is situated near the River Alan and was heretofore the Seat of a Bishop Bodrogh a City of the Upper Hungary on the River Danube which was heretofore the Capital of an Earldom This place lies 7 German Miles South of Segedin 16 East of Buda and about 4 Miles North of Esseck it is now in the hands of the Emperor by the Conquest of Buda and Segedin in 1686. Bodrog a River of the Upper Hungary which riseth in the Carpathian Hills and falls into the Tibiscus at Tokay Boeotja an antient Province of Greece now called Stramulipa Plutarch and Pausanias and Epaminondas were Natives thereof the famous Helicon and Aganippe stand in it the Rivers Asopus and Cephisus watered it and in all the former Wars of Greece this Province bore a considerable Share See Stramulipa Bogazin the Streight between Constantinople and Asia antiently called Bosphorus Thracicus Bogdiana the same with Moldavia Bohemia a great Kingdom in Germany belonging to the House of Austria which though it is almost encompassed by the German Territories yet is properly no part of Germany It has a distinct and different Language and been a separate Kingdom ever since the year 1086. Bounded on the North and West by the Dukedom of Saxony on the East by Hungary and on the South by Bavaria and Austria containing almost 40 Towns and Cities in it that they call Royal whereof Prague is the Capital This Kingdom maintained great Wars with the Caroline Race of Kings till about the year 894. Borzivoius Duke of Moravia becoming Prince also of Bohemia procured their imbracing the Christian Faith universally When in the year 1196. Petrus Capuanus one of the Cardinals of Rome would have brought in Celibacy amongst their Clergy he met with great opposition and ran the hazard of being slain by the Bohemian Priests They received the Waldenses who fled hither about the year 1230. John Hus's and Jerom of Prague about the year 1414. had great success in their Preaching and George Podiâ—bach King of Bohemia became his Convert In 1454. there was another Accession of the Waldenses insomuch that in 1467. there was 200 Churches of this Persuasion in Bohemia and Moravia In the year 1536 they imbraced Luther's Reformation 1564 they obtained from Maximilian that Liberty which Ferdinand I. had deny'd them which lasted but one Year In 1575. they obtained their Liberty again which was confirm'd in the Year 1611. by Rodolphus II. Matthias the next Emperor not maintaining these Grants they chose Frederick Elector Palatine King of Bohemia and Crown'd him at Prague in 1619. This caused a War with the House of Austria The Elector being ejected by force of Arms in the Year 1620 for 30 Years following Germany became an Acheldama a Field of Blood and the Reformation was ruined by an Edict made in 1630. And the House of Austria in Germany was in almost equal danger Albertus Duke of Austria obtained this Crown by Election in the Year 1437. And in the Year 1526 Ferdinand Arch-Duke of Austria was freely elected after the former Branch had been discontinu'd since which time there has been no Interruption but that unfortunate one made by Frederick Elector Palatine so that it is become by the Strength of the House of Austria and the Weakness of the Bohemians an Hereditary Kingdom to the House of Austria The King of Bohemia is the first secular Elector of the Emperor of Germany though it be no part of the Empire Boiana a River that divides Dalmatia from Macedonia this River is commonly call'ed il Drino and in its proper place I shall speak more of it Boiano a Colony and City of the Samnites in the County of Molise upon the River Biferno which falls into the Adriatick Sea It stands at the foot of the Apennine in the borders of Campania 18 Miles from Trivento towards the North and 22 from Capua towards the East and though it is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Benevento yet it is little and ill built and ill inhabited Boii an ancient People 1. of Gallia Celtiqua possessing the Provinces now called Auvergne and Bourbonnois in France 2. of Bavaria in Germany otherwise mentioned by the Names of Bojares and Bavari See Bavari 3 Of Gallia Cispadana in Italy where are now the Dutchies of Modena and Parma See Gallia Boisâ—clle or Enrichemont Boscabellum a Town in the Dukedom of Berry in France with a Castle and the Title of a Principality betwixt Bourges and Sancerre Bois-de-Trahison or Bois-de-Gamelon a Forrest upon the Banks of the Seine betwixt Paris and Pontoise in France One Gamelon in the time of Charles the Great using to ambuscade Men here has left his Name to the Place Boisy a Seigniory in the Country of Chablais in Savoy near the Lake of Geneva Bolena Bolina Bolaenae an ancient City of the Morea mention'd by Pausanias and Stephanus near to Patras and the River Glaueus and sometime an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Patras Bolene a Town in the County of Venaisin in Provence in France upon the Ascent of a little Hill with the River Letz gliding at its foot It shews the ruines of a Castle Boleslaw Boleslavia a small City in Bohemia upon the River Gizera which falls into the River Albus This City stands eight Miles from Prague towards the North-East There is another call'd Irung-Bunczel which stands within two Miles of Prague where the Gizera falls into Albus which last was built in 935. They are distinguished from each other by the Names of the Old and the Younger Boleslaw Bollerbrun a Lake near the Village of Altembeck in the Province of Westphalia in Germany having a remarkable strong Flux and Reflux daily Bolli Paphlagonia a Province of the â—esser Asia Bologna in Italy See Bononia Bologne à la mèr the Icius Portus of Cesar Gessoriacus Portus and Gessoriacum a City of Picardy a Province of France it is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rhemes and stands upon the River Liana Lenart which there falling into the British Sea on the South of this City makes a convenient Hâ—ven This City is distant from Calis about seven Leagues to the South and five from Estaples to the North. It gives name to a small County which from it is called le Bonlenois The Town is divided into two parts the Upper and the Lower both which are well fortified This place seems to have been the usual place of passing into Britain during the Roman Empire and both Claudius and Caligula came to it on that account And Pliny saith it was the shortest and most convenient Passage It began to be called Bononia about the time of Constantine the Great who took it in his Passage to his Father then dying at York Henry the VII of England in 1487. reduc'd this City to a very low condition when he entred France for the Protection of the Dutchy of Britain but then Charles the VIII of France bought his Peace and preserv'd it His Son Henry the VIII took
a Town in the County of Burgundy Haslemere a Market Town in the County of Surrey and the Hundred of Godalming priviledged with the Election of two Parliament men Haslingden a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Blackburn Hassia Hessen called by the French Hesse is a Province of Germany honored with the Title of a Landtgrave or Marquisate which is a Provincial Earldom It lies in the Higher Circle of the Rhine between Westphalia to the North Westerwaldt and Weteraw to the West Franconia to the South Thuringe and the Dukedom of Brunswick to the East The chief Cities and Towns in it are Cassel Hirschfeldt Marpurgh Smalkalden and Ziegenheim Princes of its own have possessed it ever since 1263. It is fruitful in Corn Pasturage Woods Mines and Game This Country took its Name from the Hessi who Conquering the Chatti its old Inhabitants changed the old Name From East to West it extends it self thirty three German Miles in length from North to South twenty three Converted to the Christian Faith by Winifrid or Boniface an English Saxon about 730. Hasnon a Monastery in Artois Haspaam Haspahamum Aspahamum or Hispaham the Royal City of the Kingdom of Persia in the Province of Hierach where the Sophy or King of Persia resides Very great rich populous and daily growing greater The King has here a most magnificent Palace there belong to it three very large Suburbs Some think the ancient Name was Hecatompylon others Aspa The Kings of Persia have resided here near an hundred years and that is it that hath given it this great increase It stands upon the River Zenderoud or Zenderu which ariseth from the Mountain of Dimavend and divides this City into two parts and about five Miles beneath is swallowed up by the Sands It lies seventy German Miles from Casbin to the South eighty from Ormus to the North and a little more from Bagdat to the East Seated in a Plain surrounded on all sides at the distance of about three or four Leagues with an high Mountain like an Amphitheatre Long. 86. 40. Lat. 32. 26. The Province of Hierach in which it stands was the ancient Parthia This City with the Suburbs is about eight German Miles in compass and has twelve Gates whereof there are but nine constantly open it has about eighteen thousand Houses and five hundred thousand Inhabitants The Walls and Bastions are of Brick but ill built ill kept and out of repair so that they are of no use to secure the City Upon the River there is a lovely Stone Bridge This City was taken and destroyed twice by Tamerlane and about 1450 suffered much from one of its own Princes The Mosques the Bazar or Market Place the Baths great Mens Houses and Gardens are the great Ornaments of it Some of the great Houses with their Gardens take up twenty Acres of Ground these Gardens they adorn with Fountains Flowers fine Walks and delicate Rows of Trees both for Shades and Fruits So that the far greatest part of this vast City is taken up by Gardens and not peopled like ours I have taken this short Account out of Olearius who in 1637 was in this City and Thevenot who travelled this Kingdom since Hasbengow See Hasbaigne Hassio Porto Heraclea a Town in the Lesser Asia in Caria between Miletum and the Mouth of the Maeander now Madre thirty Miles from Ephesus to the South Hastings Othona the first of the Cinque Ports in the County of Sussex consisting of two Streets extended in length from North to South having in each of them a Parish Church seated between a high Clift to the Seaward and an Hill to the Land upon a small Brook on the South side of it five Miles West of Winchelsey and near the Eastern Borders of this County It hath had a great Castle upon the Hill which commanded it but this is now ruined and instead of it stands a Light-House to guide the Seamen This and the other Cinque Ports its Members was to send the King twenty one Ships each of which to have twenty one tall Men in it who were bound to appear upon forty days Summons and to serve fifteen days at their own Charge but if the King desired them longer he was to pay to the Master and Constable Six-pence the Day and to each Mariner three pence The Harbor here was made by a Pere of Timber which being destroyed by the raging Seas in 1578 Queen Elizabeth granted a Contribution for the Repairing of it but the Money was misimployed and the Work neglected so that the Trade and Fishery of this place is since that time much decayed The Honorable Theophilus Hastings Earl of Huntingdon is Baron of Hastings This Title being given to Sir William Hastings his Predecessor by Edward the Fourth in the second year of his Reign This Corporation Elects two Members of Parliament Hatfield Bishops a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Broadwater upon the River Lea. Adorn'd with a stately Palace call'd Hatfield House now in the Possession of the Earls of Salisbury but heretofore belonging to the King Hatfield Broadoke a Market Town in the County of Essex and the Hundred of Harlow upon the River Touridge Havage See Meroë La Havana or S. Christoval de la Havana a famous Sea-Port in the Isle of Cuba in the Bay of Mexico in the West-Indies very great and fortified to the utmost that Art and Expence can arise to seated at the North End of the Island over against the Cape of Florida being the Harbor to which all the Fleets from Spain direct their Course Here they unlade their European Merchandises here they take in the Plate and other Riches of the Spanish West-Indies in order to their Transportation into Europe so that it is one of the most frequented Ports in the West-Indies Whilst all this Wealth passeth and repasseth through it much of it must stick so that it is become very rich and populous The Spaniards have built a strong Castle and setled here a Governor and a good Garrison of Spaniards Yet notwithstanding all this Care and Charge the Buccaneers a few years since with a small number of Ships under Spanish Colours surprized and plundered this place and made the Inhabitants pay a vast Ransome to preserve it from being burnt It lies in Long. 292. 10. Lat. 20. 00. Havant a Market Town in the County of Southampton and the Hundred of Bosmere Havaspeude Dacia Alpestris Havelburgh Havelburgum Havelberga a small City in the Circle of the Lower Saxony which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Maegdeburgh it stands in Prignitz a Territory in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh upon the River Havel which one Mile lower falls into the Elbe ten Miles from Maegdeburgh to the North and twelve from Berlin to the West The Bishops of this Diocese have imbraced the Augustane Confession ever since 1556. Haverford West a Market Town and Corporation in Pembrokeshire in Wales which elects one Parliament man Haverill
to the North. Iser Isara a River of Germany in the Dukedom of Bavaria It ariseth in the Borders of the County of Tyrol three Miles from Inspruck to the West and flowing to the North through Bavaria watereth Munick or Munichen the Capital of that Dutchy and Frisingen beneath which the Amber Ambra from the West falls into it at Landschut and at last it ends in the Danube over against Derkendorf six Miles West of Passaw and the same distance above Straubing to the East L'Isere Isara a River in France which is caled Isar by Ptolemy and Scoras by Polybius it ariseth in the Territory of Tarentaise near Moutiers in the Dukedom of Savoy which it watereth beneath which it takes in the Arche from the South then passeth by Montmelian to Grenoble over against which it admits the Drac from the South and above Valence falls into the Rhosne It is a rapid River § There is another of this Name in the Dukedom of Bavaria in Germany Isernia Aesernia a City in the Kingdom of Naples by some called Sernia It stands in the Province of Molise and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capua seated four Miles from the River Volturno to the East and the same from the Confines of the Terra di Lavoro at the foot of the Apennine thirty Miles from Capua to the North and almost twenty from Trivento to the South It is now in a tolerable good state and made more famous by the Birth of St. Peter Celestine a Pope Isin Istnisca a Village and a River in Bavaria six Miles from Munichen to the East Isis a River of Oxfordshire at the Confluence of which with the River Thame stands Dorchester in the same County Island Thule Islandia is a great Island in the Northern Ocean called by the Dutch Het Islandt by the Germans Ynslandt It lies between Norway to the East and Greenland to the West from East to West two hundred French Leagues and about half so broad Well peopled and fruitful towards the Sea-shoar but the middle is barren desolate and very Mountainous Nâ—ddock a Norwegian first discovered it in 860. and called it Sneeland that is the Land of Snow Flocko a Pyrate of Norway afterward gave it the Name of Isee-Land from the great quantity of Ice he found about it It began to be inhabited by the Norwegians under Ingulphus so soon as ever it was discovered that Nation being then dissatisfied with Horald their Prince It became subject to Norway in 1260. by doing Homage to that Crown and in the Right of that Kingdom it belongs to the King of Denmark who every year sends them a Governour who resides at the Castle of Bestede called otherwise Kronniges-Gard that is the Vice-Roys Residence They were converted to the Christian Faith by Adebert Bishop of Bremen Canutus King of the Vandals settled Bishops first amongst them in 1133. one at Hola another at Schalholt the two principal Cities and to each of them annexed a School They had at first neither Money nor Cities but lived in Caves in the sides of Mountains covered their Huts with Fishes Bones and eat dried Fish instead of Bread They speak the ancient Cimbrian Tongue In 1584 the Bible was Printed in their Language They have no Cattle but Horses and Cows nor any Trees but Box and Juniper The Country produceth so great a quantity of sweet Grass that their Cattle would burst 't is said if they did suffer them to eat it as they would On the East and West sides of the Isle there are burning Mountains The Inhabitants are strong and fierce It lies between eight and ten degrees of Long and in Lat. 67. one hundred and fifty German Miles from the Shoars of Norway to the West Their longest day in Summer is twenty four hours without night and their night in Winter when the Sun enters into Capricorn the same without day The Vulgar believe the Mountain Hecla to be the Prison of damned Souls Mines of Sulphur are found in it with which the Merchants drive a Traffick Isle de feu the Island of Fire one of the Islands of Cap. Verde upon the Coast of Africa so called from a burning Mountain therein It has a Port defended by a Fort on the North West The Ille of France Insula Franciae is a very great Province the most celebrated rich and populous of any in that Kingdom It is bounded on the North by Picardy on the East by Champagne on the West by Normandy and on the South by La Beausse it contains in it twelve Counties as le Parisis la Brie Francoise l' Hurepois le Gastinois le Mantoan le Vexin Francois le Beavoisis le Valois le Soissonois c. The principal City is Paris the Royal City of this Kingdom Islas de los Ladrones or Islas de las Velas by the French called Isles des Larrons a mass of little Islands in the Archipelago of St. Lazare betwixt the Oriental and the Pacifick Oceans extending from North to South at the extremity of our Hemisphere Eastward Discovered in 1520. by the famous Magellan Some inhabited by a salvage people whose addiction to Thievery occasioned this general ill name upon them all of the Islands of Thieves Yet the greatest part are barren They reckon fifteen principal ones The Air temperate but that the Hurricanes from time to time rage with violence These Salvages are excellent at making of Matts and they traffick to Tartary in Canoes Isle Maurice an Island in the Aethiopick Ocean to the East of Madagascar so named by the Hollanders in 1598. in honour of Maurice of Nassaw Prince of Orange But the Portugueze made the first discovery of it who called it Ilha do Cerno or Swan-Island the English also have given the Name of Warwick to its Haven In 1640. the Hollanders settled upon it and have built it a Fort. It yields Palm-trees Cocao Ebony plenty of Fish and Tortoises of a vast magnitude § There is another small Island of this Name near the Coast of Moscovia to the West of Weigats Streight discovered by the Hollanders in 1594. in their search for a North Passage to China Full of Lakes Ponds and Marishes Isles des Papas du Pape or des Princes called by the Turks Papas-Adasi by the Greeks Papadonisia or the Priests Island from their being inhabited by the Religious Caloyers of the Order of S. Basil lie within four Leagues of Constantinople betwixt the Sea of Marmora and the entrance into the Streights of Gallipoli The Europeans of Constantinople and Pera ordinarily divert themselves at them Isles des Perles the Islands of Pearl are a Shoal of Islands in the South Sea twelve Leagues from Panama in South America to which the abundance of Pearls heretofore fish'd out of the Sea adjacent occasioned the giving of this Name The two principal are Del Rio and Tararequi Maze and odoriferous Trees grow upon them The Spaniards here having made an end of all the Natives serve themselves
the West in the borders of the Bishoprick of Mentz upon the River Tauber Lauden Laudonia See Lothaine Laudichia Laodicea a City in the Lesser Asia It stood in Galatia in the Consines of Lycaonia but is now a small Village called by the Turks Ladik consolated by nothing but a Caravansera or place for the Lodging of Travellers and Baths of warm Waters now wholly neglected § There is another City in Asia called by the same Turkish name but Lyche by the Inhabitants See Lyche Lavello Labellum Lavellum a City in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari very small but it has marks of great antiquity It stands in the limits of the Capitanata three Miles from the River Ofanto The Bishop's Jurisdiction is no larger than the Walls of the City Lavenham a Market Town in the County of Sussex in the hundred of Babergh upon the River Breton and an Eminence adorn'd with a spatious Church Lauffenburgh a small German City upon the Rhine on a Rock well fortified under the Dominion of the House of Austria between Sohafhausen to the East and Basil to the West five Miles from either It was often taken by the French and Swedes in the great War but by the Treaty of Munster at last restored to the Emperor There is here a Bridge over the Rhine and the Town stands on both sides of the River Laugingen or Lawgingen Lavinga a City in Schwaben in Germany under the Duke of Newburgh it has been a Free and Imperial City but is now exempted It stands upon the Danube one Mile above Dilingen and six beneath Vlm to the East E. Lavington a Market Town in Wiltshire in the Hundred of Swanborn Lavinia Lavigna or Citta Lavinia Lavinium a City of Latium in Italy built by Aeneas forty one years after the ruin of Troy which is now a small Village in Campagna di Roma 18 Miles from Rome 10 from the Tyrrhenian Sea and 42 from Gajetta to the North-West It is now under the Dominion of the Pope but inhabited by a very small number of People Lavino Labinius a small River in Bononia about eight Miles from that City to the West toward Modena It falls into the River Samogia which a little lower ends in the Reno which falls into the Po six Miles below Buondeno Upon the Banks of this River the Triumvirate between Octavianus afterwards Augustus M. Antonius and Lepidus was agreed and signed Lauraguais Lauriacus Ager a District in Languedoc in France which gives the Title of a Count and takes its name from a Castle It lies between the River Ariege and Agout within the Mountains The capital Town of it is Castelnaudari Lauriol or Loriol a considerable Town in Dauphine in France near the River Drome which soon after falls into the Rhosne betwixt Valence and Montelimar It was often taken and retaken by the Catholicks and Huguenots in the Civil Wars of France in the last Age. Some suppose it to be the Aria of the Antients Now fortified Lausanne Lausonium Lausanna a City in Switzerland the Capital of the District of le Vault belonging to the Canton of Bearn ever since 1536. whereas before it was an Imperial and Free City subject to none but the Empire It is also a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Besanzon or Byzants as the Germans call it but the Town being possessed by none but Hereticks as Baudrand saith the Bishops have removed their Residence to Friburgh since the year 1532. It stands six German Miles from Geneva to the North-East and a small distance from the Lake of Lemane to the North. This Lake is sometimes from this City called the Lake of Lausanne This City since it fell under the Dominion of the Canton of Bearn has been made an University Lausanitz See Lusatia Lautree a small Town in the Territory of Albigeois in Languedoc in France two Leagues from Castres upon a sruitful Hill for Wine The Castle it formerly had is ruined Yet it retains the honour of a Viscounty Lawenburgh See Laubenburgh Lawenburg Lawenburgum a Town in Pomerania near the Baltick Sea under the Duke of Brandenburgh but a Fee of the Kingdom of Poland It stands in the Territory of Pomerel upon the River Lobo eight German Miles from Dantzick to the West two from the borders of Prussia and three from the Baltick Sea The Poles call it Louwenborch Lauwers Lavica Laubacus a small River in the Dutch Friesland which parts it from Groningen and then falls into the German Ocean over against the Isle of Monick Doge Laxia Colchis See Mengrelia Lazach a City and Kingdom of Arabia Foelix under the Turks Lazi an antient People of Sarmatia Europaea dwelling heretofore upon the Banks of the Palus Maeotis or rather towards the Caspiae Portae near the Iberi We read of their Conversion to the Christian Faith about the year 522 when Zatus their King was baptized at Constantinople the Emperon Justinus standing his Sponsor Lazzara See Granico Laberberg See Jura Leaotung a Province of the Kingdom of China subject to the Tartars since the Year 1630. towards whom it lies Lea a River of Hartfordshire on the Banks whereof Hartford Ware Harfield and Hodsdon are all four situated The same separates the County of Essex also from Middlesex Lebuss Lebusia a small City in the Marquisate of Brandenburg which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Gnesna one Mile from Frankfort on the Oder to the North. This Bishoprick was founded by Miecislaus Duke of Poland in 965. Sold in 1260. to Otho Marquess of Brandenburgh by Boleslaus Duke of Silesia and has ever since been in this Family In 1555. this Bishoprick with its Bishop embraced the Augustane Confession Lecca Lecci Lecce Aletium the principal Town in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples which is great rich and next to Naples the most populous in that Kingdom It is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Otranto from which it stands 20 Miles to the South and 7 from the Shoars of the Adriatick Called by the later Latin Writers Litium Leck Lech Licus Lechus Lycias a River of Germany which ariseth in the County of Tirol in the Confines of the Grisons and flowing Northwards between Bavaria and Schwaben and passing through Ausburgh falls into the Danube over against Papenheim a little beneath Danawert The Inhabitants of that of Bavaria which lay next this River about Ausburgh are called by Strabo and Pliny Licatii and at this day Lechrainers from this River Leck Fossa Corbulonis a Branch of the Rhine in Holland which divides from it at Wyke in Vtrecht and running Westward in the North part of Holland beneath Rotterdam falls into the Maes Lectoure or Leictoure Laictoure and Letoure Lactoracum Lactorium Lectora Civitas Lactoracium a City in Gascony in France which is the Capital of the County of Armagnac and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux It is seated on an Hill and
inhabited by any but the Wild Arabs though prodigiously fruitful and that he frequently met the ruins of great Cities buried in their own Rubbish whose Memorial was perished with them Lisonzo See Isonzo Lissa an Island belonging to Dalmatia thirty Miles South of Lesina Lissus a River of Thrace said by Herodotus to be drunk dry by Xerxes's Army § This is likewise the ancient Name of the Town Fionissi in Canadia which Strabo calls Lictus See Fionissi And of another in Albania near the Bay of Drin now called Alessio Listra Lystra a City of Lycaonia in the Lesser Asia mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles It lies forty Miles from Cogni Iconium to the West and was once a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Iconium but is now totally ruined and desolate Lita Lete a City of Macedonia upon the Gulph of Thessalonica which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Thessalonica two Miles from it to the South Lithquo See Linlithgo Lithuania a Province and Grand Dukedom belonging to the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Litwa by the Germans Littawen by the Poles Litewsky which was heretofore a part of Sarmatia Europaea This Country imbraced the Christian Faith in 1386. Jagellon Grand Duke of Lithuania being made King of Poland and in 1569. this Dukedom was for ever united to the Kingdom of Poland It is bounded on the East by Moscovy or great Russia on the North by the same in part and by Livonia and Samogitia on the West by Poland properly so called and Mozâ—via on the South by Red Russia The Dukedom of Czernichow did heretofore belong to this Province which is now under the Russ The principal Cities are Breslaw Brest Grodno Minsko Mohilow Noovogrodook Poloczk Troki Wilne or Vilna the Capital and Witebsk This is the greatest Province belonging to that Kingdom being in length from the River of Polet to Dassow two hundred and sixty German Miles and in breadth between the Niemen or Memel and the Nieper eighty It is all overspread with Woods Forests and Marshes which since the times of Sigismond I. have yet been very much improved The Air is exceeding cold and the Inhabitants as barbarous Their language is a dialect of the Sclavonick and their Frontiers have been often desolated by the incursions of the Tartars and Moscovites Livadia Lebadia Creusa a City of Boeotia which from this City is now called Livadia It is seated upon a River which falls into a Lake of the same name but was anciently called Cephissus Mr. Wheeler who had seen this Place saith It is an ancient City and still called by its ancient name the Greeks pronouncing B as we do the V Consonant The ancient buildings are yet remaining we found saith he several Inscriptions to the same purpose it is situate about a pointed Hill on the top of which is an old Castle on the N. side of the high Cliffs of a Mountain of a moderate height which I took to be part of the Helicon till I found it afterwards parted from it by a Valley therefore I now take it to be Mount Tilphusium This City stands fifteen Leagues from Delphis now Salona to the East From this City all that part of Greece which was anciently called Achaia is now called Livadia lying from Negropont in the East to the Ionian Sea West having Thessalia on the North the Gulph of Lepanto the Hexamilia and the Bay of Corinth on the South in which stand Lepanto Salona Livadia and Athens Livenza Liquentia a River in the State of Venice which ariseth in the borders of Bellunese and flowing South separates the Marquisate of Treviso from Friuli then falls into the Venetian Gulph twenty Miles from Venice to the South East Livonia called by the Inhabitants Lieâ—land by the Poles Inflanty by the French Livonie is a great and cultivated Province of the Kingdom of Poland ever since it was taken from the Knights of the Teutonick Order but the greatest part of it has since been taken from them by the Swedes It is bounded on the North by the Bay of Finland on the West with the Bay of Riga both parts of the Baltick Sea on the South with Samogithia and Lituania and on the East with Ingria and Pleskow two Provinces belonging to the Russ It is divided into four Counties Esten Esthonia Curland Semigallen and Letten Esten is under the Swede and also Letten except a little part towards the East which the Russ have Curland and Semigallen are subject to a Duke who is a Feudatary of the Crown of Poland there belong to it also Oesel and Dagho two Islands in the Baltick Sea which were possessed by the Dane till in 1645. by a Treaty at Bromsbro they were yielded to the Swede The chief Towns in it are Narva Parnaw Revel Riga the Capital Derpt and Wolmer It s length from Narva to Memmel is ninety German Miles its breadth from the Sea to Dodina sixty It produceth Wheat in abundance which the Dwina and Narva bring down to Riga and Narva for Exportation Its Forests abound with wild Boars Bears c. which come over the Narva out of Russia This People being then Barbarous began to imbrace the Christian Faith about 1161. Meinradus became their first Bishop in 1190. The way of Instruction being thought too slow by his Successors Albertus one of them instituted an Order of Knights to Bang them into Christianity which were called the Livonian Order but in time united with the Teutonick in 1237. About 1525. these two Orders were again parted by Albert Duke of Brandenburgh and Sigismond King of Poland put an end to them in 1587. In 1617. the Swedes became Masters of this Country In 1634. the Muscovites ceded all their right to it to Ladislaus K. of Poland who by the treaty of Stumsdorf confirmed the Swedes in the possession of as much as they held on the North of the Dwina for twenty six years All which was entirely yielded to them in 1660. by the peace of Oliva Livorno See Ligorne Lizaine Liricinus a River in Normandy The Lizard Point the furthest South-West Point or Cape of the Goon-hilly Downes in Cornwal which is a tract pretty large shooting forth from the main Land into the South Sea In Latin called Danmoniorum Promontorium Lizza Laodicea Llanbeder a Market Town in Cardiganshire in Wales in the Hundred of Moythen Llandaff Landava a small City and a Bishops See in the County of Clamorgan in South Wales seated upon the West side of the River Taff three Miles to the North from the Sea This Bishoprick was Founded by Germanus and Lupus two Holy French Bishops about 522. And Dubricius a Holy Man was made the first Bishop to whom Meuricke a British Lord freely gave all the Land that lieth between the Taff and the Elei But one Kitchin a Bishop about the time of the Reformation so wasted the Revenue that it will scarce maintain its Bishop Dr. William Beaw the seventy sixth Bishop is the present
Name from Pole which signifies a Plain in the Sclavonian Tongue Bounded on the North by the Baltick Sea the Swedish Livonia and Russia by the last and the Desarts of Tartary on the East on the South by the Vpper Hungary Transylvania and Walachia on the West by Germany This Kingdom is of a round Figure two thousand six hundred Miles in compass The Earth plain but full of Woods which do in some degree rectifie the Coldness of the Air. They have no Wine as for Barley and Pulse they have more than they spend The People are Industrious and Learned good Souldiers proud and prodigal The Christian Faith was first settled in Poland under Miceslaus in the year 963. by one Meinardus The Reformation about 1535. crept into these Countries but never generally imbraced nor persecuted The Greek Church has some footing here too but the most general is the Roman Catholick This vast Kingdom is divided into thirty four Palatinates most of which I shall mention in their proper places The principal Cities are Belzko Braclaw Braslaw Briescie Kaliss Kaminiec Chelmo Krakow Elbing Dantzick Gnesna Kiow Lenzycze Lwow Lublin Lucko Malbork Mscislawau Minsko Novogrod Plocko Pozan Przemisl Konigsberg Sendomiers Siracz Thorn Trocko Warzawa commonly called Warsaw the Capital of Poland Wilna Witebsko and Wlodzimiers The first Duke of this Kingdom was Lechus who began his Reign in 694. His Posterity in eleven Descents continued till 800. when Priastus was the first elected Duke In the year 1000. Boleslaus Son of Mieceslaus received the Title of King from Otho III. Emperour of Germany The present King is the forty sixth Prince and the thirty second King of Poland who has had the Honour to be the Preserver of Christendom by the Relief of Vienna and many other brave Actions Though this Prince has the Name of a King and the first Dukes were in truth Kings without the Title yet at present he is nothing less being not allowed to make Peace or War to impose Taxes make Laws alienate any of his Demeans or in short to do any thing of Importance which concerns the Publick without the consent of the Diet. He does not only swear to do all this but allows their Disobedience in case he violates his Oath which makes the Subjects the Princes Judges and this Kingdom a meer Aristocracy or knot of petty Kingdoms under one Head Whence the Tartars and Muscovites have reaped great advantages and the King of Sweden once with forty thousand men reduced this Country to the last extremity which otherwise accounts two hundred thousand men a small Army to be sent into the Field by Poland Socinianism hath been a prevailing Sect here it oweth its denomination to the two Socinus's Laelius and Faustus Natives of this Kingdom who in the last Century amidst the distractions of people about Religion revived the ancient assertions of Arius Nestorius c. called Heresies under their own Names There is besides a general mixture of Roman and Greek Catholicks Jews Calvinists Lutherans Anabaptists c. Polaquie Polachia a small Province in the Kingdom of Poland between Mazovia to the West Lithuania and Polesia to the East The principal Town of which is Bielka Pole Pola a Province on the East of Moscovy towards the River Tanais between Mordua Rezania and the Kingdom of Astracan in which there is no City or Town of Note Polesie Polesia a Province of Poland in the great Dukedom of Lithuania extended from East to West between Red Russia Volhinia Mazovia and the Palatinate of Novogrod The principal Town is Brescie twenty five Miles from Lublin and thirty from Warsaw to the East This Province is extremely over-run by Woods and full of Bogs and Marshes Policastro Policastrum Polaeocastrum a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Principate on the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea fifty five Miles from Salerno to the North-East It is now almost desolate yet a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Salerno and gives Name to a Bay formerly called Sinus Laus Polignano Polinianum Pulinianum a small City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari Polina Aous one of the principal Rivers of Albania it ariseth ten Miles above Apollonia an ancient City now called Pollina and falls into the Adriatick Sea Others call it Piergo Near this River Philip King of Macedon received a great Overthrow from the Romans on which account it is mentioned by divers Historians Polizzi Politium a great Town in Sicily built upon an Hill six Miles from Nicosia and twenty from Palermo Pollina or Periergo Apollonia a City of Macedonia now in Albania upon the Adriatick Sea Heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Durazzo but now a Metropolitan See it self Seated thirty five Miles from Durazzo to the South and inhabited by a small number of Men under the Dominion of the Turks In this place Octavianus afterwards Augustus was at his Studies when Julius Caesar his Uncle was Murthered in the Senate Long. 45. 06. Lat. 40. 19. â—oloczko or Polloczki Poloczka Polocia Polotium a City of Lithuania in the Kingdom of Poland the Head of a Palatinate which was once a Dukedom It stands upon the Dwina where it receives the Polotta having upon each River a Castle seventy five Polish Miles above Riga to the South-East and fifty five from Vilna to the North-East Taken by the Russ in 1563 retaken by Stephen King of Poland in 1579. Of later times it changed its Master again but is now under the Poles Pologne See Poland Pomeiok an Indian Town and River in Virginia upon the North Sea Pomerania a Province of Germany called by the Inhabitants Pomeren by the Poles Pomerska It lies in the Upper Circle of Saxony bounded on the North by the Baltick Sea on the East by Prussia on the South by the Marquisate of Brandenburgh and on the West by the Dukedom of Mecklenburgh Extended upon the Baltick Sea from East to West two hundred English Miles A plain and fruitful Country yielding great plenty both of Corn and Grass Butter and Cheese c. full of People of a vigorous Constitution This Country in 1295 was given by Mestovius the last of its Princes to Primislaus King of Poland who enjoyed all the Eastern part as far as Prussia and the River Weyssel or Vistula The rest continued under Princes of its own till 1637 when Bugius the last of them dying without Heirs Males this great Country by the Treaty of Munster was divided between the Swedes and the Duke of Brandenburgh All that lay on the West of the Oder and the Dukedom of Stetin being left to the Swedes together with Rugen an Island in the Baltick Sea and Dam and Golnow two Towns beyond the Oder The further or more Eastern Pomerania and Prussia was granted to the Duke of Brandenburgh There is in this vast Country under the Swedes these Cities Anclam Gripswald Stetin Stralsund and Wolgast and under the
by the Sacred Writers It was seated upon a Mountain in the Tribe of Ephraim built by Omri King of Israel as is recorded 1 Kings 16. about the year of the World 3112 or as others 3â—19 and becoming from thenceforward the Royal City of that Kingdom it became one of the greatest strongest and most populous as well as most beautiful Cities of the East Benhadad King of Syria besieg'd it first about 3146. with a vast Army and reduced it to great Extremities it was then delivered by a Miracle Salmanazar King of Assyria was the next that attempted it and took it after a Siege of three years in 3314. He carried the Israelites into Captivity and peopled it with a new Colony composed of divers Nations and Religions who were the implacable Enemies of the Jewish Nation especially after the building of a Temple in Samaria after the manner of that of Jerusalem about the times of Nehemiah by one of the Sons of Joida the High Priest who had married a Daughter of Sanballat the Horonite Governour of Samaria under Darius King of Persia for whom his Father-in-law built a Temple on Mount Gerizim Hyrcanius the High Priest of the Jews about the year of the World 3941. took and intirely ruined this City which lay desolate till Herod the Great rebuilt it about 4033. and called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Honour of Augustus The Temple of Samaria was standing in our Saviour's time as appears in S. John's Gospel after our Saviour's Passion this City received the Christian Faith by the Preaching of Philip the Evangelist about the year of Christ 35. Simon the Father of Heresie was one of these new Converts and the Founder of the Gnosticks About 42. Herod Agrippa obtained this City as an Addition to his Kingdom from Caligula In the first ruin of the Jewish Nation under Vespasian this Nation and City had no great share of the Calamity because I suppose they sided with the Romans in this first Revolution against the Jews But in the second under Adrian the Emperour they acted otherwise and about the year of Christ 135. were together with the Jews extirpated by the Arms of that Prince This City has ever since lain buried in its Ruins though there are some few remainders of the Samaritan Nation to this day in Palestine and Grand Cairo where they keep their Synagogues and their ancient Sacrifices Especially at Sichem now called Naplouse in Palestine the residence of their High Priest who pretends to be of the Race of Aaron But following Laws and Rites different from those of the Pentateuch they have nevertheless the esteem of Hereticks amongst the Jews The Samaritans of Mount Gerizim were mortal enemies to the ancient Christians there till the Emperour Justianian took and burnt their King Julian and curbed them from time to time by very severe Edicts See Gerizim It stood thirty five Miles from Jerusalem to the North. Long. 66. 40. Lat. 31. 30. or as Mr. Fuller saith Long. 69. 10. Lat. 32. 30. Sambales the little Islands near the Peninsula of Jucatan in New Spain in America where good Amber-Greese is fished up with great dexterity by the Indians Sambas Sambasum a City on the North side of the Island of Borneo in the East-Indies which has an Harbour upon the Ocean though it lies thirty Miles from the Shoar up into the Land Sambia a Province of Prussia called by the Poles Szamlandt one of those twelve Counties into which Prussia was divided by Venodotius one of its Princes in 733. § Also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gâ—â—sna whose Seat was at Coningsperg but now united with the Bishoprick of Ermeland or Warmerland It lies between the Bay of Curland to the North the River Pregel to the South and was a part of the Circle of Natingen now under the Duke of Brandenburg Sambre Sabis Saba a River of the Low-Countries which aâ—iseth in Picardy and soon after entring Hainault divides it watring Landrecy Berlamont and Maubeuge It passeth by Charleroy to Namur the Capital of the Province and there falls into the Maes Samnites an ancient and powerful people of Italy who inhabited the Countries now contained in the Terra di Lavoro the Capitanata the Abruzzo the Dukedom of Benevento c. and made War with the Romans a long time before they could be entirely reduced Samo Samos Parthenia Cyparissa an Island belonging to the Lesser Asia in the Ionian Sea near Ionia as being but five Miles from the nearest Shoar of Ephesus and sixty from Chius now Sio to the South It is about eighty in compass It has a City on the East side which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus so poor that it will scarce find its Bishop Bread yet is this Island so fruitful that almost nothing can be planted which the Earth will not bring to maturity The Wines of it are exceeding pleasant but for want of a Trade and encouragement the Inhabitants plant little more than they use The Inhabitants were so powerful in ancient times that they managed a prosperous War against the Ephesians and afterwards against the Athenians and Milesians about the year of Rome 313. and the eighty fourth Olympiad till Pericles about the year of the World 3510. reduced them Upon his departure they reassumed their Liberty and forced him to besiege their City nine Months before he could take it to invent the Battering Ram and several other Engines for that purpose and even after this they sustained some other Wars Their greatest Glory was Pythagoras the Father of Philosophy Juno was their principal Patroness and Goddess in whose honour there was a famous Temple erected by them This Island once so powerful rich and populous is by the Turks who are Masters of it reduced to that mean and depopulated condition that a few Pyrates dare land and plunder it as they please So that ever since 1676. no Turk durst venture to live upon it lest he should be carried into Captivity by these Rovers as four of them were then by Monsieur Crevellier a famous Privateer Samogithia a Province of the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Samodzka-Zembla by the Poles Samudska-Ziemia by the Germans Samaiten by the French Samogitie It is a very large Province bounded on the North by Curland on the East by Lithuania on the South by Prussia Ducalis and on the West by the Baltick Sea its length from East to West is thirty five German Miles but not of equal breadth The principal Towns in it are Midniky or Womie Kowno and Rossienie which last is the Capital of this Province It was anciently divided into twelve Counties now into three and overspread with dark thick Woods Yet it is a Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Gnesna the Bishop having his Residence at Womie and this Province is very often included in Lithuania largely taken the Fortunes of which it has always followed Samoiede or Samoyedes Samoieda a Province in the North-East of Muscovy upon
most admired and rich Temple of Apollo Pythius and the Oracle which the Gauls under Brennus attempted in vain to spoil in Christian times became a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens but since it fell into the hands of the devouring Turks it is become a poor small Village twenty Miles West from Leucadia forty from Lepanto to the East and about seven saith Baudrand from the Bay of Corinth It is observed by Suidas Cedrenus Nicephorus and divers others that about the time of the Nativity of our Saviour this Pythian Oracle became dumb And Augustus being astonished at its silence received for answer Me Puer Hebraeus divos Deus ipse gubernans Cedere sede jubet tristemque redire sub orcum Aris ergo dehinc tacitis abscedito nostris Nero afterwards plundered it of five hundred Statues of Brass with all its Wealth broke down its Buildings and distributed the Lands belonging to it amongst his Souldiers Delta an Island made by the Nile in Egypt of the fashion of the Letter Δ in the Greek in the way as that River flows from Cairo Ptolomy mentions two a greater and a less of this sort The ancient City Busiris did stand in the midst of this Island Demer Tabuda a River in Brabant Demetriade Dimnitrado Demetrias an ancient City of Magnesia in the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia upon the Gulph dell ' Armiro or the Pelasgicus sinus of the Classicks It has been heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Larissa from which it stands twenty Miles to the East Denbigh Denbiga one of the twelve Shires in wales has the Irish Sea on the North Flintshire on the East Merinoth on the South and Caernarvan on the West The principal Rivers are Cluyd Elway and Conwey which last separates this Shire from Carnarvan The West part is barren the middle where the Cluyd runneth is plain and very fruitful the last part except what lies upon the D 〈…〉 is less fertil Denbigh the principal Town stands upon a declining Rock H. Lacy Earl of Lincoln obtaining a Grant of this Place from Edward I. walled it and set up a Castle on the South side but wanting Water and being of difficult Access the Inhabitants have by degrees removed their Dwellings nearer the River and in Mr. Cambden's time were building a second Church the former not being able to contain the Inhabitants This Town has the River Aled or Elwy on the West and the Cluyd on the East which meet beneath it to the North it has a Bridge over both of them the later Maps place the Elwy on the South of the Town It stands fifteen Miles from Chester to the West and four from S. Asaph to the South The Right Honorable William Fielding is Earl of Denbigh and the fourth Earl of his Family Dendermonde Teneramunda is a strong Town in Flanders upon the River Schelde where the Tenera from Alost falls into it lying in the middle between Gant and Antwerp about five Leagues from either Denmark Denemarck Dania Cimbrius Chersonesus called by the Italians and Spaniards Danimarca by the Poles Dunska Is one of the most ancient Kingdoms of Europe yet of no great Extent Part of a vast Peninsula called of old Cimbricus Chersonesus in middle time Jutland and some Islands in the Eastern and Baltick Sea make the body of this Kingdom except that the Kingdom of Norway together with Greenland Island and Feroe is now annexed to it It was once a part of the Kingdom of the Goths but now a separate Kingdom consisting of two parts Jutland and the Isles The North of Jutland only is under the King of Denmark viz. Nort Jutland and the Northern parts of Suder Jutland Of the Islands Zeeland Fuynen and Bornholm in the Baltick Sea and Island in the Virgivian Ocean are the chief Coppenhague in the Isle of Zeeland is the Capital of the whole There were also three Counties on the Norway side Blecklen Schania and Haland which belonged originally to Denmark but in 1645. by the Treaty of Brooms-Boa these and some other Islands were surrendered by Christian IV. to the Swedes for ever and again in 1658. and 1660. confirmed to the Swedes This Kingdom had heretofore the Isles of Shetland on the North of Scotland which were granted to James VI. as a part of his Queens Dowry The King of Denmark possesseth also in Germany 1. Half the Dukedom of Holsatia 2. The Counties of Oldenburgh and that of Delmenhorst which two fell to him by Inheritance from the last Count of Oldenburgh Till 1660 the Crown was Elective but then made Hereditary by Frederick III. The Danes have also enlarged their Princes Bounds by planting a New Denmark in the North of America This Kingdom once was one of the most Powerful in Europe as may be remembred more particularly to us by their Incursions into England Scotland and Ireland where they maintained War with our Ancestors above three hundred years together But by the Fate of Time War and other humane Calamities reduced to the state in which it now is The Danish Writers derive its Name and pretend to give a Catalogue of their Kings from Dan the Son of Jacob. It is a cold Climate but fruitful enough in Corn Cattle and Fish and the greatest Revenue of the Crown comes from the Toll that is payed for passing the Sound Denia a Sea-Port in the Kingdom of Valentia in Spain over against the Isle of Yvica on the Mediterranean Sea eleven Miles from Valentia to the South Denin a celebrated Nunnery in the Low Countreys upon the Road from Valenciennes to Doway where the Chapter is composed of 18 Chanonesses who are all Ladies of Quality taking the Title of Countesses of Ostrevan from their Founder S. Aldebert an Earl of Ostrevan who left both his Estate and Dignity to them They enter into no Vows Marry at their pleasure leaving only their thanks to the Chapter for the honour they have enjoyed by it St Dennis en Uaux ad Sanctum Dionysium in Vallibus a Town in the Dukedom of Orleans in France St. Dennis Carriere a Town and a famous Monastery in the Isle of France two Leagues from Paris to the South one of the richest Monasteries in that Kingdom upon the River Crou which a little lower falls into the Scin. The Abbey was founded in 636. by Dagobert King of France in honor of S. Dennis whose Bones sleep here But the Church was rebuilt since by Suggerus one of their Abbots in three Years and three Months ending in 1144. Here are the Tombs of the Kings of France Some of which have died here too St. Dennis a Town in Normandy in the Forest of Lyons on the Borders of Beauvois in which Henry I. King of England died Deptford a large Town in Kent in Sutton Lath situated at the fall of the River Ravensburn into the Thames amongst rich and low Meadows and provided with a Dock and Store-house for the Navy Royal. It is divided into the
or painted Brick that each House has a Tower for their divertisement The great Mosque called Carruen is half a Mile in compass with thirty one Gates of vast height And the Library is said to contain besides a great number of other books two thousand Volumes of Manuscripts in the Arabick Language The Territory belonging to it extends from the River Burgrage to the River Gnave and on the North from the River Suba to the foot of Mount Atlas South which is called the Province of Fez and by the Romans Volubilis This Kingdom of Fez was erected by Abdulack in 1212 and long since united to the Kingdom of Morocco This Kingdom was a part of Mauritania Tingitana and has for a Century of years and more suffered great and srequent Mutations and Insurrections They are the greatest Bigots of all that imbrace the Mahometan Faith and the most bitter and implacable enemies of the Christian Religion having totally extirpated it in those Regions where there were once many great and flourishing Churches The Kingdom of Fez is bounded on the North by the Streights of Gibra tar and the Mediterranean on the West by the Atlantick Ocean on the South by the Kingdom of Morocco from which it is divided by the River Azamor and on the East by the Kingdom of Algier now by reason of their great intestine Wars much depopulated and ruined Fezzen or Fessen a Province of Biledulgerida in Africa which is a Desart Fiano a Castle in St. Peter's Patrimony in Italy upon the Tibur 15 Miles North of Rome ennobled with the Title of a Dukedom Fianone Flanona Flavona a Town and Port of the Province of Histria in Italy upon the Adriatick belonging to the Republick of Venice It stands advanced upon a high hill Fidari Lycormas a River of Aetolia which washeth Calidon now Galata a Village on the Bay of Thessalonica on the Archipeiago Fidonisi Achillea an Island in the Euxine Sea and also a Peninsula called of old Dromos Achillis at the mouth of the Borysthenes on the Eastern side It seems to be the same with Zagori Fiechtelberg Suditi Hercinii Montes a Ridge of Mountains which incircle Bohemia and divide it from Franconia to the West whence spring these great Rivers 1. Moenus the Mayn which entereth the Rhine at Mentz 2. Sala the Saal which falls into the Elb at Bernberg 3. Egra the Eger which falls into the Elb at Deutmeritz in Bohemia 4. Nabus the Nab which falls into the Danube above Ratisbone See Eichtelberg Fiesco a City of Caria called anciently Phusca in the later Maps Fischio a little more north than the Isle of Rhodes and on the Mediterranean Sea Fife Fifa a County in Scotland between the Fyrth of Tay to the North that of Edinburg to the South the German Ocean to the East and Strathern and Menteith to the West It is one of the greatest in Scotland as being eighty four Scotch Miles in circuit also one of the most fruitful and best inhabited parts of that Kingdom full of considerable Towns and Places the principal of which is S. Andrews the Metropolitan See of that Kingdom Figalo Actium a most celebrated Promontory of Epirus See Actium Figeac Figeacum a small City of France in Quercy a Southern Province of that Kingdom upon the River Sele nine Leagues from Caors to the East twenty eight from Tholouse to the North-East Figenia Ephesus a City of Ionia Filadelphia Philadelphia a City of Lydia in the Lesâ—er Asia at the foot of Mount Tmoli upon the River Caystrus now Chiai thirty two German Miles East of Smyrna It is called by the Turks Allachars or Alla-Scheyr that is the City of God of old an Episcopal See under Sardus but now the Metropolis and in a tolerable Estate under the Turks being built amongst the Hills and Mountains it has in all times been much subject to the violence of Earthquakes This is one of the seven Churches of Asia mentioned in the Revelations Long. 57. 41. Lat. 40. 15. There is here now about two hundred Houses of Christians and four Churches It preserved it self against the Turks after all the rest of Asia was conquered under Orchanes and the two Morats till the time of Bajazet I. who began his Reign in 1387 reigned nine years and then was taken by Tamerlane And as they held out longer so they submitted on better terms God having preserved them as he promised he would even from the perfidy and rage of those destroyers See Revel 3. 8 10. Wheeler's Travels p. 265. Fillech Fillechum a City of the Upper Hungary five German Miles from Agria to the North and the same from Cassovia to the West It stands on the Road which leads from Presburg to the Cities in the Mountains upon the River Gayen which falls into the Danube over against Gran in the County of Zabel There was here a Castle and the Town being a Frontier was walled and very strong taken by the Turks in 1560 retaken by the Imperialists in 1593. Again taken by the Bassa of Great Waradin in 1682. And because he and the Tekelites could not agree about it he dismantled and deserted it Filippo Philippi a City of Macedonia on the Confines of Thrace seated on a steep Hill about five German Miles from the Archipelago to the West on the Golfo de Contessa either built or repaired by Philip King of Macedonia from whom it has its Name It was afterwards a Roman Colony and mentioned as such in the Acts of the Apostles S. Paul preached the Christian Faith here and wrote one of his Epistles to this Church also famous for a Battel fought near it between Pompey and Cesar and another between Augustus and Cassius In the Primitive times it was an Archbishops See but almost buried in its own Ruines now and desolate See Acts 16. 12. Filippopoli Philippopolis called by the Turks Filibe and Presrem is a City and an Archbishops See in Thrace upon the River Hebrus now Meriza an hundred Miles from Constantinople ninety from Philippi to the West Here was an Arrian Synod held in 349. And here Julian the Apostate was when he received the news of the Death of Constantius and thereupon discovered his concealed Apostacy Frederick Barbarossa I in 1189 took this and Adrianople from the Turks which was retaken from the Christians by Amurath in 1359. This City was built by Philip the Roman Emperor and is now in a flourishing condition the Seat and Residence of a Turkish Sangiack or Governor under the Pacha of Romania Final or Finale Finalium a strong Town well fortified with a Marquisate belonging to it upon the Coasts of the Sea of Genoua in Italy betwixt Savona and Albengua The Marquisate is not above six miles in length and is bounded at each end with the points of the Mountains They both belong to the King of Spain who surprized them in 1602 and caused the last person of the House of Carreto that for a long time before had been the
entered upon the See by the Regal Authority against the Consent of the Metropolitan and the Bishops of the Province which Decree drew upon the Authors of it a fevere Prâ—secution from the Crown Saintonge or Xaintonge Santonia a great and fruitful Province of France bounded on the North by Poictou on the East by Angoumois on the South by the Garonne which separates it from Guienne and on the West by the Bay of Aquitain This was the Seat of the Santones an ancient Nation of the Galls its Capital is Saintes the other Cities of Note are Brouges S. Jean de Angely and Taillebourg The Rivers Garonne Charante Seudre c. water it They make great quantities of Salt in this Province The Romans had their Colonies in it who often deride the short Cloaks or Gowns worn by the ancient Gauls here as Martial Gallia Santonico vestit te Bardocucullo Cercopithecorum penula nuper erat The same habit towards the Sea Coasts is in use with the common People to this day This Province fell to the Crown of England together with Gascoigne Guienne c. by the Marriage of Eleanor of Guienne with K. Henry II. of England Sala the same with Saal Salado Salsum a River of Spain in Anddlusia called Guadajox which between Sivil and Corduba falls into the Guadalquivir Salamanca Salmantica a City in Spain called Vrbs Vettonum by Ptolemy and perhaps the same with Polybius his Elmantica it stands in the Kingdom of Leon upon the River Tormes a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella and an University founded by Alfonsus IX King of Leon in the year 1200 which is one of the most considerable in that Kingdom adorned with noble Schools and a large Library About ten Leagues from Zamora to the South fourteen from the Borders of Portugal to the East and two and twenty from Valladolid to the South-West upon several Hills in a very unequal Situation of a small circuit ill built worse repaired most of the Houses being falling down and besides its Churches Monasteries and Colleges has nothing that deserves Regard Long. 14. 45. Lat. 41. 15. Salamis Salamine an ancient Archiepiscopal City in the Island of Cyprus which boasted of the honour of having its Church founded by the Apostle S. Barnabas whose Body was discovered to lye here in 485. It afterwards took the name of il Porto Costanzo or Constantia The Philosopher Anaxarchus suffered in this City the pounding to death in a mortar by the order of Nicocreon King of Cyprus with a singular constancy It is now utterly ruined Salamis an Island See Coluri Saâ—andra Salandrilla or Aâ—alandra a River in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples passing by Risetto and thence called also Piume di Rosetto to the gulph of Taranto Salawar Zalawar or Zalad a County in the Lower Hungary upon the Borders of Stiria with the Drave to the South and the County of Vesprin to the North. Kanisa stands in this County upon the River Sala But the Capital Town of it bears the same name of Salawar Sale Sala a City ascribed in ancient time by Ptolemy to Mauritania Tingitana seated at the Mouth of a River of the same Name on the Shoars of the Kingdom of Fez on the Atlantick Ocean A place of great Trade and has a noble Habor but it is an infamous Nest of Piratâ— It was heretofore a Common-Wealth now under the King of Fez who is Master of the Castle It stands one hundred Miles from Fez to the West and Tangier to the South Almanesor one of the Moorish Kings much beautified it and was after buried in it The Spaniards took it in 1287 who lost it in ten days again in 1632. King Charles I. sent a Fleet against this City which blocked it up by Sea whilst the King of Morocco besieged it by Land and by this means brought it under the Works being levelled and those Rogues Executed for which King Charles had three hundred Christian Captives sent him as a Recompence a Reward worthy of that Holy King Long. 6. 40. Lat. 33. 50. Sale the same with Saal Sale Sala a River in Quercy a Province of France Sale Sala a Province of the Kingdom of Bosnia Salefica Saleucia a City in Cilicia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch It stands seventy Miles from Tarsus to the West and twelve from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the North called by Niger Seleschia Long. 64. Lat. 38. 40. Salentini the ancient Inhabitants of Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples in the Roman times Salerno Salernum Salerna a City in the Kingdom of Naples which was a Roman City and Colony called by Strabo and Livy Vrbs Picentinorum Now an Archbishops See a Principality and the Capital of the Hither Principato It stands upon the River Busanola upon the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea upon which it has a Bay called by its own Name and a safe and large Haven twenty four Miles from Naples to the South-East and thirty from Benevento to the South Long. 38. 44. Lat. 40. 33. This Archbishoprick was founded by Pope Boniface VII in 974. The Body of S. Matthew the Apostle is said to be in this Place Pope Gregory VII died here in 1085. It has a Castle and many Antiquities which are the Remainders of the Roman Works When Naples had distinct Kings the Title of this place belonged to the eldest Son of that Kingdom In the years 1615. and 1579. there were two small Councils held at it Salettes a Carthusian Nunnery of great note and quality upon the frontiers of Dauphine in France toward la Bresse Salfeâ—â—d an Abbey in Thuringia in Germany Salii an ancient People of Provence in France who as we find in Strabo Mela c. extended themselves from about Aix as far as to Nice § There was another Nation of the Salii in the Tract now called Sallant from them in Overyssel in the Low Countries Saline Didyme one of the Liparee Islands belonging to Sicily twelve Miles in circuit and fruitful in Allum Near this place the Dutch received a great Defeat from the French at Sea in 1676. Baudrand The Italians call it Didimo Salino Suinus a River in the Kingdom of Naples which springeth out of the Apâ—â—hine and â—inning through the Further Abruzzo watering Pennâ— a City of that Province and Pescara falls into the Gulph of Venice Salingstede Salinâ—stadium a Town in Franconia upon the Maine four Miles above Franck fort to the East By Charles the Great made a Bishap's See but in 780 this Chair was removed to Hailbâ—une It was then a very great City since become subject to the Bishop of Mentz Salins Salinae a strong City in the Franche Comté upon the River Forica eight Loagues from Dole to the East and fifty eight from Geneva to the North. It is seated in a fruitful Valley betwixt two Mountains called Scoding which has been the reason why this City in the Latin
Pius II. It was a flourishing University in 1386. but when founded is not known to me Several Popes Alexander III. Pius II. Pius III. Alexander VII and great Men have been Natives of this place its greatest glory is S. Catherine of Siena a Dominican who persuaded Pope Gregory IX to leave Avignon She died in 1380. Canonized by Pope Pius II. in 1461. Sierra-Liona a chain of Mountains upon the Frontiers of Nigritia and Guinee in Africa therefore placed sometimes in the one and sometimes in the other by Writers It gives name to the River Sierra-Liona and to a large African Kingdom whither the English French Dutch and Porteguese traffick for Ivory Ambergrease Pepper Crystal Coral pieces of Gold c. The English for the security of their Commerce built themselves a Fort upon the River Sierra-Liona which in 1664 was lost to the Dutch In 1607 the King of this Country with his Family and others received Christian Baptism of Father Barreira a Portuguese Jesuit of the Mission The Portuguese called him Dom Philippe de Lion in allusion to the name of his Kingdom The present King is also a Christian tho the greatest part of the People Heathens His Kingdom extends from Cape Verga to Cape Tagrin and hath its name from the noise of the Sea against the Rocks and the thunder from the Mountains of it resembling the roaring of a Lion Sierras-Nevadas a Chain of Mountains in Castile d'Or in South America extended the space of forty Leagues and accounted two in height being tho near the Line in the hottest seasons always covered on the top with Snow as it is intimated in its Name Siga a City of Mauritania Caesariensis in Africa with a Port upon the Mediterranean in the Kingdom of Algiers It is an ancient City and in Christian times has been a Bishop's See Now called Humain A River of its own name Siga falls into the Mediterranean here Sigan a City of the Province of Xensi in China which is the Capital over thirty five other Cities Sige and Sigeium Promontorium an ancient Episcopal City of Troas in Asia minor ruined For the Promontory see Janizzari Sigeth Salinae Metuharis a strong Town the Head of a County of the same Name in the lower Hungary seated in a Marsh made by the River Alme two Hungarian Miles from the Drave seven from Alba Regalis to the South and five from Quinque Ecclesiae to the West It has a very strong Castle fortified with three Ditches and as many Walls which added to the situation of it make it very considerable Solyman the Magnificent ended his Life at Quinque Ecclesiae during the Siege of this place which was yielded to the Turks September 7. 1566 after a Defence that wanted nothing but Success to have rendered it the most celebrated that has happened Nicolas Esdrin Count of Serini Governour of it being slain in the last Sally which he made at the head of his remaining Forces It is now in the Emperor's hands by re-conquest surrendred January 15 1688. The Imperialists found therein eighty five pieces of Cannon § There is another Town of the same Name in the Vpper Hungary near the Fountains of the Tibiscus in the Principality of Transylvania Sign a Venetian Garrison in Dalmatia besieged by the Turks twenty four days in 1687 and relieved by the Forces of the Republick under General Cornaro Silaro Silarus a River in the Kingdom of Naples in former times the Boundary of Lucania and now often called il Selo and il Silaro It ariseth in the Hither Principate from the Apennine and falls into the Bay of Salerno eighteen Miles from that City to the East Il Sile Silis a River in the States of Venice which watereth the City of Treviso and then falls into the Adriatick Sea Silesia a great Province in the Kingdom of Bohemia called by the Inhabitants Slisko by the Poles Slusko by the Germans Schlesien Bounded on the East by Poland on the North by the Marquisate of Brandenburgh on the West with Lusatia and Bohemia properly so called on the South with Moravia and the Vpper Hungary It was for eight hundred and sixty years a part of Poland and revolted from that Crown under Vladislaus Loch King of Poland in 1327. In the fifteenth Century this Country generally imbraced the Doctrines of John Hus which were tolerated by Rhodolphus II. in 1609. It had at first several Princes of Royal and Sovereign Jurisdictions in their several Principalities which together with the Piastean Family ended in the Person of George William in 1675 whereupon that Country returned entirely to the Emperor as King of Bohemia having been above three hundred years ago united to the Kingdom of Bohemia The Principal Cities and Towns in this Province are Brieg Crossen Glogaw Grotkaw Jawer Lignitz Monsterberg Olss Troppaw Oppelen Ratibor Sagan Schweidnitz Volaw and Breslaw which is the Capital City of this Country It is divided into the Vpper and Lower Silesia The Isles of Silly Silurum Insulae Casiterides a knot of Islands in the Vergivian Ocean to the West of the Land's end of Cornwal an hundred and twenty Miles South of the Coast in Ireland sixty from the Land's end and an hundred and forty from Cape S. Mahe in Britagne The French call them the Sorlingues They are and ever have been under the Crown of England in all above an hundred and forty five all clad with Grass or green Moss The greatest of them is S. Mary which has a Town and Harbor of the same Name Where Queen Elizabeth in 1593 built a Castle to defend it from the Spaniards and fixed a Garrison in it King Athelstane was the first of the Saxon Kings that conquered them See Cambden Simmeren a Town and County in the Palatinate of the Rhine in Germany The Town hath a Castle belonging to it Simois a small River of Troas in Phrygia in the Lesser Asia It arileth out of Mount Ida and joining with the Scamander falls into the Archipelago together with it near Cape Janizari at the entrance into the Streights of Gallipoli Sin Sina a City in the Kingdom of China in the Province of Choquang seated at the foot of a Mountain § Also a Desart betwixt the Mountains Elim and Sinai in Arabia whither the Israelites in their March came the fifteenth day after their departure from Egypt and murmuring for hunger were relieved by an extraordinary Rain of Quails and Manna Exod. 16. 4. 13. Sinai a part of the Mountain Horeb upon the Coast of the Red Sea in the Stony Arabia separated by a large Valley from the Mountain of S. Catherine It hath at some distance from its foot a Spring of good Water and upon the top two Grotto's in Rocks at this day said to be the place where Moses received the Tables of the Law and where he passed his forty days fast It is now wholly covered with a Multitude of Chappels Convents Cells and Gardens possessed by some Latin amongst a crowd of
of Oesel in the Baltick Sea Sonnemberg a Town in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh in Germany near Poland to the East Sor or Soro a River in the Kingdom of Portugal which divides Alentejo from Extremadura and falls into the Taio at Salvaterra nine Miles above Lisbone Sora a City of Latium upon the River Garigliano now a Bishops See in the Kingdom of Naples in the Terra di Lavoro which is under no Archbishop It has a splendid Castle honoured with the Title of a Dukedom belonging to the Family di Boncompagno and slands fifty five Miles from Rome to the East and ten from the Lake di Celano Fucinus to the South § This is also the name of a City in the Island of Scelandt in the Baltick Sea belonging to Denmark which has an University in it founded by Frederick II. and re-established by Christian IV. Kings of Denmark Soracte a Mountain in the Dukedom of Tuscany in Italy consecrated to Apollo in the Heathen Ages there It is now called Monte di S. Silvestre Soratoff Soratovia a City in the Kingdom of Astracan upon the Wolga in the middle between Casan to the North and Astracan to the South Lat. 52. 12. in a great Plain The Inhabitants are all Muscovites See Olearius Pag. 162. Soraw Sorava a small City in Lusatia the Capital of the Lower part of that Province and under the Elector of Saxony It stands in the Borders of Silesia two German Miles from Sagan to the West and five from Crossen to the South often taken and retaken in the Swedish War Sorge Sorgue Orge Sorge Sulga Sulgas a River of Gallia Narbonensis which ariseth in the County of Vendosmois in Provence and falls into the Rhosne above Avignon but very near it at a Town called Pont-Sorge Soria Syria Soria Numantia Nova Soria a City of New Castile not above one League beneath the Ruins of the ancient and celebrated Numantia seated in the Mountains well peopled and having belonging to it a very large Jurisdiction It stands twelve Leagues from Baubula to the South-West and eight from Tarazona to the North-West Soritae an ancient people mentioned by Pliny as neighbouring upon India and living altogether upon Fish Sorlings See Silly-Islands Sorrento Sorriento Surrentum Surentum a City in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Achbishops See in the Terra di Lavoro on the Bay of the Hither Principato twenty four Miles from Naples to the South It is seated in a fruitful Plain and though very ancient being mentioned by Pliny and Livy yet in a good Estate Long. 38. 20. Lat. 40 33. Sosteropolis Soteropolis a ruined small City which stood near Nicomedia in Bithynia in Asia Minor where according to Zoneras died Constantine the Great of Poyson Soubiac or Sublac a small Town in Campagna di Roma in the Dominions of the Pope It stands upon the River Teverone and is noted for an Abbey of the Order of S. Benedict who did himself choose a Retreat here Souilly or Seulley a Town in the Dukedom de Bar in Lorain Soul Sous a Kingdom in the East part of Biledulgerid in Africa under the King of Marocco Soule a Territory in the Pais des Basques in France Honoured with the Title of a Viscounty The chief Town in it is Mauleon de Soule Soumel a Town in the Kingdom of Bengale in the Empire of the Great Mogul towards the Ganges The Sound See Sund. Sour See Tyre Soure Sura a River in the Dukedom of Luxemburg called by the Germans Saur by the French Soure It ariseth near Bastoigne eight Leagues from Luxemburg and being increased with some smaller Rivers watereth Dietkirch beneath which it receivs the Vr from Viande to the North then passeth to Echternach and Wasser-bilch where it falls into the Moselle two Leagues above Trier to the South Souri a Province of Turcomania in the Lesser Asia Sourie the same with Zurich Souriquois a Tribe of the unconquered Salvages of New France in North America Souristan the same with Syria Sousos a people of Nigritia in Africa Souster Susa the Capital of Chusistan in the Kingdom of Persia one hundred and eighty Miles from Bagdad to the East now in a flourishing State Southampton Clausentum Antonia Magnus Portus Trisantonum Portus a small City in the County of Hamshire seated on the West side of the River Anton or Hampton which comes from Winchester and here falls into the great Bay of South-hampton ten Miles from Winchester to the South This was a Roman Fort called Clausentum and ruined by the Danes in 980. Also plundered and burnt by the French under Edward III. and rebuilt in the Reign of Richard It is a strong rich populous well traded City fenced with a double Ditch strong Walls and many Turrets for the Defence of the Haven it has a strong Castle built by Richard II. The Haven is capable of Ships of good Burthen up to the Key and lies opposite to Jernsey Garnsey and Normandy There are now five Parish Churches in this City Henry VI. granted it a Mayor and made it a County in 1067. Beauvois of Southampton that celebrated Warriour was its first Secular Earl in 1538. The Bishops of Winchester being before reputed to be Earls of Southampton and so styled in the Statutes of the Garter made by Henry VIII Willam Fitz William Lord Admiral in 1547. Thomas Wriothsley Lord Chancellour was created the third Earl by Edward VI. to whom succeeded three of his Posterity The last died in 1667. In 1675. Charles II. created Charles Fits Roy eldest Son to the Duchess of Cleaveland Baron of Newbery Earl of Chicester and Duke of Southampton Southwark a large Borough in the County of Surrey and the Hundred of Brixton opposite to London on the other side of the Thames and under the Jurisdiction of the Lord Mayor of London yet enjoying several ancient Privileges peculiarly to it self and represented in the Lower House of Parliament by its own Burgesses In the number of Inhabitants and Buildings it exceeds most Cities notwithstanding its Losses by many great Fires S. Thomas's Hospital founded by the Citizens of London stands here Southwell a Market Town in Nottinghamshire in the Hundred of Thurgarton of good Antiquity upon a Rivulet falling not far off into the Tren◠Adorned with a Collegiate Church Southwould Sowold or Swold a small Corporation and Sea-Port Town in the County of Suffolk famous for the many Rendezvouzes of the English Fleets when ever we have had any Wars with the Hollanders especially for two great Naval Victories obtained against them in the Bay of this Town the first June 3 1663. the second May 28. 1672. Both under the Conduct of King James II. as Lord Admiral of England under his Brother Charles II. of Blessed and Pious Memory It is a strong and pleasant Town in the Hundred of Blithing upon a Cliff with the Sea to the East the River Blithe over which there is a Draw-Bridge to the West and a Bay of its own name to the
two and twenty Miles from Clermont to the West and fourteen from Limoges to the South Long. 22. 59. Lat. 45. 20. The Bishops are Lords and Viscounts of the City Tulujas Tulugiae a Castle in the County of Rousillon in Catalonia one League from Perpignan at which in 1050. the Council called Concilium Tulugiense was celebrated Tun a River in the County of Kent falling into the Medway Tunbridge stands upon it Tunbridge a Market Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath upon the River Tun. Much noted for its Mineral Wells Tunchang a City in the Province of Xanton in the Kingdom of China upon the River Inn in the Borders of Pechin Tunis Tunes Tunetum a City and Sea-Port on the Coast of Barbary upon the Mediterranean Sea now called by the Natives Tune by the Spaniards Tunez by the Italians Tunisi It is great strong and populous about five Miles in compass containing three hundred Mosques besides the grand one which is a Noble Structure twelve Christian Chappels eight Synagogues of the Jews twenty four Cells for Hermites one hundred and fifty Hott-Houses eighty six Schools nine Colleges maintained upon the Publick Expence sixty four Hospitals and about ten thousand Families The Venetians Genouese and others drive a great Trade with it It has two Walls a Palace Royal a Magazine of Merchandises a spacious Haven and Prisons for Christian Slaves too well known Seated in a Plain by the Lake Barbasueco nine Leagues from the Ruines of Carthage and from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea eighteen from Goletta at the bottom of a Bay to the West of the most Western Cape of Sicily Not far from this place Regulus the Roman Consul was defeated and taken by the Carthaginians In the Times of Christianity it was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Carthage In the year 1270 unsuccessfully besieged by Lewis IX King of France In the year 1535. taken by Charles V. In 1570. it returned under its former Kings who being since extinct it is governed like a Common-wealth under the Protection of the Turk but very infamous for Pyracies Long. 34. 53. Lat. 32. 10. The Country about it yields Olives Fruits Grain and Pasturage very well The Kingdom of Tunquin or Tonquin Tunchinum is bounded on the East and North by that of China on the South by Cochinchina and by the great Bay on the West by the Kingdom of Brama The Capital City of it is Kecio The King of this City is also Master of a part of the Province of Quansio He formerly paid Tribute to the Emperour of China Now Homage only by an Ambassadour by an Establishment in 1667. Of late years the Christian Religion has been preached with good success as is said by the Missionaries of the Church of Rome A Kingdom of great power and nigh as large as France situated in 20 deg of Lat. and 145. Long. Mostly under the Torrid Zone yet very fruitful and healthful and watered with above fifty Rivers Cochin China was formerly a Province of it now a Kingdom tributary to it It is said to contain about twenty thousand Towns and Cities The Sect of the Chinese Philosopher Confusius obtains much amongst the Tonquinese It became a separate Kingdom about seven hundred years ago Before which it depended as a Province upon the Empire of China Turcomania Armenia Major a vast Country in the Lesser Asia of old called Armenia It lies between Georgia to the North the rest of the Lesser Asia to the West Persia to the East and Diarbeck to the South This was the first Country the Turks possessed after they came out of Tartary being most probably descended from the Scythians that lay betwixt the Euxine and Caspian Seas under Tangrolipix about the year of Christ 1037. But the present Line was begun by Osman or Ottoman about the year 1290 who was a Husbandman or common Labourer and by his Valour raised this Family Bursa in Bithynia was the first Seat of their Empire afterwards Adrianople and then Constantinople Solyman the present Emperour of the Turks is the one and twentieth of this Line set up by the Army against Mahomet IV. his Brother out of a Discontent at his Misfortunes in the present War against the Christians November 9. 1687. Turenne Turena a Town in Limosin two Leagues from Courez and four from Tulles Turin Turino Augusta Taurinorum Tauriana Taurinum the Capital City of Piedmont in Lombardy called by the Italians Torino by the French Turin It is an Archbishops See and the Seat of the Duke of Savoy in a very fruitful and pleasant well watered Plain twenty Miles from the Alpes upon the River Po where it receives the Doria Adorned with a strong and beautiful Castle built by Emanuel Philbert Duke of Savoy in 1565. It has also an University opened here by Pope Benedict XIII in 1405. and the Courts of Justice for that Province are held in it The City is very strong and grows greater and more splendid yet in the year 1640. it was taken by the French Long. 29. 30. Lat. 43 50. The dispute betwixt the Bishops of Vienne and Arles for the Primacy was heard but not definitively decided by an ancient Council held here in 397. or 401. The Empire of the Turks containeth from East to West accounting from the Western Borders of the Kingdom of Algiers to the City Balsara upon the Persian Gulph the space of at least eight hundred Leagues From North to South that is from Caffa in the Taurica Chersonesus or rather from the City Tanais near the Lake of Moeotis to Aden on the Mouth of the Red Sea and the Streights of Babelmandel 7 hundred other Leagues which together make an Empire of the greatest Extent of any Seignior or Sovereign in these parts of the World and therefore the Emperor thereof bears the Title of the Grand Seignior He hath in Asia Natolia Syria Turcomannia Diarbech and the three Arabia's In Africa he hath the Kingdoms of Barca and Egypt and the States of Algiers Tunis and Tripoli are under his Protection In Europe his Dominion extends over Romelia Macedonia Albania Thrace most of the Islands of the Archipelago Sclavonia Servia Croatia Bulgaria and part of Hungary except what this present War hath dismembred from them when the Princes of Transylvania Moldavia and Walachia paid him also Tribute as the Republick of Ragusa also did and even the Crim Tartars recognize his Protection In the whole before the present War there were twenty five Governments in this Empire To wit Cairo in Egypt for Africa Aleppo Caramit Natolia Cogni Chars Damascus Van Mosul Suvas Bagdet Erzerum Trebizonde Tripoli c. in Asia In Europe Caffa Candia Cyprus Romelia Bosnia Temeswaer and Buda The beginning of this Empire was laid in the Greater Armenia about the year 1037. In 1290. the Ottoman Line took its rise See Turcomania whose Power over the Subject is come to be completely Absolute Arbitrary Despotical Tyrannical They pray by the Alcoran and
54. 20. Lat. 44. 15. Il Varo the same with Var. Vasento Casuentum a River of Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples which flowing by Cosâ—nza falls into the Grati. In the Bed of this River Alaricus King of the Goths was buried as Jornandes faith who was one of those Batâ—arous Princes that sacked Rome Vasiligâ—red a City in the Dukedom of the little Novogorod in Moscovy upon the River Wolgâ— where it receives the Sure Vasilipâ—tamo â—uroâ—us a River of the Morâ—a Vasserburgh a Town in â—avaria where the Duke keeps his principal Treasures It stands upon the River Inn which almost incompasseth it seven Miles from Munchen to the East Vatzen or Veiâ—zen Vaâ—â—iâ— a City in the lower Hungary upon the Danube and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gran. Vauâ—luse quasi Vallis Clausa a Fountain in the Valleys of the County of Avignon in Provence at the foot of a Mountain famous for the frequent resort of the Learned Poet Petrarch thither about the year 1300 who honoreth it with the Title of the Queen of Founiains Some old remaining ruins upon the place are commonly to this day called Petrarch's house This Fountain forms the River Sourges Sulga very near its head assisted by the influx of a number of other little sources from the same Mountain Vaud See Waad Vaudrevange Valdersinga a Town in Lorain upon the River Saar ten Miles from Mets to the East and from Thionville which suffered much in the late German War but since rebuilt About a Mile from this place was built a very strong Fort called Saar Lovis Vauge Vogesus Vosagus a celebrated Mountain in France which extends from North to South between Lorain Alsatia and the Franche Comte in which it is called Mont des Faucilles out of it arise the Moselle and the Saone or Sosne There is a small Territory near it which by the French is called le Pais de Vauge and by the Germans Wasgow a part of the Dukedom of Lorain Vauge See Wasgow Le Vault Romana Ditio a District belonging to the Canton of Bearn in Switzerland betwixt the Lake of Lemane and the Mountain Jura Lausanne is its Capital City Formerly under the Duke of Savoy The French call it Vaux and Pais de Vaux La Vaur See Lavaur Vaux a small Territory near Orleans Vbeda a great populous City in the Eastern Part of Andalusia in Spain towards the Borders of New Castile one League from the River Guadalquivir to the North and six from Jaen or Gaën to the South-East This City was recovered from the Moors September 29. 1234 by Ferdinando King of Castile and besides a strong Castle has a very advantageous Stiuation Long. 17. 30. Lat. 38. 30. Vberlinghen Vberlinga a small but Imperial and Free City in the Circle of Schwaben upon the Lake of Constance towards the North two Miles from Constance Made an Imperial City in 1267 often taken and retaken in the Swedish War Vbii an ancient People who dwelt about the now Archbishoprick of Cologne and Dutchy of Juliers in the Circle of Westphalia in Germany the memory of their name being still preserved in a place there called Vbich Vchter-See Lacus Moratensis a Lake of Switzerland called also Murtensee by the Germans The River Broye flows through it and falls into the Lake called Newenburghsee Vdenheim the same with Philipsbourg Vdiaa the Capital City of the Kingdom of Siam in the East-Indies Vdine Vtinum a City in Friuli called by the Germans Weyden The Capital of that Province and the Seat of the Patriarch of Aquileja since the declension of that last City into ruin of old a Bishops See Brought under the subjection of the States of Venice in 1420 and built on the River Torre twenty Miles from the Adriatick Sea to the North eleven from Palma twenty from Goritia to the West and eight from Friuli Long. 35. 28. Lat 45. 46. Vecht Vidrus Vider a River of Westphalia in Germany mentioned by Tacitus and Ptolemy it ariseth five German Miles from Munster to the South-West and being augmented by the Aa the Dinchel and the Regge falls into the Zuyder Zee in Over-Ysselâ—â— eight Miles from Zwol to the North where it is called Swarte Water Veglia Vegia a Venetian Island upon the Coast of Dalmatia in the Adriatick The Sclavonians call it Kirk Veii and Vejentes an ancient People and City of Etruria near Rome Famous in the time of Romulus who himself made War with them But much more by the Victory they obtained over the three hundred and twelve Fabii being the whole Family except one Youth not of age to bear Arms who was left at home at the River Cremera in Thuscany by an Ambuscade in the year of Rome 177. Of which Ovid Vna Dies Fabios ad bellum miserat omnes Ad bellum missos perdidit una Dies See Cremera The Dictator M. Furius Camillus took and totally destroyed this City in the year of Rome 318. But it first endured a ten years Siege The tenths of its spoils were dedicated to Apollo Pythius by the Conquerors who had taken Oathes from the Soldiers never to rise from before the place untaken Velay Velauni a County in the Sevennes in Languedoc in France betwixt Auvergne Vivaretz Givaudan and Foretz The Capital City of it is Puy It was anciently the Country of the Velauni Separated into two parts by the Mountains Mezeres Pertuis and Meigal which are covered with Woods therefore called Velay beyond the Woods and Velay on this side of them Veletri or Veltri Veletrae a most ancient City and Colony in Campania di Roma taken by Ancus Martius King of the Romans Now a Bishops See but united to that of Ostia and under the Pope It is a pleasant spruce City twenty Miles from Rome to the East Veleuve a County in the Province of Guelderland in the Vnited Netherlands Harderwick is a principal City in it Venafro Venafrum a City in the Province di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples of great Antiquity a Principality and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capua Twenty two Miles from Capua to the North. Long. 37. 58. Lat. 41. 35. Venaissin or Venaisse Vindasanus Vindaucensis Venascinuâ— Comitatus a County in Provence in France between the Dauphiné to the North the Durance to the South the Rhosne to the West and Provence to the East In 1348 given by Jona Qu. of Naples and Countess of Provence to Clement VI. Pope of Rome and still together with Avignon subject to the Pope The now Capital of it is Carpentras Vaison and Cavailon in it are considerable Towns Avignon is not in this County as is believed tho it stands near it Vence or Vanze Vensiensis Vrbs Vincium Vintium Ventium Vidantiorum and Vinciensium Vrbs a City of Provence which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ambrun for some time united formerly with the See of la Grace but again separated Two Leagues from Antibes to the North and from the
to it Zerbi Zetta a small Island on the Coast of Barbary near the Shoars of the Kingdom of Tripoli Zerynthus a City and famous Cave in the Island of Samothracia in the Archipelago in the ancient times Lycophron calls the latter Antrum Canis And Ovid expresses the whole Island by the City saying Inde levi vento Zerynthia littora nacta c. Zeugitana a Country of the ancient Africa upon the Coast of the Mediterranean near Numidia included now in the Kingdom of Algiers Zeugma an ancient City of Syria which became in Christian times a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Hierapolis Alexander M. built a famous Bridge over the Euphrates here § Another in the ancient Dacia Zibit Saba Zibitum a City in the Happy Arabia the Capital of a Kingdom and a great City seated near the Gulph of Arabia one hundred and eighty Miles from Aden to the West and two hundred from the Mouth of the Gulph to the same The Turks not long since took it But the King of it has since recovered it out of their Hands There is a River in this Kingdom of the same name Long. 76.00 Lat. 16.56 Zidem Ziden Acila Ocelis a Port Town upon the Red Sea the nearest to Mecca It stands on the North side of the River Eda or Chaibar twenty German Miles from Mecca to the South-West A place of great Antiquity and anciently had a very good Trade being the usual Port as Pliny saith from whence the Ships went which sailed into the East-Indies Ziegenhaim Zigenhaemum a small City in the Lower Hassia under the Landtgrave of Hess-Cassel seven Miles from Cassel to the South four from Frislar and six from Fuld The Capital of a County Zimbao a Town and Fortress in Monotapia Zina Pamphylia a Province of the Lesser Asia Zinara a deserted Island in the Archipelago betwixt Amorgo and Levita with Charuffa to the West of it yet showing the ruines of Habitations Zinganes Indian Pyrates in the Empire of the Great Mogul The Zinhagiens See Bereberes Zirfia the Turkish Name of Servia Ziriczee a considerable Town in the Island of Schowen belonging to the State of Zeeland in the United Netherlands Built by the Flemings in 1304. The Spaniards possessed themselves of it in 1575. But were soon expelled again Zirifdin or Amansifirdin a City of the Happy Arabia understood to be the Acarman or Carman by some the Omana of the ancients Zitrachan Albania a Province of Asia Zittaw Zitavia a City of Germany in the Vpper Lusatia upon the River Neiss in the Borders of Bohemia under the Elector of Saxony four Miles above Gorlitz to the South Built or Fortified by Wenceslaus King of Bohemia in 1â—55 Ziz a Chain of Mountains in the Province of Cuzt in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa to the South Rich in Mines but inhabited by such as make little profit of them Znaim or Znoymo Znoimum a City of Moravia upon the River Teye in the Borders of Austria seven German Miles from Brune to the South and ten from Vienna to the South-West Taken by the Swedes in 1645 and frequently by others in the German Wars Zoaro Pisidon a Town in Barbary upon the Coast of Tripoli with a convenient Port. Taken in 1552. by the Knights of Malta by surprize Zocoroph the Gulph of Arabia Zocotora or Socotora and Socotarg Diosorias Dioscoridis Insula Ogyris a Town and Island upon the Coast of Zanguebar in Africa Mountainous hot dry and barren its principal product is Dates Aloes and Frankincense The People appear to be originally Arabians by their Customs Habits and Language The only City in it is of the same name with the Island Zoest the same with Soest Zofala the same with Sofala Zofingen a great Town or City in Argow in Switzerland under the Canton of Bearn subject anciently to the Counts of Spitzbergh who had a Cittadel near it their Arms being still born by this City But in 1285. it accepted of the protection of the Emperor Rodolph I. and in 1295 was by Siege reduced entirely under the obedience of Albert his Son In 1396. a Fire totally consumed it Again being rebuilt it obtained divers privileges of the Princes of the House of Austria In 1412. it fell together with all the Country of Argow as now under the Canton of Bearn And 1528. embraced the Reformation Zolnoch Zolnochium a City of the Vpper Hungary which is the Capital of a County of the same Name upon the Tibiscus Forty German Miles from Waradin to the West and sixty from Buda to the East Taken by the Turks in 1552. and retaken by the Imperialists in October 1685. Zorandra the place in the Mountain Taurus upon the Confines of Armenia and Mesopotamia in Asia at which the Ancients supposed the River Tigris to bury it self under ground for some Leagues and afterwards to rise again But we have no such Modern account of the course of that River Zorlich Tzurulum a City of Thrace which is a Bishops See between Constantinople and Hadrianople Zoser an ancient City and Promontory of Attica in Greece betwixt the Piraeus of Athens and the Island Zea. Much adicted to the VVorship of the Goddesses Latona and Diana in Pagan times Zubal Zubu or Zebu one of the Philippine Islands to which the Spaniards gave the name of los Pintados because the Natives had at the time of the discovery of it their Faces painted with divers colours Zuenziga a small Kingdom in Africa in Zaara on the East of the Kingdom of Zanhaga and South of that of Morocco with a City and Desert of its name Zues the same with Sues Zug Tougium Tugium a City and Canton in Switzerland it consists all of Roman Catholicks and is very small Bounded on the North by Zurich on the East and South by Schwitz and on the West by Lucerne The City stands one Mile from the Lake of Lucerne to the East and eighteen from Zurich to the South A free Imperial City till the year 1352. when it entred the League with the other Cantons Zurich Tigurum the Capital City of a Canton of the same Name in Switzerland very great and populous Divided into two parts by the River Limat when it leaves the Lake of Zurich It stands between Schafhouse to the North and Lucerne to the South twenty five Miles from each eleven from the Rhine and forty five from Soleurre Made a Free Imperial City by Frederick II. in 1218. and Leagued with the Cantons 1351. So Ancient as to be mentioned by Caesar in his Commentaries who subjected it to the Romans In the year of Christ 300. it was burnt by the Germans and rebuilt by Dioclefian In the year 883. Charles the Gross Walled it It embraced the Reformation in 1521. Long. 30. 20. Lat. 46 58 § The Canton of Zurich is the first of the thirteen in order Bounded by Bearne and Lucerne to the West Schafhouse to the North Zug and Schwitz on the South and Appenzel to the East it consists of none
of Boeotia Attica Doris Phocis c. being bounded on the East by the Aegean Sea or Archipelago on the South by the Gulfs of Saronique and Corinth with the Isthmus on the West by Epirus and on the North by Thessaly Remarkable for the great Confederacy made by the Cities hereof against the Romans § Or else it denotes a little Region in the Peloponnesus called Achaia propria between Sicyon and Elis. § It was also the Name of a City in Crete and of another in Rhodes and of a Fountain in Mâ—ssenia Acham a Province of Africa on the Coast of Zanguebar in the possession of the Arabians border'd on the South by a Country inhabited by Negros and Heathens Achamba See Ceylan Achasse a River in East France in the Territory of Vivarez rising in the Hills near Viviers and having Teil on the left soon after falling into the Rhosne Achatbaluc or Achbaluo by some Achbaluc-Mangi or White Town a little City in the Province of Tainfeu in Cathay giving its Name to the adjacent Territory Achates the old Name of a River in Sicily now call'd Drillo Achbaluck a City of the Asiatick Tartary in the Province of Tainfeu not far from Cambalu and built upon a Lake The same with Achatbaluc Achelo Anchialus called by the Turks Keuchis a City of Thrace upon the Euxine Sea mentioned by Orpheus and Ovid 24 Miles from Develto Achelous a famous River among the Poets and fabulous Writers It rises in Mount Pindus and dividing Aetolia from Acarnania falls into the Ionian Sea It has at several times had the Names Geromlea Catochi Aspropotame Aspri and now is call'd Pachicolamo Achem a very large City the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name in the North part of Sumatra in the East-Indies The King of this City is in league with the Dutch who export from hence many rich Commodities and much Pepper Acheron a River in Epirus rising in the Marsh Acherusia and having receiv'd several lesser Rivers in its passage falling into the Sinus Ambracius in the Adriatic Sea Now called Velichi and Verlichi § Another River in Calabria now nam'd Bassento Sanuto or Campagnano according to several Authors Acherusia the name of several Loughs or Marshes one in Epirus aforenam'd § Another in Aegypt whereinto the Inhabitants were wont to put the dead Corps of their Friends in order to be transported to the contrary shore by a Ferryman there plying in the language of the place call'd Charon Hence many Fables § Another in Campania between Capua and Baiae now nam'd Lago di Colluccia Achillea otherwise Achillis cursus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Peninsula near the Mouth of the River Borysthenes Now call'd Cacearia according to some Achlar Araxis a famed River of Armenia Major it is called in the latter Maps Arais by others Caiacz by the Persians Arass It s ancient Name is fetched from the violence of its Stream The Fountains of this River are within 16 Miles of the Fountains of the Euphrates And it divides Armenia from Media Atropatia and falls into the Caspian Sea Busbequius saith that in his time viz. 1545. this River was the bound between the Persian and the Turkish Empires as I believe it is still There is another of the same name in Mesopotamia which falls into Euphrates below Thapsacum Achonry a decaying City in the Province of Connaught in the Kingdom of Ireland in the County of Letrim it is an Episcopal Sea under the Archbishop of Tuam the City is sinking every day more into ruin Achrida Achris Achridius Adirida by the Turks called Giustandil Justinian the Emperor being born here rebuilt it and called it Justiniana and made it the Metropolis of Macedonia in which it stands and of Bulgaria it is still a strong and populous City governed by a Sangiack it is situated near the Lake of Lychnidum It has been in the Turks hands 200 years Achterwaldt Silva Arduenna a famous Wood that heretofore extended very near the whole breadth of Germany Achyr a City of Poland in the Palatinate of Kiovia upon the River Vorsklo towards the borders of Moscovia It has a Castle and is well fortified some few years since it has been in the hands of the Moscovites It stands 25 Polonian Miles beyond the Borysthenes Acâ—aponda a Town of the East-Indies in the confines of the Bay of Bengala and of the Kingdom of Pegu it has a Harbor belonging to it Acierno a small Episcopal City in the Citerior Principate under the Archbishop of Salerno from whence it is distant 25 Miles to the South-East Acojoâ—lu Armenia Minor Acqs commonly Dax Aquae Augustae called heretofore Tasta also is an Episcopal City of Gascoigne under the Archbishop of Euse in Aquitain in France upon the River Dour or Adour which falls into the Aquitain Sea at Bajonne This City has Baths in it and is distant about five Miles from the Ocean and about ten from Bajonne to the South-East Acquapendente a City in S. Peter's Patrimony seated on a rising ground by the River Pelia abounding in Waters from whence it has its name It was made a Bishops See by Pope Innocent X in 1650. instead of Castro a ruined City 40 Miles distant from Senis Acqui Aquae Statiellae a City of Liguria in the Dukedom of Montferrat under the Dominion of the Duke of Mantua and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan it lies upon the River Bormia towards the Apennine about 16 Miles from Asta to the North East Here are several hot Baths to which there is great resort of People This City suffered much damage in the last Italian Wars Acsa a Lake in Bithynia and a River of the same name Acsar Acserai Ain-zarba Anazarbus A City of Cilicia heretofore an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch now ruined by the Turks it is 18 Miles distant from Flaviada towards the East upon the River Pyramus Long. 64. 20. Lat. 38. 50. Dioscorides was born here a famous Physician in Nero's times who wrote several things which are still extant Actium a most celebrated Promontory with a City of the same name in Epirus It was here that Augustus overthrew Marc Anthony and Cleopatra in the year of Rome 722 or 23 about 30 years before the coming of our Saviour Apollo had a magnificent Temple dedicated to him and Games every five years were celebrated in his honour in this City after the manner of the Olympicks Strabo gives us a particular description of all that Augustus did to it to eternalize the memory of his Victory He reedified the Temple of Apollo revived the Games and called the City Nicopolis to carry the remembrance of his Victory in its very name The Promontory is now call'd Trigalo See Trigalo Aczud Aczudia a small Town in Moldavia upon the River Missovo above Breslaw Adamah or Admah mention'd Gen. â—0 19. One of the Cities of the Plain that God destroy'd by fire from Heaven with Sodom and Gomorrha Adavoi a People of Guinea in
Africa Adda Addua a River that parts the Dukedom of Milan from the State of Venice it ariseth in the Alpes and falls into the Po 6 Miles above Cremona towards Placentia also the name of a Country in the Milanese betwixt this River and Serio memorable for the Victory obtained by Lewis XII of France over the Venetians May. 14. 1509. Adea a Kingdom of Aethiopia in Africa extended upon the Eastern Ocean at the entrance of the Red Sea It was once under the Kings of Aethiopia but has now a King who doth not depend upon them Magadoxo the Capital of this Kingdom and a Sea-Port is become a separate Kingdom also it lies in three degrees of Northern Latitude Adegele Chrysorrhoas a River of Damascus in Scripture called Pharpar it flows through Damascus and its fields where it is lost and never reacheth the Sea its Fountains are in Libanus This is one of the Rivers mentioned by Naaman the Syrian 2 King 5. as better than all the Waters of Israel Adel a small Kingdom in Africa at the mouth of the Red Sea heretofore called Azania with a City and a River of the same name Adelsperg Postonia Pistonia a Town in Croatia Aden a very strong Town in Arabia Foelix at the Foot of the Mountains not far from the Mouth of the Red Sea It has a very large Sea-Port and is also the head of a Kingdom of the same name The Turks in 1538. took this Town and hang'd up their King but not long after the Inhabitants revolted and put themselves under the Protection of the King of Mocha and expelled the Turks again This Country was known to the Romans by the name of Adana who had here a great Trade § Also a Mountain in the Kingdom of Fez remarkable for Mines of Silver § There is a City of the same name in Cilicia which is an Archbishoprick under the Patriarch of Antioch upon the River Malmistra or Piramus and often mention'd by the antient Geographers Ader or Eder a Tower within a Mile of Bethlehem said to be built by the Patriarch Jacob and that here the Shepherds were advertised by Angels of the Birth of our Saviour Aderborn a small Town in Pomerania upon the Oder a little above Stetin belonging to the Swedes Aderburg a small Town in the Electorate of Brandenbourg upon the Oder Adiabene a Province of the antient Assyria which for some time was itself a Kingdom now called Bolan or according to others Mesere and Sarca It s two Rivers Adiabas and Diabas are mention'd by A. Marcellinus Admirati a River of Sicily Whether this or Bajaria be the Eleutherus of the Antients is a dispute amongst Geographers Adon a small River of Bretagne in France which falls into the Vilaine Adonis a River of Phaenicia in Syria arising near to Mount Libanus and dividing the Kingdom and Patriarchate of Jerusalem from Tripoli and the Patriarchate of Antioch falls into the Mediterranean near Gibel Adour a River of Aquitain vide Dour Adra a small Sea-Coast Town in the Kingdom of Granada in Spain with a Port and a strong Castle it stands upon the Mediterranean Sea 9 Leagues to the West of Almeria which has robb'd it of the Bishops Sea heretofore belonging to it Adran Adranon a Town in Sicily of old famous for an Idol Temple of the name Adraon Adraton a City and sometime a Bishops See in Arabia mention'd corruptly by the name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the 16th Session of the Council of Chalcedon Adraste a Territory and an ancient City in Mysia famous heretofore for a Temple dedicated to Nemesis Adria Atri Hadria a City and an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Ravenna in the Polesine in the States of Venice little inhabited Some believe the Adriatique Ocean which we now call the Gulph of Venice derived its Name from hence Adrianople Vscudama Oresta is a City in the midst of Thrace taken by Bajazet in 1362. after which it became the Seat of their Empire till the takeing of Constantinople An. 1403. This City was rebuilt by Hadrian the Roman Emperor from whom it has its Name but is now called by the Turks Endrem by the French Adrianople It is an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople and is distant from it 150 Miles West being seated upon the River Mariza Hebrus The late deposed Emperor of the Turks for the most part resided in it he hating Constantinople and loving Hunting Adrinza the present Name of Assyria once the Mistris of the World Adrobe a River of that part of the Asian Tartary which is subject to the Moscovites it falls into the Wolga beneath Cazan Adrumete the same with Mahometa Adula the Name of a part of the Alpes from S. Gothard Aduliten Adulis an antient City in Africa upon the red Sea now called Ercoco Adyrmachides an antient People of Libya towards Egypt Their Daughters newly married were presented to their King who had a right to use or refuse them Aethiopia is about one half of Africa it is divided into two parts the Upper and the Lower The Upper is bounded on the North by Egypt and Libya on the West by the Lower Aethiopia as also on the South on the East it is bounded by the Red Sea and the Arabian and Barbarian Bays it contains Nubia Abissinia the Kingdoms of Muaci Macoci and Zanguebar c. The Lower Aethiopia is bounded on the North by Libya on the East by the Upper Aethiopia on the West and South by the Aethiopian Ocean It contains the Kingdoms of Monomotapa and Monemugi the Western Aethiopians which are divided into the Kingdoms of Congi Loangi and Angola c. This more Southern Part of Africa which was little known to the Ancients was found out by the Portugals Aferat The present Name of Euphrates one of the most celebrated Rivers in the World called by the Arabians Frat it springeth from the Mountains of Armenia Major and running to the West receives the Harpage and Arsametes then it bends to the South and divides the greater Armenia from the lesser Then it washeth Mesopotamia on the West and South and divides it from Syria and Arabia Deserta and at Cresiphon it runs into the Tigris with which it falls into the Persian Gulph beneath Teredon and Balsera Afra a strong Castle upon the Frontiers of Zaara in Africa and stands divided into Egypt Barbary Biledulgerid or Numidia Zaara or Libya Nigritia and Aethiopia AFRICA one of the four principal Parts of the Earth so called by the Grecians because it seldom feels any Cold it is bounded on the North by the Mediterranean Sea on the West and South by the Ocean on the East by the Arabian Gulph and the Red Sea being only joyned to Asia by a Neck of Land It was anciently known no farther South than to the Mountains of the Moon till the Portugueses of late discovered the Southern Parts The inland parts of it are generally barren and
