaine continued still in their resolutions and strengthened the Sea-coasts the better to maintaine their possession Captaine Norris that had beene sent for ouer to enforme the Queene of the affaires of Britaine was sent backe again with Commission that he should assault the Spanish Fort at Crodon neere to the Hauen Brest and he arriued at Pimpole with a new Band of men on the Kalends of September At which time Marshall D'Aumont and Thomas Baskeruile that in the absence of Norris commanded the English forces besieged Morlay and vpon the returne of Captaine Norris had it yeelded to them Yet for all that although it were before agreed by the French Embassadour in England that if it were taken it should serue for a retyring place to the English Marshall D'Aumont to preuent that made it one of the Articles of their yeelding that none but Roman Catholikes should be admitted into the Towne After that the Marshall and Norris hauing taken also Quinpercorentine both French and English set forward to the Spaniards Fort at Crodon on the Kalends of Nouember and there Martin Furbisher expected them in the Bay with ten English men of warre This Fort on two sides is washed round with the water and on the Land side there are two great Fortresses betweene which there runnes a wall that is full seuen and thirty foot broad Within is a very thicke Countermure and Rockes defend the Fortresses vpon the â—ide whereon there are placed peeces of Ordnance The English and French men heape vp Bulwarkes and entrench there where the Fortresse lookes towards the Land The Spaniards rusht out once vpon them to hinder their proceedings but they quickly retreated in againe there Anthony Wingfield Serieant Major of the English forces a famous old Souldier hauing made his Will but the day before being shot cleane through died vpon it Vpon the 23. day of the moneth 700. shot from their Ordnance made a small gap in the wall and threw downe their Inclosures against the wall which Lister an Englishman presently seazed vpon But when the valour in the cheerefull assaulter was not greater then the firme resolution of the stubborne Defendants there were many slaine Bruder Iackson and Barker Commanders of great note many wounded and many dangerously blowne vp with wild-fire There were many in England that accused Norris for being too prodigall of the English bloud in hazarding it euen rashly vpon all dangerous occasions Surely the Queene oâ—t of her inbred mercy and fauour commanded him by her Letters that hee should more regard the safety of her Souldiers then his honour That in these assisting warres he should not put them vpon certaine destruction that he should not prodigally waste mans bloud that the forward boldnesse of some hot spirits is rather to be kept vnder then to be cast vpon apparant danger then should his wisedome be thought lesse wanting by many men then should not his vnmercifulnesse be condemned by all but both his and the Queenes loue of the English bloud be sufficiently praised But these Letters came too late The Siege growing hot it seemed good to D'Aumont and Norris to vndermine the Easterne part of the Fortresse where the French men had beene dealing and that succeeded happily for they made a gap in the wall big enough
ambitious mindes at this time Sir Nicholas Clifford and Sir Anthony Shirley deserued so well in the warres of France at the Kings hands that hauing giuen them their oath he made them Knights of St. Michael which when they somewhat gloried too much of in their owne Countrey the Queene being discontented that they had taken such honour from a forreigne Prince without notice giuen to her as if they had beene not hers but his Subiects committed them both to prison But yet out of her mercy she would not let the Law passe vpon them both out of a respect to their youthfull folly and her good will to the King of France that bestowed it But shee commanded them both to resigne them vp againe and send backe their honour againe Which when the French King heard of he was reported to haue merrily sayd That the Queene may be euen with me I wish the would make some of my ambitious subiects with her Knights of King Arthurs round table For as that Order hath beene worne away long since in Ballades so hath this of S. Michael degenerated into a contempt Insomuch that a Noble French man sayd that the chayne of S. Michael was once a badge of Noblemen but now a collar for all creatures About this time Cardinall Alan died at Rome commonly called the Cardinall of England He was borne in the County of Lancaster of a good family which in some of the kindred conteyned some of the nobler sort Hee was brought vp in Oriall Colledge in Oxford where in the time of Queene Mary he was Proctour of the Vniuersity and afterwards made one of the Canons of the Church of Yorke Assoone as the alteration in Religion began hee changes his country for Doway in Flanders where the Vniuersity beginning in the yeere of Grace 1562. hee professing of Diuinity was made one of the Canons Regular of the Church of Cambray He tooke order that a Seminary should bee prouided for the English at Doway and afterwards another at Rhemes where also he was made Canon Hee ordeyned a third at Rome for the English besides two more in Spaine to preserue the Roman Religion in England out of zeale to which he had put off both his loue to his country and his obedience to his Prince he incensed the Spaniard and the Pope of Rome to assault England And to that purpose adioyned himselfe to all pernitious conâ—ultations about that matter after that Pope Sixtuâ— Qâ—intus had bestowed on him the title of Cardinall of S. â—â—rtiâ— in Montibus and the 〈◊〉 gaue him an Abbacy in the Kingdome of Naples and nominated him Archbishop of Machline When the Bull of excommunication against the Queene at that time that the great Nauy was prouided for England came forth hee brought it into the Low Countries caused it to be printed in English Withall he wrote an Admonition to the Englishmen that they should sticke to the Pope and Spaniard But being deceiued of all his hopes he returned againe backe to Rome where being wearied with the discords hatreds and dissentions of the English Runâ—awayes both Schollers and Nobles at lâ—st he dyed being of the age 63. yeares He was buried in the English Church called by the name of the Trinity In his time hee wrote in Latine a Booke concerning the Eucharist and in English an Apology for Seminaries and another for English Catholikes another for William Stanley who had betrayed 〈◊〉 to the Spaniard besides the admonition we spake of and a bookâ— about Purgaâ—ory neither haue I seene any other About this time too died Iohn Piers Archbishop of Yorke a great Diuine and yet a modest one who was long time Almoner to the Queene Matthew Hutton being remoued from the Bishopricke of Durham succeeded him Ferdinand Stanley Earle of Derby he whom we spake of before in the last yeare euen vpon the beginning of this yeare died in the prime of his youth but not without suspition of poyson â—auing beene miserably afflicted with cruell paines and casting vp stuffe like the colour of rusty Iron In his chamber was found a little Image made of Waxe with the belly of it thrust through with haires iust of the colour of those of his head which was layd there as the wiser theâ— thought to remoue the suspition of poâ—soning him away and father his death vpon the art of Wiâ—chcraft That which in his sicknesse he cast vp by vomiting so distayned his feeâ— with a 〈◊〉 colour that they would neuer be 〈…〉 were wrapt vp in Seare-cloth and couered with Lead did so flow with corrupted and stinking humours that no man in a long time durst come neere his buriall place There fell no small suspition of his death vpon his Horse-keeper for assoone as the Earle was once dead he fled away with one of his best Horses William his Brother succeeded him in the County of Darby betweene whom and the three daughters of the deceased Earle when there arose a contention to whom the Dominon of the Isle of Man belonged the Queene well considering that the English run-awayes and the Spaniard did still cast an eie towards that Island committed the gouernment thereof to Sir Thomaâ— Gerard both by reason of his approued honesty and proximity But whilest the new Earle and the three Sisters were at law about the Right to that Island the Queenes Lawyers being of a most quicke-sighted craftinesse found out of their points of the law that the Right of that Island belonged to the Queene and that the Stanleys and the Earles of Derby had without any iust right possessed the said right of that Island this two hundred yeares By reason that they alleaged that we may heare all from the beginning that assoone as Henry the fourth had seized vpon this Kingdome William Scroope then Lord of the Isle of Man being banished Henry the fourth gaue the same to Henry Percy Earle of Northumberland This Henry some six yeares after fell into a rebellion Hereupon the yeare then following the King granted it by Letters Patents to Iohn Stanley for his life time before the Earle oâ— Northumberland had beene banished by act of Parliament of his goods confiscated to the King Within a moneth the King and the same Stanley agree that those former Letters Patents for his life time and other things granted to him by the King should be restored againe and cancelled and the Island againe granted to him and his heires vnder this forme We for and in consideration that the said Iohn Stanley hath restored to Vs againe Our Letters Patents into the Chancery to be cancelled haue granted vnto the foresaid Iohn the foresaid Island c. Out of these words and well obseruing the circumstances of time that those former Letters Patents were granted for his life before that the Earle was banished the Lawyers pronounced that the King could not giue the Island away for his life because as yet it was not attributed or iudged faâ—ne into the hands of