almost Desert by reason of the Sands and venomous Creatures and want of Water it is almost twice as big as Europe Afrique Africa the Aphrodisium of the Antients a Town and Port in Barbary in the Kingdom of Tunis 20 Leagues from Mahometa Charles V. took it from the King of Morocco and demolish'd it Aga or Agag a Kingdom with a City of the same Name in the Upper Aethiopia Agades a Kingdom with a City of the Name in Nigritia in Africa tributary to the King of Tombut Agan or Pagan an Islet in the Eastern Ocean betwixt Chomocoan and Guagan where the famous Portegueze Magellan was assassinated as he was going in search of the Moluccaes Aganara or Aganagare a City on this side the Ganges in the East-Indies remembred by Ptolomy Aganippe a Fountain in Boeotia in Greece celebrated by the antient Poets Agaosi a People in the Kingdom of Bagamedri in the Upper Aethiopia The Agarens or Hagarens a People of Arabia Foelix descended from Agar and Ismael who went to war with the Tribes of Ruben Gad and Manasse in the time of Saul Their capital City is called after their own Name Agarena or Agranum When they revolted from the Roman Empire under Trajan that Emperor attempted the Reduction of them without success and since Mahomet was born amongst them they have been of his Religion Agarus Sagaris a River of the European Sarmatia which falls into the Danube in Moldavia now call'd Stiret according to Ortelius Agathyrse Agatyrium Agathyrna an antient City and Promontory in Sicily The Promontory is the same with that they now call Cape d'Orlando Agathyrses an antient People of Scythia applauded by Historians for their Hospitality to one another Agde a City in Languedoc in France the Bishop of which is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Narbone It is a fine and well built place seated at the mouth of the River Eraud which there falls into the Mediterranean Sea Agdus a famous Rock upon the Frontiers of Phrygia in Asia Minor Agen a City and Bishoprick in Guienne in France under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux and the Capital of the County of Agennois which gives the Title of an Earl It stands upon the Garonne where it receives on the opposite side the River L'Egers It is large beautiful and one of the best Cities of Aquitain being also the Birth-place of Joseph Scaliger about 15 Leagues from Bourdeaux to the North-East Aggerhuis a Province of Norway so called from a Castle in it It is bounded on the East with the Kingdom of Sweden on the South with the Sound on the West with the County of Bergen and on the North with that of Drontheim from which last it is separated by the Mountain Sevone It reacheth in length from the North to the South 240 Miles The chief Cities of it are Ansloga Fredericstad Saltzbeg and Tonâ—bâ—g The whole of it is under the King of Denmark Agion Oros Athos a Mountain in Macedonia in the Province of Jamboli call'd by the Italians il Monte Santo by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Holy Mount It runs into the Aegean Sea like a Peninsula it is joyned to the Continent by a Neck of Land of an Italian Mile and half which Herodotus saith was cut through by Xerxes It is 90 Miles in compass called by the Turks Scididag and Monastir by reason of the vast numbers of Monasteries in it being about 24 Cloisters of Caloirs or Greek Monks the chief of which are Garopedos and Agias Laura in which two are 600 Monks in all 5000. Most of these Monasteries are fortified to secure them from Pirats From hence the Patriarch of Constantinople fetches most of the Bishops he needs for his Patriarchate it being now the School or University of all Greece the Monks are all of the Order of S. Basil This Mountain lies between the Bay of Strymon on the North and that of Singo to the South Agira Agurium Argirium and Agnina Vrbs is a City in Sicily near Mount Aetna The Birth-place of Diodorus Siculus now called San Philippo d'Argirone Aglie a celebrated Castle in the Province of Canavois in Savoy which gives a Name to one of the most illustrious Houses in that Country Agmet the Emere of Ptolomy an antient City in the Province of Marocco sometime the Seat of that Empire and very populous and strong before Marocco was built Agmundesham a Corporation seated upon a small River which falls into the Isis a little above Vxbridge in the County of Bucks It sends two Burgesses to our Parliament and is not otherwise remarkable to my knowledge It stands 9 Miles from Vxbridge to the North-West and about 8 from Maidenhead to the North-East Agnabet or Agnetlin one of the principal Towns of Transylvania seated upon the River Harbach which falls into the Alt. In this place Q. Isabella assembled a Diet for the preservation of her Son which Martinsius dissolved and began a War upon his Master which ended in both their ruins Agno Clanus a River of Campania in Italy call'd afterwards Liris it riseth in Mount Tiphate and flowing West between Avella and Nola entereth Terra di Lavoro makes the Lake of Linterna and at last ends in the Sea of Tuscany between the Ruins of Cuma and the Mouth of the River Voltorno Agnone a Town in the Province of Abruzzo in Italy understood by some to be the antient Aquilonia Agobel a City in the Kingdom of Tremissen in Barbary understood by some to be the Victoria of Ptolomy Also another in the Province of Hea in the Kingdom of Marocco Agol a City in the Upper Aethiopia towards the Mountain Amara Agore Agorum a small City upon the River Cordevol in the Dominions of the Republick of Venice Agouges or D'Agouges a small River of Auvergne in France which falls into the Allier a little above San Porzain Agouste Augusta a City in Sicily built by Frederick the Emperor in 1229 upon a Peninsula which in the last Age was turned into a little Isle with a Bridge to communicate betwixt it and the Continent It has a very large Haven defended by 3 Cittadels to the Sea Taken by the French in 1675. and abandon'd by them in 1678. Agout Acutus a small River in Languedoc in France washing the two Cities of Castres and Lavaur it falls into the River Tarne Agra or Agara a new City seated in a Province of the same Name in India beyond Ganges It is the Capital of the Moguls Empire and his residence a rich and beautiful City built by Ekebar one of his Predecessors in the last Age upon the River Gemini It is of a vast circuit and adorned with a stately Palace on the other side of the River lies another City called Serandra which is well built and but a kind of Suburb to Agra Agragas See Gergenti Agramont Agramontium a Town in Catalonia in the Plain of Vrgel between Solsona and Lerida Agreable an Island in the Kingdom of Fez form'd by the
Alba Regalis called by the Inhabitants Ekekes Fesarwar by the Germans Stoel-Weissemburg Is a City of the Lower Hungary once the Capital of that Kingdom famous for the Coronation and Burial of the Kings of Hungary It stands in a Marsh upon the River Sarwitz Taken by the Turks Anno 1543 retaken by the Christians in 1601. taken again by the Turks in 1602. surrendred again to the Imperialists upon Articles May 9. in the beginning of the Campagne of the Year 1688. The Imperialists found 84 Pieces of Cannon in it with almost an incredible quantity of Ammunition and small Arms. It is 45 Miles from Buda West and 60 from Comorra South Long. 41. 10. Lat. 47. 8. S. Albans Verulamium is the fairest and the best Town in the County of Hertford It arose out of the Ruins of Verulam a Town more strong and antient seated on the opposite side of the River Ver. This new Town took its Name from one Alban a Citizen of Verulam who in the Dioclesian Persecution suffered Death for the Christian Religion and is esteemed the first of the British Martyrs To whose memory the Britains built a fair Church which being ruin'd in the Wars between them and the Saxons Offa King of the Mercians built here a Monastery to his honor An. Chr. 795. the Abbot of which obtained from Pope Adrian the Precedency of all English Abbots to which an end was put Dec. 5 1539. by the surrender of the said Abby to Hen. VIII Near this place Richard Duke of York overthrew Henry VI. and took him Prisoner Anno Dom. 1455. who four Years after was restored to his liberty again by a Victory obtained here too This Town had the Honor of an Earldom bestowed upon it by Charles II. April 27. 1660. in the person of Henry Jermin then Baron of S. Edmondsbury in Suffolk Since raised to a Dukedom by the same King This Town lies upon the River Ver 10 Miles from Hertford to the South-West The Old Town I shall speak of in its proper place Albarazin Albarazinum a City and a Bishops See in Arragon in Spain under the Archbishop of Saragossa Albasequia a City of Sarmatia in Asia supposed to be the Ampsulis of Ptolomy Albegna Albania Almiana a River in Tuscany which falls into the Gulph of Telamont Albemarle called by the French Aumale is a Town in Normandy in France near the Head of the River Bâ—ssine in the Confines of Picardy It is memorable for giving the Title of an Earl to the Noble Family De fortibus And of Duke to Edward Earl of Rutland after Duke of York Given with the same Title to the Loyal Wise and Valiant George Monk by Charles II. July 7. 1660. who died Jan. 3. 1669. It stands 14 Leagues from Roven East Alben Albins a Mountain of Carniola remarkable for Mines of Quicksilver § Also a River Alpis in Corinthia which runs into the Save Albenga a City and Port in the Republick of Genoua antient large handsom but not very healthful In 1175. it was burnt by those of Pisa Pope Alexander 3. made it a Bishops See in 1179. Titus Alius Proculus the Emperor was a Native of it § Over against it stands an Islet of the same Name Alberg a City and Bishops See in Jutland It lies not far from the Baltick Sea in 58. deg of Lat. Alberton a Town and Port in Barbary Albigeois a small Territory in Languedoc in France with a City in it call'd Alby This Province is divided by the River Tarn and very much taken notice of in Church-History for those great Oppositions the Albigenses its Inhabitants made long since against the Church of Rome Albila Mercë an Island made by the Nile in Aethiopia before it enters Egypt Albion the antient Name of Great Brittain New Albion See New Albion Albon a Territory in the Province of Vienne in Dauphine giving the Title of a Count. Albona Albonea a River in the Dutchy of Milan in Italy which passes by the Province of Novara to the Po. Alboran or Albusama Erroris Insula a small Island with some Villages in it and a Castle upon the Coasts of the Kingdom of Fez. Alborg Aeâ—burgum a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden in the Province of Jutland in Denmark upon the Bay of Limfort Alborno Alburnus a Mountain in the Kingdom of Naples mentioned by Virgil now call'd Monte di Postiglione and Montagna della Petina by the Italians Albret a City County and Dutchy in Gascony the Original of the late Royal Family of Navar. Albs the same with Savio a River of Italy Albufera Amaenum Stagnum a Lake in the Kingdom of Valencia in Spain Albula the antient Name of Tiber. Albuquerque a City and Dutchy in the Province of Estremadura in Portugal Alby Albia Albiga a City of Languedoc in France upon the River Tarn the Capital of Albigeois of great Antiquity Sometime an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Bourges but by P. Innocent Xâ— at the instance of the present French King Lewis XIâ— translated into an Archbishoprick The famous Albigenses took their Name from hence § Also a small City in the States of the Duke of Savoy betwixt Annecy and Aix upon the declension of a Mountain Alcairo Memphis a famous City of Egypt seated a little above the Delta where the Nile is first divided it is call'd in Scripture Noph and Migdol Now wholly desolate Alcala Complutum is a City of the Kingdom of Castile in Spain seated upon the River Henarez It was heretofore a Bishops See but belongs now to the Archbishops of Toledo One of which Franciscuâ— Ximenius Cisnâ—rus Archbishop of Toledo and a Cardinal in the year 1517. in the time of Alphonsus Sapiens opened here an University it is 6 Leagues from Madrid and â— from Toledo Long. 17. 30. Lat. 41. 00. Alcantara Norba Caesarea Pons Trajani Turobrica a City of the Kingdom of Leon upon the River Tajo It is a small City and of late years has been sortified to preserve it from the Incursions of the Portugueze being but 3 Leagues distant from the Borders of that Kingdom It is ennobled by a Bridge built over the River of 670 foot in length and 28 foot wide which is generally attributed to Trajan it stands upon 6 Pillars This City was taken from the Moors by Alphonsus VIII Anno 1013. Alcay a fertile Mountain well inhabited twelve Leagues from Fez. Alcazar-Quivir the capital City of the Province of Asgar upon the Coast of Barbary Built by Jacob Almansor King of Fez. Taken by Alphonsus V. K. of Portugal in 1448. Alcazer-Zeguer a Town in the Province of Habat in the Kingdom of Fez upon the Streights Built by Jacob Almansor K. of Fez. Taken by Alphonsus V. King of Portugal 1458. Abandoned by John III. K. of Portugal in 1540. yet now under the K. of Portugal Alcmaer a Town in the Northern parts of Holland besieged by the Spaniards in 1573. without success Alcozar d'Osal Salacia a small City
their Ships near the Castle of Bugia which plaid upon him with their Cannon This last Victory reduced those Pirats to beg a Peace which with the English they have kept the better since The French Fleet commanded by Marescal D'Estree discharged 10420 Bombs into the Town in July 1688. whereby above two thirds of it were destroy'd also 5 Ships in Port belonging to the Government there were sunk or burnt The Algerines enraged thereat shot off the French Consul at the Mouth of a Cannon with several poor Captives which was revenged by the French upon three Algerine Officers they had brought in custody with them whom they shot to death and put their Bodies upon a Hurdle of Planks to be driven ashoar to warn their Countrymen of the effects of their Cruelty This Town is seated 100 Miles from Sally right over against Minorca Long. 20. 15. Lat. 32. 45. Algher Algaria Corax a City of Sardinia call'd by the Spaniards Alguer it stands on the Western Shoar of that Isle in the Northern part of it This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sassari from whence it is dist 16 Miles to the South The Bishoprick was translated from Orana hither by Julius II. in 1504. Algow Agovia a County of Schwaben a Province of Germany It is bounded on the North by the Danube and by the Lech on the East by the Lake of Constance by the Territory of Hegow to the West and by the Earldom of Tirol to the South In this County lie the Marquisate of Burgow Ausburg and several other considerable Cities and Towns Alhama Artigi a City of the Kingdom of Granada seated upon steep Hills which was the place of delight to the Moorish Kings of Granada it lies 7 Leagues from Granada North-West called in the latter Maps Alcala-real Alhilet Sin a Desert of Arabia Alibaluch an Island in the Caspian Sea over against the Province of Taristan in Persia under the King of Perse Alicant Alonae a Port of the Kingdom of Valentia in Spain on the Mediterranean Sea 10 Leagues from Murcia to the North-East and from New Carthage now Valentia 14. the Bay that comes up to it is now called the Gulph of Alicant Alicate a Town upon the Coast of Sicily Alifa Allipha a City and a Bishops See under the Archb. of Benevento in the Terra di Lavoro in Naples upon the River Voltorno Almost ruin'd Fabius Maximus gain'd a Victory over the Samnites here Aliola a small Island between Africa and Madagascar called in the Maps Alion Alize or Alise Alexia a place in the Dutchy of Burgundy now ruinous formerly famous for the Siege it endured against Jul. Caesar Alkebulan one of the Names by which Africa is called Alla a River in the Ducal Prussia in Poland Allatur a Town in the Kingdom of Cazan in Moscovy upon the River Cama Alleburg a small Town upon the River Alla in the Ducal Prussia in Poland Allelujah a remarkable Monastery in Aethiopia so called from the continual singing of Allelujahs in it Allemaign See Germany Allendorf a small Town in Germany under the Landgrave of Hesse Cassel upon the River Wertz 5 Leagues from Cassel Allere Allera a River in the Lower Saxony which rises in the Dutchy of M gdebourg and passes through that of Lunebourg by Zell and Ferdin to joyn the Weser Allersberg a small Market-Town on the West of the District of Newmarckt in the upper Palatinate it belongs to the House of Newburg Allia a River of the Province of Sabina in Italy See Aia. Allier Elaver a River of France which riseth in Languedoc in the Territory of Guivandan in the Village of Condress at the foot of Losere the highest of the Mountains of Cevennes then running to the North it watereth and divides the County of Auvergne as likewise that of Bourbon where it slides by Moulins and a little beneath Nevers falls into the Loire Allobroges an antient People of the Province of Narbona in Gallia Transalpina so called from the River Labroya upon the Banks of which they had their Habitations at first according to Viterbius They assisted the Carthaginians against the Romans In the Year of Rome 632. the Romans overthrew them under Cneâ—â— Domitius Aenobarbus and Fabius Maximus whence the latter obtained the Title of Allobrogicus Allyn a great Lake in the County of Kildare in Ireland Almagra a Village in the Kingdom of Castile in Spain remarkable for being the Birth place and giving Name to Diego Almagra Pizarro's Comerade in the discovery of Peru in 1525. These two perfidious base-born Vilains taking up Arms afterwards against each other Almagra became Pizarro's Prisoner and was kill'd by Pizarro's Brother Almaguer Almagra a small Town 20 Leagues from Popayan in the Southern America Almedine a Town sometime rich and populous and the Capital of the Province of Duguela in the Kingdom of Marocco but now ruin'd Almeria a City and Port in the Kingdom of Gâ—anada which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Granada seated upon the Mediterranean having its Name from Amalricus a Gothish King who built it it is distant about twenty Miles from Granada South-East § There is another Town of the same name in new Spain with a good Port upon the Gulph of Mexico called also Villaricca and by the Indians Naothalon from a River of that name Almina Abyla a Mountain in the Kingdom of Fez in Barbary near the Mouth of the Streights of Gibraltar or the entrance of the Mediterranean supposed to be one of Hercules's Pillars Almisâ—a Almisum Dalmatium by the Sclavom ans called Omisc is a City in Dalmatia upon the Adriatique under the Turks It was sometime a Bishops See before it was united to the Archbishoprick of Spalatro Almo a Rivulet in Campagna di Roma which falls into the Tibur at Rome The Priests of the Goddess Cybele used to wash the Victims that they Sacrificed to her in these streams Almondbury Camulodunum a Town in Yorkshire in the West-Riding seated upon the River Calder about 7 miles from Halifax to the South-East which was once a famous Roman and Saxon City now a Village Almoravides a People near Mount Atlas in Africa who Possessed themselves of the Kingdom of Fez in the year 1052. Almouchiquois Savages of New France towards the River Covacourt and the Isle of Bacchus Almunequar a Town in the Kingdom of Granada Alnewick a Market-Town in Northumberland on the River Alne Alaunus which gives name to it and soon after falls into the German Ocean William the Lyon King of Scots fought a Battle here with the English in the Reign of Henry II. and was taken Prisoner Alney Isâ—e a small Island near Glocester made by the Severn Here Edmond surnamed Ironside one of the Saxon Kings of England fought a single Combat with Canutus the Dane an Invader in the view of both their Armies After which they agreed to reign in Conjunction each in his part dividing the Kingdom betwixt them Aload one of the
antient Emporiae Ampurias upon the Mediterranean 6 Leagues from Girona sometime divided betwixt 3 Nations Spaniards Greeks and Romans Cato obtain'd a signal Victory over the Spaniards here in the year of Rome 558. It was afterwards the Seat of a Bishop but being ruin'd in the Wars with the Moors the See was translated to Girona Amrom or Amrod an Island towards the Dutchy of Sleswick in Denmark Amsterdam Amstelodamium is the chief Town of the Province of Holland seated upon the River Yam It is a new City first Fortisied in 1492. but within this last hundred Years it has received its greatest growth and is now one of the greatest Marts in Europe It takes its Name from the River Amstel which glides by it and has a large convenient and a well-traded-haven The Riches number of Ships and Merchants belonging to it are equal to those of most Cities in Christendom It was taken by the Hollanlers under Prince William of Nassau from the Spaniard in 1578. having been heretofore one of the Imperial Cities it stands about two Leagues from the Zuider Sea and four from Vtrecht § The Hollanders have given the Name of Amsterdam to an Island in the Frosen Sea toward Greenland To a Town and Port of theirs in their Colonies in the Northern America To an Island in the Indian Ocean betwixt Madagascar and new Holland And lastly to another Island by them discover'd towards Japan Amu or Amus a Lake in the Country of Vsbech in Tartary Amudez a Town in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa Amurgos or Murgos an Island in the Archipelago with a City that has sometime been the Seat of a Bishop Simonides the antient Poet was born here Amyclea an antient City in the Terra di Lavoro in Italy whose surprisal and destruction by the Enemy occasioned that known Proverb Amyclas perdidit silentium Amycles See Scala Marmorea § The Name also of an antient City in the Morea where Apollo had his Temple Amydon an antient City of Macedonia upon the River Axïus Amyrus a River of Thessalia Amyzon See Mezo Ana a Town of Arabia Deserta upon the River Euphrates Anabagatha a City and an Archiepiscopal See under the Patriarch of Antioch in Asia Anacandrians Indians in the Isle of Madagascar Anachimoussi other Indians in the same Anactoire an antient City of Epirus upon the Bay of Ambracia the Anactorium of the Antients And another in Ionia Anacuies Indians of Brasil Anaf or Anfa a Town sometime the Capital of the Province of Temesen in the Kingdom of Fez upon the Atlantick Ocean Burnt by Alphonsus King of Portugal in 1468. Anaghelome a small Town in the County of Down in ulster in Ireland upon the River Ban. Anagni or Agnani a City and Bishops See in the States of the Church in Italy Rich and powerful in the time of the old Romans now almost ruin'd and little inhabited Anagyrus a Tract in Achaia so call'd from the growth of Bean-Cod Trees there Anandale is a County in the West of Scotland upon the River Solway which parts Scotland from England It takes its Name from the River Anan as doth also the principal Town in it which saith Camden lost all the Glory and Beauty it had by the English War in the Reign of Edward VI. Anapanomene a Fountain of Epirus mention'd by Pliny Anaph an Island in the Archipelago now call'd Nanfio Anaplyste an antient Maritim Town in Greece near Athens Anapo Anapus a River of Sicily § Also another of Epirus Anapuia a Province of Venezuela in the South America Anaquito a Country in the Province of Quito in Peru where the two Parties of Almagra and Pizarro joynt-discovers of Peru engag'd each other in Battel in 1546. See Almagra Anatolia Asia Minor call'd by the Turks Natolie is a considerable part of Asia extending it self Westward to the Shoars of Greece It is bounded on the North with the Euxine or Black Sea on the East it is separated from Syria and Armenia Major by the Euphrates on the South it has the Mediterranean and on the North it is severed from Greece and Thrace by the Bosphorus and many other Seas It is all of it in miserable Slavery under the Turks who have strangly depopulated impoverish'd and ruin'd this once most rich and powerful Country Anatolico A Village of the Province of Despotato or the antient Aetolia in Greece built in a Marsh like Venice Anazarbe See Aczar Anazzo Gnazzi or Torre d'Anasso a City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples supposed to be the ruinated Egnatia whose Episcopal See is transferr'd to Monopoli Ancam Ancamia an Island on the Coast of China to the Province of Canton Ancamares or Anoamares Indians in the South America along the River Madera Ancaster the antient Crocolana or Crorolana a Town upon Lincoln Heath within 12 Miles of Lincoln Ancenis Ancenesium a City in Britany in France upon the Loyre The Castle that it had is ruin'd Anchiale the same with Kenkis § Also a City of Cilicia in Asia remarkable for the Tomb and Statue of the Effeminate Sardanapalus Anchisa a part of the Mountain Atlas Anchora Asine an antient small City in the Morea near Modon Anclam Anclamum a very strong Town in Pomerania under the Government of the King of Sweden upon the River Pene. It was taken from the Swedes by the Duke of Brandenburg in 1676. and restored to them in 1679. It lies 8 German Miles South-East from Stetin Ancona the principal City of Marca Anconitana which Territory takes its name from this City it stands upon the Adriatick Sea near the Promontory of S. Ciriaco Built by the Syracusans who fled hither to avoid the fury of their Tyrant The Haven was built by Trajan the Emperor and is one of the fairest in the World but not so safe as capacious In 1532. Pope Clement the VII built here a a very strong Castle upon pretence of securing the City against the Turks but in reality to bring it into a greater subjection to the Popedom in whose Dominions it is tho formerly a kind of a Republick it has a Bishop who is not under any Archbishop It is distant from Rome 110 Miles to the North-East and from Vrbino 53 Miles to the South-East Ancyra See Engury Anczakrich Anczacricus a River of Vkrane in Poland which falls into the Black Sea within one Polish Mile of Oczakow which is now in the Possession of the Turcks and stands near the Mouth of the Neister Borysthenes Andaguaslas Indians of Peru in America between the Rivers Abanca and Xauxa Andaluzia Vandalitia a Kingdom in the South of Spain bounded on the North with the Province of Estremadura and New Castile on the East with the Kingdom of Granada on the South with the Ocean and the Mediterranean and on the West with the Atlantick Ocean and Algarve in Portugal This is the most rich and fertile Country in all Spain The Moors erected in it two Kingdoms that of Corduba and that
the Pyrenean Hills and the County de Bigorre of which it was a part tiil 1192. when Alphonsus King of Arragon seised on it as Peter de Marca saith and annexed it to the Kingdom of Arragon tho it lies on the French side of the Pyraenei In this Vale riseth the River Garonne one of the greatest in France and there are in it 33 Castles or Villages of which Viella is the chief Aranios Aranus a River of Transylvania arising near Clausenberg and afterwards falling into the Mash Ararat Arat by the Armenians call'd Mesesousar or the Mountain of the Ark by the Persians Agri is a part of the Caspian Mountains near Erivan in Armenia and the most renowned of all others for sustaining the Ark of Noah after the Universal Deluge It exceeds in height Caucasus and Taurus carrying its head into the temperate Region whilst some of the lower part of it is covered with continual Snow Every 5 Leagues upwards the Christians have built a little Hermitage where the curious Traveller may be refreshed They will tell you there is a Cell and ordinarily a Hermite in it upon the highest Top who lives as a Recluse for his Life But the story of Noah's Ark remaining uncorrupted and entire to this day by reason of the temperature of the Air which the said Hermite shews you I suppose is grounded upon as good an Authority Arasch a Town and Port in the Province of Asgar in the Kingdom of Fez fortified with a strong Wall and a Castle Arauco a City River and Valley in the Kingdom of Chili in America The Natives had maintain'd a War against the Spaniards above 100 Years before a Peace was made in 1650. Araxai Araxius a River of Brasil in America which falls into the Mongagombe in the Province of Pairaba Araxes See Achlar Arba or Arbee a Town in Palestine call'd in Scripture Hebron and Mamre being the Sepulture of the Patriarchs § Also an Island and City which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Zara in the Adriatique Ocean upon the Coast of Dalmatia Arbela an antient City of Sicily The People thereof were stupid to a Proverb Arbelles a Town in Assyria upon the River Lycus where Alexander M. entirely defeated Darius the Third time in the 423 Year of Rome and 331 before the coming of our Saviour Arbogen or Arbo a Town upon the River of the same name in the Province of Westmania in Sweden Arbon Arborfoelix a City of Switzerland under the Bishop of Constance Arboriches the antient People of the Province of Zeland in Holland Arbois a Town in the Franche County famous for the good Wines it yields Arc or L'Arc a little River of Provence in France which passes by Aix to the Berre Arcadia Pelasgia an antient Province of Peloponesus or the Morea now call'd by the Turks Tzaconia with a City of the same name In the Year of Rome 386 the Lacedemonians gave the People of this Country a bloody Overthrow by reason their Sacrilege in Pillaging the Temple of Jupiter Olympius had contracted upon them the hatred of all Greece § Also the Name of a City heretofore famous in the Island of Crete with a Suffragan Bishops See thereto The Gulph of Arcadia is the same with Cyparissus Sinus of the antients Arcani Apsarus a River of the Mengrelians which riseth from the Mountains of Chielder in Armenia Major and running Northward falls into the Euxine Sea at Arcani a Town of Mengrelia seated upon the Sea between Trapezunt from which it is distant 150 Miles and Phazzeth a City of Mengrelia Arcas a small Town in the Kingdom of Castile in Spain Heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo but united to that of Cuenca by P. Lucius III. at the request of Alphonsus IX King of Castile Arce The same with Petra in Arabia Deserta Arch-Angel is a very famous Sea-Port in the North of Muscovy in the Province of Dwina upon the River Dwin which near this place is divided into two Branches making the Island of Podesmeske and then falling into the White-Sea 6 German Miles beneath this City The passage by Sea to this City was first sound out by one Richard Chandler an English-man in the Year 1554 or near that time before which the Muscovites had no Communication with these parts of the World excepting by the Baltick Sea by Narva and Poland accordingly the English were at first treated with great Kindness by the Princes of Muscovy and in the Year 1569 obtain'd from Basilovits the Emperour of Muscovy that none but the English should Trade here but since that the Dutch Danes and Swedes have had their share and Arch-Angel which when it was discover'd was a Village is now become a rich and populous City This City lies in 64d of lat Archidona a Town in Andaluzia in Spain § Also a small City of Peru in America Archipelago Archipelagus mare Aegaeum is a part of the Mediterranean Sea which lies between Greece the Lesser Asia and the Isle of Creet this Sea is stored with an innumerable Shoal of small Islands and by Allusion late Writers have for that reason given the same names to divers other Seas in the East and West-Indies as Archipel de S. Lazare des Maldives du Chiloe de Mexico c. Arcissa Arcisso the Lake of Van. See Van. Arcklow is a small Town with a County belonging to it in the Province of Leinster in Ireland seated upon the Irish Sea 31 Miles South of Dublin and deserves the rather to be mentioned because it belongs to the Noble and Loyal Family of the Dukes of Ormond who are Barons of it Arcuevil a spruce Village within a League of Paris it s proper Name is Arc-Julien which was given it by Julian the Apostate in Commemoration of the Aqueducts he made here whilst he sejour'd at Paris in the Years 357 and 360. Ardaschat Artaxata a City of Armenia upon the Confines of the Territory of Erivan where are to be seen the rests of the magnificent Palace of Tyridates call'd by the Inhabitants Tact-terdat or the Throne of Tyridate Ardagh There are Four Towns in Ireland of this Name the 1st in the County of Letrim 2d in the County of East-Meath 3d. in the County of Longford and the 4th in the County of Cork Ard bracan a small Town in the County of East-Meath in Munster in Ireland Ardea a City heretofore of Italy the capital of Rutilij and antienter than Rome Now a Village of small consideration Ardevil Ardevila a Town in the Province of Servan in the Kingdom of Persia about 20 Leagues from the Caspian Sea It is a large City but not Wall'd remarkable for its being able to shew the Sepulchres of many of the Kings of Persia and in the Year 1618 the Turks and Persians fought near this place a dreadful Battle the Persians getting the Victory with a vast loss which ended in a speedy Peace offered by the Victors and accepted by the Turks
Brietius Ardee Ardea a River of Normandy which falls into the British Sea at Auranches near the Limits of the Dukedom of Britain Ardee or Atherdee a small Market-Town in the County of Louth in the Province of Vlster in Ireland King James II. lay encamped upon the Plains here with an Army of 20000 Men whilst the Duke of Schomberg and his Forces were so strongly entrench'd at Dundalk who not accepting of a Battle when it was presented by King James both the Armies retired soon after without fighting into their Winter Quarters November 1689. Ardembourg or Rodenbourg Ardenburgum a Town in Flanders Taken by the Hollanders in 1604. One League from Sluys Ardennes Ardenna Sylva call'd by the Germans Ardenner-waldt and Luitticher-waldt is the greatest Forest in all the Low-Countries it reacheth above 100 Miles in length as this day extending itself through the Dukedom of Luxemburgh the Bishoprich of Liege the South part of Henalt and to the Borders of Champaign it is taken notice of by Cesar and Tacitus Ardes a Tract in the County of Down in Vlster in Ireland upon the Lake of Coin in the form almost of a Peninsula Ardesche a River of the Province of Vivarets in France It passes by Aubenas to the Rhosne into which it discharges itself near S. Esprit and separates Languedoc from Vivarets Ardfeart a Town in the County of Kerry in the Province of Munster in Ireland Ardila a River of Spain whichriseth in Andaluzia and dischargeth itself into the Guadiana below the City of Olivenza in Portugal Ardmonack is a Territory in the County of Rosse in Scotland belonging to the Royal Family of Scotland Charles I. as second Son to King James I. had the Title of Baron of Armonack given him at two year of Age. Ardrach a Town in the County of Longford in the Province of Connaught in Ireland Ardres Ardra is a little but well fortified Town in the County of Guienne in Picardy in France it stands in the Marshes in the Borders of Artois three Leagues from Calis toward the South and a little more from Gravelin Francis I. and Henry VIII King of England had an enterview with each other near this Town in 1520. Both Courts appearing so magnificent that they call'd the place a Field of Cloth of Gold In 1596 Cardinal Albret took it for the Spaniards who did not keep it long § Also the Name of a Kingdom and City in Guiney in Africa Ardret Ardrathen or Ardrat Ardatum a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Armagh in the County of Kerry in Ireland Are Arus a River of York-shire It arises upon the Borders of Lancashire and falls into the Ouse below York Arembourg Areburium a Town of the lower Germany lately adorn'd wiah the Title of a Principality it lies between Colen to the North and Treves to the South upon the River Aer 7 German Miles from Juliers to the South and 4 from the Rhine West Arequipa one of the most considerable Cities of Peru in America upon the River Chila 7 Leagues from the South Sea 70 from Cusco And a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lima with a commodious Port. It is made rich by the Silver Mines of the Andes that are found within 14 Leagues of it In 1582. an Earthquake as the Country here is very subject to them almost shook it to peices In 1600 the Vulcano which stands by it broke out into terrible Flames They did use to bring the Treasure of Potosi hither but the difficulty of the Road has driven them to Arica Arestinga Liba an Island in the Indian Ocean towards the Provinces of Kherman and Dulcinca in Persia Arethusa a City of Syria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Apamea § Another in Macedonia by some call'd Taino and Renina upon the Bay of Contessa § Also a Lake in Armenia Major near the source of the River Tigris Arezzo Aretium a City and a Bishops See immediately under the Pope in Tuscany in Italy Famous in the time of the old Romans Arg Argus a River of Swabia in Germany Passing by Wangen it afterwards falls into the Lake of Constance Argan a Town in New Castile in Spain A Council here held in 1473 enjoyns every Bishop to say Mass thrice and simple Priests four times at least a year and that none be preferred to Ecclesiastical Dignities who understand not Latin It seems the Learning and Devotion of that age went toutes par la main Argens Argenteus a River of Provence in France It arises from three several Sources then falls into the Ocean near Frejus Agentan Argentomum Argentomagum a City of Normandy in France upon the Vrne Argenten a Town in the Dukedom of Berry in France upon the Creuse Argentor a River in the Province of Angoumois in France falling into the Charente at Porsac Argentrevil Argentolium a small Town three Leagues from Paris There is a Priory in it dependent of the Abby of St. Denis Argile Argathelia a very large County in the Western parts of the Kingdom of Scotland upon the West of Dunbritaine Frith This was the first Country the Scots who came out of Ireland possess'd themselves of as is shewn by Camden out of Bede First also made a County or Earldom by James II. King of Scotland who invested Colin Lord Campbell with the Title of Earl of Argile in regard of his own and of the worth of his Family which is deriv'd from the antient Princes of this Country They have also saith Camden been made Lords of Lorn and for a good while General Justices of Scotland but the two last Earls were unfortunate Anginuses an Island of Greece where the Athenians under Conon obtained a great Victory over the Lacedemonians in the Year of Rome 347. Argipeeni an antient People of Sarmatia They never would go to War with their Neighbours Arglas is a small Town in the Province of Vlster in the County of Down in Ireland with a Haven belonging to it The Lord Cromwel of Oakham is Earl of this place Argonne a Territory part in Champagne and part upon the Borders of Loraine in France Beaumont and Clermont stand in it Argos the antient capital City of a Kingdom of the same name in the Morea now call'd the Province of Romania This Kingdom was Founded by Inachus contemporary with Moses or 346 years before him in Eusebius's Calculation It continued 546 Years then changed into a Republick which maintain'd several Wars with the Grecians The City has been first an Episcopal and next an Archiepiscopal See In 1383 the Venetians bought it In 1463 the Turks took it In 1686. General Morosini reduced it under the Venetians again Argos Amphilogium was a City of Epirus ruin'd long ago § There was another of the Name in Thessalia in Macedonia call'd now Armiro Argow one of the four parts of Switzerland taking its name from the River Arg upon the Borders of Constance Arguin Arguinum a small Island with a Fort upon
it belonging to the Hollanders upon the Coast of Nigritia This Fort was built by the Portugals in 1455. Taken from them by the Hollanders in 1633. Taken from the Hollanders by the English of late Years and it was again taken and ruin'd by the French in 1678 and is now again under the Hollander It lies in the Atlantick Ocean upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Gualata about or in 20 d. of Northern Lat. Arhon Asopus a River of the Morea falling into the Gulph of Corinth Arhusen Arhusia a City of Denmark in the Dukedom of Jutland upon the Baltick Sea it is a Bishops See under the Archbisâ—op of Lunden seated upon the River Gude 10 Miles South of Alburg 2 West from the Island of Fuinen and about 26 North of Lubeck This City was taken and severely treated by the Swedes in 1644. but is since that in the Posâ—ession of the Danes again Aria an antient Province and City of Persia The one is now call'd Chorasan the other Herat or Serat Ariano Arianum a City in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento giving the Title of a Duke Ariano upon the Po is a small City in the Ferrarez in Italy and Capital of a Territory call'd Polesinâ— di Ariano upon the Borders of the States of Venice Arica a Port in the Kingdom of Peril in the Province de los Charcas where they ship the Silver brought from Potosi It is a small Town but has a capacious Haven and a strong Castle distant from La Plata to the South-East and from Cusco to the South 80 Leagues Ariccia or la Riccia was heretofore a considerable Town in the Campagna di Roma in Italy upon a Lake of the name now called lago di Nemi It has since become a small Village yet gives the Title of a Duke Ariel a River of the Precopensian Tartars which falls into the Nieper Borysthenes below Terki Arieni an antient People of Germany Another in Asia whom the Gauls reduced Arima a Town and Port of Japan in the Kingdom of Ximo or Saâ—cok The Infidels have extirpated the Christians thence Arimaspi an antient People of Sarmatia Europaea Ariminum See Rimini Arimoa an Island discovered by the Hollanders in 1618. near New Guiney betwixt Moa and Schouten Arles Arelas a City and Archbishoprick in Provence of France upon the Rhone In this place there was celebrated a great Council of the Western and African Bishops by the Order of Constantine the Great in the Year 312 or as Cabasutius saith in 314. that is about 16 years before the General Council of Nice and there has been several others held in aftertimes in the same Place This City was once made the Head of a Kingdom which had Kings of its own from the Year 879. to 1032. sometimes call'd the Kingdom of Arles and sometimes of Burgundy beyond the Jâ—ur Jurana It is seated on the left side the River Rhone over which there is a Timber Bridge 12 Leagues from Marseilles to the West The Academy established here in 1669 and the grand Obelisk of Roman work erected in 1677 ought not to be forgotten Arlington a little Village in Middlesex between Harlington and Shepeston which being the Birth-place of the Right Honorable Henry Bennet he was by Charles II. created Baron of Arlington the 14th of March 1664 and Earl of the same the 22d of April 1672. sworn Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold to King Charles II. Sept. 11. 1674. and died in the first Year of the Reign of King James II. in great Honor and Esteem Arlon Arlun Arlunum Orolunum a Town in the Dutchy of Luxembourg in the Low Countries which has given the Title of a Marquess from the Year 1103. It stands 4 Leagues from Luxembourg 6 from Montmidi Arma a Province and City in the Kingdom of Popayan in America 25 Leagues from St. Troy Armadabat See Amadabat Armagh Armacha a County of Vlster in Ireland incompassed with the River Neury on the East with the Country of Louth on the South and with the Blackwater North. This is one of the most fruitful Counties in all Ireland Upon the River Kalin which falleth into the Blackwater a River so called stands Armagh a poor decayed City tho an Archiepiscopal See and the Primate of the whole Kingdom This Primate was subject to the Archbishop of Canterbury till 1142. when it was exempted by one John Papyrio a Papal Legate as Camden faith The City was taken by Cromwel in 1650. Armanac Arminiacensis Comitatus a County of Aquitain or the upper Gascony in France bounded on the North by the Counties of Agenois and Condome on the East by Languedoc on the West by Gascony properly so called Bearn and Bigorro and on the South by the County de Cominge The Earle of this County are much celebrated in the antient French History Armanâ—th See Ardmonack Armanson Armentio a River of France in Burgundy It rises by semur receives the Brenne passes by Tonnere and falls into the Lionne nigh Auxerre Armenia major called by the Inhabitants Curdistan by the Georgians Armenioba a very large and well known Country of Asia being divided from the Georgians Mengrelians and Muscovites by the Mountains on the South by Mount Taurus from Mesopotamia and by Mount Niphate from Assyria on the West it has the Euphrates by which it is divided from Cappadocia and Armenia the Less The greatest part of it is under the Turks but a small part towards the East is under the Pâ—rsiâ—n In this Country both Euphrates and Tigris have their Fountains Armenia minor called now by some Aladuli by others Ac-coionlu is a part of Asia the Less and was heretofore a part of Capadocia bounded on the North by the Mengrelians and the Pontus or Euxine Sea on the South by Cilicia and Syria on the East by Armenia major and on the West by Cappadooia This whole Country is now under the Dominion of the Turks Armentiers Armentariae a Town of Planders upon the River Ley Legia which falls into the Schelde at Ghant This Town was the Theatre of great Actions during the former Wars and was left to the French by the Treaty of Aquisgrane who have had it ever since the Year 1668. It is a fair Town distant from Ghant 10 Miles and something less from Cambray Armes a Seigniory in the Province of Nivernois in France giving its name to a Noble Family there Armorica See Bretagne Armoy or Earmoy a Barony in the County of Cork and Province of Munster in Ireland â—nautes an errant vagabond People of Albania Arnay le Due Arnaeum Ducium a small Town in Burgundy in France 5 Leagues from Autun very agreeable Arnebourg a Town in the antient Marquisate of Brandenbourg upon the Elb ruined in the German Wars Arneda a City and Port upon the Pacifick Ocean in Peru in America The Land of Arnheim is a part of the Terra Australis discovered by the Hollanders to
Gates of Geneva Gold is found amongst its Sands Arundale Aruntina Vallis a Corporation in Sussex upon the River Arun in which there is a Castle a stately place strong by Art and Nature The Name State and Dignity of Earl belongs to whoever is possessed of this Mannor and Castle without any other Consideration or Creation to be an Earl as Mr Camden acquaints us out of the Parliament Rolls of the 11. H. VI. This Castle stands 9 Miles East of Chichester and the Fee is in the Hands of the most Noble Henry Duke of Norfolk Earl Marshal of England by Inheritance granted by Charles II. in 1672. to the Father of this present Duke who is the Eldest Duke Earl and Baron in England and the first Protestant of this Noble and Illustrious Branch The marmora Arundeliana have made this name universally known amongst the Ingenious of all parts The Corporation sends Two Burgesses to the Parliament Arzilla Zilia Azella a maritime Town in the Province of Hasbata in the Kingdom of Fez upon the Atlantique Ocean well fortified Alphonsus V. King of Portugal surnamed Africanus took it in 1471. The King of Fez besieged it in 1508. without Victory Afterwards the Portuguese abandon'd it Arzeron Aziris a City of Armenia upon the Euphrates the Turkish Viceroy of which has under him 17 subordinate Governors Asasi a Town in the Kingdom of Marocco Asaph Elâ—â—a Asaphopolis a Town and Bishops See in Flintshire in Wales this Bishoprick was erected by Kentigern Bishop of Glascow in Scotland in the year 560. He returning afterwards into Scotland made Asaph a holy Man Bishop of this place from whom it has its Name There is in this Diocese 128 Parishes The Town is mean as well as the Church and it stands upon the River Cluyd about three Miles from the Sea and sixteen from Chester Lat. 53. 22. Long. 3. 17. Asborn a Market Town in Darbyshire in the Hundred of Wirksworth Ascalon was heretofore a City of Judaea in the Tribe of Dan upon the Sea Coast and one of the strongest holds of the Philistines Baldwin I. King of Jerusalem took it from the Saracens about the year 1153. It was made a Bishops See but so destroyed since that not above 50 Families now dwell in it who are Moors and Turks Ascania an antient Town in the Principality of Anhalt in Germany betwixt Magdebourg and Northuhausen it gives the Title of a Count. Aschaffenbourg Asciburgum a City in Germany in the Diocese of Mentz but in the Limits of Franconia and therefore by some ascribed to that Province Heretofore an Imperial or Hans-Town but afterwards exempted it is divided into two parts by the River Mayn which falls into Rhine at Mentz There is in it a stately Palace built of square Stone called Johansburg where the Elector of Mentz often resides This Town is distant from Frankford 6 Miles Eastward Aschen a Castle in Bavaria Aschersleben Ascania an old Town in the Diocese of Halberstad in the Principality of Anhalt in Germany whence the House of Anhalt receives the Name of principes Ascanii almost ruined Ascherne Aschenten Askarna a Town in the County of Limerick in Munster in Ireland upon a River of the Name Ascoli di Satriano Asculum Apulum a small decaying City an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Benevento in the Kingdom of Naples in the County called the Principate at the foot of the Apennine 35 Miles East from Benevento This City is built on a Hill a former which stood near it having been ruin'd in the year 1399. by a dreadful Earthquake this was built in the year 1410. by the Inhabitants of the other Ascoli upon the River Tronto a City in the Marcha Anconitana in Italy with an Episcopal See immediately under the Pope The Birthplace of Pope Nicholas IV. as formerly of Betutius Barrus an Orator mentioned by Cicero In 1557. the French and Spaniards had a Battle near this place The antient Inhabitants were the first that confederated against the Romans in the Marsick War Sometime after that it was almost ruined but rebuilt and fell to be one of the first Temporal Demains of the Pope Ascot a Mannor in the County of Buckingham which has long belonged to the Loyal Family of the Dormers Earls of Carnarvan and Viscounts of Ascot who were advanced to this Honor Aug. 2. 1628. by Charles I. for whom Robert the first Earl died fighting in the Battle of Newberry in 1643. Asebin Nisivis See Nisbin Asgar a Province in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa to the West between the Provinces of Fez and Habat It s principal Towns are Arasch and Alcasar-Quivir Ashby de la Zouch a Market-Town and Barony in Leicestershire which saith Camden is now in the Earls of Huntington one of which Family Sir William Hastings procured the Town the Privilege of a Fair in the Reign of Henry VI. It stands in the North-West Corner of the County about eleven Miles North-East from Eaton Ash-burtun a Corporation seated upon the River Dart in Devonshire which sends two Burgesses to the Parliament it stands about 17 Miles from Exeter to the South-West and 5 Miles from Newton Ashdale a Place in Scotland of which the late Duke of Monmouth was Baron Ashdod Azotus a City in the Holy Land which was one of the Principalities of the Philistines in S. Jerom's time it was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Caesarea now a Village called Alzete by the Turks See Azotus Ashford a Market-Town in Kent upon the River Stower in Scray-Lath Ashkrig a Market-Town in Yorkshire in the North-riding and the Hundred of Hang West A S I A the first of the Four parts of the World the Mother and for a long time the Nurse and Mistress of Mankind for here in this Man was created and after the Deluge this was the Place God chose to give Mankind a second Beginning in the 2 first of the General Monarchies viz. the Assyrian and Persian were in this part and to it chiefly was the Church confined till our blessed Saviour came It is washed on three sides by the vast Ocean which on the East is called the Eastern or Pacifick Ocean on the North the Tartarian Ocean or Mar del Norte on the West the Aethiopian Ocean and the Red Sea and it is divided from Europe by the Mediterranean and Black Sea with the Rivers of Tanais Don or Tana Rha and Obb. It is only parted from Europe by the space of 300 German Miles more or less by these Rivers connected to Africa by a Neck of Land of about 30 Miles and whether the North-East part of it is not united with the North-West part of America could never yet be discovered tho probably there is a streight or narrow Sea between them so that lying in the midst of the other three it was the fittest place to be made the Cradle of Mankind from whence the other were all to be peopled It lies in length from the Hellespont to Malacca the utmost Eastern
Mart 1300 German Miles its breadth between the Mouth of the Red Sea and the supposed Streights of Aman is 1220 Miles now divided into five principal Parts 1 Tartary 2 China 3 India 4 Persia 5 and the Turkish Empire Asia Minor See Natolia Asine the same with Anchora Asoph Tanais called Azack or Azeck by the Inhabitants la Tana by the Italians is a City of the Precopensian Tarters at the Mouth of the River Tanais which cuts the City into two parts and then immediately falls into the Lake of Moeotis It has a large Haven and a strong Castle which stands by the River taken by the Muscovites anno 1638. which upon false Accusation cost Cyrillus Lucaris Patriarch of Constantinople his Life but it was re-taken by the Turks who are now Masters of it the Town is square and built at the foot of a Hill in 67 d. of Long. and 54. 30. of Lat. Asopus the name of 3 Rivers one in Achaia now called Arhon the second in the Morea and the third in Asia minor near Laodicea Aspe a Valley of the Canton of Bearn in Switzerland watered by the Gave de Oleron It s principal Town is Accous Asphaltites or the Dead Sea by the Arabians sometimes called Baar Lout that is the Sea of Lot in Memory of his Deliverance is a Lake of Judaea in the same place where formerly the Cities of Sodom and Gomorrah were consumed The Rivers Jordan Arnon and others fall into it 580 Furlongs long and 150 broad according to Josephus They say no Fish can live in it for the Bituminousness of its Water and that nothing ever grows upon its Banks Assasiniens a People formerly inhabiting about 12 Towns in Phaenicia near Tyre under a King of their own Electing Whilst they paid a Tribute to the Templers they offered to turn Christians to be discharged of the same but the Templers refused it which says William of Tyre has been the cause of the ruine of Religion in the East In 1231 Lewis of Bavaria was assassinated by these People In 1257 the Tartars came upon them and killed their Antient or King and took their Towns and we have had no further account of them ever since Assinarius a River of Sicily See Falconara Assinshire Assinus a County in the North-western part of Scotland it has Strathnavern on the North the Mountains of Marble and Alabaster on the East Rosse on the South and the Irish Sea on the West This is properly a part of the County of Rosse and therefore little is said of it Assisi Aesisium Assisium a City of Vmbria in the Patrimony of St. Peter it is a Bishops See built on a Hill 5 Miles from the River Asio L'Assumption Assumptio a small new City in the Southern America near the River of Plate in Paragua it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop de la Plata Assyria the first of all the Empires and Kingdoms in the World It subsisted for 1300 years under 37 Kings or according to the computation of others for 1484 years under 41 Kings that is from Nimrod and Ninus the first of which reigned at Babylon in the year of the World 1879 the other at Ninive down to Sardanapalus who burnt himself in 3178. 876 years before the coming of our Saviour Now it is a Province of Asia called otherwise Mosul and Arzerum between Diarbeck and Persia under the Grand Seignior See Mosul Asta a City and Roman Colony lying between Piedmont and Montferrat it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan well fortified with a strong new Castle belonging to it once a Commonwealth then it became a part of the Dukedom of Milan and was under the Viscounti being disjoyned from that Dukedom in the year 1531. after various changes itfell into the hands of the Duke of Savoy who is still Master of it It is 15 Miles distant from Casal to the South § There is another City of the same name in Andalusia and another in the East-Indies in the Kingdom of Decan Astabat a City of Armenia upon the Frontiers of Persia within a League of the River Aras not great but very beautiful and enriched with excellent Wine Astaces the antient name of a River in the Kingdom of Pontus in Asia Minor Astachar Astacara a City of Persia upon the River Bendemir near the Ruins of Persepolis which was once the Capital of the Kingdom of Persia but is now decaying Astarac or Estarac Astaracensis tractus a little County 7 or 8 Leagues long in the Province of Gascoigne in France Asterabath or Sterabath Asterabatia a City and Province of Persia towards the Caspian Sea The City stands 20 Leagues from Gorgian Astetlan a Province of the new Kingdom of Mexico in America upon the Coast of the Vermiglian Ocean Astora Astura Augusta a City and Bishoprick in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain 9 Miles from Leone the Archbishops See to the South This City is also called Astorga Astracan Astracanum the Capital City of a Tartarian Kingdom in Asia near the Mouth of the River Rha or rather Wolga where it falls into the Caspian Sea it is built in an Island made by that River about 25 German Miles from the Sea-shoar and has been in the Hands of the Muscovites ever since the Year 1554. before which time it had Kings of its own The Kingdom of Astracan is a considerable part of the Czar's Dominion it lies in Tartaria Deserta from the Head of the River Rha to the Caspian Sea and extends West to the River Tanais which parts it from the Precopensian Tartars It was conquered by Johannes Basilovits Emperor of Muscovy Asturia was once a Kingdom but is now a part of the Kingdom of Leon in Spain it lieth in length from Biscay to Galaesia The eldest Son of the King of Castile is stil'd Prince of the Asturia's it being divided into two parts as the English Prince is of VVales of which this is an Imitation as also the Delphinate in France Atacama a Desart in the Province of los Charcas in the Kingdom of Peru in America along the Coast of the Pacifick Ocean Atad Caucasus a Mountain in Asia much celebrated by the antient Poets § Also a Country beyond Jordan in the Holy Land where the obsequies of the Patriarch Jacob were performed by his Children Gen. 50. 10. Atavillos a People of Peru. Atha a River of Germany in the Dukedom of Bavaria which falls in the Danube a little above Ingolstad Athamania a Country of Epirus between Acarnania Aetolia and Thessalia free and under Princes of its own till it submitted to Philip King of Macedon Athamas a River of Aetolia in Greece with a Mountain of the same name from whence it springs Aeth Athum a small but strong Town in the Province of Henalt upon the River Dender Tenera which falls into the Schelde 2 Leagues distant from the Confines of Flanders 5 East from Tournay Taken in 1667. by the French and by the Treaty of
See Slawkow Austrasie Austracia which the Germans called the Westrich was a considerable part of France during the first Race of Kings and had the Title of a Kingdom which was afterwards called the Kingdom of Mets because that City was the Capital of it Under the second Race of Kings it was called the Kingdom of Lothaire The bounds of it were very various sometimes bigger and at others less Austria called by the Inhabitants Oesterreich by the French Autriche by the Turks Beetstan or Weetzstan by the Poles Rakusy is a Province of Germany bounded on the North by Bohemia and Moravia on the East with Hungary on the South with the Dukedom of Stiria and on the West with Bavaria and Salsburgh it is divided almost into two equal parts by the Danube This Province was first under Marquesses from 928. In 1156. they had the Title of Duke given them and Frederick who was after Elected Emperor had the Title of Arch-Duke conferred on him which is the only Title of Arch-Duke in the World From this Country it is that the House of Austria takes its Name of which Family the Emperors of Germany have been ever since 1438. and the Kings of Spain since 1515. It is a very fertile Country amply supplyed with Mines and Rivers Vienna the Capital The Archduke has a particular power of creating Counts and Barons over all the Empire by antient Concession with this privilege besides that he cannot be deprived of his Lands and Principalities by the Emperor himself Authie Attilia a River of Picardy in France It arises near a Castle of the same name in Artois glides by Dourlens and Auxi then falls into the Sea at a place call'd Pas d'Authie Autun Angustodunum Hedua is a very antient City in the Dukedom of Burgundy and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Lions seated upon the River Arroux Arotium which falls into the Loire 25 Miles West of Chalon and about the same distance South-West from Dijon Auva a City and Kingdom of Japan Auvagdonne or Achad Achadia a City in the County of Gallway in Connaught in Ireland which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Tuam Auvergne Alvernia is a large Province almost in the midst of France it has the Dukedom of Bourbonne on the North the Earldom of Forez on the East the Marche and Limosin on the West and on the South Rouergue The Southern part is mountainous the Northern is very well watered and fruitful The chief Town is Clermont It had Earls which govern'd it till 1024. when Philip the August put an end to this Earldom upon the Rebellion of Guido the last Earl and annexed it to the Crown of France In this Province there are thirteen Towns which send their Deputies to the Assembly of the States in France Aux Auscii an Archbishoprick and a City in the County of Armagnac in France This City stands upon the River Sers which runs not far before it falls into the Garonne It is distant from Tholouse almost 20 Miles to the North-West and the Archbishoprick is esteemed one of the richest in France Auxerre Antissiodorum is a City and an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Sens upon the River Yonne Icauna which falls into the Seyne Sequana This City is large and beautiful seated in a fruitful Plain about 12 Leagues from Sens. Auxerrois a small Territory in France adjacent to Auxerre Auxois Alexiensis tractus a Bailiwick in Burgundy in France Auxone Aussona a small but very strong City of the Dukedom of Burgundy upon the River Sone from whence it has its name It is five Leagues from Dijon East and four from Dole Auzone Auzonum a small City of Auvergne in France in a mountainous Country near the River Allier Elaver which falls into the Loire It has an old Castle and is distant from Clermont ten Leagues North. Axbridge a Market-Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Winterstoke upon the River Axe Axel Axella a small but strong Town in Flanders under the Dominion of the States of Holland whose Surprisal was the first exploit of Count Maurice of Nassau Captain General of the United Provinces after his entrance upon that Employment in 1587. It stands 4 Leagues from Gant and about 6 from Antwerp West Axholm an Island made by the Rivers Trent and Dun in Lincolnshire About 10 miles in breadth and 5 in length The middle part which is the more rising ground is very fruitful and particularly of Flax. Alabaster is found in it Axmister a Market Town in Devonshire upon the River Axe the Capital of its hundred Axum Auxuma a City and heretofore the Capital of the Kingdom of Tigre in the Province of Sire in Aethiopia Ayr a small Town upon Dunbritain Frith in the South part of Scotland with a River of the same name in the Territory of Kile in which Oliver Cromwel built a strong Citadel or Fort to keep the Scotch Nation in awe Ayr Arola a small River in France which riseth in the Dukedom of Barrois and running North watereth Clermont and Varenne and at last falls into the Aisne Aza a Town in Cappadocia upon the Borders of Armenia betwixt Trebizonde and Neo-Cesaraea Azack Tanais See Asoph Azamor a Town in the Province of Duguela in the Kingdom of Marocco at the mouth of the River Ommirabi The Portugueze took it in 1508 and in 1540 they abandoned it The Moors afterwards repeopled it but being all kill'd or taken in a night by a surprize of the Portugueze it has continued desart ever since Azaotan Azaot the vast Desarts of Libya in Africa Azeca an antient Town of the Amorites in Chanaan where God Almighty rain'd down Hailstones upon them from Heaven Josh 10. 11. Rehoboam repair'd it 2. Chron. 11. 9. It was afterwards ruined in the Wars by the King of Babylon Jerem. 34. 7. Azem a Kingdom in the Terra firma of the Indies beyond Ganges in one of the most plentiful Countries of all Asia for all things necessary to human life The Capital of it is Kemmerouf 21 days journey distant from the Town Azem The People live altogether at their ease They esteem the flesh of dogs particularly above other meats selling great quantities thereof in their Markets Azores commonly call'd by English-men the Canary Islands are 7 Islands in the Atlantick Ocean not unknown to the Antients and by Pliny Solinus and others mentioned under the name of the Fortunate Islands and tho they differ as to the number yet all agree Canaria was one of them but which is most wonderful the knowledge of them was perfectly lost till 1330. when a Ship being distressed by Weather discovered them and it is not agreed whether it was an English French or Dutch Ship In 1334. the Portuguese attempted to conquer these Islands and were beaten off In 1417. Henry King of Castile granted these Isles to one John Betancourt upon condition he should hold them under the Crown of Castile and he accordingly subdued four of
Bagdad or Bagdet that part which lay on the Western side being deserted by degrees is become a heap of Rubbish This City lies in an oblong figure is great and well fortified it has a Bridge of Boats over the Tigris and a strong Castle in which the Turkish Bassa resides It has been very often taken and re-taken by the Turks and Persians The former possess'd themselves of it in 1638. after a bloody Siege in which they lost 40000 Men and have kept it ever since It lies 79. 20. Long. 35. 40. Lat. and is by many Writers mistaken for Babylon tho it lies at the distance of forty Miles from it and upon the Tigris whereas that lies upon the Euphrates Bach Bachia a small Episcopal City of the Lower Hungary under the Archbishop of Colocza upon the Danube where the River Sâ—rwizzâ— meets it This Bishoprick is united for ever to the Metropolitan See and it was in the hands of the Turks till 1686. when by the taking of Quinque Ecclesiae and the deserting of Colooza by them after Buda was taken it returned under the Obedience of the Emperor Bachian Bachianum called Bacham by the Portugals one of the Molucco Islands in the East-Indies and a distinct Kingdom small but very fruitful under the Dominion of the King of Machian from whence it lies about 30 Miles to the South and a little less from the Island of Gioli almost exactly under the Line It has a Town of the same name and a Fort belonging to the Dutch called Barnewelt Bacha Serrail or Bacie-Saray the Capital City of the lesser Tartary upon the River Kabarta and the usual residence of the Cham of the Crims Bachu a City of Albania upon the Caspian Sea in the times of the Roman Empire it is supposed to have been called Albana but there is some Controversie about it From this City the Caspian Sea is called by some Mar di Bachu § And there is also another City in Arabia Felix called by the same name in Ptolemy Backow Bachow Baccovia a City of Walachia as others of Moldavia upon the River Alauta which falls into the Danube a little above Nicopolis This was made a Bishops See by Pope Clement VIII under the Archbishop of Colocza it is in the Northern Bounds of Walachia about 25 Miles North West of Targvisco the Capital City of that Province By some called Braislow Bacras one of the Branches of Mount Taurus which rises in Cilicia a Province of Asia the less Bactriana Batter in the modern Appellation was an antient Province of Persia answering in part now to Corasan in Persia and in part to Vsbeck in Tartary divided by the River Geichon It s Capital City was Bactra hereafter mentioned by the name of Bagdasan which is of little consideration The River Bactrus of this Country has also changed its name to Buschian falling into the Geichon The antient Inhabitants had the repute of the best Soldiers in the World they were always in Arms upon the account of the Scythians their Neighbors who lived by Spoil And much addicted to Astrology Zoroaster their King being the supposed Author of that Science under the name of Magick Baeueen Baduhennae Lucus a famous Forest in Friesland one of the United Provinces mentionedby Tacitus it is still the greatest Wood in all that Province by the Common People called Seven-Wolden that is the Seven Woods It stands 3 Leagues from Groningen to the Westward towards Slote others suppose it to be meant of Coevorden a strong Town in Trans-Issillane near the River Schwart-water or Groeningen-Diep which falls near Groningen called by the Romans Virus but the most common and best supported Opinion is the first Badai a People of Tartaria Deserta adoring the Sun and some say a red Clout elevated in the Air. Badajox Pax Augusta a City of Estremadura which heretofore belonged to Portugal inthe Confines of which it stands but is now the Capital of Estremadura a Province in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain large populous and well fortified and seated on a Hill The Portugals after they had driven out the Spaniards very unfortunately attempted the Recovery of this Place in 1658. It lies 3 Leagues from Yelves to the East and 25 from Sevil to the North-West It stands upon the River Guadiana where the River Xevora falls into it on the opposite side It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella has a Bridge over the River and was heretofore a Dukedom erected by Henry IV. King of Castile Anne the Wife of Philip II. King of Spain died here in 1580. It lies in 13. d. of Long. and 38. 45. of Lat. Badara a Town in the East-Indies in a Peninsula on this side of the River Ganges upon the Coast of Malabar in the Kingdom of Calecut 6 Leagues from Calecut to the East Badascian Maracanda a City often mentioned in the Writers of the Life of Alexander the Great Tamerlane the Great was born here and had his Palace in it who much beautified it and erected here an University It belongs now to the Province Zagataja in Tartary and lies about 100 Miles North of the River Oxu A famous place for Merchandile very large and the Capital of the Eastern Tartars Chalcocondylas calls it Samarachantan and the Tartars Samarcand Badelona a Town of Catalonia in Spain call'd by Mela Baetulo once famous now a Village not far from Barcinone and about a League from a River of the same name heretofore now called Besos which falls into the Mediterranean Sea between these two Places Baden Ober Baden Aquae Castellum Aquarum Thermae superiores a Town in Switzerland between Zurich from which it is distant two Leagues and Basil from which it stands six Leagues As the Assemblies of the Cantons are usually held here this place is famed for a League treated amongst themselves in 1656. There was a general meeting of the Deputies of the 13 Suisse Cantons held here Octob. 1690. wherein they resolved in reference to the present War betwixt the Confederate Princes and France that they would maintain a Neutrality but withal secure the pass of Augst and the Bishoprick of Basle with the four Forrest Towns in which the French did pretend to take their Winter Quarters It lies upon the River Limat Limagus which a little beneath falls into the Aar Arola the greatest River in those Countries which falls into the Rhine at Waldhust a Town of Schwaben Baden Bada Thermae Inferiores a small City of Schwaben in Germany the Head of the Marquisate of that name 5 Leagues from Strasburg to the South-East 1 from the Rhine and 8 from Spire famous for its natural Baths from whence it has its name The Marquisate is of no great extent but very populous and the Villages so thick lying along the Rhine that the whole Principality is compared to one continued City Long. 28. 40. Lat. 82. 20. It is called by the Germans Margraven Baden to distinguish it from other places called by
the name of Baden The Original of the Noble Family now possessed of this Honor was from the Duke of Zering for Bertholdus I. was the Father of Hermanaus the first Founder of this Family which is now divided into two Branches the one professing the Protestant and the other the Roman Catholick Religion of the later Branch comes the present Prince Lewis who since the Death of the Duke of Lorrain has been honored by the Emperor with the general Command of all his Forces in Hungary and obtained great Victories Baden Aquae Pannoniae a Town in Austria 3 Leagues from Vienna to the South seated at the foot of the Mountains Badenoch in Latin Badenochia is a County in the North of Scotland of a barren Soil full of Mountains divided in two by a great Lake and bounded by the Counties of Murray Ross and Athol Badenweiler a City in the Province of Brisgow in Germany between Friburg and Basil yet a part of the Marquisate of Baden and famous for Hot Baths Baeotia See Boeotia Baern See Berghen Baetica one of the 3 antient parts of Spain taking its name from the River Baetis which we now call Guadalquivir See Spain It s principal Cities were Sevil and Corduba From the time that Alphonsus King of Castile was defeated here by Aben Joseph K. of Morocco in the Year 1195. the Saracens possessed it unto the Reign of Ferdinand V. Baeza Biatia a City of Andalusia It was heretofore an Episcopal City under the Archbishop of Toledo but in 1249. its Bishoprick was united by Pope Innocent IV. to that of Jaen or Gaën Glenna This City was recovered from the Moors by Ferdinand King of Castile in 1227. It was a Roman Colony then called Vrbs Baetica Here is an University erected in 1538. and the Town is large and stands upon a Hill one League from the River Guadalquivir Baffin's Bay a Gulph extended from the 70th to the 80th deg of North Lat. in the Terra Australis of America discovered by an Englishman who gives his Name to it Baffo Paphos a City in the Island of Cyprus once famous now ruin'd Bagaloag a Town upon the Frontier of Bosnia in Dalmatia under the Turks Bagamidri a Kingdom in the upper Aethiopia lying along the Nile to the West It is ordinarily divided into 17 Provinces whereof some are large enough to be Kingdoms Bagaudes a People amongst the antient Gauls They revolted twice from the Romans at the end of the third and in the Fifth Century and were each time defeated Bagaya Bagy Vaga a City of Numidia in Africa The Emperor Justinian Wall'd it and new-nam'd it Theodora from his Empress In 394. the Donatist Bishops celebrated a Council here concerning the Cause of Primianus Bishop of Carthage Bagdat or Bagdet See Bachad Bagdasan Bactra a small City at the foot of Mount Caucasus seated in a fruitful Soil much celebrated in antient times now of no Note Bagnabar See Golconde Bagnarea Balneum regis Balneo regium Novem populi so called by the order of Desiderius King of the Lombards as Paulus Diaconus saith It is an Episcopal City in S. Peters Patrimony built upon a Hill near the Lake Bolsena it stands almost in the middle between Mount Fiascone and Orvieto from which last it is not above 6 Miles distant to the South In this Place S. Bonaventure who flourished in the twelfth Century with the Title of the Seraphical Doctor was born Bagneres a Town in the County of Bigorre in Gascony in France famous for its hot Baths till 1660. when that natural Fire which heated them was extinguished by an Earthquake as Brietius saith Bagni d'Abano Fontes Aponi Aquae Petavinae a place that has Baths in the Territory of Padoua in Italy Bagni di Salviati a place not far from Cuma where Cesar the Dictator had a Country House Bagni di Tritolino a place in Campania where Cicero had a Country House not far from Puteolum To these and divers other places in Italy they gave the Pre-names of Bagni from their Baths wherein the antient Romans delighted so that P. Victor reckons 800 of them in Rome only Bagrava Galesus a small River that springs from the Apennine Hills near the City Oria in the County of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples and running Westward falls into the Bay of Taranto not far from that City which gives its Name This River is now commonly called Galeso Bahama an Island and the most rapid Channel in all America Eastward from Florida through which the Spanish Fleets pass to the Havana Baharen Ichara Tylus an Island in the Persian Gulph Others say it is Carge another Island in the same Gulph over against the mouth of the River Euphrates that the Ancients meant by these Names It is called by others Elchadr Bahar-Eunil one of the Branches of the Nile in Aethiopia Bahar-Zocoroph the Persian Gulph Bahar-Rumi the Mediterranean Sea Bahia de todos los Santos the same with S. Salvador in Brasil Bahuys Bahusium a strong Castle situated in a small Island made by the River Trolhetta which falls a little lower into the Baltick Sea It heretofore belonged to the Kingdom of Denmark but in 1658. was taken by the King of Sweden together with the County of the same Name It stands two Danish Miles from Gottenburg towards the North. This Castle was built by Hakin IV. King of Norway in 1309. surrendred by Treaty to the Swedes in 1660 who before were in Possession of it attempted by the Danes in 1678. but without any good Success The Province in which it lies is bounded on the East with West Gotlandt on the West by the Baltick Sea and by the County of Aggerhuis towards the North. It lies 100 Miles in length from the North to the South but it is not above 30 Miles broad and in many places but 15. It has besides the Castle I mentioned a Town called Malstrano This Territory was yielded to the Swedes by the Treaty of Roschild in 1658. Baja Baiae a City of Campania in Italy now ruined It was the delight of the antient Romans Separated from Pozzuoli by an Arm of the Tyrrhenian Sea about 2 Leagues over which the Emperor Caligula cover'd with a famous Bridge passing and repassing the same in Triumph The noble Rests yet extant discover that it has been a very magnificent Place Since the times of Christianity an Episcopal Chair was placed and settled in it till its ruine was effected by Earthquakes Bajaria Eleutherus a River of Sicily It falls into the Mediterranean Sea 8 Miles East of Palermo and the River Oreto on the Western side of the Island Baicadul Batancaesarea a City of the East-Indies within Ganges Baida a Region of Tartary the Desart See Badai Baieux a City and Bishops See under the Archbishop of Roan in Normandy in France upon the River Aure which a little lower buries itself under ground It stands not above 2 Miles from the Brittish Sea towards the South The College of Bajeux at
County of Carnarvan in Wales upon the River Menay call'd by the Latin Authors Bangorium and Bangoria This Bishoprick is of so antient a foundation that we do not find its Original The Cathedral is dedicated by the name of S. Daniel who was Bishop here about the Year 516. From which time to the 11th Century that Hernaeus filled the See we have no Account of the succession In 1496. Henry Deane Bishop repair'd the Cathedral after it had been defaced by the Rebel Owen Glendower In 1541. Arthur Bulkeley Bishop reduced the Bishoprick to a low Condition by unworthy sales and alienations The Diocese contains the County of Carnarvan with parts of Denbigh Merioneth and Montgomery and the whole Isle of Anglesey Banjaluth Blandona a large and well fortified Town in Bosnia near the Mountains under the Dominion of the Turks upon the River Cetina Banjans a People universally scattered over the Provinces of the Indies but most numerous in the Kingdom of Guzurate and notorious for worshiping the Devil together with a God as the author of all the Evils of this Life under a frightful Figure represented to them to pacifie him and engage him in their Favor In some things they are Mahometan like in others divided amongst themselves into Sects greater or less almost innumerable according as they affect their particular Superstitions The Europeans use them for Managers and Interpreters in their Dealings with the Indians Banara a City of the East-Indies in the Kingdom of Bengala upon the River Ganges under the Dominion of the Great Mogul about 40 Miles from Gouro to the North and 100 from Halavassa towards the South Probably the same with Benares See Benares Banny or Ban Argita one of the largest Rivers of the Kingdom of Ireland It ariseth in the County of Downe in the Province of Vlster and having entertained some other Rivers it falls into the vast Lake of Neaugh afterwards dividing the County of Colrane on the West of it from that of Antrim on the East it falls into the Caledonian Ocean a little below Colrane Castle This River divides the Province of Vlster into two parts but Mr. Camden is rather of Opinion that the Latin Name belongs to the Swilly another great River in the same Province but a little more to the West than this Bantam a very great City and a famous Mart and Sea Port in the Island of Java in the East-Indies and the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name This City is seated at the foot of an Hill 18 Leagues from the City of Batavia towards the West upon a narrow Passage call'd the Streights of Bantam right over against the Island of Sumatra It has a very good Harbor belonging to it called the Sound and was much frequented by the European Merchants especially the English and Dutch The Kingdom of Jacatra is subject to this Prince and he has often made War with the Dutch with reasonable good Success till about the Year 1684. A Son of the King of Bantam rebelling against his Father called the Dutch to his Assistance by which means the Dutch possessed themselves of Bantam seized the English Factory and their Effects and made themselves sole Masters of that Trade The Controversie between them and the English not being determined to this day The old King in the mean time was kept a Prisoner first at Bantam afterwards in the Castle of Batavia whither he was conducted in November 1687 with a formal Solemnity and there lodged with his Wife and some Slaves to attend him Bantry a Bay in the Province of Munster in Ireland where Admiral Herbert now Earl of Torrington engaged the French Fleet May 1 1689 upon their arrival with Succors for Ireland which however were landed the day after Banya Rivuli Puellarum a Town of Transylvania 6 Leagues from Bestercze to the West not far from the Confines of the Upper Hungary Banza See S. Salvador in Africa Bapalme Balma a strong Town in Artois seated upon a rising Ground in the Borders of Picardy This Town has been in the hands of the French ever since the Year 1641. It was yielded to them by the Pyrenaean Treaty in 1659. It stands at an equal distance from Peron a Town of Picardy towards the South and Arras towards the North. Bar a strong Town in Podolia having a Castle built upon an Hill and surrounded with Marshes which contribute very much to its defence It stands upon the River Kow 18 Polonian Miles from Caminieck to the East and as many from Barklow towards the West This Town is under the Turks Bar or Barrois a Dukedom of France betwixt Champagne and Loraine incorporated after divers Revolutions by the Concession of the Pyrenaean Treaty as the French interpret it in 1659 with the Crown of that Kingdom It s Capital City is Barle Duc. It lies on each side the Meuse which divided it heretofore into the Royal and Ducal Barrois both then belonging to the House of Loraine they doing Homage to the King of France for the same Bar sur Aube a fine Town in Champagne in France but ill pav'd it has its name from the River Albula Aube on which it stands upon the foot of an Hill in a very pleasant Country about 8 Leagues from Arâ—is towards the South and as many from Troys towards the South-West and 7 from Chastillon towards the North-East This place is in much esteem for the delicious Wine the Country yields Bar sur Seyne a small City in the Dukedom of Burgundy in the Confines of Champagne seated in a Mountainous Country about 5 Miles West of Bar sur Aube Bara a Town in the Province of Gorga in the Upper Aethiopia near the Lake of Zaflan Barampour a City of the East-Indies under the Dominion of the Mogul in the Kingdom of Candis It lies 100 Miles from Surat towards the East upon the River Tapi this Place is called by others Barampore and heretofore Baramatis as Herbert saith Baranateta the Name of a City and Kingdom in the Asian Tartary Barathrum a deep Pit in Attica in Greece contrived with Iron Spikes and Tenters for a place of Execution throwing the Malefactors Headlong into it in antient times Barbadoes one of the most considerable Plantations which the English have upon the Caribby Islands it lies in 13. d. 20. m. Northern Lat. and 321. of Long about 8 Leagues in length and 5 in breadth and inhabited by 50000. English besides Negros who are three times their number This Island was first discovered to the English by Sir William Curteen in the Reign of James I. but was then wholly desolate The English soon after Planted it and were driven at first to great Extremities because Ships came very rarely and slowly thither from England till having about the Year 1627. raised some Tobacco Indico Cotton-Wool and Fustick-Wood and after that falling into the Sugar Trade its Reputation and Wealth increased And this Colony which for a long time subsisted by the courtesie or
negligence of the Spaniards grew so strong and numerous that all their after Attempts signified nothing Their Sugars which at first were coarse and would quickly melt if not spent are now improved to a great Perfection This Island is not well Watered with Rivers or fresh Springs yet lying now they want not that Element being supplied by Pools Ponds and Cisterns It is very fruitful and enjoys a perpetual Summer Hot but cooled by the Briezes which rise with the Sun and blow fresher as the Sun gets higher The chief Town of this Island is S. Michaels situate at the bottom of Carlisle Bay in the Southern part of the Island where Ships have a very secure Harbor Barbara a small Village in the Island of Sicily but once a City of great Fame and much taken notice of by Greek and Latin Writers under the several names of Aegesta Egesta Acesta and Segesta c. It lies 22 Miles from the Promontory and City of Drepanum now called Trapano to the North-West and 40 from Palermo upon the Western Shoar of the Island near it runs a small River which now beareth the name of S. Bartholomew Barbary Barbaria a large Country in the Western part of Africa lying a considerable length from East to West but not of equal breadth it is bounded on the North by the Mediterranean Sea on the East by Egypt on the West by the Atlantick Ocean and on the South by the Atlantick Mountains which separate it from Biledulgeridia In the times of the Roman Empire this vast Tract of Land was divided into divers Provinces viz. Mauritania Tingitana Casariensis Sitifensis Numidia Africa propria Byzacena Tripolitana Marmorica and Cyreniaca it is now divided into the Kingdoms of Fez Morocco Algiers Constantine antiently Cirta Tunis and Tripoly with the Territory of Barcana This Country was in antient times subject to the Commonwealth of Carthage and the great Kings of Mauritania and Numidia after it fell into the Romans Possession I have shew'd how they divided it Here was a most flourishing Church till the 5 Century in the begining of which the Vandals then Arians entered it and brought in their Heresie with them but that which more effectually contributed to the ruin of Christianity here was the Conquest of it by the Moors in 647 when one Hucha a famous General whom Osmen the Third Caliph of the Saracens imployed to that purpose finally expell'd the Romans and ever since the Moors have possessed it who being the most enraged Enemies of Christianity that ever professed the Mahometan Law have so far extirpated Christianity that there is very few if any of the Inhabitants of this vast Tract of Land which profess it Barbela a River in the Kingdom of Congo in Africa which falls into the River Zaire which washeth the Walls of S. Saviour or Banza the Capital of this Kingdom Barbenzon Barbentio a Principality in Hainaut Barberino Barberinum a small Town in Tuscany in Italy from whence the Noble Family of the Barberines receive their name of which Family Pope Vrban VIII was who succeeded Gregory XV. and sate 21. Years viz. from 1623. to 1644. This small Town is built upon an Hill in the Road between Florence and Siena 16 Miles from the former toward the South Barbowyna Berbis a Village of the lower Hungary where the Ruins of an antient Roman Town are yet seen upon the Drave 3 German Miles from Quinque Ecclesiae towards the South Barbuda or Barbada one of the Caribby Islands in America under the English but of no very great Account It is in length 15 Miles Lat. North 17. d. â— Barca Marmorica a small Kingdom in Africa on the West of Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea under the Empire of the Turks But there is no Town of any note in it there is adjoining to it a Desart called by the same name Barceâ— Barcetum a Castle in the Dukedom of Parma between the Rivers of Parma and Taro and the Apennine 22 Miles from Parma toward the South and 16 from Pentremoli There was antiently a very famous Monastery built here by the Kings of the Lombards Barcelona Barcino a City of Catalonia in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona and an University it has an excellent Port upon the Mediterranean Sea well Traded and also a Castle This City is the Capital of that Province and esteemed one of the best Cities of Spain Built by Hamilcar a Carthaginian and called by his Punick Sirname of Barca In the Year of our Lord 805. it was recovered out of the hands of the Moors by S. Lewis King of France it is seated between the outlet of the River Badelona Baetulo which runs on the Eastern sides and that of Lobregat Rubicatus which at the distance of 2 Miles on the Eastern side falls into the Mediterranean Sea It stands 12 Leagues from Tarragona East and 16 from â—â—rona towards the South and 13 from Ossuna Taken by the French in 1640 but returned under the Spaniard in 1652 after a very sharp Siege This City was Honored with the Title of an Earldom by Lewis the Good after he had taken it from the Saracens Charles the Gross gave this Earldom to Godfrey d'Arria for his Service against the Normans and his Heirs after the Death of Raimond the last Earl it was united to the Kingdom of Arragon in 1162. There were 3 small Councils celebrated in this City one in 540. one in 603. and the last in 1064. James II. King of Arragon died here in 1327 Alfonsus IV. in 1336. and John II. in 1479. Barcelonette a Town and Valley in Provence heretofore now in the Dominions of the Duke of Savoy Built or rebuilt by Raimond V. Earl of Provence in 1231 who called it by this name in memory that his Ancestors came into Provence from Barcelona in Spain Barcelor a City of the East-Indies under the Dominion of the King of Bisnagar upon the Sea Shoar between Goa and Canora It lies in almost 15 d. of Northern Lat. and Long. 105. This City was some time under the Portuguese but is now recovered bythe King of Bisnagnar a potent Indian Prince It was also heretofore the Capital of a distinct Kingdom Barcelos Celiobriga a small Town in Portugal Honored with the Title of a Dukedom It lies in the County of Entre Douro é minho upon the River Cavado which not far from thence falls into the Atlantick Ocean 6 Leagues North of Porto and 4 West of Braga Barcena Coloe a Marsh in Aethiopia out of which ariseth the River of Astapus as Ptolomy saith Bardewic a most antient City in Saxony within a Mile of Lunenburg said to be built 990 Years before the coming of our Saviour Bardi a People amongst the antient Gauls in very great Esteem with them for Poetry and Musick supposed to dwell about Montbard or Mont-Barri in Latin Mons Bardorum a Mountain in the Territory of Auxois in Burgundy which still retains their Name Bardt a
small Town in Pomerania in Germany upon the Baltick Sea which has yet a large Haven and a very fine Castle and a Lordship belonging to it near the River Bart. This place was yielded to the Swedes by the Treaty of Munster in 1647. taken by the Elector of Brandenburgh but restored to them again in 1679. it lies 3 German Miles from the Borders of the Dukedom of Mecklebourg and at the same distance from Damgarden towards the North-East and about 8 from Berghen in the Isle of Rugia to the West Bareyt a well built Town very handsom in Franconia in Germany The ordinary Residence of the Marquess of Brandenburg who has a noble Castle here Bargemon Bargemonum a Town in Provence in France 5 Leagues from the Sea in the Diocese of Freius upon a fertile little Hill heretofore one of the Apannages belonging to the Cadets of the House of the Earls of Provence It is now observable for a miraculous Image of the B. Virgin whose History is written by Lewis Sylvacane Barwick See Berwick Bari Barium a City in the Kingdom of Naples in a Province of the same name called Terra di Bari which has been long Honored with the Title of a Dutchy it is an Archbishops See well fortified and has an indifferent good Haven upon the Adriatick about 20 Miles distant from Poliano to the South-East and Trani to the North-West It has its name as Festus writes from Bara a small Island near Brindisi Brundusium the Inhabitants thereof building this City The Body of S. Nicolas Bishop of Myra in Lycia one of the Fathers who opposed Arius in the first Council of Nice is preserved in this City P. Vrban II. celebrated a Council here in 1098. in which Anselme Archbishop of Canterbury disputed the cause of the procession of the Holy Ghost and of the Union of the Eastern Church with the Western against the Greeks The Terra di Bari is a part of the antient Apulia Peucetia upon the gulph of Venice betwixt the Basilicate and Terra di Otranto Barilliana an Island at the mouth of the Danube Barjols Barjolum a Town and Bailywick in Provence in France in a very fruitful soil adorn'd with a Collegiat Church since the Year 1060. During the Civil Wars of France the Protestants took it in 1562. Those of the League retook it in 1590. Barking a Market Town in the County of Essex in the hundred of Becontree Barkshire See Berkshire Barkway a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the hundred of Edwinstree Barle-Duc a neat and beautiful City the Capital of the Dukedom of Barrois built by Frederick I. Duke of Loraine in 951 upon the River Ornain about 15 Miles from Nancy to the West and thirteen from Chaalons heretofore under the Dukes of Loraine but now incorporated into the Province of Champagne in France Barletta Barolum or Barulum a City situate in or near the place of the old Canusium in Apulia Peucetia in Italy an Haven or Sea-Port reckoned for one of the four strong Holds of Italy in the middle Ages It lies upon the Adriatick Sea about 24 Miles West of Bari 4 South of the Outlets of the River of Ofanto A large and beautiful City and the Seat of the titular Archbishop of Nazareth Barlinguas Erythiae a knot of small Islands upon the Coast of Portugal call'd by various names They lie between the C. de Rocca to the South and the C. de Mondego to the North and not above 2 Leagues from the Shores of Estremadura Barmach an extraordinary high mountain in the Province of Schirvan in Persia The ruines of several Fortresses appear upon it supposed to have been built by Alexander M. and demolished by Tamerlane Barnagasso one of the Kingdoms of Aethiopia which pays yearly to the Turks 1000 Ounces of Gold It s Capital City is Barva Barnavelt's Island in the Magellanique Sea was discovered by the Hollanders in 1616. It stands near Terra del fuego and the Streights of le Maire Barnet a Town in Hartfordshire memorable for a bloody engagement here betwixt the Houses of Lancaster and York wherein the latter carried the Victory It affords medicinal Waters Barnesley a Market-Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the hundred of Staincross Barnstaple a Market Town in Devonshire in the hundred of Branton upon the River Taw over which it has a spacious Bridge It sends 2 Burgesses to the Parliament Baroche a Town in the Kingdom of Guzerate in the Empire of the Great Mogul The English enjoy a good settlement in it Barra a small Kingdom in Guinea in Africa the King of which was engaged by the Dutch in 1663. to fall upon the English Factory there There is also a Town in Palestine call'd by this name Barrant a Marquisate in the Province of Guienne in France § Also a Fort upon the Frontiers of Dauphine and Savoy one League from Montmelian Storm'd and taken by the Duk. de Lesdignieres in 1528. Barrois See Bar. Barrab Arabia Petraea Barow a River of the Province of Leinster in Ireland which ariseth in Queens County in the Mountains of Sliew Bloemy and running Southward washeth the Eastern Side of Caterlagh and Laighlin after which it receives from the West another great River call'd Neure which divides Kilkenny a little further to the South it entertains the Sewer which watereth the Walls of Waterford and being thus augmented it entereth the British Sea about 20 Miles West of Cape Carn the South-Eastern Point of Ireland Bart Alisus Bardum See Barde Bartas a small Territory in the Province of Armaynac in France near Aux William de Saluste the famous du Bartas a Huguenot born in Gascoigne in 1545. and Author of the Poem of the Worlds Creation received his title from hence Barton a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the hundred of Yarborough upon the River Humber over against Hull Barva a City of Abyssinia near the River Marabu The Capital of the Kingdom of Barnagasso Basil Basilea written in two of the Lives of Charles the Great Basla in after times Basula and Basala by Cluverius Artalbinum It was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Besanzon after the ruin of Augusta Rauracorum which happened about the Year 800. Now the Principal City of Switzerland It has its name from Basiliana the Mother of Julian the Apostate but Valesius thinks the name rather taken from the River on which it stands which he supposeth was then so call'd It has a pleasant Situation and is adorned with many magnificent Structures and Churches watered by many sweet Fountains blessed with an healthful Air a valiant People and plenty of all things Very antient as being said to be ruin'd by the Almains in the Year 260. and suffered much in after-times from the Huns. It was beloved by Henry I. and II. In the Year 1368. much enlarged by Frederick Blackenheim Bishop of Strasburg and Administrator of the Diocese of Basil who first obtain'd a Charter of Freedom for it in the Year 1392. it was
made an Hanse Town One of the greatest things of antient Times which has made it famous was the General Council held here under Sigismond the Emperor and by several sessions continued from the Year 1431. to 1443. where it was decreed that a General Council was above the Pope Therefore Eugenius IV. dissolved it and convocated another at Ferrara They refused to dissolve deposed Eugenius and elected Faelix V. Pope The same Council established the pragmatick Sanction that the Gallican Church received in 1438. in the presence of Charles VII This City taught the rest of the Cantons the way of Leaguing and Uniting for the Pope having excommunicated Lewis the Bavarian Emperor of Germany the City of Basil persevered in the Service of that Prince and was for it excommunicated too whereupon they threw the Popes Legat into the Rhine and to secure themselves entered into a League with Zurich and Bearn and other of the Principal Cities in 1327. This City embraced the Reformation in 1529. It is one of the most celebrated Universities in Christendom which was opened here by Pius II. Ann. Dom. 1459. The Art of making Paper was first found in this City in 1470. by Anthony and Michael Gallicion This gave great encouragement to Printers the first of which was Bernard Richel who began to Print here in 1478. This City stands upon the Rhine which runs through it 6 Miles from Fribourg 18 from Constance to the West 12 from Zurich 38 from Ausbourg 14 from Strasbourg Long. 29. 15. Lat. 47. 25. Basilicata is a small County on the East of Campania in the Kingdom of Naples Taken out of Campania by Alphonsus King of Naples 33 Miles in length and 10 in breadth and was antiently the Seat of the Picentini a Colony of the Piceni dwelling on the Adriatick Sea It is bounded on the North by the Territory of Bari and part of Otranto on the East by the Gulph of Taranto on the West by Principato and on the South by Calabria The chief City of this Province is Cirenza which stands near the Foot of the Apennine it is a barren and not well inhabited Country Basiligorod See Vasiligorod Basingstoke a Market-Town and a great Thorough-fair in the County of Southampton The chief of its Hundred The Marquess of VVinchester now Duke of Bolton has a noble Seat hard by it Basques or Païs de Basques the French Biscaye a Territory in the Province of Gascoigne comprehending the lower Navarre Soule and Labour It was the Country of the antient Vascones or Bascones that came out of Spain and invaded it Roger Hovedon calls them Basclos It is certain that they were a distinct People and spoke a different Language from the Gascones according to De Marca Basra a Town in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa near the River Lucus 30 Miles distant from Sala towards the east and not far from the Province of Asgar Bassento Bussento Acheron a River of Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples it runs near Cosenza the principal City of Calabria near which it falls in the River Grati which falls into the Bay of Taranto In the Bed of this River Alaricus king of the Goths was buried as Jornandes writeth Bass a small Island not far from Edenburg famous for the great quantity of Geese that frequent it at certain seasons There is a Castle in it standing upon a Rock that is Iriaccessable Basianello a small Town in S. Peters Patrimony in Italy towards the Confluence of the Ner a and the Tiber which is here cover'd with a Stone-bridg The Lake antiently call'd Lacus Vadimonis where P. Cornelius Dolabella Consul gain'd a Victory over the Thuscans and Gauls in the year of Rome 471. lyes in the Neighbourhood of this place Bassano a Town in the Marca Trevisana in the States of Venice upon the River Brenta La Bassee a Town in Flanders upon the Frontiers of Artois and the River Deule Yielded to the French by the Peace of Aix la Chapelle in 1668. Bassigni a County in Champagne towards the Sources of the Marne and the Meuse It s capital Town is Chaumont Bastia the chief Town in Corsica with a good Fortress and Haven to it The Genoiiese Governour ordinarily resides here Bastick a small Town in Epirus where they usually embark for Constantinople Bastillca a Country in the Island of Corsica Le Bastion de France a City near Hippo now Bonne in Barbary in Africa deserted by the French in 1658. Bastoigne Belsonacum is a Town in the Dukedom of Luxembourgh near the Forrest of Ardenne 3 Leagues from Neuf-Chateau and from Luxembourg It is well so built and peopled that those of the Country call it ordinarily Paris in Ardenne Basure a River of the South America falling into the River of Amazons in the Country belonging to the Charibes Indians Batavi See Holland Batavia a City in Java an Island in the East-Indies built by the Dutch in the Year 1619. It is very strongly Fortified seated in a Fruitful Plain and well Traded so that it is now thought one of the principal Cities of that part of the World It has a Castle with a good Garrison and the General Governour of the Affairs of the Dutch East-India Company for the most part resides here This City stands 18 Leagues from Bantam to the East and 60 from Materan to the West The Kings of Bantam made War many years together against it and in 1659. besieged it but without any success which however much hindred the Growth and Lustre of this City There is also a River in the Terra Australis to which the Dutch have given the same Name Batenbourg a Town and Citadel in the Dutchy of Gelderland in the Low Countries Two Leagues from Nimeguen The cruel Duke D' Alva Beheaded Two Brothers Barons of this Place in 1598. saying The Jole of one Salmon was more valuable than a number of little Fishes Bath Aquae Solis is a City of Somersetshire situate upon the River Avon which is mentioned both by the Greek and Latin Geographers It is seated in a small low Plain environ'd round about with Hills of almost an equal height out of which many Springs continually fall into the Valley to the great Benefit of the Inhabitants Within this City are three Springs of Hot Water of a blewish Colour sending up from them some thin Vapors and a strong Odour These Springs are very Medicinal and cure many Diseases They say Minerva the Goddess of Baths and Fountains had a Temple Consecrated to her in the Roman times where the Abby stands now Many Roman Inscriptions and Figures in Ingravery appear upon the Wells about the Town It was taken from the Britains by Cewalin King of the West-Saxons in 577. In the Reign of VVilliam Rufus it was sacked and burnt John de Villula de Tours Bishop of VVells removed the Soe to this place in the Reign of Henry I. but retain'd also the Title of VVells The most Noble and Loyal John Greenvil
was created Earl of Bath in the 19th of Charles I. Aug. 13. 1643. His Father Sir Bevil Greenvil having been slain at Landsdown near this City by the Rebels It stands 15 Miles East of Bristol Long. 20. 16. Lat. 51. d. 21. m. Bathon a Valley in Macedonia where the Antients believed the Gyants Combated with the Gods Pausanias says they used to represent the manner of this Fight in some Sacrifices Baticala a small City of the East-Indies the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name the Prince whereof is a Tributary to the King of Bisnagar tho it is very small yet it has a capacious Haven § There is another of the same Name in the Island Ceylan which is the Capital of a Kingdom there and lately fallen into the Hands of the Hollanders Baticano a Promontory in Calabria in the Maps sometimes call'd Vaticano Battel a Town in Sussex Remarkable in the English History for the Victory of William the Conquerour here obtain'd over King Harold Octob. 14. 1066. In memory whereof he built an Abbey of the Name call'd Battel-Abbey It is a Market-Town in Hastings Rape Batter a large Province in Asia heretofore call'd Bactriana which see Batta a Province of the Kingdom of Congo in Africa Batten or Button an Island in the Indian Ocean to the West of the Island of Macassar Los Batuecos a People in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain inhabiting the Mountains betwixt Salamanca and Corica They are believed to descend from the Goths Bavais Bagacum Bagacum Nerviorum a very antient Town in Hainault in Flanders about 4 Leagues from Valenciennes and 6 from Mons. It was twice burnt in the last Age and repair'd again The Cerque Aqueduct and Inscriptions here are sufficient marks of its Antiquity It stands upon the little River Osneau Bavari Boij Bojares the first of the antient Germans that passed the Alps and fixed their Standards upon the Banks of Tiber. They carried their victorious Arms even into Greece beyond the Hellespont These were the antient Inhabitants of Bavaria See Bavaria Baudisten a Town in Lusatia a Territory belonging to the Elector of Saxony between Misnia and Bohemia where the Governour resides Bauge a small Town in Anjou in France where Charles VIII then Dolphin obtain'd a signal Victory against the English commanded by the Duke of Clarence who was there slain in 1420. It stands 3 Leagues from La Fleche upon the River Covesnon Built by the old Earls of Anjou § Another in the Province of Bresse in the same Kingdom giving the Title of a Marquess besides its Name to a Family who have been the Sovereigns of Bresse above 400 years In Latin Balgiacum the other Balgium Baugenci Balgentiacum a Town upon the Loyre In the Province of Orleans betwixt Blois and Orleans In 1152. a Council here Assembled to take Cognisance of the degree of Parentage betwixt Lewis VII King of France and Eleanor his Wife Dutchess of Guienne Daughter to William X. the last Duke of Aquitain which said Degree of Parentage rendred their Marriage nulland void from the beginning pronounced sentence of Divorce betwixt them whereupon the said Princess remarried to Henry Duke of Normandy afterwards Henry II. King of England and in her Right Aquitane fell to the Crown of England In 1428. the English took Baugenci under the Command of the Earl of Salisbury but abandoned it to the French the the Year after For some time it continued under particular Sovereigns who bought and sold it till the Year 1543. by arrest of Parliament it was united to the Demains of the Crown of France Baulme a Town in the higher Burgundy or Franche Comte 2 small Leagues from hence you see a natural deep and spacious Cave in the Earth which furnishes the Country with continual Ice in the Summer and in the Winter flows with Water Bauman a vast Cave in the County of Regenstein in the lower Saxony where they find numbers of Bones of divers Animals and sometimes of Men as big as Gyants Bautrey a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Strafford Bautzen Budisinum the principal Town of Lusatia in Germany seated upon the River Sprew 7 Leagues from Dresden East This place being attacked by the Duke of Saxony in the Year 1634 Goltz the Governor for the Emperor firing the Suburbs to give the Enemy a stop the fire in the confusion seized the Town and burnt it all down many Persons perishing in the Flames This place was thereupon left to the Elector of Saxony who is still possessed of it but before it was a Free and Imperial City Bayonue Baiona Boiatum a very large rich strong City seated upon the River Adour about 2 Leagues from the Sea in the Confines of the Kingdoms of France and Spain honored with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ausch and has a large Haven on the Brittish Sea It stands 6 Leagues from the Confines of Spain 7 from Dax to the West and 30 from Bourdeaux to the South There was a famous Congress in this City between Charles IX with Catharine de Medices his Mother and Elisabeth Sister of Charles Wife to Philip II. King of Spain in which an Agreement was closely made between the two Crowns to ruin the Protestant Religion both in France and the Low Countries which was followed by Rivers of Human Blood shed on that account this was in the Year 1566 and mentioned by Thuanus and Grotius § Also a Town in the Kingdom of Galicia in Spain near the mouth of the River Minho which falls into the Atlantick Ocean betwixt it and Lima. Baux a Town in Provence in France giving the Title of a Marquiss it is situated upon a Rock with a good Castle thereto near Arles There is an illustrious House of this Name in Provence and it is uncertain whether that has denominated the Castle of Baux or the Castle it Babaria called by the Germans Beyeren a Dukedom in Germany the second Circle in the Empire having its name from the Avares a People of the Huns who possessed this Country It is also call'd Bojaria from the Boii of France who once dwelt here And in the times of the Roman Empire Noricum Bounded on the North by Franconia on the West by Schwaben on the South by the Italian Alpes and on the the East by Austria and Bohemia Before the Treaty and Peace of Westphalia it had lesser Bounds but then it was not only raised in Honor the Duke of Bavaria being made the VIII Elector but enlarged as to its Extent This Country had Kings after it was Conquered from the Romans to the times of Arnolphus the Emperour and S. Lewis is said to have declared his Son Lewis King of Bavaria in the Year 817. From those times to ours they have had Dukes the first was Arnolphus slain by the Normans about the Year 891. The greatest part of this Country is Fruitful and well cultivated and has many noble and stately Cities the principal of
the Sambre Beaumont le Vicomte a small City in the Dukedom of Maine which has the Honor to be a Dukedom it lies in the middle between Mayenne and Alenzon upon the River Sarte And having formerly been a Viscounty for that reason retains this name Beaune a Town in Burgundy famous for the excellent Wines it yields In Latin Belna it stands upon the River Burgeoise 4 Leagues from the Sone betwixt Dijon Autun and Chalon Lewis XII built it a Castle there is a great number of Churches and Monasteries in it and particularly the Hospital is one of the finest Structures in the Kingdom Beaute was heretofore a Royal Castle upon the Maine near the Wood of Vincennes belonging to the Kings of France and Honored with this name because it deserved it Charles V. King of France died here in 1380. Some Ruins of it are yet to be seen Beauvais Caesaromagus a City of the Isle of France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rheims the Bishop is one of the 12 Peers of France it is well fortified and the Capital of a Diocese of the same name and stands upon the River Terrain 16 Leagues from Paris towards the North 18 from Abbeville and 16 from Roan towards the East In 1114. Conon Bishop of Palestine the Popes Legate held a Council here which Excommunicated the Emperor Henry V. This Country of Beauvoisis was the Seat of the antient Bellovaci so honourably mentioned by Julius Cesar Beauvois Bilumnum a Village in Savoy Bechir Ligir a River of Boetia now called by the Turks Seramulipa Bechires an antient People of Scythia who came with Attila into Italy and further we have no account of them but that of their hard drinking of the Wine there Bechria the Lower Aegypt Beckles a Market-Town in Suffolk in the Hundred of Wangford upon the Banks of the River Waveney The Grammar School here is endowed with 10 Schollarships for Emanuel College in Cambridge Becsangial Bithynia a Province of the Lesser Asia Bed the Mountains of the Moon in Aethiopia Bedal a Market-Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Hang East upon the River Swale and a small Stream there falling into it Bedalac Lethes a River of Andalusia commonly called Guadalete it falls into the Ocean at Cadis Bedford Lactodurum or Lactodorum one of the most antient Towns in England being mentioned by Antoninus It stands on both sides of the River Ouse which is here covered with a Stone Bridge This Town is more to be commended for its pleasant Situation and Antiquity than for the Beauty or Greatness of it though it has 5 Churches It is the Principal or County Town so it sends 2 Burgesses to Parliament In the Year 572. the Saxons under Cuthwolf defeated the Britains near this place Afterwards it gave the Title of Duke to John of Lancaster Son to Henry IV. and Brother to Henry V. who was the Regent of France under Henry VI. The same Title was continued to Jaspar of Hatfield Uncle to Henry VII The Honorable William Russel and his Ancestors have born the Title of Earls of Bedford ever since the third Year of Edward VI. Bedfordshire is bounded on the East and South by Cambridgeshire and Hertfordshire on the Westby Buckinghamshire and on the North by Northamtonshire and Huntingtonshire The River Ouse divides it into 2 parts the North parts of it are most fruitful and better Wooded the Southern parts tho leaner yet are not altogether barren but yield good Crops of Barley Sir John Russel Comptroller of the Houshold to Henry VIII was created a Baron in 1538. and Earl of Bedford by Edw. VI. in 1548 whose descendent William the fifth Earl of this Family now enjoys it Bediford a Market-Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Shebbear the Earl of Bath has a Noble Seat here It stands upon the River Towridge Bedovins a wild People dwelling in the several quarters of the Desarts of Arabia in Tents whence heretofore they got the name of Scenitae and not to be perswaded by any Invitations to settle in Towns They divide themselves into Tribes and Families and take their quarters accordingly under their respective Chiess but their principal business is to rob the Caravans that go to Mecca for which attempts they are provided with Horse and Arms. Befo rt a strong Town in Alsatia in the Territory of Suntgow 4 Leagues from Pfirt to the West and about 7 from Basil to the West also This was yielded to the French by the Treaty of Munster heretofore the head of an Earldom Behemerland the Kingdom of Bohemia Behemerwald a part of the Hercynian Forest lying in Bohemia Behenhauseu a Town of Schwaben in the Dukedom of Wirtemberg Beja a City of Portugal antiently called Pax Julia it lies in the Province of Entre-tejoe Guadiana near the River Odiarca which falls into the Guadiana well built fortified and has the Title of a Dukedom it stands 2 Leagues from the Guadiana towards the West called Pacca by the Moors Bejar a Village of the Kingdom of New Castile in Spain upon the River Madera in the Borders of the Kingdom of Murcia searce 2 Leagues from Alcaraz to the East This is most propably thought to be the Roman Bigerra Bejar de Melena a ruined City of Andaluzia in Spain Some take it to be the Mellaria of the Antients which was the Birth-place of the excellent Geographer Pomponius Mela. Beila or Beia a Town in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa thought to be the Bulla regia of the Antients It has the happiness to stand in a Soil that is so exceeding fruitful that the People say there if they had two Beia's there would be as many Grains of Corn in Africa as Grains of Sand in the Sea Beilstein Bilistinum a small Town in the Province of Weteraw in Germany bearing the Title of an Earldom It s Situation is betwixt Marpurg Nassau and Coblentz Bein Elnabarim the Persian Gulph Beira a very large Province upon the Sea-Coast of Portugal accounted 130 Miles long and 95 broad and divided into 6 Counties the chief City whereof is Coimbra The same was the Seat of those antient People of Spain called Transcedani says Vasconcellos Belac a Town in the Province of Marche in France under the generality of Limoges upon the little River Vincon which receives here below the Seve and the Basile Belay Belica a City that heretofore belonged to the Duke of Savoy but in 1601. was taken from him by Henry IV. It is the Head of the Territory of Baugey and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Besancon it stands upon a rising Ground near the River Rhosne not above 12 Miles from Lyons towards the East 10 from Grenoble to the North and 12 from Geneva Beltingham a Market-Town in Northumberland in Tindale Ward Belvais and Belbes Pelusium was a City seated upon the most Eastern Branch of the Nile towards Palestine Though this City is intirely ruined and another called Damiata or Damietta