but of those that stirred vp and put forward them too as that of Richard Neuill the Earle of Warwicke who placed Edward the fourth in his Throne and of the Duke of Buckingham who did so to Richard the third Then for the declaration of his succession sentences were heere and there sprinckled to this purpose THat Kings cannot depriue their kindred of the hope of the Kingdome that Kingdomes run along in the course of bloud that those things which by the benefit of nature fall vnto children cannot be taken away by a Fathers disinheritance neither remoued vpon any that are further off by the States of the Kingdome that the Lord spared not the Israelites but gaue them as a prey vnto the enemies because hauing despised the house of Dauid they chose Ieroboam the sonne of Nebat King that to remoue the gouernment of a Kingdome from the neerer to the further off is not onely repugnant to Humane Lâ—wes but also to Diuine As they that enter in ought patiently to expect the 〈◊〉 be it neuer so tedious of those that are comming out so those that are on comming out are bound to giue their Successours or commers in good ground of entrance lest that both complaine one being wearied with idle hope and the other with daily intreaties But better then all these was the booke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 written by the King and giuen to his Sonne wherein is the excellentest description of a Prince that can be insomuch that it is almost incredible to belieue how infinitely he reconciled the peruerse mindes of the people and what great expectation he stirred vp in euery one of future goodnesse How the Queene tooke it I know not but sure I am that she her selfe was so well affected to learning either alwaies reading or writing something that she had lately translated Salust de bello Iugurthino into English and about this time the greatest part of Horace de Arte Poëtica and the booke of Plutarch de Curiositate all which she wrote with her owne hands for all the rebellion in Ireland grew so hot as it did which after we haue giuen account of some of our men of note that died this yeare we will declare in order The first whereof was Thomas Stapleton Doctour of Diuinity borne in Sussex and bred in new College in Oxford hee was Ordinary Professour of Diuinity and the Controuersies of the Vniuersity at Doway for in the beginning of the Reigne of Queene Elizabeth out of the good will hee bore to his Romish religion hee went ouer into the Low Countries where by his publike Lectures and his printed workes hee at last grew very famous The second was Richard Cosin a Cambridge man Doctour of Law and Deane of the Arches who by maintaining the Ecclesiasticall Iurisdiction got him the report of great wisedome and learning The third was Edmund Spencer a Londoner borne and a Scholler of Cambridge who was borne to so great fauour of the Muses that hee surpassed all our Poets euen Chawcer himselfe his fellow Citizen But labouring with the peculiar destiny of Poets pouerty although hee were Secretary to Grey Lord Deputy of Ireland for there hauing scarse time or leisure to write or pen any thing hee was cast forth of doores by the Rebels and robbed of his goods and sent ouer very poore into England where presently after hee dyed and was buried at Westminster neere Chawcer at the charges of the Earle of Essex all Poets carrying his body to Church and casting their dolefull Verses and Pens too into his graue Now all this yeare the rebellion in Ireland continued very hot on foot still for Tir-Oen had got his pardon vnder the great Seale of Ireland which hee so dissemblingly implored at the hands of Ormond the Lieutenant yet on a sodaine dared hee to girt Black-water with a strong siege To remoue this siege the Lieutenant Generall of the Irish forces for as yet there was no Lord Deputy sends forth his choycest bands to wit thirteene Regiments of men of Armes vnder so many Ensignes all vnder Henry Bagnall the Marshall a bitter enemy of Tir-Oen The fourteenth day of August they marched from their Campes neere Armagh in a threefold battalion The first the Marshall Bagnall and Piercy led Cosby and Thomas Mary-Wingfield led the middle and Cuine and Billings the last Calisthenes Brooke Charles Montacute and Flemmings were leaders of the Horse They scarce marched a mile but too much seuered from themselues by reason of the swelling vp of some hils in their way there being nothing but a plashie plaine of one side and woods on the other but I say Tir-Oen being vehemently incensed with hatred against the Marshall brake in vpon the first Squadron with all his force and might and presently hauing slaine him amongst the thickest crowde put all his troupes out of order with the multitude of his forces whilest the rest of the English by reason of the hill between them scarce saw any such matter at the very same time the powder hauing by some strange chance taken fire blew vp many of them and maimed more Afterwards Cosby being sent to recollect the remnant of the dispersed Squadron had a great ouerthrow But Montacute although not without great danger reduced them to an order Wingfield in the last Squadron failing of powder returned to â—â—magh againe And Tir-Oen got thus a pleasant victory of the English and a more pleasant triumph ouer his enemy And certainly the English receiued not a greater slaughter then this since the time that they first set foot in Ireland hauing lost 13. stout and valiant Leaders and 150. common Souldiers that being put shamefully to flight were slaine vp and downe about the fields They that remained aliue were opprobriously blamed not their sluggishnes but their Captaines vnskilfulnesse neither was their complaint of that altogether friuolous for it was no great discretion in any Captaine to march so disioyntedly one company from another against such barbarous people who alwaies being heaped together are more beholding to their rude violence for their good fortune then any policy or discretion Not long after this slaughter of the English followed the yeelding of Black-water Fort to the Rebels the men that lay in Garrison keeping both their loyalty and their Armes still till such time that there was no hope of any succour This victory got great glory to the cause of the Rebels and this Fort of especiall vse for from hence they furnished themselues with all kinde of prouision of Armes and now Tir-Oen vnder the name of the Authour of their liberty being greatly swolne with pride thereof grew more fierce then before insomuch that all Mounster reuolted from the Queene and yet not so much out of this prosperous successe of the Rebels as out of their hatred towards the English vndertakers and Farmers who were brought into the lands and possessions of Desmond that fell
abolishing of all barbarous customes contrary to the Lawes being the seeds of all inciuility and for the clearing of all difficult passages and places which are the Nurseries of Rebellion wherein I will employ the labours of the people of my Country in such sort and in such places as I shall be directed by her Maiestie or the Lord Deputy or Councell in her Name and will endeauour for my selfe and the people of my Countrey to erect ciuill habitations and such as shall be of great effect to preserue vs against theeues and any force but the power of the State by the which we must rest assured to be preserued as long as we continue in our duties And thus ended this long and tedious warre the very charges whereof within these foure last yeares and a halfe amounted to no lesse then 1198717 pounds 9 shil and a penny besides great Concordatums Munition and other extraordinaries which happened FINIS An. Dom. 1589. The practises of the Spaniard in Scotland against England A mutinie in Scotland Allayed by the Queene The Earle of Arundel arraigned Hiâ— Peeres The heads of his accusation or inditement His demands of the Iudges The Earles Answer He is condemned His life pardoned Drakes expedition The Groyn is assaulted The Base Towne taken The High Town assaulted but in vaine Preparation from the Spaniard The Spaniards driuen backe The English depart and embarque for Portugall Peniche taken Lisbon assaulted The Spaniards sally foorth vpon the English But are forced home to their very gates The English depart Drake blamed Cascayes yeelded Threescore Hulcks taken Vigo burnt The English returne The English subiect to diseases in Spaine * The number of the dead doth farre exceed the computation which Speed Hollinshed both make in the Reigne of Richard the second for they reckon not aboue a thousand that died by this disease and cite Frosâ—ard for their authority The Hanse-townes complaint The Queenes Answer The Queenâ— aydes the King of Nauarre The Holy League in France The Barricadoes at Paris The Duke of Guyse slaine Henry 3d. of France slaine Contention about the election of a new King The Cardinall of Bourbon proclaymed king The Queene aydes the French king The English arriue in France The English returne The Spaniard affecteth the Kingdome of France The Queene propoundeth a marriage to the King of Scots He is betrothed to Anne of Denmarke He passeth â—uer to Norway Tempestâ— raised in his voyage by Witches Bothwel accused by them The Countesse of Sussex dieth And Sir Walter Mildmay And the Earle of Worcester And the Lord Stâ—rton And the Lord Compton And the Lord Paget And Doctor Humfrey 1590 Sundry hauens fortified Charges for the Nauy Money lent to the French King The rates of the Custome-house raised The Queenes care of the States She restoreth Ships to the Venetians She procureth peace from the Turke for the Polonians and Moldauians Shee congratulateth the marriage of the King of Scots Her care of France Parma entreth France French hauens taken by the Spaniard His pretence of right to the Duchie of Britaine Aide from England requested The Queene prouides for Britaine And for all France Wherefore she hearkeneth not to the ill suggeâ—tions of some both English and Frenchmen Her obseruation The Earle of Warwicke diâ—th And Sir Francis Walsingham And Sir Thomas Randolph And Sir Iames Croft And the Earle of Shropshire And the Lord Wentworth Tyrone strangleth Gaueloc Tyr Oen pardoned O-rorkes rebellion 1591 The Queenes care of the French King Her ayde The conditions agreed vpon between them A proclamation against the French Leaguers Sir Iohn Norris sent into France La-Noue slaine Sir Roger Williams behaues himselfe brauely Reaux sent ouer to the Queene Demandeth ayde Eâ—â—le of Essex sent â—â—er Sent for to the King to Noyon He knighteth many Is deceiued by the French Looseth his brother Sir Walter Is dispatched â—â—to Champaigne The French King breaketh his promisâ— Morâ— aâ—de required Hâ—â—ket his education and behauiour His reuelations His confedâ—rates 1590 They seekâ— to accuse the Archbishop and the Chancellour Hackets hatred to the Queene His disciples sent abroad They are apprehended Hacket condemned His blasphemy at the time of execution Copingâ—r steru'd himselfe Arthington recants The Queenes iurisdiction in spirituall matters impugned It is defended and maintained Captaine Greeâ—â—ile in the Reare Admirall called the Reuenge Is assailed Sorely wounded Greenuill yâ—â—lded vpon condition The Reuenge sunke Areâ—â—itall for her losse The East Indy voyage 〈…〉 Their retâ—rne Cauendish his voyage to the Magellanâ— straights A Proclamation against transportation of prouision into Spaine The death of Sir Christopher Hatton Brian O-rorke â—â—raigned 1592 Bothwell is proclaimed traitor His gâ—ods entailed vpon his sonne The Earle of Essex retâ—rnes from France Rauleigh's expedition to America frustrated A Portugall Caracke pursued by Borrough The English assault a great Caracke The spoile taken The couetousnesse of some English Merchants A Proclamation about making of Ordnance The Queene goeth on progresse Visiteth the Vniuersity of Oxford The Thames dryed vp Vicount Mountague dieth And the L. Scroope And Sir Christopher Wray 1593 A Parliament assâ—mbled Subsidies granted The sâ—mme of the Queenâ— speech Barowe a Sectary hanged Her care of Scotland The admonition to the king of Scotland Lord Borough sent Embassadour into Scotland The Queens demands The Kingâ— answer Bothwell demanded of the Queene He returneth secretly into Scotland His insolent behauiour She procureth peace betweene the Turke and the Tranâ—ilâ—anian and betweene the K. of Swedâ—n and Muscoâ—ia Norris his proceeding in Britaine The King of France vnited to the Church of Rome The reason of his conuersion The Queens letter to the K. of France She translateth a booke of Boëtius Boëtius de consolatione The F. Kings excuse of not keeping prâ—mise Agreements betweene the Queene and the F. King The Queens care for the Protestants in France The Queene fortifies her Islands of Garnsey and Gersey and other places A great plague in London Hesket hanged Henry Earle of Darby dieth And Henry Earle of Sussex And the L. Grey The Lord Cromwell The Lord Wentworth And S. Christopher Carlile Complaints of the Irish. Grudges betweene Tir-Oen and Marshall Bagnall Mac-Guir rebelleth Ineskelline taken Tir-Oen vsurpeth the title of O-Neale Shan O-Neales sonnes surprised by Tir-Oen 1594 The Lord Zouch sent Embassadour into Scotland The answer of the King of Scots Bothwell againe rebelleth The pretence and cloake of his rebellion Bothwell put to flight The Scotch Papists banished the Realme Their plots and new deuices The pretended Right of the Infanta to the Crowne of England Parsons the Iesuit excuseth his booke of Dolman Prince Henry borne Treason against the Queene conspired Lopez and others Their seueral Confessions The Traitors condemned Cullin executed Yorke and Williams apprehended She informeth the Spaniard of those Treasons Antonio Perez lurketh in England The strength of the Leaguers much impaired Norris sent ouer into Britaine Morlay taken Quinpercorentine taken Crodon asâ—aulted Is taken
vnexpected returne into England with some few followers ibid. He comes and kneeles before the Queene at None-such 245 He is committed to custody in the Lord Keepers house 246 He endeauoures to remooue the suspition of ill that was conceiued of him by reason of his sodaine returne ibid. When some would haue freed him by force out of custody hee would not agree to it 247 The Truce broken in Ireland by Tir-Oen in the Earles absence ibid. The proud answere and the reason thereof ibid. Tir-Oen behaues himselfe very proudly 248 The feather of a Phoenix sent him from the Pope ibid. The Lord Keeper of the Seale laies open the cause of the Earle of Essex in the Starre-Chamber to appease the people and the Lord Treasurer and the Lord Admirall and Secretary Cecill 249 The Earle of Essex wholly deuoted to prayer and godly meditation 251 A peace betweene Spaine and England proposed ibid. The Spanish Gallies arriue at Flanders 252 Charles King of Swethland sends ouer to excuse himselfe to the Queene of England ibid. The death of Richard Hooker 253 Anno M.DC. TItles to Crowne-Land confirmed by the Queene 154 A Proclamation that no gold or siluer should be carried out of the Kingdome 255 Tir-Oen conferreth honours vpon his followers ibid. Mac-Guir and Warrham Saint Leger are slaine ibid. Charles Blunt Lord Montioy made Deputy of Ireland who arriued there in the very midest of winter ibid. The Pope of Rome encourageth the Rebells of Ireland with his iudulgence and generall pardon 256 The forme and manner of it ibid. The Rebells sound an Alarme in the very suburbs of Dublin The Deputy neglects them and onely sets forward after Tir-Oen 257 But Tir-Oen preuents him ibid. The Deputy sends a Garrison to Vlster 257 The Citie of Derry is fortified and Tir-Oen repulsed 258 Ony-Mac-Mory-Og the chiefe of the Family of O-More is slaine ibid. The Lord Deputy sets forwards againe towards Vlster 259 He breaketh through many difficulties ibid. Mont-Norris Fort erected ibid. Henry Docwray chaseth the Rebels ibid. The Lord Deputy Montioy restraineth the furie of the Rebels in the Prouince of Leinster 260 After that he returnes againe to Vlster ibid. The exploits of Sir George Carew President of Vlster and what he did in that Prouince 261 A new proposall of a peace with Spaine againe ibid. Vpon what hopes this peace was propounded 262 Bononia or Bolonia the place appointed for the Treaty 263 Obseruations about the precedency of the kingdomes of Spaine England and France ibid. Peeres designed for the Queenes part 264 The instructions of the English for the Queenes honour ibid. Exceptions taken on both sides concerning some tearmes in the Commissions of the Delegates 265 The title of Most Illustrious canuased ibid. The English challenge for the Queene the first place 274 The Spaniards will not yeeld them place equall with them ibid. New instructions to the English from the Queene 275 The complaint of the Archduke about the Queenes succouring the Hollanders in the time of Truce answered 276 By reason of Priority or Equality denied to the Queene the Treaty breakes off very abruptly after it had continued three moneths 277 The battle at Newport with the rest of the proceedings there 278 Sir Francis Vere wounded in the leg and the thigh and his Horse slaine vnder him 280 They that were taken of the enemy they that were wounded and the Englishmens names that best deserued in the battle 281 Contentions betwixt the English French about prizes ibid. The matter of agreement betweene both parties 282 Contentions betweene the English and the Danes concerning Traffique and Fishing 283 The English complaine of the exactiâ—n of tribute for passing the Sound the Danish Delegates depart for want of victuals 285 Two Breefes sent priuately by the Pope against the K. of Scots nexâ— Heire to the Crowne of England ibid. The treason intended by the Ruthwens the Brothers of Earle Gowry 286 Great complaint in England for the scarsity of Corne. ibid. The Earle of Essex commanded to keepe his house 287 He appeares before the Lords Commissioners ibid. The Earle makes answere for himselfe 288 The L. Keeper interrupts the Earle in his answere 289 Great hopes of the Earles liberty collected from the Queenes naturall inclination to mercy 290 As also from the noblenesse vertuous disposition of the heart of Essex himselfe ibid. Considerations in what course of life the Earle was best to imploy himselfe 292 Great humblenesse of minde in the Earle of Essex 293 The Earles message to the Queene full of humility ibid. The Queenes answere in words she would often vse 294 Cuâ—â—e gets accesse to the Earle of Essex ibid. But the Earle is yet deafe to his bad counsell ibid. The Queen will not yeeld to Essex's petition 295 Whereat the Earle grew much discontented ibid. And now begins to hearken to ill counsell ibid. He keepes open entertainment for all commers 296 The death of Roger Lord North. ibid. Anno M.DC.I. EMbassadours sent from Maâ—ritania and Russia Pag. 297 Diuers Princes resort to visite the Quâ—â—ne ibid. The Earle of Essex quite deafe to any good aduice 298 He is mâ—re and more enraged but especially for the Earle of Southamptons beiâ—g assaâ—lâ—ed by the Lord Grey in the open street 299 He eâ—deauoureth to draw the King of Scots to his party ibid. The Earle of Southampton Sir Charles Dauers Sir Ferdinando Gorge Sir Iohn Dauis and Iohn Littleton made priuy to the Earle of Essex secret plots and purpâ—ses 300 Their meeting in Drewry house the things proposed there the conclâ—siâ—n of surprizing the Court. 301 Whereupon suspition is daily encreased of the Earles loyalty ibid. And the Earlâ— him â—elfe sent for to the Lord Treasurers 302 Bâ—t he excusâ—â—h himselfe by reason of ill health and went not ibid. He beginneth to conceiue new plots ibid. A great multitude of people assemble about Essex house 303 Some Lords of the Coâ—ncell sent to know the reason 304 The Earle of Essex his complaint to them ibid. The open clamors of the multitude to kill the Councellours 305 The Lords are lockt vp in Essex house ibid. The Earle himselfe entreth London to the Sheriffes-â—â—use 306 He is presently proclaimed Traitor ibid. He thinkes which way to returne home againe 307 Sir Ferdinando Gorge sets the Lords of the priuy Councell free ibid. A conflict neere the Bishop of Londons Palace ibid. The Earle takes bâ—at at Queene-hith and fâ—rtifies his house 308 The Earle of Essex commanded to yeeld will not but vpon some conditions ibid. The Admirall will giue none ibid. Tbe Earle determineth to issue forth vpon them ibid. But vpon better aduice begins to thinke of yeelding 309 They all yeeld themselues vp to my Lord Admirall ibid. The Earles of Essex and Southampton imprisoned ibid. The care of the Citizens highly commended by the Queene in a Proclamation 310 Thomas Lee taken and executed at Tiburne ibid. A Proclamation against 〈◊〉 and Râ—n-awaies 311 The plots of the Conspirators are
into England spreading it out that the French King either had embraced or would shortly embrace the profession of the Romish Religion Hereupon Sir Thomas Wilkes is disspatched into France to know the certainty and if as yet he had not altered his Religion to disswade him by forceable reasons contained in writing But before he came the King had made a publike profession of the Roman Catholike Religion at S. Dennis although notwithstanding euen some Papists at that very time lay in waight for his life The King ingeniously layd open to Wilkes the motiues of his conuersion thus VVHen first said he I was chosen King of France I tooke a solemne oath that at a set time I would be instructed in the Romish Catholike Religion neither was I admitted King vpon any other condition I haue deferred this my instruction in that Religion this full foure yeares neither but against my will I haue now condescended to it The King my Predecessour being taken away I was necessarily to retaine the same Counsellours and Seruants and by their voices being the major part haue things so beene carried that all my consultations against the Leaguers haue beene snatcht vp by them and neuer came to a prosperous successe Those that were Protestants and of my Counsell were seldome or neuer there being more then was needfull intending onely their owne affaires insomuch that I was quite forsaken euen of those in whom I put my confidence and fearing also lest that I might be forsaken by the Papists too I was necessarily glad to subscribe to their determinations and counsels I doe most solemnly protest that assoone as I was called to the Crowne eight hundred Noblemen and nine Regiments of Protestants returned home neither could I detaine them by any reason insomuch that I had not any but euen my houshold seruants of my Bed-chamber The Papists when they saw me forsaken euen of my own side began to domineere a little vrge me to an alteration of my religion saying that Catholikes cannot with a safe conscience obey an Heretike Yet I still prolonging it from day to day so