have heard saith M. Baudrand from the Archbishop of Durazzo Bendarmasin a City and Kingdom in the Southern part of the Island of Borneo in the East-Indies about 3 Degrees from the Line on the West Bene a small Town in Piedmont sometime bearing the Title of an Earldom The Spaniards besieg'd it in 1553. unsuccesfully its Fortifications have been ruined since Benevento Beneventum a City of the Principatus Vlterior in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Archbishops See belonging to the Pope upon the River Sabato where it takes in the River Tamora built by Diomedes together with Arpi a City of Apulia and called the Colony of Concordia by Frontinus It lies 28 Miles from Capua to the East and 32 from Naples to the North-East This was the Country of those two antient Grammarians the Orbilii Victor III. and Gregorius VIII Popes were born here Not far from it Manfred King of Sicily was slain in the Year 1266. by Charles Duke of Anjou This City was granted to Leo IX by Henry IV. in exchange for Bamberg in the Year 1053. when he came into Italy to be Crowned It was one of the 18 Colonies which continued faithful to the Romans against Hannibal ruined afterwards by Totila and rebuilt by the Lombards who made it a Dukedom The Saracens became after this Masters of it from whom Lewis II. Emperor took it in the Year 866 and granted it to Aldegisus in the 871. Now annexed to the Papacy A dreadful Earthquake which happened in June 1688. did almost totally ruin it scarce 600 of the Inhabitants out of as many thousand and upward being left alive amongst whom Cardinal Vrsini their Archbishop was taken out of the Ruins of his own Palace The Dukedom of Benevento was once a considerable part of the South of Italy in the times of the Lombards and Charles the Great instituted by Autharius King of the Lombards and ended in the Year 851. when the Saracens conquered it In 866. it was reconquered by the Germans in 1053. it was granted to the Pope but much restrained as to its Bounds yet then it took in the greatest part of the Principatus Vlterior Since which the Spaniards have restrained it so that it extends not above 3 or 4 Miles from the Walls of the City Benfeild once a Wall'd Town or City of Alsatia but dismantled by the Treaty of Munster under the Dominion of the Bishop of Strasburg from which it lies about 3 German Miles towards the South upon the River Ill about 2 Miles from Rhinaw towards the North-West Bengale a Kingdom in the East Indies on the River Ganges under the Dominion of the great Mogul for many past Ages but which had before Kings of its own It is a very fruitful Country and extends 220 Leagues from East to West and 120 from North to South Bounded on the East by India extra Gangem on the South by the Bay of Bengale on the West and North by the Territories of the Mogul The City of Bengale lies in the bottom of the Bay in the most North-Eastern Angle of it upon the River Cosmite It is great and drives a vast Trade with the European Nations as generally Authors say that have written of Bengala yet some modern Accounts will tell us there is no Town or City of this Name there Benges a River which riseth in the Lower Austria and entring the Lower Hungary falls into the River Rab. Benguola a Country of the Lower Aethiopia and a Town there with a good Port to the Sea of Congo which the Hollanders have been Masters of for some time This Country lies in the Kingdom of Angola Benibessera a large Country in Libya in Africa upon the Borders of the Kingdom of Tremissen Beni-Gebara a Mountain in the Province of Cuzt in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa so well inhabited that it is able to produce 7000 fighting Men and so fruitful that they may endure a Siege of 10 Years without the fear of a Famine The Avenues of it are very difficult Thence the Inhabitants preserve their Liberty inviolate paying a Tribute to the King of Fez. Beni-Guazeval a Mountain containing above 120 Villages together with a good large Town in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa in the Province of Errif yet at the very top opens and casts forth Flames of Sulphur Benin a Kingdom of Guiney in Africa with a Town of the name upon the River Behin It is the best Town belonging to the Negroes The said River discharges it self soon after into the Gulph of S. Thomas Ben-Oriegan a Mountain in the Province of Errif in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa towards the Coast of the Mediterranean 3 Leagues in length in breadth about half that curiously enriched with Vines Olives and the odoriferous Cedars Beni-Suaid a Town upon the Banks of Nile in Aegypt 2 Leagues from Cairo It stands in a large Plain which abounds with Line and Hemp. Beni-Tendi a ruined Town in the Province of Habat in the Kingdom of Fez upon the River Erguile The Rests of stately Edifices â—ombs and Fountains do incur here the Eye of the Spectator Beni-Usa or Bervira a fruitful and well Inhabited Mountain in the Province of Errif in the Kingdom of Fez near the Mountain of Gualida The Inhabitants of these 2 Mountains are almost continually at War Beni-Yasga a Mountain in the Province of Cuzt in Africa in the Kingdom of Fez inhabited by a Rich and Martial People There is an abundance of Vines and Olives and Cattle and Corn upon it The River Cebu or Suba glides near it Benthem a Town and Castle of Westphalia which stands upon the River Vidrus near Oldenzael and is the Head of a small County in the West part of Westphalia called in the German Tongue das Grathrtchaft von Benthem lies between the Bishoprick of Munster to the East Over-Yssel and the Territory of Tuvent to the West and upon the North and South it is inclosed by the River Vechta The Castle or Town of Benthem lies 2 Miles from Oldenzael a Town in the South-East Angle of the Province of Over-Yssel ten from Deventer to the East Bentivolio Pons Poledranus a Castle in the Dominions of the Church in the Territory of Bononia from which City it lies 10 Miles towards the North in the Road to Ferrara heretofore a Noble Pile but now half ruined this gave name to the Family of the Bentivolio's who for many Years Principatum Bononiae tenuere were Princes of Bononia And of later times this Family has afforded some excellent Persons Bera a City of the Kingdom of Granada commonly called Vera. Beraun a small Town in Bohemia upon the River Mies 3 German Miles from Prague towards the West called by the Germans Bern in Latin Berauna and Verona Berbero Arbis a River of Persia in the Province of Send Sinda which borders East upon India propria and West upon Macran Berckel Velicer the same with the River Aa in Westphalia Berdoa a desart Country in
that in 1623. there were said to be 3000 English Inhabitants called Bermudas from the Spanish and Summer Islands from the English Discoverer Bermet a City of the hither East-Indies supposed by Castaldus to be the Barbari of Arrian Bern Berna a great and well built City of Switzerland which has its name from a Bear and carries a Bear for its Arms. Built by Bertoldus Duke of Zeringhen in 1191. upon the River Aar which falls into the Rhine at Waldhust a Town of Schwaben and adorned with a Library and an Arsenat that deserve to be remembred It is the cheif City of the Canton of Bern which is one of the largest Cantons and was added to the rest in 1353. To look a little back into the antient History of this City it obtained the right of an Incorporated City from the Emperors Henry IV. and Philip II. Confirmed by Frederick II. it continued under the Empire till 1228. and then put themselves under the Protection of the Duke of Savoy In 1241. it had an unfortunate War with Gothofredus Duke of Habspurg whereupon in 1243. they made a League with Freiburg as also for ten Years with Wallisserlandt in 1251. In 1287. this City was besieged by Rodolphus of Habspurg They suffered much also from Albertus who had a set Battle with them near their Walls in 1291. wherein they lost many Men but had better Success against the Earl of Savoy the same year In 1346. they renewed their League with Freiburg after which followed the Perpetual League in 1353. whereby it obtained the second place amongst the Cantons In 1528. it imbraced the Reformation and thereupon passed a Law against mercenary Service in foreign Wars It stands about 13 Miles from Bazil to the South 4 from Freiburg to the North and about 20 from Geneva to the North-East This Canton is so well replenished with Gentry handsom Towns good Castles and Villages that you may compare it almost to one continued City and as for the Civil Government of it it is managed by two Councils of Senators under a Chief whom they call in French an Avoyer in German Schaltesch which last is an old Word in the Laws of the Lombards See Doctor Burnett's Letters Bernards Castle a Market-Town in Durham in Darlington Wapentake upon the River Tees which takes its name from a Family that first came into England with the Saxons Bernbourg a small City in Germany in the Upper Saxony in the Principality of Anhalt upon the River Saaldar Sala 4 German Miles from Magdebourg towards the South and as many from Dessaw to the West It is dignified with the Title of an Earldom and the Seat of a Castle Bernich Berenice a City of Africa upon the Mediterranean Sea mentioned by Ptolemy and Pliny but called Hesperia by Mela one of the 5 Cities in Pentapolis between the Promontory Boreum now il Capo di Teiones upon the greater Syrtis and the City of Arsinoe to the East It had its antient name from Berenice the Queen of Ptolemy the third King of Egypt as Solinus saith Bernstadt Bernardi Vrbs a Town in Silesia in the Dutchy of Olss in Germany upon the River Veid or Veida 3 or 4 Leagues from Breslaw Beroa Berrhaea believed to be the modern Aleppo was a famous City amongst the Antients reedified by Seleucus Nicanor and sometime an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch See Aleppo § Also an antient Town in Macedonia near the River Lydius Berry Bituricensis Provincia Bituriges a Dukedom in France bounded on the North by Sologne on the East by Nivernois and Bourbone on the West by Poictou and part of Tourein and on the South by Limosin The Principal City of this Province is Bourges divided into 2 parts by the River Chur a rich fruitful and populous Province The antient Inhabitants are famous in History for the 2 Colonies of Gauls they transmitted into Germany and Italy under the Command of Segovesus and Bellovesus both Nephews to Ambigatus King of Gallia Celtiqua in the time of Tarquinius V. King of Rome for from the Conquests by them made proceeds the Division of Gallia Transalpina and Cisalpina See Gallia Bersheba or Beerseba an antient City of Palestine by the way of Gaza to which Abraham and Abimelech gave this name because of the Covenant they there mutually ratified by Oath with each other Gen. 21. 31. It fell afterwards by Lot to the Tribe of Simeon Josh 19. 2. and committed Idolatry with the Apostate Tribes as we collect from Amos 5. 5. and S. Jerom. in loc Some take it to be the same now with Gibel Bertinoro Bretinorium Petra Honorii a City in the Province of Romagna in Italy with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna hither removed from Forlimpopoli It s Situation is upon a little Hill in the Borders of Tuscany near the River Renco S. Bertrand de Cominges Convenae seu Lugdunum Convenarum a City of France at the foot of the Pyrenean Mountains upon the River Garonne in the Earldom de Cominge which was destroyed by the Franks under King Guntchramnus in 584 but rebuilt by S. Bertrand in 1100. and from him in after times it had its present name It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Auch 25 Leagues from Thoulouse to the South and 55 from Bourdeaux to the South-West Berwald a Town beyond the River Oder in the New March in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh remarkable for the Treaty celebrated here in 1631. betwixt the Crowns of France and Sweden and the Princes of Germany Berwick Burcovicum Bervicium Teusis a Town in Northumberland situated upon the North side of the River Twede the most Northern Town in the Kingdom of England and saith Camden the strongest hold in all Britain It stands upon a Promontory so that it is almost totally incompass'd with the Sea and River Delivered up to Henry II. by William King of Scotland as a Pledge for his Ransom being then a Prisoner in England restor'd again by King John upon repayment of the Mony Edward I. in 1297. retook it After this it was won and lost divers times till in the Reign of Edward IV. Sir Thomas Stanley made a final reducement of it to the Crown of England The English Princes have fortified it but especially Queen Elizabeth who Walled it anew within the old Wall and added Out-works after the later Modes by which it was made incredibly strong Henry II. built the Castle and other of our Princes the outward Wall so that all its Works are owing to the English After a long Peace in 1639. this Town saw the English and Scotch Encamped under her Walls again in opposition till a Peace was concluded there Jane 17. However I find before the end of the War they were possessed of it and quitted it Feb. 17. 1646. March 12. 1686. King James II created Mr. James Fitz-James his Natural Son Duke of Berwick Ehis Town lies in Long. 21. d. 43. m. Lat. 55. 48. and sends 2 Burgesses to the
Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Walshcroft Billom a Town in the Province of Auvergne in France 5 or 6 Leagues from Clermont It is a very trading Place in a fruitful Soil Bimini a small Island East of Florida in America It is one of the Luccaye's to the South of the Island of Bahama Binche Bink or Bins Binchium a Town in Hainault near the River Haisne 3 Leagues from Mons to the Eastward and 4 from Maubeuge to the North is now decaying it was taken by the French in 1667. and restored back to the Spaniards in 1678. by the Treaty of Nimeguen Mary Queen of Hungary Sister to the Emperor Charles V. built herself a Noble Palace here to enjoy the good Air of the Place which is still called Marimont Bingen a fine Town belonging to the Elector of Mayence upon the River Rhine where it entertains the River Nar which here is covered with a stone Bridge once a Free Imperial City but now exempted from the Empire The antient Geographers and Historians make mention of it It has a Castle seated on a Hill and stands 4 German Miles from Mayence towards the West and 2 from Greitznack to the North near it in an Island in the Rhine is a Castle called Mauszthurn wherein the Report goes that Hatto the second Archbishop of Mayence was eaten alive by Rats it is now almost wholly ruin'd Bingham a Market-Town in the County of Nottingham the Capital of its Hundred Bendimir Bagrada a River of Persia which riseth in the Desarts of Carmania about 20 German Miles South of Hispahan and watering the Province of Fars it washeth Astachar after which having received another small River from the West it falls into the Persian Gulph 25 German Miles West of Ormus Biolizero a Fortress built in a Lake where the Duke of Muscovy keeps his Treasures See Biela Osero Biorneburg a small City belonging to the Swedes in North Finland where the River Cumus Rautoâ— ' falls into the Bay of Botner in almost 62 deg of Lat. It is a poor place and consists of a few Houses Biobio a River of South America in the Kingdom of Chili which springeth from the Andes and running Westward falls into the Pacifick Ocean near S. Conception a City of Chili and the Island of Aviquirina Bi r Birtha a small but Antient City of Arabia Deserta upon the Euphrates 130 Miles East of Aleppo in the Consines of Mesopotamia 10 German Miles West of Vrpha The usual place of Embarking upon the Euphrates for Bagdet This City is under the Turks and formerly was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Edessa Some write it Biro Ptolemy mentions it Birka or Birkopin Birca the Capital Town of the Province of Ostregothia in Sweden heretofore considerable but almost ruined now Birkenfield a Town in the Palatinate of the Rhine in Germany Honoured with the Title of a Principality It stands near the River Nab 5 or 6 Leagues from Treves Birmingham a Market-Town in warwickshire in the Hundred of Hemlingford Biron a Town in the Province of Perigord in France and one of the most antient Baronies of the same Erected into a Dukedom by King Henry IV. It at present bears the Title of a Marquisate Birs and Biersick are 2 small Rivers in the Canton of Basil Bisaccia a small City in the Principate in the Kingdom of Naples near the Apennine 2 Leagues from Cedogna and 7 from Monte-Verde It consisteth of a very small number of Inhabitants yet a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Conza and illustrated with the Title of a Dukedom Bisagno See Besagno Biscay Cantabria called by the Spaniards Vizcaja by the French Biscay hath on the North-West the Cantabrian Ocean or the Bay of Biscay on the East the Kingdom of Navarre on the South the Kingdom of Castile and on the West Asturia It enjoys the Title of a Principality because heretosore it had Princes of its own of the Family de Haro the last of which dying in the Siege of Algezira this Principality fell to King John of Castile and from thenceforward became a part of that Kingdom It is about 26 Spanish Leagues from East to West but not so broad Bilbao is its principal City it is a fruitful and a populous Country and full of Sea Ports Reduced heretofore under the Roman Yoak with great difficulty § The same name is also given to a part of New Spain in America They call it New Biscay It is bounded on the North with the Kingdom of Mexico the Province of Panuco to the East Zacatecas to the South and Culiacan to the West there are 2 Mines of Silver in it § The French Biscay see Basques Bisegli Vigiliae a City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Trani upon the Adriatick Ocean between Trani Molfetta and Bari Biserta Vtica a City of Africa Immortally honored by giving a Sirmane to Cato Vticensis It stands in the Kingdom of Tunis upon the Mediterranean Sea between Carthage and Tabarqua and is now become a Retreat of â—yrates Bishops Castle a Market-Town in the County of Salop in the Hundred of Purslow not far from the River Chun It Elects 2 Members of Parliament Bisignano Besidia a little City in the hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rossano but exempted from his Jurisdiction also honored with the Title of a Principality which belongeth to the Family of San Severini seated on a Hill and has a strong Castle upon the River Cotilum Cochilo which a little farther falls into the River Crate It is a fine City of about 2 Miles compass surrounded with high Hills called Vrbs Brutiorum by Livy Bisnagar the Kingdom that bears this Name is a considerable Country in the East-Indies bounded on the North with the Kingdoms of Decan and Cuncam on the East with the Gulph of Bengale on the West with the Indian Sea and on the South with the Kingdom of Malabar and Singa it is sometimes also call'd the Kingdom of Narsinga This Kingdom is subject to a Prince of its own but then it is also divided into several petty Kingdoms which have Princes that are Tributary Homagers to the King of Narsinga The City that gives Name to it lies almost exactly in 15 d. of Northern Lat. and 107 of Long. on the Eastern side of a long chain of Mountains that divide this vast Promontory from North to South It lies 45 Leagues West from the Shoars of the Bay of Bengale and 35 from Narsinga to the West Bisneghe Hesperium Cornu commonly call'd Capo-verde is a Promontory in Nigritia in Africa upon the Western Shoar in 14 deg of Northern Lat. Bisnow the Name of a Sect amongst the Banjans in the East-Indies In this different from the Sect of Zamarath That the Women live Widows after their Husbands death and do not burn themselves in the same funeral Pile with them Bitche a County in
Lorrain upon the Frontiers of Germany Bitetto a City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Bari It is but small and indifferently Peopled Betwixt Bari and Bitonto Bithynia a celebrated Province of Asia Minor where stood the famous Cities of Nice and Chalcedon Heraclea and Apamea c. Heretofore a Kingdom which ended in the Person of Nicomedes IV. when dying without Issue he nominated the Romans his Heirs in the Year 679. that is 75 years before the Birth of our Saviour It lies towards the Euxine Sea and the Archipelago And now call'd Chintale Bito one of the Kingdoms of Nigritia in Africa separated from the Kingdom of Benin by the Mountains with a capital City of the same name Bitonto Butuntum a City of the Territory di Bari in Apulia in Italy which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari 5 miles from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea towards the South and 8 from Bari to the West it lies in a very fruitful Plain in pretty good esteem and indifferently well Peopled Also adorn'd with the Title of a Marquisate Bitsin Bitisinum a Town in Silesia where Sigismund King of Poland besieged and took Maximilian Arch-Duke of Austria his Competitor in the Kingdom of Poland Prisoner in the Year 1578. and after upon the Intercession of Rodolphus II. and his renouncing of his pretence to Poland released him Bivar a Town of Hungary upon the Save Bivoras Salsum a River of Andalusia Bizano a Kingdom of Ethiopia divided from the Kingdom of Gojame in the same Region by the River Nile Blackburn a Market-Town in Lancashire near the River Derwent the capital of its Hundred Black Sea See Euxine Sea Blandiac a Town in the Diocese of Vsez in the Province of Languedoc in France Blanford a Market-Town in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Pimpern upon the River Stower Blankeberghe a Town and Port with a Castle in Flanders 2 Leagues from Bruges and thereabouts from Ostend Blanmont or Blamont Blamontium a Town in the Dukedom of Lorain upon the River Voiziere giving the Title of an Earl Formerly Fortifi'd At present in a low condition Blansac a Town in the Province of Angoumois in France upon the River Nai situated in a fruitful Soil betwixt Valette Bonteville and Angouleme Blavet a River of Bretagne in France giving Name to the Town Blavet see Porto Loüis and passing Pontivi and Hennebont falling into the Ocean at Porto Louis Blaye Blavium Blavutum a well fortified Town of great importance in the Province of Guyenne in France upon the River Gironde 6 Leagues from Bourdeaux The Gironde is a name they give the Garonne after its reception of the Dordogne Since the year 1475. by the order of Lewis XI the Foreign Vessels going up to Bourdeaux use to leave their Artillery here In the Civil Wars of France This Town was first taken by the Huguenots then by the Leaguers who held it out against a Siege in 1593. tho the Spanish Fleet coming to their assistance was defeated by the Marshal de Matignon Bleking a Province in Sweden yielded to them by the Danes in 1658. at the Treaty of Roskill It lies upon the Baltick Sea and was heretofore remark'd with the Title of a Dukedom Blemyes Blemiae an antient People of Aethiopia reduced under the Roman Empire in the time of the Emperour Marcian Fabulously reported to have their Eyes in their Breasts from nothing but an ill custom of holding down their Heads too low Blene a fruitful Country in the antient Kingdom of Pontus in Asia Minor watered by the River Amnias Mithridates King of Pontus defeated Nicomedes King of Bethynia here who thereupon retired into Italy Bletterans a Town in Franche Comtè upon the Borders of the Dutchy of Burgundy and the River Seile about 9 Leagues from Dole and Chalon Heretofore Fortifi'd now without Walls Bliburg or Blithborough a small Town in the County of Suffolk upon the South side of the River Blithe which a little farther falls into Southwold Bay In this Town Anna a Christian King of the East-Angles lies buried who was slain by Penda King of Mercia in a set Battle together with Ferminus his eldest Son in the year 654. Henry I. King of England founded afterwards a Priory of Black Canons But that being demolished the Town fell to ruin and is now a very small Place Blith a Market-Town in the County of Nottingham in the Hundred of Bassetlaw Blois Blesae a Town in France and Capital of a County call'd Le Blois it is well built and populous upon the Loire which is here passable by a Bridge of Stone it has also a Castle lately repair'd by Gaston Duke of Orleans The Kings of France have frequently retired hither to enjoy themselves by reason of the pleasantness of the situation of it and the Magnificence and Elegance of the Buildings Lewis XII was born here in the Year 1461. Ann his Queen died here in 1514. also Claude the Queen of Francis I. in 1524. and Catharine de Medices the Relict of Henry II. in 1589. Here was also that famous Assembly of the States of France in which by the order of Henry III. Henry Duke of Guise was Assassined together with the Cardinal his Brother which caused the Murdering of that Prince soon after by James Clement a Dominican Fryar in revenge of it This place lies between Tours and Orleans The County de le Blois is bounded on the East by the Dukedom of Orleans on the West by Tours on the South by Berry and on the North by Beausse Blonicz Blonicum a City or very great Town of the Kingdom of Poland in the Confines of the Province of Mazowski 7 Polish Miles from Warsaw towards the West built all of Timber Bobio Bobi Bobium a City in the Dutchy of Milan in Italy with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Genoua It takes its situation upon the River Trabia and its Original from an Abby founded here in former times by S. Columbanus Bocchara a River of Bactria Bochir Canopus a City of Egypt upon the Western Branch of the Nile where Claudian the Poet was born 25 Miles East of Alexandria Bochar or Buchar Bochora and Buchara an antient and a stately City of Asia in the Province of Mawaralnahra call'd by the Romans Trans Oxiana Regio a days Journey beyond the River Oxus this City was the Birth-place of Avicenna the famous Arabian Physician and Philosopher who flourish'd in Spain in the X. Century He is said to have been the first that settled the true method of Physick by the many Books published by him he was born in 992. and died in 1050. Bodegrave a Town in Holland upon the Rhine 3 Leagues from Vtrecht Made remarkable by a Battle here fought betwixt the French and Dutch in the Year 1672. Bodmin Voliba or Voluba a Market-Town in Cornwal in the Hundred of Trigg which returns Two Burgesses to the Parliament It
by the French Bolduc and by the Flandrians S. Shertogenbosch a City in the Dukedom of Brabant which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mechlen seated upon the River Disa Dios which a little farther to the North falls into the Maze It is a large new City environed with Rivers and Marshes very well fortified and only one League from the Maze taken by the Dutch in 1629. who are still possessed of it Geofry Duke of Brabant made a Town of it out of a Wood in the year expressed in this Chronogram GodefrIdVs dVX e sILVa feCIt oppIdVM The See was founded by Pope Paul IV. in 1559. And the Country called the Mayorality of Bosleduc containing above 100 Villages has this City for its Capital Bosnia called by the French Bossen by the Germans Wossen is a Province of Europe bounded on the North by Sclavonia on the West by Croatia on the East by Servia and on the South by Dalmatia it takes its name from the River Bosna which riseth in Servia thence entering Bosnia waters Bosna-Sarai and falls into the Save It had Kings of its own from 1357. till 1465. having been before a part of the Kingdom of Hungary The Turks under Mahomet II. Conquered it in 1465. and are still possessed of a great part of it The same Mahomet caused Stephen the last King of Bosnia to be flea'd alive Bosphorus Cimmerius that famous Streight or passage at which the Euxine Sea communicates with the Paulus Maeotis or the Sea of Tana They now call it the Streights of Caffa and Kerci from two Towns in the Peninsula of Taurica Chersonesus which are situated upon the Banks of it Heretofore there was a Town called Bosphorus in those parts which gave Name both to the Streights and to the antient People the Bosphori mentioned by Pliny Strabo c. It afterwards changed its name to Panticapaeum which some believe to be the same with the modern Vospero a late Bishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople § Bosphorus Thracius otherwise known by the Name of the Canal of the Black Sea and the Streights of Constantinople is so narrow a passage betwixt Thrace and Asia Minor that in some Streets at Constantinople they can hear the Cocks crowing upon the Shoars of Asia Upon this Bosphorus stands Gallipoli the Dardanells and the Seven Towers where Prisoners of State are secured It is now called Bogazin Bosra or Bostra See Bussereth § Strabo speaks of another Bosra in Phaenicia Bossu a Town in Hainault near Valencienne dignified with the Title of an Earldom Boston a Corporation in Lincolnshire seated on both sides of the River Witham which is covered by a Timber Bridge the Town stands within 3 Miles of the Sea and has a very convenient Haven which in Mr. Camden's time was well Traded it sends 2 Burgesses to the Parliament § Also a place in New-England of the same name well built and peopled It is indeed the Capital Town of that Plantation Bosworth an antient Market-Town in Leicestershire upon the River Sence which a little farther falls into the Anker at Atherston Near this place Henry Earl of Richmond Aug. 22. 1485. overthrew in Battle Richard III. and put an end to those long and bloody Wars between the Houses of Lancaster and York And March 12. 1686. King James II. did this Town the honor to constitute Mr. James Fitz-James his Natural Son amongst many other great Honors Baron of Bosworth Bothnia a Province of Sweden upon the Baltick Sea which gives Name to the Botner Sea or that Branch of the Baltick which lies most West between which and Lapland this Province lies Torn is its Capital City Bova a City in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Reggio near the Ocean betwixt the Cape de Spartivento and Reggio Bouchain Bochonium Buceinium a small but strong Town well fortified in the Province of Hainault in the Low-Countries upon the River Escaut betwixt Valenciennes and Cambray It is the Capital of the County of Ostervand which formerly belong'd mmediately to the eldest Sons of the Earls of Hainault Taken by the French in 1676. and ever since by them retained Boufflers a Territory contained in the Diocese of Amiens in Picardy in France upon the River Authie Remarkable for giving Name to an Ancient and Eminent Family in that Province Bouhin an Island of France between the Coasts of the Provinces of Poictou and Bretaigne below the Mouth of the Loyre § Also a Town in the County of Foretz in the same Kingdom near the River Lignon which is one of the best Places in Foretz Bovines Boviniacum a small Town upon the River Maze in the County of Namur made famous by a bloody Battle given here by Philip the August King of France to Ferdinand Earl of Flanders who was here taken Prisoner in the Year 1214 Whereupon Philip founded the Abbey of our Lady de la Victoire near Senlis in Commemoration of his Victory This Town lies 4 Leagues from Namur to the South Bovino Bovinum is a small City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Capitanata which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento it stands at the foot of the Apennine near the River Cervaro six Leagues from Troja to the South and twelve from Ariano to the South-East Bouillon Bullonium a small Town and Castle in the Bishoprick of Liege four Leagues from Masiers to the North and ten from Namur The Capital of an ancient Dukedom which lies between the Dukedom of Luxemburg to the West and Champagne to the South This Dukedom was mortgaged to Otbâ—rt Bishop of Liege in 1096 by Godfery then Duke of it after the famous King of Jerusalem and ever since the Bishops of this Diocese have claim'd a Right to it But by the Treaty of Nimeguen in 1679 it was agreed that the Dukes of Bovillon who are in possession of it should peaceably enjoy the same all Differences being referred to honorary Arbitrators and that the Bishops should in the mean time use no Force against the said Dukes and so it remains to this day in their Possession Boulogne See Bologne Bolognese and Bononia Bourbone Borbonium a small City of France the Capital of the Dukedom of Bourbone bounded on the North with the Province of Niverne on the East by the Dukedom of Burgundy on the West with the Province of Berry and Marche and on the South with Auvergne The River Allier Ellaver cuts this Dukedom into two Parts and it lies in length from the North-East to the South-West twenty eight Leagues between the Rivers of Loire and Cher. Robert the fourth Son of Lewis the Ninth King of France had this Dutchy in Marriage with Agnes of Bourbone whose descendent after 300 years in the Person of Henry IV. came to the Crown of France in 1590 and his Grandchild Lewis XIV now enjoys that Throne The principal City call'd Bourbonne l' Archambault lies 4 Leagues from Moulins 56
Wines and intermixed with pleasant Valleys The principal City of it is Besanson The old Inhabitants were the Sequani a potent Nation In 1674 this County was taken from the Spaniards by the present King of France and by the Treaty of Nimeguen confirmed to him See Franche Comtè Bourgouin a small Town in the County of Viâ—nnois in the Province of Dauphine in France A dependent formerly of the Barony of Tour du Pin and famous for driving a Trade of Hemp. Bourn a Market-Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Aveland upon a Spring called Bâ—rnâ—â—â—head King Edmund was Crowned here It also shows the Ruins of a good Castle Bouro an Island of Asia by some placed among the Moluccaes in the Indian Ocean near the Islands of Cambello and Manipe under the King of Ternate Bouron Bistonia a Town in the Province of Romania in the Morea near the Archipelago with a Lake of the same Appellation on this side the Mountain Argentaro This place has sometime been the Seat of a Bishop and is often mentioned by our antient Historians Boutan a Kingdom in the Terra firma of the Indies or according to others in the Great Tartary towards the Empire of the Grand Mogul and believed to be the same with Barantola Boutonne Vâ—â—tonna a River in France arising in Poictou and flowing through Saintonge where it divides the Town of S. Jean d' Angelâ— it ends in the River Charente which conveys it into the Ocean 2 Leagues from Brouage to the North right over against the Island of Oleron Bowe a Market-Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of New Tauton Bozagar Exopolis a City of Tartary in Asia a little more East than the Outlets of the River Tanais Bozolo a Principality belonging to the Duke of Mantua with a small Town betwixt Mantua and Cremona Brabant Brabantia Ambavariti populi is one of the most considerable Provinces of the Spanish Netherlands bounded on the East with Luyekland or the Bishoprick of Liege on the West with the River Scheld and a part of Flanders on the North with the Maze which parts it from Holland and Guelderland and on the South with Hainault Namur and a part of Lâ—yckland This Country is generally fruitful and the Air good 22 German Miles long and 20 broad and in these narrow Limits it had 26 walled Towns and Cities Governed by Dukes of its own from the year 1004 till the year 1430 when it fell to Philip II. Duke of Burgundy by whose Grandchild Margaret married to Maximilian Emperor of Germany it fell to Charles V. King of Spain and in that House it remains to this day Bracciano Arcennum Bracennum Brygianum Sabata a City of Italy in the Dominions of the Church upon the Lake of Sabato honored with the Title of a Dukedom now in the possession of the antient Family of the Vrsini It is a small but fine City about 20 Miles from Rome to the West Brachmanes Bramins or Bramans a famous Sect of Philosophers amongst the Indians consulted by the greatest Wits of Greece its thought Pythagoras received his Doctrine of the Transmigration of Souls amongst them They professed the study of Nature and Astronomy and Morality and placed their Happiness in the Contempt of Wealth The Bramans who are the Priests of the modern Banjans inherit their Esteem with the People For they teach their Schools live austerely are considered as Oracles in the Affairs of Religion and as to the Pointof a Metampsyhosis they are equally Pythagoreans with their Ancestors Brackley a Market-Town in Nottinghamshire in the Hundred of Sutton which returns 2 Members to the Parliament It stands near the Spring of the River Ouse and formerly had a College which is since become a School Braclaw Braclavia a Town in the Province of Podolia in the Kingdom of Poland upon the River Bug and towards the Confines of Volhinia It is also written Bratzlaw Bradano Brada a River in the Basilicata in the Kingdom of Naples which ariseth from the Apennine and falls into the Gulph of Tarento eighteen Miles from Tarento to the West Bradfield Magna a Market-Town in Essex in the Hundred of Freshwell Bradford a Market-Town in Wiltshire The Capital of its Hundred upon the Avon Bradforth a Market-Town in the West-Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Morley near the fall of a small Stream into the Are. Brading a Market-Town in the Isle of Wight in the Hundred of E. Medine Bradninch a Market-Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Heyrudge Braga Augusta Bracarum Bracara Braecara a City and Archbishoprick of Portugal call'd Bragues by the French in the Province of Antredoureo Minho it stands upon the South Side of the River Morillo four Leagues from the Ocean eight Miles from Porto to the North and almost fifty from Lisbon to the same quarter The Archbishop of this City pretends no less than the Archbishop of Toledo to the Primacy of all Spain This was the Seat of the Kings of the Sueves for an hundred and seventy Years and is now of great Circumference but not equally populous Braganza Bragantia Caeliobrigia Tuntebriga a City in the Kingdom of Portugal which is honored with the Title of a Dukedom It lies in the Confines of the Kingdom of Leon and Portugal in the Province of Sera de Rebodaos 7 Miles from Miranda to the North and 25 from Braga to the East John Duke of Braganza sirnamed the Fortunate being descended from the Kings of Portugal in 1640 recovered that Kingdom out of the Hands of the Spaniards and his Son now enjoys it Braintry a Market-Town in Essex in the hundred of Hinckford Brampour a large Town in the Province of Candis in the Empire of the Grand Mogul and the second Government of Quality in that Empire Adorn'd with a magnificent Castle where the Governor of the Province resides It is a place also of extraordinary Trade Brampton a Market-Town in Cumberland in Eskdale Ward Brandenburg Brandeburgum Brennoburgum is a very ancient City in the Upper Saxony in Germany It stands in the middle March upon the North side of the River Havel which falls into the Albis This is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Meydburg the See was erected by Otho the Great Emperor of Germany in 946. The City embrac'd the Augustane Confession in 1563. It lies in Long. 35. 00. and Lat. 52. 39. The Marquisate of Brandenburg is bounded on the East by the Kingdom of Poland on the West with the Dukedom of Saxony on the North with Pomerania and part of Mecklenburg and on the South with Misnia Lusatia and Silesia In Length from East to West sixty German Miles and of a proportionable Breadth In it there are fifty five Cities and Wall'd Towns the chief of which are Brandenburg and Berlin But it is neither very populous nor very fruitful except in Corn. The Prince is a Calvinist and his Subjects Lutherans He is one of the Electors created in 1415. by Sigismund the Emperor § Brandenburg Brunsberg see
in Long. 43. 30. Lat. 42. 23. Budziack more antiently called Bessarabia which see Buhiera Arapotes Maria Marcotis a Lake in Egypt Buenos Aytes or Civitad de la Trinidad a City and an Episcopal See in the Province of Paraguay upon the River Plata in the West-Indies whither the King of Spain was perswaded to bring his Silver from Potosi but found it not convenient by reason of the Vicinity of the Portugals in Brasil Bugen a Town and Kingdom in the Island of Ximo belonging to Japan Bugey a small Country in France betwixt the Rhosne and the Ains The former separates it from Savoy and Dauphine the other from Bresse and Burgundy In length 16 Leagues and about 10 in breadth the Capital Town of it is Belley This Country belonged to the Sovereigns of Bresse till the Year 1621. that it submitted to the Crown of France Bugia a City and Province in Barbary in the old Kingdom of Algiers The latter extends itself along the Sea Coast betwixt the River Sufegmar to the East the River Major to the West and the Mountains to the South the other stands upon the Mouth of the Major with a good Port and was heretofore a Bishops See they now reckon about 8000 Houses in it It is the Salda or Saldae of the Antients In 1508 the Spaniards took it but the Turks soon after removed them § Also a Town upon the Nile in Nubia in Africa towards the Frontiers of Egypt betwixt Jalac and Assuana written sometime Bugiha Bugna Abugana a Kingdom in Aethiopia Mountainous and small Built a Market-Town in the County of Brecknock in Wales the chief of its Hundred Bulgaria pars Moesiae inferioris is a County which is bounded on the East with the Euxine Sea on the West with Servia on the North with the Danube by which it is parted from Moldavia and Walachia and on the South with Thrace It has this name from the Bulgares a Scythian People who in 566. possessed themselves of it This Nation first received the Christian Faith about 700. but were not totally gained over to Christianity till about 860. since which time they have been subject to the Jurisdiction of the Patriarch of Constantinople first under Kings of their own till 1310. when they were Conquered by Charles King of Hungary having been before extreamly weakened by their Wars against the Eastern Emperors They were finally subjugated by Amurath II. Emperor of the Turks about 1427. ever since which time they have been subject to that Empire The Country for the most part is full of sharp rugged Hills Branches of the great Mountain Haemus which divides it from Thrace so that it is the most unpleasant and worst peopled part of Dacia the People are accordingly patient of all Toil and Labor and brutishly Valiant Bullerborn Fons Tumultuarius a Fountain near the Village of Oldenbeck in the Province of Westphalia in Germany It is remarked for using to yield its Water with extraordinary noise and unequal Intermissions Bullingbrooli an antient Market-Town in Lincolnshire The Capital of its Hundred upon the spring of a River which falls into the Witham This was the Birthplace of Henry IV thence surnamed of Bullingbrook Made an Earldom first in the Person of S. Oliver S. Johns descended from the Grand-Mother of Henry VII which Title is now enjoyed by the Right Honorable Pawles S. John Bungay a Market-Town in Suffolk in the Hundred of VVangford upon the Banks of the River VVave nay Bungo a Town and Kingdom in the Island of Ximo belonging to Japan in the East-Indies this is in the Eastern part of the Island The King and a number of his Subjects had once embraced the Christian Religion but the terrible Persecution that followed reduced them to their old again Buntingford a Market-Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Edwinstree Buqhan or Buchan a County of Stotland bounded on the North and East with the German Ocean on the West and South with Murray and Marr. The Castles of Stanes and Fendracht are the most considerable places in it It affords good Pasturage Bura an antient Town of Achaia in the Morea upon the Gulph of Corinth famous heretofore for an Oracle of Hercules whose Statue was Adored in a neighbouring Cavern This Town had the fortune to be over-turn'd by an Earthquake The remaining ruins have taken since the name of Pernitea betwixt Patras and Vasilica Buragrag a River in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa separating the Provinces of Fez and Thesmena It falls into the Altantick at Cap de Sola having at the Mouth of it a Town standing of the same Name Buren a small Town with the Title of an Earldom in the Province of Guelderland 3 Leagues from Bosleduc and Vtrecht near the River Slingh Burford a Market-Town in Oxfordshire in the Hundred of Bampton near the River Windrush About the Year 750. Cuthbert King of the West Saxons overthrew Ethelbald King of the Mercians here and won his Banner wherein was depicted a golden Dragon Whence came the Custom of this Town of making every year a Dragon in Jolity It gives the Title of an Earl to the Duke of S. Albans Burgaw Burgavia a Country and Marquisate in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany lying along the Danube It receives this name from Burgaw upon the River Mindel which is the capital Town of it This Country is about 10 Leagues broad and long and has been possess'd by the House of Austria ever since the year 1282. Burgh a Market-Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Candleshow Burglave is an antient Diocess in the North Iutland where now is the Diocess of Alborch called by the Latin writers Alburgensis Burnham Market a Town in Norfolk in the Hundred of Brother Cross So call'd in distinction from other Burnhams which are not Market-Towns Burgos Masburgi Bravum Burgi called by the French Bourgues is the Capital of old Castile Formerly a Regal City and grew up out of the Ruins of Occa made an Archbishops See by Gregory XIII in 1571. having been a Bishops See from 1075. It stands on the North side of the River Arlanzon which falls into the Duero below Valladolid amongst the Mountains upon the descent of an Hill and declines itself also apace being Inhabited but by a few People Anciently call'd Bravum and Masburgi 37 Spanish Miles North of Madrid In Long. 16. 32. and Lat. 43. 10. Burick or Budrick Budrichium a strong Town in the Dutchy of Cleves in Germany upon the Rhine 2 or 3 Leagues from Gueldres under the Hollanders This was one of the Four Towns which the French besieged at the same time at the opening of the Campagne of the year 1672. The Mareschal de Turenne commanded the Siege Burnley a Market-Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Blackburn Burntwood a Market-Town in Essex in the Hundred of Chelmsford Burrowbridg a Market-Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Claro Burton a Market-Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Manlake upon the
large Suburbs a Castle and a very capacious Haven The famous Lucifer was Archbishop of this See in the Reign of Constantine M. Pope Hillary was born here and Martin King of Sicily died here in 1409. Long. 32. 12. Lat. 37. 30. The Cape Cagliari derives its Name from hence Cagli or Caglio Callium Cale Calle a small City in the Dukedom of Vrbino which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vrbino seated upon the River Metro at the foot of the Apennine 14 Leagues from Vrbino to the South-West and the same Distance from Eugubio to the North-East It was under the Dominion of the Pope in 1289. Caiors or Cahors Doveona Divona Cadurcum the principal City of Quercy in Guienne in France upon the River Loth over which it has three Bridges It is a large fine and strong City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Alby ever since 1678. before which time it was under the Archbishop of Berry ten Leagues from Alby to the North and 45 from Bourdeaux to the East Pope John XXII being born here founded an University in it in 1331. The Bishops take the Title of Earls of Cahors Henry IV. King of Navarre besieged it in 1580. and reduced it in three Days since which time its Castle and Fortifications have been demolished Cajania a Province of Sweden which is often also called East-Bothinia between the Botner Sea Lapland and Finland Cajanâ—burg the principal Town within the former Territory which gives Name to it it lies towards Lapland upon the Lake Vla with a Castle for its Defence and Honor. Cajazzo Calatia a City in the Province of Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples about 7 Miles East of Capua near the River Voltorno and a Bishop's See under the Arch-Bishop of Capoiia It was considerable in the times of the Caesars a Colony having been setled there by Julius Caesar as Apianus Alexandrinus saith which on that account joyn'd with Augustus But now very small and in a declining Condition Cajenne an Island to the South of the Mouth of the River Cajenne which gives Name to it in the Province of Guyana in America under the French 18 Leagues in Circuit The River Cajenne springs from the Mountains near the Lake of Parima and continues its Course about 100 Leagues through the Country of the Galibes before it falls into the Ocean with this Island in its Embraces The Hollanders settled themselves here in 1656. and again in 1676. but were both times expelled by the French who were the prior Occupants Cajâ—tta See Gajetta Caifum or Caifung one of the principal Cities in China seated on the South of the River Croceus in the Province of Honan in Long. 142. 35. It was heretofore the ordinary Residence of the Emperors of China till the Year 1642. that the Usurper Lyncungh besieged it To drown whose Army the People piercing the Banks of the River Croceus which lies higher than the Town brought the Water upon themselves more than on the Enemy with so great an Impetuosity that the Houses were all overturned three hundred thousand Inhabitants drown'd and the whole Town changed into a Lake from that Day Caiman a greater and Lesser Island North of Cuba in the Gulph of Mexico known by the Tortoise-Fishing-Trade there Caiphas a City of Phoenicia at the foot of Mount Carmel and heretofore an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Tyre Understood by some to be the Porphyrcum of Polybius and Stephanus The Lords hereof were of high renown in the time that the Christians were Masters of the Holy land Cairo Babylon Memphis Cairus the Capital of Egypt and indeed the greatest City in all Africa by the Arabians call'd Alchair seated on the East side of the River Nile about 1 Mile from it there is a Passage from the River into it which divides the Town in the middle This City sprang out of the ruins of Memphis and Babylon which stood not far from it on the Western Shoar of the Nile and was built by the Saracens or Moors after they became Masters of Egypt the Califfs of which Nation for a long time resided here as did afterwards the Sultans In 1517. it was Conquered by Selim the Turk and it has ever since been in their hands but is now sensibly declined from what it was The Patriarch of Alexandria resides here who has six antient Greek Churches in the place there are many more belonging to the Cophtites for whose Conviction in the business of Nestorianisme a Council was held here in 1582. by the order of Pope Gregory XIII but without effect tho the Patriarch of the Cophtites had been first gain'd over to the Perswasion of the Latens They have an Aqueduct of 350 Arches which brings the water from the River to the Town It s chiefest Manufacture is Tapestry Three Leagues lower the Nile is divided into two Branches which make the Delta It is 8 Miles in compass and has at the South end of it a stately Castle the Palace of the Mamaluck Sultans built upon a Mountain which overlooks the City and a great part of the Country When the Turks took it it was very strong but Selim ruin'd a great part of it and that which remains serves for the residence of the Turkish Bassa who hath the Government of this Kingdom About 10 Miles from this City stand those famous Pyramids which have in all Ages been so much admired and are certainly the most antient Buildings in the whole World and may in all probability not perish before the general Conflagration Long. 38. 48. Lat. 36 40. Cairoan Cyrene an antient and once very noble City in Africa mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles and now almost ruin'd and depopulated by the Turks in whose hands it is seated right over-against Matapan the most Southern Cape of the Morea an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Alexandria and once famous not only for its Antiquity being built in the year of the World 3560. 143 years after Rome but also for Learning it having produced many noble Greek Writers and particularly Aristippus the founder of the Sect of the Cyrenaick Philosophers with the ingenious Areta his Daughter who succeeded him in his School The Country antiently call'd Libya Cyrenaica comprehending the Five Cities of Berenice Teuchire Ptolomais Apollonia and Cyrene derived its name from hence It had sometime the honour to bear the Title of a Kingdom For in the Year of Rome 658. we read of a Ptolomy surnamed Apion King of Cyrene nominating the Romans to be his Heirs The Libya Cyrenaica was afterwards call'd Pentapolis from these its Cities and now Mestrata Long. 50. 00. Lat. 31. 20. § Also a Town upon the River Capullia in the Kingdom of Tunis about 14 Leagues from the Sea Built in 652. by the Caliphs of Syria and adorn'd with a sumptuous Mosque where you see the Sepulchres of the Kings of Tunis For want of Fountains in so dry and barren a Soil as this Town stands in they
drink altogether of the Water of the Cistern There has been formerly an University here frequented from all the parts of Africa It is the Thysdrus of the Antients The Arabians call it Cairavan And a chief Pontiff of the Mahometan Law resides in it Caisar Caesarea Magna a City of Cappadocia upon the River Haly which was made a Colony by Tibenius Claudius call'd before this Archelais 60 Miles from Iconium to the North. Till the time of Valens the Roman Emperour it was the Metropolis of Cappadocia The Great S. Basil was a Bishop here Long. 64. 40. Lat. 41. 40. Caket a Kingdom and City of Georgia in Asia towards the Mountain Caucasus Conquered by the King of Persia and Govern'd under him by a Viceroy The ruins that are to be seen in the City are suffient evidences of its former magnificence This Country is properly the antient Iberia Calabria Magna Graecia Brutii Populi This is the Name of an antient Province in the Kingdom of Naples in Italy but now applyed to another which is no part of that which had heretofore the name of Calabria The antient Calabria was bounded on the North and East by the Adriatick Sea on the South by the Salentins and on the West by Apulia Pucetia taking up that part of the Kingdom of Naples which makes now the North of the Province of Otranto The present Calabria is a very large and the most Southern Province of that Kingdom itself a Dukedom the Title of which was given to the Eldest Son of the King of Naples whilst it remained a separate Kingdom This is bounded on the North by the Basilicata on the East by the Ionian Sea on the West by the Tyrrhenian and on the South by the Sicilian Streights It s greatest length is from North to South and it is one of the four principal Provinces of the Kingdom of Naples Divided commonly into the Hither or Vpper which is the more Northern and the Further or Lower Calabria The Saracens became Masters of it about the year 827. and were expell'd in the 11th Century by the valour of the Celebrated Robert Guichard a Norman who from a Souldier of Fortune made himself Duke of Puglia and Calabria about the year 1059. being the head of a Line which soon after in the Person of Roger II. attained the Crowns of Naples and Sicily Calabria is very subject to Earthquakes There is an Historical relation of one particularly which continued more or less from 1638. to 1641. Calahorra Calaguris Clunia a City of the Old Castile in the Kingdom of Spain upon the River Ebro where it entertains the River Cidacos di Castella built upon an Hill in the limits of the Kingdom of Navarr and was first made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragon by Pope Alexander VI. in 1498. but afterwards Subjected to the Archbishop of Burgos The Bishoprick of Calzada was united to this See in 1236. It lies 23 Leagues from Bajona to the South in Long. 18. 50. Lat. 43. 26. Quintilian and Prudentius were both of this City The antient Inhabitants of it call'd Caliguritani sustain'd a Siege against Pompey with so much obstinacy as at last to kill their very Wifes and Children and salt them like Pork and Eat them for Provisions Pliny mentions two Towns of this Name Caligurris Nascica and Caligurris Fibularia the first was amongst the People of Husca the other in the Country of the Gascons as some interpret him Calais Caletum Portus Iccius a strong Town of Picardy in France at the entrance of the English Channel right over-against Dover Taken by Edward III. in 1347. after a siege of a 11 Months and lost again by Q. Mary in less than a Fortnight in 1557. till when for 210 years together we had the Keys of France at our Girdles and that Princess accordingly resented the loss dying soon after of Grief as it was thought for it saying not long before her death that if she were opened they should find Calais at her Heart Cardinal Albert took this Town from the French in 1596. but it was soon after by them recover'd according to the Peace of Vervin in 1598. The Country adjacent had heretofore the Name of Caletes The Long. is 23. 00. Lat. 51. 00. Calama Thyamus a River of Epirus it falls into the Ionian Sea over against the Island of Ericusa now Alicur between Corfu to the North and Cefalonia to the South Calama or Calamata an inland City of Africa between Hippo to the East and Cirta to the West Often mentioned in the Writings of S. Austin It was formerly an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Carthage Calamata Thuria a Fort and an unwalled but well Peopled Town on the South of the Morea in the Province of Belvedore opposite to Coron from whence it is distant 40 English Miles by Sea This Castle or Fort was taken by surprize in 1659. and deserted but retaken in 1685. and is now Garrisoned by the Venetians § Another in the Kingdom of Algiers in Africa near the River Major Calamianes an Island of the East-Indies which lies between Borneo and the Philippine Islands and is subject to a Prince of its own Calarauega or Calaroga a small Town in Old Castile in Spain where S. Dominique de Guzman the founder of the Order of the Preachers was born Calatagirone an inconsiderable small Town in the Island of Sicily amongst the Mountains built upon the ruins of the antient Calata some speak of another of this Name in the same Island Calataâ—ud a Town of Aragon in Spain Built as is supposed by an Arab who left his own Name to it In Latin called Bilbilis Nova from its situation near the ruins of the antient Bilbilis between Saragossa and Medina Caeli It stands in a Plain but at the foot of a high Mountain upon the River Zalon which there receives the River Baubula A large and handsom Town in a fruitful Country with a Castle to command and defend it Calatrava Oretum a City of New Castile in Spain upon the River Guadiana 15 Leagues South of Toledo Taken from the Moors by Sanctius III. in 1158. who granting it to the Templars they distrusting the strength of the place resigned it up again to him Whereupon two Cistercian Monks undertook to fortifie it as they did in a short time and upon a new Grant of it to their Order they Instituted the Order of the Knights of Calatrava for the defence of it which was confirm'd by Pope Alexander III. This Order of Knights was begun in 1185. under Alphonsus the Noble at first they had Masters of their Order but in 1489 that Dignity was annexed to the Crown Paul III. granted them leave to Marry once The Order hath 24 Mannors in Spain belonging to it Their Habit was at first the same with that of the Cistercians till Pope Benedict XIII dispensed with it Calavar a Village of the Province of Balagate which is the last Province and Town the Mogul has
towards the Kingdom of Orixia of Golconda In this place unreasonable Tolls are forced from Travellers Thevenot Calcot Calchutum mentioned in the 7th Tome of the Councils for a Council here assembled in 787. under Gregory Bishop of Ostia and Theophylact Bishop of Tali the Legates of Pope Adrian I. But whether this be Calcot in Oxfordshire or Calcot in Berkshire or another our Author is not express Calder a River in Yorkshire falling into the Ouse below York Calderino a famous Bath 10 Miles from Verona in Italy ordinarily call'd the Bath of Verona Calecut or Calicut Calecutium a Kingdom in the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies taking its Name from a City seated on the Western Shoars Long. 105. dog Long. and Lat. 11. 22. It is under a Prince of its own who has some other Kings Tributary to him And inhabited by Pagans Mahometans Arabians the Christians of S. Thomas with the Converts of the Mission as to the several Religions of the People Not the King's Sons but the King's Sisters Sons succeed to the Crown The City is very great and has no Walls the European Merchants drive here a plentiful Trade This was the first place in the East-Indies the Portuguese discovered in 1498. Where at first they were kindly received by the King but afterwards he would have destroyed them at the instigation of some Arabian Merchants which necessitated them to joyn with the King of Cochin against him The English also have a good settlement here Calemberg a Country in the Dutchy of Brunswick in the lower circle of Saxony lying along the Weser it is a part of the Style of the Duke of Brunswick § a Mountain in Austria extended from the Danube to the Save and divided into divers parts under as many different names in Latin Caesius Mons understands the whole Mountain Calepio Calepium a Town near Bergamo in Italy upon the River Oglio with a Vally to which it imparts its name Ambrosius Calepinus was a Native of this Town Cales Gadis See Cadiz California a vast Island of North America in the South Sea near New Mexico from which it is parted by the Purple Sea 300 Spanish Leagues in length and 60 in breadth First discovered by Cortesius in 1535. In 1587. Captain Cavendish an English Man took near the South Cape of this Island a very rich Ship In 1620. it was found to be an Island which was thought before to be a part of the Continent Sir Francis Drake in 1577. wintered in this Island and took possession of it for his Mistress calling it Nova Albion Tho said to be exceeding fruitful full of People of a good and quiet humor and disposition yet the Spaniards never attempted to settle here till within about 7 years since It is a dry and unfruitful Country they fish for Pearl upon the Eastern Coast of it Calingae an antient People of the East-Indies mentioned by Pliny Calixine Taniticum one of the Mouths of the Nile Calear a small but fine City in the Dutchy of Cleve in Germany under the Dominion of the Duke of Brandenburg upon the River Men within one German Mile of the Rhine 2 from the City of Cleve a little further from Emeriâ— and 4 from Wesel to the North. Callao or Callao de Lima Callaum a small Island upon the Coast of Peru over against the Port of Lima with a Town in it and a Castle Callirhâ—e a Fountain of Judea beyond Jordan mentioned by Josephus its Waters are Medicinal and yet very pleasant to drink falling into the Lake Asphaltites § Another in Attica particularly taken notice of for flowing with 9 several Streams Plinâ— and Pausanias mention divers others Callo a Fort in Flanders where the States Army received a sharp check in 1638. Calmar Calmaria a very strong City of the Province of Smaland upon the Baltick Sea over against the Isle of Oeland strangely ruined by Fire in 1647. Thenarrow passage between it and Oeland is call'd Calmarsund it lies in Lat. 57. 00. Long. 37. 30. This City was taken by Christian IV. King of Denmark with the slaughter of all the Inhabitants saving those who fled into the Castle in 1611. but was recovered by a Treaty in 1613. by Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden It has a good Port where the Swedes ordinarily Embark for Germany And the Cittadel carries the greatest Name of any in the North. Calne a Market-Town in VViltshire which is the capital of its Hundred upon a River of the same name running from East to West into the Bristol Avon There was a Synod held here in 977. where they say the Clergy presented complaints against St. Dunstan for his partiality to the Monks but whilst the Cause was in debate the Roof of the House fell and St. Dunstan alone escaped unhurt This Corporation returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Caloieron Oros Olympius Maesinus a Mountain now called the Monks Mount by the Greeks and Geschidag by the Turks as Leunclavius saith it stands in the Confines of Bithynia directly South of the famous City of Nice and not far from it Calojero Atalantia a small Island lying near Negropont Calopinica Taurocinium a River of Calabria which falls into the Straits of Sicily between the Promontory of Armi and the City of Regio Calore Calor a River of the Principate in the Kingdom of Naples which riseth from the Apennine washeth Benevento and then falls into the Sabbato Calpe one of the Pillars of Hercules being a high Mountain in the Kingdom of Andalusia in Spain opposite to the antient Abila upon the Coast of Africk Calpurt Colchis a City of Armenia Calsery a small Town in the Kingdom of Iamba in the East-Indies under the Great Mogul about 25 Leagues from the Ganges understood by some to be the Batan Caesara of Ptolomy Calvary Golgotha the holy Mount near the Walls of Jerusalem to the South on which our Saviour dyed It is believed by divers of the Greek and Latin Fathers that Adam was buryed and that Abraham offered to Sacrifice his Son Isaac here Adrian the Emperor in derision of Christianity caused the Idols of Jupiter and Venus to be Erected upon it which Constantine the Great and Helena his Mother demolished in the same place building a Church called Martyrion at first now S. Sepulchre not inferiour to the most beautiful one in the World The Christian Princes have many times bestowed great Benefactions upon this Church The Emperor Heraclius reedified it in 628. after it had been ruined by Chosroes King of Persia in 615 at his taking of Jerusalem The renowned Godfrey of Bouillon made large Additions to it in 1099. There are distinct Apartments in it for the Latin the Greek the Armenian the Syrian the Cophtite and the Abyssine Christians who show you a Chappel where the Cross stood that bore the Sacrifice of our Saviours Body called the Chappel of the Crucifixion the place where he was Embalmed according to the custom of the Jews the place where he is said
first to appear to the Blessed Virgin after his Resurrection called the Chappel of the Apparition the Rock out of which his Sepulchre was hewn and the Tomb itself illuminated with 62 Lamps that burn continually Here are the Tombs of Godfrey of Bouillon the first King of Jerusalem and Baldwin I. his Brother who succeeded him in that Crown Calvi Cales a small City in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples 6 Miles North of Capoua which tho it has not much above 20 Houses is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capoua It withstood a Siege against the French and Turks in 1555. the Antients called it Cales § a Town in the Island of Corsica with a Port and a considerable Fortress to the Gulph of the same name under the Genouese Calydon an antient City of Aetolia in Greece sometime adorned with an Episcopal See and the Title of the Capital of the Country giving Name to a Forest therein § Also the antient Appellation of a part of Scotland towards the County of Perth in which Dunkeld stands see Dunkeld The same continuing to the Northern Sea to this Day Calydoni a little Castle in the Vicentine in Italy whence a Noble Family of Vicenza derives their Name Calzada Calciata a small City in old Castile in Spain once a Bishops See which is now removed to Calahorra from whence it lies 12 Spanish Leagues to the West It is sometimes called S. Domingo de la Calzada from the great Devotion of People to S. Dominick there Henry II. King of Castile dyed here in the year 1379. Calzan Calzun the Arabian Gulph Camala Emisa See Hama Camarina an antient Town of the Island of Sicily built in the year of Rome 150. according to Eusebius and long since ruined leaving only its name to a River in the same Island It s situation near the purulent Lake of Camerina obliging the Inhabitants to drain that Lake up whereby the Enemy obtained a Passage to take the Town occasioned the known Proverb Camarinam movere Camb or Kamp Cambus a River of the Upper Austria in Germany springing towards the Frontiers of Bohemia and ending in the Danube Cambaia the Capital of the Kingdom of Guzurat and a noble Port lying in a very great Bay of the same Name now subject to the great Mogul the City lies in Long 105. Lat. 22. 30. and is one of the greatest the richest the best traded Cities in the East-Indies seated in a fruitful Soil and full of People commonly called the Cairo of the Indies whence the Kingdom of Guzerate is often named the Kingdom of Cambaia It is walled with a fair Wall of Free-stone hath very large Houses straight and broad Streets greater than Surat being ten Leagues in compass and hath 3 Basars or Market places and 4 noble Tanks or Cisterns able to find the Inhabitants Water all the year tho there is 7 fathom Water in the Haven at high water yet at low water the Ships lie dry in the Sand and Mud which cover the bottom of it The Inhabitants are partly Heathens partly Mahometans And in 1638. the English had here a Factory as Mandelslo acquaints us from whom the latter part of this Description is taken Cambala a City in China See Peking some represent it to be 24 Italian Miles in compass Cambalu is the Mascovian and Saracen Name for it Peking the Indian Cambaya Camboya or Camboge a Kingdom in the East-Indies over against the Isle of Borneo bounded on the West with the Kingdom of Siam and on the East with that of Cochin It is Tributary to the King of Siam This Kingdom is almost equally divided by a vast River which in July and August overflows all the Country as the Nile doth Egypt The King of it is a great Friend to the Portuguese as he of Siam is to the Dutch Upon the most Eastern Branch for there are 3 of the River mentioned before stands Cambodia the principal City built upon a rising Ground to prevent the yearly Deluges This Kingdom is extream fruitful but not potent the King not being able to bring above 25 or 30000 Men into the Field first discoverd by Alphonso d'Albuquerque in 1511. as Mandelslo saith Cambodia lies in Long. 135. 00. Lat. 10 35. Cambray Cameracum called by the Flandrians Camerick a City of Hainault upon the Schold Guicciardin saith it is a great fair strong City and has a strong Castle built by Charles V. That it abounds in excellent publick Buildings especially the Cathedral is very great and beautiful that it is populous and rich and was a very antient Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Rhemes but in 1559. exempted by Pope Paul IV. and erected into an Archbishoprick The first place the French possessed themselves of after they came out of Germany in 1445. After this it became an Imperial City and continued so till Charles V. in 1543. built a Cittadel in it and annexed it to his own Dominions The French who all along pretended a Right to it at last in 1677. took it by force after a sharp defence The Archbishops are honored with the style of Dukes of Cambray Earls of Cambresis and Princes of the Empire Cambresis is a considerable Territory betwixt Picardy Flanders Artois and Hainault extreamly fruitful and adorned with a Castle of its own Name in which Henry II. of France and the King of Spain Celebrated that Treaty of Peace in 1559. which the French say was most disadvantageous to them It lies 4 Leagues from Doway South in Long. 26. 06. Lat. 49 45. Cambria the antient Name of the Principality of Wales more especially of the Western part thereof towards Ireland Cambridgeshire hath on the East Suffolk and Norfolk on the West Huntington and Bedford on the South Hartford and on the North Lincolnshire the River Ouse divides it almost in the midst Towards the South end of the County lies the Town which gives it its Name Mr. Camden saith it is called Camboritum being seated upon the East Bank of the River Cam which is here passed by a Bridge This is one of the antientest and noblest Universities in Christendom having 16 Colleges and Halls endowed or Nurseries in it of Piety and Learning the most antient of which is Peter House founded in 1257. by Hugh Balsham a Sub-Prior before which time there was only Hostels wherein the Scholars maintained themselves This place sends 4 Burgesses to the Parliament 2 for the Town and 2 for the University It has been dignified with the Title of an Earldom in several eminent Persons and lately of a Dukedom in 4 Sons of King James II. when Duke of York who all dyed very young Long. 21. 49. Lat. 52. 30. § The English have given the Name of Cambridge to a Town in New England also situated upon the River Merrimick and beautified with several fair Streets besides 2 Colleges in which they aim at the Figure of an University Camelford a Market-Town in the County of Cornwal in
not all inhabited Capoua Capua a City and Archbishoprick in the Kingdom of Naples in the Province Di Lavoro at the foot of Mount Tifata 16 Miles North of Naples and 12 from the Tyrrhenian Sea in Long. 38. 04. Lat. 41. 00. A City that was never fortunate and is now declining into ruins It was built by the Lombards upon the River Voltorno and advanced to a Bishoprick by P. John XIV in 968. Two Leagues from the Ruines of the famous antient Capoua that delicious City as they call'd it which compared itself with Rome and Carthage and so debauched the Army of Hannibal with its pleasures in one Winter that they quartered there after the Battle of Cannae that they were not capable of beating the Romans any more In 1118 Pope Gelasius II. held a Council here in which the Emperour Henry V. was Excommunicated together with Gregory VIII an Antipope Cappadocia a Province of Asia Minor bounded to the East by the Lesser Armenia to the South Cilicia to the West Pamphylia and Galatia and to the North by the Euxine Sea It has been twice a Kingdom The first time for 470 years successively till the Romans overcame and changed it into a Province The second from the 12th Century to the year 1461. by the Title of the Kingdom of Trebisonde from the City Trebisonda till Mahomet II. Emperour of the Turks took and carri'd the King prisoner into Greece It is now known by the name of Tocat See Tocat Capraia Capraria Aegilium is a small Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea on the Confines of the States of Genoua between the Coast of Italy to the East and the Island of Corsica to the West to which last it belongs and is therefore subject to the State of Genoua it is 18 Miles in compass and has a Castle for its security against Pyrats full of Mountains but yet not barren nor unpeopled and chiefly abounds in Goats from whence it hath its Name and excellent Wines 36 Miles South from the States of Genoua and 24 from Corsica There is another Island of the same Name in the Adriatick Sea upon the Coast of Apulia and La Palma one of the Canary Islands was antiently call'd Capraria Caprarola a stately and magnificent Palace in S. Peters Patrimony in Italy 25 miles from Rome near Viterbo belonging to the D. of Parma and built in the last Age by Cardinal Alexander Farnese It is particularly remark'd for a whispering Room in it where four Persons at several Corners shall understand the lowest whispers of one to another whilst those in the middle of the Room cannot here a word that is said It is one of the noblest structures in all Italy Capri Caprea an Island belonging to the Kingdom of Naples famous for the Secession of Tiberius Caesar who lived here in great privacy in the latter part of his Reign spending his time in Debauchery and Villany It lies in the Tyrrhenian Sea at the Mouth of the Bay of Naples about 3 miles from the Cape of Campanella and is about 12 in compass The chief Town of it is called by the same Name and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Amalfi seated at the South End of the Island The Bishops best revenue comes from Quails which twice in the year resort in vast numbers to this Island whence some have called him the Bishop of Quails This Island is much mentioned in the Writers of the Life of Tiberius and other Roman Historians Capsa an antient Town in Libya Interior defended by the Sands and Serpents of the Desarts that environ it on all sides better than any Walls and Ramparts could do say Salust and Florus Carabes Pelusium the most Eastern Mouth of the Nile Carabogaana one of the Names of Moldavia Caragoza Caesar Augusta See Saragoza Caraman Caramania a Province of the Lesser Asia extended from East to West upon the Mediterranean Sea opposite to the Isle of Cyprus this Country had heretofore Princes of its own but has now for many Ages been subject to the Turks it includes the antient Provinces of Cilicia Pamphylia and a part of Caria One of the potentest Viceroys or Beglerbegs of the Turkish Empire takes his Title from this Province tho his Jurisdiction is somewhat larger The principle Cities in it are Cogni Antiochia and Satulia There is another Caramania or Carnania a large Country in Persia bounded on the East with Gedrosia or Circan on the West with Farsi Sublestan to the North and the Gulph of Ormus with the Indian Ocean to the South Containing the Provinces of Guadel Dulcinda and Ormus It is now called Kherman after its capital City which stands upon the River Bessiry The Northern part is rather barren but the middle is blessed with fruitful Vales. Caramit Amida Ammaea the capital City of Mesopotamia which is an Archbishops See upon the River Tigris Heretofore called Constantia from Constantius the Emperour The Romans in this place received a great defeat by the Parthians Long. 75. 00. Lat. 39. 30. according to the latest Maps It is secured with good Walls and 360 Towers Caragues Salvages of Peru in the Province of Quito towards the Coasts of the South Sea Caratcholi or Karakioles a People about the Mountain Caucasus in Asia descended from the Hunns and speaking the Turkish Language Caravacca or Crux de Caravacca so called from a miraculous Crucifix there preserved which they pretend was brought from Heaven by an Angel is a Village amongst the Mountains in the Kingdom of Murcia in Spain near the River Segura upon the Borders of Old Castile Caravaggio a Town in the Dutchy of Milan in Italy upon the Borders of the Bergamasco Where Francis Sforza Duke of Milan gain'd a signal Victory over the Venetians in 1446. Carbury a Town and Barony in the County of Kildare in Ireland and another Town in the County of Cork Carcanossi a fruitful and well cultivated Country in the South of the Isle of Madagascar where the French have established some Colonies not long since Carcassonne Carcassum Volcarum Tectosagum a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Narbonne upon the River Atax l' Aude a little above its confluence with the Fresquel Famous for Cloathing and other mechanick Trades It stands 5 Leagues South of Aleth having a Castle Long. 23. 05. Lat. 42. 40. The Diocese belonging to this City is called Le Comte de Carcassonne the Earldom of Carcassone The antient Earls whereof were great protectors and favourers of the Albigenses Whence One came to be Massacred in the Church at Besiers in 1167. and a Second had his Estate confiscated to the Earl of Monfert by a Decree of the Synod of Mountpellier in 1214. and afterwards of the grand Council of Lateran in 1215. Carcinatus or Carentus the Western Bay of the Euxine Sea which shuts the passage into the Crim Tartary in that Neck of Land which makes it a Peninsula and is defended by the Fort Pericop that gives name to the whole Nation
Not much inhabited Casilimar Halys a River of Paphlagonia in Asia the Less This falls into the Euxine Sea 20 Miles West of Amisum now Simiso Cashel Cassilia Cassellia a City of the Province of Munster and County of Tipperary not far from the River Sewer built upon a Hill and made an Archbishops See by Pope Eugenius III. but now meanly Peopled having suffered much from the English It stands 23 Miles North of Waterford In 1650. it was almost wholly burnt down There was a Council held in this City in the year 1171. Casimambous a People of the Isle of Madagascar of the race of those Arabians which the Calif of Mecca dispatched thither about 200 years ago to instruct the Natives in the Arabick Language Casius see Lison a Mountain of Egypt at the foot whereof stood heretofore a Town called Casium famous for the Sepulchre of Pompey and a Temple of Jupiter Castona Castulo a City in the Kingdom of Andaluzia in Spain upon the River Guadalimar which has sometime been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo Famous for the Defeat of the Moors in the year 1202. in the Reign of Alphonsus King of Castile the Christians killing 200000 of them upon the spot near this place The Caspian Sea was named at first the Sea of Chosar from a great Granchild of Noah Nubius in his Geography stiles it the Sea of Thavisthan The Moors call it and the Gulph of Arabia Bohar Corsuin the Persians call both Kulsum the Greek and Latin Writers the Caspian and Hyrcanian Sea the Muscovites Gualenskoy-more The Antients generally thought it a Bay of the Great Indian Ocean or that it had some Communication with the Euxine Sea Though a vast number of Rivers fall into this Sea yet it is not perceived any way to increase It is in length from North to South 120 Miles in breadth 90. Some represent it 800 Miles long and 650 broad In the Winter for the most part frozen It is in effect no other than a great Lake The Waters of it are as salt as any other yet it neither Ebs nor flows nor has any Islands This Sea has the Kingdom of Astracan on the North Persia on the South Circassia on the West and Caratansca on the East Casriae Portae are certain difficult Passes through the Rocks and Mountains near the Caspian Sea in the Province of Schirvan in Persia only large enough for a single Chariot 8000 paces together leading to the Cities of Teflis and Derbent whence they are sometimes called the Gates of Teflis and Derbent amongst the Turks Temir Capi that is the Iron Gate see Derbent § The Caspian Mountains are a Chain of Mountains extended from North to South in Asia betwixt Armenia and the Caspian Sea § The Caspii were an antient People amongst the Scythians upon the Borders of the same Sea Cassandt a small Island upon the Coast of Flanders over against l' Ecluse with a Village in it and a Fortress under the Hollanders Cassano a City in the Hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza with the Title of a Principality situate near a small River called Lione § Also a great Town in the Milanese upon the River Adda between Crema and Bergamo Cassel a City in the Marquisate of Hessen upon the River Fuld which is well fortified It stands 13 German Miles from Marpurg in the Confines of the Dukedom of Brunswick the usual Residence of the Landgraves of Hessen antiently called Castellum Cattorum It is a large City well built and fortified and the Capital of the said Landgravate § Cassel or Mont-Cassel Castellum Morinorum a small Town in Flanders 4 Leagues from Bergue S. Vinoch and at an equal distance from Aire in a good Soil and well fortified with a considerable Jurisdiction belonging to it It has been taken and retaken upon divers Occasions but most memorable for the Battle here fought Apr. 11. 1677. betwixt the French commanded by the Duke of Orleans and the Dutch and Spanish Armies commanded by the Prince of Orange who proposing to relieve S. Omers then besieged by the Duke was repulsed in this Battel so that the Town yielded to the French within a few days after Cassemir or Chismeer a Province of the Empire of the Great Mogul in the hither East-Indies towards Tartary Casseneuil a small Town in the County of Agenois in Guyenne in France upon the River Lot 5 Leagues from Agen. Formerly adorn'd with a Palace Royal in which the Emperor Charles the Great took particular Delight and Lewis the Debonnaire his Son was bornin 778. Casseuil a Town upon the Garonne in the Diocese of Bazas in Guyenne in France Heretofore adorn'd with a Palace-Royal which disputes the Honor of being the Birth-Place of Lewis the Debonnaire with the precedent Casseneuil Cassian or Caschan a large handsome populous and trading City in the Province of Hyerach in Persia in a Plain 3 Days journey from Hispahan in the Way to the Caspian Sea only it wants good Water and the people are infested with Scorpions Cassin or Mont-Cassin a celebrated Abbey in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples built by S. Benedict the Patriarch of the Occidental Monks and inhabited by him There was heretofore a City of the same Name at the Foot of the Hill upon which this Abbey stands It was an Episcopal See under the Pope but falling into Ruines the See became united with that of S. Germain a City that has sprung out of those Ruines of Cassin Cassiopeia an antient City and Territory in the Kingdom of Epirus in Greece upon the Frontiers of Macedonia It has had the Honor of an Episcopal See and is a different Place from the Cassiope of Pliny and Ptolemy which stands to the Sea in the same Kingdom and is now called Joannina Cassiterides the antient Name of two Islands upon the Northern Coast of Galaecia in Spain given them by the Greeks from the White Lead they found in them Now call'd Zigarga and S. Cyprian They lie opposite to the Cap d'Orteguere Cassopo a Town in the North of the Island of Corfou heretofore called Cassiopeia and famous for a Temple dedicated to Jupiter It is now nothing more than a ruin'd Fortress besides a Church under the Care of some religious Greeks where they have a Figure of the B. Virgin that is famed for doing of Miracles Cassovia Vide supra Caschaw This City was granted to Bethlehem Gabor by Ferdinand II. in 1620. Cassubia or Cassuben a Dutchy in the Province of Pomerania in Germany under the Elector of Brandenburg between the Baltick Sea Prussia and Stetin Colberg is one of its Principal Towns Castabala Perasia an antient City of Cilicia in Asia Minor upon the Confines of Syria and the Gulph of Lajazzo between Anazarbe and Adana Diana had formerly a famous Temple in her Honor here Castalius a Fountain of Phocis in Greece dedicated by the antient Poets to Apollo
Market-Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Frebridge which Elects two Burgesses for the Parliament The Haven here being many years since choak'd up with Sands has brought this Town into decay Caston a Market-Town in Norfolk in the Hundred of S. Erpingham Castor a Market-Town in the Division of Lindsey in Lincolnshire and in the Hundred of Bradley Castres or Chartreux Castrum Albiensium a City and a Bishop's See upon the North side of the River Gout in the County of Albigeois in Languedoc in France This Bishoprick was first instituted by P. John XXII in 1317. under the Archbishop of Berry but in 1678. it was put under the Archbishop of Alby from which place itstands 7 Leagues to the South and 10 from Tholouse to the East The Huguenots took and Pillaged it in 1567. It also honoured with the Title of an Earldom Castro a Dutchy and Town belonging to the House of Farneze the Dukes of Parma but likewise challenged by the Ecclesiastical State For in the Wars betwixt Edward Duke of Parma and Pope Vrban VIII this Town amongst others was seised for the Pope in consideration of the Arrears of a certain Rent reserved to the Apostolick Chamber from the Dutchy as held to be a Fief of the Church Innocent X. razed it entirely to the ground and in the place thereof erected a Pillar with this Inscription Here was Castro and annexed the Dutchy to his See But the said Annexation was conditionally revoked by the Treaty of Pisa in 1664. The admirable Palace of Caprarola stands in this Dutchy The Dutchy is bounded on the East by S. Peter's Patrimony the Siennese to the West the Mediterranean to the South and the Territory of Orvieto to the North. The City had the Honor to be a Bishop's See immediately under the Pope till the Year 1646 that Innocent X. transferr'd the See to Acqua pendente and quite destroy'd Castro as we said in revenge because the inhabitants happened to kill the Bishop that he sent thither to reside and govern It stood about 11 Miles from the Sea near Toscanella and Corneto environed with such Precipices as rendred the access to it very Difficult § A City in the Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples being a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Otranto upon the Shoars of the Ionian Sea Ravaged by the Turks in 1537. who carried away a great Number of the Inhabitants into Slavery Some suppose it to be the Castrum Minervae of the Antients § There are others of inferiour Note One in the Hither Calabria near Cassano A second in the Province of Abruzzo call'd Castro Novo A third in the Campagnia di Roma A fourth in the Basilicate Another in the Island of Meleos c. Catadupi a People of Aethiopia about the Cataracts of the Nile deafned says Tully in Somnio Scip. by the Noise of them Catalognia a Province and Principality in Spain bounded on the West by the Kingdoms of Arragon and Valentia on the East and South by the Mediterranean Sea and on the North it has the Pyrenean Hills which separate it from France Heretofore it had Earls of its own who were under the Protection of the Crown of France but in 1137. it was annexed to the Kingdom of Arragon a mountainous but fertile Country and well watered with Rivers The Inhabitants are great Lovers of their Civil Liberties and being ill us'd by some Irish Soldiers which were quartered upon them in 1640. they revolted from Spain and call'd in the French but during the Civil Wars of France about 1652. they returned to their old Master the King of Spain again By the Treaty of Peace in 1659 the Pyrenees are made to divide the two Kingdoms of France and Spain Barcelona is the Capital City of this Country Catania one of the principal Cities of Sicily on the Eastern shoar of that Island about forty Miles North of Syracuse It has a Port made of late Years and is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Montreale On the South of it runs a small River called Judicello This City was built by the Chalcidian Greeks as Eusebius saith Charles V. wall'd and fortified it against the Turks and Moors by which Securities it grew Great and Rich but in 1669. it suffered very much by a dreadful Irruption of Mount Aetna which stands about 20 Miles North from it four Rivers with Fire or melted Rocks and Earth making their Way through the Territories of this City and bearing down all before them passed a Mile into the Sea before those Waters were able to conquer this outrageous Fire so that it was then thought the whole Island of Sicily would have perish'd Aetna is observ'd to overflow with Torrents of Fire every 15 Years K. Hiero died in this City The Remains of an Amphitheatre with divers Inscriptions and Marks of its Antiquity are yet to be seen Long. 39. 40. Lat. 37. 00. Our English Sandys saith That the Bay upon which it stands is but shallow and not capable of Ships The Country fruitful and the City being an Vniversity and not having much Trade is the more inhabited by Gentlemen Catanzaro Catacium a City in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Regio 2 or 3 Miles from the Ocean between Squillaci and Nicastro Cataonia an antient City and Country in Asia Minor between Cilicia and Cappadocia in Strabo's time subject to the King of Cappadocia Bellona had a sumptuous Temple in her honour in this City to whose service above 6000 Men and Women were Consecrated under the direction of a Soveraign Priest who here resided Cateau or Catteau-Cambresis Castrum Cameracense a small Town in the district of Cambresis 5 Leagues from Cambray and 2 from Landreci The Treaty of Peace in 1559. by the French said to be so disadvantageous to them was celebrated here Ce Catelet a Town in Picardy upon the River Escaut and the Frontiers of Hainault and Cambresis Taken by the Spaniards in 1557. and once again in this Age but restored to the French by the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659. A considerably strong place Caterlagh Catherlogh Carlough Caterlogum a City in the Province of Leinster in Ireland on the West side of the River Barrow 30 Miles South-West of Dublin which Lionel Duke of Clarence began to Wall and Bellingham Lord Lieutenant of Ireland fortified with a Castle This is also the head of a County of the same Name Cathness Catnesia Cathanesia is the most Northern County in the Kingdom of Scotland on the North and East washed by the Caledonian Ocean on the West it hath the same Ocean and the County of Strathnavern in part and on the South it hath Sutherland Generally barren little inhabited yet it is a Bishoprick and an Earldom Catolica a Town in the Province of Romagna in Italy between Pesaro and Rimini so call'd in the third Century from the Catholicks of the Council of Rimini who
separating themselves from the Arians who in the number of 400 Bishops convocated by Pope Liberius to this Council carried the Majority by a great many came hither to say their Masses Cattay or Catio a Region of Asia supposed by learned Men to be China or some part of it towards the North comprehending the Provinces of Peking Xantung Honan Suchuen Xensi and Xansi whereof Peking is the Capital City Being under the K. of Tartary it is likewise called Tartary de Kan Cattaro Cattara a City in Dalmatia which has been under the Venetians ever since 1420. It is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Bari and is a strong Place well seated on a Hill having a Castle belonging to it and 17 Villages It lies 40 Miles South of Ragusa and 35 North-West of Scutari upon a Bay of the Adriatick Sea call'd Cattaro which takes its name from this Place The Turks have often attempted to take it in Vain Catti an antient People of Hassia and Thuringia in Germany who sometime passing into Holland have left the Names of Catwick Opzee to a Town upon the Sea Coast and Catwick op den Rhein to another upon the Rhine In the Reign of Tiberius the Hermanduri gave them a terrible Defeat wherein they destroy'd both Man and Beast upon a pretence of having Consecrated the Spoils to Mars and Mercury Catzenelbogen Catti Meliboci a Country in the Province of Weteraw in Germany under the Landgrave of Hesse Cassel The antient Catti its Inhabitants have left it this Name In the Year 1548. the Emperor Charles V. adjudged this Country to William Earl of Nassau who made pretensions to it But the Arrest was afterwards cassated by the Treaty of Paslaw Cava a great and populous City and a Bishop's See in the hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples seated partly upon a Hill and partly in a Valley within four Miles of Salerno and about 20 from Naples to the South This Bishop was heretofore a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Salerno but now exempted and is immediately under the Pope which Honor was obtained from Boniface IX in 1394. yet is the Bishop's Jurisdiction limited with the Walls of the City There is also a Abbey in it Cavado Cavadus a River of Portugal which ariseth in Gallicia and watering the City of Braga falls into the Ocean Cavaillon Cabellio Vrbs Cavallicorum a small and ill built City in the County of Venaissin in Provence in France in an Isle made by the River Durance within 4 Leagues of Avignon to the South-East This is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Avignon and under the Dominion of the Pope Cavan a Town and County in the Province of Vlster in Ireland The Duke of Berwick in an Action before this Town against K. William's Forces Feb. 11. 1689. had his Horse shot under him It is not without a strong Fort. Caucasus a Part of the great Mountain of Taurus in Asia towards Georgia beginning about the Mouth of the River Phasis It is very fruitful and well inhabited by Christians for the most part of the Georgian Church Full of Rocks and Precipices and shewing the Ruins of several Castles and Churches Yet covered at the Top with Snow perpetually Cauda a River of Cumberland which running through West-Ward Forrest by Dauston on the West of Carlisle falls into the River Eden Caudebec Calidobeccum a considerable Town in Normandy upon the Northern shoar of the River Seine in the Pais de Caux about 5 Miles West of Rouen 7 from le Haure East much Celebrated for Weaving This is one of the Principal Towns of the Pais de Caux which is bounded by the British Sea to the North and West by Picardy to the East and by the Seine to the South and lies from East to West 25 Leagues The Caudebec Hats come from hence The Caves in Wiltshire between Luckington and great Badminton upon the Edge of the County nine in Number of a Row of several Dimensions the least 4 Foot broad and 9 or 10 Foot long are credibly supposed to be the Tombs of some Heroick Men among the antient Romans Saxons or Danes because Spurs and Pieces of Armour have been digged out of them Cavita de Manilha Manilhanus Sinus a Gulph of the Philippine Islands Cavours a Town 5 Leagues from Pignerol in Piedmont under the French near the River Peles fortified with two Castles It was taken by Lesdiguieres in 1594. and retaken by the Duke of Savoy the Year after Now made a Dependant of Pignerol Caurestan a great Village in the Province of Farsistan in Persia betwixt Lar and the Isle of Ormus Caux or Pais de Caux a District contain'd within the Province of Normandy in France betwixt the Seine and the Sea in which Diepe Haure de Grace Caudebec Aumale S. Vallery c. are comprehended There is also of the same Name with it a Town and a Promontory Cawood a Market-Town in the West-Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Barkston Caxamalca a Country within the Province of Lima in Peru adorn'd heretofore with Divers Royal Palaces of the Inca's of that Kingdom Thirty Leagues from the Pacifick Sea but near the River Vagna It was here that the Noble Atabalipa King of Peru was defeated and taken Prisoner by Francis Pizarro who basely and barbarously afterwards murthered him in 1533. Caxton a Market-Town in Cambridgeshire in the Hundred of Stow. Caxume the Capital City of the Kingdom of Tigremahon in Abyssinia thought to be the same with the Tenesis of Strabo where the Queen of Sheba dwelt that visited Solomon Cayenne an Island under the French in the North Sea upon the Coast of Guyana about 20 Leagues in Circuit 4 Degrees from the Equinoctial Northward and South of the Disembogure of the River Cayenne which glides betwixt the Countries of the Caribes and the Galibes It s principal Commodity is Tobacco The French have built themselves a Fort at Bourg their cheifest Settlement of about 200 Houses and besides they guard the Harbor with Canon Cayernittes some small Islands frequented by the Fishers for Tortoises which here are to be found of the largest Size near the Western shoar of Hispaniola in America Cayphas an antient Town so call'd from Caiphas High Priest of the Jews who formerly re edified it at the Foot of Mount Carmel in the Holy Land upon the shoars of the Mediterranean 2 Leagues by Water from S. Jean d' Acre Since Saladine demolish'd it in 1191. it has never been fortified again and therefore now become a Village inhabited by some Moors Jews and Greeks Cazan See Casan Cazares an antient People who took part with the Hunns and the Avares in their Incursions to ravage the Empire Cea Ceos or Zee Zie and antiently among the Greeks call'd Hydrusca is one of the Cyclades Islands in the Aegean Sea whereof Julide Julis is the Capital City in which Simonides and Bacchylides the two famous Lyrique Poets with the Philosopher Ariston are said to be born
chief Town Leutsch with the Southern part of the County is subject to the Emperor as King of Hungary John de Zapol Earl of this County was crowned King of Hungary in 1526. Ceram or Ceiram a pretty large and well inhabited Island in the Indian Ocean betwixt Terra des Papaous Gilolo c. and the Moluccaes Affording Spices and the like Indian Commodities Ceramici the Tuilleries of old Athens Cerasus an antient Town of Cappadocia upon the Coast of the Euxine Sea now called Chirissonda and otherwise Emid oâ— Omidie In Pomponius Mela's Time we find it was as considerable a Place as Trebizonde assuming this name from the abundance of Cherries that grew in it which Lucullus first brought into Italy from hence says Athenaeus and S. Jerom in his Return from the Conquest of Pontus and Armenia It is very little inhabited now and under the Turks as all the rest of Anatolia Ceraunii Acroceraunii Montes The Greeks are us'd to call by this Name divers Chains of Mountains whose Heighth exposes them to be struck with Lightning and Thunder But it more especially understands those upon the Confines of Epirus running a vast length from East to West between that Kingdom and Albania about 50 Miles distant from the Island of Corfou Now known by the Name of Monti di Chimaera in Chaonia and Chimarioti Cerdanna Cerdagne Cerretania is a County annexed to Catalaunia and belongs to the Crown of Spain though it lies on the North side of the Pyrenean Hills It has Languedoc on the North the County of Rousillon on the East from which it is separated by the Pyrenean Hills and on the North and South Catalaunia divided into two parts by the River Segre Sicoris the Eastern part of it has been under the French ever since the Year 1660. according to the Regulation of the general Peace in the Year precedent The antient Cerretani were of this Country The Capital Town whereof is Puicerda Ceremissi See Czeremissi Cerenza or Cirenza See Acerenza Cerigo Cytherea an Island upon the Coast of the Morea belonging to the Venetians between Cape Matapan to the West and Cape Anzolo to the East The first Island of the Archipelago towards Europe at the Distance of 40 or 45 Miles from Candia about 60 in Circuit and antiently dedicated to Venus whom the Poets represent as born at Cithera which was a Town here of so much Note as to give Name to the whole Island The Lacedemonian Vessels from Egypt and Libya made this Island their Retreat Sometimes stil'd the Lanthorn of the Archipelago because it is from hence that you may see the Countenance of the Turks and sometimes Porphyris by the Antients from the abundance of Porphyry found in it It is now adorned with a City standing upon a Rock having a Castle and a convenient Port to it very strong by Nature and Art of the same Name with it self which is also an Episcopal See and full of People Great Veneration is paid to the Monastery of San Giovanni della grotta here above all others belonging to the religious Greeks because the People have been perswaded that S. John began the Book of the Revelations in the Place where it stands Cerisoles a small Town in Piedmont near Carmagnole famous for the Victory obtained by the French under the Conduct of the Duke d' Enguien at 22 Years of Age over the Marquess du Guast in 1544. twelve thousand being kill'd upon the Place Cerne a Market-Town in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Totcombe standing in a Champaign Country and watered with a fine Rivulet considerable for its being heretofore an Abbey-Town Cervetere a great and flourishing Place in the Times of the Old Romans under the Name of Caere Vetus the Capital of Hetruria Now a small Town in S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy 8 Miles from Bracciano and 3 from the Thuscan Sea The Tabulae Caerites in which the Censors set down the Names of Persons who for Misdemeanours were deprived of the Right of Suffrage received that Appellation from hence For when the Gauls took Rome this Town entertained the Refugee Romans with so much Kindness that they had the Honour afterwards the first of any People as a Reward for the same to be made a free City of Rome nevertheless without the Right of Suffrage Cervia otherwise call'd Ficocle is a City in the Province of Romandiola in Italy upon the Adriatick with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ravenna A Synod was held in it in 1634. Cesena Curva Cesena in Antoninus is a City in the Province of Romandiola in Italy upon the River Savio with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ravenna It has sometime belong'd to the Bolognese sometime to particular Families till at last remitted to the Church You see in it the Ruins of a Castle which the Emperor Ferdinand II. is said to have built Pope Alexander VI. gave it to Caesar Borgia But he did not enjoy it long It has been many times near the being entirely ruined by Factions Cesse a River in the Dutchy of Luxemburg in the Low-Countries passing by Ham sur Lesse near Rochfort then by the Mouth of a hideous Cavern throwing it self entirely under Ground for the space of a League and at its Rise again appearing with the same Freshness as it hath at its Descent Attempts are made to search into the subterraneous Abyss in vain for the Frightfulness of the Danger frustrates all Ceva Ceba a Town in Piedmont upon the River Tanaro in the Borders of the Marquisate of Montisferat towards the Apennine and the Dictrict call'd the Langhe This had heretofore Marquesses of its own but is now subject to the Duke of Savoy It lies seven Miles from Mondui to the South eighteen from Savona to the North and the same Distance from Alba to the West being the Capital of the said District of le Langhe with a Castle In 1558 the French took it Cevennes a Territory at the Foot of the Mount of Cevennes in Languedoc See Sevennes This Country was for a long time the Theatre of the Civil Wars of Religion towards the End of the last and the Beginning of this Age till Lewis XIII brought the Rebels under Subjection Ceurawalth the Name of an austere Sect amongst the Banjans in the East-Indies They so superstitiously believe the Metampsychosis as to be afraid of killing the least Insect and for the Mortifications of Life they may be compared with the most Religious Votaries of any Profession whatsoever Ceuta a Town and Castle in the Province of Habat in the Kingdom of Fez in Barbary upon the Streights of Gibraltar belonging to the King of Portugal the Capital in former times of Mauritania Tingitana call'd by the Romans Civitas by Mela Septa by Ortelius thought to be the Exilissa of Ptolomy From the Romans the Goths from the Goths the Arabs from them John I. King of Portugal took it in 1415. It has a Collegiate with the Rights of a Cathedral Church in it
Wall and has a spacious Castle on the other side of the River supposed to have risen first out of the Ruines of Venta Silurum the Capital City of the ancient Silures four Miles distant from it Cher Caris a River which riseth in Auvergne near Clermont and running North-West through Berry and on the South side of Tours a little below this last it falls into the Loyre Cherazoul a Town in the Province of Curdistan in Asia in the Road from Ninive to Hispahan of very difficult access from the manner of its construction within a steep and cleted Rock Cherbourg Caroburgus a Sea-Port in Normandy in France which has a tolerable good Harbor ten Leagues West of Constance This Town was lost by the English in 1453. Honfleur and Beaumont stand near it Chersonesus Aurea See Malaca Some believe this to be the Land of Ophir of King Solomon's time Cherry-Issand an Island on the Coast of Greenland in the most Northern part of the World discovered to us and denominated accordingly by Sir Francis Cherry There are many Mines of Lead growing in it Chertsey A Market Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred not far from the River Thames over which it enjoys a Bridge The unfortunate King Henry VI. was first interred without Pomp here and afterwards removed to Windsor Cherusci an Antient and Valiant People of Germany that dwelled between the Elbe and the Weser having the Catti and the Hermonduri their Neighbours to the South East and West Their General Arminius is often mention'd with honour by Tacitus Cherwell a River in Oxfordshire at the confluence of which with the Isis stands the most famous University of Oxford Chesee Povillux a Town in Champagne the Inhabitants whereof claim the privilege to assist at the Coronation of the Kings of France and to convey the Holy Ampoulle or Oil pretended to be brought by an Angel at the Consecration of the first Christian King of that Kingdom from St. Rheimes to our Ladies Church in Rheimes Chesham a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Burnham Chester Civitas Legionum Cestria is a City and Bishoprick on the River Dee in the Westernpart of Cheshire whence often call'd West-Chester with a fair Stone Bridge over that River In this City it was that 7 Kings of the Scots and Brittains by way of Homage rowed King Edgar in his Barge from S. John's Church to his Palace himself as Sovereign holding the Helm The East-gate is accounted one of the stateliest in England and the Rows or Galleries made along the chief Streets for preservation against the Rain are very particular It was an ancient Roman Town call'd by Ptolemy Devana made a Bishops See by Henry VIII who put it under the Archbishop of York The ancient Earls of Chester fortified it both with Walls and a Castle It is now at this day a fine Place with 10 Parishes in it a County Palatine and the usual passage from England to Ireland It s Long. 20. 23. Lat. 53. 11. Cheshire Cestria hath on the South Shropshire on the East Stafford and Darby on the North Lancashire and on the West Denbigh and Flintshire towards the North-West it has a Promontory that runs a great way into the Sea It abounds more in good Pasturage than Corn well stored with Parks and watered by the Rivers Dee Weever and Mersey and the Cheese of this County is thought the best of England The Earldom of it belongs to the Prince of Wales Chesterfield a Market Town in Derbyshire in the Hundred of Scarsdale pleasantly seated between two small Rivers in a very good Soil King John made it a free Borough King Henry III. and his Barons fought that Battel hard by it in which Robert de Ferrers Earl of Derby was taken Prisoner and lost his Estate and Dignity King Charles I. advanced it to the Style and Title of an Earldom in the Person of Philip Lord Stanhop Anno 1628. whose Grandson at present possesses that Dignity Cheuxan an Island upon the Coast of the Province of Chekiang in China planted by above 70 small Towns and Villages of the Chinese Chewton a Market Town in Somersetshire the Capital of its Hundred also written Chewton-Mendip Chiampana Ciampa a Kingdom of the further East-Indies between Couchin-China Cambaja and the Mare Sinicum Pulocacien is the principal City of it Chiamsi a Province towards the South of China Chiangare See Galatia a Province of the Lesser Asia Chiapa a Province of New Spain in America watered by the Rivers Gryalva and rio blanco and for many Ages past inhabited by 4 different Nations of Indians It s Capital City is Civdad Real Chiarenza a Town in the Morea fifty five English Miles from Patras to the South It is a Sea-Port-Town Chiaromonti Claromons a considerable Town in the South-East part of Sicily in the Valley of Netina amongst the Mountains about forty Miles from Pachino to the West Chiavari Clavarum Claverinum a small but well inhabited Town upon the Coast of Genoua near Rapello in Italy towards the fall of the River Layagna The Genouese are said to build it in 1167. and after it had been ruined to rebuild it Chiavenne vide Claven Chichester Cicestria a City and Bishoprick in Sussex founded by Cissa II. King of the South Saxons After the Conquest it became a Bishops See the Chair being removed from Selsey a small Village not much above sive Miles to the Southward This City is seated on a River call'd the Lavant which encompasseth it on the West and South about six Miles from the Sea and almost in the Western Border of that County The Honorable Charles Fitz-Roy Duke of Southampton was created Earl of Chichester September 10. 1675 by Charles II. his Father It is a fair City with five or six Parish Churches and a Cathedral first erected by Radulph the third Bishop afterwards rebuilt and beautified by Bishop Seffrid the second of the Name when it had been almost consumed twice by Fire The Corporation elects two Burgesses for Parliament and would enjoy a better Trade were not the Haven choaked up that is next adjoining to â—it Chidley a Market Town in Devonshire on the River Tinge Chiemzee or Chiempsee Chiemium a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Saltzburgh in the Dukedom of Bavaria about ten Leagues from Munich and Saltzburgh each It is no very considerable place An Archdeacon of Saltzburgh founded the Bishoprick in the year 1214. Chieri a Town in Piedmont where the French obtained a signal Victory against the Spaniards in 1639. It lies three Miles to the Eastward of Turino and was heretofore a Potent City and a Common-wealth but is now in Subjection to the Duke of Savoy Chifale an Island in the Gulph of Arabia Chilafa or Chielefa is a Fortress on the South of the Morea thirty eight English Miles North-West of Cape Matapan a Place of great Importance both as to its natural and artificial Fortifications and surrendred to the Venetians in 1686.