delayed time till that seeing my owne weaknesse who being but relieued with a few supplies from my friends being vnequal to the Popes Spaniards and the Leaguers forces was faine to yeeld especially finding a third faction on foot betweene the Princes of the bloud-Royall the Officers of the Kingdome the Prelates and most of the Nobility who had entred into a consultation with the Gouernours of most Prouinces and Cities of my Kingdome to forsake me vtterly as one of a most hereticall naughtinesse and to share my Prouinces amongst them man by man And when my necessity afforded me no meanes of preuention for this vndertaken counsell I passed my word I would be conformed to the Roman-Catholike Religion They allowed me one or two moneths to conforme my selfe sending to Rome for my Absolution The Leaguers to preuent this made all possible speed to the election of another King many vowed their endeauour to enthrone Guize in my seate vpon condition that the places of Office that they did enioy might be assigned to them for euer and to their Heires Therefore with good deliberation haue I embraced the Romish Religion yet the Prelates refused to admit me into the Church without the aduice of the Pope of Rome till that I hardly perswaded them to admit of my conuersion without any information disputation or debating And by this meanes I haue throughly ioyned to my selfe the third faction preuented the election of Guize purchased the good will of my people and bound the Duke of Tuskany to me perpetually besides I haue saued the Reformed Religion from danger of burning which would necessarily haue followed if that my conuersion had beene brought to passe by Informations Disputations or Debates These things in the meane time Morlant certifieth the Queene of colouring what the King had done with very faire words but she much grieuing at it and discontented in minde hauing snatcht her Pen presently sent him a Letter much after this manner ALas what griefe what flowing sorrow what heauy groanes haue I endured in minde in hearing this newes from Morlant O the faith of men Is this an age could it be that worldly respects should put the feare of God from before thee can we possibly expect an happy end of these things couldst thou imagine that he that hath so long defended thee and preserued thee should now forsake thee certainly it is dangerous to doe ill that good may come thereon Then let some better spirit put thee in a better minde In the meane time I will not cease to commend thee in my prayers to God and earnestly beseech him that the Hands of Esau spoile not the Blessing of Iacob That you doe esteeme so well of our friendship I thinke I haue deserued it at a good rate neither would it haue repented me had you not changed your Father Certainly I cannot hereafter be your Sister by the Fathers-side But I will alwaies loue mine owne Father dearer then a counterfeit one as God himselfe knowes who in his good time bring you to a better path and a sounder iudgement Subscripsit Vostre Seur si ce soit à la vieille mode auec â—ouuelle je n'ay que faire ELIZABETHA R. In this her trouble she onely found ease and solace from the holy Scriptures the writings of holy Fathers often conferences with the Archbishop and euen sometimes out of the Philosophers she drew comfort For certainly I know that at that time she was very conuersant in the Booke of Boëtius and that she then translated it into English Amongst these things Wilkes certified the French King that he was nothing so good as his word in the affaires of Britaine that this lingring of Marshall D' Aumont was very hurtfull to his Mistresse the Queene both in regard of the losse of her Souldiers and the expences of her money and that it was as vnprofitable to him himselfe that the Queene would not encrease the number of her men in Britaine except there were some place of repose allotted for them The King laying the fault altogether vpon the negligence of Marshall D' Aumont promised to heale all such incommodies and prouide a place for the Queenes Souldiers Also hee gaue the Queene to vnderstand these things by Mouie a Gentleman of his Bed-chamber commending health and happinesse vnto her acknowledging that hee is beholding to her for his kingly honour promising withall that assoone as businesses were compassed at home and a truce made that he would march with his Army into Britaine In the meane time there is an agreement made between the Queene and him at Mellun in August vnder their hands and seales in good faith and the word of a Prince that with ioâ—nt forces the shall warre against the Spaniard both with offensiue and defensiue warre as long as hee shall warre against either of them
conditioned men to be his witnesses that he had incensed the Lord Deputy himselfe to his destruction that he had laine in wait for his life and not truely or sincerely to haue deliuered his answers to the Queene And truely the Marshall was altogether beleeued about the Court till such time as the Earle Tir-Oen hauing sent Letters into England proffered to come to his triall either in England or Ireland Yet on the other side certaine it is that the Earle had made a League with the Nobility of Vlster very secâ—etly to defend the Romish Religion for Religion was the onely cloaâ—e time afforded for warre and to shut out the Sheâ—â—ffes and all that lay in Garrison within their Territories to defend mutually their owne Rights and propell the Englishmens iniuries The next after O-Donell that encreased the rebellion was Mac-Guir a Nobleman who was thrust out as farre as Fermanagh for his more easier practise Hee was a man of a troublesome spirit and contentious who much complained that he was too much molested and troubled and vndeseruedly by the Sheriffe of that County Wherefore he rushed out preying on his neighbours grounds he enters Conaught hauing Gaurâ—n a Priest accompanying him whom the Pope had created Primate of Ireland This Gauran still egged him on to try his fortune and trust to the helpe of God assuring him that there could be no doubt of victorie But yet it fell out otherwise for by the valour of Richard Bingham Mac-Guiâ— was put to flight and his Primate and many more slaine Hereupon Mac-Guir breakes out into an open rebellion whom Tir-Oen persuing out of a counterfeit officiousnesse receiued a great wound to the praise both of his valour and loyalty Dowdall an Englishman and a valiant Commander beset tooke Iâ—eskelline neere the Lake Erne which was Mac-guirs best and strongest fortresse wherein he slew most that lay at Garrison in it And at that time were the pure Irishmen first chosen to be Commanders and put into Bands who being alwaies disloyall to the English made most thinke it then most vnprouidently done which truely they all found afterward indeed In the meane time the Earle of Tir-Oen keeping a watchfull eye ouer his owne affaires now began to challenge to himselfe the Title of O-Neale in comparison whereof the very Title of Caesar is base in Ireland by reason that Turlogh Lenigh was newly dead who before bore that Title forgetting his oath and promised faith to the Queene and paine of treason Yet it seemes hee forgot it not but would excuse it that hee onely did challenge it to himselfe to preuent others that likely else would doe so much And at last hee promiseth to renounce and disclaime all his right to it but yet earnestly desires that he be not bound thereto by any oath Presently after that he surpriseth one or two of Shan O-Neales sonnes that either by their own craftâ—nesse or some others conâ—iuence had escaped out of prison fearing leâ—t they might be a hinderance vnto him for he well knew in what esteeme they were amongst their owne and how easily they might bee able to crush all his pâ—ots and practises whatsoeuer Therefore when hee was expresly commanded by the Lord Deputy to set them at liberty hee still refused it onely complaining grieuously of the ill will of the Lord Deputy towards him the treachery of the Marshall and the iniuries of them that lay in Garrison yet he so couertly boâ—â— all this as that as if he had forgotten it all he came and professed obedience vnto the Depâ—ty giâ—ing his faith for security thereof and so in an humble submission returned home againe THE SEVEN and thirtieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1594. THe Queene perswaded her selfe that she could easily quench this young and modest rebellion that scarce durst shew it selfe in Ireland if that once she had but weakened a little that apparant and open faction in Scotland Wherefore hauing beene asked her counsell by the King of Scotlâ—â—d what she thought of the Decrees made by the States of Scotland for the preseruation of Religion and the peace of the Kingdome She sendeth Edward Lord Zouch into Scotland that he might confirme the Peeres of the English partie in their obedience and exact greater seuerity against those of the Spanish then that which the Decree ordained Since that it was most certainly confirmed that they had beene at Masse that they harboured Iesuites and Priests that they had sent blancks ouer into Spaine with their hands and seales thereto And â—ince that euen the Spaniard was now in contemplation and very neere practise of inuading England by Land-forces through Scotland which before he could not by Sea with all his inuincible Nauy The King made answer thereunto that he would vse all seuerity against the Papists that the Statutes of the kingdome could allow and that if they being giuen warning to shall not obey he would pursue them till such time that he should bring them into order or driue them out of the kingdome if so be that the Queene whom it concerned as much as himselfe would ioyne with him Zouch being somewhat peremptory in vrging seuere persecution of the Papists for indeed some of the zealous Ministers of Scotland continually suggested to the Queene that the King dealt more fauourably with Papists then either the necessity of the time would or his owne conscience if it were vpright could suffer him to doe the King demanded whether or no he were vnder any bodies authority or whether his Queene would prescribe him a forme of gouernment that was an absolute King But withall protesting that he would strongly defend his Religion and inuiolably preserue peace and amity with the Queene Yet againe somewhat complaining that Bothwell a most troublesome Rebell should be fostered vp in England since that hee so readily had deliuered to the Queenes hand the Irish Rebell O-Rorke that lurked in Scotland But Bothwell it seemes staid not long lurking in England but againe hee bore vp his rebellious Ensignes against his King and hauing entred Scotland with foure hundred Horse of Borderers of Scotland hee came as farre as Leeth without any impediment or resistance and hauing come thither after the Art of rebellion that colours fowlest deeds with fairest pretences he published this in writing SInce that the true Religion towards God the safety of the King the Honour the Iustice thereof the Commonwealth it selfe and that commodious friendship betweene the Kingdomes of Scotland and England were now in the extremity of danger by reason of some pernitious Counsellours who had crept into the Common-wealth who had suffered Masse-Priests to wander from Village to Village who had giuen ostages to the Low Countries and sent for Spaniards ouer to oppresse both the Religion and the Common-wealth and to breake the League with England That therefore he with the Nobility the Lords and Burgesses ioyned with him had determined out of their