honour in former times to be first an Episcopal See under Rhodes and afterwards an Archiepiscopal one Now inhabited by Turks Jews Latin and Greek Christians with the free exercise of their respective Religions It enjoys the advantage of a good Port and Castle to enrich and desend it and they reckon about fifteen Villages in the Island besides Chioza Clodia Fossa Chioggia a small City which is a Bishops See in a small Island of the Adriatick about fifteen Miles from Venice South made famous by the Valour of the Genoese who in 1380. took it but it returned under the Dominion of the Venetians again The Bishop is a Suffragan to the Patriarch of Venice Chiorlick a Town in Romandiola near to which Bajazet defeated his Son Selim who was then in Rebellion against him Chippenham a Market Town in Wiltshire The Capital of the Hundred upon the River Avon It returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Chipping-Norton a Market Town in Oxfordshire in the Hundred of Chadlington Chipping-Ongar a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Ongar Chisary the only Town of Turcomania the ancient Seat of the Turks in Asia seated upon the River Euphrates near its Head or Spring forty five German Miles West of Testis Chiton a Province of the Empire of the Great Mogul in the Terra firma of the Indies betwixt the Provinces of Malva and Guzurate having a City of its own Name for the Capital in which you see the Remains of divers Magnificent Pagods or Pagan Temples together with a Castle which serves for a Prison of State Chnin or Knin The same with Clin. Chobar see Chaibar Chocolococa or Castro Virreyna as the Spaniards call it a Town in the Kingdom of Peru sixty Leagues from Lima to the South and two from the Silver Mines of a Mountain that is perpetually covered with Snow The Silver is fine but the Veins not being very full of it they pay no more than the Tenths to the King of Spain Chogaco a Castle in the Lower Hungary surrendred to the Imperialists Octob. 18. 1687. Chogan a Town in the Province of Xansi in China near the River Fy remarkable for a Flying Bridge as the Chinese call it because it is elevated fifty Perches high in the Air which communicates a passage betwixt two Mountains on each side the River at the distance of forty Perches from one another yet consists but of a single Arch. Cholm-Kill Insula Sancti Columbani Rana an Island in the West of Scotland famous for a Monastery there built by Columbanus the Apostle of the Scotch Nation it lies opposite to Knapdale thirteen Miles North of Yea and about fifty from New-Castle in Ireland This is one of the five Islands called Hebudes or Hebrides The ancient City Sodore stands in it Chonad Canadum Genadum a City in the Vpper Hungary upon the River Merish which falls into the Tibiscus at Segedin about three German Miles East of Segedin This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza and the Capital of the County of Chonad which lies between the Rivers of Merish and Temez Chorasan See Corasan Chotezim Chotimia See Cotzchin Christ-Church A Market Town in Hampshire situated betwixt the Rivers Avon and Stower at their fall into the Sea It is the Capital of its Hundred and has the Privilege of Electing two Burgesses for the Parliament Christianstad Christianopolis a Town of Denmark in the Confines of Sweden adorned by Christian IV. King of Denmark It lies in the County of Bleckling taken by the Swedes and burnt in 1611. which was the occasion of rebuilding it There is a good Port to the Baltick Sea there Christina a Town in New Sweden in the Northern America built by the Swedes in the year 1640. and so called from Christina their Queen of famous Memory The Dutch and English have since taken it from the Swedes and the latter again from former Chthonia a very ancient Name of the Island of Crete Chucheu a great City and Territory extending its Jurisdiction over nine other Cities in the Province of Chekiang in China set about with Mountains but the Valleys thereof are fruitful enough Chunking the Capital City of the Territory of this Name in the Province of Suchuen in China having nineteen old Cities under its Command It is one of the most Magnificent Places in China Chudleigh a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Exmister The Lord Clifford has a Noble Seat here to whom it gives the Title of a Baron Chulmleigh a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Witheridge Church-Stretton a Market Town in the County of Salop in the Hundred of Munslow Churnet a River of Staffordshire Chusistan Susiana a Province of the Kingdom of Persia bounded by the Gulph of Balsera to the South the Provinces of Eatz to the East and Hyrach West The Capital City Sauster whence some of the Moderns call the Province Schouster Chuâ—ei a People of the ancient Province called Chuta in Persia who being transplanted to Samaria whence afterwards called Samaritans and there adoring the Idols that they brought with them of the Gentile invention were infested with Lions out of the Desart till they gat a Jewish Priest to instruct them in the manner of the God of the Land And then they served their Idols and the God of Israel together This transplantation happened upon the carrying away of the Jews Captives to Assyria 2 Kings 17. The men of Cuth v. 30. meaning these Chutes Cibola or Civola a Province of the Southern America the same with what the Spaniards call New Granada from a City of that Name of their building Cicones an ancient People of Thrace near the River Hebrus Ovid mentions them upon the occasion of a River in their Country that would petrisie the Bowels of such as drunk of it Flumen habent Cicones quod potum Saxea reddit Viscera quod tactis inducit marmora rebus Cicules or Zeckels a People in the North of Transylvania towards the Confines of Poland thought to be a remainder of the Huns under another Name or else derived from Tartary In Religion they are generally Calvinists or Socinians They possess seven several quarters thereabouts whereof the Capital Town is Neumark Cilicia a Province of Asia the Less lying along the Coast of the Mediterranean with Cappadocia and a part of Armenia to the North. Now contained in the Province of Caraman and sometimes called Finichia Tharsus Pompeiopolis Lajazzo are the principal Cities of it Cillei Cilleja Celia a Town in Stiria upon the River Saana which soon after falls into the Drave The Capital of a County of the same Name about five Miles from the Borders of Carniola Northward Cimbri the Origine of this ancient People lies under dispute as whether descended from the Scythians or the Saxons or the Danes or whether the same with the Cimmerii Cluverius supposes that they did anciently possess the Cimbrica Chersonesus It is certain that about the year of
Rome 639. these People marched with an Army of 300000. fighting Men besides Women and Children in search of a New Country to live in And being joined by the Teutones the Ambrones the Tigurii and others in the way they ravaged Germany Istria Sclavonia the Grisons Switzerland till met and overcome by Marius in a very bloody Battle in the Field called Campus Marii between Aix and S. Maximin near the little River Arc in Province Anno Romae 652. Cimmerii the ancient Name of a People in Italy that dwelt in subterraneous Caverns near the Lake Averno and of another towards the Euxine Sea from whom the Bosphorus Cimmerius derives its denomination Whether of these two occasioned the Proverb Cimmeriae Tenebrae from the darkness of their habitations the Learned make a difference not worth the determining Cinaloa a Province of New Mexico in the South America bounded by Guadalajara to the South and to the North by the Vermiglian Ocean Cinan a great City in China in the Province of Xantum in the North-East of that Kingdom in Long. 145. Lat. 36. It is adorned with divers stately Palaces and Pagods The Jesuits have also a Church here and nine and twenty other Cities lie under the Jurisdiction of this Cinca or Cinga a River of the Kingdom of Aragon in Spain springing from the Pyrenees below Bielsa afterwards joining the Segre about Fraga and ending with the Ebro Lucan styles it Cinga rapax Ciucheu see Quancheu Cingary a People of Africa Cingcheu a great City in the Province of Xantung in China with a Territory containing thirteen Cities more The Territory is full of Hills yet not defective in the Necessaries of Life Ciolfa or Zulpha a Town of Armenia upon the River Aras desolated by Scha-Abas King of Persia and all the Inhabitants carried away into Persia and setled in Gilan and Hispahan there for to promote the Trade of Silks Cioutat a fair Town and a secure Port in Provence in France betwixt Marseilles and Thoulon adorned with divers Churches and Religious Houses Particularly at a Monastery of the Services hard by it there is a remarkable Fountain ebbing and flowing with the Sea The Name is but a Corruption of Civitas Ciradio a River of Corsica Circassia is a vast space of ground extended from the Cimmerian Bosphorus and the Fens of Maeotis on the Eastern Shoars of the Euxine Sea for the space of five hundred Miles reaching two hundred towards the North. A Country fitly seated for Trade but possessed by most Barbarous Tartars who delight only in War and roving they pretend to something of Christianity having been converted in the eighth Century but then they never enter the Church till they are old serving the Devil in their Youth and God in their Age when they can neither Rob nor Murder any longer Olearius placeth them upon the Western Shoar of the Caspian Sea They are subject for the most part to the Grand Czar Cirencester Corinium Durocornovium Cornovium an old Roman City in Glocestershire upon the River Churne about twelve Miles South-East of Glocester Here the four Proconsular ways made by the Romans crossed each other and vast numbers of Roman Coins Inscriptions c. have been digged up But this City was so ruined by the Saxons and Danes that what is walled in is not a fourth part of it inhabited the rest being Fields and Orchards the Inhabitants subsist mostly by Clothing It was taken by Prince Rupert by Storm Feb. 2. 1643. Cirenza See Acerenza Cirrha an antient Town in Phocis upon the Gulph of Corinth near the City Delphes to which it serv'd as a Port giving the Name of Cirrhaeus Sinus to a Part of the same Gulph Cirte or Cirtha an antient City of Numidia in Africa called afterwards Constantine being the Capital of the Province of Constantine in the Kingdom of Algier In this City we read in Salust that Jugurtha kill'd Adherbal the Son of Micipsa King of Numidia It became an Episcopal See in the Primitive Ages of Christianity A Council was assembled at it in 303. by Secundus Primate of Numidia wherein almost all the Bishops of that Province were convicted of the Crime of Traditores that is delivering up their Bibles to the Infidels in Persecution A Second in 412. whereat S. Austin assisted Cithaeron a Mountain of Boeotia consecrated amongst the antient Poets to Bacchus Citta di Castello Tifernum Tiberinum a Town in the Dukedom de Vrbino in the Ecclesiastical State upon the River Tiber 10 Miles from S. Sepulcher It has a small Territory annexed to it called il Contado di Castello under the Popes Dominion of which this City is the Capital Citta di Chieti Teatea a City in the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples near the River Pescara 7 or 8 Miles from the Adriatick Whence the Order of the Religious Theatines derives their Appellation one of their Founders having sometime been Bishop hereof Citta-Ducale or Reale a City in the further Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples being a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Chieti It stands upon the River Velino 15 Miles from Aquila within the States of the Church Citta Nova a City of Histria in Italy with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Aquileia at the fall of the River Quieto into the Adriatick In a bad Air and consequently little inhabited Called Nova because built since and a little below the Ruines of the antient Aemonia Citta della Pieve Civitas Plebis a small Town in the Perugine in Italy belonging to the Ecclesiastical State Citta di Sole a well fortified Town in the Province of Romagna in Italy upon the little River Fagnone belonging to the Grand Duke of Tuscany Citta Vecchia Medina or Melita a City in the Island of Maltha with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Palermo situated upon a Hill in the middle of the Island having formerly been the Capital thereof Cittadelli Cittadella the Capital Town with a Port and some Fortifications of the Island of Minorca Civdad Real a City in the Province of Chiapa thence commonly it self call'd Chiapa in the South America being a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mexico whereof the famous Bartholomeo della Casa was Bishop in the last Age. § There is of this Name a Town in New Castile in Spain upon the River Guadiana between Calatroua and Almagra The same is a large Town in a fruitful Plain but not very well peopled Civdad Rodrigo a City of the Kingdom of Leon in Spain upon the River Agujar and the Frontiers of Portugal It is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Compostella Supposed to have been built by Ferdinand II. in the Year 1200. for a Rampart against the Portugueze Civencheu a great City in the Province of Fokien in China with a Territory of the same Name annexed to it commanding six old Cities This City is extraordinarily traded and in its Temples Palaces triumphant Arches and Houses appears an admirable and magnificent Place A little West
upon the River Morine five or six Leagues from Meaâ—x Colophon an ancient City of Ionia in Asia the Less now called Altobosco and Belvedore which has sometime been a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Edessa It pretends with others to the Honour of giving Birth to Homer And in the Days of Antiquity was particularly renowned for excellent Cavalry Colossis or Colosse an antient City of Phrygia in Asia the Less upon the Confines of Caria and the River Licho Now called Chonos by the Greeks It has been an Episcopal and afterwards an Archiepiscopal See Made universally known by S. Paul's Epistle to the Primitive Christians that were here Coloswar See Clansenburgh Columb Magna a Market-Town in Cornwal in the Hundred of Pider Columbo a City in the Isle of Ceylan in the East-Indies built by the Portuguese on the West Side of that Island but taken from them some years since by the Hollanders Columpton a Market-Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Hayrudge Coluri an Island in the Gulph of Engia called formerly Salamine or Salamis which pretends to the Honour of being the Birth-place of Homer and is famous in ancient History for the Defeat of Xerxes's vast Fleet. Colzim a Mountain of the Desart of Gebel in the Kingdom of Egypt a days Journey from the Red Sea There is a Monastery of Religions standing upon it called S. Anthony's Com. See â—om Coma Como Comum and Novo Comum a City in the Duâ—ohy of Milan upon a Lake of the same Name a hundred Miles in Circuit in Latin called Larâ—â—s Lacus seventeen Miles North of Milan It is a rich large and handsom City and gave Birth to the ancient Poet Caecilâ—â—s mentioned in Caâ—ullus to the younger Pliny to the Historian Paulus Jovius and to the late Pope Innocent XI who was chosen Pope Sept. 21. 1676. and died Aug. 12. 1689. in his seventy eighth year Comachio Comacula a City of Romandiola a Province of Italy in the Dukedom of Ferâ—ard which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ravenna and under the Dominion of the Pope It is little and not well inhabited by Reason of the badness of the Air being seated in a Marsh amidst the Lakes that are made by the Po three or four Miles from the Adriatick giving Name to the Valley of Comaâ—chio It lies twenty Miles from Ravenna to the North and forty from Bologna to the East and belongs to the See of Rome The Venetians in 932. almost ruined it Comagena the ancient Name of a Country in Syria which as we find in Josephus was a Kingdom in the Time of Marâ— Anthony who overcame he says Antiochus King of Comagena Afterwards made by the Romans a Province It s chief City being Samosata a place famous for giving Birth to Lucian and Paulus Samâ—saâ—eâ—â—â—â— the Patriarch of Anâ—ioch Comana an ancient City of the Kingdom of Pontus in Asia the Less upon the River Iris having been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Neocaesarea And famous in the Times preceding Christianity for a Temple dedicated to Bellona § Another of Cappadocia upon the River Sarus with a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Melitene Comania a Country of Asia betwixt Georgia to the North and the Tannais to the South for the most part under the Turks and Moscovites It enjoys a fertile Soil but ill cultivated the People chusing rather to live by Robbery than their honest Industry Comb-Martin a Market-Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Branton Comenolitari Thessalia a part of Maoedonia Comine Cuminum a small Island in the Sicilian Sea belonging to the Order of the Knights of Malta who have built a Castle in it It lies betwixt Maltha and Gozo Cominges See S. Berâ—â— and de Cominges Commetcy Commeroium a small City in the Dukedom de Barrois in Champaigne six Leagues from Clermonâ— to the South It is seated on the West Side of the Moselle or Meuse Commâ—ites a Town and Castle in Flanders upon the River Lis near Messines giving Name to an Honourable Family Como See Coma. Compiegne Compendium a City in the Isle of France of good Esteem in the County of Senlis upon the River Oise which a little lower falls into the Aisne seventeen Leagues from Paris to the North and five from Soissons to the West In the year 833. King Lewis the Debonnaire by the Conspiracy of his three Sons and the Sentence of a Council of Bishops here was deposed Clotharius the â—â—â—st King of France and Lewis the Bald Emperor and King of France died both here the latter in 879. who built here also a Monastery and adorned the City with so many magificer Ediâ—â—ces that it was for some time called Carolopolis or Charles â—â—wn from him Complutum See Aleala The Biblia Complutensia have that Name after the old one of this Compostella Brigantium Janasum Compostella the Capital City of Galaecia in Spain upon the River Sar or Sardela which in 1124. was by Pope Calixtus II. made an Archbishops See instead of Merida then in the Hands of the Moors The Bones of S. James the Apostle are said to rest here in a celebrated Church thence called S. Jago di Compostella the Steeple of which was built by Lewis XI King of France in 1483. But Alphonsus the Chast King of Gallaecia had erected the Body long before upon an Hill in 835. out of the Ruins of Ira Flavia an old Roman Town There is a small Castle and an University here Alphonsus I. King of Castile was also here born it stands thirteen Leagues from Cape Finisterre the most Western Promontory of this part of Spain Long. â—1 00. Lat. 43. 00. by the Maps 8. 19. 43. 00. Compostella Nueba is a City of America in New-Spain in the Province of Xalisco not far from the South-Sea an hundred Miles from Guadalaxara to the West It was for some time a Bishops See but being in a bad Air and barren Soil the See was translated thence to Guadalaxara in 1570. They formerly call'd it Villa de Spiritu Santo Cona Conos see Colosse a City of Phrygia much celebrated of old now ruined by the Turks Conca Crustuminum a small River of Vmbria in Italy which riseth in the Dukedom of Vrbino from the Appenine near Leopoli and falls into the Venetian Gulph six Miles South-East of Rimino There was heretofore a City of the same Name now eaten up by the Sea Concarneau Concarneum a strong Town and Port in Britany in France four Leagues from Quimperley to the East saith Baudrand La Conception a small City in America in Paraguaia at the fall of the River Vrvaig into Rio de la Plata with another of the same Name in Chili which is the most considerable place there the ordinary Residence of the Governour of the Province walled and secured with a strong Cittadel upon the Pacifick Ocean over against the Island of S. Vincent § The Spaniards have given this Name to a Town by them built in the Province of Mechoacan in the
Kingdom of Mexico which secures the Road of Mechoacan to the Silver Mines of Zacateca besides to divers others in Califernia Hispaniola c. Conches a small Town in Normandy three or four Leagues from Eureux in a Territory called Ouche There is an Abbey standing in it Concorde a Country in the Terra Australis beyond the Indian Ocean call'd t'landt van Eendracht by the Hollanders who discovered it in 1618. as they were searching a passage to go to the Moluccae's luca's Concordia a ruined City of the Province of Friuli in Italy the Bishop whereof resides at Porto di Gruaro and is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Aquileia They write it became abandoned in Attila's time Condapoli a City in the Kingdom of Golconde in the Hither East-Indies with a strong Fort upon a Mountain betwixt the Cities Golconda and Candavera Conde Condate an ancient Roman Town in Hainault upon the River Haisne where it entreth the River Escault two German Miles North of Valenciennes This though a strong Town was taken by the French in 1655. and lost in 1656. But Lewis XIV retaking it in 1676. is still possessed of it The Title of it has been and is still born by many of the Princes of the Blood Royal of France there is a small Village of the Name also seated about a Mile West from this fortified Town Conde sur Nereau Condaeum ad Norallum a Town in the Territory of Veuxin in Normandy upon the River Nereau which soon after falls into the Orne betwixt Vire Falaise and Argentan Condom Condomum a small City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux It stands upon the small River Baise two Leagues from Nerac four from the Guaronne and six from Aux in the Province of Guyenne the Capital of the Territory of Condomois and first made a Bishops See by Pope John XXII in 1327. It was taken and much abused by the Huguenots in 1569. This is the Condomium Visconum of the Ancients The late Bishop of Condom now of Meaux has made this City as remarkable and as much spoken of by his Writings as the greatest Town in Europe Condore Condora a Province in Russia towards Tartaria deserta in the North-East part of that Kingdom bordering North upon the White Sea East upon Obdora and Sibiria South upon Permia and West upon the Province of Arch-Angel extreamly cold and but thinly inhabited without Town or City of Note in it The best and chiefest is call'd Wergaturia Condrieu Condriacum a pleasant Town at the foot of an Hill in Lionnois in France upon the Western Shoar of the Rhosne two Leagues from Vienne to the South and seven from Lion to the same Quarter famous for excellent Wines Baudrand observes that some write this Name Coindrieu though improperly Congleton a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Northwich upon the River Dane Conflent a part of the County of Rousillon near the Pyrenean Hills and Cretania the chief Town of which is Villa Franca Once a part of the Kingdom of Spain but now under the Crown of France Congedo Cogedus a River of the Kingdom of Arragon which falls into the Xalon near Baubula Congo Congum a Kingdom on the Western Shoar of Africa in the Lower Aethiopia which by the Portuguese is comprehended in the Lower Guinea and was once very great containing Congo Angola Metamba Cunda Lulla Anunda and the Kingdom of Loangh in trust which Countries are yet in some Maps ascribed to Congo though it is above one hundred and fifty years since they revolted from it Congo properly so called is a small but fruitful well cultivated spot of Ground on the West it has the Atlantick Ocean on the South the Kingdom of Angola and Bengala on the North the Kingdom of Loangh and on the East the Kingdoms of Cangela and Metamba watered with the Rivers Zaire Coanza and Lelunde The principal City is S. Salvador where the King resides He and the greatest part of his Subjects are Christians under one Bishop They have suffered very much from the Portuguese and by Wars as Bandrand acquaints us from Jacinthi à Vetralla a Capuchin who lived many years amongst them Coningsberg Regiâ—mons called by the Poles Krolowice is a great City the Capital of Prusia Ducalis and a Hanse Town at the Mouth of the River Pregel twenty Miles East of Elbing It has a Castle and a fine Haven and came into the hands of the Duke of Brandenburg in 1525. having before that time belonged to the Teutonick Order who built it in 1260. Here was also an University opened in 1544. by Albert Duke of Prusia Coni Cuneum a City in Piedmont called by the Inhabitants Cuno It is seated at the conjunction of the Rivers Stura and Grez thirty six Miles from the Port of Vintimilia upon the Mediterranean Sea Northward and the same distance from Turino to the South built in 1150 And in 1641. taken by the French under the Duke de Hartcourt But since in the Possession of the Duke of Savoy The French have besieged it in the present War under Monsieur Cattinat but were forced to rise again and leave it in the possession of its Duke Connaught Connacia is one of the four great Provinces of Ireland bounded on the North by Vlster on the East by Leinster on the South by Mounster and on the West by the great Western Ocean It contains seven Counties Slego Mayo Roscommon Letrim Longford Gallway and Clare or Tomound Ptolomy calls its ancient Inhabitants Gangani and Concani Strabo Coniaci and Conisci When the Parliamentarians had fully subdued the Irish about 1655. they took up a resolution to transport all the Heritors of the Romish Religion into this Province which is separated from the rest of Ireland by the River Shannon and the Mountain of Curlewe reserving to the English the Forts Cities and fortified Towns the Passes and the Sea Shoars for Garrisons to secure them from any further Attempts of that Nation a Design which had been proposed before by Spencer and thought easie but it proved otherwise Elench Motuum Part 2. Connor Coneria a small City in the Province of Vlster in the County of Down upon the Lake Cone toward the North-West Corner of the said Lake the Bishoprick is united to that of Down under the Archbishop of Armagh sometime ago possessed by the Eloquent Dr. Jeremiah Taylor who died Bishop of this Diocese Conquet Conquestus a fine Port in Britany in France fourteen Leagues South of Brest The Town though small is neat rich and well built taken by the English in 1416. Conserans Consorans a Territory in the Vpper Gascogny on the Borders of Languedoc which bounds it to the East as Cominges and de Foix doth to the West having Catalonia on the South which is divided from it by the Pyrenean Hills and on the North the Bishoprick of Pamiers It s greatest extent is from North to South along the River Salatum § Conserans or S. Lizier de
that Agesilaus the Athenian General defeated the Boeotians in the year of Rome 359. In the third Century it became a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens Now a Miserable Village inhabited by none but Turks Coropa a Province in Guiana in South America between the River of Amazons and the Lake of Parymaea near the River of Coropatuba but not inhabited by any of our European Colonies Coronna Varonnum Adrobicum and vulgarly the Groyne a famous Sea-Port-Town on the North-West Shoar of Spain in Gallicia strong rich and full of people ten Miles from Compostella to the North and six from the Isle of Sisarga in Long. 8. 40. Lat. 44. 20. The Town stands upon a Peninsula and is almost surrounded by the Sea The Country affords excellent Iron Steel and several other Metals which cause the Port to be the more frequented Corozaim or Chorazim mention'd Matth. 11. 21. an ancient Town of Galilee in Palestine which was one of the ten that composed the Country of Decapolis It stood over against Capernaum upon the Banks of the River Jordan and near the Sea of Tiberias Corregio Corregium a great and populous Town in the Dukedom of Modena which had heretofore Princes of its own but in 1635. it came into the hands of the Duke of Modena it stands thirteen Miles from Regio to the North-East and twelve from Modena to the North between the Rivers of Navila West and Fossa Rossa East and has the honour of a good Castle Corsica called la Crose by the French and Corsega by the Spaniards is a considerable Island in the Mediterranean Sea in length from North to South 110 Miles in breadth 50 and its Circuit 280 100 Miles South from Genoua and 8 from Sardinia This Island has ever been ill inhabited by reason of the Asperity of a great part of it and the great difficulty of approaching it The Tusci or old Italians were the first Inhabiters of this Island who were conquered by the Carthaginians the Carthaginians yielded to the Tomans the Saracens followed these who finally in 1144. were subdued by the Genouese The Pisans and the Kings of Arragon have since contested with the Genouese but however that Republick has desended the place against all pretenders to this day There are five Episcopal Sees in it to wit Ajazzo Aleria Sagona Mariana and Nebio the three first under the Archbishop of Pisa the other of Genoua It is watered by the Rivers Liamon and Tavignan which both spring out of the Lake of Crena Bonifacio is its best Port and Basta the Capital Town There is a Cape call'd Corso which is the same with the Sacrum Promontorium of the Ancients Corschi the Name of a Numerous people in Persia living in Tents and descended from the Turks out of which the Sophy always composes his first Troops Corthestan Taurus Cortona Cortonium Corto a small but very ancient City in the Dukedom of Florence in Italy it lies on the Borders of the Estate of the Church and is a Bishops See made by Pope John XXII under the Archbishop of Florence four Miles from the Lake di Perugia to the North and fourteen from Arezzo to the South Corwey Corbeja Saxonica or Nova called by the French Corbie is a small City in West phalia which has an Abbey founded by S. Lewis King of France in 815. It lies upon the Weser nine Miles from Paderborne to the West Cosa Cosas a small River in the State of the Church which falleth into Garigliano Liris by Feretino and Veroli Cosano Cossano Cosa Cosanum a City of Calalabria in the Kingdom of Naples six Miles from the Gulph of Taranto and one and twenty from Rosano to the North. It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza Cosenza Consentia the principal City of Calabria and one of the greatest in the Kingdom of Naples an Archbishops See seated in a fruitful Plain upon the River Crate which has belonging to it a strong Castle upon a Hill Alaricus XII King of the Goths died in this City In 1638. it suffered much by an Earthquake fourteen Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and thirty from Rossano to the West in Long. 40. 20. Lat. 39. 11. Cosir a City of Egypt upon the Red Sea written also Cossir Coslin Coslinum a Town in the Dukedom of Pomerania under the Dominion of the Duke of Brandenburgh upon a small River three German Miles from the Baltick Sea and six from Treptow to the East Heretofore the Seat of the Archbishop of Casmires but given from him by the Treaty of Westphalia to the present Possessor Cosmopolis a Town in the Isle of Elbe in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to the Duke of Florence which has a convenient and safe Port it lies over against Piombino twenty five Miles to the West Cosne Conoda Conium a small Town some place it in the Province of Beausse some in Nivernois upon the Loyre in France betwixt Nevers and Orleans often taken and retaken in the Civil Wars of the last Age there Cossa a ruined City on the Coast of the Tyrrbenian Sea six Miles from Orbitello to the East and seventy from Rome to the North destroyed by Charles the Great Ansidonia sprung out of its ruines which last is now in the Possession of the Duke of Florence Cossaques a Martial People inhabitants of the Province of Vkraine in Red Russia renowned for their great services done as well to Christendom in general as to the Crown of Poland in guarding the Frontiers of that Kingdom against the Tartars Nevertheless in some times guilty of great Revolts too which have occasion'd divers Treaties of Peace betwixt them and Poland They speak a Dialect of the Polonian Language and for Religion are a mixture of the Greek the Roman and the Protestant Churches Cosse a Seigniory in the Province of Maine in France near St. Susanne giving Name to a Family of Quality Cossaei an ancient People dwelling about a Mountain of Media whom Alexander the Great sacrificed to the Manes of his dear Ephaestion in a transport of Grief for his Death say Polybins and Diodorus Cossovia Campus Merulâ—â— a Plain in Bulgaria not very much exceeding Lincoln-Heath yet the Stage of great Actions Here the greatest Christian Army that was ever brought into the Field in Europe consisting of 500000 Men under Lazarus Despot of Servia fought with the Forces of Amurath I. and lost the day in which Battel Lazarus was slain and Amurath viewing the dead bodies was stabbed by Michael Cobloivitz a Christian Souldier left for dead in the field Amurath hath here a Funeral Monument to this day This happened in 1390. In the same Field was also fought that remarkable Battel between Huniades and Mahomet for three days together in which Huniades his Forces were beaten being very unequal in number This Plain is bounded by the Mountains of Negri to the South by the River Nesaus to the East by Nissa to the North and by Ibar to the West one hundred and thirty
English Miles from Thessalonica to the North-West upon the Borders of Macedonia and Albania See Dr. Brown's Travels Cossir See Cosir Costagnazo Haemus a Mountain in Thrace Coustantz See Constance Costa-Ricca A Province of New Spain in the South America lying betwixt the two Seas and Westward of Veragua The Capital whereof is the City Carthage There are some Gold and Silver Mines in it and a Soil which makes it worthy of its Name Coste des dents or Coste de l' Ivoire the Ivory Coast is a part of the Coast of Guiny in Africa betwixt the Cape of Palmes and the Cape of three Points whither the English French Hollanders c. traffick for Elephants Teeth It is said to be well inhabited and to lye very conveniently Coste d'Or or the Golden Coast another part of the Coast of the same Country so call'd from the quantity of Gold that they find upon it It is about one hundred and thirty Leagues long reaching from the Cape of three Points where the former ends as far as to the River Volta and the Kingdom of Benin The English Danes and Dutch have divers Settlements upon it The latter having dispossessed all the Portugueze Cothon the ancient Name of the Port of Carthage in Africa Cotatis the principal City of Imiretta a Kingdom or Province of Georgia built at the Foot of an Hill by the River Phasiâ— consisting of about two hundred Houses those of the Grandees and the Kings Palace stand at a distance The Town has neither Fortifications nor Walls nor any Defence except where it is enclosed by the River and the Mountains On the other side of the River upon the top of an Hill higher than that under which the City is built stands the Fortress of Cotatis which appears very strong As Sir John Chardin describes this City in his Travels Cotbus Cotbutium a Town in Lusatia in Germany upon the River Havel which also passeth by Berlin from which it lies thirteen Miles to the South and ten from Franckford to the South-West This Town came into the Hands of the Duke of Brandenburgh in 1645. and is sometimes called Cotwitz Cotrone Croton a City of the further Calabriâ— in the Kingdom of Naples which of old was twelve Miles in Compass as Livy saith and built eighty years after Rome but now very small and thinly inhabited yet it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio and has a Castle built by Charles V. It stands on the South-East side of Italy fifteen Miles South-East of Severina The Cottian-Alpes Alpes Cottiae a part of the Alpes heretofore under the Dominion of King Cottius mention'd in Suetonius as an Ally with the People of Rome in the Reign of Augustus and therefore by the Ancients called Cottiae from him They begin at the Fountains of the River Var and reach to Susa that is from Mount Viso to Mount Cenis dividing the Dauphinate from Piedmont Cotzchin or Chotozin or Kotym a Castle in Moldavia upon the Niester four Polish or twenty English Miles from Caminieck to the South-West where in 1673. an Army of the Turks consisting of two and thirty thousand Men under the Command of Solyman Aga designed for the ruine of Lemburgh were encamped having the Neister behind them a Range of Rocks and Precipices on one side the Castle of Cotzchin on the other a Trench before them defended by Half-Moons a Bridge over the Nieper and another over the Castle yet Zobietsky then Marshal but now King of Poland with much lesser Forces coming up October 9. battered down their Brest-Work with his Cannon and the next day dismounting his Cavalry to second the Lithuanian Foot which had been beaten off in Person at the head of his Men stormed their Camp took it slew or took Prisoners thirty one thousand five hundred Turks and the rest hardly escaped Solyman their General being slain In 1621. Vladislaus Prince of Poland Son of Sigismund King of Poland in the same Field defeated the Forces of Osman I. and slew the greatest part of them amongst the rest Vssain le Borgne who was esteemed the best Commander the Turks had in those times Couco Coucum a Kingdom in Barbary in Africa with a City of the same Name sixty Miles from the Shoars of the African Sea between the Kingdoms of Algiers and Bugia Coucy a Seigniory in Picardy giving Name to a Family of Honour Coventry Conventria a City in the County of Warwick upon the West Side of the River Sherborne which is of no very great Antiquity but neat strong rich and populous by reason of the Cloathing Trade Also a Bishop's See in Conjunction with Litchfield under the Archbishop of Canterbury It has three Churches the Priory or Convent whence the Name Coventry was the most ancient Foundation of the City being built by Canutus the Dane And the Cross may be reckoned amongst the finest in England The Noble George Villiers late Duke of Buckingham was created Earl of Coventry in the twenty first of James I. A Title that had lain buried ever since the Death of Edwin a Saxon whom William the Conqueror created Earl of Coventry in the first Year of his Reign Henry VI annexing the adjacent Towns and Villages to this City made it with them a County Corporate distinct from that of Warwickshire Coulan a City and small Kingdom in the East-Indies in the great Promontory of Malabar on the Western Shoar thirty five Leagues North of the Cape of Comâ—ry and about seventeen South of Cochin The Country is well watered and fruitful not above twenty Leagues long from North to South and eight or ten broad from East to West Bounded by the Kingdoms of Cochin and Travancor There are many Christians in it by the means of the Portuguese The City has a Castle and a safe Haven with the Character of a rich and flourishing Place The Portuguese were driven out of it by the Hollanders in 1663. Coulour a Town of the Hither East-Indies in the Kingdom of Golconde in Malabar seven days Journey from the City of Golconde There is a Mine or Quarry of Diamonds very near it Courreze Curretia a River in Limosin in France which riseth two Miles above Tulle and having watered both it and Brive falls into the Vesere two Miles above Condat Courtenay Cortenaeum Corteniacum Curtiniacum a small Town in the Isle of France six Miles distance from Sens West The Princes who have born the Title of this small Place are frequently mentioned by the French Historians and some of the Emperors of Greece are deriv'd from their Family Courtray Corteriacum by the Natives called Cortrick a Town in Flanders upon the River Lys five Leagues from Tournay to the North and four from Lille to the West Made famous by the Defeat of the French in 1302. This Town was taken by the French in 1646. and fortified and again in 1667 But in the Treaty of 1679. it returned under the Obedience of the King of Spain who is still possessed
ancient City of Nubia in Africa And a River of the same Name in the Kingdom of Morocco Cusco Cuscum a great City of Peru in the South America one hundred and twenty Miles East from Lima. It was the Royal City of the Kings of Peru adorned with a stately Temple dedicated to the Sun and divers noble Palaces and an admirable Fortress when the Spaniards conquered it but now dispeopled and ruined Yet it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lima. Cussit a Province in Aethiopia Custrin Custrinum a City in the Marquisate of Brandenburg on the East side of the River Oder where it receives the Warta four Miles North from Franckfort a very strong Place Cuzagne a small Territory or District in Aquitaine in France Cuzt a large Province of the Kingdom of Fez in Africa lying eighty Leagues along the River Gureygure as far as to the River Esaha East of the Province of Temesen and containing all the courses of the Mountain Atlas betwixt those two Rivers Cyclades a Circle of little Islands in the Archipelago surrounding the Island of Delos call'd Paros Andros Zea Micoli Naxia Quiniminio c. Cyclopes the original Inhabitants of the Island of Sicily living about Mount Aetna whose extraordinary height mixt with fierceness occasioned many Fictions amongst the Poets Cydnus a River of Cilicia in Asia the Less passing by Cogni and Tharsus Alexander the Great took a desperate Sickness by bathing in it and some say the Emperor Frederick Barberaosse died of the coldness of its Water as he returned from the East in the year 1100. Cydonia the same with Canea in Candia Cylley Celia a City of Stiria in Germany upon the River Saana which a little lower falls into the Save it stands ten Miles from Lambach to the East and as many from Draburgh to the South-East The Capital of a County of the same Name and belongs to the Emperor of Germany there is in it two very strong Castles and many Roman Antiquities are thereabouts discovered Cynopolis an ancient City of the Kingdom of Egypt upon the Western part of the Nile remark'd heretofore for the Worship of the God called Anubis in it Cynthus a Mountain in the Island of Delos upon which the ancient Pagans built a celebrated Temple in the honour of Apollo who together with Diana was supposed to be born here of Lâ—tona Cyparissa an ancient Town of the Morea that did belong to the Government of Messene and imparted its Name to the Cape and Gulph adjacent Cyprus an Island of the Mediterranean Sea called by the Turks and Arabians Kubros about sixty Miles North from the Shoars of Syria and Anatolia and extended in length from East to West two hundred and twenty its Circuit about five hundred and fifty This Island is so very fruitful the Air so pleasant and the Hills abounding so with Metals that it was by all the Ancients call'd The Happy Island Ammianus Marcellinus saith it could build a Ship and fraight her out to Sea out of what grew here without the help of any other place The first Inhabitants were the Cilicians who yielded to the Phenicians as these did to the Greeks Ptolomy the last King of this Island knowing that Cato was sent against him by the Romans put an end to his own Life It continued in the hands of the Greek Emperors till 656. when it was conquered by the Saracens In 807. the Emperors recovered it but Richard I. King of England going to the Holy War in 1191. and being ill used by the Inhabitants made a Conquest of it for England and gave it to Guy de Lusignan whose Successors were dispossessed by the Templars in 1306. In 1472. the Venetians possessed themselves of it in 1560. Selim the Grand Seignor gained it from them whose Successor at this day enjoys it not without some Confusion and as occasion serves Insurrection of the Inhabitants against the Turks There are three considerable places in it Merovige at the West end Colosso on the South side and Famagusta on the same side more to the East and about eight hundred and fifty Villages Cypsella See Ipsala Cyr Ciropolis Cyrus the same with Carin Cyrene See Cairoan Cythera See Cerigo Cyziqua an ancient City of Asia built in the twenty fourth Olympiad upon the Propontis and honoured in the Primitive Ages of Christianity with a Metropolitan See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Over against the Ruines of it stands a little Island famous for the Marble that they call the Marble of Cyziqua Czaslaw Czaslavia a very small City in Bohemia upon the River Crudimka nine Miles from Prague to the East with a considerable Prefecture belonging to it John Zisca the famous Captain of the Hussites who so sharply revenged the deaths of John Hus and Jerome of Prague was here buried Czeben See Hermanstat Czenstokow or Czeschow Chestocovia a Town in Poland upon the River Warta twenty five Miles East of Breslaw ten North-West of Cracovia It is strong as well by Situation as its Fortifications Czeremissi a Province or rather a People of Moscovy reduced under the Empire of the Grand Duke in the year 1552. Lying on both sides of the River Wolga betwixt the Cities Novogorod-Nisi and Casan They are partly Mahometans and partly Pagans of the Race of the Tartars Czeremicz Sulonia a Town in Dalmatia Czernikow or Czernishaw Czernihovia a City and Dutchy in Poland upon the River Deszna which falls into the Nieper at Kiovia twenty eight Miles South-West of Szernikow or Czernihow This City is now in the hands of the Russ as also the Dukedom thereunto belonging called by the same name They belonged originally to the Russ and together with Novogrod were conquered by Vladislaus IV. King of Poland so that the Russ has only recovered what was his own Czernobel a Town in the Palatinate of Volhinia in Poland upon the River Vsz two or three Leagues from the Borysthenes of little consideration Czersk a Palatinate and Czesko a City upon the Vistula seven Polish Miles above Warzovia or Warshaw Czyrkassi Czyrcassia a strong Town in the Vkraine upon the Nieper twenty seven Polish Miles beneath Kiovia towards the Euxine Sea it has suffered great Extremities of late years from the Cossacks and Tartars being a Frontier to both those People Czyrknizerzee or Zirichnitz Lugeum a great Lake in the Province of Carniola in Germany extended the space of four Miles betwixt the Woods and Mountains towards Italy full of Fish ebbing and flowing extraordinarily and begetting a fruitful Soyl. D A DAbir or Debir an ancient City of the Anakims in Palestine near Hebron It had been formerly call'd Kirjah-Sepher i. e. the City of Learning as we read Judg. 1. 11. And was first taken by Joshua Josh 11. 21. afterwards by Othniel Judges 1. 13. with a reward of the General Caleb's Daughter given him to Wife for his Victory Dabul Dabulum Dunga a strong Maritime City with a large Port and a Castle at the Mouth of the
River Helevacho in the Confines of the Kingdom of Guzarate but under the King of Decan between Daman to the North and Goa to the South in 20. deg of Lat. Dacia the ancient Appellation and Division of a large Country of Europe bounded on the North by the Carpathian Mountains and the River Preuth on the East and South by the same River together with the Danube and by the Theysse on the West It was divided into 1. Dacia Ripensis which contained a part of the present Hungary and Walachia 2. Dacia Alpestris answering to another part of Walachia and to Moldavia 3. Dacia Mediterranea or Gepida in which was comprehended the present Transylvania The Albocensii Sinsi Taurissi Piephigi Biepti c. were the then Inhabitants of this Country under the Government of Kings of their own till Trajan conquering Decebalus reduced them into a Roman Province in the year of Rome 98. and affixed the Name of Colonia Vlpia Trajana to their Capital City otherwise called Varhel or Zarmisogethusa The Greeks called this people Getae It was the Romans that derived the Title of Daci and Dacae upon them Dacia also in the Monastick Writers is put abusively for Dania Daci for Dani and Dacicum for Danicum In the University of Paris the Danish College is called Collegium Dacorum The Marish and the Olt were the principal Rivers of Dacia Dacha Paropanisus a Province in the Greater Asia Dada an ancient City of Pisidia in the Lesser Asia otherwise by Ptolomy and Strabo written Adata and Adadata Dadastana an ancient City of Bithynia in Asia the Less upon the Confines of Galatia remarkable for the death of the Emperor Jovian here Dadivan a delightful Plain four or five Leagues in Circuit in the Province of Farsistan in Persia between Schiras and Lar richly planted with Orange Lemon and Pomgranate Trees and traversed by a River that affords plenty of Fish The English and Dutch residing at Ormus are wont to pass the end of the Summer here for pleasure Dafar the Seat of the ancient Homeritae in Arabia Foelix upon the Arabian Sea Daghestan or Dachestan a Province between the Kingdom of Astracan to the North and the Province of Schirwan in Persia to the South Inhabited by Tartars under a Prince of their own in security against Invasions by the means of inaccessible Mountains The principal City here is Tarku Dagho Daghoa a small Island upon the Coast of Livonia to the North of the Island of Oesel in the Baltick Sea at the mouth of the Bay of Riga which has two Castles and is under the King of Sweden Dagno Thermidava a City of Dalmatia or Albania upon the River Drino Dai or Daae an ancient People of Scythia Asiatica upon the Caspian Sea adjoining to the Massagetae Dalanguer Imaus Dalecarle Dalecarlia or Dalarne a great Province in the Kingdom of Sweden towards the Mountains of Savona and Norway which bounds it on the West on the North it hath Helsinga Gestricia on the East and Vermelandia on the South a vast Country but it has never a City or good Town in it Taking this Name from the River Dalecarle which is one of the most considerable of all the Rivers of the Kingdom of Sweden It is a Mountainous Country Dalem Dalemum a small Town of the Dutchy of Limburg in the Low Countreys under the Hollanders It stands upon a Stream two Leagues from Liege and three from Aix la Chapelle fortified with a strong Castle and adorned with the Title of an Earldom and likewise enjoying a Jurisdiction over a Territory of many Villages beyond the Meuse Dalia a Province contained within Westrogothia in the Kingdom of Sweden between the Lake of of Vener and the Prefecture of Bahuys Dalebourg is the most considerable Town in it Dallendorf a Village and Castle in Eyfel in the Dutchy of Juliers which was the Seat of the ancient Taliates sometimes called Tallenford Dalmatia the Eastern part of the ancient Illyricum called by the Ancients Delmio or Dalmatia from a City of that Name its Capital The Inhabitants of which revolting with about twenty Towns from the Kingdom of Epirus called this small District by the Name of Dalmatia Afterwards it was conquered by the Romans and after this by the Sclavonians called by the Turks Bosnaeli by the Poles Slowienska by the Italians Schiavonia by the French Dalmatie That Country which now goes by the Name is but a small part of the ancient Dalmatia lying upon the Adriatick Sea and bounded on the North by Croatia and Bosnia on the East by Servia on the South by Albania and on the West by the Adriatick in which Bounds Morlachia is included In the year 1076. Pope Gregory VII in a Council held at Salona actually erected this Country into a Kingdom by the Investiture of Demetrius then Duke of Dalmatia with all the Ensigns of Royalty Now the greatest part is under the Turks but the Sea-Coasts and Islands are in the hands of the Venetians who have taken several Forts from the Turks in this present War The Common-wealth of Ragusa lies in Dalmatia also which is not subject either to the Turks or Venetians though it payeth a voluntary Tribute to the former but in 1686. they were very earnest with the Emperor of Germany by their Embassador to undertake their Protection against the Turks The Sclavonian Language is spoken by the Natives of Dalmatia Dalton a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Loynsdale seated in a Champaign Country not far from the Sea Dam a strong Town in Flanders built of late years to secure Bruges against the Hollanders from which it stands but one League towards the North. This is still in the hands of the Spaniard § Dam a strong Town in the Dukedom of Pomerania upon the River Oder right over against Stetin which is in the Possession of the King of Sweden § Dam a Town in Gronningen three Miles from the chief City of that Province to the East and one from Delfziil to the West seated upon Damsterdiep Damala Troezeu once a City now a small Town or Village on the Eastern Shoar of the Morea twenty seven Miles from Napoli to the North-East and fourteen from Corinth to the South-East Daman or Damaon a celebrated Port on the West of Malabar in the Kingdom of Guzurate upon the Coast of the Gulph of Cambaia twenty Leagues from Surate in 20. deg of Northern Latitude in the hands of the Portuguese who built it and have so strongly fortified it that the Great Mogul in vain of late besieged it with forty thousand men Damascus is the principal and the most ancient Town in Syria seated in a Plain upon the Chrysorrhoas or a River called the Golden Stream by the Ancients surrounded with Mountains one hundred and forty Miles from Jerusalem to the South and Antioch to the North. This City is so ancient that it is not known when or by whom it was built but it is mentioned by Abraham In the succeeding Ages
of the World it followed the Fate of Syria successively subject to all the four great Empires and famous under all But then the Conversion of S. Paul which happened in part near and in part within this City is one of the greatest things that has in the Course of so many Ages befallen it This was also one of the first great Cities the Saracens took from the Romans after a Siege of six Months in 636. by Omar the Successor of Abubecher In 813. it was made the Seat of one of their Califs Babylon being the second and Grand Cairo the third Conradus III. Emperor of Germany attempted in 1147. to reduce it without any good Success by reason of the Divisions amongst the Christians in the Holy Land In 1298. it was taken by Cassan the Turk and 30000 Saracens slain but the Saracens soon after recovered it About 1395. it became a Prey to that Flagellum Dei Tamerlane the great Scythian Conqueror After this it was subject to the Sultans of Aegypt till Selim I. about 1514. subjected it to the Ottoman Empire under which it still is This City is an Archbishop's See under the Patriarch of Antioch the Seat of one of the Turkish Visiers in a fruitful Valley so extreamly pleasant withal as amongst many Writers to gain the Title of the Paradise of the World Yet not mightily inhabited of later times being more visited by Pilgrims of the Turkish and Christian Religions than by Merchants The Current of the Trade running by Aleppo fifty Miles more North. It is now called by the Turks Scham Long. 69. 00. Lat. 33. 00. Dambea a City and Kingdom in Aethiopia in Africa near the Fountains of the Nile which has a Lake in it of the same Name twenty five French Leagues in Length and fifteen in Breadth incompassed on all sides by Mountains out of which arise a vast Number of Rivers to form this Lake called Bar-Dambea the Sea of Dambea in the Aethiopick Language And out of these Waters thus united the Nile springeth at some Distance from the Mounains See Nile There are twenty one Islands standing in this Lake the chiefest of which is Dek Damiata a City of Egypt upon one of the more Eastern Mouths of the Nile Anciently called Tamiatis or Damiata and now by the Arabians Damiat This City stands on the opposite Shoar to Pelusium and grew out of the Ruins of it Taken by the Christians in 1218. But in 1221. they were forced to restore it being involved in such Miseries by the Waters that were let loose upon them that they must otherwise have perished After this it was retaken by Lewis IX in 1249. who being afterwards taken Prisoner by the Sultan was forced to restore it as his Ransom after which the Saracens burnt it This is an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Alexandria and now a great well peopled City and one of the Keys of that Country Long. 63. 20. Lat. 31. 10. Dammartin or Dampmartin Domnum Martinum a Town in the Province of the Isle of France near Paris Adorned with a Collegiate Church and famous in French History for the Earls of the House that derive their Name from it Damor Leon a River in Phoenicia which ariseth from Mount Lebanon and falls into the Mediterranean Sea between Sydon and Bayrut Damut Damot or Damout a Kingdom of the higher Aethiopia heretofore under the Abissins but now torn from them by the Gala's It s Situation is towards the Lake of Zaire There are many Golden Mines in it and a City the Capital of the same Name Dampierre a Barony in the Territory of Aunis in France upon the River Boutonne or Voltunna Damvillers Damvillerum or Danvilliers Danvillerium a strong Town in Luxemburgh upon the River Maes seated upon a Hill five Leagues from Verdun to the North and about eight German Miles from Thionville to the West Taken by the French in 1637. and annexed to the Dutchy of Lorrain but in 1673. dismantled Danambre See the Nieper Danby an ancient Castle in the Tract of Cleveland in the North-Riding of Yorkshire seated near a large Park and Chase of the same Name First advanced to the Dignity of an Earldom by King Charles I. in the Person of Henry Danvers of the Line of the Lord Latimer to whom this Castle did anciently belong and afterwards upon the Default of Issue from the said Henry in the Person of Thomas Osborn created by King Charles II. Baron of Kineton and Viscount Latimer in 1673. and Earl of Danby the year after The now Marquess of Caermarthen from King William Dandalii an ancient People of Germany of great Power in the twelfth Century and so addicted to their Paganism that VValdemar King of Denmark with the Princes of Pomerania and Saxony were obliged to force them by Sea and Land to hear Christianity preached amongst them Dangala or Dancala a City of the Vpper Aethiopia upon the Nile in the Tract of Nubia whereof it is the Capital and in the Kingdom of Gorhani towards the North. Long. 52. Lat. 10. Danneberg or Daneberg a Town and County in the Dukedom of Lunenburgh upon the River Tetza four Miles from the Elb and seven from Lunenburgh to the South-East The Town has a Castle belonging to it The County belongs to the Duke of Zell and is extended from East to West upon the Elb between the Dukedom of Mecklenburgh to the North the Marquisate of Brandenburg to the South and East and the Dukedom of Lunenburgh to the West It had heretofore Earls of its own but Nicolas the last of them in 1303. sold it to Otto Duke of Brunswick Of latter Times it was under the Duke of VVolfembuttel and by him was granted in 1671. to the Duke of Zell Dantsick Dantzik Dantiscum Gedanum called by the Inhabitants and Poles Danske and Danzig by the Germans is a vast well fortified City of Poland the Capital of Prussia in the little Pomerania with a noble Haven and Castle upon the Vistula which a League below dischargeth it self into the Bay of Dantzick a Part of the Baltick Sea So watered by two other Rivers the Rodaun and the Motlau towards the South and West it has some Hills which in 1656. were first fortified against the Swedes This City is Imperial and Free belonging originally to the Empire Primislaus King of Poland in 1295. first walled it against the Knights of the Teutonick Order as Cromerus saith lib. 11. After this it was betrayed to the Marquess of Brandenburgh by one Peter Chancellor of Pomerania who being in wrath with Vladislaus Lochicus his Master King of Poland and the Castle thereupon surprised by the Teutonick Order who pretended to assist Vladislaus they demanded a vast Sum of Money which the Citizens refusing to pay they proceeded to take the City to plunder and slay great Numbers of the Inhabitants In 1310. Sigismundus Augustus took away half the Customs upon their Disrespect to his Ambassador who was sent to quiet them then in Tumult and
Stanley was created Earl of Darby in 1486. by Henry VII in the first Year of his Reign The present VVilliam Stanley who is the ninth Earl of this Family and the fourth of England succeeded Charles his Father in 1672. A Title heretofore enjoyed first by the Earls of Ferrers and Darby and afterwards by several Princes of the Royal Family Darda a strong Fort at the North end of the Bridge of Esseck built by the Turks in 1686. and taken by the Germans when they burnt the Bridge Retaken by the Duke of Lorrain in 1687. and designed to be fortified but soon after deserted rather that the Turks might have a free Passage to their ruin as came to pass Aug. 12. 1687. when they received the greatest Overthrow near this Place which has befallen them in this last Century See Mohatz The Dardanelles Dardanium Dardania are two Castles built by Mahomet II. The one in Europe where anciently stood Cestos the other in Asia in the place of Abidos upon the streightest part of the Helespont They stand two hundred Miles South of Constantinople as being the Keys of that City The famous Monsieur Thevenot who saw them in 1655. thus describes them as he is translated That which is in Romania on the Side of Europe is built in a triangular Form at the Foot of an Hill which commands and covers it where there is a little Town This Castle hath three Towers covered with Lead whereof two are towards the Land and the third which is the biggest upon the Harbor It hath said he as I could discern with a Perspective-Glass about twenty Port-holes level with the Water in which besides what I could observe by my Glasses I was assured that a Man might easily creep into some of the Guns they were of such a prodigious Bore The other on the Asia Side is in a Plain and seemed to me to be almost square It hath three Towers on each Side and a Dungeon or Platform in the Middle but not so many Port-holes as the other These Castles are of no Strength to Landward being only designed against Ships as Mr. Sandys and all observe but they were kept by strong Garrisons This Place is famous for the Loves of Hero and Leander the Passage of Xerxes by a Bridge of Boats the Passage of the Turks a little above these Castles and of later times for three Naval Victories obtained here by the Venetians in 1655 1656 and 1657. Since that the Turks have built two other Castles which bear just upon the entrance of the Hellespont about three Miles more South than the old Dardanelles That on Asia Side lieth not above two Miles from Troas upon a flat Ground That on Europe on the side of a Hill with round Towers and several Ascents after the old Fashion as Mr. VVheeler observes which he saith were built since Mr. Sandys's time and in all probability since 1655. upon the Occasion of those Venetian Victories The Turks call Lepanto and Patras at the entrance of the Bay or Gulph of Lepanto the Dardanelles by way of Allusion There are two other such Castles call'd the Dardanelles of the Gulph of Larta in Epirus eighty English Miles North-West from Lepanto Dardania the ancient Name of a Country in the upper Maesia which became afterwards a part of Dacia and now makes properly the South Quarter of the Province of Servia wherein Nizza and Vscopia stand § Also an ancient Town and Province of Troas in Asia the Less mentioned by Mela Pliny c. Darha a Country City and River in the Division of Biledulgeridia in Africa The River is subject to an annual Inundation which beginning in April if a great one makes a fruitful Year Towards this River stands the City Darha in Darha properly so called which is one of the three Parts this Country is divided into the others being Itata and the Kingdom of Teslete This Country lies between the Kingdom of Morocco Tesset and Segellomessa under the Obedience of the King of Teslete who is a Tributary to the Emperor of Morocco It abounds particularly with excellent Palm-Trees Daria an ancient Episcopal City of Mesopotamia fifteen Miles from Nisibin It has also been called Anastasiopolis and Anastasia from its Founder the Emperor Anastasius Darien a City upon the Gulph of Vrraba with a great River in the Province of Terra Firma in the South America The See of this City has been transferred thence to Panama being not so considerable a Place as formerly The River is otherwise called the River of S. John and El Rio Darien Darking a Market-Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred upon a Branch of the River Mole which at a Place called the Swallow by the Foot of a Hill here falls under Ground and rises again the Distance of a Mile thence near Norbury Darlington a Market-Town in the Bishoprick of Durham the Capital of its Wapentake with a fair Bridge over the River Skerne where there runs another small Rivulet into it Darmstad Darmstadium a Town and Landgravate in the County of Gerawer in Franconia upon the River Darmstad which has a fine Castle where the Landgrave of Gerawer or Darmstad resides It stands two Miles from the Rhine and three from Francfort on the Mayn towards the South And belongs to a Branch of the House of the Landgraves of Hesse thence entituled the Princes of Hesse-Darmstad Daroca a Town in the Kingdom of Arragon in Spain upon the River Xiloca four or five Leagues from Calatajud and about ten from Saragossa Dartford a large Market-Town in Kent in Sutton Lath upon the River Darent not far from the Influx thereof into the Thames The Rebellion of John Tyler alias Jack Straw in the Reign of Richard II. in 1381. began here Darwent a River in Darbyshire another in Cumberland and a third in Yorkshire Sir Francis Ratcliff of Dilston in the County of Cumberland was made Earl of Darwent-VVater by K. James II. August 24. 1687. Baron of Tindale and Viscount Ratcliff and Langley See Derwent Daventry a Market and great Road-Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Fauseley upon a Rivulet that falls into the Nen. Daulia Daulis an ancient City of Phocis in Achaia not far from Delphi to the South It has sometime been a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Athens now ruined § A second in Macedonia whose modern Name is Eladasagni Dauphine Allobroges Delphinatus a great Province in the South-East part of France bounded on the East by Piedmont on the North by Savoy and La Bresse from which it is separated by the River Rhosne on the West by Lion and Vivarais from which the same River divides it and on the South by Provence It had heretofore Princes of its own called the Daulphines but Humbartus II. their last Prince in 1343. gave this Principality to Philip de Valois King of France upon Condition that the eldest Son of the King of France should bear this Title which has been ever since
the South thirty six from Lion to the North. It is a great and well built City and has an old Castle and a small Territory belonging to it Long. 26. 02. Lat. 46. 50. Aurelian the Emperor walled it The Children of Hugh Capet who made this the Capital of the Kingdom of Burgundy much enlarged and beautified it Under the Dukes of Burgundy it had Counts And Lewis XI who got the possession of it after the Death of the Duke of Burgundy by the means of the then Prince of Orange built the Castle to keep the Inhabitants in Subjection The Reformed Religion in 1562. beginning to spread here was extinguished by an Edict those that imbraced it being disarmed and some of them banished Near this City S. Bernard was born There was a French Council held here in 1075. And another in 1199. under Pope Innocent III. at the Instance of Canutus King of Denmark in the behalf of his Sister Isemburge Wife of Philip the August King of France who had divorced her and remarried Whereupon the whole Kingdom was interdicted by the Pope's Legate in this Council and continued so seven Months till King Philip vacated the said Divorce and received the Lady for his Wife again By a Stone with an old Roman Inscription here found it appears that this City was in those times called Dibione The Mayor of it is honoured with the Title of a Viscount Dilinghen Dilinga a City in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany upon the Danube in the Diocese of Auspurgh seven Miles East of Vlm and the same Distance North-West from Auspurgh An University here was founded by Cardinal Otto Trucio Bishop of Auspurgh under Pope Julius III. in 1549. This City and the County belonging to it were united for ever to the Bishoprick of Auspurg by Hermanus the last Count Bishop of this Diocese who died about the Year 1260. The Jesuits of Dilinghen gave great Provocations to the Swedish War in Germany by perswading Ferdinand II. that the Protestants of his times were not the same with those of 1530. tolerated by Charles V. and therefore the Emperor who was then victorious was not obliged to keep the Peace with them By which Insinuation in 1629. they put that Prince on those Actions which brought on a War that had like to have ended in the Ruin of the House of Austria the German Liberty the Empire and the Roman Catholick Religion there Dillemburgh a Town and County in the Circle of the Rhine in VVesterwalt The Town stands on the River Dilla five German Miles from Marpurgh to the West and eleven from Francfort upon a Hill and has a strong Castle in which the Counts reside The County is called by the Germans Das Graffschaft von Dillemburgh bounded on the East by Hassia on the North by Westphalia on the West by the Rhine and on the South by Solmis This is under the Dominion of its own Prince who is of the Family of Nassau There is in it besides Dillemburgh a Town called Herborn which is an University Dimel Dimola Dilla a River of Germany which divides Hassia from VVestphalia and falls into the Weser at Helmerstrusen seven Miles East of Paderborn Dimitrado See Demetriade Dimotuc Didymotyches a City of Thrace upon the River Hebrus which almost surrounds it about seven Miles from Adrianople to the South Formerly a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Adrianople but now an Archbishop's Bajazet one of the Turkish Emperors was born here who resign'd the Empire and retired hither again Dinant Dinantium a Town in the Bishoprick of Leige upon the River Maes over which it hath a Stone-Bridge that has been ruined often but now repaired ten German Miles from Brussels to the North-East Taken by the French in the Reign of Henry II. in 1554. and almost ruined and its Cittadel demolished But all very well rebuilt again and its Cittadel is now standing upon a steep Rock There is another Town of the same Name in the Dutchy of Britain in France upon the River Rance five Miles South of S. Malo which was heretofore a strong Place and gave the Title of Earl to the younger Sons of the Dukes of Brittany Dingle Dinglae a small Town and a convenient Port in the County of Kerry in the Province of Mounster in the South-West Part of Ireland which stands upon a large Bay of the same Name seventy English Miles West of Cork § There is a Marsh in the County of Suffolk of the same Name which signifies salt Water washes as Mr. Camden seems to intimate Dingolving or Dingelfing Dingolvinga a small Town in the Dukedom of Bavaria where there was a Council held in 772. Dinkesipiel Dinchespila a small Imperial City in the Borders of Franconia upon the River Warnaw twelve Miles from Vlm to the North-East and ten from Nuremberg to the South-West It belongs to the Circle of Schwaben and has been often taken by the Swedes and French in the Wars of Germany Dionysia a figurative Name of the Island Naxia in the Archipelago given it by the Ancients in Allusion to Dionysius or Bacchus upon the Account of its abounding with excellent Wines Dionysiopolis divers antient Cities occur under this Name One in Bulgaria see Varna One upon the River Indus in Asia in the Country where stood the Pillars called Dionysii Columnae This the Ancients report to have been built by Dionysius or Bacchus being the same with the Nagara Nysse or Nerus of the modern Geographers One in Phrygia mentioned by Pliny And another in Africa by Stephanus Dioscoros Dioscori or Dioscoride an Island of Magna Graecia in the Calabrian Ocean over against Capo delle Colonne at a few Leagues distance § Another of Africa See Zocotera Diospolis an ancient City in the Thebais in the Kingdom of Aegypt surnamed Hecatompylos from its having an hundred Gates or rather so many Princely Palaces in it when the Kings of Aegypt called Diospolites after its Name made this place their Residence and Capital of their Kingdom § Also an ancient City of the Holy Land which was made a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem Called otherwise Lydda Rama and S. George and remarked in Ecclesiastical History for a Council assembled at it in 415. against Pelagius wherein he was acquitted of the Accusations of his Adversaries Dirgh a Lake in the County of Dungal in the Province of Vlster in Ireland out of which the River Leffye springs In an Island thereof you see the Cave the People call S. Patrick's Purgatory near the Ruines of a Monastery that was dedicated to S. Patrick The Noise of some subterraneous Winds or Waters heard by the People hath occasioned this conceited Name amongst them Disne See Aisne Disse a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk upon the River Wavenay The Capital of its Hundred Ditmarsen See Dietmarsh Diu Diou or Dive a small Island with a Fort upon it in the Mouth of the River Indus belonging to the Portuguese It has also a small but very strong
by the Germans Draw and Trave by the Hungarians Trab has its Rise from the Alps in Tyrol and running Eastward through Carinthia and Stiria entereth Hungaria at Serinwar where it receiveth the Muer out of Stiria and another from the Lake of Balatan in Hungary so dividing the Lower Hungary from Sclavonia it passeth to the Bridge of Esseck where a little lower it falleth into the Danube by two Mouths Dr. Brown saith it ariseth in Saltzburglant and falls into the Danube near Erdoed the old Tentobrigum after it hath passed from its Head about three hundred Miles About its entrance into Hungary it receiveth the Mur and far above this I found it a considerable River having passed it between Clagenfort and Mount Leubell in Carinthia by two long Wooden Bridges and an Island in the middle between them Dravenna See Trave Draun Drachonis Duras a River and Town of Austria the River falls into the Danube from the South a little beneath Lintz twenty six Miles West of Vienna and brings with it several other smaller Rivers Draunsee a Lake out of which this River riseth Drausen a Lake in Prussia in Poland near Elbing and Dantzick made by the Vistula Draw See the Drave Drayton a Market Town in the County of Salop in the Hundred of North Bradford upon the River Terne where it divides this County from Staffordshire The Houses of York and Lancaster fought a Battel here Drazzi See Durazzo Drente Drentia one of the three parts of Over-Yssel a Province of the Vnited States of Holland lying Northward and almost all covered with Marshes the chief Town of which is Coevorden or Coeworden The French possessed themselves of this Territory in 1672. and two years after abandoned it to the Hollanders Dresden or Dresen Dresda the principal Town of Misnia in the Vpper Saxony seated on both sides of the Elbe five Miles from the Borders of Bohemia and three above Meissen This City being in a pleasant and delightful place was in 800. fortified with Walls and Dikes against the Bohemians by Charles the Great The succeeding Princes have not been less careful of it So that it is for the strength and magnificence of the Buildings the best Town in Misnia The Elbe is here covered with a wonderful Bridge of Stone The Electors of Saxony have also made this City the place of their Residence and built here a strong Castle and a noble Magazine Dreux Drocum Durocasses Druidensis Pagus a Town in the Territory of Blasois in Normandy upon the River Blaise sixteen Miles from Paris to the West It is seated at the foot of an Hill a very ancient City and Earldom having an old decaying Castle Here in 1562. was a sharp Fight between the Hugonots and the Roman Catholicks in which the Prince of Conde was taken and nine thousand men of both sides slain In 1593. Henry le Grand besieged and took this Town in eighteen days The ancient Druides are supposed to have dwelt in it Drillae an ancient people of Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia towards the Euxine Sea betwixt Trebisonda and Cerasus in Xenophon's relation or Colchos in Arian's They had the reputation of good Soldiers Drillo Achates a River of Sicily it falls into the African Sea six Miles East of Terra Nova and has a Town upon it called by the same Name Drinawar See Drino Drino a River of Servia which riseth from the Mountains that part Servia from Albania and running Northward from Novomont by Prisen a little above Drinawahr Drinopolis a Town seated in an Island made by this River it receiveth the Lim and passeth into the Save five German Miles above Al◠the old Sirmium § Drino Bianco the White Drin is a River of Albania which ariseth from the same Mountains with the former but more East near Scopia or Vschup in Servia and running Westward takes in Drino Niero the Black Drin which ariseth from two Lakes in Albania being thus united with the former and two others from the North they pass Alessio and fall into the Bay of Drin Sinus Drinolius over against Manfredona in Italy Drista Silistria the principal City in Bulgaria Drivasto Triastum Drivastum an Episcopal City of Albania upon the Lake of Scutari under the Turk This See was a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Antivari Droan or Dron Drahonas a River in the Bishoprick of Treves Drobafaf Chromium the Scythian or Frozen Sea North-East of Russia and Nova Zemla Drogheda a City in the County of Louth in the Province of Leinster in Ireland called by the Irish Drogadagh and Treda upon the River Boyne twenty two Miles North of Dublin It has an excellent and safe Haven in Mr. Cambden's time well peopled and much frequented This Town falling into the hands of the Duke of Ormond in 1649. and stormed soon after by Oliver Cromwell September 11. of the same year he put all the Garrison which was about four thousand to the Sword and as to the Inhabitants spared neither Sex Age Poor or Rich but intirely ruined all before him not regarding the good Service this City had done in the beginning of the War by preserving the Reliques of the English Nation from the cruelty and rage of the Rebellious Irish Sir Arthur Aston the Governour perished with the Garrison It being the first place the Tyrant took in Ireland this cruelty was intended to strike a terror into the others that he might with the greater facility reduce the Kingdom under his Dominion and accordingly he had incredible success in all his future attempts It surrendred to King William in two days after the Fight at the Boyne Droinholm a Royal House of Pleasure of the Kings of Sweden one League from Stockholm Droitwich a Borough Town in Worcestershire in the Hundred of Halfshire upon the Banks of the Salwarp It returns two Members to the House of Commons and is a noted place for its Salt-pits La Drome Druna Druma a River which ariseth in the Confines of Gapencois in Dauphine in France and having watered Die and Crest falls into the Rhosne three Leagues below Valence Dronfield a Market Town in Derbyshire in the hundred of Scarsdale Drontheim or Druntheim Nidrosia called also Trondhem was heretofore the Capital of the Kingdom of Norway made an Archbishops See and a Metropolis by Pope Eugenius III. It stands on the Western Shoars of Norway seventy five German Miles from Bergen to the North and one hundred and ten from Stock-Holm to the North-West in Long. 28. 02. Lat. 64. 10. It s Latin name comes from the River Nider upon which it stands This City is now a very great Mart and has a large and a safe Harbour yet lies open without any Fortifications being in this more like a great Village than a City Heretofore much greater the many fires which have happened in it have lessened it and besides the Church of S. Olao which was once the most beautiful Church in all the North is now buried in its Ashes it has also
a Castle taken by the Swedes and granted them by a Treaty in 1658. but in 1660. the Danes again recovered it The Country about is called the Government or Prefecture of Drontheim granted to the Swedes with the City but since recovered with it too This is the largest Prefecture in Norway reaching from North to South five hundred Miles and from West to East one hundred Droses Jernus a River of Conaught in the County of Clare which falls into the Bay of Shannon at Dinghanbeg Dinga East of Clare two Miles Le Drot Drotius a River in Aquitaine in France which ariseth at Montpasier ten Miles North-West of Cahors and running West falls into the Garrone over against Bazas nine Miles East of Bourdeaux Druidae Druides the Priests of the antient Gauls compared by Laertius with the Magi Gymnosophistae and Philosophers of Persia India and Greece for their pretensions to Learning and Piety and Authority over the people of whose Superstitions they were the Authors as of their affairs publick or private the Arbitrators The Eugabes of Ammianus Marcellinus the Saronides of Diâ—d Siculus and the Semnotheoi of others were several Orders of these Priests according as they applyed themselves either to the services of the Altar or to the Contemplation of the Works of Nature In the former they made Sacrifices of Men till the Emperors Angustus Tiberius and Claudius by repeated Interdicts at last broke them of that barbarity Their other they delivered to the publick in thousands of Verses unwritten only committed to Memory and passing the course of Ages by Tradition Their name of Druides some derive from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because of a particular esteem they had for an Oak Some from Deru in the Celtick Language of the same signification They had a Chief Priest over them in the nature of a Soveraign Pontiff And we read the Gauls were so possessed by them with the belief of the immortality of the soul that they would lend mony in this world upon condition to be paid in the next Valer. Max. The Town Dreux in Normandy is supposed to be so called from these Druides Drummore Drummoria a City in the County of Lowth in the Province of Vlster in Ireland upon the River Lagang with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Armagh Druses Druzes Drusi a people living in Grots and Caverns about the Mountain Libanus in Asia and onwards as far as to the Dead Sea following in Religion the Institutions of one Isman or Ismael a Prophet pretended which allow them to marry with their own Children or Sisters or Brothers and to live in perfect liberty from all such like precepts and ties as are in use amongst the Jews Christians and Mahometans They Traffick with the French Merchants for Silks and say they are descended from the French that went to the Conquest of the Holy Land with Godfrey of Bouillon being after the loss of Jerusalem in 1187. forced for safety to retire hither under the command of one of the House of Dreux Drut Dara a River of Carmania in Persia It falls into the Persian Gulph over against the City of Ormus having passed between Fafa and Chabon Duare a strong Fortress of Dalmatia upon a Hill not far from Almissa Taken from the Turks by the Venetians in 1646. and soon after lost again In 1652. retaken and demolished Whereupon the Turks to hinder the Incursions of the Morlaques out of Croatia rebuilt it yet in 1684. the Morlaques forced it and there is now a Venetian Garrison in it Dublin Dublinum in Irish Balacleigh the Capital City of the Kingdom of Ireland in the Province of Leinster in a County of the same Name upon the River Leffy which is the noblest River in all this Kingdom and maketh a Capacious Haven here at about twenty Leagues distance from Holyhead in Wales This City is called EBLANA by Ptolemy When or by whom it was first built is not known but old it must needs be by its being mentioned by him Saxo Grammaticus acquaints us how much it suffered by the Danes it was afterwards under Edgar King of England and Harald Harfager King of Norway In the year 1151. P. Eugenius III. made it an Archbishops See with the Title and Jurisdiction of a Primacy Henry II. having Conquered Ireland sent hither from Bristol a Colony whereby it began to Flourish more and more and became the Capital of the Kingdom the Seat of the Lieutenant the Courts of Justice and their Parliaments strengthened with a Castle on the East side built by Henry Loundres a Bishop in 1220. and near it there was a Royal Palace built by Henry II. King of England It has a College for Students which is an University of it self founded by Q. Elizabeth in in 1591. This was attempted before by Alexander Bicknor Archbishop of Dublin who in 1320. obtained from the Pope a Bull for it but the troublesome times that followed defeated that good design then at the North Gate is a Bridge of hewen Stone built by King John It has a Cathedral of great antiquity Dedicated to S. Patrick the Apostle of the Irish Nation and built at several times in which are a Dean two Archdeacons and twenty two Prebendaries there is another fair Collegiate Church in the City called Christs Church built in 1012. and about thirteen Parochial ones In more ancient times this City was Governed by a Provost but in 1409. Henry IV. granted them License to choose every year a Mayor and two Bailiffs changed into Sheriffs by Edward IV. thus far Cambden King Charles II. honored them with a Lord Mayor This City escaping the fury of the Massacre was besieged by the Parliament Forces and by the Duke of Ormond by the Kings Order delivered to the English rather than the Irish Rebels for they were now united against their King and when afterwards June 21. 1649. he indeavoured to recover it his Army was broken by a Sally and totally defeated and this City continued in their Hands till 1660. It has been extraordinarily enlarged in its Buildings in the twenty years last past The County of Dublin is bounded on the East by the Irish Sea on the West with the County of Kildare on the South by the little Territories of O Tooles and O. Brians on the North by the County of Meath and a small River called Nanny The Soil is fruitful as to every thing but Wood so that they use Sea-Coal and Turf for their Fewel It is well Inhabited Rich full of excellent Sea-Port Towns Ducey a Town of Normandy upon the River Ardee in the Diocese of Auranches Ducy a Town of Normandy betwixt Caen and S. Lo in the Diocese of Bayeux Duderstad Duderstadium a Town in the Dukedom of Brunswick upon the River Wipper eight Miles from Cassel to the North-East This Town though in the Duchy of Thuringia has belonged to the Elector of Mentz ever since 1365 and is the Capital of the Territory of Eichfeld Dudley a Market Town in
is full of Mines of Iron the Valleys are fruitful here also and on the Eastern side the Country is very fruitful of Grass Corn and Sea-Coal Though all the English Kings were liberal to this Church upon the account of S. Cuthbert yet Guthrun the Dane was the first that granted this Bishoprick o◠County to the Church of Durham which was afterward confirmed by Canutus another Danish Prince and by William the Conqueror ever since which time it has been accounted a County Palatine Dr. Nathaniel Crew the present Bishop of this Diocese being the LXX in number from S. Aidanus was translated from Oxford hither in the year 1674. Duringen See Thuringia Durlach or Dourlach Durlachum Budoris a City in the Marquisate of Baden in Schwaben in Germany scarce two Miles from the Rhine to the East and four from Baden This is the Capital of the Marquisate of Durlach and the lower part of the Marquisate of Baden which bounds it on the South the Rhine lies on the West the Dukedom of Wirtemberg on the East and the Palatinate of the Rhine on the North. It is subject to its Marquess of the House of Baden who has some other Territories and Honors in these Parts Durseley a Market Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Wotton Dusseldorp Dusseldorpium the chief Town of the Dutchy of Bergh upon the Rhine five Miles beneath Cologne This Town was fortified against the Duke of Brandenburg by the Duke of Newburg in 1613. who has since had his Residence here Duvelandt the same with Beveland Duysburg See Duisburg Dwina Duna Dzwina a vast River in Muscovy or Russia which riseth in the Province of Megrina from two several Heads that unite at VVologda one of the principal Cities of Russia and running North-East passeth by the Lake of Soeclina beneath which it receiveth from the East the River Juga and a little lower the River VVuyma then turning North-East it falls into the VVhite Sea by three Mouths upon the most Eastern of which stands Arch-Angel the only frequented Port of Russia The heads of this River were called before their union Jagel and Sachana and after it Dwina § There is another River of the same Name which riseth out of a Lake of the same Name ten Leagues from the Lake of Fronowo and the Sources of the Nieper and falls into the Baltick Sea below Riga saith Olearius I suppose this is it which the latter Maps call Duna This River riseth in a Province of Russia called Novogard near the Lake VVolga and the Fountains of the River of that Name and turning Westward being augmented by some smaller Rivers it entereth Lithuania at VVitepks then passing Poloczko Drima Duneberg Kakenheusen and separating Livonia from Semigallia it falls into the Gulph or Bay of Livonia a part of the Baltick Sea on the South of Riga by Dunemund a Castle seated on the Mouth of it The Muscovites call it Dzwina saith Baudrand § The Province of Dwina is the greatest and most Northern of all Russia heretofore subject to the Duke of Novogard one hundred Russian Miles in length It had formerly but one City called by the same Name which stands in the middle of it but since the Passage to Arch-Angel has been discovered it is become one of the most considerable Provinces in Russia Arch-Angel being seated in this Province and the greatest Trade driven on the Dwina Dyfy See Dee a River in VVales Dynas-Mouthwye a Market Town in the County of Merioneth in VVales The Capital of its Hundred Dyrne See Tyrnaw EA EAdmont or Eamont a River in the County of Westmorland which joins with the Lowther by Whinfeld Forrest Earne or Lough-Earne Erno Erdinus a Lake in Vlster which passing into the Lake of Devenish a little more West they both together fall into the Virgivian or Western Ocean by the Bay of Walley between Dungal to the North and Slego to the South Easingwold a Market Town in the North-Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Bulmer East-Born a Market Town in the County of Sussex in Bevensey Rape East-Breane Brenia a Tract in the County of Cavan in the Province of Vlster in Ireland near the Lough-Earne Easton-ness a Promontory on the Coast of Suffolk which makes the Northern Point of Southwold Bay the most Eastern Cape of the whole Kingdom of England Eaton Aetonia Etona a Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Stock upon the River Thames over against Windsor made famous by a College of the Foundation of King Henry VI. in which there is a Grammar-School of great esteem for the education of the English youth Eaune Heldona Elna a River of France commonly called Liane It ariseth in the Confines of Artois and running through the County of Bologne falls into the British Sea at Bologne Eause Elusa or Elusaberis a ruined City of France commonly called Euse and Eusan in a Territory of the same Name upon the River Gelize often mentioned by Sulpitius Severus Ammianus and Sidonius It was once an Archbishops See and the Metropolis of Novempopulonia but now an obscure Village in Armagnac in Gascogny five Miles from Condom West Civtat is built of late towards the Rumes of it The Archbishops See was translated to Aux hence Ebersdorp Eberstorfium a Town in the Lower Austria in Germany It stands upon the Danube two Miles below Vienna adorned with a Castle to which the Emperors delight to retire Eberstein a County the Circle of Schwaben in Germany taking its Name from the Castle Eberstein towards the Dukedom of Wirtemberg They both belong to the Marquess of Baden Eberwyck York Eblaba Alabanda an Inland City of Caria now Aidinelli in the Lesser Asia on the South of the River Madre Long. 52. 28. Lat. 38. 46. It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Staurople or Sancta Croce Ebro Iberus one of the greatest Rivers of Spain called by the FrenchEbre It ariseth from the Mountains of the Asturia's in old Castile near the Village and Castle of Mantillas from two Springs and watering the North part of Old Castile the Towns of Frias Miranda Logrono and Tudela where it takes in the River Arga from the South and from thence becomes capable to carry a Boat it soon after enters into and divides the Kingdom of Arragon then takes in Biel from the North and Xalon from the South a little below Alagon then saluting Saragoza it admits Rio de la Guerva from the South and Gallego from the North Aguas Marcia and Guadalupe come in from the South as it passes Burgo and Fuentes and at Mequinenca Segre of old Sicoris with a number of smaller Rivers in its retinue Algas on the South and a knot of small Rivolets on the North also come in to pay their Tributes so watering the Southern part of Catalonia a little beneath Tortosa he falls into the Mediterranean Sea between three small Islands made by his own Sands This River gave the Name anciently of Iberia to all Spain Festus Avienus mentions
another River Iberus which is apprehended to be the same with that the Moderns call Rio Tinto Ebudae Hebudes Hebrides Aebudae five small Islands to the West of the Kingdom of Scotland now more commonly thence called the VVestern Isles They have the honour to constitute a Bishoprick under the Archbishoprick of Glascow Eburones Eburonices Aulerici Eburiaci and Eburovices an ancient People of Gallia Celtica dwelling at and about the modern Eureux in Normandy and the Diocese of Liege taken in its former Latitude Ebusus See Ivica Ecbatana the Capital City of the Kingdom of the ancient Medes apprehended to be the same with the Modern Casbin or else Tauris of Persia See Casbin Hani and Tauris King Cambyses died here in the year of the World 3532. Parmenion by the order of Alexander Magnus was killed in 3725. and the alter Alexander Hephaestion buried here in 3728. with so much Funeral Pomp as amounted to twelve thousand Talents § There was another ancient Ecbatana in Phoenicia towards Mount Carmel Eccleshal a Market-Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill Ecija Astigi Astygi a City of the Kingdom of Andalusia in Spain called by Pliny Augusta Firma upon the River Xenil over which it hath a Bridge eight Miles from Cordova to the South and fourteen from Sevil to the North. This was anciently a Bishops See but now a part of the Diocese of Sevil and at this time one of the best Cities in Andaluzia recovered from the Moors in 1239. L'Ecluse See Sluys Eda Baetius a River in Arabia Foelix which springing out of the Mountains of Ghazuan Bengebres watereth Harsan and a little below Tajef takes in the River Chaibar then by passing by Badid Almortasse Baisat and Mecca it falls into the Red Sea at Ziden or Giodda over against Suaquem in Africa Edel Rha. See Wolgha Eden the Garden of Paradise described Gen. 2. 3. to be planted by the Divine hand at the head of a River which afterwards breaking into four Currents produces the Rivers Pison Geichon Hiddekel and Euphrates from whence they conjecture this Garden to have had its place in the Country about Mesopotamia in Asia Not but that the circumstances of the Guardian Cherubims and a Flaming Sword invisible the Fruit-Trees of Life and Knowledge the Serpents talking with Humane Voice and by an easie fallacy trepanning of his Lord into a condition of entailing Curses upon posterity unborn c. have administred apprehensions to the Curious of this History's being either an Hypothesis of the Writer or an Allegory § Eden Ituna a River of England which ariseth from Huseat Movel-Hill in Yorkshire It passeth Pendragon Castle Kirby Steven Appleby and at Hornbey takes in the River Eimot and entereth Cumberland out of VVestmâ—rland running Northward it passeth Corby Castle and VVarwick then turning West it watereth Carlisse taking in Petterel and Canda one above the other beneath that City also the Irthing which falleth by Brampton and Kirksop the Boundary of England and Scotland so falleth by the Bay of Itune or Eden into the Irish Sea between Anand Castle in Scotland and Boulnesse in England Eder Adrana Aeder a River of Germany which ariseth in the Vpper Hassia and flowing through the Earldom of VValdeck watereth Franekenberg VValdeck and two Miles above Cassel to the North falls into the River Fuld Edernay Hadrianopolis See Adrianople Edessa See Rhoa Edgware a small Market Town in the County of Middlesex in the Hundred of Gore Edinburgh Agneda Edenburgum is the Capital City of the Kingdom of Scotland and Seat of the Kings of that Nation It stands in the South part of Scotland in the County of Lothaine anciently called CASTRVM ALATVM and Edenburroth signifies the same thing for Aidan in the Welsh is Wing it stands on a high Ground in an healthful Air a fruitful Soil watered by many excellent Springs in length from East to West a Mile the breadth something less the Walls strong the publick and private Buildings Magnificent full of People and has a competent Trade by the advantage of the Port of Leith not far from it At the East end is the Royal Palace by it a fine Park and not far off a strong Castle upon a Rock As the variety of the Fortune of War changed this City fell sometimes into the hands of the English and at others of the Scots till 960. when the last prevailed by the means of the Danish Irruptions September 14. 1650. after the Battel of Dunbar the Castle was delivered into hands of the English who kept it till the Restitution of Charles II. And June 13. 1689. the Duke of Gourdon surrendred the same to K. William's Forces under Sir John Lanier upon Conditions for the Garrison only For as to his own Interest he submitted himself to K. William's discretion It lies in Long. 16. 00. Lat. 56. 15. § The Fyrth of Edinburgh is one of the greatest Bays in Scotland on the North it has Fife on the South Sterling and Lothaine and several of the principal Cities of this Kingdom stand about it or near to it Edge-Hill a place in VVarwickshire near Kyneneton seven Miles South of VVarwick where on Sunday October 23. 1642. was fought the first Battel between Charles I. and the Parliamentarians under the Earl of Essex The Earl of Lindsey Commander of the King's Battalia and General of the Field was slain and the Standard taken but retaken by Sir John Smyth who after the Fight was made a Knight Banneret The King had in this first Battel clearly the advantage and opened his way to Oxford and London and the next day took Banbury whereas Essex retreated first to VVarwick then to Coventry and left both the Field and the Passes Edom. See Idumaea Efeso See Ephesus Ega a River in Spain it ariseth in Aalva in Biscay and flowing through the Kingdom of Navarr watereth Stella and Villa Tuercta and between Calahorra and Villafranca falls on the North into the Ebro Egates or Aegates a knot of Islands in the Sicilian Sea over against the Promontory of Drepanum in Sicily to the West They are memorable for the Naval Victory obtained here by C. Lutatius Catulus the Roman Consul over the Carthaginians wherein seventy of their Vessels being taken and fifty sunk a Peace by them desired was concluded upon condition they should quit all their pretensions to the Islands betwixt Italy and Africa with which the first Punick War ended in the year of Rome 513. i. e. 241. before Christ See Gotham Egaean Sea See Archipelago Eger and Etlaw See Agria Eger Egra and Oegra a strong Town in the Kingdom of Bohemia upon a River of its own Name towards the Frontiers of Franconia in Germany It was the Seat of the ancient Narisci according to Thuanus and became first a dependent of the Crown of Bohemia by Mortgage in 1315. In the German Wars often besieged Those of the Country call it Heb or Cheb Egers Aegiricius Egericius commonly called Gers a River of France in the
Jupiter the other to Venus heretofore are yet visible upon it England Anglia called by the French Angleterre by the Italians Inghilterra by the Germans Engel-landt by the Spaniards Inglaterra is the greatest the most Southern and the best Part of the Island of Great Britain called heretofore Albion Britannica and Britannia Which noble Island is divided into three Parts England Wales and Scotland England has Scotland on the North the Irish Sea in part and Wales in part and then the Irish Sea again on the West the British Sea on the South and the German Sea on the East Between 17. and 22. Deg. of Long. between 50. and 57. of N. Lat. It lies together with Wales in the Form of a great Triangle whereof the Southern Shoar is the Base and Berwick the opposite Angle from whence to the Lands End it is accounted three hundred eighty six Miles Long and two hundred seventy nine Broad containing in that Compass about thirty Millions of Acres of Land It was divided by the Romans into five Parts by the Saxons into seven Kingdoms and now into forty one Shires or Counties In which the Parishes amount to about ten thousand The Air is very Temperate both in Winter and Summer being warmed in the one and cooled in the other by the Sea-Vapors the Soil for the most part very fruitful watered with three hundred twenty five Rivers The Inhabitants Valiant and Industrious And as Nature has given it whatever is absolutely necessary to the Life of Man so the Natives by their Trade and Commerce bring in from abroad what may be had throughout the World for Convenience Delight Magnificence and Ornament It has also the best Government and the best constituted Religion of any Nation in the World and as much Learning Civility Arts and Trade as any other Our Fleets excel at Sea our Foot at Land those of all other Nations In short we want nothing to make us happy but Gratitude to God and Union amongst our selves This Island became first known to the Romans about fifty years before the Birth of Christ Julius Caesar entered it with a Fleet in the Year of the World 3895. and renewed his Attempt the year following but the Civil Wars breaking out between him and Pomper the Romans made little Progress here though they kept their Ground till the Reign of Claudius who entered Britain in Person and staying not long his General Aulus Plautius carried on the War so that he took in the greatest part of this Island now called England and under him Vespasian learned the Art of War Didius Avitus succeeded as General and Nero as Emperor under whom the Romans were in great Danger of an utter Extirpation from the Britains But this Storm blowing over they conquered all they cared for as far the Fyrths of Galloway and Edinburgh in Scotland only their ordinary and standing Bounds were between Newcastle and Carlisle They continued their Possession till the year of Christ 433. and then withdrew to desend their nearer Dominions on the Continent against the prevailing barbarous Northern Nations In 449. the Saxons were called in to help the Britains against the Picts those Nations that had never been subject to the Romans in the North of Britain In 455. Hengist their General set up the Kingdom of Kent and began the Conquest of the British By the year 819. the Heptarchy or seven Kingdoms of the Saxons united in one under Egbert King of the West-Saxons which Union received its utmost Perfection under Alfrid about 873. The Danes who had given Occasion to this Union pursuing their Depredations at last conquered the Saxons in 1018. and set up Sweno a Prince of their own In 1042. Edward the Confessor restored the Saxon Line which was broken by William the Conqueror in 1066. But the Blood was again restored by Henry II. in 1155. Edward I. united Wales in 1246. K. Henry II. began and K. John finished the Conquest of Ireland about the Year 1184. in the Reign of Richard I. his Brother In the year 1602. James I. K. of Scotland succeeding Qu Elizabeth of Blessed Memory united Scotland to England And the great Rebellion in 1640. ended in 1660. by the Restitution of Charles the Merciful and Just Yet the Miseries that brought it in the Calamities that attended it and the Judgments that have followed it may be eternal Monitors to English Men to be Loyal to the King and stedfast to the Church Engur Astelfus a River of Asia which springeth from Mount Caucasus and watering Mengrelia falls into the Euxine or Black Sea between Charus and Hippus Twenty Miles North of Chobus another River of the same Country Engury Ancyra a City of Galatia in the Lesser Asia upon the River Parthenius now Sangari which falls into the Black Sea at Cangary This was the Metropolis of Galatia yet seated in the Confines of Paphlagonia on an advanced Ground And made Famous by a Council here held in 314. and another in 357. Called by the Turks Enguri Engouri Angouri or Anguri fifty Miles to the East from Scutari and sixty from Smyrna to the N. East It is now considerable and the Capital of one of the Turkish Provinces in Asia Mithridates the Famous King of Pontus was overthrown by Pompey near this City-Bajazet the Turk in the year 1403. was in the same Place taken Prisoner by Tamerlane the Scythian Conqueror Long. 62. 10. Lat. 42. 30. Enham Aenhamum a Town in the County of Southampton in the Hundred of Andover Of Note for a Council here congregated of the Bishops of both the Provinces in the Year 1009. under the Reign of King Ethelred Enkoping Enecopia a Town in the Province of Vplandia in the Kingdom of Sweden near the Lake Meler five or six Leagues from Vpsal Enna an ancient City standing heretofore in the Center of the Island of Sicily and Famous both for a Temple dedicated to the Goddess Ceres Ennea and for the excellentest Springs in all the Island which are applauded by Cicero and Diodorus The Bellum Servile of Sicily was raised by Syrus Ennus of this Place and ended with the Reduction of this Place also under the Conduct of Pimperna Eno Aenos a City of Thrace called by the Turks Ygnos by the Greeks Eno. It stands on the Archipelago at the Mouth of the River Hebrus now Mariza which runs a little South of Adrianople and here falls into the Sea over against the Isle of Samandrachi forty Miles from the new Dardanels to the North and sixty five English Miles from Adrianople South Is now a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Enrichemont See Boisbelle Ens Claudivium Claudionum Anisus is both a River and a City of Austria the River riseth in the Bishoprick of Saluburgh near Rachstad and running North-East as far as Newmarckt it takes in that of Celstal North-West it meets the Steyr at Steyr Castle and there it turns to the North and washeth the East Side of the City of Ens half a German
Mile beneath which it falls into the Danube Near the City there is a Bridge over the Danube on the North-West Side Ensisheim Ensihemium a small City in Alsatia upon the River Ill two Miles West of Newenburgh five Miles North-West from Basil Once the Capital of the Higher Alsatia and the Seat of the Parliament or Chamber of that Province but now in the hands of the French Entre-Douro-e-Minho a Province the best peopled and the most delightful of all the Kingdom of Spain containing in the space of eighteen Leagues in length and twelve in breadth six good Port-Towns above one hundred and thirty Monasteries and fourteen hundred Parishes It hath this Appellation given it from its Situation betwixt the Rivers Douero to the South and Minho to the North the Western Ocean binding it to the West and the Province of Tras-los-Monies to the East It s Capital is the City Braga Entrevaux Intervallium a Town in Provence upon the River Var and the Frontiers of the County of Nice about the Mountains which the Bishop of Glâ—ndevâ—s makes the Seat of his Residence Epaune or Epone Epaunense Ponense Eponense a Town or Parish in the old Kingdom of Burgandy in France where there was a Council held in 51â— under the Reign of Sigismund King of Burgundy after his abjuration of Arrianism The French Writers cannot agree where to place it more particularly Ephesus Eâ—â—so one of the most ancient and noble Cities of the Lesser Asia seated upon the River Causter Caâ—strus in the Province of Ionia on the Shoars of the Archipelago North of the Isle of Samos one of the greatest and most celebrated Cities of Asia before it fell into the hands of the depopulating Sarâ—oâ—ns and Turâ—â— who seem to have been designed by Heaven for the Scourges and Destroyers of ancient Cities or rather of Mankind there is so much Desolation where ever they have long ruled This City is so ancient that it is generally believed to have been built by the Amazons It stood at first on too low a Ground and therefore suffering much by Inundations Lysimachus one of the Successors of Alexander the Great removed it into that place where it now is and called it Arsinoe by the Name of his Wife but after his Death it reassumed its ancient Name Pliny calls the Temple of Diana here built Admirationem Graecae Magnificentiae The Wonder of the Grecian Magnificence and reckons it amongst the Wonders of the World this was burnt by Erostratus to perpetuate the Memory of his Name that night Alexander the Great was born in the one hundred and sixth Olympiad and the three hundred ninety eighth year of Rome i. e. three hundred fifty six years before Christ Two hundred and twenty years more afterwards were spent in rebuilding it with the utmost Magnificence at the charges of all the Provinces of Asia Minor Xerxes though he ruined many of the Asiatick Temples spared this The Romans conquered this City under Antiochus King of Syria an hundred and eighty years before the Birth of our Saviour and in their first Asiatick War Nero plundered it the Goths under Galienus destroyed it S. Paul first planted the Christian Faith residing in person three years here and wrote one of his Epistles to this Church afterwards whilst he was at Rome S. John the beloved Apostle lived and wrote and in probability died here to him the great Church was dedicated that is now a Turkish Mosque S. Timothy was its first Bishop after S. Paul The third General Council consisting of two hundred Prelates was held here in the year 431. under Theodosius junior against Nestorius and Pelagius There was a smaller Council here in 198 concerning the Celebration of Easter in which the Bishops resolving to adhere to the Asiatick Custom Pope Victor declared to break his Communion with them Another in 400. held by S. Chrysostom for the quieting the Disturbances of Asia Another in 449 by Dioscorus Patriarch of Alexandria for the confirming the Opinions of Euryches in which Popâ— Leo's Legats were rejected and some others When this City came first into the hands of the Turks I cannot assign but it is certain they call it Aâ—â—salouc and that it is a poor desolate Village though with a fine Haven and an old ruined Castle This City lies forty Miles from Smyrna to the South full of the deplorable Ruines of its pristine Glory Long. 55. 45. Lâ—at 39. 00. All the Inhabitants of this City now are about forty or fifty Families of Turks without one Christian amongst them living in a knot at the South Side of the Castle called Asia Sabuck The Grott of the seven famous Sleepers is shewn in this City Epidamnus See Duraâ—â—o Epiâ—aâ—rus See Malvasia and Ragusa § An ancient City besides of Argia in the Peloponnesus where there was a Temple dedicated to Aesculapius Epideno Apidanus a River of Thessalia called sometimes Epedonia it ariseth from Mount Bormio and washing Pharsalia famous for the overthrow of Pompey the Great by Caesar falls into the River Onocoro Peneus above Larissa with a very swift Current Epirus a Kingdom in Greece which was anciently much celebrated and had first Kings of its own till the Macedonians subjected it it is bounded on the North by Macedonia now Albania on the East by Thessalia on the South by Achaia now Livadia and on the West by the Ionian Sea or Gulph of Venice This Province is now sometimes called the Lower Albany It is most famous for its ancient King Pyrrhus who invaded Italy and beat the Romans in the year of the World 3669. two hundred seventy nine years before the Birth of our Saviour See Florus lib. 1. cap. 18. This Kingdom was reduced to the Macedonian Subjection by Philip and Alexander the Great but Pyrrhus not only recovered it but conquered and for some time kept Macedonia The Romans subdued it next and Paulus Aemilius laid it desolate sacking in one day seventy Cities and captivating an hundred and fifty thousand Epirots without any Provocation In the Division of the Empire this Country fell to the Eastern and continued so till the taking of Constantinople after which it had Princes of its own again till the year 1466. when by the death of George Castriot commonly called Scanderberg it was reduced under the Dominion of the Turks under whom it still is excepting Corfu and some other small Islands which are under the Venetians Episcopia Curium once a City of the Isle of Cyprus now a great Village which is yet a Bishops See amongst the Greeks it lies on the South Side of the Island East of Paphos and not far from the South-West Cape in a Bay called heretofore Curia Epomeus or Epopeus a Vulcanoe-Mountain in the midst of the Island of Ischia in the Thuscan Ocean so terrible in its Eruptions accompanied with Inundations and Earthquakes that we find the Inhabitants have divers times abandoned the Island for safety It is recorded particularly to have raged under the Consulship of