your speech you ought to haue knowne that two Kings being at warre one against another it is lawfull for one side to seaze and surprize all aide and succour that is sent to the other side because he is bound to prouide that no damage from thence come to his kingdome and Common-wealth This we say is agreeable to the Law of Nations which we not onely do but euen the Kings of Poland Sweden haue done the like in the warres against the Muscouians As concerning the neere affinity which you boast of betweene your Master and the house of Austria you might also well remember that some of that Family of Austria were so neere your Master that they would haue got into his roome and got the Kingdome from him For other matters you shall vnderstand what Our will and pleasure is by our Counsellours And hauing spoke thus she betooke herselfe into her Closet The Embassadour in conference with some of the Queenes Councell that he might excuse himselfe shewed vnto them his Speech written which he said was made by others and deliuered to him by Thelitiskius Chancellor of Sweden Zamoske being absent and not knowing of it Shortly after the Queene sent Burghley Lord Treasurer the Admirall Robert Cecill and Fortescue of her Prluy Counsell willing them to certifie him these things That the priuiledges which haue beene heretofore granted to those Cities in Poland as also to the Hans-Townes in Germany were abrogated in the time of Edward the â—ixt yet that the Queene permitted them to traffique with the English vpon equall termes the like right But that she could not giue theÌ„ leaue to traffique by a better right vnlesse that like a wicked mother she should neglect her owne Children and make more of strangers That to surprize aide that goes to her enemies is not against the Law of Nations since Nature her selfe allowes that liberty that euery man should defend himselfe as well as he can and that that Law is not written but borne and bred in vs. Besides that in the mentioned priuiledges there was a Prouiso that those Cities should not furnish the enemies of England with any prouision as appeares in expresse words IT shall be lawfull for the foresaid Merchants to carry their Merchandise whither they will either within Our Realme of England or without prouided alwaies that they carrie them not to the Lands and Kingdomes of our manifest and notorious enemies Besides all this he was giuen to vnderstand that but lately which was fresh in their memories the Kings of Poland and Sweden surprized and conâ—iscated certain English ships and Merchandize onely vpon suspition that they had aided the Muscouian with prouision The Embassadour being demanded what he could say to these things made answer that he had no command to answer any thing but to deliuer his message and returne an answere and shortly after he was very courteously dismissed to returne home By this time the importunate supplications of the Hans-Townes to the Emperour of Germany had so farre preuailed that by Proclamation the society of Merchant Aduenturers were forbidden all traffique in Germany by reason that they traffiqued onely according to the Lawes of England in the Empire and not according to the Lawes of the Empire So that when the Queene had long time dealt with the Emperour by Sir Iohn Wroth and with the Princes of the Empire by Stephen Lesure for the suspention or delaying of this Proclamation and all was in vaine the very same day that the English Merchants were warned to depart Germany she banished all the Hans-Townes men and Merchandizes out of London commanding the Lord Major to take possession of the houses they had in the Citie of London which we call the Stiliard And hereupon they assembled all of the Hans-Townes at Lubecke on purpose to hinder the traffique of the English in Poland and Germany by all meanes The Queene that she might nuâ—lifie these malicious practises sent Sir George Carew Master of the Chancery into Prussia to enforme the King and States of Polonia and the Prutenic Cities those things which she answered to Dzialine the last Embassadour as also to certifie them that the Queene will willingly permit them to trade into Spaine with Corne and all kinde of Merchandize onely except warlike Munition although both by the Ciuill law and the law of Nations she might surprize any thing that is sent to her enemy Also that she was contented that the Hans-Townes should enioy their ancient priuiledges in England vpon condition that they should acknowledge them as her meere fauours and not as couenants lawfully and rigorously to be demanded for those priuiledges which are granted to Subiects by Princes much more to strangers and forreiners may be suspended reuoked and quite abrogated according to the diuersity of times the good of Common-wealths or other the like causes Withall that the Hans-Townes had had experience thereof in Denmarke and Sweden and in England in the time of Edward the sixt Philip and Queene Mary Besides that the case is not all one with Cities and Kingdomes and that Princes ought more to haue a care to protect and patronize their owne honour and Maiesty then the coâ—etousnesse of some Merchants Câ—rew so effectually dealt with them that they promised not to send any of there Embassadours to Lubecke or to conioyne them with the Hans-Townes in Germany Which hauing effected he passed ouer into Sweden where hee met the King of Poland at Steckburge brought into very narrow streights by his Vnckle Charles but he wrought but little with him by reason as the King himselfe courtâ—ously answered that alwaies it is prouided by the Lawes of the Realme that the King alone shall neuer enter into couenants or any bargaines or conditions with any Forreiner Hauing had other Leâ—ters deliuered to him by the Vice-Chancellour ready sealed he refused to take them the title of his 〈◊〉 the Queene being not absolutely perfect and compleat on all sides lest thereby he should seeme to derogate from her Honour and that is indeed the obâ—ect of an Embassadours greatest care although in the smallest matters as this was onely in the superscription From thence he passed vnto Elbing where he composed and ended many quarrels and contentions between the English and the Citizens thereof but this was in the next yeare yet I thought it fit to forestall the narration of it rather then to rent his owne voyage and the readers patience into a distraction This yeare also came Arnold Whitfield Chancellour of Denmarke from Christian the fourth King of Denmarke and with him Christian Bernick who restored againe the Carter of the Order of St. George wherewith the Queene had honoured Fredericke the Kings Father He requested the renewing of the ancient League betweene England and Denmarke also that the Danish goods might not be surprized by the English at Sea He pretended that the English vsed Fishing at Norway and the Islands
indignation of a weake Prince That the heart of the Queene is hardened I know what I haue to doe as I am a Subiect and what as I am an Earle and Marshall of England I cannot liue like a seruant and a bond-slaue If I should confesse my selfe guilty I should both iniure truth and God the authour of truth I haue receiued a dart in my whole body It is absolutely a sinne to serue after the receipt of so great a disgrace Cannot Princes erre cannot they iniure their Subiects Is their earthly power infinite T is the foole in Solomon that being strucke laughes They that receiue benefit by the errors of Princes let them beare the iniuries of Princes Let them thinke the Queenes power infinite who beleeued that God is not omnipotent As for my part I being rent in peeces with iniuries haue long eâ—ough within my brest endured the bitternesse thereof But yet for all this a little while after being more submisse hee was pardoned and receiued into fauour by the Queene whose greatest anger at any offence could neuer be stretched to a iust hatred except onely of the offence Buâ— here his Friends and Fauourers greatly began to feare a râ—ine who haue obserued that Fortune very seldome in reconciled with one whom she hath cast out of her care and that Princes are a great deale seldomer especially to those whom they themselues haue beene thought to haue offended and iniured About this time died William Cecill Lord Burghley Treasurer of England who being sorely troubled with griefe of minde and the Gout too sent his Letters to the Queene earnestly beseeching her that he might lay aside the burthen of his Offices The Queene presently vpon it came and visited him and comforted him very much but within few daies after hauing liued long enough to Nature and famous enough to Glory but onely not long enough to his Country he so quietly gaue vp the ghost that his greatest enemy could confesse that he hated nothing more or enuied any thing like to such a death in so great honour seeing that ordinarily the ends and Catastrophes of the Administratours of such great affaires as he did are both sad and sometimes sodaine Certainly he was an excellent man whom besides his venerable countenance and comely visage nature made and learning perfected to a great fame of honesty grauity temperance industry and iustice Besides these he was a wondrous well-spoken man in his curious language which neither was any way affected but plaine and easie His wisedome was strengthened by long experience and seasoned with great moderation His faith and loyalty well approued and his religious piety aboue all most to be commended To speake all in a word the Queene was most happy in such a Counsellour and England will be beholding to his counsell for euer If at any time it shall concerne posterity to know his birth he was borne at Burne in Lincolne shire in 1521. His Father was Richard Cecill Master of the Wardrope to Henry the eight his Mother Iane the Heire to the Family of Ekinton and the Walcots He when he was a young man was student in St. Iohns College at Cambridge where at the age of twenty yeares he tooke to wife Marie the Sister of Iohn Cheeke a very learned man who within one or two yeares after died Afterwards hauing beene a Student at Law in Graies Inne at London hee married Mildred a good Graecian and Latinist the Daughter of Anthony Coke Informer to Edward the sixth Hauing got into the house of the Duke of Somerset Protector of the Realme he was vnder him made Master of Requests being the first in England as I haue heard of himselfe that euer vsed that Title Afterwards he became Secretary to Edward the sixt and by him knighted He found some fauour with Queene Mary but greater with Cardinall Poole Tunstall and William Petra for his wisedome the resson of his fauour with Mary was in that although he with the rest subscribed hee most opposed that counterfeited pretence to Edwards kingdome whereby both Mary and Elizabeth were excluded from any right thereto But yet afterwards being a very religious Protestant although hee serued the times a little when he perceiued that his religion lay as a blocke in his way to all promotion he betooke himselfe to the seruice of Elizabeth she vsed his paines much in her affaires whatsoeuer Afterwards she made him one of her Priuy Councell and in the third yeare of her Raiâ—ne after the death of Sir Thomas Parry made him Master of the Wards which Office he so well performed prouidently to the good of the Orphans moderately to his owne good and liberally to the good of his Friends Kindred and followers without any iniuries that the Queene admiring his discretion committed the gouernment of all vnto him in a manner But as his power and fauour with the Queene encreased with him so did hatred and enuy in many of the Nobility against him but yet so that as he was wont to say he ouer came it with patience more then frowardnesse Afterwards the Queene hauing well approued his wisdome and loialty this thirteen yeares bestowed on him the title of Lord Burghley and Lord high Treasurer of England In which Office alwaies hating those base trickes of heaping money together as hee encreased the publike good so also his own priuate estate by his paines and parsimonie He was very vnwilling to haue any thing spent vnlesse for the honour of the Queene the defence of the Kingdome or the aide of our Neighbours He narrowly looked into although not with the eies of security yet of equity the affaires of the Custome-house and the Tole takers that belong thereto He would professe that hee neuer liked that the Exchequer should like the Spleene encrease continually and the rest of the members wither and fade away and truely hee strongly endeuoured that the Prince might not grow rich by the peoples misery of taxation but that both the one and the other might want nothing Hee would often say that nothing was profitable to the Prince that was not honourable for her also to doe and hereupon he would not suffer the Reuenews of her Lands to be encreased or the old Tenants remoued or Farmers put out As for his priuate estate he so well managed it that neither he euer went to Law with any man or any man with him Of his former wife Mary Cheeke begot hee Thomas now Earle of Exeter very fruitfull in his issue Of his second wife Mildred Coke he begat Robert Earle of Salisbury his successour in the greatest Offices of the Kingdome with the like happinesse besides two Daughters that died before himself Anne Countesse of Oxford who had three Daughters Elizabeth married to William Earle of Darby Bridget married to the Lord Norris and Susan to the Earle of Mountgomery and Elizabeth the wife of William Wentworth that died without issue The Ouerseers
with Tir-Oen hee answered That Tir-Oen being potent proudly refused any conditions almost except hee would forgiue all the Rebels too in Ireland except the Irish should be restored into their possession which the English had and except the Romish religion might bee with libertie professed through all Ireland But when as these things were adiudged by the Councell uery heinous and then his returne into England againe especially with such company as he did grew also somewhat suspicious and the more being aggrauated by the varietie of plots laid by his potent aduersaries the Queene thought it fit to confine him to some custodie but yet not to any prison lest she might seeme thereby to cut off all her former fauours towards him but she confined him to the Lord Keepers house that so not being at libertie he might not be led away with euill counsell The Earle tooke it very vnkindly that both his and his friends returne should be so misconstrued to a suspition of ill For I haue seene his owne hand-writing wherein in a very faire method he digested and heaped together whatsoeuer he did thinke would be obiected against him To wit that first neglecting his instruction he delayed his expedition into Vlster by losing fit opportunities both wasting and wearing the Queenes Forces elsewhere Secondly that he had made couenants and a truce most beneficiall to the Rebels Lastly that the affaires in Ireland being not set in good order that contemning the forbidding of the Queene hee had left Ireland and returned with so many warlike men To these things hee adioyned this answere I Before I left Ireland set all things in that order as now they are that there hath beene no hurt done these nine moneths That there was no reason why his companions that came with him should be suspected they being few and hauing good occasions of their returne and that no more then sixe accompanied him to the Court What hurt could hee doe with so small a company It had beene an easie matter for him to haue thought or done any hurt when he had the armie and all Ireland at his command If he were desirous of reuenge that he needed not any others helpe For he is quickely master of anothers life that is a conteÌ„ner of his own But I knew saith he who said to me Vengeance is mine and I c. Shall so great a calumnie fall vpon mee that my returne should be suspected who haue worne away my body in my Princes seruice that haue spent my fortunes that haue lyen suppliant at my Princes feet Equitie and charitie ought to admit of these things but vpon very good grounds against them especially whom the profession of the same religion and the noblenesse of birth would free from the like suspition Shall such suspition fall vpon me Who haue lost my father and brother in the seruice for this Land Who for thirteene of the three and thirtie yeeres I haue seene haue serued the Queene and for seuen of them thirteene haue beene of her priuie Councell Who haue beene hated of all those that either enuied the Queene or her religion Who haue so exposed my selfe to euery ones reuenge out of my dutie to her and my paines against her enemies that no place but this Kingdome and no time but while shee liues can secure me from them Neither did he alone thus complaine but many also euery where some of them conspiring together by violence and force to set him at libertie but he out of his honest and true noble mind would not suffer it But let vs returne to Ireland and leaue Essex that hath left it The times of the truce are scarce gone out once or twice but Tir-Oen with an enemies courage assembling his Forces prouides againe for warre From England was Sir William Warren sent to him by the Councell to know wherefore he brake the truce To whom hee loftily answered that hee indeed brake not the truce but gaue warning fourteene dayes before his renewing of the warre And that the occasion of his renewing the warre was very iust by reason he vnderstood that Essex the Deputie in whom hee had reposed the trust of his life and goods had beene committed in England and that now hee would not haue to doe with the Counsellors of Ireland who dealt but scuruily and deceitfully with him before And that now if he would he could not renue the League againe because already he had sent forth O-Donell into Conaugh others of his coÌ„federates into other quarters of the kingdom In the meane time there were rumours spred vp downe ouer Ireland not without Tir-Oen being the Authour of them that shortly England should be vexed againe with new commotions and truely they were prepared reasonable well for the matter for the wickeder sort in Ireland encâ—eased daily in number and strength they which were of the Irish stocke now looking after nothing but their ancient liberty and Nobility The honester sort of the English bloud being daily cast downe more and more to see so great charges of the Queene spent in vaine complaining also that now they were excluded from any offices in the Common-wealth and vsed like meere strangers and Forreigners But Tir-Oen he was very cheerefull and couragious boasting and bragging vp and downe that now hee woâ—ld restore to Ireland it 's ancient liberty and Religion He receiues to his protection all tumultuous persons furnisheth them with succour confirmes the doubtfuller sort and eagerly laboureth to weaken the Command of the Engish in Ireland bâ—ing lull'd on with hope of the Spaniards aide and money and prouision which once or twise was sent him and thereto also not a little encouraged by the promises and Indulgences of the Pope who had now sent vnto him the Fether of a Phoenix it is like because Pope Vrban the third a great while ago sent to Iohn the Sonne of Henry the second Lord of Ireland a Crowne of Peacockes Feathers In the meane time many men that had but little to doe and some suggested thereunto extolled the Earle of Essex for all this wounding the Councell in their disgracefull bookes and sometimes the Queene too through their sides as all neglecting the good of the Kingdome and taking no care for Ireland Whereupon the Councell the day before the â—nd of Michaelmas Tearme meeting according to their custome in the Starre-Chamber the Lord Keeper hauing admonished the Nobler sort to retire into the Country and keepe good Hospitality among the poore and willed the Iustices of Peace not onely seuerely to punish the transgressours of the Peace but by all meanes to preuent all transgressions Then greatly accusing the â—uill language of those back-biters and calumniators that had traduced all the Councell hee declares vnto them how carefull the Queene hath beene in prouiding for Ireland and appeasing the tumults therein and how preposterously Essex went to worke with the Rebels and how base couenants with Tir-Oen he had