Lucius Marcius and Sextus Julius under the Reigns of Augustus Titus and Dioclesian and in the year 1300. Epping a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Waltham The Lord Gray of Wâ—rk has a Seat here Epsham or Epsom a Market Town in the County of Surrey in the Hundred of Copehorn pleasantly situated and much resorted to for its Medicinal Waters Epte Illa a River in the Beauvaisis in the Isle of France Erasino or Rasino a small River of the Morea in â—â—carnania the most North-Eastern Province near Napoli di Romania it ariseth out of a Lake anciently called Stymphalis and having buried it self under the Earth ariseth again and falls at last into the Golfo di Napoli L'Eraut or l'Erraud Araurius Rhauraris a River of the Province of Languedoc in France arising from the Mountains of Sevennes and passing by Castelnau de Guers Florensac c. to discharge its Tribute to the Mediterranean having first received into its own Bed some Streams by the way Erdelia Erdeliana provincia Erdely See Transylvania Eresby a Town in the Division of Lindsey in Lincolnshire not far from Bullingbrook giving the Title of Baron to the Earl of Lindsey Eresma Areva a River of Old Castile in Spain it ariseth from Mount Fonfria in the Borders of New Castile and passing by Segovia receiveth the small Rivolet of Clamores and another at Coca called the Valtaia and a little lower the Cega then falls into the Duero over against Tordesillas Baudrand This River seems to be called Zarpardiel and another that falls into it from the West here called Cega to be the Areva or Eresma but in the ancient Maps that which falls by Segovia is called Areva Eretria an ancient Episcopal City of the Island of Negropont now called Rocco § A second in the Province of Thessalia Erfurdt Erfurt Erford Biâ—urgium Erphordium Hercinophordia a City in Thuringia in Germany the Capital of that Province It stands upon the River Iera three Miles from Weimar West fifteen from Franckfort to the South-West Long. 31. 00. Lat. 51. 00. Of old called Mervigisburg from Meroveus the first Christian King of France There was a Monaâ—tery built here by Dagobert another King of France in the year 637. after which it was called Petersberg and there is now a famed University founded in 1392. There was a Council held here in 932. for the keeping the Festivals of the Apostles in 1074. for the promoting Celibacy and Chastity and the forbidding Concubinage amongst the Clergy which had no good success In 1163. it was walled Rudolphus I extinguished here a great Sedition in 1289. The Church of our Lady here was built in 1351. A Fire almost totally ruined this City in 1417. Since which it has been so nobly rebuilt and improved that the people ordinarily say Erford is not a City but a Country In 1514. Luther found here Jerom of Prague his Works and published them The Castle stands upon a Hill where there was heretofore a Religious House Gustavus King of Sweden took it at his coming into Germany but in 1648. it returned into the obedience of the Bishop of Mentz by the Treaty of Osnabruck And because the inhabitants refused to submit to the said Bishop the French assisted him to make himself Master of it in 1664. first having taken it from the Duke of Saxony who had yet seventeen of ninety Villages which did belong to it assigned to him by the Treaty of Leipsick in 1665. in lieu of his Right and Pretences Ergel Heraclea a ruined City of Caria in the Lesser Asia between Mount Cadmas to the South the River Lycus to the East and the Meander to the West directly East of Ephesus Ptolemy placeth it about an hundred English Miles from it Eridanus the Po. Erin Ireland in Irish Erissi Erissus a Town in the Isle of Lesbia Erivan or Irivan a noble City of Armenia upon the Frontiers of Persia It is built upon a Rock at whose foot the River Zenguey glides to the North-West and the Queâ—rk boutak or River of forty fountains to the South-West the former being here passed by a fine Stone Bridge In a good Air and a fruitful Soil for Wine especially adorned with divers Churches a magnificent Palace for the Governour and very commodious Caravanseras for Travellers about one hundred paces from the Old Erivan which was ruined in the Wars of the Turks and Persians and kept garrisoned with two thousand men The Armenians have a Tradition amongst them that this was the Seat of Paradise and the habitation of Noah before and after the Deluge In the year 1584 the Turks took it and built it that stately Forâ—reâ—s we now see there The Persians recovered it in 1604. The Turks retook it in 1629. The Persians recovered it again in 1635. It is the Capital of a large adjacent Territory Erlaph Erlape a River of the Lower Austria which falls into the Danube Erma See Herma Erne Ravius a Lake and River in the West of Ireland Erneo See Irneo Erpach Erpachum a Town and County in Franconia in Germany under its own Count between the Rhine the Mayne and the Necker having the Territory of Geraw or Grawer on the West This Count hath the privilege of a Seat in the general Diets of the Empire Erquico Arquico or Ercoco Er 〈…〉 Adulis a considerable Town and Port upon the Red Sea in the Kingdom of Barnagasso in Africa under the Turks being a dependent of the Beglerbegship of Suaâ—â—en Errif Errifis a Province in the Kingdom of Fez in Barbary lying along the Mediterranean Coast between the Provinces of Habat to the West and Garet to the East § And a Mountain called of old Atlas Minor Erythaea a small Island of fame amongst the ancient Greek and Latin Poets for the Story of King Geryon But the Geographers have not agreed upon the place of it whether betwixt Cadis and Spain as Pliny or upon the Coast of Portugal amongst the Barlinguas as Mela and others would have it Erythraea an ancient City of Ionia in Asia Minor to the Sea adorned since the times of Christianity with the Seat of a Bishop under the Archbishop of Ephesus And famous in the Ages before for the Sibylla of its Name whose Verses not only condemn the multiplicity of Gods saying there is but One only the Creator of all but moreover speak so advantageously of the first and second coming of Christ that some of them repeated by Eusebius make an Acrostick upon his name and quality under these words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Erythraeum Mare See the Red Sea Erzerum a City of the Greater Armenia upon the Euphrates It is the Seat of a Beglerbeg and the most considerable place of Turcomania supposed to be the Theodosopolis of the ancients and otherwise called by Writers Aziris Arzirâ—â— Sinera Senebra c. Esaro Ezaro a River of Calabria Eschanâ—on Scando a River of Tourains Eschwege a Town in the Marquisate of Hassia in Germany upon
dammed up by Time the Lakes also to the West which were designed to receive the Waters in times of great Inundations are filled up by the Mud and Sand brought down by the River However that Branch that runs to Cufa never comes to any Sea but is lost in the Sands of Arabia and has turned the fruitful Plains of Babylon into a mere Morass or Bogg unpassable uninhabitable This is the sum of what Mr. Bochart has related more at large Both Pliny and Strabo agree that it yearly overflows as the Nile does and much about the same time which Inundation has the same effect as to the sertility of Mesopotamia that the overflowing of the Nile has upon Egypt M. Thevenot who crossed it at Bi r saith it is in Semur not bigger than the Seine at Paris though its Bed is twice as big The Waters of it run very slowly and are Navigable as far as to the place where it joins the Tigris Evisse See Ivica Evora Ebora is a very considerable City in Portugal in Alentejo a Province of that Kingdom beyond the Tagus Taio twenty Miles from Lisbon to the South-East Long. 09. 00. Lat. 38. 11. This was anciently a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Merida and afterward of Compostella But Pope Paul III. at the desire of John III. King of Portugal in 1540. raised it to the Honor of a Metropolis and Henry the first Archbishop who of a Cardinal became King of Portugal made it an University There is a Court of Inquisition kept here Evora Monte a small Place five Leagues from the former Evora to the North-East where the Portuguese gave the Spaniards a great overthrow in 1663. Eure Ebura Autura a River of France sometimes called Yeure It ariseth in la Perche in the Wood Logni and running Eastward through Beausse it watereth Chartres turning Northward Nogent le Roy Dreux Jury famous for the Victory of Henry IV. over the Leaguers in 1590. Passy Eureux at last it entereth the Seine at Ponte de P'arche ten Miles above Caudebec The rich and fruitful Valley D'Eure has its Name from this River and also Eureux in Normandy and from one of these three the Noble FAmily of d'Eureux lately Earls of Essex now Viscounts of Hereford take their Names § Eure a River in Berry See Aure. Eureux Ebroica Eburonicum Mediolanum Aulâ—rcorum a City in Vpper Normandy upon the River Iton which afterwards falls into the Eure and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rouen Beautified with a great number of Churches and Monasteries It is a place of good Antiquity and a delightful Situation heretofore subject to Counts of its own who ceded it to King Philip the August in the year 1200. Charles IX King of France erected it into a Dukedom in 1569. See Eure. Euripus called by the Ancient Latins Euripus Euboicus and Chalcidicus by the Italians Stretto di Negroponte by the Inhabitants now Egripos is a Canal of the Aegean Sea betwixt the Region of Boeotia in Achaia and the Island of Negropont so narrow in the narrowest passage as to be covered with a Draw-Bridge of five Arches And here the inconstancy of its Flux and Reflux appears the most visibly that is whereas for eighteen or nineteen days in every Moon Winter and Summer in all Weathers it regularly ebbs and flows twice in twenty four or twenty five hours with the Ocean and the Gulph of Venice it most irregularly ebbs and flows for other eleven days in every Moon 11 12 13 14. times in the same compass of twenty four or twenty five hours See Negroponte The Bridge is defended by a Castle built by the Venetians Europe Europa is the least but most celebrated of the four general parts of the World as to Arts Commerce Religion Government and War It was the Prediction of Noah the second Founder of Mankind that Japhet the Father of the Europeans should dwell in the Tents of Shem. And although the first Church and the two first General Monarchies fell to the share of Shem's Posterity yet the two last and the best and noblest state of the Church fell to the Japhets by which that ancient Oracle was fulfilled At this day whilst the Posterity of Shem the Asiaticks lie buried in Ignorance Slavery and Superstition the Posterity of Japhet is innobled the chiefest and the best Empires the best Religion Learning and Arts adorn the Tents or dwelling of Japhet whilst the Ships of Chittim afflict Eber and Asher not only to Trade but to Ride Sovereigns in their Seas and afflict them more by the Envy of their Wealth and Riches than by their Power and Martial Valor though they have felt that too Europe is bounded on the East by Asia on the North by the Frozen Sea on the West by the Atlantick and on the South by the Mediterranean The only difficulty is in stating the Eastern Bounds beginning therefore at the South where the Bounds are plainer it is agreed that the Archipelago the Black Sea or Euxine the Palus Moeotis or Eastern Bay of Crim Tartary called by the French la Mer de Zabacche the Tanais now the Don the Wolga the Rooswa the Tofda and the vast River of Obb are the truest Bounds on the Eastern side In those vast Countries of Tartary and Russia scarce at all known to the Ancients though the Tanais the Wolga as far as its Course is North and South and the Obb are the best and most visible Bounds yet there is a great distance between the Tanais and the Wolga and a much greater between the Wolga and the Obb but between the Rooswa and the Tofda very little but in this every Man must be left at liberty Europe is now divided into the Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland Bohemia Bulgaria Denmark France Germany Greece Holland or the Low Countries Hungary Italy Moscovy or Russia Poland Portugal Savoy Spain Sweden Switzerland Tartary the Turkish Empire the State of Venice and some few considerable Islands depending upon these In length from Cape S. Vincent in Spain to the Mouth of the River Obb one thousand three hundred English Miles or nine hundred German from Cape Matapan in the Morea to the North Cape in Finmark eight hundred and fifty or five hundred and fifty German Miles as Braudand reckons it lying between 34. and 72. deg of Lat. and betwixt 9. and 93. or 94. of Long. This Country is called by the Europeans Europe by the Turks Rumeli and Al-Franck and by the Georgians Franckistan Eurotas See Iris. § It is also the ancient Name of a River of Thessalia said by Homer Strabo and Pliny to glide upon the Top of the River Peneus to which it runs without mixing of Waters Eurymedon a River of Pamphylia in Asia Minor memorable for the Victory obtained by Simon the Son of Miltiades over the Persians upon the Banks of it An. Romae 284. Euston a small Town in the County of Suffolk upon the Banks of the little
of Thessalonica from the West thirteen German Miles from Thessalonica to the South Farima a City of Japan eighteen Spanish Leagues from Meaco to the West which is under the King of Japan now but had heretofore a Prince of its own Faringdon a Market-Town in Berkshire The Capital of its Hundred Farne an Island on the Coast of Northumberland in the German Ocean two Miles from Bamburg Castle where S. Cuthbert built him an Hermitage in which he took care to see nothing but Heaven as Bede saith Farneto a Castle in the Dukedom of Florence in Italy near Orvietto Whence the Family of the Farnese with a little Variation is believed to derive their Name Farnham a Market-Town in the County of Surrey The Capital of its Hundred Watered by the River Wey and graced with the Episcopal Seat of the Bishop's of VVinchester King Alfred made a great Slaughter of the Danes in a Victory over them here Faro Pharus a City of Spain in Algarva upon the Ocean between Cape S. Vincent to the West and the Mouth of the Guadiana to the East near the Cape of S. Mary seven Miles from Silves to the South-East Faro di Messina Fretum Mamertinum the Streight between Sicily and Italy Farsa Pharsalus a City of Thessalia where the fate of the Empire of the World was determined between Cesar and Pompey by Battel In some later Maps called Farsato Farsi Persia Farso a Town in Carmania over against the Eastern Cape of Cyprus 7 German Miles from the Mediterranean Sea in Asia the Less Fartach See Fertach Fasso Phasis a River in Mengrelia Fatigar a Kingdom in Africa which belonged formerly to the King of Ethiopia between the great Lake of Arpen to the East the Mountains of Felles to the North the Kingdom of Olabi to the West and that of Bara to the South between 60. and 70. and 10 North Latitude Favagnana Aegathos Aegusa Aethusa an Island on the West of Sicily near Cape Trepano under the King of Spain which has a Bay fit to receive the greatest Navies near to which Luctatius Catulus the Consul gave the Carthaginians their last blow at Sea Faudoas a Town and Castle in the Province of Gascoigne in France adorned with the Title of a Barony and giving its name to an honorable Family Fayal one of the Azores in the Atlantick Ocean under the Portuguese little but fruitful having a Town of the same name with others in it Feldkirck Feldkirkia a small but well peopled Town in the Province of Tirol in Germany upon the River Ill towards the Frontiers of Switzerland It is also written Widkirch and carries the honor to be an Earldom Felin or Welin Felinum a City of Livonia upon the River Felin in Esthonia 150 Miles North of Riga which has a strong Castle in it In this place William of Furstemburgh Master of the Teutonick Order was betrayed by his own Subjects to the King of Sweden in 1650. who has ever since possessed it Fella Carnicum Julium a Castle in Friuli but on the Confines of Carniola under the Venetians Felles a Ridge of Mountains in Africa extending from the North-East to the South-West on the North of Egypt See Fatigar Fello Phellos a City of Lycia East of the River Xanthus or Lycus and West of the Chelidonii Scopuli on the Shoars of Asia the Less Feltri Feltria a City in the Marchia Tarvisina under the Commonwealth of Venice upon the River Asona which soon after falls into the Piave forty two Italian Miles from Trent to the East This is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja and has been under the Venetians ever since 1404. Sometime written Feltre Femeren Femerae Fimeria a small Island in the Baltick Sea on the Shoars of Holstein and Wagria from which it is distant only four Miles made famous by a Naval Victory obtained by the Danes over the Swedes and Hollanders in 1645. Fenesia Psillis a River of Bithynia in the Lesser Asia Ferden Verda a City of the Lower Saxony called also Verden which is the Capital of a Duchy of the same name and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mentz by the institution of Charles the Great It stands upon the River Aller six Miles from Bremen to the East and twelve from Hamburgh to the South of old a Free Imperial City afterwards subject to its own Bishop but in the Treaty of Westphalia it was given to the Swedes who are still possessed of it the Bishop of this City imbraced the Augustane Confession in 1568. The Dukes of Lunenburgh seized it in 1676. but were forced to restore it in 1679. to the Swedes La Fere Fara a strong City upon the River Oyze in Picardy in the Tract of Tierache five Miles from S. Quintin to the South and 4 from Laon to the North it stands in a Morass and was retaken by Hen. IV. after the Spaniards had gained it from the French La Fere Champenoise a City of Champaigne in France between the Seyne to the South and the Marne to the North eight Miles from Chalons to the South § There is another called La Fere en Tardenois in this Province too in the middle between Melun to the West and Reimes to the East Ferentino or Fiorentino Ferentinum a City of Campagnia in Italy under the Pope which is a Bishops See under none but him It lies forty Italian Miles from Rome to the South and eight from the Confines of the Kingdom of Naples to the North a small place built on an Hill Ferento Ferentiae an antient City ruined of Hetruria in Italy near Viterbo and Montefiascone It had been an Episcopal See before those of Viterbo destroyed it upon an account of Heresie in 1074. Ferenzuola or Fierenzuola an Episcopal City in the Capitanata in the Kingdom of Naples Adorned with a famous Abbey and made remarkable in antient History by the Victory of Sylla over M. Carbo here in the year of Rome 672. Fermanagh Fermanagensis Comitatus a County of Vlster in Ireland in which lies Earne the greatest Lake in that Kingdom There is never a City or Town of note in this County and therefore it need be no further considered Fermo See Firmiana Fernes Fernae a City in the County of Wexford in Ireland with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Cashel now but formerly of Dublin Feroe Islands See Foeroe Ferrandina a Town in the Kingdom of Naples in the Basilicate upon the River Basiento 18 Miles from the Sea to the West and 12 from Matera to the South-West built by Ferdinando Duke of Calabria Son of Alphonsus II. King of Naples and since honored with the Title of a Dukedom Ferrara Ferraria a City of Italy under the Dominion of the Pope and the Capital of the Dukedom of Ferrara which under the Family of Este was so improved and augmented that it became one of the best Cities of all Italy made a Bishops See by Pope Vitaliano 30 Miles from Bologna It was so small
in the time of Theodosius junior that it was called Ferrariola the little Ferrara It stands on the smallest branch of the Po Po Morto from which there is a cut of six Miles as far as Francolino Westward for promoting of Trade but since 1598 when it came into the Popes hands this City has been decaying which the Castle built by Clement VIII has not been able to prevent though that Pope placed there his Image with this inscription Ne recedente Pado Ferrariae Fortitudo recederet Martem Neptuno substituit that is Least the recess of the Po should weaken Ferrara he has brought Mars to supply the want of Neptune His Holiness was however mistaken as the event has shewn for Neptune and Mercury tending equally to the wealth and welfare of a City are much more auspicious Patrons than Mars There was a League made here against the Protestants in 1586. The Council of Florence was begun here in 1438 after a declaration of the dissolution of that of Basil made by P. Eugenius IV. John Paleologus VII Emperour of Constantinople with his Patriarch being personally present An University was settled by Frederick I. in aversion to Bononia about 1316. The Dukedom of Ferrara is a part of Romandiola bounded by the Peninsula of Rodighnia which formerly belonged to this Dukedom but was taken from it by the Venetians in 1500. on the West by the Dukedom of Mantona on the South by Romandiola properly so called and on the East by the Adriatick Sea It was under the Family de Este from 1336. to 1598. when upon the death of Alphonsus II. without Heirs Males it was seized by Pope Clement VIII as Lord of the Fee against the pretensions of that Branch de Este which are now Dukes of Mantoua a Dukedom then a dependent on this of Ferrara The Tract adjacent called Ferrarese assumes its name from it Ferreri or the Island of Iron is the most Western of all the Canary Islands and more particularly mentioned by Writers for a tree supplying the Inhabitants with water whereof there is none elsewhere in all the Island by a distillation from its branches Pet. Martyr le Blanc Thevet c. Ferrete See Pfirt Ferriers Ferraria a small Town in the Territory de Gastinois towards the Confines of Senois two Leagues from Montargis to the North and twenty three from Paris to the South which has a very famous Monastery in it Ferro Calycadnus a River in Cilicia Fertach Syagros Sapphar Fartachium a City and Kingdom on the South of Arabia Foelix which lies about eighty German Miles from Aden to the South in almost Long. 85. Lat. 15. 24. a hundred and thirty Miles from the entrance of the Red Sea to the South La Ferte-Aleps or Alais a Town in the Isle of France three Leagues from Estampes to the East and eight from Paris to the South As this word La Ferté signifies a Fort or place of Strength so it frequently occurreth in the Maps of France La Ferte sur Aube Firmitas ad Albulam a Town in Champagne four Miles from Bar to the South and twenty from Dijon to the North. La Ferte-Bernard Firmitas Bernardi a Town in the Province of Maine in France upon the River Huisne ten or twelve Leagues below Mans. It bears the Title of a Barony La Ferte-Gaucher a small Town in the Province of Brie in France betwixt Meaux Sezane and Provins La Ferte sur Grosne a Town in Burgundy two Leagues from Challon to the South La Ferte-sous-Iovare Firmitas Auculphi or Subter Jotrum a Town in la Brie Campanoise in France upon the River Marne betwixt Chateau-Thierry and Meaux The Huguenots took it in the Civil Wars of the last Age. La Ferte-Milon Firmitas Milonis a Town in the Government of the Isle of France upon the River Ourc or Oureque betwixt Meaux Soissons and Senlis in the Dutchy of Valois It is a good large Town and suffered very much in the last Age's Civil Wars Fervaques Aquae fervidae a small Town of Bathes of warm water in Lieuvin in Normandy two miles and an half from Lisieux to the South and three from Roan to the South-West it is a very small place Ferventia Fons Agri Carrinensis a Bath in Portugal in a Village called Cadima two Miles from the Ocean and the same distance from Coimbra to the West this Fountain is mentioned by Pliny Fescennia an antient Town of Hetruria in Italy the same with the Citta Castellana says Ortelius with Galeso says Cluverius of the Moderns Noted to a Proverb amongst the old Romans for a sort of jesting wanton Poetry Feschamp a Town in Normandy on the British Sea four Miles from Le Haure and the mouth of the Seyne to the North. Fessole or Fiezzole Fesulae an antient City in the Dukedom of Florence in Italy one of the twelve considerable Cities heretofore of Hetruria being the residence of the Thuscan Augurs and afterwards a Bishops See There is a Treatise written by Francis Diaceti sometimes Bishop here of the Saints of this City Fetu or Foetu a small Kingdom in Africa in Guiney with a City called also Foetu upon the Coast dell ' Or towards Cape Corso Feversham a Market Town in the County of Kent in Scray Lath with a good Port for small Vessels King Stephen with his Queen and Eustace his son were all buried here in an Abbey of that King's foundation The right Honorable Lewis de Duras enjoys the Title of Earl of this place Feurs Forum Segusianum a Town in the upper Foretz in Lionnois in France five Leagues from Lion to the West and six from Rohanne to the North upon the Loire Fez one of the greatest Cities in Africa but now declining It is the Capital of a Kingdom of the same name in the West of Barbary said to have been built by the Moors in 786. It is divided into three parts Beleida a part of Old Fez which contains four thousand Families Old Fez properly so called in which are eight hundred Families and New Fez which has about eight thousand Families Old Fez the most Western lies upon Hills and Valleys intermixed and has fifty Mosques very beautiful besides six hundred small ones The New Fez lies in a most pleasant Plain with a double Wall very high and strong and stands near the River Vnion above a Mile from Old Fez. The learned Ortelius tells us Fez in the Arabick Tongue signifies Gold that the City Fez is built in the middle of the Kingdom and the greatest part of it upon Mountains and Hills so that there is no Plain but in the middle that the River entereth into the City by two ways only and then diffuseth it self into innumerable Branches and Channels so that there is scarce a private House that has not a Branch of the River belonging to it and that the rest of the water passing through the Common Sewers do cleanse the City The greatest part of the Houses are built of Stone
Proprietors thereof to be put to death Finichia one of the present Names of Cilicia a Province of the Lesser Asia next Syria Finkeley a Village in the Bishoprick of Durham in Chester Ward mentioned in the Councils by the name of Finchala and Fincenhala there having been a Council held at it in the year 798. by Eanbald Archbishop of York Finland Finlandia Fenni Finnia Fionnonia is a very spatious Country heretofore a distinct Kingdom but now subject to the Crown of Sweden and distinguished with the Title of a Dukedom belonging to the King of Sweden's sons Bounded on the North by Desarts or unknown Countries from which it is separated by the Lake and River Vla Tresk on the West it has the Botner Sea a Branch of the Baltick on the South the Bay of Finland another Branch of it and on the East the Dominions of the Great Duke of Muscovy It contains several very great Provinces as Ciania Tavasthia Nylandia Carelia Savolaxia and Finland properly so called which is the most Southern and most noble Aboa a Town upon the River Aurojoki over against the Isle of Aland is the Capital of this Kingdom and the Seat of the Swedish Viceroy This Kingdom was first conquered to the Crown of Sweden in 1384 by Erick one of their Kings In 1571 the Muscovites intending a Conquest fell into it with a Savageness and Cruelty hard to be expressed or believed but were recalled by an Irruption of the Tartars upon their own Countries It is called by the Inhabitants and Swedes Finner by the Danes Finder by the Germans Fennen by the Dutch Finlander Cluverius saith it is a considerable part of the Kingdom of Sweden and that it is fruitful and affords excellent Pasturage Finmark Finmarchia called by the Inhabitants Taakemarch and Finmark is a Province of the Kingdom of Norway on the Western Ocean The Southern part of it is subject to the Danes the Northern to the Swedes This Country is barren rocky covered with dreadful Woods full of Bears and Wolves and other ravenous Beasts the Inhabitants till of late lived in Summer like the Nomades wandring from place to place as the convenience of Water and Pasture invited them The Princes under whom they now are to reduce them from this vagrant way of living granted the Lands to the first Occupant by which means some parts are improved but the more barren can be used no other way and therefore are left still in common The Inhabitants are a mongrel sort of Christians extreamly ignorant and barbarous infamous for Witchcraft revengeful beyond belief and as rugged as the Country they inhabit Fionda a small Village on the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea in the Lesser Asia in the Confines of Lycia and Pamphylia which in the Roman times was called Phaselis and before Pityussa it lies East of the Chelidonian Rocks and West of Mount Masicytus two hundred and twenty English Miles from the most Western Cape of Cyprus A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Myra now Stramita but so very small that little notice is taken of it in the â—â—ter Maps Fionia See Fuynen Fionissi Lyssus a Town in Creet Candia on the Western Shoar near the most Southern Cape of that Island Fiore Ossa a River of Italy in the Dominions of the Great Duke of Florence which falls into the Mediterranean Sea at Telemont a small Sea-Port belonging to Sienna Fiorenza See Florence Firando a City and Kingdom of Japan in that part which is called Ximo to which there belongs an Island of the same Name on the Western Shoar also Firi Maxera Mazeras a River of Hyrcania which falls into the Hyrcanian Sea Firmiana Firmanorum Castrum a small Castle on the Adriatick Sea in the Marca Anconitana near the Mouth of the River Tinna now commonly called Fermo thirty Italian Miles from Ancona to the South and an Archbishops See Fischio Phusca a Maritim City of Caria in the Lesâ—er Asia over against the Isle of Rhodes about eighty four English Miles from Ephesus to the South In the later Maps it is placed much more to the East than the Isle of Rhodes Fishgard a Market Town in Pembrokeshire in the Principality of Wales and the Hundred of Kemeys Fismes Fimae ad fines a Town in the Province of Champaigne in France upon the River Vesle Two Councils have been assembled at it in the years 881 and 935 which write it Finibus apud Sanctam Macram from a Stone 't is supposed that serves as a Boundary hard by to the Bishopricks of Rheims Laon and Soissons Flagania See Paphlagonia Flaiz Flaicus an Isle of France belonging to Santoigne Flamborough-head a noted Promontory in the East Riding of Yorkshire two Miles from Burlington Bay so called from the small Town Flamborough standing in it Flanders Flandria by the Natives call'd Vlaenderen is the greatest and noblest of those Seventeen Provinces called the Low Countries Bounded on the East with Hainault and Brabant on the West with the British Ocean on the North with the Seas of Zealand and on the South in part by Artois and in part by Hainault and Picardy of which Artois was at first a part and after five or six descents reunited again to it This Province saith Ortelius is most excellent Pasture especially towards the West It affords excellent Kine and warlike Horses and abounds in Butter Cheese and excellent Wheat The People are much given to Merchandize and Cloathing their Linnen having plenty of Flax and Hemp exceeds all other Countries and as to Woollen they having the Wooll from Spain and England improve it by their industry to a wonder and then supply all the World with the Product But in this the zeal of Philip II. King of Spain has altered the state of things in a great degree This Province has twenty eight walled Towns or Cities a thousand one hundred and fifty Villages besides Forts Castles and Noble Mens Houses and a great number of Abbeys Priories Colleges and Monasteries It has five Viscounties three Principalities four Ports and thirty one Chatellanies The principal of which in Ortelius his time was Gaunt This great Province was divided into three Parts 1. Flanders Flammengant bounded on the East by the Imperial Flanders and the Scheld on the West by the British Seas on the North by the Seas of Zealand and on the South with Artois and Flanders Gallicant the principal City of which was Gaunt 2. Imperial Flanders so called because it was a Fee of the Empire divided from Brabant on the East by the River Dender and from the Gallick Flanders on the West by the Scheld on the North it has the River Dender and on the South Hainault the principal Town of this is Alost whence it is now commonly called the County of Alost 3. Flanders Gallicant so called because the French Tongue was heretofore most spoken in it This has Hainault on the East Artois on the South the British Sea on the West and Flanders Flammigant on the North
Coast of Provence in the Mediterranean Sea Formipt Gedrosia a Province on the East of the Kingdom of Persia now by others called Send which is bounded on the East by India on the South by the Ocean on the West by Macran and on the North by the Desart of Segista Formosa an Island by the Spaniards so named from the beauty and fertility of its soil in the Oriental Ocean twenty four Leagues from China towards the Coasts of the Provinces of Fochien and Quantung Inhabited by about 25000 Chinese who govern themselves in the manner of a Republick without acknowledging of any King or Sovereign The Hollanders expell'd the Portuguese hence in 1635 and the Chinese them in 1661. It is a hundred and thirty Leagues in circuit a hundred and fifty distant from Japan and subject to Earthquakes Called otherwise Lequeio Talieukieâ— and Paccande It s principal Town is Theovan or Tayoan at which the Hollanders built a Fort with the name of Zeland There is a Golden Mine found in this Island Le Fornaci one of the Mouths of the River Po in the Dukedom of Ferrara about six Miles from the other Mouth by this the Po di Ariano dischargeth it self into the Adriatick Sea it serves also as a Boundary between the Pope and the Venetians and iâ— more commonly called il Porto di Goro Fornoue a small Town in the Parmesan in Italy remembred by the Battel of Charles VIII King of France in his return from the Conquest of Naples at which with nine thousand men only he got the Victory over an Army of forty thousand of the Confederates July 6. 1495. Forstler a City in Hassia See Frislar Fort de Alinges a Fort in Savoy upon the River Drance two Leagues from the Lake Lemane which is now forsaken and ruined Forta-ventura one of the Azores West of Canaria About seventy Leagues in Circuit but in the middle not above four over There is a Town in it of the same Name Forth See Fryth Fort-Louis a Cittadel in the Island of Cayenne in the South America at the Mouth of the River Cayenne Built by the French in 1643. Taken by the Hollanders in 1675. and retaken by the French the year after Fortoro Tifernus a River of Abruzzo it ariseth out of the Apennine in the County of Molise in the Kingdom of Naples near the City of Boiano and flowing to the North-West watereth Lucito Guardia Alferes and Iscano and falls into the Adriatick Sea between Tremole and Trino over against the Isle di Tremiti This River is more usually called Biferno Fossa Cremera a River of Italy much mentioned in all the ancient Historians for the ruine of the Faâ—iâ— a great Roman Family it springeth out of the Lake of Bacano in S. Peter's Patrimony and running Eastward falls into the Tibur six Miles above Rome Fossano Fossanum a City of Piedmont upon the River Stâ—ra which falls into the Po it lies between Saluces to the North and Mondovi to the South fifteen Miles from Alba to the West built in 1236. and now a Bishops See founded by Pope Gregory XIII under the Archbishop of Turin Fossat Memphis the first Name of Grand Cairo and a small part of it Fossato Fossatum a Field in Romandiola near Ravenna Theodoricus King of the Ostrogoths in Italy who was honoured by Zeno the Emperour with a Statue and a Triumph in 484 had leave from the Emperour to enter a War with Odoacer then reigning in Italy and accordingly beat him in this place about 491. § Fossato a Town in the States of the Church in the Marchia Anconitana on the Apennine Hills near the Confines of the Dukedom of Vrbine twelve Miles from Eugubio to the West Fosse-Werd a Territory in West-Friesland Fossigny or Foucigni Fociniacus Tractus a Province in the Dukedom of Savoy at the foot of the Alpes which is a part of the Dukedom of Geneva between le Vallâ—ys to the East and the State of Geneva to the West Heretofore a dependent of the Dauphinate but now subject to the Duke of Savoy There are in it thirteen Mandements or Districts and the chief Town is Bonville The Title of a Barony is annexed to it Fossombruno Fossombrone Forum Sempronii a City in the Dukedom of Vrbino in the State of the Church which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vrbino it stands near the River Metro Metaurus which falls into the Adriatick Sea four Miles from Senogalla about half a Mile from the place where the old City stood and is ten Miles from Vrbino to the East It was sold to the Duke of Vrbino by Galeatius Malatesta the Lord of it for thirteen thousand Florins of Gold in the time of Pope Sixtus VI. Fossone Fossae one of the Mouths of the River Po. Fotheringhay-Castle a Town and ancient Castle in the County of Northampton in the Hundred of Willibrook pleasantly surrounded with the Meadows on all sides Mary Queen of Scots was beheaded here Foulsham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Eynesford Fougeres Fugeria Fulgerium a City in Bretagne in France upon the River Coesnon towards the Borders of Normandy eight Miles from Auranches Abrincae to the South and as many from Dole Heretofore a Place of considerable Strength but now neglected It was seized by the English in time of Truce in 1448. in the Reign of Henry VI. Fowey a Market Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Powder returning two Burgesses to the Parliament Fraemont commonly called Pilate's Mount is a Mountain in Switzerland near Lucerne having a Spring at the Top of it Fraga Fragues Flavia Gallicâ— a strong Town in the Kingdom of Arragon upon the River Cinca or Cinga which falls into the Segne and with it into the Ebro in the Borders of Catalonia it stands three Leagues from Ilerda to the South-West Near this place Alphonsus VII King of Arragon was overthrown and slain by the Moors in 1134. Fraires Fratres Nesides two small Islands on the Coast of Bretagne called the Brothers or les Isles de Vannes they lie between the Mouth of the Loire and the Calonesus or Bell-Isle on the Southern Coast of that Province Framlingham a small Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Looes upon a Clay-hill near the head of the River Ore called by others Winchel where was anciently a strong large Castle of Saxon Work belonging to the Bigotâ—s by the bounty of Henry I. in which Robert Earl of Leicester took his quarters in the Rebellion against King Henry II. To this Castle in 1553. Queen Mary retreated and by the assistance of the Protestant Gentry of that County recovered the Crown of England Frampton a Market Town in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Goâ—berton upon a River which affords plenty of good Fish Franc Pagus Francus is a Jurisdiction extending seven Leagues about Bruges which exerciseth is Authority without the Walls and the fourth Member of the Earldom of Flanders Gant Bruges and
or rather the most Northern Branch of the River Niger which falls into the Atlantick Ocean on the North of Cape Verde and in its passage gives name to the Kingdom of Gambay on its Southern Bank not far from its first Division from the River Niger to the East of the Kingdom of Jalost Gamelara Aethusa an Island of Africa Gammacorura a flaming Mountain in the Island of Ternate amongst the Moluccaes In the year 1673. it suffered a violent Rupture out of which it vomited vast quantities of Smoak and Ashes Ganabara Januarius a vast River in Brasil so called by the Natives it falls into the Atlantick Ocean near St. Sebastian where it makes a good Harbor Gand or Gant Gandavum Clarinea called by the Inhabitants Ghent by the French Gand by the Germans Gent by the Spaniards Gante is the Capital of the Earldom of Flanders upon the River Schelde which there takes in the Lyse and Lieue made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mechlin by Pope Paul IV. in 1559. in the Reign of Philip 2. King of Spain This is a vast strong City and was once as rich and populous as unquiet and seditious as any in the Low Countries Erasmus saith of it in his time that he did not think there was any one City in Christendom that could be compared to this for Greatness Power Government and the ingenuity of the Inhabitants But the Wars and other Calamities which have ever since lain heavy upon this Country have exhausted both its Wealth and Inhabitants and brought this City particularly into a very languishing condition The Strength and Situation of it have hitherto supported it It has a Castle built by Charles V. in 1539 who was born here in 1500 and converted an old Abbey which it had into a Cathedral Church And when he built the said Castle spared not to put to death about thirty of the principal Burghers proscribe others confiscate all the publick Buildings take away their Artillery Arms and Privileges and condemn them in a Fine of twelve hundred thousand Crowns for offering to put themselves under the Protection of Francis I. King of France by a Revolt that year of which Francis generously rejecting their Plot had as generously advertised him In the Reign of Philip II. being injuriously treated by the Spaniards this City was one of the first that expelled the Roman Rites in 1578 and admitted the Prince of Orange in 1579. and having cast out the Garrison of Spanish Soldiers levelled the Citadel and fortified the City though then three German Miles in compass It maintained its Liberty till in 1585. seeing the Prince of Orange murthered and no hopes of succor from the Dutch it submitted to the Prince of Parma who rebuilt the Citadel but the Inhabitants being wasted the French took it in 1678 in six days and after restored it to the Spaniards who are now in possession of it This City stands at the equal distance of four Leagues from Antiverp Brussels and Mechlin The learned Hostius Sanderus and Jodocus Badius were Natives of it It s ancient Inhabitants are mentioned by Caesar under the name of Gorduni There are a great many Religious Houses adorning it and seven Parishes besides the Cathedral There is also a strong Castle called the Sas van Ghent or Castle of Gant four Miles from hence to the North built by the Spaniards and taken by the Hollanders in 1644. is still in their Possession Gandia a small Town in the Kingdom of Valentia upon the Coast of the Mediterranean Sea upon the Bay of Valentia eight Leagues from Xativa Setabis to the East It is honoured with the Title of a Dukedom which belongs to the ancient Family of Borgia and has also a College which bears the name of an University of the Foundation of Francis Borgia a General of the Jesuits who was lately Canonized and born here and was Duke of it Gangara A Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa situated between the Lake and Kingdom of Borno the Kingdom of Cassena and the River Niger Rich in Gold and commanded by a King who is absolute The Capital City bears its own name Gangarides an ancient People whose Name Curtius mentions towards the Mouth of the Ganges It is conjectured they might have their Dwelling in the Country we now call the Kingdom of Bengale Ganges the greatest River in the East-India which divides that Continent into two parts called Ganga by the Inhabitants and the Gange by the Europeans it ariseth from Mount Imaus Dalanguer in the Confines of the Great Tartary in the Province of Kakeres and running Southward through the Empire of the Great Mogul it watereth Sirinar Holobassa and Gouro and is augmented by the Streams of Perselus Sersily and Tziotza and many other Rivers in the Mogui's Kingdom In the Kingdom of Bengala it is divided into many Branches and dischargeth it self by five Outlets into the Bay of Bengala giving its name to a Kingdom in its Passage It is full of Islands covered with lovely Indian Trees which afford Travellers great delight The Water is esteemed Sacred by the Inhabitants the Great Mogul will drink no other because it is lighter than that of any other River the Europeans boil it before they drink it to avoid those Fluxes which otherwise it enclines them to This River receiveth from the North-East and West an innumerable number of Brooks and dischargeth it self into the Gulph of Bengala at the height of 23 deg or thereabouts Said by Pliny to be two Miles where it is narrowest and five where it is broadest having Spangles of Gold and precious Stones mixed with its Sands yet not therefore the Phison of Genesis as some mistake because it springs at the distance of twelve hundred Leagues from the Euphrates Gangra an Archiepiscopal City in Paphlagonia in the Lesser Asia in the inland Parts now called Cangria Castomoni and by the Turks Kiengara In this City was a famous Synod of sixteen Bishops celebrated in 324 against Eustathius the Monk for his condemning the Marriage-State Dioscorus the Eutychian was banished to this City by Martian the Emperor in 451. after he had been condemned by the Council of Chalcedon and likewise Timotheus Aelurus a Monk of that Faction in 457. by the Emperor Leo this Monk having been chosen Patriarch of Alexandria Stephanus saith there is another City of the same name in Arabia Foelix Ganhay a Town of War by the Chinese therefore called a Fort in the Province of Fochien in China to the South-East It is magnificently built a Town of great Trade full of People and particularly remarked for a stately Stone Bridge 250 paces long Gani the Mine or Quarry of Diamonds near Coulour in Malabar See Coulour Ganking a great and populous City in the Province of Nanking in China with a Territory belonging to and denominated from it having Jurisdiction over five other old Cities It is the Seat and Government of a Viceroy distinct from the Viceroy of the Province being the more
East of it Genichisar Hermaeum a Cape in Thrace five Miles from Constantinople to the South-East called by the Christians Neo Castro New-Castle Genoua Genua a very ancient and great City in the North of Italy upon the Tyrrhenian Sea it lies in the Form of a Theatre upon the ascent of an Hill opening its Bosom to the Sea five or six Miles in compass so full of stately and regular Buildings Palaces Churches Monasteries c. that its proverbial Epithet in Italy is Genoua la superba and so very ancient that its Original is unknown History makes mention of it above 1800 years ago It is certain it was destroyed by Mago one of Hannibal's Commanders when by the Alpes he entered Italy in the year of Rome 534. about two hundred and sixteen years before the Birth of our Saviour Cornelius Servilius one of the Roman Consuls ordered the rebuilding it sixteen years after its Desolation This City in the end of the first Punick War had greatly shaken Rome it self as Livy relates about the year of Rome 515. But being then subdued and obliged she continued ever after very faithful In the fall of the Roman Empire she had the same fate with her Neighbours and fell under the Herules Goths and Lombards or the Greek Exarches of Ravenna as they prevailed one upon the other In 806. Charles the Great having Conquered the Lombards made Ademar his Kinsman Count of Genoua who got Corfica from the Saracens and united it to this City which has enjoyed that Island ever since In 935 the Saracens took and burnt this City and carried all her People into Captivity but the Duke of Venice brought them back and rebuilt it though others say the Genoese Fleet met these Infidels in their going home and recovered all again after a sharp fight After this they became in a short time by Navigations Commerce and Wars more famous than ever Being grown Wealthy in 1133. Pope Innocent II. made this City an Archbishop's See They deserved this Favour of the Pope by the great Services they by their Fleets performed against the Saracens in the Holy War which began in the year 1096. for which in 1101. they obtained of Baldwin III. part of the Sea-Towns that should be taken in Palestine In the Year 1204. when the Western Christians took Constantinople from the Eastern Emperors the Genouese had a great hand in it Pera was assigned them for that Service a place near Constantinople they were then Masters of Lesbos and Chio and several Islands ' in those Seas and Caffa in the Black Sea in Crim Tartary But aiming to gain Creet too from the Venetians in 1207. there arose a War between the two States which joined with the Genoueses intestine Divisions at last ruined the Greatness of this in 1255. they reduced the Venetians to great streights having taken Chioggia an Island near the City but lost all by demanding more than could be granted In 1260. the Venetians gained another great Victory over them taking twenty four Gallies In 1291. the Venetians took from them Pera and Caffa In 1293. the Tide of Fortune turned the Venetians lost all their Fleet to the Genoueses and another of seventy Ships in 1298. In 1314. the Genouese were beaten by the Venetians and in 1353. reduced to such Streights that they were forced to put themselves under the Protection of the Duke of Milan after which though they recover'd to an Ability of Contesting with the Venetians and beat them in 1401 yet the Turks and their own Divisions at last reduced them to so low an Ebb that they were not able to set out a Fleet. Between the Years 1174. and 1339. they had four dreadful Civil Wars or Broils in the City which contributed very much to their ruin In 1452. Sfortia Duke of Milan possess'd himself of this City In 1563. they were cited to answer for the Expulsion or Banishment of the Marquess of Final by Ferdinando I. Emperor of Germany Selim the Grand Signior Emperor of the Turks beat their Republick out of the Isle of Chios in the year 1571. Besides all these Mutations the French pretend that in 1396. this Republick made over by a formal Grant to Charles VI. of France all the Sovereign Lordship of it and the States depending which was executed and confirmed again to Charles VII in 1458. and from this last Date the French had the Sovereignty of the City till 1528. when Andreas Doria upon the Advantage of the Imprisonment of Francis I. taken by the Forces of Charles V. at the Battle of Pavia restored his Country to its former Liberty Since which this State has had a very great Dependence on the Crown of Spain by reason of his States in Italy at all times preferring the Interests of that Kingdom before all others This so far exasperated Lewis XIV the now French King that in 1674. he sent a Fleet and Bomb'd Genoua in which Action the Ducal Palace was burnt and many other of the noblest in the City and an incredible mischeif done In the end he forced them to send their Duke and four Senators to his Court to make their humble Submissions to him Not that they parted with their Liberty for they are still a Free State nor that they had done him any Injury which they were to acknowledge but either because their Ancestors had revolted above an hundred years agone or because his most Christian Majesty would have it so § The State of Genoua is a Part of Italy anciently call'd Liguria lying upon the Tyrrhenian Sea which bounds it upon the South and West on the East it has the Dukedom of Florence and on the North the Dukedoms of Parma in part and Montisferat in part its length from East to West is one hundred and forty Miles its breadth nevertheless very little Yet that part of it which lies next the Sea is wonderfully fruitful by Nature and made much more so by the Industry of the Inhabitants and has so many Villages and fine Buildings especially towards Genoua that it may seem to be one continued City It is governed as a Common-Wealth under a Duke to continue but two Years and two Senates or Councils This Republick has under it Corsica and Capraia two Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and anciently many other We shall only add to this the Italian Censure upon Genoua Huomini senza Fide Mare senza Pesce Monte senza Legno è Donne senza Vergogna There are Men without Honesty a Sea without Fish Mountains without Wood and Women without Shame Nevertheless this State and City have given three or four Popes to the See of Rome and produced great Persons for all things Their Academy settled at Genoua takes the Title of gli Adormentati Genâ—â—i Melas â— River of the Lesser Armenia which riseth from the Mountains of Argaeus and running Eastward falls into the Euphrates when it has passed the whole Province of Armenia Minor Gentilly a Village within one League of
Paris upon the River Bievre mentioned in Ecclesiastical History for a large Council assembled at it in 767. in the Reign of King Pepin and in the Presence of the Embassadors of the Emperor Compronimus from the East touching the Procession of the Holy Spirit and the Vse of Images Genubath See Guinea Georgeto Morgontiacum a Town of the Further Calabria Georgia a great Country in Asia call'd by the Inhabitants Gurgistan between the Caspian Sea to the East and the Euxine to the West bounded on the North by Circassia Comania and the Dominions of the Duke of Muscovy and on the South by Schirvan a Province of the Kingdom of Persia Containing under this Name a Part of Armenia the Greater and Armenia the Lesser This Kingdom was heretofore much greater than now and had Monarchs for its Sovereigns whose Royal Seat was the City of Cotatis but lying between the Turks and the Persians two powerful Neighbours both of them have diminished the Extent of it Thus the Turks dispossess'd the Georgian Kings of Erzerum a City of Armenia the Persians of some others and besides the Kings of it having divided it into several small Principalities it is become much less able than otherwise it would have been to defend it self against those potent Princes that surround it The Eastern Parts of it are accordingly Tributary to the King of Persia the Northern to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the Western to the Turk The Parts of this Kingdom are Mengrelia Guriel and Imireta to the West where the ancient Colchis was To the North Abaca Carthuel now a Province of Persia and Gagheti Gaguesa to the East formerly called Iberia and Samsche Samesa to the South towards Armenia The principal Cities are Cotatis and Teflis The Georgians are Christians by Profession but by Practice the worst in the World especially the Princes and great Men who will sell their Subjects for Slaves to the Turks and Persians or exchange them for Merchandize Their Faith is very tolerable they are of the Greek Church and till of late never heard of the Church of Rome In 1624. Pope Vrban VIII sent a Mission of the Theatines thither Georgia more properly so called borders to the East upon Circassia and Muscovy to the West upon Armenia the Less to the South upon Armenia the Greater to the North upon the Euxine Sea and that Part of Colchis called Imireta which I believe saith Sir J. Chardin to be all that Country which the Ancients call Iberia It is a Country very full of Woods and very Mountainous which yet has in it a great Number of Pleasant Plains only the middle of Georgia is more even and level than the rest The River Kur Cyrus runs through the middle of it This Country is very fruitful in Corn Herbs and Fruits and produces a vast quantity of excellent Wines but their most Staple Commodity is Silk of which they have a great quantity but not half what is reported The Air is very dry cold in the Winter and hot in the Summer Gerania an ancient City of Maesia Superior now Bulgaria towards Thrace and the Mountain Haemus Gerawer Geravia a Territory in the Upper Circle of the Rhine towards the Confluence of the Mayne and Rhine between the County of Erpach on the East Mentz on the North and South the Palatinate of the Rhine on the West The principal Places are Geraw and Darmstad from which latter this is sometimes by Foreigners called the Landâ—graâ—iat de Darmstad The Town of Geraw which gives this Territory its other Name lies not above two German Miles from the Rhine and Oppenheim to the East upon the River Noir Gerberoy a Town in the Isle of France towards the Borders of Picardy in the Territory of Beauvoisis four or five Leagues from Beauvais at which the English and French fought a Battle in 1434. Gerbes See Zerbi Gergenti Agrigentum an ancient and once a most potent and magnificent City of Sicily mentioned in the Old Greek and Latin Historians very frequently Built by the Inhabitants of Gela six hundred years before the Birth of our Saviour as Thucydides affirms Lib. 6. and called by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Latins Agragas and Acrogas as well as Agrigentum It became in time so great as to have ten Miles in Compass and to contain two hundred thousand Inhabitants and others say so many more as is incredible if not impossible See Laer. Lib. 8. When this City had not stood above forty years it fell into the Hands of Phalaris a Cretian in the 41. Olympiad about the year of Rome 183. who being banished his Country of a private Man became Lord of Sicily and one of the most noted of all the ancient Tyrants enjoying this Power sixteen Years in which time Perillus invented and first experimented the Brazen Bull. After this the Carthaginians became Masters of it and after them the Romans It was not less celebrated upon the Account of Empedocles the famous Pythagorean Philosopher who lived in the 44. Olympiad and was born here 160 years after the Foundation of this City Cicero speaks of a Temple and a Statue of Hercules that this City shew amongst the finest pieces of Antiquity The Horses bred here were of great repute in Greece much used in their Games on which occasion it is mentioned by Virgil Aen. 3. It is now called by the Inhabitants Gergenti by the Spaniards Girgenti and is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Palerno now formerly of Syracusa Seated between the Rivers of Arraga and Naro upon an Hill almost in the middle of the Southern Shoar of that Island in Long. 37. 38. Lat. 36. 10. The Saracens of Sicily were a Plague to it in their times Gerizim or Gerizzim a Mountain of Palestine near Samaria over against Mount Ebal on the other side Jordan from whence the Decalogue by Joshua's Order was promulgated and the Israelites blessed by Simeon Levi c. Deut. 27. 12. and 11. 29. 30. The Wells of Jacob at which our Saviour discoursed the Samaritan Woman sprang by its Foot This is the famous Mountain whereon Manasses expelled Jerusalem for marrying the Governour of Samaria's Daughter a Stranger built a Temple in Opposition to Solomon's which began the Schisin betwixt the Jews and the Samaritans Hyrcanus Nephew of Judas Maccabeus demolished it two hundred Years after yet the Samaritans nevertheless continued the Courses of their Prayers and Sacrifices here even to the Time of the Emperor Justinian Zeno the Emperor built upon this Mountain a Christian Church Justinian repaired the same and erected also a Fortress here to the Insolencies of the Samaritans of whom Vespasian killed in his time eleven thousand that had retired hither in the Wars of the Jews Germany Germania one of the greatest Countries in Europe and the Mother of those Nations which in the fall of the Roman Empire conquered all the rest At present bounded on the North by the Baltick Sea and Jutland on
a small but very strong City the Capital of a County in the Lower Hungary and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Gran. It stands five Miles from Comorra to the West where the Raab and the Rabnitz fall into the Danube This City is called Gewer by the Hungarians Fortified by Ferdinand King of Hungary in 1550. Taken by the Turks in 1591. after a long Siege Retaken by Surprize in the Night by Count Swartzenburg and Count Palfi in 1606. This was at the Beginning of this present War the most Southern Town the Emperor had in the Lower Hungary Gex a Territory and Bailiwick belonging to the Duke of Savoy hertofore untill yielded to the King of France by the Treaty of Lyons in 1602. It is often Comprehended in the Province of Bugey in France having Bugey on the West the County of Burgundy on the North the Teritory of Waad in Bearn on the East and Savoy on the South from which last the Rhone and in part the Lake of Geneva seperates it The Capital Town bears its own Name Geyl Julia a River of Germany which as Mercator saith flows through the Vpper Carinthia and falls into the Drave a little below Villach Gezaira that Province in the Kingdom of Algier in Barbary in which Algier stands which City too is by the Arabians called Gezaira Gezan Zaaram a City in Arabia the Happy in the Province of Hagias upon the North Side of the River Laakic which passing by Medina there falls into the Red Sea This City is also called Algiar Long. 69. 00. Lat. 26. 00. Gezira or Gesirat Zegira or Zigira a City of Mesopotamia about twenty Miles North of Nisibin and sixty from Merdin to the South East Ghamma a vast River of the Asiatick Great Tartary which after a long Course disburthens it self into the Sea of Kaimachy Ghazuan Bengebres a Mountain in Arabia Foelix out of which springeth Eda a River of the same Country which watereth Mecca and falls into the Red Sea over against Suquem in Egypt Gheneoa or Gheneboa a Province of the Kingdom of Tombut in Nigritia in Africa towards the Mouth of the Niger There is neither a walled City Town or Castle standing in it but the Governor Magistrates and those of the best Fashion live together in a great Village it is a plentiful Province for Barley Rice Cotton Cattle and Fish and had the Character of a distinct Kingdom till about 1520. conquered and reduced into a Province by the King of Tombut Ghierra D'Adda a Country of the Milanese See Adda Gianea Blascon a small Island on the Coast of Provence Gianich Nichopolis a City of the Lesser Armenia upon the River Ceraunia which falls into Gensui thirty five German Miles from Erzerum to the South West and forty five from Cogni to the North-East This City was built by Pompey the Great and is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Sebastia Long. 69. 00. Lat. 42. 25. Gianuti Dianium Sinonia an Island on the Coast of Tuscany Giavarin See Gewer Giazza See Laizzo Gibel Gabalus a City of Syria which is a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Antioch seated upon the Mediterranean not far from Anticassium a Mountain of Coelo-Syria forty Miles from Antardum and eleven from Laodicea In the Maps there is a City called Gibeletto nine Miles South of Tripoli and ten Miles North of Sidon which by others is called Gebail and is the same Place Gibeon a great and Royal City of the Amorites in Canaan upon an Hill in the Tribe of Benjamin Memorable for their Stratagem to obtain a League with Joshua and for Joshua's Defeat afterwards of the five Kings of the Amorites at their Besieging of this Place when both the Sun and Moon at Joshua's Command the first over Gibeon the other in the Valley of Ajalon stood still to give Light to the Slaughter of the flying Enemy as this Miracle is quoted Josh 10. 13. out of a lost Book called Jasher about the year of the World 2584. Joshua though he thus protected this City because of his League he nevertheless condemned them to the Slavery of hewing of Wood and drawing of Water for the Tabernacle And when Saul contrived their total Destruction his seven Sons except Mephibosheth were hanged for an Attonement of their Fathers Fault 2 Sam. 21. Gibraltar or Gilbraltar Calpe Gibraltaria a City and Mountain in Andalusia in Spain seated up on the Mouth of the Mediterranean Sea where it runs into the Atlantick Ocean on the North-Eastern Point over against Zeuta in Barbary from which it stands four Italian Miles and the same from the Ruins of Heraclea eleven from Tangier to the North-East and sixteen from Cadiz to the South-West The City is called by the Moors Gibel Tarick the Mountain of Tarick from Tarif a Commander of theirs who was the first that landed here when the Moors invaded Spain in 711. Small though very well fortified it has a large Haven and a strong Castle which has always in it a Garrison of one hundred and fifty Souldiers The City is built upon a Rock in a Peninsula and the Castle stands on the highest part of the Rock At the West and East end there are two Forts or Block-houses next the Sea each of which has nine Cannons notwithstanding James Heemskirk the Dutch Admiral in 1607. entered this Harbour and destroyed the Spanish Fleet. This City is called in ancient Coins Calpe and Colonia Julia Calpa it grew up out of the Ruins of Heraclea and Carteja which lies not above one League from it This and Seuta or Zeuta on the opposite Shoar in Africa were by the Ancients believed to be Hercules his Pillars beyond which there was no going This City has also given Name to the Streights of Gibraltar Fretum Herculeum which is the only Outlet the Mediterranean has into the Atlantick Ocean concerning the breadth of which there is a great Controversie some reckon it seven French Leagues others twelve Italian Miles and twenty for its length others one German Mile and an half This is one of the most famous frequented and most anciently known Streights in the whole World § Also a great Town in Castile d'Or in the South America in the Province of Venezuela upon the Banks of the Lake of Maracaibo and near the great Mountains called after the same Name the Mountains of Gibraltar six Leagues from the River Epines which dischargeth its Streams into the said Lake This Town is well built and drives a Trade with Tobacco Sugar and Cocao Gien a small Town in the Province of Beausse in France upon the Loyre which is here covered with a Stone Bridge twelve Leagues from Orleans and something below the new Channel of Briare Some will have it to be the Genabum of Cesar Giera Hiera a small desolate Island near Candia Gieraci Hieracium Locris Narita a City of the further Calabria three Miles from the Shoars of the Ionian Sea and about one from the Ruins of Locris out of
and running Southward falls into the Propontis South of Seliurea ten German Miles South of Constantinople and six North of Perintho Gnesna Limiosaleum Gnesna a City in the Kingdom of Poland by the Germans called Gnisen it is an Archbishops See in the Palatinate of Kalish towards the Confines of Germany and was anciently called Limiosaleum This was the Royal City of Poland and is now the Seat of the Primate of that Nation and Capital of Polonia Major but daily decaying having suffered much by Fire in 1613. It lies three Polish Miles North from the River Warta seven from Kalish thirty five from Warsaw to the North-West and thirty from Dantzick to the South-West Built by Lechus I. King of Poland in a Marshy Ground The Bishoprick was founded by Mieczilaws Duke of Poland in 966. The Bishop of this See executes the Regal Office in the Interregnum of that Kingdom and summoneth the Diet for the Election of a new King He has the privilege from the Roman See to be a Legatus Natus and takes upon him to refuse to give precedence to Cardinals Gnido Cnidus Gnidus a ruined old City of Caria in the Lesser Asia seventy Miles from Halicarnassus to the East between Rhodes and Cyprus upon the Mediterranean Sea There are here many ruins of ancient Structures as a Theatre a Temple and the like which shew the Antiquity of it though now desolate and its two Havens which made it once so famous totally decayed Goa Barygasa Goa a City of the Hither East-Indies called thus by the Portuguese but Goemoat by the Natives that is the Fruitful well watered Land It lies in a small Island towards the Mouth of the River Mandova on the Shoars of the Province of Cuncan in Long. 104. 15. Lat. 15. 40. on the Western Shoar of the Cape of Malabar This Island belonged anciently to the King of Decam but in 1510. was conquered by Alfonsus Albuquerque a Portuguese Pope Paul I made it an Archbishops See and it was for a long time after the most celebrated Mart and Haven in the East-Indies great populous rich and strong though neither walled nor fortified only as it had six Forts in the Suburbs The Portuguese erected here an University made it the Seat of the Vice-Roy of the Indies and improved it as much as was possible Thus Baudrand Thevenot assures us that it has good Walls with Towers and of Cannon plenty The Island produceth Corn Cattle Fruit in abundance and wants not good Water It is still the Capital of the Portuguese Acquisitions in this remote part of the World full of Religious Houses and Churches Monks and Friers but much lessened as to its Trade by the growth of the Dutch East-India Company The Jesuits have five Houses belonging to their Order and it is pretended that the Body of S. Thomas the Apostle is preserved in this City Godalming A Market Town in the County of Surrey The Capital of its Hundred Goes Goae Tergoes a considerable Town in Zealand seated on that Branch of the Scheld which is called the Schenk a great rich and populous Town on the North Shoar of the Isle of Beuelandt four Miles East of Middleburgh and almost five from Vlilissingen to the North-East Guicciardin Goga Dunga a small City in India Propria under the Mogul in the Kingdom of Guzarat towards the North Shoar of the Bay of Barigazen sixty Spanish Leagues from Dabul to the North. Gogna Agonia a small River in the Dukedom of Milan which ariseth near the Lake called il Magiore in the County of Novarese and running Southward by Novara Mortara a little above Dorno takes in from the East the Ditombio then falls into the P◠eight Miles West of Pavia Gojame Gojamum a Kingdom in Africa in the Higher Aethiopia near the Sources of the Nile where it breaks out of the Lake Zembre or Zaire and lies on the South of the said Lake between it and the Mountains the Capital of it being Zembre a City which gives Name to the Lake between Long. 40. and 50. and South Lat. 10. and 20. Golconde Golconda a Kingdom in the Hither East-Indies near the Bay of Bengala on the North it has the Empire of the Mogul on the West the Kingdom of Decam on the South the Kingdom of Bisnagar and on the East the Bay of Bengala This is more frequently called Orixia It is a great Kingdom extended by the space of two hundred and sixty French Leagues upon the South Bay and takes the Name of Golconda from the Capital City which lies between the River Guenga and the Mountains of Balagua a great and noble City adorned with such a stately Pagod or Temple for the Indian Worship as gains the preserence with some Travellers before the most admired Ediflces in all Asia sixty Leagues from the Port of Masilupatam to the North and fifty from the nearest Coast of the Ocean to the West The other Cities are Conteripatam Caregare Orixa Masilupatam Narfingapatam and Maliapaura or S. Thomas This Prince is one of the most powerful in the Indies It is a pleasant Country to travel in by reason of the Rice and Corn and the many lovely Keservatories The Earth also is rich in Mines of Diamonds Monsieur Thevenot in his Travels assures us that Golconda is only a Castle where the King of Orixa resides and that the City is called Bagnagar a great populous rich well Traded City in Southern Lat. 17. 10. adorned with many noble Structures and fine Gardens though the common People live in low thatched ill contrived Hutts The Castle of Golconda stands two Miles West of Bagnagar upon a Hill rising like a Sugar-Loa◠secured by a Dike which is very deep and a Wall of Stones three Foot in length and breadth the Ditches are filled with fair and good Water besides this Wall it has five round Towers with a great many Cannon mounted both on the Wall and Towers for the defence of the Place The Prince of this Country is a Mahometan Tributary to the Great Mogul he has vast Revenues being the Proprietor of all the Lands in his Kingdom and his Tolls yield him a great Sum of Money Goldhurst or Goudhurst à Market Town in the County of Kent in Scray Lath. Goletta or Goulette Calache a Fort in the Kingdom of Tunis built by Charles V. in 1535. at the entrance of the Bay of Tunis which was taken by the Turks in 1574. and since enlarged by them with a capacious Port a Custom-house two Mosques and a Prison for Christian Slaves Golfo di Arabia Sinus Arabicus See the Red Sea famous for the passage of the Children of Israel That which we call a Bay or Arm of the Sea or a Sea restrained within narrower Bounds as opposed to the word Ocean is by the Italians Spanish and Portuguese called Golfo so that in their account there is a vast number of Golfoes or Gulphs But I will only take notice here of the more remarkable and to which the
falls into the River Oakre Obater Gostynin Gostinia a small Town and a Castellany thereto belonging in the Palatinate of Rava in the Great Poland two Miles from the Vistula and Ploczko to the South which has a Castle tolerably strong This small Place was made famous by the Imprisonment and Death of Susicius Great Duke of Muscovy Gotham Egates Aegates a knot of small Islands in the Mediterranean Sea over against the Western Point of Sicily upon the Coast of Africa Gothardsberg or S. Gothard Adula Summae Alpes a considerable Branch of the Swiss Alpes between the Dutchy of Milan and Switzers where the Pennine Alpes begin it lies in part in the Canton of Vri and in part in the Upper League of the Grisons between Altorff to the North and the Town of Belinzona once a Town of the Dutchy of Milan now belonging to the Swiss upon the River Tesino to the South the parts of this Mountain are Grispaltsberg from whence springeth the first Branch of the Rhine Vogselberg called by the Italians il monte Vccello from whence comes the second Branch of the Rhine Mont Furk from whence the Rhosne and the Tesino Mont Grimsel the Mother of the Aar and Russ which do both afterwards fall into the Rhine It is dangerous to pass this Branch of the Alpes without Guides being ordinarily covered with Snow Gothen Gotha a small City in Thuringia in Germany built by the Goths which is now under the Duke of Gotha a Branch of the House of Saxony whose Castle is Grimmestein This place was heretofore very strong but in the time of Ferdinand I. it was destroyed and in later times rebuilt and called Freidenstein It stands three German Miles from Erford to the West and four from Eysenach § The Dukedom of Gotha is a part of the Vpper Saxony under the Dominion of its own Duke who is a Branch of the Line of Weymar and besides this possessed of Altenburg in Misnia Coburg a part of Hennenberg in Franconia and Osterland in the Vpper Saxony Gothebourg or Gotembourg a very strong City with an Harbour belonging to it in the Province of Westrogothia at the entrance of the Baltick Sea three German Miles from Bahuys to the South sixty six from Stockholm to the South-West and seventeen from Skagen the most Northern Point of Jutland to the North-West In this City Charles IX King of Sweden died in 1660. § There is another Town of the same Name in New York formerly called New Sweden in America built by the Swedes but taken from them by the Hollanders and taken again from the Hollanders by the English Gotland Gothia the South part of the Kingdom of Sweden called by the Inhabitants Gutlandt by the Swedes Gota by the Germans Gotlandt It lies between Sweden properly so called Norway to the North and the Baltick Sea from Norway it is again divided by the vast Lake Wener and the River that issueth out of it This great space of Land is divided into three parts or Provinces West Gota Ost Gota and Sod Gota each of which is again subdivided into lesser Provinces In Ostrogothia is Ost Gota Smaland Oeland and an Island in the Baltiek Sea called Gotland In Sod or South Gota which lies next Denmark being separated from it only by the Sound are Skone Haland and Bleking which three belonged heretofore to the Danes but in 1658. by the Treaty of Roschild were yielded to the Swedes In Westrogothia are Daal and Wermeland the principal Cities in these Provinces are Calmar Gottenbourg Bahuys and Landskroon This was the Country of that Nation of the Goths which contributed so very much to the ruin of the Western Roman Empire being associated in their Conquests by the Rugii the Carini the Sidrones the Vandali and others They began to be taken notice of under Decius the Emperour in the year of Christ 251. Theodosius conquered them after this when they had but a little before ruined Valens his Predecessor Alaricus took Rome and laid all Italy desolate in the Reign of Honorius A. D. 409. after whom Atulphus set up the Kingdom of Wisigoths or Western Goths in Aquitania and Narbon in France which was conquered in 506. or rather removed into Spain where it continued three hundred years till Rodericus the last King of this Race was overthrown and slain by the Moors and Saracens of Africa Of all which I shall speak more largely in the proper places This people had a Bishop named Theophilus assisting at the General Council of Nice under Constantine the Great and another Vlphilas who was a famous Arrian § The Island of Gotland aforementioned in the Baltick Sea is about twelve Leagues long from North to South and five broad from East to West and nine Swedish Miles from the Isle of Oeland to the East with the City Wisburg for its Capital Gottingen Dulgibiorum Dulgumniorum Munitium Juliphurdum Gottinga Gottengen a City of the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Brunswick upon the River Leyne five German Miles from Limbecke on the same River to the South twelve from Paterborne to the East and sixteen from Mansfelt to the West the River upon which it stands a little beneath Ferden falls into the Weser above Bremen to the East six Miles Gottorp a Castle near Sleswick in the Province of Jutland in Denmark which is the ordinary residence of the Dukes of Holstein entituled Gottorp from hence in distinction from the Dukes of Holstein Regalis Two Branches of the same Family from Christian III. King of Denmark See Holstein Gotz See Emmaus Goualiar or Govaleor a City and Province of the same Name of the Empire of the Great Mogul in India on this side the Ganges to the East of Agra The former is esteemed one of the most considerable places in the Indies where the Emperour keeps his Treasure and confines the Prisoners of State Goude Gauda a Town and Port of Holland upon the Issel which there receives the River Gou which last gives Name to this place in an advantageous situation upon the account of the Sluces five Leagues from Leyden It is said to have been built in the year 1272. and afterwards in 1420. to have been quite destroyed by fire The Town-house is remarked for a good Building Gouel a River of the Kingdom of Bengale in the East-Indies where Diamonds are found Governo Acroventum a Town in the Dutchy of Milan but under the Dominion of the Republick of Venice upon the Po where the River Menzo comes to join it between Mantoua and Concordia Memorable for the Enterview at it of Pope Leo and Attila King of the Hunns Gournay Gornacum a Town in the Territory of Bray in Normandy upon the River Epte five Leagues from Gisors § There is another of the same Name in the Isle of France upon the Frontiers of Picardy and the River Aronde betwixt Compiegne Noyen and Clermont en Beauvais Gozi Thera and Island near Candia Gozo Gaulos and by the Inhabitants called Gaudisch is a
small Island near Malta to the West at the distance of four Miles only mentioned by Strabo and Pliny Now belonging to the Knights of Maltha who have fortified it with a Castle § Also an Island in the Sea of Crete near Cape Crio called Claudia in the Acts of the Apostles C. 27. 16. and otherwise by the Ancients Claudus and Claudos La Grace or La Grasse a City of Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Embrun in the stead of Antipolis now Antibe it is seated upon an Hill and is a fine well built City with divers Churches and Religious Houses in it three Leagues from Antibe to the West seven from Nice to the same quarter about twenty four from Embrun to the South and the same from Sisteron to the South West Hadr. Vales in his Notitia Galliae saith this City in 1285 belonged to the Bishoprick of Arles and Antibe was then the Bishops See but in 1322. this is named as a Suffragan Bishops See under the Archbishop of Embrun in the Itinerary of Gregory XI And that the See was removed hither upon the account of the daily Incursions of Pyrats and Robbers and upon the slaughter of one of the Bishops of Antibe For saith he Antibe is a Sea-Port but La Grace is a strong Castle and more remote from the Sea Which reason sheweth the weakness of the French Nation at Sea in those times Gracias a Dios a Town and Cape of the Province of Honduras in New Spain in the Northern America possessed by the Salvages with the whole Country thereabouts to the extent of fifty Leagues living in a Republican way without any Soveraign King or Prince over them and when they go to War making choice of one out of themselves to command for that present Juncture The Spaniards honour them with the Title of los Indios Bravos for their Gallantry having been never conquered yet Gradiska Gradiscia a principal Town of the Province of Sclavonia in the Lower Hungary upon the Save betwixt Possega and Zagrabia towards the Borders of Croatia See Sclavonia Some will have it to be the true Servitium of the Ancients § A Fortress likewise in Friuli in the County of Goritia upon the River Sisonzo which belongs to the House of Austria Grado Gradus a City and Island belonging to Friuli on the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea or Gulph of Venice built by the Inhabitants of Aquileja eight Miles from Venice to the East and twelve from Aquileja to the South under the Venetians The Patriarchs of Aquileja long since removed from thence and settled here as they went afterwards from hence to Venice about two hundred years since Elias one of these Patriarchs in 602. celebrated a Council in this place Grafignana Caferoniana a County within the Apennine the greatest part of which is under the Duke of Modena the rest belongs to the Republick of Lucca Graftschaft Mansfeld Mansfeldiensis Comitatus the County of Mansfield The word Graftschaft in the German Town signifying a County Grafton a Road-Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Cleley adorned with a Park and an ancient Seat of the Family de Wideville Earls of Rivers The Marriage of King Edward IV. with the Lady Grey which was the first Marriage of any King of England with a Subject from the Conquest received its consummation here From the year 1490. to Henry VIII this Seat bequeathed by Richard the last of the Male Line of the Rivers to Thomas Grey Marquess of Dorset continued in the Name of the Greys and then in an exchange for Lands in Leicestershire became united to the Crown It is well known for giving the Title of Duke to the late Henry Fitz Roy created by King Charles II. his Father Baron of Sudbury Viscount Ipswich and Earl of Euston in 1672. and Duke of Grafton five years after who dyed of the Wounds he received at the Siege of Cork Grambusia Crambusia a small Island on the Coast of Cilicia Grampond a Market and Borough-Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Powder which returns two Members of Parliament Gran Strigonium a City of the Lower Hungary seated on the South-West side of the River Danube where the River Gran falls into the Danube It s Castle is a very fine Pile built upon the Banks of the Danube upon a Rock which is very steep The City is of a Triangular form It has two great Towers one toward Thomasberg and the other towards the Danube over against Barkan between these Towers there is a Wall which has small Flanks and Redoubts and a Dike flanked with hewen Stone at the foot of the Dike there runs a Terrasse which has strong Pallisadoes and four great Points instead of Ravelins the other side towards the Danube has nothing but Walls and Pallisadoes it is very steep on that side and secured by the River The Castle stands very high but there are two Mountains from which it may be battered This City is divided into two parts the High and the Low Town the last commanding the Danube they are both very strong and have good Walls S. Thomas's Hill is also well fortified because being very near the Town it would otherwise have commanded it There are in it excellent temperate Baths This City was heretofore the Capital of Hungary and has many magnificent Buildings in it as S. Stephens Church the Archbishops Palace c. The Country about it affords excellent Wines there is plenty of hot Springs so that the pleasantness of its situation and the fertility of the Soil easily induced the ancient Kings of Hungary to settle here The importance of this Place has brought upon it many bloody Sieges John King of Hungary besieged it without any success about 1529. Solyman the Magnificent took it in 1544. The Count of Mansfield retook it for the Arch-Duke Matthias in 1595. It was lost again by the Cowardize of the Garrison in 1605. the Governour being accidentally killed Just over against it stands Barkan to which there is a Bridge of Boats over the Danube which together with Barkan was burnt by the Christians in 1664. In 1683. there was under the Walls of this City a sharp Engagement between the Turks and Germans the latter prevailing and taking the City of Gran also October 23 after they had beat the Turks from Vienna July 30. 1685. the Turks again besieged this City but were forced to retire Aug. 16. with the loss of all their Cannon and Baggage It stands six German Miles from Alba Regalis to the East the same from Buda to the North and Comora to the South in a most fruitful and pleasant Plain Called by the Inhabitants Stegran by the Germans Gran by the Italians Strigonia S. Stephen King of Hungary was born here This City is also an Archbishops See the Archbishop is perpetual Chancellor of the Kingdom of Hungary and ought by his place to have the Honour of Crowning the King after he is
chosen being the Primaâ—â— of that whole Kingdom § The River Gran riseth in the Carpathian Hills and passing by Liptsch Neâ—â—sol Konisperg and Soidigâ—n at Barkan over against Gran falls into the Danube Long. 41. 25. Lat. 47. 45. Grana a small River in Italy which falls into the Po against the Mouth of the Tanaro Granada Granata Granatum Illiberis and Regnum Oranatense a Kingdom and a City in Spain The Kingdom of Granada lies in the South of Spain upon the Mediterranean Sea being heretofore the Eastern part of Hispania Boetica Bounded on the East with the Kingdom of Murcia on the North and West with that of Andalusia and on the South with the Mediterranean It is full of Mountains the greatest of which is Apuâ—axara The Soil was once very fruitful but now desolate and consequently in many parts barren This Kingdom was one of the first the Moors possessed themselves of and of the last they lost the Spaniards not recovering it out of their Hands before 1492. Peter Son of Alphonsus King of Castile surprised one of their Kings and slew him in 1350. But Ferdinando in the first mentioned year was the Prince which God had appointed to put a final period to the Kingdom of the Moors in Spain by the expulsion of Mahomet Boabdelin the last King of Granada Son of Muley Assin As this raised Spain to that greatness our Fathers saw and feared so the expulsion of the Posterity of these Moors by Philip II. in 1571. occasioned by a Rebellion here and in Andalusia upon the score of the Inquisition began the ruin of Spain the loss of so vast a number of Subjects many of which though banished as Mahometans did profess Christianity in Africa amongst the Moors having rendered it together with the American Plantations weak and unable to defend it self or to maintain its very distant Dominions The principal Cities of this Kingdom are Granada Guadix Baza Ronda and Almeria This Kingdom is twenty five Miles in breadth twenty three in length and sixty in circumference § Granada Nova Illiberis the Capital City of the last mentioned Kingdom and from whence it had its Name is a great and most delightful City as any in Spain the Air healthful and it has plenty of excellent Springs so that the Moors were of opinion Paradise was at least in that part of the Heavens which influenced this Climate This City was built out of the Ruins of Illiberis an old Roman City in an extended form upon several Hills two of which are higher than any of the rest upon the River Del Oro Darrum the River Xenil Singilis flowing also not far from it on the South This City is divided into four parts the first is Granada in which is the Cathedral the second Alhambra beautified with the Palace of the Moorish Kings which is extreamly Magnificent and has a delightful Prospect the third Alvesia and the fourth Antiquerula which for the multitude of Inhabitants and beauty of the Buildings is not inferior to any of the other three the whole is twelve Miles in compass inhabited by many excellent Artificers especially Silk-Weavers It has also a Bishops See an University opened by Ferdinando and a Parliament or Chancellary This City was built by the Moors who were expelled out of it after they had possessed it 778 years in 1462. It has twelve Gates and a thousand and thirty Towers In it lie buried Ferdinando and Isabella Philip I. and Joanna his Queen On the East there is a Castle built on a Hill of hewen Stone This City stands thirty six Leagues from Sevil to the East nineteen from Cordova to the South-East and twelve from Jaâ—n to the South Long. 17. 10. Lat. 37. 30. New Granada by the Spaniards styled Nuevo Reyno de Granada a Kingdom in the South America in the large Country of Castile d' Or whereof it is sometime reckoned as a Province lying betwixt the Provinces of Popayan Paria and S. Martha a hundred and thirty Leagues in length in breadth where it is at the largest about thirty and where the least about twenty There are Mines of Gold and precious Stones to enrich it with large Forests and excellent Pasturage It lies so near the Equinoctial that the difference betwixt Winter and Summer the Day and Night is scarce observable Subject nevertheless to violent Hurricanes Thunders and Lightnings The principal Provinces of it are Bogota and Tunia The Capital City S. Fe de Bogota the other principal Cities and Places under the Spaniards Trinidad la Palma Pamplâ—na Merida Tunia Merequita Vittoria St. John de los Lanos c. It is watered by the great River de la Madalena and in divers parts inhabited by numbers of Salvages § There is a Town Granada in the Region of Nicaragua in the North America towards the Gulph of Nicaragua and the North Sea under the Government of Guadimala § And an Island amongst the Caribbes named so formerly by the Spaniards but now under the Dominion of the French Betwixt La Trinidad Tabago and Barbadoes Grandmont or Geerstberg Gâ—rardi Mons a small Town in the Earldom of Flanders upon a Hill with the River Dender running by its foot three Leagues from Oudenarde and five from Dendermonde Built about the year 1065. by Baldwin V. Earl of Flanders and often taken by the French Grane Grana an Island belonging to France in the Bay of Aquitaine Granea Echedorus a River of Macedonia which falls into the Gulph of Thessalonica said to have been drunk dry by the Army of Xerxes It is now called Calico by some by others Verataser and runneth near the City of Thessalonica Grange a Seigniory in the Province of Berry in France giving its name to an honorable Family Granico Granicus a River of the Lesser Asia placed by Strabo in the Lesser Mysia it springeth from Mount Ida and bending Northward falls into the Propontis between Cyzicum to the East and Lamposcus to the West its Fountains are twenty Stadias from the Springs of Scamander now Scamandro Also at this day called Granico by some and by others Lazzara Upon the Banks of it near Cyzicum was the first Battel between Alexander the Great and Darius King of the Persians Anno Romae 420. i. e. 334 years before our Saviour in which a hundred thousand Persians were slain See Plutarch and Justin Granson Gransonium a Village in Switzerland near the Lake of Newenbourg which has a small District belonging to it subject to the Cantons of Bearn and Friburg it lies at the equal distance of 3 Miles from Newenburg to the South and Friburg to the West Near this place the Army of Charles the Hardy Duke of Burgundy consisting of 50000 Men was defeated by 5000 Swiss in 1476. and his Camp taken with all his Baggage and Cannon This unfortunate Prince had but a little before taken this Town from the Swiss and coming too late to relieve it again the Swiss upon this defeat of his Army have ever since enjoyed
watering Baeza Lorca and Almacaren falls into the Mediterranean Sea seven Miles South of Carthagena in the Kingdom of Murcia Guadalete Lethes a River of Andalusia which watereth Zahara Villa Martin Bornbos Arcos and Xeres and ends in the Bay of Cadiz Guadaloupe or Guardeloupe Aqua Lupiae an Island in America which is one of the greatest of the Antilles and has been in the hands of the French ever since 1627. There are in it many Plantations or Colonies and Castles the Island being sixty Miles in compass very fruitful in Sugars and well watered and peopled It lies in Long. 315. North Lat. 19. 10. to the North-West of Barbadoes betwixt Dominico and Marigalante And is the third Island from the Northward of the Caribbes or Antilles Guadalquivir Baetis Tartessus one of the greatest Rivers in Spain called Baetis by Mela Tartessus by Strabo And now Guadalquivir by an Arabick Word which signifies the great River or Water It ariseth from Mount Carzorla in the Forest of Segura in New Castile in the Confines of Granada and Murcia six Leagues from Baeza to the North and being augmented with the River Borosa it runneth Westward through Andalusia and a little above Andujar takes in from the North Guadalimar and beneath it Frio from the South Guadiel and Herumblar from the North and passing Admuz with the addition of Arjona and Porcuna it entereth Cordova then taking in Cazer and some other small Rivers it passeth to Palma where it receives the Xenil Singylis and so hasteth to Sevil Hispalis beneath which it takes in the Guadimar and bending Southward entereth the Ocean five Leagues beneath Sevil. The Mouth of it is called la Maresma Heretofore it had another Mouth but that lying more Southward is long since stopped up Beneath Sevil it makes three or four small Islands not worth any further notice Guadalquivireio Saduca a River of Granada which falls into the Mediterranean Sea at Malaga Guadaxenil more commonly called Xenil See Guadalquivir and Xenil Guadel a Town and Port upon the Gulph of Ormus in the Province of Kherman in Persia Guadiana Anas a River in Spain which is one of the greatest its present Name is compounded of the Arabick Word Guadi which signifies a River and Anas its ancient Name It ariseth in New Castile out of the Fens or Marshes called Las Lagunas de Guadiana not above two Miles above the Town Villa Nueva de los Infantes being dismissed from these Marshes and improved by the Boydera it buries it self for a League under the Earth and near Villaharta breaks out again five Leagues beneath Calatrava declining Westward tho with great winding and taking in Bullaque Estena Guadaranque and out of Estremadura Guadalupo and Zuja it watereth Merida then Badajox or Badajos Pax Augusta where it entereth Portugal and declining to the South visits Olivenca and having parted Algarvia to the North from Andalusia on the South it entereth the Ocean at Ayamente seventeen Spanish Miles West of Guadalquivir This River is at present said not to bury it self in the Earth as is reported heretofore by all the Spaniards who have mentioned it Baudrand Guadiaro Chrysius Barbesola See Guadelentin Others say it is Guadalajora between Estropona to the North-East and Castel de la Lucena to the West just by the Eastern Mouth of the Streights of Gibraltar Guadilbarbar Rubricacus a River of the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa called Jadog or Ladog by others It falls into the Mediterranean Sea Guadix Guadicium Acci a City in the Kingdom of Granada which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sevil. Seated at the Foot of a Mountain by the River Fardes or Guadalentia and the Fountains of Segura ten Leagues from Jaen to the South-East nine from Granada to the North-East and seventeen from Almeria to the North. This City was taken from the Moors in 1489 and is now in a declining State tho once a celebrated Roman Colony Guaira a Province of Paraguay in South America under the Spaniards between the South part of Brasil to the East Parana to the South and Paraguay Propria to the West the chief City had heretofore the same Name but is now ruined Gualata a Kingdom of Africa in Nigritia towards the Atlantick Ocean it has the Desarts of Zanhaga on the North on the East the Kingdom of Tombutum and on the South that of Genchoa The King of Tombut conquered this Country in 1526 and afterwards return'd it to its own Prince upon Conditions of his paying Tribute to Tombut It is but a barren place affording little Provision no Barley Rice or Hirse and plenty only of Dates The principal City is of the same name Whither the Barbary Merchants used formerly to traffick for Brass Silver and Gold but now the Commerce has passed thence to Gaoga and Tombut The other chief City in it is Hoden Gualentzamore the Caspian Sea Gualgas Ganges Gualida or Beni-Gualida a rich and fruitful Mountain in the Province of Errif in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa inhabited by sixty good Villages out of which they can draw six thousand effective men who with the great difficulty of the Avenues are a considerable defence against a Conquest They pay a small Tribute for the liberty of going to Fez but otherwise are exempted from Taxes and by a Privilege confirm'd to them by the Kings of Fez at every new Succession their Country is an inviolable Asylum for Criminals that retire to it Guamanga otherwise called S. Juan de la Vittoria a City in Peru which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lima and the Capital of a Province in a good Air a fruitful Soil full of Mines of divers Metals the Seat of a Governour adorn'd with many Convents and Churches well built sixty Leagues from Lima. The Spaniards reckon about thirty thousand persons in the Province that pay Taxes Guanahani or St. Salvador an Island of North America one of the Lucayes between Florida and Hispaniola which has a safe and a large Haven and was the first spot of American Ground which Columbus discovered on Thursday October 11. 1492. By him called S. Salvador because his finding it that day saved his Life the Spaniards having otherwise resolved to have slain him In the midst of it there is a Lake five Leagues in circuit The Soil is good Pasturage and it was heretofore well peopled with the Natives before the Spaniards murdered a great part of them and carried away the rest to the Terra firma to work in the Mines of Gold Guancabelica otherwise known by the Name of El Assiento de Oropesa are the famous Quick-Silver Mines in Peru near the City Oropesa and nine or ten Leagues from S. Juan de la Vittoria Out of which they yearly extract about a Million of Pounds in weight of the Metal and the Sum of forty thousand Ducats thence accrues besides other Emoluments to the Treasures of the King of Spain The Spaniards first discovered them in 1566. Guanser Zalacus
a Mountain of Mauritania Caesarienfis now the Kingdom of Algier in Barbary Guarda Guardia a City of Portugal in the Province of Beira which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Lisbon between Cauria Coria and Limago fourteen Miles from either eleven from Viseu The See was translated hither from the Igadita of the Ancients which had been a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Braga Guardaâ—u and Guardafuni Aromata a City and Promontory in Aethopia at the Entrance of the Red-Sea where the most Eastern Part of the Kingdom of Adel now is over against Arabia Foelix and the Isle of Zocotora This is the most Eastern Cape of all the Continent of Africa Guardia Siga a Town in the Kingdom of Algier Guardia Sela a River on the West of the Morea now Sellei over against Zant. Guardia Alferes or Aifenes Guardia Alferia an Episcopal City in the County of Molise in the Kingdom of Naples The See is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Benevento Guardiano Lotoa Letoia an Island in the Ionian Sea on the South of Candia or Crete Guargala a Kingdom in Biledulgerida between Gademessa to the East and Tegortina to the West towards the Mountains of Zahara Guascogna See Gascoigne Guastalla Guardastallum Vastalla Guastalla a Town upon the Po in Lombardy in the States of the Duke of Mantoua at which Pope Paschal II. celebrated a Council in 1106. It has the Honor to give the Title of a Duke Guatimala a large Government and Province in New Spain The principal City of which being of the same Name S. Jago de Guatimala is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mexico The feat of the Parliament and in 1628. by Philip IV. made an University This City was built in 1524. in a Valley near the River Matataia not far from a burning Mountain from whence there issued such a Deluge of Fire Water and Stones in 1541. as overturned a great part of the Houses in it thirteen Spanish Leagues from the South Sea three hundred from Mexico to the South-East The Government of Guatimala reaches from the Province of Chiapa as far as to the Streights of Panama including in that extent the Provinces of Vera-Paz Soconusco Guatimala properly so called of which S. Jago aforesaid is the Capital Honduras Nicaragua Costa ricca and Veragua In the Indian Language it is Quatuemallac There is plenty of Corn Cotton Maze and good Pastourage of Hills Forrests and Rivers but the Air not commended for Healthfulness and they make Salt with great Difficulty Guattaro Battarus a River in the Isle of Corsica Guaxaca a Province in New Spain in the North America the Capital whereof is Antequera It lies betwixt the two North and South Seas with the Provinces of Tlascala to the West and Chiapa to the East enjoying a healthy Climate and yielding plenty of Corn Maze Cacao Cochineal Silk Fruits with Mines of Gold c. There are about three hundred and fifty Borough Town and as many Villages an hundred and sixty Convents and divers Ecclesiastical Colleges established in it Ferdinand Cortez made the Conquest of it to whom the Valley of Guaxaca gave the Title of Marquiss del Valle. Guayaquil a Sea-Port Town in the North of Peru upon the Pacifick Ocean or South Sea which has a large Haven and lies over against the Isle of Puna the River that washeth it is called by the same Name Gubel-Haman a Sultany or petty Kingdom in Arabia Foelix towards the Arabian Sea near Fartach with a City of the same Name Guben a strong Town well fortified in the Lower Lusatia in Germany upon the River Neisse It is one of the principal Places in the Province of Lusatia Guber a Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa between Guiana to the South the River Niger to the North and the Lake of Guardia to the East with a City its Capital of the same Name It is a well peopled Country and the Kings of it are absolute Gubio or Gubbio Eugubium a small City in the State of the Church in the Dukedom of Vrbino which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vrbino but exempt from his Jurisdiction It stands at the Foot of the Apennine near the Fountains of the River Chiasâ—us in the Confines of the Marquisate of Anconitana twenty six Miles from Vrbino to the South and sixty from Ancona to the West called Eugubio in the later Maps Gucheu a great City and Territory in the Province of Quangsi in China extending their Jurisdiction over nine other Cities It is one of the Keys of the Province and being seated at the Confluence of divers Rivers with the Takiang has made it self a famous Place for Commerce Out of the Mountains in this Territory they draw Vermiglion Gueguere See Meroiâ— Gueiheoi one of the principal Cities of the Province of Honan in the North-East of the Kingdom of China Guelderland See Gelderlandt Guenga a River in India within Ganges which ariseth in the Kingdom of Decam towards Mount Gata and flowing through the Kingdom of Orixia disburthens it self into the Bay of Bengala It is called by the Portuguese Ganga Guerande a City of Brétagne in France in the County of Nantes towards the Shoars of the Bay of Aquitain between the Mouth of the Loyre and Vdaine where are great Works for the making Salt It stands fourteen Miles from Nantes to the West and was once called Aula Quiriaca Guerba a River of Spain Gueret Gueretum a City of France in la Marche the Vpper whereof it is the Capital upon the River Cruse twelve Leagues from Limoges to the East and twenty two from Bourbon to the West others write it Garactum Gueser Seleucia the same with Bagdat Guetaria Menosea a Town in Guipuscoa Gueta Opta a City in New Castile seated in a Plain twenty Miles from Toledo Guharan See Oran which is the same Guiana Guiania a large Country in South America sometimes written Guaiana it is bounded on the East and North by the Atlantick Ocean or the North Sea on the West by the Terra Firma on the South by Brasil and the Lake of Parimao This Country has for thirty Years last past been inhabited by the English Dutch and French The two Nations of the Indians called Caribes and Galibes besides others possess nevertheless the far greatest part of it who used to War formerly with Arms all made of Gold of which this Country afforded such abundance that the Spaniards at the first gave it the name of El Dorado Guie Guetta Gutta a River in Burgundy Guienne Aquitania in Pliny Aremorica a Province and Dukedom in France bounded on the North with Xaintoigne from which it is parted by the River Dordonne on the South with Gascoigne on the East with Perigort and on the West with the Aquitanick Ocean from the Pyrenean Hills to the River of Bourdeaux This Country is fruitful in Corn and Wine the first of which is usually transported into Spain and the latter into the Northern Countries The People are
and his surprizing Calais from the English He was assassinated in 1553. being the Father of Henry Duke of Guise and Charles Duke of Mayne c. Henry making himself Head of the Holy League against Henry III. of France was slain in the States of Blois by the Order of that Prince in 1588. and his Elegy is written by the Eloquent M. de Balsac Charles the other Brother took up Arms against Henry III. and continued them against Henry IV. till at last in 1594. he was forced to submit to that Victorious Prince Charles the Son of Henry succeeded his Father in the Dukedom and was the Father of Henry II. who has been famous of later Times being chosen King of Naples though the Spaniards shortly outed him Gulick Juliacum a City of Germany mention'd as such by Tacitus and Ammianus called now by the French Juliers by the Germans Gulick by the Italians Giuliers It is the Capital of the Dutchy of Juliers seated upon the River Roer or Roure which falls into the Maes at Roermande and has a strong square Castle often taken and retaken of latter times till in 1660. it was put by the Spaniards into the Hands of the Duke of Newburg It lies sixteen Miles from Cologn to the West seven from Maestricht and four from Aquisgrane to the North-East See Juliers Guns Sabaria a River of the Lower Hungary which riseth in Austria and falls into the River Rab The Hungarians call it Benges Guntz Guntia a River in Schwaben which gives Name to Guntzburg in the Marquisate of Burgow fourteen Miles from Kempten to the North and thirty nine from Auspurg This River falls into the Danube three Miles below Vlm Guplo a small Lake in the Palatinate of Brest in Poland Gurck Gurcum a City in Carinthia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Saltzburg It stands upon a River of the same Name which a little lower falls into the Oleze six Miles from Villach to the North and about five from Clagenfurt a little East of which the River Gurk falls into the Danube This Bishoprick was instituted by one of the Archbishops of Saltzburg in 1073. who reserved to himself and his Successors the Election and Investiture of the Bishops of this See taking the Oath of Fealty from them But now by Agreement with Ferdinand I. the Emperor chuseth twice together then the Bishop of Saltzburg the third time and so by turns as often as this See becomes vacant though this Bishop is no Member of the Empire nor has any Vote in the Diet as all those which were Founded by the Emperors of Germany have Gdreigura or Guregra an inhabited Mountain towards the Atlas in the Kindom of Fez in Africa thirteen Leagues from the City Fez affording Corn and Cattle in plenty There are divers large Villages upon it which stand in no need of Walls or Castles to defend them the Difficulty of the Avenues is a sufficient Security Gurgian the Caspian Sea Gurgistan See Georgia Gustrow Gustrovium a small City in the Dukedom of Mecklenburg which is the Seat of a Duke who has here a very splendid Castle It stands seven German Miles from Wismar to the East four from Rostock to the South three from Dobbertin to the North and about seven from the Shoars of the Baltick Sea to the South The Duke of Gustrow has under him Rostock and the greatest part of the Territory of Walden also but Gustrow is his principal City Gutkow or Gutzkow Gutkovia is a Town of the Hither Pomerania upon the River Pene which a little lower falls into the Gross Haff and the Baltick Sea It stands 14 Miles from Gustrow to the East 3 from Gripswald to the South and 4 from Wolyast to the South-West This is the Capital of a Marquisate which takes its Name from this Town and lies between the Dukedom of Stetin to the East and the Dominion of Bardt to the West and the Baltick Sea to the North To it belongs Gripswald and Gutkow they are all of them together with Stetin under the King of Sweden who by a Treaty in 1676. regained them from the Duke of Brandenburg who had seized them in a War a little before Guy-Clift a very delightful Cliff amongst Groves and little Streams near Warwick so called from the Famous Guy Earl of Warwick who retired hither from his Valiant Actions to a Life of Solitude and built a Chappel in which he was buried Guydil the Scotch and Irish Guzerate Gedrosia Guzarata a Kingdom in the East-Indies in the Cape of Malabar to the East of the Kingdom of Decan which had heretofore Kings of its own but is now under the Great Mogul whose Viceroy lives in extraordinary State at Amadabat often also called the Kingdom of Cambaia from Cambaia its capital City under which word there is a further Account of it I shall here add that Sultan Mamoet Prince of this Country dying about 1545. left the Tuition of his Son to one of his great Men who being envied and hated by his Country-men and his Prince though of Age then not being able to protect him he in 1565. called in Ecbar the great Mogul who took Possession of this Kingdom and ruined the King and his Tutor together with the discontented Party It is the pleasantest Province in all Indostan ever green Its Sea-Ports are Surat and Cambaya which last is the best in the Indies Gwir Waga a River in Wales which falleth into the Severn at Chepstow after it hath passed by Monmouth Gwidh Vectis the Isle of Wight Gwineth Venedocia North-Wales Gyfhorn Gyfhornia a Town of Germany in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Lunenburg under the Duke of Zell three Miles from Brunswick to the North and five from Zell to the East upon the River Aller Gyll Ansoba a River of Ireland which falls into the Bay of Gallway in Conaught Gyngisch Genadium Cenadium a City of the Vpper Hungary called Chanad by the Hungarians and Gyngisch by the Germans It is the Head of a County of the same Name and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Colocza Upon the River Merisch which passing from the Carpathian Hills quite through Transylvania and by Lippa a little lower than this City falls into the Teysse over against Segedin from which this City stands about three Miles to the East it was in the hands of the Turks till 1676. but is now in the Possession of the Emperour Gymnosophistae the ancient Philosophers of India whose Memory is preserved in History with great honour they first taught us the placing of true felicity in Speculation Sense and Vertue accompanied with a solid Contempt of Fortune's favours The Greeks received several Doctrines from them and particularly the Metampsychosis to which the Indians to this day as formerly are strictly addicted Of these Philosophers the Brachmanes made one principal Sect. And some applied themselves to give Counsel to Princes and Magistrates some to contemplate the Works of Nature in solitary places H A.
the whole Province it ariseth near Bincha in this Province and dividing it into two parts watereth Monts takes in Tâ—uâ—la and at Conde falls into the Schelde Halapia Mesopotamia Halar Halara a City in Island on the North side which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim it has no Walls nor any great number of Inhabitants but stands by the Bay of Skagafiâ—rd and is under the King of Denmark as King of Norway Halberstad Pheugarum Haiberstatum is a German City in the Lower Saxony and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mentz being substituted in the stead of Salinstad in 819. The Capital also of a Principality which has its Name from it it stands upon the River Hotheim seven Miles from Magdeburg to the West and from Brunswick to the South Heretofore an Imperial Free Town but being exempt it fell under the Dominion of its own Bishop till by the Treaty of Westphalia or Munster this Bishoprick was changed into a Principality and given to the Duke of Brandenburg The Bishop of this Diocese embraced the Augustane Confession in 1586. The Principality of Halberstad is a small Territory granted by Charles the Great who founded it to the Bishoprick but now under the Duke of Brandenburg It is bounded on the North by the Dukedoms of Magdeburg and Brunswick on the South by the Principality of Anhault and lies from East to West about nine German Miles The Capital of it is Halberstad Halifax a Corporation in the County of York upon the River Caâ—der seated upon the â—â—eep descent of an Hill and extended from East to West which of old was called Horton It is a very populous rich Town having in it eleven Chap els whereof two are Parishes and about twelve thousand inhabitants Placed in a barren Soil but the Inhabitants have by their Industry in Clothing and other Manufactures so supplied their Defects that none are richer or better supplied than they Charles II and King James II successively added to the Honour of this Place when they created George Savil Baron of Eyland Viscount and Marquess of Halifax who is still living Halenberg a part of Mount Kalenberg which begins in the Lower Austria at the Danube and runs to the South as far as the Drave whereof this branch parts Hungary from Stiria and Carinthia Halep or Haleppo See Aleppo Halesworth a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Blithing Hali Muza a City in Arabia the Happy upon the Red Seâ— now called Gezien Haling a small Island to the Eastward of Portsmouth with a Town of the same Name Halitz Haâ—â—otz a Town in Poland in a Territory of the same Name upon the River Niester Tyra in Red Russia which has a strong Castle Heretofore a City of great Note and the Capital of Red Russia then a Kingdom the Prince of which was often called the King of Halitz and not of Russia because this Kingdom was divided into many Dukedoms the Principal of which was the Duke of Kiovia Pope Gregory XI made this an Archbishops See But in 1414. the Archbishoprick was removed to Lemburg from which Aalitz stands sixteen Polish Miles to the North-East and twenty five from Caminieck to the West It is now in a declining State and inhabited by few Hall Hala Halla a City in the Vpper Saxony in Misnia which though little is in a good condition and under the Jurisdiction of its own Duke It stands upon the River Sala Saalder three German Miles from Mersburg to the North ten from Magdeburg to the South and seventeen from Wittemburg to the South-West It has near it a Castle called Mauriceburg which was heretofore the Village of Dâ—bredor In 981. it obtained its Character from Otho II. and took its present Name from four Salt Springs which are in it Once a Free and Imperial City but now exempted and subject to its Duke who is of the Electoral House of Saxony therefore called the Duke of Saxony of Hall who besides the adjacent Country has almost half Thuringia and some Places in the Dukedom of Magdeburg Schwabische Hall Hall en Suabe a small Imperial Free City in Schwaben which has been such ever since the year 1360. It is placed in the midst of steep Rocks and Mountains and had both its Name and Being from those Eleven Salt Springs which rise in it It is divided by the River Cocharus Cochar into the Upper and Lower Town which are joined by a Bridge This City was often taken and retaken in the great Swedish War It stands in the Dukedom of Wirtemberg of which it was once a part six German Miles from Hailbrun to the East nineteen from Franckfort on the Main and fifteen from Spire at almost an equal distance from the Rhine the Maine and the Danube Taken by the Mareschal de Turene in 1645. Hall in Inthall a German Town in Tyrol upon the River Inthall from which it has its Name two Miles from Inspruck to the East Hall or Haut a small Town in Hainault in the Confines of Brabant where is a famous Church dedicated to the Virgin Mary much frequented on the account of an Image of hers that is admired for doing of Miracles The Walls were pulled down in 1677. Justus Lipsius has wrote a particular Tract of the Miracles of this Virgo Hallensis or Image of the Virgin Mary of Hall Hall Ernolatia a Village in the Vpper Austria upon the River Krems six German Miles from Lintz Lentia to the South Hallandt Hallandia a part of South Gothland which was heretofore a Province of the Kingdom of Denmark but now under the King of Sweden ever since 1645. Bounded on the East and North with Westro-Gothia on the West with the Baltick Sea and on the South with Scania The chief Town in it is Helmstad This Province is extended from North to South sixty Miles upon the Baltick Sea but not above fifteen broad and was once a Dukedom Hallaton a Market Town in Leicestershire in the Hundred of Gartrey Halsted a Market Town in Essex in the Hundred of Hinckford Halderstein a small Seigniory in Switzerland near Coire Halydown or Haledon a Town in Northumberland upon the River Tine where Oswald King of Northumberland invoking Jesus Christ in 634. overthrew Edwal King of the Britains and thereupon embraced Christianity sending for Aâ—dan the Scot to teach him and his People and calling the place Heavenfield This Field has been since consecrated to Victory the Scots being beaten here by the English in 1331. and again in 1402. if Halydown and Haledon be the same places as I suppose they are Ham the same with Egypt Ham Hamum a small but strong City in Westphalia upon the River Lippe in the County of March in the Confines of the Diocese of Munster five German Miles from Munster to the South and fourteen from Cologn to the North-East between Dorsten to West and Lippestad to the East This City is under the Duke of Brandenburg yet a Hanse-Town taken by
Province of Kiangsi may furnish all China with a Breakfast but Huquang is able entirely to maintain it Hurepois Hurepoesium a District in the Isle of France between la Beause to the West la Brie to the East from which it is parted by the Seine and la Gastinois to the South This heretofore was a part of la Beause The Cities in it are Corbeil Castres and la Ferté Alais The Hurons are a People of North America in the Northern parts of New France towards a Lake of the same Name The River Des Hurons ariseth in the West of New France called also the River of the Otavacks a People bordering on the Hurons and runs a great way towards the North-East till at last it falls into the River of St. Laurence The Lake des Hurons is very great and in its extent resembles a Sea but the Waters are fresh it is seven hundred Leagues in Compass as the Inhabitants about it pretend the Lake of Illinia and the Upper Lake do both fall into it Huz the Country of Job between Syria and Arabia now Omps. Husum a City of Denmark in Jutland in the South part of the Dukedom of Sleswick near the Shoars of the German Ocean and Nort Strand an Island so called It has a most noble Castle built by the Duke of Holstein Gothorp in 1581. under whom it now is It stands a Gorman Mile and an half from Frederickstad to the North four from Sleswick to the West Some few years since it was fortified but the King of Denmark has slighted its Out-works Huy and Hu Huum Huyum Huyonum a Town of the Low-Countries in the Bishoprick of Liege in the Territory of Condrotz between Liege and Namur which has a Castle and a Stone Bridge over the Maez which here receives the River Huy which latter gives Name to it but ruined This place was taken by the French in 1675 and its Fortifications ruined It stands five French Leagues from Liege to the South-West and thirteen from Brussels to the North-East adorn'd with a Collegiate Church and divers others Hyesmes See Hiesmois Hyeres a Knot of small Islands on the Coast of Narbonne or Provence in the Mediterranean Sea See Hieres Hymburgh See Haynburgh Hymettus a Mountain of Achaia in Greece within a League of Athens and about seven or eight in circumference yielding plenty of odoriferous Herbs for the making of Honey which has been always in great esteem Some call it Monte-Matto by a corruption There are six Convents of Caloyers or Religious Greeks planted upon the sides of it The chief of which call'd by the Turks Cosbachi by the Greeks Cyriani since the Year 1455. when Mahomet II. took Athens and the Abbot of this House brought the Keys to him is exempt from all Taxes to the Port paying a sequine by way of homage Hythe one of the Cinqueport Towns in the County of Kent in Shepway Lath which Elects two Members of Parliament Hyrach Hyrcania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia heretofore bounded on the North by the Hyrcanian Sea on the East by Margiana on the West by Media and on the South by Parthia properly so called Now divided into two Provinces called Taberistan Mazenderan The. Hyreanian Sea Mare Hyrcanium takes this ancient well known Name from this Province but it is no less frequently called both in Ancient and Modern Geographers and Historians the Caspian Sea This Sea is called by various Names according to the Countries which do border upon it It was anciently called the Sea of Chosar from the eldest Son of Thâ—garma a Great Grand-child of Noah by Japhet Nubius in his Geography calls it the Sea of Tavisthan the Arabians Baharcorsum the Persians Kulsum as they do also the Persian Gulph The Greek and Latin Authors Mare Hyrcanium or Mare Caspium the Persians call it also the Sea of Baku the Muscovites Gualenskoi-More The Ancients generally thought it had a communication with the Indian Ocean which is not true for it has no communication with any other Sea in the World known and therefore may most properly be called the Mediterranean Sea this was known to Aristotle and Herodotus of old It s greatest extent is from North to South that is from Astrachan to Ferabath eight deg of the Equator or one hundred and twenty German Miles or four hundred and eighty English Miles its Breadth from the Province of Chuaresin to the Mountains of Circassia or Shirwan is six deg or ninety German Miles or three hundred and sixty English Miles The Waters are in the middle as salt as those of any other Sea whatsoever but it neither Ebbs nor Flows as all the rest do which have any Intercourse with the Ocean It hath in a manner never a safe Harbor upon it the best is Minkischlak or Manguslave on the side of the Grand Tartary The Water is of the same colour with that of other Seas it has but one Island in it and that lies towards Persia called Ensil which has never an House in it Thus far Olearius who Travelled over it in 1636. It is generally very shallow and flat therefore in Tempests dangerous to those that Sail upon it the Persians never trust to it and rarely go out of sight of the Shoar This Sea has on the North the Kingdom of Astrachan and Negaia on the East Chuaresm on the South the Kingdom of Persia and on the West Georgia it receives there above an hundred Rivers which fall into it many of which are very great as the Wolga the Araxis or Cyrus the Keisilosein the Bustrow the Aksay and the Koisu towards the North are the Rivers of Jaika and Jems towards the South and East the Nios Oxus and the Oxentes which Curtius calls Tanais Olearius assures us that in twenty days Travel between Roschot and Schamakap he crossed above fourscore Rivers great and small Hyth a Port in the County of Kent in Shepway Lath which has a Castle for its Defence upon the Streights of Calais between Dover to the North and Rie to the South two Miles from the first and five from the latter It elects two Members of Parliament J A. JAbesh-Gilead an antient Town of Judaea in the Territory of Gilead belonging to the Tribes of Israel All whose Inhabitants saving four hundred Young Virgins were by the Israelites put to the Sword for not assisting in the War against the Benjamites Judg. 21. 11. 12. In the Year of the World 2963. Nahash King of the Ammonites besieg'd it and refused to accept of its surrender otherwise than upon the condition of putting out the right eye of every one In the mean time Saul coming to their relief engaged Nahash defeated him and raised the Siege 1 Sam. 11. Jacatra a City and Kingdom in the Island of Jaâ—a in the East-Indies The latter is subject to the King of Bantam the other the same with Batavia the Hollanders under whom it is having so new-named it See Batavia Jacca an ancient City belonging to the Vascenes
are its principal Commodities See Senega La Ielle Gala a small River of France which falls into the Guaronne Iamagorod Jama a strong Castle anciently belonging to the Russ and accounted the Key of that Kingdom but in 1617 resigned to the Swedes It is seated on a River called Iamische Reck three German Miles from Narva in Livonia See Narva Iamaica a very great Island in North America first discovered by Columbus and called thus in Honor of S. James It was found out by him in his second Voyage to America whilst he sailed about Cuba In his third Voyage he suffered Shipwrack upon it and the Spaniards ungratefully designed to have suffered him to perish out of pure envy but he found the Natives more kind than they Whereupon he landed and fell to Plant it building the Town of Metilla which they deserted soon after and built Sevil ten Leagues more West In 1509 the Natives rebelled against Didacus the Son of Columbus but were subdued In 1590 the Spaniards built S. Jago and deserted Sevil. In 1638 one Jackson an English Man with a Fleet of English Privateers surprized and plundered S. Jago then left it to the Spaniards again The time being come when the Spaniards were to pay for their Ingratitude to Columbus and their Cruelty to the Natives some Millions of which they had barbarously murdered the English under Penn and Venables Landed here about twenty thousand strong being mostly necessitous Persons who had been undone by our then Tyrant and the Times May 3. 1655. The Spaniards unable to resist so great a force retired into the Woods and Fastnesses hoping to retrieve what they thus left by a Treaty but it proved otherwise For part of the English fell to Plant the rest to Privateer upon the Spaniards by which they got Wealth and the Fame of this so increased that many going over to them it became in a few years a very powerful Colony now able alone to manage a War against all the Forces the Spaniards have in the West-Indies This Island is situate between seventeen and eighteen degrees of North Lat. within the Tropicks in the Mare del Nort one hundred and forty Leagues North of the Main Continent of America fifteen South from Cuba twenty West from Hispaniola and one hundred and forty from Carthagena Nova It is of an Oval Form one hundred and seventy Miles long seventy in breadth and contains four or five Millions of Acres Nine hundred thousand of which were Planted in 1675. In the middle there is a lofty Chain of Mountains which run the whole length of the Isle from East to West from which spring plenty of pleasant and useful Rivers to the great refreshment and convenience of the Inhabitants It has a very rich fat Soil black and mixed with Clay except in the South-West Parts where it is generally a more loose Earth it every where answers the Planter's Care and Cost The Air is always serene and clear the Earth in her Summer Livery here being a perpetual Spring It has frequent Showers of Rain constant cooling Breezes of Wind from the East the Dews in the Night quicken the Growth of what is Planted so that it is the most delightful temperate healthful pleasant Island of all those in the West-Indies and will be extremely considerable when it comes to be thorowly Peopled The principal Towns in it are Port Royal built by the English S. Jago and Sevilla The Earl of Inchequin and the Duke of Albemarle two late Governours both of them here died Iamaistero or Jamaisoit a very large County in the West Part of the Island of Nivon or Niphonia belonging to Japan under which are ordinarily computed twelve Provinces or Kingdoms Iamama a City of Arabia Foelix upon the River Astan which falls into the Mouth of the Euphrates and Tigris about thirty German Miles South of Balsera Jamama stands towards the Borders of Arabia deserta two hundred and fifty Miles from the Persian Gulph to the West and seventy German Miles from Balsera to the South-West Long. 77. 30. Lat. 27. 00. Iamba a Province under the Great Mogul towards the River Ganges between Patna to the East Naugracut to the North Lahor to the West and Bakar to the South the City of Jamba from which it takes its Name stands eighty Miles from Ganges to the East towards Lahor Iamby or Jambis a Sea-Port Town and a Kingdom of no great extent in the Island of Sumatra towards the Eastern Part of it The Town stands towards Palimban within five or six Miles of the Sea driving a notable Commerce Iambol Joannipolis a City in Bulgaria Iamboli Chalcis Chalcidica Regio a Province in the North of Macedonia between Thessalonica the Arm of the Sea which runs up to it the Archipelago and Thrace The chief Towns of which are Thessalonica Amphipolis and Contessa Iames Bay a Bay in Virginia Iames Town Jacobipolis the principal City or Town in Virginia upon the River Pawhatan near its fall into the North Sea begun by the English about 1607 and honoured with this Name from King James I. § Another in the Country of Letrim in the Province of Connaught in Ireland so called from King James I. its Founder upon the Shannon well Walled but almost wholly ruined as to its Buildings in the Wars against King Charles the First and Second Iam-suqueam or Nanquin a River of China Iametz a strong place in Lorain yielded to the French King in 1632. It stands upon a little River in the Confines of the Province of Luxemburgh between Monmedy to the North and Damvillers to the South thirteen Miles from Metz to the West now dismantled Iancoma a Kingdom in the East-Indies beyond the Ganges under the King of Pegu it stands between the Rivers Mecon to the East and Menan to the West Ianeiro or Rio de Janaira a River the same with Ganabara in Brasil see Ganabara It gives its Name to a Province under the Portuguese in that Country whereof S. Sebastian is the Capital Ianiculus mons a Hill or Mountain beyond the Tiber in the vicinage of Rome yielding by its eminence an excellent prospect of that City and famous in History for the Sepulchre of King Numa Pompilius the encampment of Porsenna King of Etruria upon it whil'st he besieg'd Rome and for the Martyrdom of S. Peter Now call'd Montorio because its earth is of the colour of Gold Ianna a part of Greece some say Epirus others Thessalia Ianinnina Cassiope a City of Epirus Iannizari Promontorium Sigeium a Cape at the entrance of the Streights of Gallipoli or the Hellespont in Asia within half a League whereof the Rivers Scamander and Simois in an United Stream discharge themselves into the Ocean The Greeks wholly inhabit a plentiful Village upon it call'd by them Troyasis or Little Troy but by the Turks Giaour-kioy or the Village of Infidels this being the best Name the Turks give to Christian places where there are no Mosques The delightful Country of Troas is
thirty Miles from the Confines of the Kingdom of Poland to the South fifty from Soczow to the East and a hundred and twenty from Caminieck to the North-East It is not improbable this is the Augusta Dacâ—â— but the later Geographers are very much mistaken in placing it in Moldavia when it belongs to Walachia The Vaivode or Prince of these Countries for the most part resides here having suffered much from the Cossacks of later times the Turks maintained a strong Garrison in it The present King of Poland in 1686. marching this way against the Turks and Tartars possessed himself of it leaving a Garrison but before his return there happened so great a Fire that when he came he was forced to withdraw his Forces and leave it to the Walachians to be repaired Jati Bathis a River on the West of Sicily which falls into the Bay or Gulph of Amar on the North side twenty five Miles South of Palermo Java a great Island in the East-Indian Sea two hundred Leagues in length and near fifty in breadth On the West it has Sumatra on the East some other small Isles on the South the vast Ocean plays full upon it and on the North it has the Island of Borneo at the distance of forty five German Miles It is divided into nine Kingdoms the greatest of which is the Kingdom of Bantam and next the Kingdom of Materan The whole Island produceth great quantities of Spice and is on that account much frequented by the English and Dutch The Dutch had heretofore the Fort or City of Batavia in this Island not contented with this about 1684. joining with a Son of the King of Bantam then in Rebellion against his Father upon pretence of assisting him they seized the City of Bantam took Possession of the English Factory and all the Goods belonging to the English and kept the old King a Prisoner in the Castle of Bantam But finding there were several Attempts to restore him to his former Possession in 1686. the young King by the Advice of the Dutch removed his Captive Father to Batavia See Batavia The principal Cities of this Island are Balambuan Bantam Batavia or Jacatra Japara Jortan Materan once the Capital of the whole Panarucan Passarvan Saraboy and Tuban The Southern parts were never yet much sought into and so not much known It lies between 130 and 140 Long and 5 and 10 of Southern Lat. § There is another Island near this called the Lesser Java Jaur Jauriu a small River in Languedoc which riseth near S. Ponthois and falls into the Orba near the Castle of Pujols Javarin Jaurinum See Gewer and Raab Jawer Jauria a City of Silesia in Bohemia small but indifferently populous and the Capital of a Dukedom and has also an ancient Castle it lies not two Miles from Lignitz to the South and about nine from Breslaw to the West The Dukedom of Jawer lies between Lusatia to the West Bohema properly so called to the South the Dukedom of Lignitz to the North and that of Swyednitz to the East Jayck Rhymnus a River of the Asian Tartary which falls into the Caspian Sea between the Rha and Jaxartes Olearius placeth it in the middle of the North end of that Sea Jaziges by Ovid styled Jaziges acres and by the Writers of the middle Ages Jaziges Metanastes were an antient People of Sarmatia Europaea who being almost entirely exterminated thence by Boleslaüs the Chast King of Poland and Lescus in the years 1264 and 1282. retired in great numbers into the Vpper Hungary Jazzo See Laiazzo Jberia an antient Name of the Kingdom of Spain in Pliny and Strabo taken from the River Iberus Ebro § Likewise of a part of Georgia in Asia now called Gagheti See Georgia Jcaria a Mountain of Attica in Greece in the antient Tribe of Aegeus Jda a Mountain of Troas in Asia Minor at the foot of which stood the famous City Troy Athenaeus says nine Rivers derived their Springs from it Therefore Horace stiles it Ida undosa And Diodorus makes it to be the highest in the Neighbourhood of the Hellespont Hence the Idaeus sinus took its Name which was otherwise called Andramyttenus sinus and now le Golfe Andramytti § A Mountain also of the Island of Candia environed with Forests and inhabited heretofore by the People Dactyli Idaei Jdanhas Igaeaita a ruined City in Portugal Jddle or Iddel a River in the County of Nottingham upon which Redford is situated emptying it self Northward into the River Dun. Idafa a Branch of Mount Imaus Jdria a Town in the County of Goritia incompassed with Hills on all sides and seated upon a River of the same name Remarkable for the Quick-Silver Mines in it See Dr. Brown's Travels p. 82 83. It stands ten Miles from Goritia to the North-West Jducal Atlas Major a vast Mountain on the South of Barbary in Africa Jdumaea Edom the Country of the Edomites mentioned frequently in Scripture was a Kingdom of the antient Canaan betwixt Judaea properly so called the Stony Arabia and the Mediterranean Sea It s principal Cities Dinhabah Avith Pai Rehoboth 1 Chron. 1. 43. c. where see the list of the Kings and Dukes of Edom before the time of the beginning of the Israelitish Monarchy David afterwards conquered and garrisoned it 2 Sam. 8. 14. But in the Reign of Jehoram King of Judah the Edomites revolted and made themselves a King 2 Chron. 21. 8. 10. and joyned with the Chaldaeans under Nebuchadonezar in the Siege of Jerusalem Hyrcanus in the Ages following made War against them so effectually that he caused them to turn Jews They were of the Descendants of Esau Jefferkin Capernaum a City in Palestine Jehan-Abad See Delly Jempterlandt Jemptia a Province in the Kingdom of Sweden which has Angerman to the East Middlepad to the South Helsing to the West and Norway to the North. It belonged to the King of Denmark till 1645 and then by the Treaty of Bromsbroo was resigned to the Swedes There are three Castles but never a City in it Jena a small City in Hassia in Germany upon the River Saal over which it has a Bridge under the Duke of Saxon Weimar two German Miles from Weimar to the East nine from Leipsick to the North-East and three from Naumburg to the South It has a small University opened here in 1555 by the Dukes of Saxony and a Monastery of the Dominicans founded in 1286. The Valley about it yields plenty of Wine Jende or Pajende Jendus a Lake in the Province of Tavasthia in Finland Jendo Jedo or Yendo the capital City of the Empire of Japan in the Island of Niphonia at which the Emperor since his leaving Meaco keeps his Court. A vast and magnificent City upon the Banks of the River Tonkaw or Toukon and near a great Gulph yielding variety of Fish The Palace Royal is a work of state the Temples and the Palaces of the Nobility attract the admiration of Strangers There is one Street
the Sepulchre which till then had been reverenced by all Men but Jews Ever since this it has been in the Possession of the Mahometans as they at times prevailed one upon another It continued under the Sultans of Egypt till 1517 when Selim Emperor of the Turks took it from them and under this Family it is at this day called by the Turks Elkods that is the Holy City It is at this day the principal Place in Palestine seated saith Mr. Sandys on a rocky Mountain every way to be ascended except a little on the North with steep Descents and deep Valleys about it which do naturally fortifie it for the most part it is environed with other not far removed Mountains as if placed in the midst of an Amphitheatre On the East is Mount Olivet separated from the City by the Valley of Jehosaphat which also circleth a part of the North and affords a passage to the Brook of Kedron on the South is the Mountain of Scandal with the Valley of Gehinnon on the West formerly it was fenced with the Valley and Mountain of Gthon Mount Sion lay within the City which stood upon the South side of it on the East side of this Mountain stood the famous Temple and between the City and the Temple the King's Palace Mount Calvary which formerly lay without the City to the North-West is now well nigh the heart of it the visiting the Holy Sepulchre being the almost only reason why Jerusalem at this day has any being The Inhabitants of it are not many for the most part Monks and Religious Persons of all Nations miserably oppressed by the Turks who seek all opportunities to impoverish and injure them This City stands forty Miles from Joppe and the Mediterranean Sea a hundred and sixty from Damascus to the South three hundred from Grand Cairo to the North-East and four hundred from Alexandria commonly believed to have been built by Melchisedech and called Salem from him It had divers Names of old expressed in this Distich Solyma Lusa Bethel Hierosolyma Jebus Elia Vrbs sacra Jerusalem dicitur atque Salem For above eleven hundred years together this City was the Queen of the East None ever so sacred yet none ever hath suffered greater Profanations than it The Emperor Titus erected a Temple here to Jupiter Capitolinus and Adrian in derision both of Judaism and Christianity engraved a Swine upon the Gate of Bethlehem dedicated a Chappel to Venus upon Mount Calvary another to Jupiter in the place of our Saviour's Sepulchre and a third to Adonis in Bethlehem all which continued till the Reign of Constantine the Great See Bethlehem and Calvary The Church of Jerusalem is the Mother of Christendom sanctified by the Death of Christ the Descent of the Holy Spirit the Preachings of the Apostles a General Council of the Apostles in the year 49 or 50 and the Martyrdom of S. James its first Bishop The Council of Nice allowed this Church the style and dignity of a Patriarchate tho at the same time subjecting it in point of Jurisdiction to the Bishops of Caesarea But in 553. in the fifth General Council or the second of Constantinople that Subjection was reversed and not only the See of Caesarea but Scythopolis and Berytus were made subject to this Church After Christianity received its Restauration by the Arms of Godfrey of Bouillon Jerusalem bore the Title of a Kingdom which continued from the year 1099 to 1187. in the Persons of about eight Christian Kings from the said Godfrey with possession of the Lands and Rights of a Crown But Frederick II. and others after who enjoy'd the Title of Kings of Jerusalem possessed no Land in Palestine It lies in Long. 69. 30. Lat. 31. 20. according to Mr. Fuller Others say Long. 69. 00 Lat. 32. 44. Ieselbas Margiana a part of the Province of Chorasan in the Kingdom of Persia Iesi Aesium a City in the Marchia Anconitana in the Dominions of the Church which is a Bishops See immediately under the Pope it is but small and stands upon an Hill by the River Jesi six Miles from the Confines of the Dukedom of Vrbino twenty three from Ancona to the West Iesselmeer or Gislemere a City and Kingdom under the Great Mogul lying North of the Kingdom of Guzarat on this side the Ganges the City is great a hundred and twenty Miles from the River Indus to the East and the same from Guzarat to the North. The Kingdom lies amongst the Mountains Terra de Iesso or Yezo Essonis Terra a large Country towards China and Japan discovered by the Hollanders in 1643. It is joyned by some to the North parts of Japan by others separated from it by a Streight of fifteen Miles broad All agree it is of a great extent from East to West The chiefest City is Matzumay which is the Capital of a Province of the same name but no European having yet setled here it is very little known The later Voyagers have discovered a Streight betwixt Tartary and this Country which they call the Streights of Jesso Iesual another Kingdom belonging to the Great Mogul in the East-Indies betwixt the Kingdom of Patna with the River Ganges to the West and that of Vdessa with the Mountains to the East The chief City is Rajapour Iesupol a very strong Town and Castle in Podolia in Poland on the Confines of Pocuock upon the River Bistris Ieter Jatrus a River of Mysia in the Lesser Asia Ietsegen and Iesten or Jetsengo two considerable Territories or Provinces in Japan in the Island of Niphon subdivided into divers other Provinces Jetsegen has the Region of Quanto to the East and Jetson to the West The latter is bounded by Jamaisoit to the West Iex and Jexdi Hecatompylos a City of Persia If Hypaea one of the Hyeres Iglaw Iglova Iglavia Giblova a City of the Kingdom of Bohemia but in Moravia upon the River Iglaw on the Confines of Bohemia twenty four German Miles from Prague and ten from Lentz This City is reasonably well peopled Igliaco Peneius a River on the West of the Morea Ihor a City and Kingdom at the most Southern Point of the Promontory of Malacca in the East-Indies over against the Isle of Sumatra distant little more than one degree and a half from the Line in Long 129. 31. The King is a potent Prince in these parts The City Ihor is situated upon a River which falls into the Ocean near the Promontory of Sincapura where it has a good Port. Iksworth or Ickworth a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Thingo retaining in its Name says Mr. Cambden the memory of the antient Iceni who dwelt in a part of this County The remains of a Priory founded by Gilbert Blunt sometime Lord of the Town and of a Guildhall are yet extant A Pot of Roman Coyns bearing the Inscriptions of divers Roman Emperors was digged up here not many years since Ila Yla Epidia one of the Western
Isles of Scotland over against Cantyr in 56 deg of Lat. twenty four Miles long and sixteen broad plentiful in Wheat Cattle and Herds of Deer The principal Towns in it are Kilmany Dunweg and Crome besides which it hath divers Villages Ilchester a Market and Borough Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Tintinhull which returns two Burgesses to the House of Commons It stands upon the River Ill or Yeovel having heretofore sixteen Parish-Churches as a place of great Note Strength and Antiquity now reduced to two The County-Goal is kept here Iler Hilarus Ilarus a River of Schwaben in Germany which riseth in Tirol and running Northward watereth Kempten then falls into the Danube over against Vlm Ilerda Lerida Athanagia a fortified and strong City in Catalonia in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona seated upon the River Segre Sicoris three Leagues above its fall into the Ebro in the Confines of Arragon This City is mentioned in Livy as taken by Scipio and rendred famous for an Encounter near it between a General of Sertoris and Manilius Proconsul of Gallia where the latter was defeated with the loss of three Legions of Foot and 1500 Horse Ilion See Troja Ilfordcomb a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Branton Ill Ellus Hellus Hellelus a River of Germany which ariseth in Suntgow and passing through Alsatia watereth Mulhausen Ensisheim Colmar and Strasburg below which it falls into the Rhine Illyricum Illyris Illyria In the antient Geography of Europe this Country lay betwixt Pannonia to the North and the Adriatick Sea to the South divided into two parts Liburnia and Dalmatia whereof the first was subjected to the Romans a little before the second Punick War the other the Eastern part not till the Reign of Augustus It is now nigh wholly comprehended under Dalmatia and Sclavonia under the respective Dominion either of the Venetians or the Turks except the Republick of Ragusa and some Places more The Illyricus Sinus is now call'd the Bay of Drin and the Gulph of Venice Ilmen a considerable Lake in Russia towards Livonia on the South of the City Novogorod which disburthens it self into the Lake of Lagoda by a River which passeth on the East of that City called the Wolga Ilment Arabius one of the most considerable Rivers in the Kingdom of Persia it ariseth from the Mountains of Sibocoran in the Province of Sigistan and watering Mut Gilechi Racagi beneath Sistan it takes in the Sal beneath Sereng the Ghir beneath Chicheran the Ilmentel and beneath Pasir falls into the Arabick Ocean in Long. 106. 30. near Macran to the West Iltz or Izilz Ilza a small Town in the Palatinate of Sandomir in the Lesser Poland with a Castle which belongs to the Bishop of Cracow Ilmister a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Abdick Imaus is one of the greatest Mountains in the Greater Asia it begins at Mount Taurus near the Caspian Sea and running Southward through the whole Continent of Asia it divides the Asian Tartary into two parts and ends at the rise of the River Ganges where it again spreads it self East and West and becomes a Northern Boundary to the Empire of the Great Mogul or Indostan having performed a Course of 450 German Miles and taking various names from the Nations it passeth as Althai Belgan Dalanguer c. Imiretta or Imaretza a Kingdom in Gurgistan in Asia stiled by the Turks Pacha Koutchouc or a Little Principality is inclosed betwixt the Mountain Caucasus Mengrelia the Black Sea Guriel and Georgia properly so called About 120 Miles in length in breadth 60. Wooddy and mountainous yet not without its agreeable Valleys and Plains Mines of Iron and the Necessaries of Life Under a Prince of its own to whom heretofore Mengrelia and Guriel after their shaking off of the Yoke of the Emperors of Constantinople and Trebizond own'd Subjection but now together with them tributary to the Turk who obliges the King of Imireta every year to send him eighty Children as a Tribute There are three Fortresses in this Kingdom Scander towards the South and Regia and Scorgia towards the North near the River Phasis besides scattered Villages It s most valuable Commodities are Wine and Swine which makes it difficult here to observe the Laws of Mahometanism The Kings pretend to be descended of the race of King David Imzagor Claudius a Mountain in Stiria Immirenieni an antient People towards the South of the Kingdom of Persia of which History relates that they embraced Christianity in the Reign of the Emperor Anastasius about the year 500 and at their request had a Bishop sent amongst them Imola Cornelia Forum Cornelii Imola a City in the Dominions of the Church in Romandiola upon the River Santerno This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna of which Alexander VII was Bishop when in 1655 he was chosen Pope It is a fine and a populous City twenty Miles from Bononia to the East and twenty five from Ravenna Narses is said to have ruined and the Lombards to have repair'd it Caesar Borgia made himself Master of it in the Pontificate of Alexander the Sixth from which time it became subject to the Church Imperiati a small City in the Kingdom of Chili in America near a River of the same Name four Leagues from the South Sea said to be an Episcopal See under the Spaniards Inacho Apheas a small River of Epirus which watereth Larta on the South and falls into the Bay called the Gulph of Larta Index Vid. Indus India is taken for a considerable part of Asia commonly called the East-Indies to distinguish it from America which is called the West-Indies It is thought to be the Havilah in the Holy Scriptures by the Natives Indostan Bounded on the North with the Asiatick Tartary the Mountains of Imaus and Emodus on the East with the Kingdom of China on the South with the Indian Ocean and on the West with the Kingdom of Persia This Country consists partly in a vastly extended Continent partly in Islands some of which are very great That upon the Continent is divided into three Parts 1. The Empire of the Great Mogul or North India which is a part of India intra Gangem Indum and more peculiarly called Indosthan in this there are thirty five Kingdoms 2. The Peninsula of Malabar 3. The India extra Gangem In the India extra Gangem are four more considerable Kingdoms Pegu to the West Ava to the North Siam to the South and Cochinchina to the East each of which contains many particular or lesser Kingdoms in it The principal of the Islands are Borneo Ceylan Java Sumatra Celebes Mindano Luconia Hainan Pakan Gilolo the Moluccaes and Philippine Isles Many of these are so great as to be divided in many Kingdoms some of them have never been throughly discovered by the European Nations This Country extendeth in length from deg 106. to 159. of Long. and from deg 10. of
an half and from 37. deg and an half of Lat. to 46. and an half In every respect so delightful that divers Writers call it the Garden of Europe Watered by the Rivers Po Tanaro Garigliano Arno Reno Tiber Volturno c. Adorned with a great many magnificent handsome well built Cities divers Universities and more Bishopricks than any Country in the World besides Italica Heraclea a City of Asia Itching a River of Hantshire meeting with the River Test at their fall into the Sea near Southampton Winchester stands upon its Banks Ithaca an Island in the Ionian Sea near Cephalonica now called Isola del Compare and Val de Compare by the Turks Phiachi or Theachi And in Dionysius Africanus Nericia This was the Birth-place of Vlysses as Virgil hath it Sum patria ex Ithaca comes infoelicis Vlyssei Aen. 3. Iton Itona a small River of Normandy which washeth Eureux and then falls into the River Eure. Ituraea the ancient Roman Name of a Region in Palestine since called Bacar See Bacar In the time of our Saviour it was a Tetrarchate under the Government of Philip Herod's Brother The Inhabitants were a mixture of the Tribes of Gad and Reuben Itzeho Itzâ—hoa a small City in Holstein properly so called in the very Borders of Stomaria upon the River Stor two German Miles from the Eibe and Gluckstadt towards the South-East Iuanogrod a Castle in the County of Ingermanland near Narva from which it is parted only by the River Plausa Built and fortified by the Russ and conquered by the Swedes together with the Province in which it stands Iucatan or Yucatan a Peninsula in New Spain in North America within the Government of Mexico running into the North Sea betwixt the two Gulphs of Mexico and Honduras above two hundred and fifty Leagues in circuit Fertile especially in Cotton and planted with the Cities Merida Salamanca Valladolid c. It was first discovered by Francis Hernandez of Corduba and afterwards conquered by Francis Montege by a War of nine years in 1536. Iudea See Palestine Iudenburg a City of the Vpper Stiria upon the River Muer which falls into the Drave in the Borders of Hungary nine Miles above Gratz to the West and two from the Confines of Carinthia It is under the House of Austria and thought to be the ancient Sabatinca Norici Iudia Vdia Odiaa the Capital City of the Kingdom of Siam in the East-Indies where the King resides thirty Leagues from the Indian Ocean upon the River Menan In Long. 129. 00. Lat. 15. 00. And is a Place of great Trade Iudicello Amananus a River of Sicily which ariseth from Mount Aetna and passing through the City of Catania falls into the Ionian Sea after a Course of ten Miles Ivel a River of Bedfordshire falling into the Ouse upon which stand Biglesworth and Shefford Ivetot a Seigniory in the Paix de Caux in Normandy Said to have been erected into a Kingdom by King Clotaire I. in satisfaction for the Murder of Gautier Lord of Ivetot committed in the Church upon a Good Friday by King Clotaire's own hand Others write this is a Fable St. Ives a Borough and Market Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Penwith which returns two Burgesses to the House of Commons It has a Haven to the North or Irish Sea § A Market Town in Huntingtonshire in the Hundred of Hurstington upon the River Ouse over which it hath a fair Stone Bridge Said to be so called from S. Ivo a Bishop who about the year 600. preached Christianity throughout England and here died Ivette Iveta a small River of France which falls into the Orbe Iuhorsky or Juhora Jugra Juhra a Province in the North of Moscovy upon the White Sea It hath a City of the same Name Ivica Ebusus an Island on the East of Spain belonging to Majorca and seated between it and Spain only twenty Miles in compass with a secure Haven on its South side It affords great plenty of Salt and has no hurtful Creature in it The Bishop of Tarragona is the Proprietor of this Isle It is on all sides incompassed with Rocks or small Islands which make the approach to be very dangerous Iuine Junna a small River in Gastinois in France which arising near the Forest of Orleance and bending Northward takes in Estampes and some other small Rivers and falls into the Seyne at Corbie Some believe it to be the same with the River Yone and that it was called Estampes from the Town of that Name upon it Ivingo a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Colstow Iuliers Juliacum a City of Germany mentioned by Tacitus and Ammianus Marcellinus called by the Inhabitants Gulick See Gulick § Also the Name of a Dukedom in the Province of Westphalia between the Rhine to the East and the Maes to the West bounded on the North by Vpper Guelderland on the East by the Bishoprick of Cologne on the South by Eifall and the Bishoprick of Treves and on the West by the Dukedom of Limburg The River Roer divides it into two parts This from 700. was under Princes of its own to 1609. when upon the death of John William the last Duke there arose a contest between the Duke of Newburg and Brandenburg which in 1612. broke out into a War these two Dukes in the end dividing the Dukedom between them and entering a League for their mutual defence against who ever should annoy either of them in that which he possessed The Dukes of Saxony at the same time pretended a Right which though they never prosecuted yet they still reserve unto themselves Iuncto Tagrus a Mountain in the Kingdom of Portugal Iunnan Junnanum a great Province in the Kingdom of China in the South-West Borders towards the East-Indies on the North it is bounded by the Kingdom of Tibet and the Province of Suchem on the East it has Queycheu and Quamsi two other Provinces of China on the South the Kingdoms of Tunkim and Cochin-China and on the West the Kingdom of Pegu. The Southern parts of this Province have been conquered by the King of Tunkim and are in his hands It has its Name from Ynvam a vast City seated in Long. 131. 00. Lat. 25. 30. This Province contains two and twenty great Cities eighty four smaller and one hundred thirty two thousand nine hundred fifty eight Families Iunquera See Jonquera Iura a Mountain which divides France from Switzerland called by the Germans Iurten by the Swiss Leberberg and Leerberg It begins at the Rhine near Basil to the North extends to the Rhosne and the County of Beugey to the South having many different Names from the People by which it passeth That part which begins at the Rhosne four Miles from Geneva and lies between the County of Burgundy and Beugey is called le Credo afterwards it is called St. Claude about the rise of the River Doux it has the Name of Mont de Joux in the Borders of
the Hundred of Finsbury of which the Earl of Warwick bears the Title of Baron Kent Cantium is the most South-Eastern County of England on the North it is bounded by the Thames which parts it from Essex on the East and South it has the British Sea in part on the North and on the West it has Sussex and Surrey It is in length from East to West fifty Miles and from South to North twenty six Divided into five Lathes Sutton Aylesford Soray St. Augustine and Shepway wherein are four hundred and eight Parishes and thirty Market Towns That part which lieth towards the Thames is healthful but not fruitful the middle parts are both the Southern are very fruitful but not healthful The Thames the Medway the Stower the Tun and the Rother besides lesser Streams water it Some give this Character of it The Weald for Wood East Kent for Corn Rumney for Meadow Tenham for an Orchard Shepey and Reculver for Wheat Thanet for Barley and Hedcorn for Capons This Country was first conquered by Julius Caesar though not without Resistance in the years of Rome 696. and 698. fifty three years before the Birth of our Saviour being forced to a double Expedition against almost this single County As he began the Conquest of Britain here so did the Saxons Hengist erecting the Kingdom of Kent in the year of Christ 456. seven years after the first arrival of the Saxons Against the Danes the Kentish men did also great things and with much Courage and Patience repelled those Barbarous People When William the Conquerour had subdued all the rest of the Nation he was glad to come to a Composition with the Inhabitants of this County and to grant them their ancient Liberties and Customs Whence the Laws of Gavelkind obtain here to this day This County was also the first that imbraced the Christian Religion from Augustine the Monk in the year 568. Accordingly Canterbury is justly the Metropolis of the whole Kingdom of England as having been the first Fountain from whence the Christian Religion spread it self amongst the Saxons for as for the British or Welsh they had imbraced Christianity long before VVilliam the Conquerour in 1067. created Odo Bishop of Bajeux his half Brother Lord Chief Justice and Lord Treasurer of England Earl of Kent In 1465. Edward IV. created Edmund Grey Lord Ruthyn Lord Treasurer of England which Family still injoys this Honour Anthony II. the present Earl of Kent being the eleventh in this Succession Besides the Sea of Canterbury this County injoys a second Bishoprick which is Rochester and a great many populous rich Towns fafe Roads large and secure Harbours for Ships and whatever else is desirable in Human Life except a more serene Air. Kerci or Chierche Cercum a small Town at the Mouth of the Streights of Caffa upon the Euxine Sea belonging to the Precopensian Tartars Kerez See Keureuz Keriog a River in Shropshire which falls into the Dee above Bangor Kerka or Karka Titius a River of Dalmatia which washeth Sardona and Sebenico then falls into the Adriatick Sea eight German Miles North of Spalatro Kermen Germia a considerable City at this day in Thrace seated not far from Adrianople the Turks have here a Sangiack Kerry a County in the Province of Munster on the Vergivian or Western Ocean between the County of Clare to the North and the County of Cork to the South and East the Capital of which is Ardart Keschidag Olympius a Mountain of Misia in the Lesser Asia Kesmarckt or Keysermarkt Caesaropolis a Town of the Vpper Hungary at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains towards the Frontiers of the Kingdom of Poland Keswick a Market Town in the County of Cumberland in the Hundred of Allerdale near to which Black Lead is digged up in plenty It standeth in a Valley environed with Hills and has been formerly a famous Town for Copper Mines Kesâ—el or Cassel Castellum Menapiorum a Town in Brabant two Leagues beneath Roermond to the North between the Maes to the East and the Peel to the West seated upon the River Neerse which a little lower falls into the Maes Kettering a Market Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Huxton upon a Rivulet which falls into the Nen delightfully seated on an Ascent It has a Sessions-House for the Justices of Peace of the County Keureuz Keres Krais Chrysius Cusus a River of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary which ariseth in the Western Borders of Transylvania near Feltat and watering Giula a little above receiveth another Branch called by the same Name which passeth by Great Waradin both which Rivers being united fall into the Tibiscus or Tyesse at Czongrodt above Segedin One of these is called by the Germans Fekykeres which goes to Giula the other Sebeskeres Feky signifying White and Sebes Black Kexholm Kexholmia a Province of the Kingdom of Sweden in Finland which was heretofore under the Russ but conquered by the Swedes in 1617. It is the most South-Eastern part of Finland The Capital of this Province is Kexholm seated upon the Banks of the River Voxen near to the Western Shoar of the Lake of Ladoga which together with the Castle which is very strong was taken by Monsieur Pont de la Gardie a French Gentleman from the Russ in 1580. The year following this Gentleman took Narva and several other strong places for the Swedes from the Moscovites and was at last drowned in the River of Narva Keyserstul Forum Tiberii a small Town in Switzerland upon the Rhine over which it has a Bridge It lies in the County of Baden nine German Miles from Basil to the West and Constance to the East and belongs to the Bishop of Constance but is subject to the Canton of Zurick Kidwelly a Market Town in Caermarthenshire in VVales The Capital of its Hundred Khoemus Margiana a Province of the Kingdom of Persia See Margiana Kherman Kermoen Kermon or Kirman Carmania or Caramania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia with a City of the same Name Kiburgh a Castle in the Canton of Zurich upon the River Toss two Miles from Zurich to the East the Earls of which were heretofore of great Name This Castle was purchased by them of Zurich in 1452. Kiel or Kil Chilonium a City in the Dukedom of Holstein under the Duke of Holstein upon the Mouth of the River Swentin having a convenient Port upon the Baltick Sea much frequented by Merchants Ships there belongs to it a Castle seated on a Hill and an University opened here in 1665. The Convention of the States of Holstein are usually held here This City stands nine German Miles from Lubeck to the North ten from Flensborg to the South and tho very well fortified has of late suffered very much from the Swedes Kiengara See Gangra Kienning a great City of the Province of Fokien in China and the Capital of a Territory of its own Name commanding six other Cities It is adorned with a magnificent Pagod or
Temple and stands upon the River Min over which it has a Bridge Kil Gelbis a River in the Bishoprick of Treves which falls into the Maes three Miles beneath Treves having watered Kilburgh and some other small Towns Its Rise is in the Dukedom of Limburgh Kildare Kaldaria Kildariensis Comitatus a County in the Province of Leinster in the Kingdom of Ireland which has the County of Dublin on the East the Kings County on the West the County of Meath to the North and that of Catherlach to the South The principal Town of it is Kildare This Town was taken by the Duke of Ormond in the Year 1649 from the Parliament Forces and retaken in a few Months after by Hewson The same has the honour to be an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Dublin Kile Covalia a County in the West of Scotland upon Dunbritaâ—n Fyrth over against the Isle of Arran Kilgarran a Market Town in Pembrockshire in VVales The Capital of its Hundred Kilham a Market Town in the East Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Dickering on the Woulds yet a good soil for Corn. Kilia Collatia Insula Achillea a City of Mysia Kilkenny Kilkennia Oseria a City of Ireland in a County of the same Name in the Province of Leinster in the Confines of the Province of Munster the Seat of the Bishop of Ossory a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Dublin and the Capital of the County in which it stands It is a great and a strong City placed upon the Banks of the River Nure ten Miles from Cashel to the North East fifty five from Dublin to the South West and twenty eight from Waterford to the North. The most populous rich and well traded in-land Town in the whole Kingdom of Ireland it took its Name from one Canic who leading here a solitary life was in great esteem for Holiness amongst the Irish whence the place was called by them Cell-Canic quasi Cella Canici or Canicks Church This consists of two parts the Irish Town in which is Canic's Church the Cathedral and the English which was built since it is now the principal part the former only a Suburb to it It was walled by K. Talbot a Noble Man and the Castle built by the Butlers This City was the Fountain and Head of the late Irish Rebellion the very Centre from whence all the Lines of Treason against the King the Nation and the Religion of Ireland were drawn the Seat of their Council or Committee from whence the Conspirators sent out their Orders It was also one of the first in the Punishment for Cromwell having taken Drogheda marched to Kilkenny and besieged it and after a short but sharp Resistance took it upon Articles in eight days time in the month of June 1650. The Committee being fled before his coming to Athlone in Conaught whither their Calamities followed them After the Fight of the Boyne Kilkenny was readily submitted to the Duke of Ormond who has a Noble Seat in it and made the Head-Quarter for the Forces of K. William in this part of the Country § The County of Kilkenny is bounded on the West by the Province of Munster and County of Tipperary on the North by Queens Courty on the East by Catherlach cut off from it by the River Boyne and on the South by the County of Waterford The River Nuro divides it from North to South and afterwards falls into the River Boyne at Rosse The City of Kilkenny stands almost in the Centre of the County which the Learned Dr. Bates makes to consist of three parts whereas Mr. Cambden gives it only two Killair the same with Kildare Killian Celenius a River of Scotland Killaloo Killala a small City and Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tuam in the Province of Conaught in the County of Mayo twenty four Miles from Gallway to the North. Kilmalock Killocia a small City in the Province of Munster in the County of Limerick eighteen Miles from Limerick to the South This was taken by Hewson in 1650. And gives the title of a Baron Kilmar an Arm of the Sea in Munster which lies between Dingle and Bantry Kilmore Kilmora a small City in the Province of Vister in the County of Cavan which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Armagh by the appointment of Pope Nicholas V. in 1454. It stands upon Ninty in the Confines of Conaught and Leinster thirty two English Miles from Drogheda to the West and forty one from Armagh to the South-West The Irish call this City Chilmhor § Kilmore a small City in the County of Knapdaile upon the Bay of Fynn forty Miles from Dunbritain to the North-West Kimbolton a Market Town in Huntingdonshire in the Hundred of Leightenstone adorned with a Castle belonging to the Earl of Manchester to whom it gives the title of a Baron Kingchieu a City of China and a Province also See Queicheu Kings-County a County of Ireland in the Province of Leinster bounded on the West by Conaught and the County of Gallway on the North by Meath on the East by Kildare and on the South by Queens-County The principal Town in it is Kings-Town Regiopolis seated upon the River Esker which falls into the Boyne twenty Miles from Athlone to the East and forty from Dublin to the West Kingsbridge a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Stanborough Kingsbury Kingnesburia there are of this Name several small Towns or Villages in England Of which we take notice only upon the occasion of a Council held at a place so called in 851. under the reign of Bertulph King of the Mercians Kingsclere a Market Town in the County of Southampton The Capital of its Hundred Kingston a Market Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred upon the Thames over which it has a Bridge famous heretofore for the Coronation of the Saxon Kings from whom it received the Name of Kingstown but before called Moreford and also for a Castle belonging to the Clares Earls of Gloucester The County Assizes are held here In the Year 838. there was a Council assembled at it under the Reign of Egbert K. of the West-Saxons This Town is called for distinction Kingston upon Thames There being § Another Kingston in the East-Riding of Yorkshire at the fall of the Hull into the Humber called Kingston upon Hull built by K. Edward I. with a Harbour to it a Custom-house and Key two Parish-Churches together with Walls Ditches Forts Block-houses and Castles which render it capable of a strong defence The same has the honour and privilege to be both a Borough-Town and a County Corporate giving the title of Earl to the Right Hon. William Pierrepont See Hull Kinsale Kinsalia a Town and Port of the County of Cork in the Province of Munster on the River Ban near the Ocean fifteen Miles from Cork to the South This Town was seized by D' Aquila a Spaniard in 1601 with two thousand Soldiers in favor of that dangerous Rebel
and Conflans upon it stands Luxevil which is about six Leagues from Langres to the East Lantriguet See Treguier Lanzano See Lanciano Lanzerote or Lanzarotta Pluitalia one of the Azores or Canary Islands which lies in Long. 4. Lat. 27. 40. The Kingdom of Lao or Laos in the East Indies is bounded by the Kingdoms of Tunquin to the East Cambaia to the South Siam and Pegu to the West and Ava to the North. Of great strength against Invasion from the Mountains surrounding it Fruitful temperate and very healthful under a King heretofore tributary to China but now absolute who receives the Tributes of divers petty Kings as their Soveraign It is divided into seven great Provinces governed by Viceroys and watered by the Mother of Rivers as they call it the River Lao which springing from about the high Mountains of the Province of Junnan upon the Frontiers of China divides into two great Rivers some Leagues from Lao whereof one passes West by Pegu to the Gulph of Bengale the other expands it self in divers Branches throughout all Lao cutting the same in two from North to South The Capital City is Langione in 18 deg of Lat. The King of Tonquin attempted not long ago to unite this Kingdom with his own but not with success It has been a Kingdom since the year 600 before which it was a sort of a Republick and before that a Member of the Kingdom of China Laodicea See Eskihisar Laudichia and Lyche Laon Laudunum Lugdunum Clavatum a City in Picardy in France which is commonly pronounced Lan. It is great and very well fortified and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rheims Baudrand placeth it in the Isle of France on a high Hill but in the borders of Picardy of which he saith it was once a part ten Miles from Rheims to the North-West and twenty eight from Paris to the North-East The Bishop is always one of the twelve Peers of France and a Duke The Diocese belonging to this City is called Laonnois or Lannois It is bounded on the North with Tierache a part of Picardy on the East by Champagne and on the South and West with Soissonne it takes this name from the principal City Some French Synods have been assembled here Lapord Lapurd Labord more commonly called Bayonne See Bayonne Lapathios Lapithus a City at the North end of the Isle of Cyprus which is yet a Bishop's See and retains the Greek Rites It is very ancient and called Lapethos by Pliny and Lapatho by Strabo Lapithae an antient People of Thessalia dwelling in the Country about Larissa and the Mountain Olympus Ovid styles them Sylvestres Virgil ascribes to them the Invention of Bridles Lapland Lapponia Lappia called by the Inhabitants Lapmarck by the Swedes Sabmienladti by the Germans Laplandt by the Moscovites Loppi and by the French Laponie It is the most Northern part of Scandinavia first mentioned by Saxo Grammaticus about the year of Christ 1190. Bounded on the North with the Frozen Sea or the North Ocean on the West with the Kingdom of Norway on the South with Bothnia and Finia two Provinces of Sweden and on the East by the White Sea It was heretofore divided into three Kingdoms and is now at this day divided between three Princes the Emperor of Moscovy the King of Sweden and the King of Denmark of which the King of Sweden has the greatest share Johannes Schefferus lately put out a very exact Account of these Countries towards the North and East it is extreamly Mountainous and barren but the South is more level and well watered with Rivers and Lakes There have been not long since found in it Mines of Brass Iron Silver and Lead besides divers sorts of precious Stones As this is one of the Hyberborean People who are buried the greatest part of the year in Snow and Darkness so they are extreamly Rude Ignorant Poor and Barbarous so fearful that they will start and be in a fright at the noise of a Leaf infamous for Witchcraft and Conjurations yet Christians in Profession and so revengeful that they will throw themselves sometimes into a River to perish willingly with one they hate in their Arms if they can but so destroy him The more Northern are the most barbarous Lar Laria a great and magnificent City in that Province of the Kingdom of Persia which gives name to a Kingdom seated in the Confines of Caramania upon the River Tisindon a hundred and seventy Miles from Ormus to the North-East but in the later Maps it is placed only forty German Miles from Ormus and on the West side of the River Monsieur Thevenot gives a large Account of this Town in the second part of his Travels cap 4. to whom I refer the Reader It lies Long. 93. 40. Lat. 27. 40. Mr. Herbert saith it consisted of about two thousand Houses and had had five but lost three thousand in an Earthquake It is as he saith famous for nothing but its Castle built at the North-end on an aspiring Mountain and stored with the Cannon brought from Ormus § The Kingdom of Lar took its name from the last mentioned City lying near Ormus and the entrance of the Persian Gulph Schah Abbas King of Persia annexed this to the rest of his Dominions in the end of the last Century viz. in 1596. by a Conquest of the Guebres who were before Masters of it and were Governed by a Prince of their own stiled King of Lar the last of which was slain by the Persians with all his Progeny to secure this barren and poor Kingdom to the King of Persia The Water of this Kingdom is extream bad and unhealthful as both Herbert and Thevenot agree the Soil barren and sandy and they both say also that in this Kingdom there are a vast number of Jews But Mr. Herbert saith That there is neither River nor Rivolet near the City of Lar by a hundred Miles and Thevenot they had nothing but Cistern-Water to drink which was subject to Corruption which seems to confirm Mr. Herbert's Report See Herbert pag. 52. Thevenot Part. 2. pag. 131. § Ptolemy mentions an Arabian River Lar Now called Om. See Om. Larache L'Haris or Arays Lixa a Town in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa in the Province of Asgar at the mouth of a River of its own name call'd by Castaldus Lusso by the Italians Fieume di Larach in Silius Italicus Lixus towards the Atlantick Ocean between Cape Spartel and Mamera taken from the Spaniards by the Moors in November 1689. after a Siege of three months mutually asserted and resisted with extraordinary Bravery Larad or Lara a Town in Old Castile in Spain upon the River Arlanza at the foot of the Mountains remakable in the Spanish History for giving name to the Family de Lara which once had seven Sons all Knighted in a day Laranda a City of Cappadocia called by the same name it now has by Ptolemy and Strabo It is a Bishop's See under the
River Rhosne between Switzerland to the North and Savoy to the South Called by those who live near it the Lake of Geneva by the Germans das Genfferzee by the Italians illago di Genevra extending from East to West about nine German Miles and about two over where it is broadest the Rhosne enters it at Noville and goes out at Geneva in the most Western end of it It is surrounded with good Towns the principal next Geneva is Lausanne on the North by the name of which this Lake is somtime called Lemburgh Luwow Leopolis a great and populous City of the Kingdom of Poland the Capital of Red Russia which was made an Archbishops See instead of Halitz or Haliotz in 1361. by Pope Vrban V. It stands amongst the Hills upon the River Peltew which with the Bug falls into the Vistula a little above Ploczko and is very strong being walled and fortified with two Castles one within the City the other without It was built by Leo Duke of Russia who flourished about 1280. In 1648 belleged by Chieilneck General of the Cossacks without any success In 1672. the Turks took it and soon lost it for in 1673. Michael King of Poland died in it This City stands fifteen Miles from Premislia to the East a little less from the Carpathian Hills to the North and about fifty from Warsaw to the South-East Lemgow Lemgovia a small City in the Circle of Westphalia in the County of Lippe which was once a Free Imperial City but now exempt and under the Count of Lippe It stands upon the River Begh five Miles from Minden to the North and Paderborne to the South and nine from Lippestad to the North-East Lemington a Market Town in the County of Southampton and the Hundred of Christ Church by the Seaside § There is another Lemington a Parish in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Knightlow remarkable for two Springs within few Foot of each other the one Fresh the other Salt yet at a great distance from the Ocean and of different Operations Lemnos an Island in the Archipelago See Staliment Lemâ—ta a Town and Desart in Libya now Zaara in Africa Lencicia or Lanscher Lancicia Lancicium a City of Poland the Capital of a Palatinate called by the Poles Lenczyc from this City which they call Lenczyckie It lies in the Greater Poland in a Marshy Ground upon the River Bsura not above ten Miles from the River Warte the same distance from Gnesna to the East and thirty from Warsaw to the West There belongs to it a Castle built on a Rock and in 1656. this City suffered much by Fire Divers Polish Councils have been Celebrated at it Lendrosia one of the Islands on the West of Scotland Lenham a Market Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath at the Spring of the River Stewer Lenox Lenoxia Levinia a County in the North of Scotland through which the River and Lake of Lomond passeth on the East it hath the County of Menteith on the South Cunningham cut off by Dunbriton Fyrth on the West Argile and on the North Albania This County has the Honor of being a Dukedom which Title has been born by several of the Royal Line of Scotland The principal Town in it is Dunbritown Lens Lentium Lendum Lenense Castrum Nemetacum a small Town in Artois upon the River Souchets three Leagues from Arras to the North and four from Doway to the West The French besieged this small place in 1647. but by the loss of their General le Gasse slain by a shot whilst he was plucking at a Palisadoe they were forced to leave it near this place the French gave the Spaniards a great overthrow in 1648. and after possessed themselves of it to whom the Pyrenaean Treaty confirmed it in 1659. The Town has been fortified but was some years since slighted and dismantled Lentini Leontina a very ancient City in the Isle of Sicily in the Valley of Netina on the Eastern Shoar Heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Syracuse whilst Syracuse was the Metropolis of the Island under the Greek Emperors It is now pretty considerable and populous but very confusedly built A place of greater Antiquity than Syracuse and perhaps than any other City now in the Island It stands five Miles from the Sea to the West and ten from Catania to the South-West Lenza Nicia a River of Italy which springing from the Apennine runneth North and parteth the Dukedom of Parma from that of Modena then falls into the Po at Barsello eight Miles from Parma to the North. Leominster or Lemster a Market and Borough Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Wolphey upon the River Lug of chief Note for fine Wheat Flower and Wooll Leon Legio Germanica Sublanco a City of Spain in the Astures built in the Reign of Nerva the Emperor It is now called by the Inhabitants Leon or Leone a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella so far exempted that he acknowledgeth no Metropolitan but the Pope and the Capital of the Kingdom of Leon ever since 658. It stands at the bottom of an Hill by the Fountains of the River Esla very great but not much peopled twelve Miles from the Ocean to the South and twenty one from Valedolid to the North-West It was Recovered from the Moors in 722. and is adorned with one of the most beautiful Cathedrals in Spain § There is another City in New Spain in America called Leon by the Spaniards and Nagarando by the Natives which being the Capital of Nicaragua the Province in which it stands is sometimes called Leon de Nicaragua This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico by a Lake of the same name about 12 Leagues from the Shoars of the Pacifick Ocean and 18 from New Granada to the East The Kingdom of Leon and Oviedo Legionense Regnum hath on the East the County of Biscay on the North the main Cantabrian Ocean on the South Castile and on the West Gallicia It has its name from Leon and Oviedo the two chief Cities in it This is the most ancient Kingdom in Spain and began about 717. being more anciently called Asturia from the Astures an old People who possessed it It is mountainous and full of Woods divided in two by the River Duero about fifty five Leagues long from North to South and forty broad Augustus Caesar was the first Roman that conquered it The Goths after five hundred years free possession of it outed the Romans and after four hundred more the Saracens did as much for the Goths but they the Saracens did not long enjoy it this being the first Kingdom the Christians recovered from them under the Command of Pelagius a young Prince of this Nation about 717. It continued a separate Kingdom under twenty nine Princes till in 1228. Ferdin III. annexed it to Castile he being married to Berenguela second Sister of Henry King of Castile tho in prejudice of Blanch the eldest Sister married to
Lavori fifteen Miles South of Naples Leucate Leucata a small Town in Languedoc in the Confines of Roussillon seated upon a Lake of the same name it had heretofore a Castle built by Francis I. upon an inaccessable Rock very strong which is now destroyed near this place the Spaniards received a great overthrow by the French in 1637. Leuchtemberg Leuchtemberga a Castle in Nortgow in the Dukedom of Bavaria which is the Capital of a Langravate seated upon an Hill near the River and Town of Pfreimbt one German Mile from the River Nab. The Territory is but small that belongs to it yet was subject only to its own Landgrave till 1646. when the Males of that Family failing it fell to the Elector of Bavaria who still has it Leucosa Leucosia or Licosa a small Island in the Sea of Tuscany near a Cape of its own name called Capo della Licosa The Ancients have not omitted the mentioning of it Leuctra an ancient City of Boeotia in Greece supposed to be the present Maina by some Geographers famous in History for the Victory of Epaminondas over the Lacedaemonians in the one hundred and second Olympiad and the year of Rome 383. Cleombrotus the Lacedaemonian General was there slain Leudrac Vuldraca a small River of France in Autunois in the Dukedom of Burgundy Leverano a Principality in the Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples near the City Lecca Leuvin a Lake and a Castle in the South part of Scotland in the County of Fife this Castle belonged to the Dowglasses Earls of Morton In it the famous Princess Mary Queen of Scots and Dowager of France was imprisoned by her own Subjects in 1567. There is also a River of the same name which falls into the Fyrth of Edenburgh by Wemmis Castle Leutkirchen or Leutkirch Ectodurus a small Imperial Free City in Schwaben in Germany upon the River Eschach which a little lower falls into the Iler which last falls into the Danube at Vlm three German Miles from Memmingen to the South ten from Vlm and six from the Lake of Constance to the East in the Territory of Algow Leutmeritz Litomerinm or Litomiersca a City of Bohemia called by the Inhabitants Litomiersk by the Germans Leutmeritz and Letomeritz It stands upon the Elbe eight Miles from Prague to the North and ten from Dresdin This was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Prague by Pope Alexander VII in 1655. This City is the Capital of one of the Seventeen Praefectures of the Kingdom of Bohemia Leutomissel or Littomissel Litomascum an Episcopal City of the Kingdom of Bohemia in the Praefecture of Chrudim Leuwentz a Town in the Government of Newhausel but in the County of Gran in Hungary upon the River Gran six Miles from the City Gran to the North. General Souches put the Turks to a Rout here in 1664. Leweck Levecum the Capital of the Kingdom of Cambay in the East-Indies Lewes a Town in Sussex esteemed one of the biggest in that County In 1263. here was a bloody Battel near this place between Henry III. and the Barons in which the Barons prevailed at last against the King and forced him to a disadvantageous Peace This Town is in the South part of the County upon a River that hath no Name almost six Miles from the Sea-Shoar to the South twenty five from Winchelsey to the West containing six Parish Churches The Assizes are commonly kept here At the Rivers Mouth is New-Haven some years since made secure for the harbouring of Ships It returns two Members of Parliament and is the Capital of a Rape Lewemberg See Lawenburg and Lemburg Lewis Logus Haraia a great Island on the West of Scotland which extends almost from 58 to 59 deg of Lat. and lies sixty five English Miles directly West from Row-stoir Assyn the most Western Cape of Assinshire in Scotland This is the largest of all the Hebrides said to be sixty Miles in length and thirty broad The Inhabitants of this and all the other Western Isles do much resemble the Wild Irish being rude uncivilized and will hardly indure any Government or Law belonging heretofore to the Kingdom of Norway they were by Magnus King of that Country sold to Alexander III. King of Scotland and never thought worth the disciplining Lewroux Leroux Leprosium a small City in le Berry in France two Leagues from Bourges to the West Leybnitz Savaria Polybianum once a City of the Vpper Pannonia now a small Village of Stiria upon the River Sack which a little lower falls into Mure four German Miles from Gratz to the East Leyden Lugdunum Batavorum is a great City in the State of Holland mentioned by Ptolemy and Antoninus It is seated upon the old Stream of the Rhine and is the Capital of Rheinlandt near the Lake of Harlem three Leagues from Delft and seven from Amsterdam Dort and Vtretcht Perhaps the most populous and wealthy City in all Holland next Amsterdam In the Roman times the Praetor of the Empire for the Belgick Gaul resided here with one of the Legions It is situate in a plain and low Country and has many Channels of Water passing through it so that the City is divided into thirty one Islands joined by one hundred forty five Bridges each to other one hundred and four of which are built with Stone There lie about it most beautiful Meadows and Gardens and the Air is reputed the best of all Holland As this was one of the first Cities which revolted from the Spaniards in 1572. so it was one of the first also that felt their fury For they having besieged Harlem in 1573. without success in the year following sat down before Leyden and had reduced it to great extremity when the Prince of Orange letting loose upon them the Waters which the Dams restrained before by the same Stratagem brought relief to Leyden and ruin on the Spanish Army the year following February 8. 1575. He opened the University there to reward their Valor and recompence their losses to which there has been added an excellent Library a Physick Garden and a Hall adorned with many Rarities of Anatomy-Antoninus gives this City the Title of Caput Germanorum Leye Legia a River in the Low-Countries called by the French Lis. It ariseth in Artois by the Castle of Lisburg and watering Airen and S. Venaut enters Flanders at Stegers then passeth by Armentiers Menene and Cortryck to Gaunt where it falls into the Schelde Leyne Lynius Leinius a River in the Lower Saxony which ariseth in the Territory of Eisfeld or Eschfeld near Heiligenstad and flowing through the Dukedom of Brunswick by Gottingen Lymbeck and Alfeld at Saxstede it entertains the Inders and so by Hannover and Newstad falls into the Aler. This River in the old Maps is called Rhum Leypsick Lupfurdum Lipsia Lypsiae a City of Germany in Misnia in the Lower Saxony which has a celebrated Mart upon the River Pleiss under the Elector of Saxony twelve German Miles from Dresden
Capital of that Kingdom to the North and Malaca to the South three hundred and eighty Miles from either it has a good Harbour Ligorne Livorno Ligurnus Liburnus portus Leghorn an ancient and celebrated Sea-Port mentioned by Polybius Antoninus and Cicero It is called by the Italians Livorno by the English Legorne by the French Ligourne seated in the Territory of Pisa on the West of Italy under the Dominion of the Duke of Florence in a Plain fifteen Miles from Pisa to the South ten from the Mouth of the Arno forty from Piombino to the North and sixty from Florence to the South-West There belongs to it a large and a safe Haven very much frequented by Merchants the Great Duke to secure the Wealth and Trade of it has built three strong Forts upon it This City belonged heretofore to the States of Genoua Cosmus de Medices Duke of Florence had it from them in exchange for Serezana being then a poor despicable Village not much inhabited by reason of the unhealthfulness oâ— the Air corrupted by the Marshes near it Francis and Ferdinando two of his Successors having improved its condition by making it a Free-Port at a time when the Genouse had excessively inhansed their Imposts upon the Merchants built the three Forts and walled the Town and built in it also a Noble Palace for the Governour and for the Reception of Foreign Ambassadors with a large Arsenal or Magazin It has two Havens the greater is extreamly large safe and convenient for Ships of any Burthen the lesser called Darsi is of some use for smaller Ships See Du Val Voyage d Ital. Liguria a part of the ancient Gallia Cisalpina in Italy now contained in the States of Genoua Liiflandt See Livonia Lilers Lilerium a Town in Artois upon the River Navez seven Leagues from Arras to the North. Lille L'Isle Insula Insulae a City in Flanders called by the Inhabitants Lyssel by the English Lisle by the Italians Lida is the Capital of Flandria Gallica a great strong populous place well Traded upon the River Deuller Lewis XIV the present King of France took this from the Spaniards in 1667. It lies five Leagues from Ypre to the South six from Doway four from the Borders of Artois and five from Tournay Built by Baldwin IV. Count of Flanders in 1007. Baldwin the Pious his Son being born here favoured it very much and on that account walled it in 1066. and built in it also a magnificent Church and a delicate Monastery There is saith L. Guicciardin a good Castle in it and the Ruins of an old one called Buck where the Governours for the ancient French Kings resided which were then instituted the Forestexs of Flanders This City was taken and burnt by Philip II. King of France about 1185. Being rebuilt it was again taken and harassed by Philip IV about 1304. Since then it is much increased saith the same Author by the Industry of the Inhabitants who imploy themselves moâ—â—ly in weaving Silks so that it is raised to be the third City in the Low-Countries after Antiverp and Amslerdam and frequently called in French La petit Paris for its Beauty The French had it confirmed to them in 1668. by the Treaty of Aix la Chapelle It is the Head of a large Chattellany containing divers Villages and strongly fortified § Also a pleasant Town in the County of Venaissin in Provence five or six Leagues from Avignon and about the same from Carpentras in a fruitful Country surrounded by the River Sorgue like an Island and thence called L'isle Lille Illa a River in Aquitain in France which ariseth in the Province of Limosin and flowing through Perigord watereth Perigeux Vesima the Capital of that County and Mucidan at Coutraz it entertains the Dormia from Aubeterre then a little beneath Lisbourne falls into the Dordonne seven Miles above its conjunction with the Garonne Lillebonne or Islebonne Islebonna Juliobona a Town in the Paix de Caux in Normandy in the Diocese of Rouen giving Name to a Branch of the House of Lorrain In the year 1080. the Bishops of Normandy were assembled in a Council here in the presence of William the Conquerour King of England at which the Archbishop of Rouen presided Lillo Lilloa a strong Fort built by the Hollanders upon the Schelde two Leagues beneath Antwerp to the North one above Santvliet or Sanflit to the South and four from Bergen op Zoom At this Fort all Ships that pass up the River to Antwerp are by the Treaty of Minister to stop Lima or Ciudad de Los Reyes Lima the Capital of the Kingdom of Peru a beautiful great well traded City and the See of an Archbishop Built in 1535. by Francis Pizarro a Spaniard in the Valley of Lima called by Natives Rimac The Viceroy of Peru resides here which with other Advantages hath made it very great rich populous and beautiful though it be all built with Timber and an open unwalled Town They compute about five thousand Spaniards and forty thousand Negroes in it a great number of Ecclesiastical Buildings as Churches Convents Colleges and Hospitals and a stately Palace Royal wherein the Vice-Roy keeps his Court. It stands upon a River of the same Name one Mile from the Pacifick Ocean two from its own Harbor called Callao de Lima one hundred and twenty from Cusco the old Metropolis of this Kingdom as Jo. Laei saith It is under the King of Spain and had an University opened in 1614. Long. 296.40 Lat. 23.30 A dreadful Earthquake Octob. 30. 1687. overthrew most of the Buildings both publick and private and buried above a thousand Inhabitants in the Ruins The Ecclesiasticks of Peru have celebrated two or three Councils here Lima Lamia a River in Portugal which washeth the Town of Viana de Foiz de Lima six Leagues from Braga to the West and then falls into the Ocean Limagne Limane Limania or Alimania a small Territory in Auvergne which for the greatest part is contained in that Province It is very well watered and wonderfully fruitful being a Plain upon the River Allier extending from North to South twelve Miles near and below Clermont Limat Limmat Limagus Lindemagus a River in Switzerland which ariseth in the County of Sargans or Sarganzerlandt and runneth North through the Lake of Riva and that of Zurich after which it watereth Zurich and Baden and a little lower falls into the Aar the chief River of Switzerland Limburg a Dutchy and Town in the Low-Countries The Dutchy though one of the Seventeen Provinces is not great It lies between the Duthcy of Juliers to the East and North and the Bishoprick of Liege to the West and South It had heretofore Dukes of its own but upon the Death of Walrame the Third by Dr. Heylin called Henry in 1285. Adolph the next Heir sold it to John Duke of Brabant who pretended at the same time a Right to it as descended from Margaret Daughter of Henry Duke of Limburgh in 1172 married
it It is not very great but as neat and handsom a City as most in Germany There is in it a very great Market-place with never a bad House in it the whole Town is built of a very white free Stone and the Castle upon the Hill is of a Modern building very large there is also a Bridge over the Danube The Imperial Forces Rendezvouzed here when Solyman came to Vienna in 1532. This was also besieged by the Peasants of Austria in the time of Ferdinand II. They having got a Body together of forty thousand Men and many pieces of Ordnance but were stoutly repulsed after many Assaults and at last overcome by Papenheim The late renowned Duke of Lorraine dyed at a Convent near this Lintz See Lorraine Lintz Lentium a small Town upon the Rhine in the Diocese of Cologn in Westerwaldt five Miles beneath Coblentz to the North six from Cologn in the borders of the Dukedom of Juliers Lintzgow Lentinensis Populus a part of the Dukedom of Bavaria Lipari Liparae a knot of small Islands being seven in number belonging to the Kingdom of Sicily they lie in the Tyrrhenian Sea about thirty Miles to the North-West of the Island and the same distance from Calabria to the West Though they belong to Sicily yet Charles V. for his convenience attributed them to the Kingdom of Naples but in 1609. they were restored to Sicily and at this day are holden by the King of Spain as a part of it The ancient Poets Epithet them Aeoliae and Vulcaniae from a fiction of their being the Country of the Gods of those names The principal is the Island called Lipari which has an Episcopal City to enable it under the Metropolitical jurisdiction of Messina in Sicily In 1544. Barberousse the Turkish Admiral ruined this City but it was rebuilt again and a considerable Fortress added to it Lippa a City of Transylvania seated upon the River Marosch which falls in the Tibiscus at Segedin It stands five Hungarian Miles from Temeswar to the North and thirteen from Alba Julia or Weissenburgh to the South-West This City was taken in 1595. from the Turks by the Emperor Retaken by Assault by General Caraffa with a Body of ten thousand Imperialists on Aug. 19. 1688. And the Castle into which the Garrison retreated to save themselves being about two thousand Soldiers was obliged to Surrender upon discretion two days after There were eighteen pieces of Cannon in it Lippe Lippia a City of Westphalia more commonly called Lipstat It stands upon the River Lippe three German Miles from Paderborn to the East in Marshes and a bad Air yet it is a Hanse Town very great and the Capital of a County of the same name It was once too a Free Imperial City in length of time it became exempt and fell under the Jurisdiction of the Counts of Lippe and by one of them was mortgaged to the Duke of Cleve for eight thousand Marks of Silver and never since redeemed but together with Cleve fell to the Duke of Brandenburgh Charlemaigne assembled the Bishops of Germany here in 780. The County of Lippe is a part of the Circle of Westphalia between the Bishoprick of Paderborn the Dukedom of Westphalia and the County or Earldom of Ravensberg It is under its own Count the principal Town excepted whose Residence is at Lemgow He has also a part of the Earldom of Schaumburgh not long since granted him by Maurice Landtgrave of Hassia The Lippe Lupias Luppia is a River of Germany mentioned by Strabo and Mela. It ariseth in a Village called Lippsprinck near Paderborn and running Westward watereth Lippe or Lipstad separating the Diocese of Munster from the County of Mark it passeth by Ham Dorsten and Wesel into the Rhine twelve Miles beneath Cologn to the North-West Lippio Hyppius a River of Bithynia which falls into the Euxine Sea near Heraclea Ponti Lipuda Aretas a River of Calabria which falleth by the City of Vmbriatico into the Ionian Sea Lire Lira See Liere above Only let me add the Elogy given it by L. Guicciardin Lira elegans amoenum Brabantiae oppidum adeo ut multorum hujus Tractus Nobilium in otio degentium à curis turba jucundissimus sit recessus Lire is so beautiful and pleasant a Town of Brabant that many of the Nobility thereof make it their beloved recess from Cares and Crouds of Men. Lirio Iris the same with Casalmach Lis Loegia The same with Leye Lisbon Olysippo Vlysippo the Spaniards call it Lisboa the Capital City of the Kingdom of Portugal the Royal Seat of their Kings and an Archbishops See made by P. Boniface IX It has a large safe convenient Harbor and a Castle built on a Hill by the Taso on the North side of which River the City stands two Leagues from the Ocean and six from Cabo di Rocca Sintra In Long. 11. 00. Lat. 38. 50. According to Dr. Heylyn in Long. 9. 10. Lat. 38. 30. This City was recovered from the Moors by Alphonsus King of Portugal in 1147. It is the greatest in all Spain and every day encreasing At a Town called Bethlem within half a League of it are to be seen the Tombs of the Kings of Portugal Of this City the Spaniards have a Proverb Qui no ha visto Lisboa no ha visto cosa boa He that has not seen Lisbonne has seen nothing that 's good Lisieux Lexobii Lexovium Neomagus a City in the Vpper Normandy upon the River Tucca or rather Lezon which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Roan a great and fine City seated in a fruitful Country five Leagues from the Shoars of the British Seas to the East eighteen from Roan to the West and ten from Caen to the East The Country about is from it called the Lieuvin Caesar in his Commentaries twice mentions the Forces of the ancient People thereof against the Romans In 1106. The Ecclesiastiques held a Council here in the presence of Henry I. King of England and since others Lismore Lismora a small City in the Province of Munster in the County of Waterford which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cashell but this Bishoprick has been united to that of Waterford since 1363. It stands upon the River More fifteen Miles from the Vergivian Ocean and twenty two from Cashell Lisnia a strong Fortress in Bosnia surprized by the Imperialists July 18. 1690. after having in the two precedent Years been thrice attack'd by them in vain Two hundred Christian Slaves were here free'd Lison Casius a Mountain of Syria mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy lying between Cilicia and Phoenicia near Antioch and Laodicea There is another Mountain by it called the Anticasus and a Country between them called heretofore Casiolis in which are the Cities of Antiochia Seleucia Laodicea Epiphania Marathus Antaradus and some others most of which are by the Turks now Masters of this Country ruined A Gentleman who had Travelled over this Country informing me that it was little
is very strongly fortified and has a Castle on a Hill upon the River Eger in the Confines of Misnia four Miles from Eger or Heb another City of Bohemia to the East eighteen from Prague and as many from Dresden Lomaigne Leomania a Tract or Country in Aquitain or Gascony the principal Town of which is Vi◠de Lomaigne it lies between the County of Armagnac Verdun and the Garonne by which it is parted from the County of Agenois Loman a River in Devonshire which falls into the Ex by Tiverton in that County Lombardy Lombardia Longobardia is a considerable Country in the North of Italy under which is contained the greatest part of Gallia Cisalpina It is divided into two the Higher and the Lower Lombardy In the Higher are Piedmont with what is annexed to it the Dukedoms of Milan and Montisferat in the Lower are the Dukedoms of Mantua Modena and Parma with the Western parts of the State of Venice viz. The Territories of Bergamo Brescia Cremona Verona and Vicenza also the Dukedoms of Ferrara with the Territory of Bononia or Bologna which are in the States of the Church and now under the Pope The Italians also divide it into Lombardia di qua dal Po and Lombardia di la dal Po i. e. Lombardy on each side the Po. This was that Kingdom of the Lombards Langobardi or Longobardi in Italy which Charles the Great ruined after he had at Pavie taken Desiderius their last King Prisoner The principal City of this Kingdom was Milan This Kingdom was erected in 578. Isaacson placeth its beginning in 393. with whom Helvicus agrees Agelmond being their first King before whom they had Dukes it continued so under eleven Princes that is in Pannonia or Hungary not in Italy They came into Italy in 568. And their Kingdom continued there under twenty one Princes till 774 when Carlous Magnus Dethroned as was said In all two hundred and six Years Lombez Lombaria or Lumbaria a small City in Aquitain in France in the County of Cominges upon the River Sava which falls into the Garonne four Miles beneath Tolose Lombes stands five Leagues from the Garonne to the North eight from Aux to the South-East and ten from Tolose to the South-West Made a Bishops See by Pope John XXII who at the same time erected its ancient Abbey into a Cathedral under the Archbishop of Tolose in 1317. But little and not well inhabited The Albigenses were excommunicated in a Council here Lombura the Indus Lomond and Lough Lomond Lomandus is a great Lake in the South of Scotland in the County of Lenox between Menteith to the East and Argile to the West In length from North to South twenty Miles ten in breadth from East to West in some places in others three and four It is only four Miles from Dunbritown to the North and a little more from its Fyrth the River Levin empties it into the Fyrth There is in it sixteen small Islands Lon Lone or Lunne a River of Lancashire upon which Lancaster and Hornby are situated and Kirkby Lonsdale in the County of Westmorland It ends in the Irish Sea London Londinum Augusta Trinobantum the Capital City of the Kingdom of England or rather three Cities united into one Its length from East to West from Lime-house to the further end of Mill-bank in Westminster coming to 7500 Geometrical paces i. e. seven measured Miles and an half at a thousand paces a Mile Its breadth from the further end of Whitechappel-street to St. George's Fields in Southwark near three Miles It is first mentioned by Tacitus afterwards by Ammianus Marcellinus who calls it Augusta Stephanus de Vrbibus Lindonium Bede and Sigebert call it Lindona the English London the Saxons Lundain the French Londres the Germans Londen and the Italians Londra It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury seated in the County of Middlesex upon the Thames a noble navigable River over which it has a Bridge of nineteen Arches built with Houses on both sides and of late enlarged as to the Passage This is also the Royal City the Seat of the Kings of England and has been so for many years Therefore called the King of Englands Chamber It is situate in a rich and plentiful Soil abounding with plenty of all things and on the gentle ascent of an Hill on the North Side of the Thames By whom or when it was first built is now unknown Tacitus saith that in Nero's time about the Year of Christ 66 it was Copia Negotiatorum Commeatu maximè celebre A place of great resort for Commerce and famous for plenty of provisions But London was then near a great Calamity for Boadicia Queen of the Iceni being provoked by the Injuries of the Romans to assemble the Britains fell first upon Camalodunum now Maldon in Essex and taking it by surprize that year put all the Romans to the Sword Petilius Cerealis coming up with the ninth Legion was defeated and all his Foot put to the Sword too the Horse hardly escaping In the Interim Suetonius the Roman Propraetor or Governor who was then conquering the Isle of Anglesey comes up to London and was at first almost resolved to make it the Seat of War but finding reasons to alter this Resolve he marched away to S. Albans so Boadicia who was not far off came up and put all She found in the Town to the Sword and soon after treats S. Albans in the same manner in which three places She destroyed seventy thousand Romans and their Allies This City soon recovered this Blow and was afterward as famous as ever In the Year of Christ 292 it was in danger of being Sack'd by the Franks if an unexpected Arrival of some Roman Forces had not accidentally preserved it even when the Franks were actually in Possession of it Soon after this Constantine the Great is said to have Walled it In 313 we find Restitutus Bishop of London at the Council of Arles in France subscribing after Eborius Bishop of York Bede is very positive that it was then an Archbishops See Mr. Cambden is of opinion it was delivered up to the Saxons under Hengist their first King by Vortigern about the Year of Christ 463. Tho this changed the state of things and ruined Christianity yet London continued in all this Storm a considerable Mart or Sea-Port in 610. S. Paul's Church was built or rather rebuilt and assigned to the Uses of Christianity by Athelbert King of Kent Miletus was made the first Bishop of London after the Conversion of the Saxons in 604 the Metropolitick See being removed by Augustin the Monk then from London to Canterbury About the Year 701 Offa King of the East-Angles enlarged and endowed the Church of Westminster which is since become another City joined to London In the Year 854 this City fell into the Hands of the Danes who Sacked it and Canterbury coming then with a Fleet of two hundred and fifty Ships In 1012