whither or no the Queene were ready to goe to Supper or whether any of the Priuy Councell were there There being taken and then examined the next day being condemned by Crosses witnesse and his owne confession he was hanged at Tyburne and there indeed he confessed that he had beene a very wicked lewd fellow but in this cause very innocent protesting that he neuer thought any thing in his life against the Queene This execution indeed might another time haue beene longer deliberated on but in these times necessity required such wholesome seuerity And well was it to shew how they would punish treason though perchance they hanged no traitor And now presently after all their assemblies and consultations at Drewry house were reuealed by one of the conspiratours enticed it is likely with hope of his life but who it was certainly I cannot tell And this when the rest being examined perceiued to be found out thinking also that all was knowne and counting it a foolish secrecy to conceale that which was already knowne hoping for no benefit of concealing reuealed all Hereupon Essex and Southampton who thought that all was safe enough were arraigned the 19. of February at Westminster before the Lord Buckhurst Treasurer of England Lord Steward for that day Their Peeres were the Earles of Oxford Nottingham Shrewsbury Darby Worcester Cumberland Sussex Hertford and Lincolne Viscount Howard of Bindon the Lords Hunsdon De-la-ware Morley Cobham Stafford Grey Lumley Windsor Rich Darcie of Chech Chandoys Sir Iohn of Bletnesh Burghley Compton and Howard of Walden which was then Constable of the Tower of London Besides Popham Lord chiefe Iustice of England Periam Lord chiefe Baron of the Exchequer Gawdy Feâ—ner Wamsâ—ey Clarke and Kingsmill These all being called by name Essex demanded if it were not lawfull for him as it is for a priuate man in the like case to take exception against any of them But the Iudges made answere that the credit and truth of the Peeres of the Kingdome of England is such that in any Law-case or iudiciall causes they can neither be put to their oath nor yet excepted against Then are they ioyntly demanded wherefore they intended to dispossesse the Queene of her Throne and take away her life from her which they intended in their resolutions of assaulting the Court of breaking into an open rebellion and of imprisoning the Priuy Councellours of stirring the Londoners to a rebellion and of setting vpon her Maiesties trusty Subiects in the City and by defending their houses against the Queenes forces They being demanded whither or no they were guilty of these crimes denied and submitted themselues to God and their Peeres Eluerton at large vnfolds the matter shewing that it is to be reckoned as treason euen to thinke any thing against the Maieste of a Prince Then he compares Essex with Catiline by reason that he heaped together in his rebellion men of alâ— sorts Atheists Papists and the wickedest that were Then he casts in his teeth the liberality and goodnesse of the Queene towards him that had bestowed vpon him an vndeseruing young man such vntimely honours accusing him for abusing them by hunting after popularity and the loue of Souldiers in an vnsatiable ambition of glory which neuer stinted but still like the Crocodile growes as long as it liues Then he shewes that he much wonders that the Earles would pleade not guilty when all the world could giue euidence of their offences Sir Edward Coke Solliciter shewes them out of Fitzherbert an English Authour among the Lawyers that the very inward thought of any villany against the Prince was indeed treason although not to be iudged so till it brake out into Word or Act. Then he shews that they intend the destruction of the Prince who run into rebellion who draw together an armed Band who being commanded to dismisse them refuse or who thinke of bringing the City the Tower or the Court or the Prince vnder their owne power Then hee runnes thorow all the graces and fauours of the Queene bestowed vpon him That she had made him Master of the Horse and warlike Engines That she had chosen him into her Priuy Councell That she had made him Earle Marshall of England and Lord Deputy of Ireland and that in a small time she had most munificently giuen him thirty thousand pounds of English money Then hee reckons vp the imprisonment of the Priuy Councellours the threatnings against them the feares they were put in and then he obiects his acquaintance to him with Danuers Dauis and Blunt all addicted to Popery Then shewed he how that they chose rather to goe into the City then come to Court because the glorious light of Maiesty glittering in the Queene would haue so blinded the eies of their treachery and treason that they would neuer haue dared to haue come neere Then he commends their confessions which came out voluntary and not being wracked out and also for the coherence of one with another and hauing wouen into his discourse an historicall Narration of all the matter about surprizing the Queene and calling a Parliament hee concluded his speech with this bitter Epiphonema THat it were to be wished that this Robert should be the last of this name Earle of Essex who affected to be Robert the first of that name King of England The Earle cheerefull in voyce and countenance answered to this that indeed it was the propriety of Lawyers to speake well and be good Orators who doe thinke it a great glory in accumulated speeches to aggrauate the offence of people in a manner innocent But for his Peeres he intreated them to consider of his case not according to the vehemency of his words but the truth of the thing protesting that for his owne part he was most sincere in his Religion and that he knew no otherwise by Dauis for he went daily to Church Concerning the threatnings to the Priuy Councellours he answered that he heard not any by reason of the tumultuous concourse and noise of the people that hee vsed them there as his best and chiefest friends but that he was compelled there to keepe them in custody by reason of the people and that he was necessarily droue thereunto in his owne defence after that once he had heard not by coniecturall thoughts but by sure reason of faithfull messingers that he was ready to be set vpon sodainly by his enemies And concerning the Queene hee said that he then did and still doth keepe his loyalty to so well-deseruing a Prince and that he nothing intended else then to prostrate himselfe at the Queenes feet and to lay open the dangers he was in and the danger that hangs ouer all the Kingdome Popham Lord chiefe Iustice of England being asked vpon his oath declared how vnworthily and ill they had bin vsed at his hands The Earle made answer that he intended no harme to those Honourable persons but respected them with great honour
to Mounster against some petâ—y rebells neglecting his Commission Tir Oen and and Essex talk together Tir-Oen desireth to haue conference againe with Essex A truce made for sixe weekes The Queene is angry with the L. Deputy She writes backe to him The Deputy much discontented at the Queenes letters He plots secretly to take some indirect course An army of 6000 choice footmen mustered in London Essex vnlookt for returnes to England He comes and kneeles before the Queene He is committed to custody He remoues the suspitions conceiued by his returne When some would haue freed him out of custody by force hee would not Tir-Oen breakes the truce Tir-Oen beares himselfe very proudly A Feather oâ— a Phoenix sent to Tir-Oen from the Pope The Keeper of the Seale layes open the Earle of Essex his crimes The L. Treasurer layes them open And the L. Admirall And Secretary Cecill The Earle of Essex wholly denoted to pious meditations A peace with Spaine propounded The Spanish Gallies arriued at Flanders Charles K. of Swethland sends to excâ—se himselfe to the Queen Richard Hooker died this yeare 1600. Doubtfull law titles confirmed A proclamation that no gold nor siluer should be carried out of the Kingdome Vide Carlet p. 192. Tir-Oen confers honours on his followers Mac-Guyr and Warham of S. Leger are slaine Montioy arriued in Ireland The Pope of Rome encourageth the rebels by his Indulgence Essex most desirous to set vpoÌ„ Tir-Oen Tir-Oen preuents him He sends a Garrison to Vlster Derry is fortified Tir-Oen repulsed O-more is slaine The Earle of Essex sets forward again towards Vlster He breakes through many difficultis Mont-Norris Fort. Docwray chaseth the Rebels Essex restraines the fury of the rebels in Lagene He returnes to Vlster The Exploits of George Carew A new proposition concerning a peace to be made with Spaine Vpon what hopes this peace was propoâ—nded gathered out of a confeâ—ence held at Rome Boullâ—n or Bullen A treatie made at Bononia Obseruations of the precedency of England Spain Out of Volateran The Peores designed for the Queenes partie The instructions of the English Exceptions in the Commissions of the delegates on both sides The title Illustrious The English challenge the first place The Spanish will not yeeld them a place equall with them New instructions to the English from the Queene The Treaty is dissolued The skirmish at New-port Contentions betwixt the English and French about prizes Contentions with the Danes concerning traffique The East India company instituted Two Breues sent priâ—ily by the Pope of Rome against the King of Scots next heire to the Kingdome of England The treacherous plots of Earle Gowries Sons against him Great complaint in England for the scarcity of Corne. The Earle of Essex begins to repent him of his former purposes and actions Essex is commanded to his own house His appearance befoâ—e the Lords Commissioners The Earle makes answer for himselfe The L. Keeper interrupts his answer The hopes of his liberty gathered from the Queenes naturall inclination to pitty Next from tâ—e noblenesse and vertuous disposition of the Earle Thirdly from the diuers intents of his very aduersarins Considerations in what course of life the Earle 〈◊〉 best to imploy himsâ—â—fe The great humility of the Earle Cuffe railes at the Earle The Earles message to the Queene The Queens answer Cuffe againe intertained by the Earle The Earle is deafe to Cuffes bad counsell The Queene will not yeeld to Essex his petitions The Earle is much disconted at his deniall He hearkens to bad counsailes 1601 Embassadors from Mauritania and Russia Diuers Princes resorted to visit the Queene * I did purposely omit the genuine translation of these words because I vnderstand they were interserted since the body of this History was composed as may be seene in the Manuscript of M. Cambden himselfe which is now in the hands of that famous and worthy Scholler M. Iohn Selden Suspition daily increased of Essex his loyalty He plots new matters A great multitude assembled at Essex his house The Lords of the Priuie Councell sent to the Earle of Essex Essex his complaint The clamâ—ur of the multitude Essex enters London He is proclaimed Traitour The Earle thinkes of returning home againe Gorge sets the Councellours free that the Earle had lockt into a roome A conflict neere the Bishop of Londons He takes Boat at Queenehith and gets home to fortifie his house He is besieged He is commanded to yeeld himselfe The Earle â—etermines to â—â—ue forth He begins to thinke of yeelding They yeeld themselues Essex and Southampton imprisoned The loyall care of the Citizens is highly commended Thomas Lee is taken Lee is hang'd at Tiburne A proclamation against Vagabonds and run-awaies The conspirators complots are detected Essex and Southampton arraigned The heads of the accusations They are vnfolded by the Queenes Lawyers The Earles reply He excuseth his iniuries done to the Counsellours He layes open the iniuries done to himselfe The Earle seekes to extenuate Gorges testimony Southampton defends his owne cause Cases propounded to