Possession of it have added to its Fortifications Four Leagues from Thionville to the North six from Trier or Treves to the South-West and nineteen from Maier to the North-East The Dukedom of Luxemburgh is one of the seventeen Provinces of the Low Countries lying most to the South-East which was a part of the District belonging of old to the Treviri on the East it is bounded by the Bishoprick of Trier separated by the Mosel on the North it has the Dukedoms of Limburgh and Namur with the Bishoprick of Liege on the West Picardy in part and Hainault on the South Lorrain on the West the Maes and the Forest of Ardenne do both close it That part that lies towarps the West is barren but abounds in Game and Venison That which lies more to the East is fruitful in Corn Minerals Quarries of excellent Stone and whatever is necessary to the Life of Man It is in compass about sixty French Leagues At first a part of the Earldom of Ardenne dismembred from it in the time of Otho the Emperor made a Dukedom in 1309. as L. Guicciardin avers by Henry VII who had been Count of Luxemburgh before he was chosen Emperor Sigismond the last Duke and Emperor gave it to Elizabeth Daughter of John Duke of Gorlitz his Brother to prefer her in Marriage to Anthony Duke of Burgundy and with the rest of the Estates of that House it came to the House of Austria The French who have ever lain heavy on this Frontier Country have ravished from them the Southern parts and the Cities of Monmedy and Thionville The Spaniards possess the Northern with Bastogne Luzcko See Lusuc Lyche Laodicea an ancient Maritime City of Syria towards the foot of the Mountain Libanus built by Seleucus together with Antioch Apamea who called those three Cities the three Sisters Dionysius Africanus intimates its pleasant situation upon the Sea Coast It is a different place from Laodicea in Asia Minor Lycia an ancient Province of Asia Minor betwixt Caria and Pamphilia famous for the Mountain Chimaera and the Cities Patara Mira Andriaca c. A part of it is now contained in Aidinelli and the rest in Briquia or Manteselli Lycopolis the ancient Name of Munia in Egypt given it says Diodorus Siculus from the peoples adoration of Wolves there in the time of the Egyptian Idolatries It has sometime been a Bishops See See Munia The famous Meletius was Bishop of Lycopolis about the year 300. Lydia an ancient and celebrated Province of Asia Minor wherein stood the Cities Sardus Philadelphia Thyatira c. It had the honour to be a Kingdom for six hundred seventy five years till King Croesus in the fifty ninth Olympiad and the year of of the World 3510. and the year of Rome 210. was overcome by Cyrus who subjected it to the Persian Empire as afterwards it fell successively under the Greeks and Romans and now is under the Turks by the name of Carasia The Rivers Hermus now Sarabat Pactolus and Caystrus now Chiai added to its ancient fame A Colony which this Country transmitted into Italy settled in the Provinces of Tuscany the present as Virgil also remarks Lyd A Market Town in the County of Kent in Shepway Lath It is a Member of the Cinque Ports Lym Moschius a River of Bulgaria Baudrand calls it Ibar Lymbach Olimachum a Town in the Lower Hungary in the Consines of Stiria not above one German Mile from the River Muer and four from Canisa to the South West § There is another called by the same name four Miles from this to the South Lyn Linum Regis a Sea-Port-Town and Corporation in the County of Norfolk seated on the Eastern Shoar of the River Ouse where it falls into the Washes called by Ptolemy Aestuarium Metaris It is a large Town incompassed with a deep Trench and for the most part walled divided by two small Rivers which have about fifteen Bridges over them Built out of the ruins of another old Town called Lyn too but standing in Marsh Land on the opposite side of the River chiefly preferred on the account of the Haven which is safe and easie of access It was at first called Bishops Lyn because the ground it stands upon belonged to the Bishop of Norwich till the Reign of Henry VIII It has great Privileges which it obtained from King John by siding with him against the Barons he gave them his own Sword to be carried before their Mayor and a gilt Cup which they still keep From this place he went in 1216. with a mighty Army over the Washes into Lincolnshire with a design to fight the Barons then united against him under Lewis Dauphine of France but lost his Treasures and Carriages in the passage and his Life soon after Then it was that he granted them their Charter and he expiring soon after and his Son having a necessity to comply with his Barons for the expulsion of the French their Liberties were seised and the Town reduced to what it was before In 1221. a Rebellion breaking out in Lincolnshire this Prince Henry III. had occasion for their Loyalty and Valour again and they gave him such experience of both that he regranted them their Charter which they have ever since injoyed Nor does this place deserve the less commendation for their Loyal Attempt on the behalf of Charles I. in 1643. though instead of success it involved the Loyal Inhabitants in great Calamities Charles II. created Sir Horatio Townsend Baronet Baron of Lyn April 20. 1661. rewarding at once his and their Loyalty by this Honour It elects two Members of Parliament Lyons Lugdunum Segusianorum is an ancient City in France called by the Inhabitants Lyon by the Germans Leon by the English Lyons and by the Poles Lugdun It is a very great famous strong rich populous City an Archbishops See and the Capital of a Province called from it Lionnois seated at the foot of an Hill upon the confluence of the the Saone and Rhone two of the principal Rivers of France in the Confines of la Bresse and le Dauphine one hundred Leagues from Paris to the South five from Vienne thirty six from Avignon sixty from Turin as Baudrand represents the distances and sixty five from the Mediterranean Sea to the North. The first Colony the Romans settled in this part of France and built by Munacius Plancus under Augustus thirty five years before Christ After this it flourished very much especially under the Auspicious Reign of Claudius Caesar who was born here nine years before the Birth of our Saviour thirty three after the slaughter of Julius Caesar In the twelfth year of the Reign of Nero the year of Christ sixty five it was miserably ruined by Fire and Nero contributed very freely to the rebuilding of it as Tacitus tells us in his Annals In after times no City in the Empire flourished more both as to Learning and Commerce Severus the Emperor treated it about 199. with great severity
for adhering to the Party of Albinus against him burning a great part of the City Gratianus the Emperor was perfidiously murthered in this City in 384. Majoranus General to Leo the Emperour at the request of Sidonius Apollinarus repaired and beautified this City very much about 460. But this was no long-lived splendor the Goths and Almains soon after prevailing against the Romans in France In the Reign of Clothaire King of France about 532. an end being put to the Kingdom of Burgundy erected here by the Goths this City fell into the Hands of the French In the Reign of Gunthram King of Metz between 565. and 596. this City was again burnt nor did it suffer less from the Moors about 730. who were called by the remainder of the Goths against the Franks About 955. it was given to Conrade I. King of Burgundy After this it was for some time subject to the Counts of the Forest till 1173. The See was founded by S. Potinus and Irenaeus the first of which suffered Martyrdom here about 177. Anno 1079. Pope Gregory VII is said to have made it an Archbishops See doubtless it was so long before Pope Clement V. was crowned here in the presence of Philip the Fair King of France Edward I. of England and James King of Arragon in 1305. There have been many Councils held here The most celebrated was that in 1245. under Innocent IV. against Frederick II. where that Prince was deposed as an Heretick for Intelligence with the Sultan and Familiarity with his Women which produced a destructive War in Germany and Italy There was another in 1274. under Pope Gregory X. against the Greek Church in which were five hundred Bishops sixty or seventy Archbishops and one thousand other Ecclesiasticks together with the Patriarchs of Antioch and Constantinople c. Long. 26. 00. Lat. 45. 15. Lyonnois Lugdunensis Provincia is a small Province in France having on the East la Bresse and the Dauphine on the South and West le Foretz and on the North le Beaujolois it has on the East the Rhosne and extends from it to the West about twelve Leagues in length about fifteen Lyons en Forest Leones a small Town in Normandy incompassed with Woods and Forests upon the River Orleau four Leagues from Roan to the East Lyon en Beausse a Village in that Province seven Leagues from Orleans to the North. Lyon sur Loyre a Village in Orleans in the Confines of Berry one League above Sully to the East Lysmore See Lismore M A. MAara Spelunca Sidoniorum a Grott or Cave in Palestine in the Territory of Great Zidon or the Land of the Sidonians mentioned Josh 13. 4. In the year 1161. the Christians secured themselves for sometime here against the Saracens Macandan a Promontory in Africa called by the Ancients Arsinarium now commonly Cape Verde Macao Amacao Amacum a City in China in the Province of Quantum upon the South part of that Kingdom in Long. 141. 30. Lat. 23. 00. Built upon a small Island with two Forts heretofore under the Portuguese during which times it was a celebrated Mart much frequented and very rich but being now in the hands of the Tartars who have conquered China it decays a pace and is much declined from what it was Macaria a Lake or Marsh near Marathon a Town in Attica in which a considerable part of the Forces of Xerxes King of Persia perished being beaten by the Grecians both by Sea and Land at the same time and in their flight forced into this unpassable place by the pursuers Whence the Proverb in Macariam abi for a Curse § This also was the ancient Name of a City in the Island of Cyprus now become a Village and called Jalines The whole Island of Cyprus had the Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 given it by the Greeks from its fertility And the Island of Maczua in the Gulph of Arabia has been honoured with the same Macascar Macassar Macasaria a great Island in the Indian Sea sometimes called Celebes Extended from North to South two hundred French Leagues and one hundred broad there are in it six Kingdoms Macasar Cion Sanguin Cauripana Getigan and Supara the two principal Cities are Macasar and Bantachia The South parts are much frequented by the English and Dutch which latter of late in 1669. have severely treated the King of Macascar whose Dominions lie in the South of the Island and comprehend the far greatest part of it This Island lies between the Molucco's to the East and Borneo to the West and is sometimes ascribed to the former The Line cutteth the Northern part of it The Inhabitants heretofore went naked did eat Mans Flesh and had all the Criminals of the Molucco's sent over to them for that purpose but they are much civilized Two young Princes of this Country Brothers that were bred at Siam in the Mahometan Religion and sent to Paris by the King of Siam to be instructed in Christianity on October 17. 1687. received Christian Baptism at Paris It produces plenty Rice Fruit Cocao Cattle Fish besides Gold Ivory Cotton c. The City Macasar stands in the South part and enjoys the benefit of a good Port. Macclesfield or Maxfield a large fair Market Town in Cheshire upon the River Bollin The Capital of its Hundred Adorned with the Title of an Earldom in the Person of the Right Honourable Charles Gerard. Macchia a Dutchy in the Capitanata in the Kingdom of Naples Macedonia is a Kingdom of great antiquity and fame in Greece Anciently bounded by the Adriatick Sea to the West the Aegean Sea to the East now called the Archipelago the Vpper Moesia a part of Illyricum now called Servia cut off by Mount Sandus to the North and on the South it had Epirus Thessalia and Achaia It was then divided into four parts as Livy saith under which were twenty six Provinces and at this day though Albania which was of old a part of it is dismembred yet the remainder is divided into four parts by the Turks 1. Jamboli of old Macedonia prima and secunda which lies East between Thrace and the Bay of Thessalonica 2. Macedonia properly so called lies between Mount Karoponitze to the North Thessalia to the South and the Bay of Thessalonica to the East 3. Comenolitari the third part Macedonia tertia and part of Thessalia has Macedonia properly so called on the North Albania on the West Thessalia on the South and the same Bay on the East 4. Janna lies yet more South and is the remainder of that which was anciently called Thessalia on the North it has Commenolitari on the West Epirus on the South Livadia and on the East the Archipelago and Bay of Negropont The Reader may observe that Thessalia is now a part of Macedonia though anciently not and Albania which anciently was a part of it now is a separate Kingdom both are under the Turks This Country anciently divided into one hundred and fifty Tribes or
Nations as Pliny saith was by Philip and Alexander his Son reduced first into one great and formidable body which spread its Conquests not only over all the rest of Greece but passing the Hellespont Alexander the Great overthrew the Persian Empire and became Lord of all those Countries between the Caspian and Euxine Seas to the North Mount Imaus to the East the Persian Sea Red Sea the Cataracts of Nile to the South the Desarts of Lybia and the Adriatick Sea to the West which Empire at his death became divided into four great Kingdoms whereof Macedonia was the least Philip of Macedon the two and twentieth King of the first Race began in the year of the World 3155. which ended in Alexander the Great in 3642. or thereabouts Cassander extirpated the first Family and began a second in 3648. which ended in Perseus XI in that Succession subdued by the Romans in 3789. But it became not intirely subject till the Turks first entered this Province under Bajazet their fourth King who took Nicopolis a Town upon the Bay of Thessalonica in 1392. The Conquest thereof was finished by Amurath II. their sixth King in 1429. by the Conquest of Thessalonica and all the other places in this Kingdom considered without Albania Now governed by a Turkish Sangiack under the Beglerbeg of Greece who has 8000. Crowns the year Revenue and finds in Peace only one hundred Horse for the defence of the Country in times of War four hundred All the ancient Cities are ruined except Thessalonica and Larissa Macerata a City in the Dominions of the Pope in the Marcha Anconitana which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Fermo it stands upon a Hill near the River Chiento and is thought one of the best places in this Marquisate being therefore chosen for the Residence of the Governour Built about 410. as Blondus avers The University was opened here by Pope Nicolas IV. in 1290. restored by Pope Paul III. in 1322. united to this See for ever in 1586. It lies fifteen Miles from Loretto and the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea to the West There was a Synod here assembled in 1615. Machere Machera or Macheronta a Castle upon the River Jordain and the Banks of the Dead Sea in Palestine five or six Leagues from Jerusalem where according to Josephus S. John Baptist was beheaded by the order of Herod Machian one of the Molucco Isles Machynleth a Market Town in the County of Montgomery in Wales and the Hundred of Kyfilog Machlyes an ancient People that dwelt near the Magna Syrtes of Africa mentioned by Aristotle Maclena Cydarus a small River of Thrace which falls into the Black Sea a little above Constantinople Macoco a vast Kingdom in the middle of Africa towards the Vpper Aethiopia and the River Zaire the Prince of which has ten Kingdoms under him on the North he has the Kingdom of Muaco which is ever in War with him to the South-East that of Giringbomb This Kingdom lies two hundred and seventy Spanish Miles from the Kingdom of Congon to the South Jerome Lobus mentions it in his History of Ethiopia Mensol is the Capital City of it Macran or Makeran Caramania a Province of Persia towards the Indian Ocean and the Confines of Indostan which is a part of the ancient Caramania It has on the North Sigestan on the South the Indian Ocean on the West Caramania properly so called and on the East Sinda It is under a Prince of its own who is a Tributary to the King of Persia It s principal City is Macran and its best Port is called Guadel Macre a Gulph of the Mediterranean Sea betwixt Lycia in Asia Minor and the Island Rhodes said by some to be the Glaucus Sinus of Caria Macrobii the ancient people of the Island of Meroe in Aethiopia so called from an observation of their living to a great age Not but that this Name in the Writings of the old Geographers and Historians is communicated to the Hyperborei Macedonii and others where the same Longaevity occurred Macrocephali an ancient people towards the Bosphorus Thracius in the account of P. Mela so named from an observation that they had extraordinary long heads But Stephanus places them near Colchis in the Lesser Asia and Pliny in the neighbourhood of the City Cherasonda in Cappadocia Macuf Mosceus a River of Persia which falls into the Bay of Persia Macyn India Vlterior one of the Provinces of Asia called the further Indies or India beyond Ganges Maczua Orine an Island in the Gulph of Arabia near Africa over against the City of Mazzuan in 17 deg Lat. In the Maps called Mazuan and sometimes Macaria under the Turks since 1557. Madagascar Cerne Menuthias Madagascaria Delphina a vast Island on the Eastern Coast of Africa called by the Inhabitants Madecase by the French l' Isle de Dauphiné by the Portuguese S. Lorenzo by the English Madagascar and S. Laurence by the Arabians Sarandib Ptolemy calls it Menuthias Pliny Cerne Aethiopica It is near one hundred Miles from the Coast of Africa to the East and one of the greatest Islands in the World extentending from 1 to 25 deg of Southern Latitude but its breadth much less as not exceeding one hundred and thirty English Miles Discovered by the Portuguese in 1506. on S. Laurence's day There was no Cities in it the French have of late settled some Colonies on the Southern Shoars Stephen Flacourt a Frenchman has given a large account of this Island The Inhabitants are large of Stature exceeding black Warlike much addicted to Fishing great Eaters Nature has accordingly provided them with plenty of Cattle Fish Fowl Fruits and what ever is necessary for the life of Man which they use without Labour or Care regarding neither Silver nor Gold nor any thing but Beads and Bracelets for Ornament Musick and Dancing for their Recreation And the utmost Number they can tell is Ten. Herbert 'T is also related there is a mixture of Whites amongst them who being circumcised and using the Names of Moses Aaron Esther and the like may be thought to descend from the transmigrations of some of the ten lost Tribes of the Jews About two hundred years ago the Caliph of Meccha dispatched a Mission of Arabians hither to teach Arabick and the Alcaron which altogether missed not of its effect The Northern Provinces are yet unknown to the Europeans As for Capes Ports and Roads Rivers and fruitful Mountains Mines of Iron and Steel Precious Stones and Woods Madagascar hath them But no Mines of Brass Tin Lead Silver or Gold And the Natives are divided into divers Herds and Tribes under a Chief like the Tartars Madaura an ancient City betwixt Lambesa and Hippo in Barbary remarkable for being the Birth-place of Apuleius thence intiuled Madaurensis It had the honour heretofore of a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Carthage and likewise of an Academy of note at which S. Austin studied Maday See Media Madera an Island on the Western
Shoar of Africa called Madeira by the Portuguese of old Atlantica Discovered by the Portuguese in 1419. and called by this Name from its plenty of Wood. Its length is twenty five Leagues its Circuit sixty The principal Town Funchal It lies in 32 deg Lat. and Long. 360. Prodigiously fruitful especially in Sugar Mather a Dying stuff and Wines the slipes whereof were brought from Candy The Birds at first suffered themselves to be taken up but have since learned to fear Mankind It has plenty of Water and all other things needful for the life of Man Though an Englishman is said to have landed here in 1344. yet the Portuguese were the first that peopled this Island and still possess it They found it as one great Wood and to clear it they put fire to it which raged so horribly at first that they were forced to go to Sea to avoid its fury The Ashes contributed exceedingly to the Fertility of it It is now returned to its natural strength sufficient to maintain a vast number of Inhabitants Funchal is an Archbishops See and the Residence of the Governour besides which they reckon thirty six Parishes Some call Madera from its Fertility and Beauty the Queen of Islands Madera a River in South America also called Cayane It ariseth in the Confines of Peru by the City Argentea and after a long Course falls into the River of Amazons in the Province of Cayane in Long. 312. Lat. 02. 12. Maderaspatan that is the Port of Madera is a City in the Kingdom of Narsinga on the Coast of Coromandel in the Bay of Bengala which has been some years in the hands of the Hollanders Mader See Maeander Madrid Madritum Mantua Carpetanorum Madridium in Carpetanis a great City in Spain the Royal Seat of the Kings of that Country It has a noble Palace and is every day increasing It stands upon the River Manzanares which falls into the Xaraina at S. Martin which falls into the Tajo Tagus above Toledo twelve Miles to the North of Toledo This City saith Baudrand has no Walls some that have lived there say it has a Mud one It stands in the Kingdom of New Castile upon the top of an Hill in a fruitful Country an healthful Air. The Royal Palace though not great is very beautiful magnificent The Kings of Spain have resided here but since the Reign of Philip II. before which time it was accounted only a Village In 1473. a Council was celebrated here to correct the Simony Debauchery and Ignorance of the Clergy of this Kingdom under Pope Paul II. Long. 17. 00. Lat. 40. 40. Madure a City in the East-Indies in the Promontory of Malabar great and populous Heretofore under the King of Bisnagar but now together with the Country in which it stands subject to a Prince of its own who is yet a kind of Subject to the King of Bisnagar It lies between Malabar to the West and the Gulph of Manar which parts Malabar from Ceylon to the East he is Sovereign of this Coast and draws a considerable Revenue from it Maeander a great River in the Lesser Asia in the Greater Phrygia Now commonly called Madre Mindre and Bojouc Mindre that is the Great Mindre in opposition to that at Ephesus which is called the Little Minder It springeth from a Fountain called by the ancient Greeks Alocrene and runs with so Oblique a Current as it often seems to be returning back again into it self making in its passage six hundred Turns though it is no very long Course it performs Hence one of the Ancients observes it was the only River in the World which returned almost back to its Fountain Many of the Poets alluded to it in their Poems Our Country-Man Mr. Wheeler who crossed it saith it was there sixteen Fathoms over they pretended it was as deep as broad the Current was exceeding swift he gives a Figure of it It falls into the Archipelago between Heraclea and Miletus on the South of Ephesus Maelstroom Vmbilicus maris a Gulph or Whirl. Pit on the Coast of Norway and Province of Scanea between the Isles of Luffoot and Weroe Many wonders are told of this place which in all probability are not true Maes Mosa a vast River in the Low-Countries called by the French la Meuse and by the Dutch die Maes it ariseth in the Mountains of Vauge Vogesus in Champagne in France ten Leagues from Chaumont en Bassigny to the East running North through Lorrain and the Dukedom of Bar it washeth S. Michael Verdun Sedain Charleville and Maiers then entering Namur it washeth Dinant and Namur at which it takes in from the West the Sambre turning East it entereth the Bishoprick of Liege and watereth Hoey and Liege where it takes in the Oure Vrta out of Luxemburgh on the East Maestricht and Maseyck so passing to Roermond and Venlo at Lettem in Guelderland he changeth his Course from North-East to North-West and at Cuyck turns directly West passing by Grave a Town of Brabant Ratenburgh and Heusden at Worckum he takes in the Vahal or Wael a Branch of the Rhine beneath the Island of Bommel made by these two Rivers so watering Gorcum Dort and the Briel he falls together with the Rhine into the German Ocean This is a noble stately Stream and has upon his Banks many great Cities and fine Towns Maeseyck Masacum is a City of the Lower Germany in the Bishoprick of Liege in the County of Losse in the Borders of the Vpper Guelderland five Leagues beneath Maestricht three above Roermond seven from Liege and is a considerable Place Maesland See Masay Maestricht Trajectum ad Mosam Trajectum superius is a City of Brabant upon the Western Bank of the Maes which is here covered with a beautiful Stone Bridge consisting of nine Arches from whence it has its name signifying the Passage over the Maes On the Eastern Bank lies the Wyck which is a Suburb to this City The Bishops of Liege and the Dukes of Brabant heretofore divided the Jurisdiction of this City between them but the City was in the hands of the latter and with that Dutchy passed to the House of Austria who injoyed it till 1632. when it was taken by the Hollander In 1673. it was taken after a sharp Siege by the French In 1676. the Hollander attempted the reduction of it without success in 1678. they recovered it by the Treaty of Nimeguen It is both walled and covered with considerable out-works after the new Mode towards the South-East lies a Hill that riseth gently and overlooks part of the Town under which is one of the noblest Quarries of Stone in the World to secure the Town from any disadvantage it might receive from this Hill the Bastion answering to it is built very high there is a Horn-work within Musket shot of it and the Wyck is rather stronger than the Town For the distances see Maeseyck The Bishops See was removed from hence to Liege by S Hubert in 713. Long 27.
by the Arabs Hamammetha In the Year 394. a Council was held here the Canons whereof are confused amongst the Body of the Canons of the African Church Long. 36. 40. Lat. 32. 40. Majaquana one of the Luccaye Islands belonging to North America between Hispaniola to the South and Samana to the North. Maida a Principality in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples near Nicastro Maidenhead a Market Town in Berkshire in the Hundred of Bray Maidstone Madus Vagniacae is a fair sweet populous Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath upon the River Medway near its head from which it has this name There is a fair Stone Bridge built by the Archbishops of Canterbury over this River Edward VI. Incorporated this Town and granted it a Mayor which was taken from them in Queen Maries time for favouring Wyat's Rebellion in 1554. But Queen Elizabeth restored them to their former State In ancient times their chief Magistrate was called a Portgreve from Grave an old German word still used by the Germans in Markgrave Reingrave and Landtgrave Charles I. added another Honor to this Place when in 1628. he created Elizabeth Finch Grandmother to the late Heneage Finch Earl of Winchelsey late Lord Chancellor of England Viscountess of Maidstone and Countess of Winchelsey with an Entail upon her Heir Males which Honors are now possessed by Heneage Her Grandchild the Second of this Family Heneage late Earl of Nottingham and Lord Chancellor of England was another of Her Posterity This is the Town where the Assizes and Sessions are kept with which honour it has that of the Election of two Members of the House of Commons Maienne See Mayenne Majella Nicates a Mountain in Abruzzo a Province of the Kingdom of Naples near the River Pescara Aternus as Holstenius affirms Maillezais or Mallezais Malleaca Malleacum a small City in Poictou in France seated in a Morass made by the Rivers Seure Niortoise which falls into the Bay of Aquitain and the Hautize The ancient Earls of Poictou and Dukes of Guyenne chose it for their Residence and Founded in it an Abbey about the Year 1030. which by P. John XXII in 1317. was changed into a Bishops See but being little inhabited by reason of the badness of the Air the Bishoprick was suppressed in 1649. and the City of Rochell substituted in its place by Pope Innocent X. It stands nine Leagues from Rochell to the North-East and five from Niore to the South Long. 19. 36. Lat. 46. 21. according to the last Maps Mailly a Seigniory near Amiens in Picardy giving name to an honorable Family of that Province Maina or Maines or Braccio di Maina a City on the South of the Morea supposed to have been the ancient Leuctra or Tenarus in Laconia on the East side of the Gulph of Coron North of Cape Matapan the most South Cape of the Morea The Inhabitants are called the Mainotes and have in this present War contributed very much to the driving the Turks out of the Morea by serving in great numbers under the Venetians against them It is said it was a Common-wealth before but Coronelli in his late description of the Morea assures us it was a Fort built by the Turks upon the Ruins of Cersapolis to keep these Mainotes under who being impatient of the Turkish Slavery and extremely Warlike had betaken themselves to the Rocks and Forests and would pay no Tribute to the Turks thereupon the Turks began to build the Fort of Maina but Querini Captain of the Gulph for the Venetians in 1570. understanding their design Landed and by the help of the Mainotes took this Fort and ruined it entirely by which means the Mainotes were preserved and obliged to the Service of this State Main Amber a noted strong Rock nigh to Mounts Bay in the County of Cornwall mounted upon others of a lesser size with so equal a ponderation that it may be stirred 't is said yet not moved out of its place Maine le Maine Cenomanensis Provincia is a great and fruitful Province in France the old Inhabitants of which were the Cenomani Aulerci its greatest extent is from East to West on the North it is bounded by Normandy on the West by Bretagne This part is called the Lower Maine on the South by Anjou and on the East by Le Perche This the Vpper Maine and of the two the most fruitful and pleasant The Rivers Huisne Sarte and Mayenne water it The Principal City in it is Mans the next Mayenne Charles the second Son of Francis Duke of Guise being made Duke of Maine and after that General of the League against Henry III. and IV. of France made this Province frequently mentioned in the Histories of France of those times The Common Proverb of the People of this Province is Qu' un Manceau vaut un Norman demy One Man of Maine is worth one Norman and the half of another Main Land Pomona the Principal of the Isles of Orkney which is twenty two English Miles long and has a Town called Kirkwall on the Northern Shoar for its Capital its greatest extent is from East to West and its greatest breadth about ten Miles The Mainotes See Maina Maintez Meintez See Mentz Majorca or Mallorca Balearium insulae Palma Majorca an Island in the Mediterranean Sea on the Eastern Coast of Spain over against the Kingdom of Valencia at the distance of about sixty Miles between Minorca to the East and Yvica to the West which three Islands constituted the Kingdom of Majorca so called from this the greatest of them It s Circuit is near one hundred and ten Miles the Principal City is Mallorca Palma or Majorca which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona and a flourishing University in which Raymundus Lullius taught and his tenets are now ex instituto maintained It is great strong and has a Haven belonging to it on the Western shoar of the Island Long. 24. 40. Lat. 40. 00. The Maps place it in Lat. 38. 26. The Inhabitants of this Island were of old famous Archers from whence they were called Baleares at first they went naked being subdued by the Carthaginians Anno Mundi 3500. they became more civilized and served in the Carthaginian Wars against the Romans till together with Spain they fell under that Republick in the Year of Rome 630. 521 Years before the Birth of our Saviour The Moors were their next Masters who crossing out of Africa took Possession of them about the same time they Conquered Spain Raymund Earl of Barcelone by the assistance of the Genouese expelled the Moors in 1102 but the Genouese as if they had repented this good Deed restored them again In 1228. they were finally ex elled by James King of Arragon This Prince in 1230. made James his Son King of Majorca whose Posterity enjoyed this Kingdom till 1341. when James III. the fourth King of Majorca was slain in Battel by Pedro IV. King of Arragon and ever since
these Islands have been annexed to that Kingdom The Land on all sides towards the Sea is Mountainous and Barren inwards more Champain and Fruitful affording sufficient Oil Corn Wine and Fruits to maintain its Inhabitants who are estimated to be thirty thousand Maira Merula Macra a River in Piedmont which riseth out of the Alpes and flowing through the Marquisate of Saluzzo falls into the Po at Pancalieri a small City nine Miles above Turino to the South Malabar Malabaria Dachinabares a vast Peninsula or Promontory of the Hither East-Indies between the Arabick or Indian Sea to the West and the Gulph of Bengala or Ganges to the East Dr. Heylyn bounds it on the North with the River Gangeraco Baudrand with the Kingdom of Decam Buno bounde it to the North with the Cape of Darame ten Miles beneath Goa Cluverius reckons up these Kingdoms in it Calicut Coulete Cranganor Cochin Coulam and Travancor of which Calicut is the Supreme and therefore stiled Samory by them that is the Great Emperor and God on Earth For its extent Dr. Heylyn gives it three hundred English Miles to the Cape of Comori which he supposeth to be the Commaria Extrema of Ptolemy and its greatest breadth fifty Miles at the North. Baudrand makes its length one hundred French Leagues and its breadth ten or fifteen which is too little Cluverius makes it eighty German Miles long and forty five broad All agree that it is the most fruitful populous and temperate Region in the whole East-Indies The Inhabitants are very fierce savage and go naked except what Nature desires to have hidden They have a hatred of theft The Women take as many Husbands as they please contrarily to the custom of the Plurality of Wives amongst the Mahometans It is also one of the most ancient Kingdoms for many Ages subject to one Prince till about 900 Sarama Parymal being seduced by the Saracens left his Kingdom and went and died at Meccha and having no Children parcelled out his Kingdom amongst his most faithful Servants Cananor had a strong Castle in the hands of the Portuguese till 1663. when the Dutch expelled them the Hollanders are also possessed of Cochin and Coulam The rest is in the Possession of Indian Princes whose Dominions are very small Malaca Malacca Aurea Chersonesus a City and Kingdom in the Aurea Chersonesus or most Southern Promontory of the East-Indies between Sumatra and Borneo The City stands on the Western Shoar in Long. 127. 25. Lat. 03. 40. Subject to the King of Ihor till the Portuguese in 1511. took it under Alphonsus Albuquerque who made it an Episcopal City In 1606. the Dutch besieg'd it in vain but in 1640. the Dutch took it from them after a Siege of six Months It is a celebrated Mart has a large Haven a strong Castle and a River of the same name with the City lying a Mile from it to the South-East The Kingdom or Promontory of Malaca which takes its name from this City has the Kingdom of Siam to the North and on all other sides is surrounded by the Ocean it extends from one deg of Northern Lat. to Queda in six deg Dr. Heylyn gives it two hundred and seventy English Miles in length it is not of equal breadth and being extremely hot and parched by the Sun not very populous or fruitful but very rich by reason of the vast resort of all Nations for Trade This was a part of the Kingdom of Siam till 1258 when Parimisera and some other of the Javan Nobility being oppressed by their own King fled to Sangesinga Viceroy for the Siamite who receiving them kindly was by them perfidiously slain they erected in Sicapura this New Kingdom which being soon reduced again by the Siamite they built the Malaca and got the Trade too from the former The Moors joining with them they wholly revolted from Siam to whom they had submitted therefore that Prince in 1500. sent a Navy of two hundred Ships to reduce them and thirty thousand Men with four hundred Elephants to attack them by Land but Tempests and the disorders of his Soldiers made this Expedition miscarry And in 1511. they fell into the hands of the Portuguese Malaca Pangaeus a Mountain in Thrace near the City Philippi at the foot of which runs the River Nestus Malaga a City in the Kingdom of Granada in Spain seated in a Plain on the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea twenty seven Leagues from Sevil to the South-East the same from Cadiz to the East and twenty four from Granada to the South West It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sevil heretosore now of Granada a famous Port much frequented on the account of its Wines and has the River of Guadalani on the West of it with two strong Castles and an excellent Magazine Taken from the Moors by Ferdinando and Isabella in 1487. after a very long Siege In 1661. an Inundation of the River swept away one thousand and sixty Houses drowned two thousand Men and made three thousand more unfit for Habitation It was built by the Phaenicians and is mentioned by Strabo and Pliny Long. 16. 02. Lat. 36. 30. According to the Maps Long. 12. 42. Lat. 36. 09. Malatiah Melitene an ancient City in the Confines of the Greater Armenia upon the Euphrates seventy Miles from Samosat to the North and one hundred and fifty from Caesarea to the North-East It is an Archbishops See Long. 71. 00. Lat. 40. 32. According to the Maps 39. 52. Les Maidives Maldivae called the Naldives by the Natives there is an incredible number of them extending in a kind of a streight Line from nine deg of Northern Lat. to two deg beyond the Line and stretching from North-West to South-East to the South-West of the Cape of Comori or Malabar They are very fruitful and populous under one King whose Residence is in Male or Maldiva Francis Pirard has written a particular Discourse of these Islands said to be some thousands in number and to extend three hundred Leagues in length partly inhabited partly not that where the King resides is not above five Miles in compass whose Revenue principally consists in the fifth part of all the fruits and in the Confiscation of Wrecks He assumes the style of Sultan King of thirteen Provinces and twelve thousand Islands Maidon Camalodunum Camulodunum a Town in Essex in the Hundred of Dengy upon the River Chelmer on the Sea-shoar on the South side of that Arm of the Sea called Idumanius and about seven Miles distant from the Sea between which and it lie two small Islands called Northey and Osey This was the Royal City of Cunobelinus a British Prince who lived in the times of Tiberius and Caligula to whom one of his Sons fled Aulus Plautius the Roman General here in the Reign of Claudius fought Caractacus another of his Sons and slew him in Battel Claudius coming over into Britain in Person in the Third Year of his Reign in the 43 Year of Christ
took this City and was therefore called BRITANNICVS He made it a Roman Colony planting in it a Regiment of old Soldiers and ordered Money to be Coined with this Inscription COL CAMALODVN Cambden saith from this Money it is Collected this Expedition was in the twelfth Year of his Reign fifty two years after the Birth of Christ Certain it is this City soon felt the fury of the Britains under Boadicia Qu. of the Iceni who took and burnt it and put all the Romans to the Sword about the Year of Christ sixty three Yet the Romans rebuilt it as appears by Antoninus Edward the Son of Alfred a Saxon King finding it much ruined by the Danes repaired and fortified it with a Castle William the Conqueror had here one hundred and eighty Houses in the Tenure of the Burgesses and eighteen wasted In Mr. Cambden's time it was a well inhabited Town consisting of one Street of a Mile in length built on the ridge of an Hill and having a convenient Haven Now not only a Corporation which sends two Burgesses to Parliament but also made a Viscounty the thirteenth of Charles II. and given to the late Earl of Essex The Maleas are a People which live in the Mountains of Malabar towards the Confines of Coromandel near the Dominions of the King of Madura Amongst them there live many Christians of the old Conversion called the Christians of S. Thomas Maleg a River of the Vpper Aethiopia which ariseth in the Kingdom of Damut and receiving the River Anquet after a Course of eighty Leagues falls into the Nile in Nubia below the Province of Fasculon Malaguette Mallaguete or Managuete the Western part of Guiney in Africa called by the Dutch Tand-Cust by the French Cote des Graives about 60 Leagues long extending from the River Sanguin to the Cape of Palmes which Cape separates it from Guinea propria It hath the reputation of a considerable place for the Pepper trade First planted with some Colonies of French and afterwards by the Portuguese English and Dutch Malemba a Kingdom of Africa betwixt the Kingdom of Angola and the Lake of Zembre Malespine a Marquisate and Souereignty in Tuscany in Italy near the States of Genoua The same properly with the ancient principality or now Dukedom of Massa belonging formerly to the Family of the Malespini which since has been incorporated with the House of Cibo Malfi Amalphis or Amalphi a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Principato honoured with an Archbishops See and a Dukedom but little and not well inhabited It lies on the North side of the Bay of Salerno eleven from Salerno to the West and twenty two from Naples to the South The Emperor Lotharius II. in the War he undertook in the behalf of Pope Innocent II. against Roger K. of Sicily and Anacletus an Antipope mastered and plundered this City They pretend that here are the Bones of St. Andrew the Apostle brought from Judea about the Year 1206 and that the Seaman's Compass was invented here by Flavio Gioïa an Italian in 1300. P. Nicholas II. celebrated a Council here in 1059. in which the Dukedoms of Puglia and Calabria were confirmed to Robert Guichard the Valiant Norman for his Services in the expulsion of the Saracens Long. 38. 35. Lat. 40. 52. Malines See Mechelen Maliapur Maliapura a City on the Coast of Coromandel commonly called St. Thomas as being the place of the Martyrdom of that Apostle and an Archiepiscopal City written also Meliapor it was taken by the French in 1671. and deserted two years after Long. 108. 50. Lat. 13. 12. Malling West a Market Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath. Mallorca See Majorca Malmesbury Maldunense Caenobium a Town built on the Western Bank of the River Avon the Capital of its Hundred on the Confines of the County of Glocester in the County of Wiltshire which took its name and rise from Maidulph a Learned Irish Scot who being highly admired both for his Piety and Learning erected here a School and a Monastery which Adelme his Scholar much improved becoming after his death the Tutelar Saint of Athelstane King of England who died in 938. after he had much enriched this Monastery by his Princely Donations this Adelme was the first who taught the Saxons the Latin Poetry No less honor is due to this Place on the score of William of Malmesbury a Learned Historian for the Times in which he lived which was about 1143. The Monastery thrived so well that at the suppression of it by Henry VIII its Revenue was above eight hundred and three pounds the year Whether its late Philosopher Thomas Hobbs has added to the Honor of this Place by being born here is left to the Judgment of Posterity The Town is now a Corporation represented by its Burgesses in Parliament and in a tolerable Condition by reason of its Clothing Trade It has six Bridges over the River being almost encircled therewith A Synod was held at it in 705. or 707. Malmugon Malmoe Malmogia a City in Scania in the Kingdom of Sweden called by the Hollanders Elbogon because it represents the Bent of the Elbow of an Arm. It was built in 1319. and has a safe Harbor over against Coppenhagen on the Sound In 1434. here was a strong Castle built by Ericus King of Denmark the first Encourager of lasting Architecture in this Kingdom In 1658. it first came into the hands of the Swedes in 1676. the Danes endeavoured the recovery of it by a Siege but without success they did the like the year following with the like event It stands four Danish Miles from Coppenhagen to the East Malpas a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Broxton Malta Melita and Island belonging to Africa in the Mediterranean Sea by some taken for the Place where S. Paul suffered Shipwrack in the Year of Christ 58. It s length is twenty Miles breadth twelve circuit about sixty which is its distance too from Pachyno the most South-Eastern Cape of Sicily one hundred and ninety from the nearest Coast of Africa Taken from the Saracens by Roger the Norman Earl of Sicily in 1089. And was under the Kings of Sicily till Charles V. granted it to the Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem now called Knights of Malta from it after they were beaten out of Rhodes in 1530 that he might the easier protect Sicily from the Incursions of the Moors In 1566 they began to build the Bourg or principal City after Solyman the Magnificent had in 1565. reduced the greatest part of the old Town into Dust by a Siege of five Months managed by Dragut his General with the loss of twenty four thousand Men spent to no purpose on this small Island There are sixty Villages in it and three Cities all seated at the East end within the distance of eight Miles which have two large Havens divided by a Rock on the Point stands the Castle of S. Hermes to defend the entrance
became Bishop of it from whom the present Bishop Dr. Levinz is the fourteenth and the twenty ninth of those whose Names are Recorded This Bishop is no Lord of the Parliament of England tho presented to the King for his Assent Royal and to the Archbishop of York for Consecration by reason he holds immediately not of the King but of the Lord of Man to whom under the Fief and Sovereignty of the King belongs the Right of Nomination Manar Manaria a small Island with a City on it which is in the Hands of the Hollanders it lies in the Streight between the Island of Ceylon and the Coast of Malabar in the East-Indies and gives Name to that Streight Long. 108. 30. Lat. 09. 33. Manceaux the People of Maine a Province in France La Mancha Lamitanus Ager a Province in the South of New Castile in Spain the Seat of the Oretani an ancient People of Spain mentioned by Strabo and Pliny It is divided into La Mancha d' Arragon and La Mancha Cieca La Manche Mare Britannicum the French Name of the British Sea lying between France and England Manchester Manduessedum a Town in the County of Warwick mentioned by Antoninus now a poor Village of about fourteen Houses one Mile from Atherstone to the South and eight from Covenventry to the North § Manchester Mancunium Manucium a very rich populous and beautiful Market-Town upon the East side of the River Spoden near the Borders of Cheshire at the South End of the County of Lancaster in the Hundred of Salford in which Thomas Lord de la Ware founded a a College This was an ancient Roman City and being ruined in the Saxon and Danish Wars was rebuilt by Edward the Elder about 920. The College has been since refounded and confirmed by Queen Elizabeth and is still in being There is also a Collegiate Church Charles I. added another Honour to this Place by creating Henry Montague Earl of Manchester in 1625. which Honour is now possessed by Edward Montague his Grand child the third Earl of this family Mandignan Hesperium Cornu Cape Verde the most Western Cape of Africa Mande Mimatium a City of Aquitain in Languedoc in France towards the Mountains of Sevennes and the Fountains of the River Lot Olda which is a Bishop See under the Archbishop of Alby called by some Latin Writers Anderitum and Gabalum the Capital of the Territory of Givaudan four Miles from Jaoux where are are the Ruins of that old City out of which this we are speaking of sprung being before only a Village at the Foot of this Mountain ten Leagues from S. Flour to the North East fourteen from from Rhodez to the East It stands in a mountainous but fruitful Soil and it is honoured with the Bones of S. Privatus a Martyr The Bishop enjoys divers great Privileges together with the Title of an Earl Mandinga a Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa betwixt the River Niger to the North and the Kingdom of Malaguette to the South its Capital City bearing the same Name Mandou a City and Kingdom in the Empire of the Great Mogul in the East Indies Mandoua a River in the Kingdom of Decam which falls by the City of Goa into the Indian Ocean See Goa Mandrerey a River in the Island of Madegascar it springs in a Territory of its own Name and greatned with the Currents of divers other Rivers discharges it self into the Ocean at the North of the Island near the Province of Carcanossi Manfredonia Sepontum Novum Manfredonia a City in the Province called the Capitanato in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Archbishops See and has this Name from Manfredus King of Naples Son of Frederick II. Emperor of Germany who built it about the year 1256. Not above two Miles from hence at the Foot of Mount Gargano are shewn the Ruins of Sepontum an old ruined Roman Town the See of which was Translated to Manfredonia It has a large Haven a strong Castle seated twenty five Miles from Nocera to the East and twenty two from the Mouth of the River Ofanto Aufidus to the North. Taken once by the Turks in the year 1620. and miserably defaced spoiled and ruined since in some degree repaired but the memory of that Calamity has made it little poor and not much inhabited A Provincial Council was assembled at it in 1567. Long. 40. 10. Lat. 41. 40. Mangalor Mangalora a City of the Kingdom of Bisnagar upon the Western Shoar which has a Castle and an Harbour upon the Indian Sea in a Tract called Canara towards Malabar Heretofore under the Portuguese This may possibly be the same with that the Ancients called Mandagara Long. 105. 00. Lat. 12 30. Mangresia Magnesia the Capital City of Caria a Province in the Lesser Asia near the River Maeander whence it was called Magnesia ad Maeandrum to distinguish it from some other Cities of the same Name Before this it was called Thessaloce and Androlitia as Pliny saith It stands near Mount Thorax seventy Miles from Smyrna to the North-East and twenty six from Ephesus Themistocles the Athenian died here in Banishment and Antiochus King of Syria sixty three years before the Birth of our Savour Long. 57. 00. Lat. 39. 00. Manhate the same with New Amsterdam in North America in New-Holland Manheim Manbemium a Fortress in the Lower Palatinate where the Rhine and the Necker meet grown up to a City whereas before it was only a Village Frederick IV. Elector Palatine in 1606. fortified it In 1622. the Spaniards took and dismantled it Being restored by the Treaty of Munster to this House Charles Lewis the last Elector resortified it It stands three German Miles from Spire to the North and as much from Heydelburgh to the West It has a very strong Castle called Friderichsbourgh near it upon the Rhine lies another called Eichelsheim now ruined in which John XXIII Pope was kept two years a Prisoner after he was deposed by the Council of Constance The French possessed themselves both of the City and Fortress Nov. 13. 1688. S. Manehu See S. Meneboult ◠Manifold a River of Staffordshire Manille Manilla the same with Lusson Maningtree or Manytree a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Tendring Manissa Magnesia a City of Lydia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Smyrna twenty four Miles from Smyrna to the North West Now in a tolerable Condition under the Turks and the Capital of a Province Manoa el dorado a Town in South America in Guiana upon the Western Shoar of the Lake of Parime concerning which the Indians report great things but it was never yet seen by any European Manosque Manuesca a Town in Provence in France in the Diocese of Sisteron in a Plain one League from the River Durance belonging to the Order of the Knights of Malta by the Concession the ancient Counts of Forcalquier who had a Palace in it Some would have it to
through it but now it lies in Ruins therefore called Rovine di Mariana nothing being left but the Cathedral Church which has no Roof neither the Bishops See being removed to Bastia in 1575. Marib See Mecca Mariemberg Mariae-berga a Town of Germany in the Vpper Saxony in Misnia nine German Miles from Meissen the Capital of that Province to the South This is one of the Mine Towns seated in the Mountains near Annaberg in the Borders of Bohemia built by Henry Duke of Saxony in 1519. and still in the Hands of that Family Marienbourg a Town in Hainault in the Low Countries built by Mary of Austria Queen of Hungary and Governant of the Low Countries in 1542. and strongly fortified against the French who nevertheless gained the possession of it by the Pyrenean Treaty in 1660. and dismantled it This stands upon the River Aube eleven French Leagues from Mons to the East and four from Charlemont to the South-West Marienburgh Mariaeburgum called by the Poles bork by the Inhabitants Margenburgh is a strong City in Prussia Regalis whereof it is the Capital upon the River Nogat a Branch of the Vistula six German Miles from Dantzick to the North-East and four from Elbing to the South-West Heretofore the principal Seat of the Knights of Prussia who built it and dedicated it to the Virgin Mary the Castle in 1281 the Town in 1302. Casimirus King of Poland took this City in 1460. The Swedes in 1625. The Castle was burnt in 1644. and restored to the Poles in 1655. by Treaty Marienburgh or Marieburgh the same with Queen's Town in Ireland See Queen's County Mariendal the same with Mergentheim Mariestadt Mariaestadium a new City in Westrogothia in Sweden between the Lakes of Wener and Neter three German Miles from the former and six from the latter Long. 31. 19. Lat. 58. 27. Marigalante one of the Caribby Islands in South America under the French six Leagues from Guadeloupe and ten or twelve from Dominco Recommended for Fruitfulness Marignano Melignanum Meriganum a Town in the Duchy of Milan upon the River Lambro in the middle between Milan and Lodive ten Miles from either Near this the Swiss were beaten by Francis I. in 1515. Marinat Scardus a Mountain in Macedonia it parts Servia Albania and Macedonia and ends at the Euxine Sea near Saramontin the Borders of Romania Drino and many other Rivers spring from it In the Maps it is written Mazinai Marish Mariscus Marus a River of Transylvania it ariseth from the Carpathian Hills and passeth by Neumark Radnot Alba Julia or Weissenburg Branksa and Lippa to Segedin where it ends in the Tibiscus This is the principal River of Transylvania Mariza Hebrus a River of Thrace it ariseth out of Mount Hebrus which is a Branch of Mount Marinat in the Northern Confines of Macedonia Servia and Bulgaria where they all meet from two Fountains and running East it watereth Phileba or Philippopolis Adrianople and Ploutin where it receives Copriza and turning Southward falls into the Archipelago over against Lembro Mark See Marck Market-Iew a Market Town in the County of Cornwal and the Hundred of Penwith Marieborow or Marleburg Cunetio an ancient Roman Town seated upon the River Kenet in Wiltshire in the North-West Bounds towards Barkshire upon the ascent of an Hill In this there was a famous Parliament held for ending the Differences between the Barons and the King in the fifty second year of Henry III. A. C. 1267. where were made the Statutes called the Statutes of Marleburgh The Parliament assembled in a Castle which this place anciently had belonging unto John Sans terre as he was surnamed afterwards King of England It is still a Corporation which sends two Burgesses to the Parliament and hath withal the Convenience of Savernake Forest and Aldburn Chase in its Neighbourhood Charles I. at his Coronation added another Honour to this place by Creating James Lord Ley Lord Treasurer Earl of Marleborow February 5. 1625. which was afterwards possessed by William the fourth Earl of this Family Grandchild to the first Earl who succeeded Henry his Nephew slain in a Sea-Fight against the Dutch in 1665. The Lord Churchill enjoys this Title at present by the Creation of King William Marlow Magna a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Disborough probably so called for the Store of Marl or Chalk here dug up Marmara Strymon a River on the South of Macedonia towards the Borders of Thrace more usually called Stromona and also Radnitz and Iscar it falls in the Archipelago at Amphipoli Marmora Elaphonesus an Island in the Propontis on the Coast of Asia famous for Marble Quarries it is ten or twelve Leagues in circuit with a City the Capital of its own Name and divers Villages inhabited by the Religious Caloyers The adjacent Sea is called from hence the Sea of Marmora which discharges it self on one side into the Pontus Euxinus by the Bosphorus Thracius and on the other towards the South into the Aegean Sea by the Hellespont The ancient Poet Aristeas adorned this Island with his Nativity It communicates its Name to the three Neighbouring Islands Avezia Coutalli Gadaro called in general the Islands of Marmora They all stand in a good Climate abounding in Corn Wine Cattel Cotton and Fruit inhabited principally by the Religious Greeks and some Arabians Ptolemy mentions Marmora by the Name of Proconnesus Others call it Neuris Marmorica the present Kingdom of Barca in Africa it had heretofore for its Bounds Libya Propria to the East and Cyrenaica to the West Marne Matrona a great River in France which ariseth in Champaigne near Langres in a Village called Marmote in the Confines of the Franche Comte and running North-West watereth Langress Chaumont â—oynevil S. Dizier Chalons and Meaux then falls into the Seyne two Miles above Paris Maro A Valley Marquisate and Town upon the Confines of the States of Genoua belonging to the Duke of Savoy Marocco is both a City and a Kingdom in Africa in the West Part of Barbary the Kingdom of Marocco is a considerable part of Mauritania Tingitana extended on the Atlantick Ocean from the River Abene to that of Azamor on the East it has the River Malava which parts it from Tremesen on the West the Atlantick Ocean on the South Mount Atlas and on the North the Kingdom of Fez. The Country is said to be very fruitful and pleasant abounding in Cattle Fruits Corn Sugar Oil Hony and whatever is useful to the Life of Man Divided into seven Provinces which are Guzzula Sus Marocco Hea Hascora Daccala and Tedles The King takes the style of Emperour of Barbary and Marocco King of Fez Suz c. Hath a great number of Castles in this Kingdom yet there is one kept by the Portugueze two Leagues from Azamor Marocco Marochum Marochia Marochium the principal City which gives Name to the whole called by the Spaniards Maruccos by the Italians Marocho is supposed to have been the Bocanum
Majensis Comitatus a County in the West of Ireland in the Province of Connaught bounded on the West by the Ocean on the South with the County of Gallway on the East with that of Roscomen and on the North with Slego It is a fruitful pleasant County rich in Cattle Deer Hawks and Honey taking its name from Mayo a small City and a Bishops See in the Roman Provincial called Mageo but the Bishoprick is annexed to that of Tuam and the Jurisdiction assigned to that of Killaley in the Barony of Tir Auley There lies in this County a vast Lake called Lough Mesk in which are two small Islands with strong Forts belonging to the Family of the Burkes who raised heretofore great Rebellions here Cambden Mazagan Mazaganum a City or Fort in the Kingdom of Marocco in the Province of Ducala with a Harbour upon the Atlantick Ocean and a very strong Fort in the hands of the Portuguese who built it in 1508. and in 1562. defeated a vast Army of Moors that came to besiege it eighteen Leagues from Cape Cantin to the North-East Mazandran See Masandran Mazar Babylon an ancient City in Egypt Mazara a City in the Island of Sicily on the Southern Shoar near the South-West Cape which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Palermo it is seated in the Valley or Province of Mazara at the Mouth of a small River of the same name it has a large safe convenient Haven and is well fortified thirty Miles from Trepano to the South and sixty from Gergenti to the West The Province of Mazara is one of the three into which Sicily stands now divided on the North West and South It is surrounded with the Sea but on the East it has the Valley De Demona and De Noto which are the other two Provinces The principal City is Palermo the rest are Trepano Marsella Mazara and Gergenti Mazarino or Moracini Mactorium a Castle in the Valley del Noto in the Island of Sicily giving the Title of a Count. Mazariâ—ci Hippici a Branch of Mount Taurus in Asia Mazira an Island in the Red Sea belonging to Arabia Mazoure a Town in the Kingdom of Aegypt in the lower part of it near to which S. Lewis King of France gave Battel to the Saracens and was taken Prisoner by them in 1250. Mazzo a small Town in the Valtoline where the French under the Conduct of the Duke of Rohan gained a memorable Victory over the Imperialists in 1635. Mâ—islaw See Mscislaw Meaco Meacum a vast City in the Kingdom of Japan in the Island of Niphon in the Province of Jetseng called by the Inhabitants Cabucoma It has a Royal and Princely Palace in which their Kings formerly lived a fine Haven and a Fort still very great and populous yet much diminished since the Court went to reside at Isdo one hundred twenty five Miles from this City to the West and because in the Civil Wars of Japan the greatest part of it was burnt Mearon Mearus a River of Galicia in Spain Meath Media a County in the Province of Leinster in Ireland called by the Irish Midh bounded on the East by the County of Fyngal and Kildare separated by the River Bayne on the South by Kildare and Kings County on the West by Roscomen and Longford and on the North by the County of Monaghen It is divided into two parts by the names of East and West Meath An ancient English Pen saith it is very fruitful and pleasant to the Eye well watered with Rivers abounding with Fish full of Cattle well supplied with Corn and that the Woods and Marshes in the Skirts of it make the access so difficult on all sides that it is justly called the Chamber of Ireland In the thirty eighth year of Henry VIII this County being thought too big to be governed by one Sheriff was divided by Act of Parliament into two Counties Meaux Meldorum urbs Meledis Jatinum Meldarum Meldae Jatinum a City in the Province of Brie of which it is the Capital and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sens it is a delicate populous City seated upon the Marne which divides it into two parts ten Leagues from Paris to the North-East eighteen from Reims to the South-West and twenty five from Amiens to the South In the year 1358. during the Imprisonment of John King of France it was sacked and burnt for complotting with the Parisian Faction against Charles the Dauphine Regent of France Son of King John In 1421. the Victorious English took it by Capitulation after a Siege of three Months and some private Synods have been assembled at it Mecca Mecque a City in Arabia which Bellonius in his Observations thinks was called by the Ancients Petraea but others upon better Reasons suppose it to be their Marraba It stands upon the River Chaibar in a Valley ten days Journey from Medina twice so big as it and about forty Miles from the Shoars of the Red Sea to the East Compassed on all Sides by Mountains the Soil of it is dry and barren yet much frequented by vast Shoals of Mahometans from all parts every year which come to celebrate the Memory of that Grand Impostor Mahomet who in 622. first began to settle his abominable Doctrine to the ruin of so great a part of mankind The Mahometans pay so great a respect to this Place that should any Christian be found in or near it they would burn him alive For the rest the Reader may consult M. Thevenot's Travels The Mosque stands in the middle of the City in a descent with two Towers and a Dome of extraordinary heighth one hundred Gates and a Window to each adorned throughout the whole with Structures Artifices and Donations inestimably fine and rich See Medina Mechelen Malines Mechlinia a City in Brabant made an Archbishops See by Pope Paul IV. It is called by the French Malines and by the Spaniards Malinas Seated upon the River Dender in the midst of the Dukedom of Brabant between Antwerp Brussels and Lovain about four Leagues from each of them It fell to the Bishop of Liege by Inheritance as Heir of the Family of Berthold and in 1328. was sold by him to Reginald Duke of Guelderland for forty thousand Crowns who again sold it to Lewis Earl of Flanders who in 1346. granted it to the Duke of Brabant Before these times it was an Imperial Free City but long since exempt Till 1503. it was the seat of the Great Council that governed all these Countries which was then removed to Brussels Mechoacan a Province of New Spain in America between Mexico to the East and New Galicia to the West extended eighty Leagues upon the Pacifick Ocean to the South The City of Mechoacan gives it this name which is very great populous and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico forty seven Spanish Leagues from Mexico to the West and seven from the Lake of Mechoacan to the South This Word in the Indian
Tongue signifies the Fishing-Place Meckleburg or Mekelbourg Meckelburgum Megalopolis a City of Germany in the Lower Saxony heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Breme and the Capital of the Dukedom of Meckelburg now ruined nothing remaining but a Castle near the Baltick Sea one Germany Mile from Wismar to the South and three from Swerin which is now the Bishops See to the North. This in the times of the Vandals and Heruli was the greatest City in Europe ruined by removing the Ducal Seat to Wismar because this Town was too big to be fortified as Crantius saith The Dukedom of Meckleburg is a Province of Germany in the Lower Saxony of considerable extent on the North bounded with the Baltick Sea on the East by Pomerania on the West by Holstein and Lawenburg and on the South by the Marquisate of Brandenburg It is now under two Princes of the same Family the Eastern under the Duke of Gustrow and the Western under the Duke of Swerin The Vandals Heruli and Burgundians were the ancient Inhabitants of this Country The Dukes are descended from Peribislaus the last King of the Heruli who being conquered by Henry the Lyon was forced about 1158. to take the Title of Duke instead of King as an Homager to the House of Saxony This Division was made about 1592 upon the Death of John the last single Duke of this intire Dukedom The Reformation was embraced betimes in this Country Medelpad Medelpadia a Province of Sweden which is a part of Angerman between Helsinga to the South Angerman properly so called Jemptland to the North the Baltick Sea to the East and Dale-Carle to the West Medemblick a Town in West Friesland one of the Vnited Provinces of the Low-Countries seated upon the Zuyder Sea upon which it has a large and secure Haven two Miles and an half from Hoorn and above eight from Amsterdam to the North. It is in the Maps Medenblick Media an ancient and celebrated Kingdom of Asia betwixt Armenia Major Hyrcania the Caspian Sea Assyria Susiana c. Where are now the Provinces of Schirvan Gilan Hyerach Agemy and Dilemon in Persia It was in the beginning subject to the Assyrians till Arbaces Governour of Media under Sardanapalus King of Assyria taking advantage of the loosness of that Prince to cast off the yoak of the Assyrian Empire established a Second in Media in his own person Anno Mundi 3178. according to the common Computation one hundred years before the first Olympiad and eight hundred seventy six before the Coming of Christ This Monarchy of the Medes continued under nine Kings from Arbaces to Astyages three hundred and seventeen years and then Astyages lost his Crown and Throne to Cyrus Anno Mundi 3495. Anno Romae 195. in the beginning of the fifth Olympiad The Capital City of the Medes was Ecbatana The others Arsacia now Casbin Cyropolis c. As for the name of Media most agree to derive it from Madai one of the Sons of Japhet Medina del Campo Methymna Campestris a Town in Old Castile in Spain Medina Caeli Ecelesta Augustobriga Mediolum Secontia Vetus Methymna Celia a small Roman City in Old Castile in Spain built upon an Hill near the River Xalon Salo and gives the Title of a Duke to the Family de Corda one of the Noblest Families in Spain which pretends a Right to the Crown of that Kingdom This City stands two Leagues from the Fountains of the River Xalon to the East thirty one from Madrid to the North-East and thirty four from Saragoza to the South-West Medina del rio Seco Forum Egurrorum Methymna Sicca a Town in the Kingdom of Spain Medina Sidonia Asindum Assidonia a Town in Andaluzia mentioned by Ptolemy now made famous by giving the Title of a Duke to the Family of Gusman in Spain it stands upon a Hill nine Miles from Cadiz to the East twenty five from Malaga to the West and was once a Bishops See as Haubertus avers Medina Talnabi that is the City of the Prophet a City in Arabia upon the River Laakic thirty Miles from the Red Sea to the East two hundred from Mecca to the North having a Port upon the Red Sea called Jambi at the Mouth of the River Long. 70. 10. Lat. 26. 00. according to our last Maps This City was of old called Jatrib by Stephanus Jatrippa by Ptolemy Latrippa at present Metina Medina It is seated in a Plain between Mount Ohod to the North and Mount Air to the South Mahomet the Grand Impostor who was born here in 560. finding his Country-men not overmuch inclined to imbrace his new Doctrines fled from hence to Mecca in 617. Having there by his Impostures gathered a great Rabble and pretending a quarrel against the Jews who had a Synagogue in this City he attempted to reduce it by force of Arms unprosperously at first but with better success the second time thereupon he turned the Jewish Synagogue into the first Mosque for the Exercise of his new Religion They of Mecca being alarmed with this Conqueâ—t in the next place took up Arms against him and prevailed but in the second Battel were defeated and subdued Therefore he fixed his chief Seat at Mecca where or here as others say he died in 631. at sixty three years of Age according to some at seventy twenty three of which he spent in propagating his abominable Doctrines thirteen at Medina and ten at Mecca five of which ten followed his Conquering Mecca The Mosque is extremely rich and magnificent sustained by four hundred Pillars which are charged with above three thousand Lamps of Silver and Here there is seen the Tomb of Mahomet which is a Coffin elevated upon Pillars of Black Marble under a Canopy of Cloath of Silver and Gold which the Bassa of Egypt by the Grand Seignior's Order renews every year surrounded with Ballisters and abundance of Lamps of Silver The Mediterranean Sea called by the Romans Mare Internum by the French Italians and Spaniards with little difference il Mare Mediterraneo by the Germans die Mittellendish Meer by the Dutch het Meidâ—anichezee by the Poles Morze Modkeâ—emie idoce by the Turks Ac Denghiz This is the most celebrated Sea in the whole World first discovered and most used by mankind It breaks in from the Atlantick Ocean between Spain and Africa by a Streight of seven Miles broad as the Ancients report it on the North it has Europe on the East Asia and on the South Africa Called by various names as to its parts that Branch of it between Spain France and Italy is called the Tyrrhenian Sea that between Italy to the West Greece and Dalmatia to the East the Adriatick now the Gulph of Venice and the Ionian Sea that which parts Greece from Asia to the Dardanells formerly called the Aegean Sea is now called the Archipelago that which expands it self between Greece and Asia as far as Constantinople is called the Propontis or Sea of Constantinople and that much
Borders of the Capitanate towards the Mountains upon the River Melfi or Molpa four Miles from the River Ofanto sixty five from Naples to the East and almost forty from Manfredonia South Mellila Ryssadirum a Town in Barbary subject to the King of Spain It lies in the Kingdom of Fez in the Province of Garet or Jeyrat taken by Ferdinand King of Spain in 1496. who gave order for the fortifying it It is seated on the Mediterranean Sea in a fruitful Plain at the foot of a Mountain almost forty German Miles from the Mouth of the Streights of Gibraltar to the East over against Almeria in Granada Being besieged by the Moors Anno 1687. the Garrison slew five hundred of them in one Salley October 5. whereupon the next day they lest the Town and drew off Melinde Melinda a Town and Kingdom in Zanguebar in Africa The Town is a Sea-Port fortified with a Castle which the Portuguese have erected And the Sea adjacent some take to be the Asperum Mare of Ptolemy Melito or Meliton Miletus a small City in the Kingdom of Naples in the further Calabria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio but exempt from his Jurisdiction Pope Gregory VII translated this See from Taurianum a ruined City in 1075. This City is called Melita by Cicero it stands between Cosenza to the North and Regio to the South forty Miles from either five from Nocera and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the East It has been in a decaying condition a long time especially since 1638. in which it suffered very much by an Earthquake Melli Mellum a Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa in which the River Niger is first divided into several Branches Bounded on the East by the Kingdoms of Mandinga and Malegneta on the West by the Atlantick Ocean It has a great and populous City of the same name where the Court resides thirty days journey from Tombut And the Kingdom is tributary to that of Tombut since 1520. Melun Melodunum a City of France in the Province of Brie in the Borders of Gastinois in the Generalité of the Isle of France upon the Seyne which it covers with two Bridges four Leagues from Fountainbleau to the South-East ten from Paris to the South and three from Corbeil In this City died Robert King of France in 1030. and Philip I. in 1109. It hath a Castle many fine Churches gives the title of a Viscount and its name to an honourable family Memel or Memmel Memelium Memmelburgum Cleupeda a Town in the Kingdom of Poland in the Province of Samogitia seated upon the Banks of the Baltick Sea thirty Polish Miles from Koningsperg to the North thirty eight from Riga to the South-West Baudrand ascribes it to Russia Regalis and to the County of Sambienfi and saith it has a strong Castle a Lake and a safe Harbour This Town was taken by Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden in 1628. But restored to the Poles under whom it now is almost intirely ruined by Fire in 1678. now rebuilt Long. 50. 00. Lat. 56. Memel Chronus a River which ariseth in Lithuania about fifteen Polish Miles South of Minski called Niemen by the Poles It watereth Grodno and Kowna and entering Prussia Regia is called Russ and falling at last into the Lake of Memel by the Town of Memel entereth the Baltick Sea at Kowna This River takes in the Vill which watereth Vilna and is one of the most considerable Rivers in these parts Memmingen Drusomagus Memminga an Imperial Free City in Schwaben in Germany upon the River Iler seven German Miles from Vlm to the South and nine from Ausburg to the North-West Menan Menanius a vast River in the further East-Indies which ariseth out of the Lake of Chiammay and passing the Kingdoms of Pegua and Siam it watereth Odia or Siam the Capital of that Kingdom and Anio then by two great Mouths falls into the Bay of Siam in Long. 328. Menapii an ancient People of Gallia Belgica whose Capital Town was the Modern Kessel in the Dutchy of Brabant Menaw the Isle of Man Mende See Mande Mendlesham a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Hartesmere S. Menehoult Sancta Menehildis a strong Town in Champaign put into the Hands of the Spaniards by the Prince of Conde in 1652. and recovered to France in 1653. It is seated in the Territory of Argonne the Capital of which it is upon the River Aisne Axona nine Leagues from Verdun to the South and six from Bar le Duc to the North-West It has a Castle of great strength Baudrand writes this S. Menehould the Maps S. Manheu Mengrelia Colchis a Province in Asia in Georgia towards the North and the Euxine Sea which bounds it on the West Abascia separated from it by the River Coraz now called Colours lies on the North Guriel on the South cut off by the Phasis now Rione Imaretza and Susan on the East This Country is well watered fruitful under a Prince of its own descended of the Kings of Georgia It had a City called Sebastopolis which is now swallowed up by the Waters See Archangelus Lambertus and Sir John Chardin The first of which lived many years in this Country the latter has lately published an account of what he saw there For their Manners see Georgia The present Prince of Mengrelia is the eighth of this Family and Tributary to the Turks whose Tribute is sixty thousand Ells of Linnen Cloth made here and this is as much as he can well afford his Revenue not exceeding 20000 Crowns per ann much of which is raised from his Subjects sold for Slaves to the Turks to the number of seven or eight thousand in a year Which with their perpetual and fierce Wars has so depopulated this Country that the Prince is not able to bring above four thousand Horse and three thousand Foot into the Field and might easily be totally subdued by the Turks if it were thought worth the while or possible to keep a roving People who have neither Towns nor Cities in subjection when they are once Conquered Menteith Menthitia a County in the North of Scotland Bounded on the West by Lenox and the Lake Lomond on the North by Albain on the East by Stratherne and on the South by Sterling and Lenox The principal Town in it is Dunblain The Damnii inhabited in ancient times a part of this County in the Opinion of Mr. Cambden Mentz Meintz Moguntia Magontiacum a City of Germany of great Antiquity called by the Inhabitants Mayntz by the French Mayence by the Spaniards and Italians Magonza It stands in the Lower Circle of the Rhine upon the Rhine six German Miles from Franckfort on the Mayne to the West eighteen from Treves and fifteen from Spire to the North. Mentioned by Ptolemy and Tacitus It has its Name from the River Main or Moin which falls into the Rhine over against it The ancientest City in that part of Germany as having been certainly
demolished by the English It has a Collegiate Church § There is another Meun in the same Province upon the River Inde betwixt Chateau-roux and Bruzancais § And a Third in the Province of Orleanois under the right side of the Loyre betwixt the City Orleans and Baugency Adorned with a Collegiate Church and taken heretofore by the Victorious English under the Earl of Salisbury In Latin Magdunum Meurs Meursia a small City of the Dukedom of Cleves though seated in the Bishoprick of Cologn which is an Earldom and belongs together with its Territory to the Prince of Orange by the gift of the last Countess in 1600. Yet the Duke of Brandenburgh lays claim to it as Duke of Cleves It lies two Miles from Rhineburgh to the South one from the Rhine to the West about ten from Cologn to the North-West and seven from Cleves to the South-West Meurtre Mourtre Murta Morta a River of Lorrain it ariseth from Mount Vauge and watering Nancy falls into the Moselle three Leagues above Pont Mouson Meuse Mosa the same with the Maes Mexico Mexicum a vast City in the North America the Capital of New Spain and of a Province of the same name in that Kingdom the Seat of the Spanish Viceroy of the West-â—naâ—es and an Archbishop's See This City stands upon the North side of a Lake of the same name in a most pleasant fruitful and large Plain and in great part surrounded with the Lake The Inhabitants pretend it was built in 1322. The Spaniards by the current and thread of their Story say it was built in 902. It was many Ages since the Royal Seat of the Kings of Mexico had then a great and splendid Palace called in their Tongue the Tepac but burnt together with the City when it was taken by the Spaniards in 1521. by Francis Cortez who rebuilt the City and made it the Capital of his Conquests Its Streets are great streight and beautiful its Churches magnificent its publick Buildings noble It has an Aquaduct three Miles long and many Monasteries John de Turre Cremata our Countryman Mr. Gage and some others have given large accounts of this noble City which is the greatest in America It has no Walls Forts Bastions nor any Cannon or Defence whatsoever beside what the number of its Inhabitants afford which is a part of the Spanish Jealousie for fear a Viceroy should set up for himself In 1527. Pope Clement VII made it a Bishop's See In 1547. Paul III. made it an Archbishop's See in which Year Cortez the Conqueror died It was made an University in 1551. by Charles V. As it is seated in a very low ground so it has often suffered very much by Inundations of the Lake particularly Septemb. 21. 1629. forty thousand of its Inhabitants were drowned to prevent this for the future they have with great Charges found out a means to drive part of these Waters other ways There is no way to the City but over three Causways on the North West and South sides the latter of which is the longest Long. 269. 00. Lat. 28. 30. eighty Spanish Leagues from the South Sea and the same distance from the Shores of the Bay of Mexico See Golfo di Mexico There are also two Lakes of Water called by the name of this City one of which is fresh Water seven Leagues long six broad the other is salt Water forty Leagues in compass Meydenburg See Magdeburg Meylandt the German Name for Milan Meyne See Mayn § Also a Mineral Spring much resorted to of late near the City Arles in Provence Mezaal a pretended Island in Aethiopia See Meroë Mezieres Maderiacum Meceria a City of France in Champagne in the Territory of Retelois built upon and almost encompassed with the Maes and very well fortified besides It stands not above half a League from Charleville four beneath Sedan to the West three from the Confines of Luxemburgh and sixteen from Reims to the North-East and hath a Collegiate Church Mezo Amyzon a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia still extant and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Sancta Croce being seated between Magnesia and Alabanda thirty Miles from Miletus now Melasso and the same distance from the Shoares of the Archipelago to the East Mezuma oppidum novum a City in the Kingdom of Algïer in Africa in the Province of Tenez between Algier and Tremesin Mezzaba a Province in Biledulgerida in Africa with a City of the same name by the great River between Zeb and Tegorarina to the West Mezzovo Pindus Miana Apamia or Apamea a City of Media Long. 79. 50. Lat. 34. 20. Miary a River in Brasil which receives the Ovaro Covo and divers other Rivers then falls into the Ocean near the Island of Maragnan upon the Coast of Brasil Micoli an Island of the Aegean Sea betwixt Nicaria to the East and the Islands Tenon and Andron to the North. One of the Cyclades called by the Antients Mycone and Myconos It produces Wine Cotton Barley and abundance of Game planted with one only Village which pays a yearly Tribute to the Turks Middleburgh Metelli Castrum Middleburgum Metelloburgum a Town in Zealand the Capital of the Isle of Walcheren made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vtretcht in 1559. by Pope Paul IV the Collegiate Church in 1561 being converted into a Cathedral and the Revenues of a famous Abbey that was here applied to serve for the use of the Bishoprick It is great rich populous extremely well fortified and has been under the Vnited Provinces ever since 1574 in which it was taken by their Forces from the Spaniards The Abbey is now the Town-house § There is a Town in Flanders under the Vnited Provinces two German Miles from Bruges to the North and an Island in the East-Indies both called by the same name Middlefart a Town in the Island of Fuynen in the Baltick Sea giving name to the Channel Middelfart or Middle-Passage betwixt this Island and Jutland Middlesex Middlesexia Trinobantes is bounded on the North by Hartfordshire on the West by Buckingham separated by the River Colne on the South by Surrey cut off by the Thames and on the East by Essex divided from it by the Lea. It is nineteen English Miles in length and sixteen in breadth one of the least Counties in England but its Fertility and nearness to London abundantly recompenseth this want of Extent The ancient British Inhabitants were the Trinobantes afterwards it was a part of the Kingdom of the East-Saxons White-hall and S. James the Royal Mansions of the Kings of England are both in this County to which may be added Hampton Court their Country House of Pleasure and LONDON the Capital of England is its Head The Honorable Charles Sackville Earl of Dorset is also Earl of Middlesex by a Creation of Feb. 4. 1674. Which Title was first bestowed by K. James I. in 1622. on Lionel Lord Cranfield Lord Treasurer of England whose Son James enjoyed the same and after
the Possession of it There is a College of the Jesuits here Moienvic a small Town in the Dutchy of Lorain in France upon the River Leille betwixt Marsal and Vic. Taken by Lewis XIII and ceded by the Treaty of Munster to France in 1648. Its Fortifications are demolished Moissac a Town in the County of Quercy in Guienne in France upon the River Tarn which soon after falls into the Garonne This Town has been often taken and retaken by times by the Romans Goths the Kings of France Dukes of Aquitaine Earls of Tolouse and Montfort in the English Conquests and the French Civil Wars It now has a famous large Abbey of the Benedictines to whom belongs the Lordship of part of the Town and to the King the other Moldavia Pars Moesiae inferioris is a considerable Region in Europe which heretofore belonged to the Kingdom of Hungary and more anciently was a part of Dacia Called by the Inhabitants Moldove Multaus or Multauska by the Poles and Moldau by the Germans Bounded on the North by Transylvania on the West by the Vpper Hangary on the South by the Danube which parts it from Servia and Bulgaria and on the E. Walachia The Capital of it is Buchorest The same Author tells us on the Authority of the Count de Morstein Lord Treasurer of Poland that it is of much greater extent than Walachia though otherwise represented in the Maps This Country takes its name from a River or Town in it and extends from East to West ninety French Leagues from North to South sâ—â—eâ—ty Very fruitful and has an excellent Air. The Inhabitants are Christianâ— of the Greek Church under the Patriarch of Constantinople After Bajazet II. had in 1485 Conquered Bessarabia the Moldavians set up a Prince of their own Nation who prevailed against the Tarturs Turks and Poles His Successors have not been equally Fortunate For after many bloody contests in 1620. the Turk got finally the Mastery of the Moldavians and disposed of this Principality to whom he pleased who paid yearly to the Port as a Tribute one hundred and eighty thousand Crowns besides Presents and other Exactions the Turks labouring to impoverish this People what they could to keep them the more under In 1686. the Poles over-ran all their Country and took their principal Cities They therefore since relinquished the Ottoman Interest and voluntarily put themselves under the Protection of the Emperor Anno 1688. Mole a River of the County of Surrey which runs through Darking and empties it self into the Thames near Hampton-Court Molfa Melphes a River of the hither Principate in the Kingdom of Naples which falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea twelve Miles from Policastro to the West It is written sometimes Molpa Molfctta Melfictum a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Province of Bari on the Ionian Sea between Bari to the South and Trani to the North which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari It is small but well Peopled and born by the Family of Spinula with the Title of a Principality Molina a Town in New Castile seated in a Plain between two Mountains four Leagues from the borders of Arragon which has under it a Jurisdiction of seventy five Villages called El Sennorio di Molina the Lordship of Molina which is thought so considerable that the King of Spain wears this Title Molingar Molingaria a small City in the County of East Meath in the Province of Leinster in Ireland which is the Capital of that County thirty Miles from Dublin to the West Upon a Lake Molise Molisinus Comitatus a County in the Kingdom of Naples between Abruzzo to the North the Capitanate to the East Terra di Lavoro to the West and the Principato to the South It takes its name from a Castle in it Molossi an ancient People of the Kingdom of Epirus in Greece Molsheim Molsemium a small City in the Lower Alsatia upon the River Breuch two German Miles from Strasburgh to the West in which the Chapter of Serasburgh settled after they were by the Reformation driven thence This City was severely treated in 1677 but is now rebuilding The Molucques Moluccae by the Spaniards called las Molucas are five small Islands towards the Western Shoar of the Isle of Gilolo in the East-Indies lying near the Line in Long. 150. deg called Ternata Tidor Machian Motir and Bachian The greatest of them is forty five Miles in Compass They lie extended from North to South on both sides the Line only regardable on the account of the vast quantities of Spice which are from hence sent over all the World About the Year of Christ 1013. the Chinian Empire being then in a flourishing State first became Masters of these Islands but not without Blood and Treasure About sixty years after they were expelled by the Inhabitants of Malucca after which succeeded the Persians mixed with Arabians and by the latter they were called the Molucca Isles The ancient Greeks and Romans knew nothing of them though they had Spices from them brought by the Indian and Arabian Merchants by the way of the Red Sea In latter times those were brought by Persia to the Caspian and Euxine Seas and thence dispersed over Christendom by the Genouese and Venetians After the Turks prevailed in Asia the Trade was turned by the way of Grand Cairo and Alexandria But after the Portuguese by many discoveries had opened their way to the East-Indies about 1512. they first arrived in these Islands and cut off all Trade between the Arabians and them by which the Sultan of Egypt lost eight hundred thousand Ducats a year The Spaniards came hither under Ferdinando Magalhaens about 1520 whereupon ensued a Contest between Charles V. and John III. King of Portugal concerning the Dominion of these Islands Charles resigned his Right to John for two hundred thousand Ducats About 1579. the English under Drake began to disturb the Portuguese here About 1599. the Hollanders began to send numerous and strong Fleets into these Seas by which and the great Wars and Changes which have since happened in Spain and Portuga ' they have intirely possessed themselves of these Islands The Earth is extremely dry and poâ—ey ke a Pumice-stone it drinks up not only the Rain as fast as it falls but all those Springs and Rivers too from the Hills before they can reach the Sea and in many places sends out fire and smoak The Plains are covered with Sand and Shells so that except Spice it scarce affords any thing useful to the Life of Man Mombaza or Monbaze Monbaza Monbaccia a Kingdom near the Equinoctial Line of Zanguebar in Africa betwixt the Kingdoms of Queilloa and Melinde of great extent the King who gives himself the title of the Emperor of the World is able to bring into the Field an Army of 80000 Men. The Capital City enjoys the same name and has a strong Castle built by the Portuguese and a fine Sea-Port or Haven It stands an hundred and
Mount Feretranus near the River Arimino in the Confines of Romandiola twenty Miles from Vrbino to the South-West and fifteen from Arimini to the South giving name to an honourable Italian Family This Chair was removed to Pinna a Town four Miles from it by Pope Pius V. in 1572. Monferrant Monferrandum a City in Auvergne in a very fruitful Soil from whence it has the name It stands upon an Hill about one Mile from Cleremont two Leagues from the River Allier and twenty five from Lion now in a flourishing state with divers Religious Houses in it The River Bedat glides by it § There is another Monferand in the Territory called le Pais entre les deux mers that is betwixt the confluence of the Garonne and the Dordogne This latter is the first Barony in Guienne Monferrat See Montferrat Monfâ—a an Island on the Eastern Coast of Africa over against against Quiloa In Long. 65. and deg 8. Southern Lat. Monfort l' Amauri Montfortium Amalrici Monfortium Almariae a small Town in the Territory of Montoran in the Government of the Isle of France betwixt Dampiere and Mante upon an Hill with a little River gliding at its foot about ten Leagues from Paris It carries the name of an honourable Family Mongaguabe a River in Brasil in the Prefecture of Paraiba Mongibello Mount Aetna and by allusion any burning Mountain in the Italian use of this Word Mongul a Province in the Asiatick Tartary Monlui a Mountain in Catalonia Monlusson Monlussonium a City of France in the Dukedom of Bourbon in the Confines of Berry upon the River Cher four Leagues from the Borders of Auvergne and thirteen from Moulins to the West It is ordinarily epitheted la fertile for its Vineyards and Pasturage Monnedy Mons medius Mons maledictus a small but very strong City in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh in the Low Countries upon the River Chier seven Leagues from Virdum to the North and about nine from Luxemburgh to the South-West It stands upon a Hill very well Fortified yet by the negligence of the Spaniards for want of Ammunition and sufficient Garrisons frequently taken by the French At last in 1657 being taken by then it was by the Pyrenean Treaty yielded to France Monmirail Monmiralium a Town in the Province of Brie in France upon an Hill where glides the River Morin falling afterwards into the Marne § Also one of the five ancient Baronies of Perche-Gouet Monmorency Monmoreniacum a Town in the Isle of France four Leagues from Paris to the South-West which gives the Title of a Duke to one of the best and most ancient Families of France From this Town the Valley in which it lies one of the most fruitful spots of Ground in the whole World is called the Valley of Montmorency Monmorillon a small Town in the Province of Poictou in France upon the River Gartampe here covered with a Bridge and the frontiers of la Maache Monmouthshire Monumethia hath on the North the County of Hereford on the East Glocester on the South the Severn and on the West Glamorgan and Brecknockshires It is twenty four English Miles from North to South and nineteen from East to West Full of Hills Valleys Woods and Springs every where fruitful abounding in Corn and Cattle and injoys a temperate healthful clear Air. The most ancient Inhabitants were the Silures Conquered by Julius Frontinus in the Reign of Vespasian after a War of about an hundred years continuance with great loss on the Roman Side nor was this County won with less difficulty by the English the Welsh being intirely possessed of it when the Normans conquered England yet being conquered before Wales it was united to the Crown of England in the Reign of Edward I. and accounted an English County tho lying on the North of the Severn Monmouth which gives Name to this County stands between the Wye and the Monow over both which Rivers it has a Bridge in the North-East Border of the County where Monmouth Hereford and Glocestershires meet as it were all in one Center Three parts of it are secured by these Rivers On the fourth it has a small Brook called Monnors which runs through the Town on the North-East Side where the Town is most accessible it has an ancient Castle once a place of great Strength and Beauty in which Henry V. King of England thence called Henry of Monmouth was born But now ruined and used as a Farm-House there are three of the Gates standing with a part of the ancient Wall it is still a Corporation governed by a Mayor This was also the Birth place of Geofry of Monmouth the Historian It now gives the Title of Earl to the R. H. Charles Mordant Created E. of Monmouth by K. W. As before of a Duke in the Person of James the late unfortunate Duke of Monmouth and it returns two Members to the House of Commons Long. 17. 36. Lat. 52. 08. Monnow a River of Monmouthshire between which and the River Wye stands the Town of Monmouth falling into the Severn Mono Emugi a Kingdom in Africa see Monemagi There are abundance of Elephants with Mines of Brass Silver and Gold found in this Kingdom A part of the Mountains of the Moon is enclosed therewith and the Subjects traffick more especially for Silk Cotton and Amber with the Kingdoms of Queilloa Melinde and Monbaze Betwixt the Estates of the Grand Negus and it lye some petty principalities which are ever in Vassalage to the strongest side Monomotapa a City and Kingdom in the Southern Aethiopia in Africa of great extent which contains in it twenty five other Kingdoms and reaches from North to South two hundred and fifty Spanish Leagues Cluverius stretches it from the Aethiopick Ocean to the Red-Sea Some speak particularly of an Amazonian Kingdom amongst the rest where the Women go to War and acquit themselves with admirable bravery The Portuguese call the King of Monomotapa the Emperor of Gold from the abundance of that mettal found in Mines and the Rivers of his Dominions Monomotapa the Principal City which gives Name to this vast and fruitful Empire lies in Long. 48. 00. Southern Lat. 24. 35. Upon the banks of the River Spiritu Santo very large and adorned with a most magnificent Palace Royal. Monopoli Monopolis a City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples which sprung out of the Ruins of Egnatia an ancient City not far off a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari but exempt from the Jurisdiction of its Metropolitan This City tho small is very splendidly and magnificently built twenty two Miles from Bari to the East and twenty five from Taranto to the North. Monosceli an ancient People of Aethiopia also called Sciopodes and mentioned by Pliny Monreale Montreali Mons Regalis a small City in the Island of Sicily which is yet an Archbishops See It stands upon a Hill about four Miles from Palermo to the South built by William II. King of Sicily By