the Iudges assistants Essex accuseth his aduersaries Bacon remoues the accusations Essex interrupts his speech Cecill comes forth Cecill speakes to Essex Knolles is sent for Cecill inueighs against Essex Southampton againe excuseth himselfe The Iudges Assistants opinion concerning the Peeres protestations Sentence pronounced against Essex and South-hampton * Mr. Camden himselfe Others also arraigned Essex desires to speake with some of the Councell He accuseth Cuffe Essex reueales others that knew of the conspiracie Essex brought to execution He is beheaded His commendation His stocke and Ancestors His wife and issue Others are arraigned Blunt examined Danuers accused Dauis arraigned Cuffe arraigned The request of Sir Christopher Blunt and Sir Charles Danuers Cuffes execution and Mericks at Tiburne Blunt and Danuers beheaded Blunts confession Sir H. Neuill committed The punishment of Daniel an Imposter The Queens answer to the Embassadors of Scotland Gallies prepared The States thinke how to subdue Flanders They are preuented by the Arch Duke Vere made gouernour of Ostend The description and scituation of Ostend A parley about the yeelding vp of Ostend Vere breakes it off Marshall Birone sent ouer to England A Parliament at Westminster Monopolies restrained The Queenes speech concerning them The death of Henry Earle of Pembroke And of the Lord Norris The death of the Lord Willoughby A Proclamation against transporting money into Ireland Deliberation about altering the Irish Coine The Souldiers pay altered without any tumult or mutiny The Lord Deputy sets on towards the Rebels And Henry Docwray on the other part 500. English surprize Donegall Monastery Rumours concerning the Spaniards sailing towards Mounster calls the Deputy backe Ballashanon seized on The President intercepts the titular Earle of Desmond He findes out their consultation about the Spaniards conuenient landing He makes preparation to goe against them The President informes the Deputy of the affaires A consultation whether the Deputy should enter Mounster without his forces The Spaniards land in Ireland The reasons of their comming published The English beset them The Spaniards droue aut from Rincurran Castle Tir-Oen commeth into Mounster The Râ—bels determine to bring their forces into the Towne The English hinder them The Rebels retire The English persue them They fight the 24. of December The same day the Earthquake was in London The Rebels flie * Alferez The commodities of the victory The Spaniards desire a Parley Articles concerning yeelding 1602 Dumboy Castle assaulted by the President The Rebels reduced into order Bishop O-Hegan slaine A Nauie dispatcht to the Spanish shore The Gallies and Caracke set vpon in the Hauen of Cezimbra A Caracke and Gallies are set vpon The Gallies are put to flight Some of them taken A parley They yeeld The rest of the Gallies are for Flanders They light vpon the Queens ships They skirmish Their Gallies vaâ—quished The treaty at Bremen with the Danes They complaine of too much tribute paid for passing the Sounds Thâ—ir demands A controuersie discussed about the freenesse of the Sea The treaty breakes off Disagreements betwixt the Iesuites and Secular Priests See Watsons Quodlibets of Statâ— Iesuites and Secular Priests banished Marshall Byron beheaded The French King complaines of the D. of Bullen He askes Q. Elizabeths counsell what he should doe with him The Queens answere The French Kings reply The opinion of others concerning this matter Geneua relieued The death of Alexander Nowâ—ll Tir-Oeâ— feares both his owne power and his armies The Deputiâ— persues him He builds Charlemont And Fort Montioy Docwrâ—ay chaseth the Rebells Yet he is slightly regarded More of the Rebels submit themselues Tir-Oeâ— craues pardon Tir-Oen absolutely submits himselfe The Queene falls sicke * In the Kings preface to the Reader in his Basilicon Doron Pag. 1. lin 10. Lod. Lucius li. 4. Historiae Iesuiticae ca. 4. pa. 517. Basil. 1627. Rabad Append. schismat Anglican cap. 23. pag. 98.
of fiue hundred horse He was one of the appointed Guard for the Queene of Scots Afterwards at the decease of the Duke of Norfolke he was substituted Earle Marshall of England For the space of fifteene yeeres he continued in such trusty loyalty that neyther the calumny of the Court the plots of his enemies nor the troubles hee sustayned by his second wife could vndermine or shake it to the glory of his wisedome as well as valour Hee had by Gertrude the daughter of Thomas Earle of Rutland his first wife Francis that died vntimely Gilbert that was his heire married to Mary Cauendish the daughter of his mother in Law Edward married to the daughter and ioint heyre of the Lord Ogle with Henry and Thomas Hee had daughters Catharine married to Henry the sonne of the Earle of Pembroke that died issuelesse Mary married to Sir George Sauil and Grace to Sir Henry Cauendish By his later wife Elizabeth the widow of William Cauendâ—sh hee had no issue And to make vp the Catalogue of this yeeres mortality Thomas Lord Wentworth also departed this life being the last English Gouernour of Callice whose second sonne Henry for the eldest died when the Father liued succeeded In Ireland the last yeere Hugh Gaueloc so nicke-named by reason of his long continuance in fetters the naturall son of Shane-Oneale had accused Hugh Earle of Tyre-Oën for hauing had priuy conferences with some Sp aniards that in 88 were cast vpon the Irish shoares which accusation the Earle coueting to frustrate by some speedy preuention gaue order that he should be surprized by some tricke or other and strangled and when the reuerence of him and his familie had strucke such a conscience into the exeâ—utioner that was prescribed for this villany that hee refused to doe his office the Earle himselfe was reported to haue fitted the cord and strangled him hâ—mselfe Heereupon being cited into England he craued the Queenes pardon for his fault and obtayned it at her Maiesties Manour of Greenwich where he protested a peace with all his neighbours but especially with Turlogh Lenigh and gaue hostages for the assurance of the performance also of not assuming vpon himselfe the title of O-Neale or the exercise of any Iurisdiction ouer the Nobility that were hâ—s neighbours of reducing all Tyr-Oen into the compleat forme of a County of imposing no taxations which they call Bonaghti vpon his poore Countrey men that were vnder him Of not blocking vp the passage for prouision for the English Garrison at Blacke water or the riuer More of not admitting Monkes Friers or Nunnes or other rebels to reside within his territories or dominions and of performing many more such like Articles yet on this condition also that Turlogh Leâ—igh and the rest of the Nobility neere him might bee bound to a peace also with him lest that his necessity of quietnesse should excite their after iniuries After his returne into Ireland he made a confirmation of his former protestation before Sir William Fitz-Williams Deputy of Ireland and other Councellours of Estate and indeed for some time there was such an vnexpected reformation in his outward cariage that might promise an vnquestioned loyalty of an obedient subiect which he so coloured with the smooth pretence of vertue that his now exemplary duty seemed vnto many from conscience more then the feare of disobedience Not long before the Lord Deputy hauing apprehended at home Hugh Roe-Mac-Mahon a great Noble man in the County of Monaghan whom his owne iudgement before had preferred before some others of the Nobility that contended with him for principality caused a company of common souldiers to passe Iudgement vpon him as the Irish complayne condemned and hanged him for hauing displaied his banners after the rude custome of the Irish and demanded his tributes from them His lands were diuided amongst the English and some of the Mac-Mahons certaine reuenewes onely being alotted them which they were to hold of the English The policy of this iustice was to weaken as much as might bee a House greater then the rest and â—tronger in the multitude of dependants and also vtterly to extinguish both the tyranny and the name of Mac Mahon A title that whosoeuer could purchase eyther by might or right seemed to priuiledge them to any iniurious tyranny The terrour of this seuere Iustice so amazed the guilty conscience of Brian Ororcke a noble man in Brennie that lies next to Monaghan that striuing to preuent such torture in himselfe he prouoked it and for feare of being apprehended turned traytor and tooke vp armes against the Queene But being vanquished by Sir Richard Bingham President of Conaugh he fled ouer into Scotland and was deliuered at her demand to the hands of the Queene The King of Scotland willingly sending her both him and this answer That hee esteemed euery one of her enemies his owne which indeed appeared for hee not onely sleighted his Popish Peeres in Scotland and the Earle of Westmorland with some other factious English who would haue incensed him against the Queene but also caused Iames and Donald Mac-Conell to giue in caution not to nourish any sedition in Ireland either out of the Hebrides or Scotland THE FOVRE and thirtieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1591. IN all this variety of troubles there was not any more busied the whole thoughts of the Queene then the affayres in Bretaigne and the desire of succouring the distressed King of France Wherefore in the beginning of this yeere sending ouer to him Sir Edmund Yorke who louingly reproued him for his last three months silence she admonished him to enter into consideration how much it stood him vpon to secure the Dutchie of Bretaigne and to contriue some possible meanes to preuent the second comming of the Duke of Parma promising him sufficient assistance to driue out that enemy that had alreadie possessed his Countrey vpon condition that the King would but paralell her forces The French King hauing much extolled the care and loue of the Queene gaue her ampâ—e thankes and larger promises requesting her for some three thousand men for his war in Britaine and some Regiments to be forthwith transported ouer into Picardy nominating Cherburge Glanuile or Brest and â— laweâ— too I know not whether to make a ieast rather than an answer for Ports for retyring for them Hereupon hee gaue full authority to Beavâ—ire No-cle his ordinarie Embassadour in England to couenant for him with the Lord Burghley Treasurer Charles Howard Lord Admirall and the Lord Husdon Chamberlaine Delegates for the Queene whom he brought to these Articles First that three thousand should be sent ouer into Picardy and Britaine reâ—dy furnished Secondly that the King â—hould repay the charges of their transportation their payes and the prices of their furniture and all necessaries at London within a whole yeare or sooner if so bee the enemy should bee remoued sooner out of the Kingdome The Queene