from Vratislaw to the South and the same distance from Oppeien to the West The Dukedom of Munsterberg lies in Bohemia in the Vpper Silesia now in the possession of the Emperour Bounded by the Dukedom of Grotkaw to the East that of Schweidnitz to the North and Bohemia to the West and South Munsterthal Vallis Monasterii a small Territory in the Canton of Gottespunt amongst the Grisons Munzarrum Taurus a Mountain in the Losser Armenia Muradal or El puerto de Muradal Saltus Castulonensis a passage over the Mountains of Morena leading to New Castile Andaluzia and the Borders of Portugal where Alphonsus King of Castile with the King of Navarre obtained so great a Victory over the Moors as to leave two hundred thousand of them dead upon the place There was heretofore nigh to it a Town called Castulo now a Village by the name of Caslona which gave it the Latin Name of Saltus Castulonensis Murat a small Town in the Province of Auvergne in France upon the River Alagnon at the foot of the Mountains three or four Leagues from S. Flour adorned with the Title of a Viscounty Murrana Crabra a River in Italy which ariseth in Campagnia di Roma and dividing into two Branches one falls into the Teverone two Miles above Rome the other runs through Rome into the Tiber. Murcia a City and a Kingdom in Spain The Kingdom is very small lies on the South of New Castile to which it is now united which bounds it on the North. The Kingdom of Valentia on the East the Kingdom of Granada on the West and the Mediterranean Sea on the South It is called a Kingdom because during its being under the Moors it had distinct Kings for many Ages The chief Cities in it are Carthagena and Murcia the Capital of this Kingdom It is seated on the River Segura in a pleasant Plain in the Confines of the Kingdom of Valentia three Leagues from Orihuela to the West six from Carthagena to the North-West eight from the Mediterranean Sea Retaken from the Moors in 1265. and being a considerable and pleasant place injoys the presence of the Bishop of Carthagena for the most part Muret Muretum a Town in the Province of Gascoigne in Aquitain in France upon the Garonne two Leagues from Tholouse near which Simon Earl of Monfort in 1213. obtained a great Victory over the Albigeois and Arragonois Peter the King of Arragon being there slain together with the Earl of Tholouse and above twenty thousand of their men § Also a small Town in the Province of Limosin in the same Kingdom Muro Muru a small City in the Basiilicate in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza It is seated at the foot of the Appenine in the Confines of the Principate twelve Miles from Cosenza to the North-East and twenty from Acerenza to the West Murray Moravia one of the North-Eastern Shires of the Kingdom of Scotland of great extent from East to West on the North it has the German Ocean and Murray Fyrth on the East Buchan on the South Athole and Marr and on the West Loquaber It is in length ninety Scotch Miles and in its greatest breadth thirty The principal Town is Elgin which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Andrews but he is stiled Bishop of Murray not of Elgin Murray Fyrth Vara a great Arm of the German Ocean which pierceth the Eastern Shoar of Scotland On the North and West it has the County of Ross and on the South Murray and Buchan There is no Town of any consideration upon it except Chaurie Muscovy See Russia Mussidan a Town in the Province of Perigord in France upon the River Lille four or five Leagues from Perigeux famous in the Civil Wars of Religion in the last Age. Mut Vidua a River of Ireland Muya Mulcha the Niger a vast River in Africa Mycone See Micoli Mygdonia a Country of the ancient Macedonia betwixt the Rivers Strymon Stronona Axius Vardari and the Gulph of Aiomana Apollonia Antigonia Amphipalis c. were its principal Cities § The same name was anciently also given to a Country in Mesopotamia lying along the course of the River Mygdonius which watereth the Walls of the City Nifibin and thence runs to the Bed of the Tigris Mycenae an ancient City of the Peloponnesus betwixt Argos and Corinth Otherwise called Agios Adrianos Mylaen Mylias a City of Pamphylia in the Lesser Asia now ruined Myra the ancient name of the City Strumita in Lycia See Strumita Myrbach a small Town in the Vpper Alsatia in Germany remarkable for a famous Abbey which before the possession of this Country by the French had the honour to be an Ecclesiastical Principality immediately dependent of the Emperour Myrlaea Apamia a City of Bythinia in the Lesser Asia upon the South Shoar of the Propontis which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyzicum and still called by its ancient name Mysia a Country of Asia Minor according to the ancient Geography divided into the Greater and Lesser Mysia the former lay betwixt Phrygia Bythinia the Aegean Sea and Mysia the Less as this latter did betwixt Troas and the Hellespont Now wholly contained in Natolia and under the Turks It s principal ancient Cities were Pergamus Trajanopolis Adramyttios Cyzicus Lampsacus c. N O. NAB Nabus a River of Nortgow which ariseth out of the Mountains of Sultzberg near the Fountains of the Main and flowing Northward through Nortgow or the Vpper Palatinate is increased by several smaller Rivers at last ends in the Danube a little above Ratisbone Nabathaei an ancient people of the Stony Arabia descended in the judgment of Isidore from Nabath the Son of Ismael Their Country was bounded by Arabia Deserta on the East Palestine on the South and Arabia Foelix on the North. Their Capital City Petra Being the same people who as Josephus writes were defeated once in a great Fight by Paulus Gabinius sometime Governour of Syria Nadder a River of Wiltshire joining with the Willy at Wilton near Salisbury and there falling into the Avon Nadin a Fortress in the County of Zara in Dalmatta taken from the Venetians by Solyman II. but since retaken by them and kept Naerdem or Narden Nardenum a strong Town in Goeland whereof it is the Capital in Holland upon the Zuyder Sea almost four German Miles from Amsterdam to the East In 1572. suprised and much defaced by the Spaniards In 1672. it fell into the hands of the French but being recovered is now very strongly refortified Nagaia the Kingdom of Astracan in Tartaria Deserta in the Czar's Dominions Some describe it to be a Kingdom or a Hord of Tartars there distinct from Astracan Nagera Nagara a City in Old Castile in the Province of Rusconia by a River of the same name once a Bishops See now translated to Calzada yet honoured with the Title of a Dukedom This City lies thirty Spanish Leagues from Saragoza to the
North-West and eighteen from Burgos to the North-East Near it was a Bloody Fight between Peter King of Portugal and Henry King of Castile in 1365. in which the latter prevailed and in memory of that Victory instituted the Knights of the Flower de Lys the French joining with Peter against Castile and being beaten in that Battel Nagibania a Town in Transylvania in which are Mines of Silver six Miles from Bistirz to the West in the Borders of the Vpper Hungary called by the Latin Writers Rivuli Puellarum Naha Nava a River of Germany Najac a small Town in the Province of Rovergue in France upon the River Aveirou betwixt Ville Franche and S. Antonin It is a famous place for Vicriol and in the Civil Wars of Religion it attained to a considerable name Najara one of the principal Towns in the Province of Rioga in Old Castile in Spain betwixt Logrono and Calahorra adorned with the Title of a Dukedom Naim a small City in Galilee in Palestine four Miles from Nazareth to the West and near Mount Tabor where our Saviour raised a person from the dead Now in the condition of a despicable Village with only some houses of Wild Arabs in it Namptwich a Market Town in Cheshire the second in beauty and largeness in that County and of particular note for the White Salt here made in great plenty It stands upon the Banks of the Weever and is the Capital of its Hundred Namur Namurcum Nemetocerna a great and strong City in the Low-Countries the Capital of one of the seventeen Provinces and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cambray by the Order of Pope Paul IV. This City stands betwixt two Hills on the West Shoar of the Maes where it receives the Sambre nine Leagues from Louvain to the South ten from Brussels to the East and seven from Philippeville to the North. Adorned with divers Churches Monasteries and handsom Buildings It has a strong Castle and was under the Spaniards till the beginning of the year 1692. that it was taken by the French The Earldom of Namur is a small Province included by the Bishoprick of Liege on the East and South by Hainault on the West and Brabant on the North. There are only three places of Note in it Namur Charlemont and Charleroy besides some good Abbeys and about one hundred and eighty Villages It is Mountainous and Barren but not unprofitable there being great plenty of Iron and Lead Mines and Quarries of Marble We read of its being an Earldom ever since the year 924. It is about twelve Leagues long and a little less broad Nancang or Nangan a City in the Province of Quansi in China almost ruined in the late Wars of the Tartars Nancy Nasium Nancaeum Nancium the Capital City of the Dukedom of Lorrain seated upon the River Meurte which falls into the Moselle five Leagues from Toul to the East fourteen from Bar le Duc to the same and ten from Metz to the South In 1476. Charles Duke of Burgundy was slain in Battel by Rene Duke of Lorrain near this City In 1587. it was first fortified In 1633. taken by Lewis XIII King of France In 1661. dismantled But in 1673. the French began to refortifie it and have since made it very strong Nancyam a City in the Province of Chiamsi in the Kingdom of China Nandor Alba Belgrade Nangazachi a City of Japan in the Island of Ximo and the Province of Figyn with a very convenient Port. Pope Sixtus V. advanced it to the Dignity of an Episcopal See under the Metropolitan of Goa But at present it abides without a Bishop Nanhiung a City of China in the Province of Quansi Nankanga a City of China in the Province of Quansi Nanni a City in the Province of Chiamsi in China at the Confluence of the Rivers Puon and Si towards the Borders of the Kingdom of Tunquin Nanning a City of China in the Province of Quansi Nanquin a great City in the Kingdom of China upon a Bay and in a Province of the same name once the Capital of this Kingdom and the Seat of the Court and now vastly great and populous But its Palace Royal was ruined by the Tartars One of the most celebrated Ports in the East The Province of Nanquin which was once the greatest in this Kingdom is bounded on the North by Xantum on the West by Honan and Huquam on the South by Chekiam and on the East by the Chinian Ocean It contains fourteen great and an hundred and ten small Cities one hundred ninety six thousand eight hundred and sixteen Families Being divided into fourteen Parts to each of which there belongs a great City Nansa Nesna a River in Biscay in Spain Nanterre Nemptodurum Nemetodurum a Town in the Isle of France near the River Seine betwixt Paris and S. Germain from the former distant two Leagues S. Genevieve the Patroness Saint of Paris was born at it In the year 591. a grand Assembly of the Prelates and Nobility of the Kingdom was held here about the baptizing of King Clothaire II. Nantes Corbilum Nannetes Nannetum Condovicum a City in the Vpper Bretagne in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours also an University and the Capital of the County of Nantes seated upon the Loire where it receives the Ardre at the soot of some Hills twelve Leagues from its Mouth to the East seventeen from Anger 's and twenty from Rennes to the South It has a strong Castle and a Bridge over the Loyre Some of the ancient Dukes of Bretagne lye entombed in the Cathedral There are many Churches and Religious Houses in it and one of the 4 Suburbs is walled round In the year 1342. the English besieged it without success But in 1355. they took it by surprize Henry IV. King of France passed the famous Edict in favour of the Huguenots called the Edict of Nantes here in 1598. Divers French Synods have by times been assembled here also The County of Nantes is divided by the Loir into two parts bounded on the East by Anjou on the South by Poictou and on the West and North by the British Sea This retains the name of its most ancient Inhabitants who were called Nannetes by the Romans Naples Neapolis by the Italians called Napoli by the Spaniards Napoles is an ancient great rich populous City the Capital of a Kingdom in Italy called by the Turks Anobolu It is seated in the Terra di Lavoro on the Tyrrhenian Sea one hundred twenty five Miles from Rome to the South-East in a fruitful pleasant Plain being very well watered and has a large safe Harbour much frequented by the Merchant Ship of all Nations The Viceroy of this Kingdom does always reside in this City and has a noble Palace which belonged to the Kings of Naples It is also a Bishops See instituted by Gregory I. adorned with an hundred and ten magnificent Churches and a vast number of publick and
private Buildings of great beauty and expence so that all considered it is one of the greatest richest and most populous Cities of Italy containing no less than seven Miles in compass and besides the Security the Sea gives it and the Neighbouring Mountains which serve instead of Ramparts it has four strong Castles or Citadels for its security which were built at several times by William III. a Norman Charles I. Brother to S. Lewis King of France Ferdinand King of Aragon and the Emperour Charles V. In the Metropolitan Church dedicated to S. Januarius they preserve the Blood of that Saint in a Glass congealed which they pretend melts and bubbles when the Head of the same Saint is brought near it And in the Church of the Dominicans they show the Crucifix which you are told spoke these words to S. Thomas Aquinas Benâ— de me scripsisti Thoma quamnam mercedem habebis whereunto he made answer Nullam domine praeter teipsum The Italians give Naples the name of la Gentile for its beauty and neatness it attracting all the Nobility of the Kingdom to it But their Proverb goes further Ma la gente cativa tuttavia un paradiso habitato da diavoli The people are bad it is altogether a Paradise inhabited by Devils This City is so very ancient it is reported to be built by Hercules about the year of the World 2725. in the times of Thola Judge of Israel The Chalcidians rebuilt or inlarged it and instead of Parthenope its old Name called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is the New Town The Romans took it from the Samnites about the year of Rome 463. after three or four bloody Wars Being subjected to that State the Inhabitants of this City are much celebrated for their Fidelity to Rome and ever after the Battel of Cannae would not submit to Hannibal till he made use of force against them In the year of Rome 537. together with Rome and the rest of Italy in the fifth Century this City became a prey to the Goths and other Barbarous Nations amongst them to the Lombards from whom it passed to Charles the Great After this it fell under the Saracens In 1008. the Normans began under Tancred to enter upon this Stage whose Children drove out both the Greeks and Saracens and possessed this City and Kingdom under the Title of Earls of Calabria in 1216. there was an University opened here by Frederick II. Emperour of Germany The rest of its Fate depends on the Changes in the Kingdom except that prodigious Revolution in 1647. when one Masanello a poor Fisher Boy appearing against the Spaniards who had over-much oppressed this populous City by their Impositions raised such a storm against them as bid fair for the excluding them for ever out of that Kingdom In June 1688. Naples suffered extraordinarily by an Earthquake several days The Kingdom of Naples Nepolitanum Regnum has its name from its principal City but was at first called the Kingdom of Sicily as it is still in all the Publick Acts. It is bounded on the West with the Lands of the Church and on all other sides surrounded with the Mediterranean Sea Under the first Kings it was divided into four parts at present into twelve Provinces or Counties it has about thirty Cities great and small It s length from North to South ninety German Miles that is from the River of Tronto to the Cape of Spartivento and its breadth from Cape Massa not far from Naples to Cape Gargani or â—â—onte di S. Angelo on the Venetian Gulph thirty About the year of Christ 1000. this Kingdom was miserably harrased by the Saracens and Greeks then expelling the Children of Charles the Great The Normans drove out first the Saracens and then the Greeks In 1125. Pope Anacletus II. gave this Kingdom to Roger Earl of Sicily excluding the Children of William his Elder Brother In 1196 another Usurper dispossessed this Line and called in Henry VI. Emperour of Germany His Posterity injoyed it till 1261. when Charles Earl of Anjou entered and slew Manfred IV. the last of the German Line His Posterity injoyed it four Descents more when Charles IV. in the year 1371. entered and slew Joan Queen of Naples In the year 1434. Alphonso King of Arragon partly by Adoption and partly by Conquest got this Kingdom from another Joan the third of the Caroline Descent His Posterity injoyed it five Descents till Ferdinand III. King of Castile and Arragon dispossessed them in 1503. In this Family it is at this day Charles the present King of Spain being the sixth from Ferdinando Napo a River of the Kingdom of Peru in South America passing by Avila in the Province of Quiros to join it self with the River of Amazons Napoli di Barbaria a Town near Tripoli in Barbary called also Lebeda and Lepe Napoli di Nalvasia See Malvasia Napoli di Romania Nauplia Anaplia a City on the Eastern Shoar of the Morea in the Province of Romania anciently a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Corinth but that City being ruined it became an Archbishoprick it self This City stands upon the River Inachus sixty Miles from Misitra to the North-East fifty five from Athens to the North-West and thirty six from Corinth to the South Surrounded on all sides but the North with the Sea its Shoars are so very high and steep that an Enemy can neither land nor batter its Walls with their Cannon On the West it has a large and safe Haven secured by a Fort built upon a Rock in the midst of its Mouth and shut up on both sides by two Chains which from this Fort reach to the Town on the North side and to another Fort on the Continent to the South The Mountain of Palamede on the North commands the Town in all other points it is situated as well for Defence as Commerce equal to any place in Europe Said to have been built by Nauplius a Son of Hercules and to have been one of the most ancient Towns in the Morea It was first taken from the Greeks by the Venetians and French in 1205. But it did not long remain in their hands before it was retaker with the slaughter of all their Garrison and Governour In the thirteenth Century it fell into the hands of Mary d' Erigane Relict of Peter Son of Frederick Cornar Piscopia This Lady not being able to preserve it from the Turks resigned it to the Venetians in 1383. who fortified it the Turks however frequently attempted it Mahomet II. sent Machmut a Bassa with a potent Army to reduce it by force which design miscarried in 1460. After him Solyman the Magnificent in 1537. again besieged it and lost a great part of his Army to no purpose before it but about two years after upon a Treaty the Venetians surrendred it to purchase a Peace of him In 1686. the Venetians again came before it with a considerable Fleet and Army and having beaten the Serasquier of the Morea and
Sea and the Lake of Exsechia Lychnitis The Archbishop is ever since 1300. chosen out of the Dominicans and confirmed by the Pope This City is under the Persians but has been wretchedly harassed by the Turks who as they prevail over the Persians and the Persians over them lay each others Mosques in Ruins Here is a stately Tower said to be of the Building of Tamerlane The Armenians pretend that Noah after the Deluge dwelt and was buried in this City It stands about seven Leagues from the River Araxes Long. 81. 34. Lat. 38. 40. in a fertile Country The Capital of Armenia the Seat of a Persian Kan or Governour Sir John Chardin saith they have generally thrown off the Roman Rites and are returned to their ancient Religion tho the Pope by an Ambassador sent to Persia in 1664. obtained great Favours from that Court for his Followers by which they are rather damnified than benefited Naseby a memorable Town in the County of Northampton in the Hundred of Guilesborough not far from Rothwell near to which the Rivers Avon and Nen derive their Springs it standing upon a high Ground But more especially remarkable for the Battel here fought June 14. 1645. betwixt the King's and the Parliamentarian Forces The first commanded by Prince Rupert the other by their General Fairfax The King's Forces were totally routed Natarone Vulturnus See Voltorno Natissa or Natisone Natisa a small River in Friuli which arising above Aquileja and washing it beneath that City is divided into two Branches both fall into the Ionian Sea near Grado a City in that Province This River was once Navigable up to Aquileja and served that City as a Port but now not Natolia Asia Minor is the most Western Part of Asia of great extent in the Form of a Peninsula called by the Turks its Masters Nadulu and by the French Natolie It is bounded on the North by the Euxine or Black Sea on the West by the Propontis and Archipelago on the South with the Mediterranean Sea and on the East by Armenia The principal Cities at this day are Amasia Ancyra Cutaige Cogni Tocat Isnich Bursia Smyrna and Tarabosan or Trapezunt It reacheth from Long. 51. to 72. and from Lat. 36. to 45. from the Hellespont to the Euphrates supposed to be six hundred and thirty Miles long and its breadth two hundred and ten The Air is very healthful the Soil as fruitful before it fell into the Hands of the Turks it was very populous Rich Civil and Learned but now in a manner desolate lamenting the Ruins of four hundred Towns destroyed by Earthquakes and the Barbarous devouring Turks Navagret Paropamisus a part of Imaus a vast Mountain in Asia Navareins Navaresium a City in the Province of Bearn in France which has a strong Castle seated on the River Gave d' Oleron four Leagues below Oleron to the North and six from Pa◠to the West Navarino Abarinus Pylus Messeniaca a great populous City on the Western Shoar of the Morea in the Province of Belvedore called by the Turks Iavarin It stands ten Miles from Modon to the North and fifteen from Coron to the West This is one of the most ancient Towns in the Morea and yet in a flourishing Condition being seated in the most pleasant and fruitful part of the Morea and having the best and most convenient Port. Accordingly whilst it was in the Hands of the Venetians they built two Castles and a strong Wall to defend it In 1498. it sustained a surious Siege and repelled the Ottoman Forces with that Bravery that they were forced to retire About two years after it fell twice in a short time into the Hands of the Turks through the Consternation of its Inhabitants after the Turks had taken Mondon and in their possession it continued till 1686. when the Venetians retook it Navarre Navarra a Kingdom in the North of Spain bounded on the North by France and the Pyrenean Hills on the East and South by Arragon and on the West by old Castile yet was there a small part of this Kingdom which lay on the North Side of the Mountains on the side of France The Country the incompassed with vast barren Mountains is said to be very fruitful and tolerably level within The Kingdom one of the first that was set up against the Moors began in the person of Garzia Ximenes in 716. and continued under thirty seven successive Princes of its own till 1512. when John de Albert King of Navarre being excommunicated by Pope Julius II. Ferdinando King of Arragon taking the advantage of the little affection his Subjects bore to him seized this Kingdom and drove the miserable Prince over the Alpes into France Baudrand averrs that the Spaniards had no Authority from the Pope to usurp this Kingdom but owns they had a Bull to justifie the keeping of it which needs no great Debate Since that time the Vpper Navarre has been under the Crown of Spain the Lower which is the least in the person of Henry IV. was united to the Crown of France and by Lewis the Thirteenth in the year 1620. incorporated for ever into the said Crown Panipelune in the Vpper is the Capital of the Kingdom In the Lower the principal Town is S. Jean Pie de Port. Naucratis an ancient City of the Kingdom of Egypt It stood near the Mouth of the most Western Branch of the Nile in a Division of its own Name and was the Birth Place of Athenaeus the Deipnosphista who together with Herodotus relates divers Customs of its ancient Inhabitants Naugracut Naugracum a Territory under the Great Mogul in the North Part of Indostan towards Tartary which reacheth to Mount Caucasus It has also a City of the same Name upon the River Ravée which afterwards falls into the Lahor two hundred and twenty Miles from Lahor to the East Naumburgh Neoburgum a City of Misnia in the Vpper Saxony which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Magdeburgh and once an Imperial Free Town It stands upon the River Saal where it receives the River Vnstrut The Bishoprick was Translated to this place from Zeitz in 1028. This City was in latter times under its own Bishop now under the Administrator of the Bishoprick of Newburgh who is of the House of Saxony with a small District belonging to it being yielded to the House of Saxony by the Treaty of Passaw in 1552. It is seated in the Confines of Thuringia eight German Miles from Erford to the East and six from Leipsick to the West The Bishops have been of the Augustane Confession ever since 1564. This City was taken by the United Forces of France and Sweden in 1638. Naxia Naxus called Nascia also Naxos and Strongyle one of the Cyclades is an Island in the Archipelago great populous fruitful eighty four Miles in compass having a City of the same Name which has in it a Greek and a Latin Bishop and eighteen Villages It belonged to the Venetians and was
the Hands of the Emperour whilst Newhausel was under the Turks Nitria see Nitracht § Also a Mountain in Egypt which has been sanctified by the retreat of divers Anchorites Nirt the Residence of the Dukes of Curland Nivata a City and Province of Japan in the Island Niphon and the Region of Quanto Niuche Niucanum a Kingdom in the Asian Tartary the King of which has lately conquered China This is called by others Tenduc Nive Nivus a River of France in Aquitain called by the Inhabitants Errobi It ariseth in the Borders of the Kingdom of Navarr and watering the Town of S. Jean de Pied Port falls into the Adour through Bayonne Nivernois Ambarri Nevernensis Comitatus is a Province in France of great extent upon the Lorre It has the Dukedom of Burgundy on the East that of Bourbone on the South Berry on the West and Orleance on the North. The Vadicasses were the ancient Inhabitants of this Province Nevers is its Capital City the rest of any note are La Charite Cosne Clamecy Decize and Corbigny This Province hath the honour of the Title of a Dukedom Nizza della Paglia a Town in the Dukedom of Montferrat in Italy betwixt Ast and Aqui which hath partaked of the sufferings of the Civil Wars of its Country Nizza See Nice Noailies a Town in the Province of Limosin in Aquitain in France giving name to a Family of Honour Nocera Nuceria a City of S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy of great Antiquity which is a Bishops See immediately under the Pope seated at the Foot of the Apennine in the Borders of the Marchia Anccnitana at the Fountains of the River Topino sixteen Miles from Spoleto to the North and fifteen from Camerino to the West Some are of opinion that this is the same place with that which Livy calls Alphaterna Nocera a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the hither Principate which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Salerno and a Dukedom belonging to the Family of Barberino Called for distinction from the Precedent by those of the Country Nocera di Pagani because it hath been taken formerly by the Saracens The ancients in many places speak of it It stands eight Miles from Salerno to the South-West and twenty two from Naples to the South § There is a Town of this Name in Calabria eight Miles from Amantea to the South and three from the Tyrrhenian Sea Noere Notra a River of Angoumois in France Noesenstad Bistritia the same with Bestercze Nogar â—or Nogarol the Capital Town of the County of Armagnac in the Vpper Gascony in France upon the River Modou below Monlesun The Latin Writers call it Nogariolum and Nugariolum It has a Collegiate Church and in the Years 1290. 1303. 1316. there were Synods assembled here Nogent l'Artaud a Town in the Province of Champagne in France upon the Marne below Chastean Thierri Nogent le Retrou Nonigentum Rotrudum the fairest Village in France the Capital of the County of La Perche seated upon the River Huyna Fourteen Leagues from Chartres the Capital of La Beausse and honored with the Title of a Dukedom The English heretofore took it under the Earl of Salisbury Charles VII King of France retook it in 1449. The little River Ronne falls into the Huisne here Nogent le Roy a Town in la Beausse in France upon the Eure betwixt Dreux and Chartres Nogent sur seine a Town in Champaigne upon the River Seine which it covers with a Stone Bridge Nola a City and Colony in Campania Foelix now Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Naples in a tolerable State and shews many Footsteps of its great Antiquity Hannibal besieged it without any success in the Year of Rome 540. In or near this City Augustus the first Roman Emperor died Anno Christi 14. Not less famous for being the Birth-place of S. Paulinus who was afterwards Bishop of it It stands fourteen Miles from Naples towards the East near the River Agno Clanis Noli Naulum Naulium a small City in the States of Genoua which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Genoua It stands in a Plain on the Shoars of the Ligurian Sea but it has no Harbor as I have often seen saith Baudrand Once a Free State now subject to the State of Genoua from which City it stands thirty one Miles to the West betwixt Savonna and Albengua Nombre de Dios Nomen Dei Onomatheopolis a City of Terra firma a Province upon the Streights of Panama twenty five Leagues from Panama to the North which has a noble and safe Harbor to the North Sea Built by the Spaniards but since forsaken for its unwholsome air Nomentum or Nomentano the Capital Town of the ancient Nomentani in Latium frequently mentioned by the Classicks It hath sometime been a Bishops See but now is only a Village in the Duchy of Monte-Rotundo in the States of the Church Nomeny Nomenium a City or great Town in the Dukedom of Lorain in the Territory of Messin upon the River Seile Salia five Miles from Nancy to the South and seven from Marsal to the South-East Nona Aenona a City of Dalmatia mentioned by Ptolemy which is now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Zara or Zadar well fortified ten Miles from Zara to the North. It is under the Venetians and hath a Port to the Adriatique The Sclavonians call it Nin. Some admit it to be the Aenona of the ancients Nonsuch a Palace Royal in the County of Surrey not far from Epsham delightfully situated and magnificently built by K. Henry VIII De Noordtshe Bee Mare Germanicum the German Ocean Norcia Nursia a small City in the Dominions of the Church placed by Livy Pliny and the rest of the Ancients in Vmbria It stands amongst the Hills near the Apennine by the River Fredda six Miles from the Marchia Anconitana to the South between Aquila to the East and Spoletto to the West thirteen from either This was the Country of S. Benedict the Father of the Western Monks as also of Sertorius the great Roman Commander slain in Spain It hath been an Episcopal See Norden Nordenum a City in Westphalia in East-Friesland upon the German Ocean to which it hath a considerable Port under the Prince of East-Friesland sixteen Miles from Embden to the North. Nordlingen Norlinga a City of Schwaben in the Year 1251 made a Free Imperial City it stands upon the River Eger four German Miles from Lawingen to the North ten from VVerden to the South-West and from Ingolstad to the West between the Territories of the Duke of Newburgh and the Count of Oetingen Famous by a Defeat of the Swedes in 1634 and a Victory of the Swedes and French in 1645 tho otherwise small and in a decaying condition This place is called by the French Norlingue and by the Germans also written Norlinghen Norfolk Norfolcia a County on the Eastern Coast of
or Wedge containing in length from North to South about forty Miles in breadth where it is the broadest thirty in the whole four hundred and sixty Parishes and only six Market Towns The Air is cold and sharp the Soil barren and rugged but much improved by the Industry of its Inhabitants and chiefly towards the Sea fertile The Bowels of the Earth are full of Coal Mines whence a great part of England â—s supplied with that Fewel The principal Places in â—â— are Newcastle and Berwick George Fitz-Roy a Natural Son of Charles II. was created Duke of Northumberland in 1674. Which Title had been once before enjoyed by John Dudley Earl of Warwick created Duke of Northumberland by K. Edward VI. in 1551. and beheaded by Q. Mary After the death of the said John the Title of Earl of Northumberland returned to the Percies in whose Family as it had heretofore belong'd to them from the Year 1337 when Henry Piercy Lord Constable possessed it under K. Richard II. and was succeeded in it by five of his Name and Family with little interruption so it continued till the Year 1670 when Joceline Piercy died at Turin without Issue Male. North-Curry a Market Town in Somersetshire upon the River Tone and the Capital of its Hundred Northwich a Market Town in Cheshire upon the River Dane which runs into the Weeve the Capital of its Hundred Its Salt-pits render it remarkable Norway Norvegia Nerigon Basilia is a Kingdom of great extent on the North-Western Shoar of Europe called by the Inhabitants Norricke and by Contraction Norke by the Germans Norwegen Heretofore esteemed the Western part of Scandinavia and called Nerigon as Cluverius saith it reaches from the Entrance of the Baltick Sea to almost the North Cape but not of equal breadth On the East a long Ridge of Mountains always covered with Snow called Sevones separate it from Sweden Barren and Rocky or overgrown with vast and unpassable Woods It s length is about one thousand and three hundred English Miles and two hundred and fifty its breadth Divided into five Provinces Aggerhus Bergensus Dronthemhus VVardhus and Bahus The Inhabitants traffick abroad with Dryed Fish Whales Grease and Timber Of the same Religion with the Danes and some of them enclined to Magick like the Laplanders The Glama is the only River in this Kingdom that is sufficient to carry Vessels of great burden In 1646. a discovery was made of a golden Mine near Opslow which was quickly exhausted Bahus was resigned to the King of Sweden in 1658. There depend upon this Kingdom several Islands as Iseland Groenland Spitzberg the Isles of Feroe and those of Orkney the latter whereof were resigned to James VI. of Scotland The principal Cities are Drontheim and Berghen This had Kings of its own from very ancient times but in 1326. it was first united to Denmark in the Person of Magnus III. In 1376. they became so united that they were never since separated Norwich Nordovicum Norvicum is a rich populous neat City in the middle of the County of Norfolk seated at the confluence of the Venster or Vensder and the Yare over which it hath several Bridges This City sprung up out of the Ruins of Venta Icenorum now called Caster in which not many years since was found a vast number of Roman Urns. When or by whom Norwich was built is not known it seems to be a Saxon City it was certainly the Seat of some of the Kings of the East-Angles In its Infancy Sueno a Dane burnt it in 1004. In the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror it was besieged and taken by Famine Herbert Bishop of this Diocese contributed to its growth by removing the Bishops Chair from Thetford hither about 1096. In the seventeenth year of King Stephen's Reign it was refounded and made a Corporation The Castle is thought to have been built in the Reign of Henry II. Taken by the French in the Reign of King John In the Reign of Edward I. it was walled by the Citizens Henry IV. in 1403. granted them a Mayor Afterwards it began to decay till Queen Elizabeth sent the Dutch Stuff Weavers who sled over into England from the cruel Government of the Duke d'Alva hither whereupon it grew very populous and rich There was great need of this supply one Kett a Tanner of VVindham having almost ruined this City about 1548. in the Reign of Edward VI. The present Bishop of Norwich is the seventy first from Bedwinus of Elmham the seventy fifth from Foelix the first Bishop of the East-Angles who began the Bishoprick in 636. Long. 24. 55. Lat. 52. 40. This City being about a Mile and a half in length and half as much in breadth contains twenty Parishes well walled with several Turrets and twelve Gates for Entrance and so pleasantly intermixt with Houses and Trees that it looks like an Orchard and a City within each other It gives the Title of Earl to the Duke of Norfolk whose Palace with that of the Bishop the Cathedral the Hospital c. are the principal Ornaments of its Buildings Noto Netum Nea Nectum Neetum a City of Sicily of great Antiquity and at this time great well inhabited the Capital of the Province called by its name It is incompassed with high Rocks and sleep Valleys being seated on the South side of Iseland Eight Miles from the Sea fifteen from Pachy no to the South-West and twenty five from Syracuse to the South Il Val di Noto Netina Vallis the Province in which the last mentioned City stands is the second Province of Sicily and lies on the South side of the Island On the North it has Il Valle di Demona on the West il Val di Mazara and on the South the African Sea Notteberg Notteburgum a Town in Ingria in Sweden seated on an Island in the Lake Ladoga towards the Confines of Moscovy Called Oreska by the Russ A very strong Town by its Situation yet Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden took it from the Moscovites in 1614. It takes its name from Nutts Nottinghamshire Nottinghamia is bounded on the North and West by Yorkshire on the East by Lincolnshire divided from it by the Trent on the South by Leicestershire on the West by Darbyshire It is in length thirty eight English Miles from North to South in breadth from East to West not above nineteen and in Circuit about an hundred and ten containing 168 Parishes and nine Market Towns The Air is good and pleasing the Soil rich Sand and Clay so that for Corn or Grass it may compare with any County of England it abounds equally with Wood and Coals and is watered with the Rivers Trent and Iddle besides several small Streams This County takes its name from its principal Town Nottingham Rhage a delicate pleasant Town seated on a high Hill full of fine Streets and good Buildings upon the River Line towards the South Borders of this County and about a Mile from the Trent to the West
the same with Maesstricht Oburg Oburgum a City in Finland Oby Obb Ovis Obius a vast River on the East of Moscovy which arising out of the Lake of Kataysko and running Northwards parts Europe from Asia Between the Province of Obdura to the West and the Samoiedes to the East it falls with a vast Current into the Frozen Sea It has been sometime called Carambnâ— Occa a River which riseth in the Borders of Crim Tartary and running North-East watereth Bulgoâ—â— and Colomna ten German Miles West of Mosco and taking in the Cleusma and the Mooxa at Nisi Novogorod falls into the Wolga Ochums Tarsuras a River in Mengrelia which riseth out of the Mountains of Colchis and falls into the Euxine Sea Ochrida The same with Giustandil Ochsenfurt Bosphorus Ochsenfurtum a Town or City in Franconia upon the Maine in the Bishoprick of VVurtsburg three Miles from the Capital City to the South Ockley a Town in the County of Surrey where King Ethelwolf Son to King Egbert fought a successful Battel against the Danes Oczakow Axiace a City of Podolia seated at the fall of the Nieper into the Euxine Sea thirty Miles from Czircassia Near this City the Poles gave the Tartars a fatal overthrow in 1644. Odensee Odensche Otonium Othonia Ottonia a City of Denmark the Capital of the Island of Fionia almost in the Centre of it fourteen Miles from Sleswick to the North and eighteen from Coppenhagen to the West Built by Harold King of Denmark and called so in Honour to Otto I. Emperour of Germany it was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden in 950. S. Kanute King of Denmark was slain here in 1086. whose Body was found in 1582. and much honoured In this City also are Tombs of the Kings of Denmark In 1257. the Ecclesiasticks assembled a Council here which had the honour to be confirmed by Pope Alexander IV. Oder Odera a Town in Silesia in the Dukedom of Troppaw in the Borders of Moravia at the Fountains of the River Oder four German Miles from Olmutz Die Oder Odera Suevus Guttalus Viadus Viadrus one of the greatest Rivers in Germany It ariseth in Silesia a Province of Bohemia by a Town of the same name in the Borders of Moravia and taking with it the Oppa it watereth Ratisbon VVratislaw and the Greater Glogaw in Silesia then entering Germany it passeth the Marquisate of Brandenburg and Franck fort ad Oderam at Custrin it admits the VVarta then entering Pomerania beneath Stetin it makes a Lake called das Gross Haff out of which by three Mouths it passeth into the Baltick Sea L'Oder Oder Odera a small River in Bretagne in France which watereth Quimper-Corantine and falls into the Bay of Aquitain Odernheim a small Town in the Palatinate of the Rhine which was once an Imperial and Free City but since exempt and now under the Elector Palatine It stands two Miles from Oppenheim and the Rhine to the West Odiaa the Capital City of the Kingdom of Siam in the East-Indies Odiham a Market Town in Hampshire The Capital of its Hundred belonging formerly to the Bishops of VVinchester The ruins of that old Castle so strong in the Reign of King John as with thirteen English to hold out against the Dauphine of France and his Army fifteen days stand near this Town Odria Tedanium a River which divides Croatia from Dalmatia then falls into the Gulph of Venice Called also Zermagna Oeaso a Promontory in Guipuscoa in Spain towards the Cantabrian Ocean near the Mouth of the River Bidassoa commonly called the Cape of Fontarabia or Cape Figuier as the Town Fontarabia hath had anciently the name of Oeasopolis Oebalia the same with the modern Sacania in the Morea § Also a City of the ancient Latium near Tarentum Oechalia Divers ancient Cities in Thessalia Laconia Arcadia and Euboea are mentioned by Strabo Pausanias and Mela under this name But we have now no further knowledge of them Oedenburg or Odenburg Sempronium a City of the Lower Hungary called by the Inhabitants Sopron It stands upon the Borders of Austria near the Lake of Newsidlersée and is very well fortified by the Imperialists who have a great while possessed it Oeland Oelandia an Island in the Baltick Sea belonging to Sweden on the Coast of the Province of Smaland over against Calmar from whence it is separated by the Streights called Calmard Sund by the Natives It is sixty nine Miles long from North to South but scarce twenty over where it is broadest the Capital of it is Borckholm Oenoe an ancient Town of Attica in Greece Oesel or Eusel Osilia an Island in the Baltick Sea at the Mouth of the Bay of Livonia which has been under the Swedes ever since 1646. Not above three Miles from the Coast of Curland and five from Esthonia to the West its Circuit is eighty The chief places of Strength are Arensburg and Sonneburg besides which it has eighteen Parishes Some think it was of old called Latris Oestricher Quadi the People of Austria in Germany Oestrick Austria Oestfrisen Oostfrisen East-Friesland Oeta a Chain of high Mountains in Thessalia reaching as far as to the Coast of the Aegean Sea upon the Borders of Achaia betwixt the Mountain Pindus to the North and Parnassus to the South including the Thermopylae towards the East and now called Bunina Extremos ad Orientem Montes Oetam vocant says Livy of them The Latin Poets frequently quote them as the first which by their height and situation upon the extreme limits of Europe Eastward behold the rising Sun Covered in many places with Woods and fruitful in Hellebore giving the name of Sinus Oetaeus heretofore to the Gulph now called the Gulph of Zeyton upon the Archipelago Oetmarsen Marsi veteres a Tract in Over-Yssel Oetigiasac Quinque Ecclesiae Off Curia a City in Voigtland a Province of the Vpper Saxony L'Offanto Aufidus a River of Apulia in Italy the only River that cuts the Appennine yet it riseth out of that Mountain in the Further Principate six Miles above Conza and running Eastward watereth Conza and Monte Verde then separating the Basilicate from the Capitanate and this last from Terra di Bari and watering Canosa with some other small Towns it falls into the Adriatick Sea four Miles from Barletta to the West twenty five from Manfredonia to the South-West Offen the same with Buda Offenburg Offemburgum a City in Schwaben in Germany the Capital of Ortnaw seated upon the River Kintzig an Imperial and Free City but under the Protection of the House of Austria it stands one Mile from the Rhine and not full two from Strasburg to the East Offtown a Town in the County of Suffolk where Offa King of the Mercians in the time of the Saxon Heptarchy having at an Entertainment treacherously murdered Ethelbert King of the East-Angles in 793. erected a Castle whose Ruins are apparent by the name of Offton-Castle The name signifies Offa's Town Ogle-Castle a Castle upon the River
Compass in those times which made Men scarce dare to lose the sight of Land Joktan of the Posterity of Shem had two Sons called Ophir and Havilah Gen. 10. 29. Havilah is the name also in Gen. 2. 11. of a Country where there is Gold the Bdellium and the Onyx Stone which being the same product with that of the Land of Ophir procured by David and Solomon may signifie the Lands of those two Brothers to compose but one and the same Country to wit Arabia variously called by each others name And Bochartus allows that the three thousand talents of the Gold of Ophir prepared by King David 1 Chron. 29. 4. were fetched from Arabia It is true Josephus says Solomons Fleet went to the Indies to a Land called the Land of Gold meaning the Chersonesus Aurea now Malaca and S. Jerom that Ophir of the poâ—terity of Shem gave his name not only to that Chersonesus but also to the Isles of Java and Sumatra and the Kingdoms of Siam Pegu and Bengala Whereby the three years time said to be spent in the Voyage may be the better accounted for But this is no place to controvert opinions Oppaw the same with Troppaw Oppenheim Oppenhemium a small German City in the Lower Palatinate of the Rhine heretofore an Imperial and Free City but granted to Rupert Prince Elector by Lewis the Emperor in 1402 with its Territory It stands upon a Hill three German Miles from Mentz to the South Rupertus King of the Romans died here in 1410. The French put a Garrison into it in 1688. and have demolished it since Oppido Oppidum a City of the Kingdom of Naples in the Further Calabria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio seated at the foot of the Apennine at the Rise of the River Marro twelve Miles from the Tyrrheniam Sea thirty from Messina to the North-East and twenty from Mileto to the South Cluverius believes it is the old Mamertum Opus or Opuntum an ancient City of Boeotia in Greece near the Gulph of Negropont Ptolemy Strabo Ovid c. mention it Since the times of Christianity there has been an Episcopal See placed in it under the Archbishop of Athens Oran Icosium Oranum Orano a small City in Barbary called by the Moors Guharan which has a very strong Castle Seated upon the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea in the Kingdom of Algier Taken in 1509. by the Cardinal of Ximenes for the Spaniards in whose hands it still is In 1556. the Turks unprofitably besieg'd it The Spaniards in 1687. sent thither a greater Garrison than it formerly had A numerous Army of Moors encamped very near it for some months in 1688. and retired without any Action considerable It has a safe and large Haven seated over against Cartagena in Spain and attributed to the Diocese of Toledo there It has been heretofore called by the name of Quisa Orange Auranche Arausio Colonia Secundanorum Arausio Cavarum Arausica Civitas in Sidonius Apollinaris Arausionensis Vrbs a City of Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Arles and an University tho of small extent seated near the River Ligne three Miles from the Rhosne and from S. Esprit to the South-East four from Avignon to the North and near ten from Montlimart to the South This City is the Capital of the Principality of Orange and saith Baudrand under the Prince of Orange but the Castle strongly built upon an Hill by Prince Maurice of Nassaw in 1622. which should have defended it was destroyed in 1660. There is in it the Ruins of a Roman Amphitheatre and of a triumphant Arch without the walls erected by Caius Marius and Luctatius Catulus after their Victory over the Cimbri and Teutones The Principality of Orange is a very small Territory not exceeding six French Leagues in Circuit surrounded by the County de Venascin on all sides and contains besides its Capital fifteen Villages It has belonged to the Illustrious House of Nassaw ever since 1559. The Right and Title of it belonging now to K. William the most Illustrious Prince of Orange It is of a fertile Soil for Wine Corn Saffron and Fruits The University of Orange was founded by Raymond V. of the House of Baux Prince of Orange in 1365. In 1562. and 1571. during the Civil Wars of Religion under the Reign of Charles IX K. of France this City addicted to the Protestant Interest severely suffered by Plunder and Fire and Sword In the Year 441. S. Hilarius Bishop of Arles presided at a Council here touching the regulation of Ecclesiastical Discipline In 529. Caesarius Bishop of the same See presided at another which determined the controversies about Predestination Grace and Free-will according to S. Austin's discourses having their Cannons afterwards approved by P. Boniface II. In 1228. there was a third celebrated against the Albigenses Orba or l' Orba and Vrba Vrbs a River of Liguria which rising from the Apennine and flowing towards the North through the Territory of Alessandria falls into the Bormia four Miles from Alessandria and Bormia falls into the Tenaro two Miles beneath the same City § There is a Town and Bayliwick in Switzerland under the Cantons of Bearn and Fribourg of this name in Latin Vrba Vrbigenus § Also a River of the Province of Languedoc in France arising from the Mountain les Sevennes near S. Pons de Tomieres and passing by Besiers into the Ocean below Serignan In Latin Orbis or Orobris The French write it l' Orbe Orbego Vrbicus a River of the Kingdom of Leon which ariseth from the Mountains of Asturia and flowing South takes in the River Asia near Astorga then falls into the Esla which by the City of Leon conveys it into the Douro between Miranda to the West and Samora to the East upon the Banks of Orbego Theodorick King of Spain obtained a signal Victory over the Suabians as Ado Viennensis relates Orbitelle a Town upon the Borders of Tuscany in Italy in the Territory call'd Stato delli Presidii by by the Inhabitants It is a strong Town under the Emperor Charles V. it resisted the Turks In 1646 the French Anciently the Sienese were Masters of it but now the Spaniards as of the whole Territory where it stands Orbo Hierus a River in Corsica The Orcades now commonly called the Isles of Orkney are a Knot of Islands about thirty in number lying at the North Point of the Kingdom of Scotland In Solinus his time not inhabited but overgrown with Wood and Weeds now inhabited have no Wood and bear no Corn but Oats and Barley The Romans are thought to have possessed them first in the days of Hadrian and to have lost them to the Saxons in the days of Honorius from those words of Claudian the Poet Maduerunt Saxone fuso Orcades From these they came into the hands of the Norwegians by the Grant of Donald ban one of the Kings of Scotland In 1266. they were re-conquered by Alexander
King of Scotland This Title was confirmed by Haquin King of Norway and Robert Bruce King of Scotland in 1312. In 1498. Christian I. King of Norway matching his Daughter to James VI. of Scotland renounced all his Right for ever to them which was Confirmed by the Pope The Inhabitants being a Colony of Norway speak the Gothick Tongue The principal of them is Mainland in which the Bishop of the Northern Isles keeps his Residence They have the commendation of being very healthful places Orchomene and Orchomenus an ancient City of Boeotia in Greece where there was a famous Temple of old dedicated to the honour of the Graces It retains its appellation amongst the Turks at this day § Antiquity tells us of another City Orchomene in Arcadia and likewise calls a River of Thessalia by this name Orco Morgus a River in Piedmont which falls into the Po at Chivaso ten Miles beneath Turin Ore a River in the County of Suffolk upon which Orford is situated and Framlingham near its Head Orebro Orebroa a small City in the Province of Nerke in Sweden The River of Orellan The same with the River of Amazons Orenoque Orenochus a vast River in South America called Yuyapari It divides Paria from Guiana and after the reception of many Rivers falls with a vast mouth into the North Sea near the Island of S. Trinidada in deg 4. of North Latitude Orense Auria Amphilochia Aquae Calidae Aquae Colinae a City of Gallicia in Spain upon the River Minho fourteen Miles from Compostella to the South and twenty from Braga to the North-East which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella and much Celebrated for its Natural Bathes Orestae an ancient People of Macedonia towards the Adriatique Sea and the Kingdom of Epirus mentioned by Lucan with the Epithet of Extremos Orestas Oresund the Sound Orfa the same with the City Rhoa Orâ—ea Alpheus a River in the Morea which falls into the Ionian Sea over against the Isle of Strophad Orford a Corporation in the County of Suffolk and the Hundred of Plumsgate between the River Ore on the East and a small stream on the West distant from the Sea about two Miles It elects two members of Parliament and is remarkable for a Light-house at the Ness called Orford Light-house Sir Rich. Baker reports a Story of a Fish shaped like a Man that was taken near this place in the Reign of King Henry II. Orge Orgia a small River in the Isle of France There is another in the Province of Vendosme more commonly called Sorgue Oria Vria a City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Brindisi placed at the foot of the Apennine 16 Miles from Brindisi to the West Once a considerable City but now inhabited by few and has scarce any thing worthy of regard but an old Castle Orihuela Oriola a City in the Kingdom of Valentia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Valentia It is seated on the River Segura five Miles from the Mediterranean Sea seven from Cartagena to the North and three from Murcia to the East Oria Menluscus a River of Spain which ariseth in the Confines of Alava from Mount S. Adrian and flowing West through Guipuscoa washeth Segura Franea and Tolosa at Orio falls into the Bay of Biscay seven Miles from S. Jean de Luz to the West Oristano Oristanum a City of Sardinia seated on the Western side of that Island which is an Archbishops See Heretofore called Arborea and Vsellis In 1639. the French besieg'd it It denominates the Gulph of Oristano and is the Capital of a County of the same name In the latter Maps written Oristagni Orixa a City in the Hither Indies with a Kingdom on the Eastern Shoar of the Promontory of Malabar on the Gulph of Bengala in the Possession of the King of Golconda Called sometimes the Kingdom of Orixa and at others of Golconda Orkney See Orcades Orleans Aurelia Aurelianum Genabum in Caesar a City of France in a Province of the same name which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Paris since the Year 1622. having been before under the Archbishop of Sens. One of the noblest Cities of France seated on the Loyre in the midst of this Kingdom Honored with the Title of a Dukedom belonging to the second Son of France and an University sounded by K. Philip le bel Said to be built by Marcus Aurelius the Emperour in the Year of Christ 163 and to have had its name from that Prince Or as another derives it Aureliana quasi Ore Ligeriana because it is situated towards the mouth of the Loyre Ligeris to which it enjoys a convenient and safe Port. It is a delicate City seated in a fruitful Country which yields a generous sort of Wine and planted with a Civil and Ingenuous People Attila King of the Hunns unsuccessfully besieg'd it in 450. Under the Merovignian Line it was the Seat of a distinct Kingdom for some time In 1428. being besieged by the English and in great distress it was relieved by the Valor of Joane de Arc that Female General whom the English afterwards took and burnt for a Witch Upon the Bridge over the Loyre which is very large and beautiful with sixteen Arches you have a lively Portraicture in Brass of the Virgin Mary in a sitting posture with the dead Body of our Saviour laid a cross her lap On the right hand at a little distance there is the then French K. Charles VII upon his Knees praying towards the Virgin And on the left this Lady of Arc done all in Man's Armour in the same posture She continues to this day in great Veneration amongst the People and is commonly called by the name of Pucelle D'Orleans the Maid of Orleans In 1312. the Hall for Reading Law was opened here by Philip le Bel King of France In 1551. Hen. II. opened here a Court for the determining small Cases This City especially the Cathedral suffered very much in the Civil Wars of France It stands thirty four Leagues from Paris to the South upon the ascent of an Hill in the form of a bow encompassed with a Wall of eight Gates and forty Towers containing twenty two Parishes and four Collegiate Churches besides a rich and noble Cathedral In the Years 511. 533. or 536. 538. 541. 549 there were Councils celebrated here touching the regulation of Ecclesiastical Discipline In 645. the opinions of the Monothelites were opposed in a Council as those of the Manichaeans in 1017 or 1022. in the presence of Robert K. of France and Constance his Queen In 1411. John Duke of Burgundy with his adherents was excommunicated in another Council here not to mention inseriours Orleanois Aurelianensis Ager is a part of the Presecture of Orleans bounded on the North with la Beause on the East by Gastinois on the West by Blaisois and on the South by Sologne from which
in 1674 but by the Treaty of Nimeguen restored to them in 1679. Some derive its beginning from a Fortress built by the Hunns upon the Schelde in 411. Oudon Olda a River in France in the Province of Anjou Another in Aquitain called le Lot more commonly and a third in Beaujolois Over-Yssel Over-Issel Trans-Issalana a Province of great extent in the United Netherlands towards Germany which was a part of the Bishoprick of Vtrecht from the year 1046 and called so because it lay beyond the Issel It is divided into three parts the Drente the Sallant and the Twente Bounded on the East by the Bishoprick of Munster on the North by Friesland and Groningen on the West and South by the Zuyder Sea and Guelderland It was granted from the Bishoprick to Charles V. in 1527. In 1582. it revolted from Spain and united with the Hollanders In 1672. it was over-run by the French who were forced two years after to draw off so it returned to its former liberty The principal Places are Deventer Campen Zwol and Coevorden Ovessant Vxantis Insula an Island on the West of Britany in France Oviedo Ovedum Ovetum a City in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain the Capital of a Territory called les Asturies d'Oviedo and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Compostella between the Nora and the Nalona Once the Capital of a Kingdom begun in the Person of Pelagius in 717. and continued in his Successors till the year 913 when Ordenno II. took the style of King of Leon. This City stands five Spanish Leagues from the Shoars of the Ocean to the South eighteen from Asturia and sixteen from Leon betwixt the Mountains There was a small University opened here in 1580 which never much improved In 901. a Council was assembled at this City under Pope John VIII which advanced the See to the Dignity of an Archbishoprick But it has lost again that Dignity since Oulney a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Newport upon the River Ouse Oundle a Market Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Polbrooke pleasantly seated on the Banks of the Nen over which it has two Bridges It is beautified with a fair Church a Free-School and an Almshouse L'Ourt or Ourte Vrta a River of the Low Countries springing near the Frontiers of the Dukedom of Luxembourg and passing by Offalize Rochefort Durbui it receives the Albe with the change of its name into Vrt Ourt and falls into the Maese at Liege Ourtes or Orthez Ortesium a Town in the Canton of Bearn in Switzerland upon the Gave de Pau betwixt Pau and Bayonne Remarkable for an antient Castle and a Protestant School Ousche or L'Ouche Oscaris a River of the Dukedom of Bourgogne in France passing by Fleuri and Dijon and after the Reception of some Rivulets joyning with the Saosne near S. Jean de Lone Ouse Isis a River in Glocestersh which ariseth in the South Border of that Shire near Toorleton at Crekelade it takes in the Churne at Lechlade the Colne and beneath it the Leche This is properly the Head of the Thames tho it has not that Name till its conjunction with the Thame in Oxfordshire Ouse Garryenus a River called Vre and Youre which parteth the West from the North-Riding of Yorkshire watereth the City of York and then falls into the Wherfe at Cawood Castle Ouse the Great ariseth in the County of Hertford in a place called Dane End above Lutton and running North-West entereth Bedfordshire and watereth the principal Town of it from thence it passeth to Huntington by Ely above which joyning with the River Granta from Cambridge and beneath Little Port taking in the Little Ouse which ariseth at Loppham Ford in the County of Suffolk and dividing Suffolk from Norfolk passeth by Thetford into the Great Ouse by Downham and Kings Linn falls into the German Ocean This is one of the greatest Rivers of England Ourque a Town in Portugal made famous by a Victory obtained by Alfonso against five Kings of the Moors in 1256. Ouste or L'Aust Ousta Austa a River in Bretagne It takes its source in the Forest of Laudeac near Avangour then passing by Rohan Jocelin Malestroit Pont-Corbin augmented with the Ars and the Claye it unites with the Vilaine near Redon Owar Ovaria a Town in the Vpper Hungary upon the River Vag at the foot of the Mountains which part that Country from Poland It stands below Transchin Oxfordshire Oxoniensis Comitatus is bounded on the North by Warwick and Northampton on the East by Buckingham on the South by Barkshire and on the West by Gloucestershire The Air of it is mild sweet and pleasant the Earth fruitful both in Corn and Grass by reason of the great abundance of Rivers and fresh Springs It is of a triangular Form forty Miles from North-West to South-East in length scarce twenty in breadth and in circumference an hundred and thirty containing two hundred and eighty Parishes and fifteen Market Towns Watered by the Thame and Isis the Cherwell the Windrush and the Evenlode The Dobani were the old Inhabitants of it during the times of the Romans It takes its Name from the principal City See the Natural History of this County fully and curiously written by the Learned Doctor Robert Plott Oxford Oxonium Oxfordia Calleva Rhydicina from the Welsh name Rhidychen is seated in the Southern Border of the County of Oxford towards Berkshire having the Cherwel on the East and the Isis or Ouse on the South It is a very fair and substantial City seated in an excellent Air and enjoying so delightful a Prospect that the Country adjacent has thence long ago contracted the Title of Bellositum amongst the Ingenious One of the noblest and ancientest Universities also in the World Begun or rather after the Desolations it had suffered in common with the rest of England under the Saxons and Danes restored by King Alfred a Saxon anno Christi 806 the great Civilizer of the English Nation who sending his Son Ethelward hither encouraged the Young Nobles to come to it from all Parts In the time of William the Conqueror it was a considerable City having then seven hundred seventy and four Houses five hundred of which paid yearly Customs to the King In this Prince's time Robert d' Oily a Norman built the Castle on the West side of the Town In 1074 King Stephen closely besieged Maude the Empress Daughter of Henry I. and Mother of Henry II. in this Castle Stephen Langton Archbishop of Canterbury celebrated a Council here in 1222. There have in process of time by several Princes and Noble Benefactors been founded and liberally endowed here eighteen Colleges and seven Halls of which Vniversity Baliol and Merton Colleges were the first endowed in all Europe of latter times by Sheldon Archbishop of Canterbury a noble Theatre and at the Charge of the University a stately Musaeum was finished in the year 1683. Then the Bodlean Library contending with the Vatican
it self the Publick Schools and Physick Garden are admired by all By the Charter of K. Edward III. the Mayor of the City stands bound to obey the Orders and live in Subjection to the Vicechancellour of the Vniversity which from the time of its Restauration under K. Alfred has been all along accounted one of the four principal Vniversities of Europe the three other being Paris Salamanca and Bologna Henry VIII added in the year 1541. the Honor of a Bishop's See Aubrey de Vere the present Earl of Oxford is the twentieth of his Family which has been honored with this Title ever since the year 1155 or as others say in 1137. It is certain he is the first Earl in England Long. 19. 20. Lat. 52. 01. This City having suffered very much with and for Charles the Martyr after a Siege from May 2. to June 24. 1646 was surrendred to the Parliamentarians Oxirynchus or Oxgrynchus an ancient Town in the Kingdom of Egypt mentioned by Evagrius He says the Inhabitants were almost all Monks or Nuns and that it had then twelve Churches besides the Monasteries Oyse Aesia a River of France which ariseth in Picardy and running Southward by Guise and la Fere takes in there the Serre then entering the Isle of France at Compeigne it takes in the Aysne and between Clermont and Senlis passeth to Pont-Oyse beneath which it falls into the Seyne eight Leagues below Paris Ozaca a great City of the Kingdom of Japan in the Island of Niphonia with a splendid Castle belonging to the King built some few years since The Island is in a very large Bay of the Province of Jetsesena The City stands in the middle of the Island fifty Leagues from Meaco to the North-East Ozsurgheti Ozurietum the Capital City of the Kingdom of Guriel in Georgia where the King of Guriel resides Ozwieczin Ozviecinum a Town in the Lesser Poland in the Palatinate of Cracovia upon the Vistula where it takes in the Sala scarce three Polish Miles from Silesia and about seven from Cracovia to the West It has a Timber Castle seated in a Morass Honored with the Title of a Dukedom In the year 1654 it returned to the Crown of Poland after it had for many years been annexed to Silesia This Town is called by the Germans Ausch-Wits P A. PAchacama a famous fertile and pleasant Valley in the Kingdom of Peru four Leagues from Lima where stood in the times of the Yncas or Indian Emperors of Peru a most magnificent Temple by them built to the honour of the Creator of the Vniverse says Garcillasus not of the Sun as others misrepresent their Devotion Its Ruines are yet apparent This Temple was immensely rich with the Treasures especially hidden in it when Pizarro became Master of the Country It is said himself drew thence above nine hundred thousand Duccates Pacamores a People of Peru near the Confluence of the Maranio and the River of Amazons Pacca the Moorish Name of Beja a City of Portugal Pactolus a River of the Lesser Asia which ariseth in Lydia from the Mountain Tmolus and passeth by the City Sardis into the Hermus now Sarabat whence it is also by the Moderns called by the same Name of Sarabat The antient Poets often quote its golden Sands Padeborn Paderborn Paderborna Padeburna a City of Westphalia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mentz by the Institution of Charles the Great who held a Diet or Parliament here in 777. In 799. Pope Leo III. took refuge in this City In 999. it happened to be burnt In 1002. the Empress Cunegonda was crowned at it Of old an Imperial and Free City but since exempt and in the Hands of its own Bishop ever since 1604. It is seated near the Rise of the River Lippe twelve Miles from Munster to the North-East and ten from Cassel to the South-West about two Miles from it lies the Castle of Newhaus built by Theodore Furstemberg Bishop of this Seâ— in the year 1590 for the Residence of the Bishop Long. 30. 30. Lat. 51. 45. § The Bishoprick of Paderborn is a Tract in the Circle of Westphalia bounded on the North by the County of Lippâ— on the East by Munster on the South by Hassia and on the West by the Dukedom of Westphalia It is from North to South forty Miles The principal Places in it are Paderborn Brackel and Warburgh Ferdinand Furstemberg Bishop of this Diocese has written a History of it Padoua Patavium a Ciâ—y of Italy in the States of Venice upon the Rivers Brenta and Bachiglione twenty four Miles from Venice to the West eighteen from Vicenza and forty eight from Ferrara to the North. All the ancient Writers agree this City was built by Antenor a Trojan particularly Virgil speaking of Antenor says Hic tamen ille urbem Patavi sedesque locavit soon after the Ruin of Troy They pretend to shew his Tomb here upon which there is an Inscription in Gothick Letters that cannot be equally old In this City was brought into the World Livy the great Roman Historian About the year of Christ 452 it was ruined by Attila King of the Huns rebuilt by the Inhabitants of Ravenna About an hundred years after the Lombards destroyed it and Charles the Great refounded it In 1140. it came into the Possession of the Carrarii In 1221 Frederick II. Emperor opened the University here In 1403. John Galeatius Duke of Milan put an end to this Family and three years after the Venetians took it from him In 1509 it was taken from them by Maximilian I. Emperor of Germany but being soon after recovered has ever since continued under that State It is great and strong but not very populous and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Aquileja Long. 33. 58. Lat. 44. 54. The Country it stands in is so fruitful as to give occasion to this Italian Proverb to prefer Padua before either Venice or Bologna Bologna la grassa Venetia la guasta ma Padoa la passa It is made a strong place by its Castles Towers Walls and Ditches The Palaces and publick Buildings are noble the Vniversity is particularly famous for the Faculty of Physick It is the Capital of the Territory called the Padouan which comprehends Este Arqua Poluerara Castelbaldo Montagnana Mirano c. There are two Academies of the Ingenious established in it under the Titles of gli Recoverati and gli inflammati It shews the ruines of a Roman Amphitheatre And in the year 1350. a Synod was assembled in this City Padstow a Market Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Pider with a Haven to the North Sea Pagâ—ts â—romley a Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill upon the River Blithe Paglion â—auâ—on a small River which washeth the City of Nice in Piedmouâ— then falls into the Mediterranean Sea alamos a Sea-Port Town in Catalonia The Palatinate of Bavaria See Bavaria The Palatinate of the Rhine Palatinatus Rheni Palatinatus Inferior
much taken notice of by his opposing the present King of France in the Business of the Regalia The Counts of Carcassone built it an Abbey in the eighth Century which in 1296. Pope Boniface erected into the aforesaid Bishoprick This See was at first a Suffragan to the Archiepiscopal Throne of Narbon till Pope John XXII made Tolouse an Archbishoprick and then it became subject to Tolouse Pope Benedict XII was a Bishop of Pamiers Pampelune or Pamplona Pampelona Pompelo Pompelon the Capital of the Kingdom of Navarr supposed to be built by Pompey the Great or rather perhaps rebuilt and from him called Pompejopolis It stands upon the River Arga called by the Natives in their proper Tongue Iruna that is the Good Town in a fruitful Valley surrounded on all sides with aspiring Hills and Mountains twenty French Leagues from Bayonne to the South and forty from Saragosa to the North. Taken by Charlemaigne in 778. in his Passage into Spain This was the Seat of the Kings of Navarr till in the year 1512 it fell into the Hands of the Spaniards Philip II. built a Cittadel in it to secure his Possession It is also a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Burgos since the time of Pope Gregory XIII having been heretofore under the Archbishop of Saragoza by the Institution of Pope John XXII Some private Synods have been held here Long. 19. 50. Lat. 43. 58. Pamphylia a Province of the ancient Asia Minor now included in Caraman and called Settalia It s principal Cities were heretoâ—ore Perga Aspendus and Attalia See Settalia Panama a City and Sea-Port in South America of great Fame and Resort in the Province called Terra Firma on the Shoars of the South Sea seated in an unhealthful Air. It was built by Petrus Ario in the year 1515. for the Reception of the Effects brought from Peru as Nombre de Dios was on the opposite side of the Isthmus for those brought from Spain Soon after honoured with the Birth of a modern Saint called Rose of Panama whose Sanctity was so conspicuous that the Gnats and Flies in her Cell observed and reverenced it as Father Oliva the late General of the Jesuits informs us in her Life But alas this Saint has not been able to protect the Town from another sort of Flies for January 25. 1671. it was taken and plundered by the French and in 1686. by Captain Lawrence a Buccaneer The City though small and built of Wood only is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lima eighteen Leagues from the North-Sea Long. 294. 30. Lat. 8. 30. § The Isthmus or Streight of Panama is a Neck of Land eighteen Leagues over from East to West by which the Northern and Southern America are tacked together Panaro-Scultenna a River of Italy which arising from the Apennine in the Territory of Frignana in the Dukedom of Modena and being called at first Scultenna after it has taken in the Dardagna and some others takes the Name of Panaro and dividing Modena from Bononia twelve Miles above Ferrari falls into the Po. Panarucan a City in the Isle of Java in the East-Indies by the Streights of Balambuan thirty Miles from Passarvan to the East and forty five from Balambuan to the North on the East Side of the Island It is the Capital of a small Kingdom there Near it stands a Sulphureous Mountain which in 1586. destroyed above ten thousand persons in a Rupture that hapned to it Pancalieri Pancalerium a small City in Piedmont in Italy upon the Po nine Miles from Turin to the South Pandataria See Sancta Maria. Pandâ—sia an ancient City in the Country of the Brutii in the present Kingdom of Naples in Italy Taken by the Romans at the same time with Consentia Cosenza in Calabria according to Livy and more especially remarkable for the ruin of Alexander King of Epirus here into which he was deceived by an Oracle The Town Castel Franco is supposed to stand now near the remains of this City Paniza a River in Bulgaria which falls into the Euxine Sea four German Miles North of Mesember and about five from the Borders of Thrace In Latin Panyasus Pannonia a great Country in the ancient Division of Europe comprehended betwixt Illyricum the Danube and the Mountains Cethi It was disposed into two parts called Prima secunda Consularis or the Vpper and Lower Pannonia The prima Consularis or Vpper Pannonia lay Westward containing the modern Provinces of Stiria Carniola Carinthia Croatia VVindisch-Marck and the greatest part of Austria The other to the East where are now Bosnia Sclavonia and Hungary as much as is enclosed betwixt the Danube the Raab and the Drave There was also Pannonia Riparia and Valeria The first made a part of the present Sclavonia and Bosnia the second of Stiria This Country first beheld the Roman Arms under Julius Caesar After him Tiberius rendered it Tributary next the Goths Hunns and other Barbarians possessed themselvs of it It s most celebrated ancient Cities were Sigesta or Siscia now Sisseg Petavium Pettaw Nauportus Labach Vindobona Vienna Sirmium Sirmish Taurum VVeissenbourg c. It s ancient Inhabitants were a Nation of the Celtick Gaules Panormâ— Panormus a Sea-Port in Epirus Pantiro the same with Heraclia Panuco a City and Province of New Spain in America The Province lies upon the Gulph of Mexico towards New Biscay within the Prefecture of Mexico The City its Capital is otherwise called S. Estevan del puerto Paoking or Pooking a City in the Province of Huquam in the Kingdom of China at the foot of Mount Lungus Paola a Town in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Calabria where S. Francis de Paola the Founder of the Order of the Minimes was born Paoning Paoganum a great City in the Province of Suchem in the Kingdom of China upon the River Kialing Paoting Paotinga another great City in the Province of Suchem in the Kingdom of China upon the River Kialing Papa a small but very strong City of the Lower Hungury upon the River Marchaltz in the County of Vesprin in the middle between Javarin to the North and Vesprin to the South scarce three Hungarian Miles from the Turkish Conquests This Town in the year 1683. with Dotis Vesprim and â—â—ewentz yielded to Count Teckely But after the raising the Siege of Vienna they returned under the Obedience of the Emperour Papalopaâ— a River in New Spain in the Province of Guaxaca which is called also the River of Alvarad and is the biggest in that Province It ariseth from the Mountains of Zonoholiuchan and receiving Quiyoâ—epec Huitzilan Câ—inantha Quauhquet-Zpaltâ—pec 〈◊〉 and Teyâ—ciyucan falls into the North Sea Paphlagonia an ancient Country or Province of the Lesser Asia betwixt Galatia and the Euxine Sea extended along the Coast now called Flagania Bolli and Roni It s principal Cities in those days of Antiquity were Sinope and Theuthrania Paphos a celebrated ancient City in the Island of Cyprus where Venus had a Temple in her honour
middle between Tours to the North and S. Maxence to the South six Leagues from each Parthen Alisus a City of Pomerania towards the Shoars of the Baltick Sea under the Dominion of the Swedes near the River Bart two German Miles from the Borders of the Dukedom of Magdeburg to the East and four from Gripswald Partherberg the German Name of the Apennine Hills in Italy Parthia a Kingdom of the Ancient Persia established about the year of Rome 508 of the World 3808 two hundred and fifty years before Christ in the person of Arsaces from whom all the succeding Kings were called Arsacides and ended with the Death of Artabanus King of Parthia slain by Artaxerxes King of Persia about two hundred twenty seven years after Christ when it had enjoyed a Duration of above four hundred years It rendered it self sometime so puissant as to dispute the Empire of the East with the Romans Situated betwixt Hircania Media Aria Carmania and the Modern Province of Fars i. e. Persia properly so called A Country not at all fruitful yet nevertheless then inhabited by a fierce warlike indefatigable People particularly famous for a Dexterity in shooting one way behind them as they fled another Ptolemy reckons in his time in this Kingdom twenty five Cities whereof the Capital was Hecatompolis which is understood to be the Modern Haspaam in the Province of Hierach Arach or Erak-Atzem in Persia as that Province together with Khoemus and a part of Corasan are understood to comprehend now the ancient Parthia Le Partois Pagus Pertensis a Tract in the Province of Champagne in France between Champagne to the West and the Dukedom de Bar to the East towards the River Marne The principal Town of which is Vitri le Francois Pas a Town and Bailywick in the Earldom of Artois upon the River Authie which gives Name to one of the ancientest and best Families there It had heretofore a Castle and a Collegiate Church The Bailywick is of a considerable Extent adorned with the Title of a Barony and united to the Crown of France by the Treaty of the Pirenees Pas de Calais Fretum Britannicum the Streight between Calais and Dover Passage a Port Town in Biscay Passarvan a City and Port on the East of the Island of Java in the East-Indies betwixt the Cities Panarucan and Jortan towards the Cape of Balambuam Heretofore the Capital of a Kingdom of its Name there Passaw Patavia a City of the Lower Bavaria in Germany which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Saltsburg of old called Batava Castra It stands at the Confluence of the Inn and the Danube by which it is divided into three paâ—ts called Paslaw Ilnstat and Innstat An Imperial and Free City but under the Protection of its own Bishop whose Revenue is about forty thousand Crowns with the Territory about it which lies between the Dukedom of Bavaria to the West and the Vpper Austria to the East having the strong Castles of Obernberg and Ebersberg standing in it This City suffered very much by a Fire of late in 1661 being mostly built of Wood Over against it lies Oberhuis the Residence of the Bishop That which makes this City most regardable is the Peace of Religion here Established by Ferdinand I. Emperor of Germany in 1552 whereby the free Profession of Lutherainsm in Germany upon equal Terms with the Roman Catholick Religion was declared and confirmed Passava a Fort in the Province of Laconia in the Morea upon the Cape Matapan near the Banks of the Bay of Colochina taken and demolished by General Morosini in 1685 because of a narrow Passage hard by where a handful of Men might make head against an Army Passo di Cane Climax a Mountain of Phoenicia twenty Miles from Tripoli to the South Pastrana a Town in Old Castile upon the River Taio thirteen Miles from Madrid to the East and eighteen from Toledo Honored with the Title of a Dukedom Pata a City and Kingdom upon the Borders of Zanguebar in Africa Les Patagons Patagones a People of Magellanica near the Shoars of the North Sea towards Brasil This County was first discovered by F. Magellane and yet not much known Patane Patana a City and Kingdom in the Further Indies under the King of Siam and near the Kingdom of Malaca in a healthful and fruitful Clime The City stands upon the Bay of Siam Les Patans a Mahometan People possessing the Mountains about the River Ganges in the Empire of the Great Mogul They heretofore dwelt toward the Kingdom of Bengale whence making a Transplantation of themselves into Delly they became so puissant there as to render many Princes and Places tributary to them But when the Tartars conquered India about the year 1401 being no longer able to maintain their Power or Residence in the open Country they took Refuge in the Mountains fortifying and abiding in them ever since Patay en Beausse Patavium a Town in Beausse in France seated five Leagues from Orleans to the North towards Chartres nine to the South Near this Place the French under the Command of John Duke of Alanzon got a great Victory over the English under Talbot the Terror of the French Nation Patera Patara or Paterea a City of Lycia in the Lesser Asia once called Arsinoe as Strabo saith it stands upon a Hill at the Mouth of the River Xanthus now called Il Scamandro eighty Miles from Rhodes to the East a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Myra Famous in the person of S. Nicholas who was both a Bishop and a Native here Apollo had an Oracle in this City in the Times preceding Christianity which observed to make its Responses the space of six Months in the year Pathmos or Patmos an Island in the Aegean Sea of signal Fame for the Banishment of S. John the Evangelist and his Writing the Book of the Apocalypse there Now called variously by Writers Palmosa and Petina Patras Patrae a City of the Morea in the Duchy of Clarentia of great Antiquity called by the Turks Badra and Balisbadra that is the Old Patrae as Leunclavius expounds their Name The Italians used to call it Neopatria It is an Archbishops See and now in a flourishing Condition Seated at the Entrance of the Gulph of Lepanto about seven hundred Paces from the Shoars of the Gulph of Patras to the East and ninety from Corinth to the West Chosen by Augustus for a Station for his Fleets and on that account much honored by him Under the latter Greek Emperors it had Dukes of its own till the year 1408 when the last of them resigned it to the Venetians not being able to defend it against the Turks When it came first into the Hands of the Turks I do not find but Mahomet III. received a great Defeat near this Place in the year 1602. Doria the Christian Admiral took it from the Turks in 1533. They then soon after recovered it but in the year 1687 it sell again into
the Hands of the Venetians after the Battel of the Dardanells In the times of ancient Paganism this City was honored with the Oracles of Mercury and Vesta and with divers Teâ—ples dedicated to Minerva Cybele Atys Jupiter and Diana as appears by their â— Ruines The Apostle S. Andrew preached and suffered his Martyrdom here It s Cittadel stands upon a high Mount so strong that in 1450 it held out against Constantius Palaeologus the Western Emperor a year They compute about four or five thousand Inhabitants in this City Greeks Turks and Jews whereof as the first possess the Cathedral so the second before the late Conquest had six Mosques and the other four Synagogues Near a thousand Churches are said to be contained in the extent of the Archbishops Province And not only the Greeks of the Neighbouring Isles but the English and French are accustomed to traffick to this Port. S. Peters Patriomony Patrimonium Sancti Petri called by the Italians La Provincia del Patrimonio is a considerable part of the Ecclesiastical State in Italy under the Papacy which was a part of the Old Hetruria Bounded on the North by Ombria on the East by Sabina on the West by the State of Siena and on the South by the Tyrrhenian Sea The Capital of this Province is Viterbo and the other Cities are Aquapendente Civita Vecchia Civita Castellana Cornetto Toscanella and Orvieto Pattesi Patsi Timethus a River on the North Side of Sicily Patti Pactae Pacta a City on the North Shoar of Sicily at the Fall of the River Pattesi into the Tyrrhenian Sea forty eight Milesâ—rom Messina to the West eighty from Palermo to the North-East and fifty from Catania to the North. This City was built by Roger Earl of Sicily after the Expulsion of the Moors made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Messina by Pope Eugenius III. and now in a good Estate Pau Epaunum Palum the Capital of the Province of Bearn in Aquitain in France seated upon the River Gave thence called le Gave de Pau four Leagues from Oleron to the East nine from the Borders of Arragon to the North and eighteen from Dax to the South-East Henry IV. King of Navarr was born in the Castle belonging to this City December 13. 1557. A Castle of the Foundation of Henry d' Albert King of Navarre and Prince of Bearn who in 1519 established also a Parliament here which Lewis the Thirteenth King of France reestablished in 1621 together with the Roman Catholick Religion that had been thence expelled by the Huguenots in the Civil Wars Pavia Ticinum a City in the Dukedom of Milan in Italy of great Antiquity called in latter times Papia Papia Flavia and now Pavia It stands upon the River Tesino Tecinum twenty Leagues from Milan to the South fifty from Genoua and thirty four from Piacenza to the West Built by the Ligurians and thought more Ancient than Milan Attila ruined it and Odoacer besieged Orestes in it The Lombards took it not without great difficulty under Alboinus their first King in the Year 569. After this it became the Capital of the Kingdom of the Lombards and continued such till in the Year 773. Charles the Great took this City and Desiderius their last King therein Afterwards it became the Seat of the Kingdom of Italy to which Otto I put an end in the Year 951. by the Expulsion of Berengarius and his Son In 1004. it suffered very much by a fire About the Year 1059 it had a sharp War with the City of Milan In the Year 1361. here was an University opened by Charles IV. Emperor of Germany under Galeatius Duke of Milan under whom this City then was Francis I of France in 1525. attempting to take it was defeated by the Spaniards and himself taken Prisoner In 1527. it was taken by the French under Lautrech but soon after returned under the King of Spain as Duke of Milan and being again attempted by the French in 1655. they were the second time defeated by the Spaniards it continues under Spain to this day Next Milan the best City in that Dukedom a Principality and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan but exempt from the Jurisdiction of that Metropolitan It has one of the greatest and fairest Stone Bridges in Italy and many pieces of Antiquity the Castle amongst them which was the Royal Palace of the Kings of Lombardy The body of S. Austin is deposited in a Monastery of Religious here of the order of his name There have been several Ecclesiastical Councils assembled at this City Particularly that in 1076 held by the Partisans of the Emperor Henry IV. is remarkable for its condemning Pope Gregory VII who had excommunicated them before at a Council in Rome The Territory belonging to it is called the Pavese Pavosan Pavoasanum a City in the Island of S. Thomas Pautzkerwick the German name of the Bay of Dantzick La Paz Pax a City of Peru between the Mountains of Brasil to the East and the Lake Titiaca to the West which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lima situate upon the River Cavane Pazzi Pachya a City of Thrace which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Heraclia The Peak in Derbyshire lyes in the North-west parts of the County amongst the Mountains And is a famous place as well for its Lead and Quarries as for the three Caves whose height length and depth with the just tides of water ebbing and flowing from them and the strange irregularities of the Rocks within appropriate to them the character of so many Wonders To which must be added Buxton Wells where out of the same Rock in the compass of eight or nine yards arise nine several medicinal Springs eight warm the ninth very cold which at the distance of three hundred foot receive another hot Spring from a Well near the Ebullition of another that is cold again Pedena Petina a small City in Histria in Italy which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja and the Head of a Territory of the same name under the Dominion of the Emperor Twenty two Miles from Pola to the North and sixty from Laubach to the South near the Head of the River Arsa which divides Italy from Illyricum Pedeo Pedaeus a River on the East of the Isle of Cyprus Pedir Pedira a City in the North of the Island of Sumatra which has a Haven under the King of Acem Peelandt a Tract in Brabam Pegian the Lesser Armenia Pegu Peguum one of the Principal Cities in the Further East-Indies called by the Inhabitants Bayon and by the Europeans Pegu. It has a Noble Palace belonging to the King of Pegu which is fortified in the manner of a Castle and stands upon a River of the same name which falls a little lower into the Bay of Bengala Long. 126. 05. Lat. 19. 55. The Kingdom of Pegu was once a most Potent Empire in the Further East-Indies containing twenty six Kingdoms in
subordination to it but now much diminished having been often ruinated by the Kings of Arracam Tungking and Siam Nevertheless a fertile Country much visited by the Merchants of Europe In the Year 1568. the King of Pegu knowing the King of Siam to have two white Elephants desired by his Embassadors to purchase one of them at any price required but was refused He therefore entereth in revenge into Siam with a powerful Army and takes the Capital City so that the King of Siam fearing to fall into the hands of his Enemy poysoned himself from which time the Kings of Siam have acknowledged the Soveraignty of the Kings of Pegu. This Kingdom belongs now to the King of Ava The frontiers both of Siam and it suffer the greatest misery by the continual Wars betwixt the two Crowns it lies between the Kingdom of Tungking to the East and that of Arracam to the West Pein Peina a Town in Lunenburg famous for a Fight between Albert Duke of Brandenburg and Mauricius Duke of Saxony July 9. 1553. Maurice got the Victory but died within two days of the Wounds he received Albert being driven out of Germany died in 1557. in France in the XXXV year of his Age having lived much longer than was consistent with his Inconstancy and Perfidy saith Brietius This Town is seated upon the Weser Peiseda reca Peisida a River in the Asian Tartary East of the River Ob whose Fountains are not known as arising in desolate and unfrequented Countries it falls into the Frozen Sea above Nova Zembla Peking Pechinum the principal Province in the Kingdom of China Bounded on the East by Leaotum and Xantum on the North by Tartary and the great Wall on the West by Xansi and on the South by Honan The principal City is Peking Pechinum A vast and populous City which in 1404. became the Royal City of China instead of Nanquin The Inhabitants are innumerable though it has been often taken and plundered in the late Tartarian War It is now recovering those losses and ruins under the King of Tartary who is become the Master of it The Province of Peking contains eight Capital Cities one hundred and thirty five lesser Cities four hundred and eighteen thousand nine hundred eighty nine Families Petlecas Aliacmon Haliacmon a River in Macedonia which falls into the Bay of Thessalonica over against Thessalonia to the South-West thirty three English Miles Called Platamona Bistrisa and Aliagmo from Aliagmon the name it bears in Claudian Pelion See Petras Pella an ancient City of Palaestine in Asia sometime dignified with a Bishops See under the Patriarchs of Jerusalem who for many years kept their Residence here § A second in the Kingdom of Macedonia made famous by the Births of Philip King of Macedon and Alexander the Great his Son thence surnamed Pellaeus Some call it now Janizza others Zuchria It being hitherto extant and noted for excellent Works in Marble § The Ancients mention a third in Achaia Peloponnesus the ancient name of the Morea then divided into these eight parts Achaia properly so called Arcadia Argos Corinthus Elis Laconia Messene and Sicyonia See Morea The famous Peloponnesian War which lasted from the Year of Rome 323 in the 87th Olympiad to the taking of Athens in the Year 350 rather chose to be named from the People of this Country who maintain'd it against the Athenians than from the Athenians their Enemies Pelorus Pelorias or Pelorum the same with Capo di Faro Pelusium See Belvais Pelysz Pelysia a Town in the Lower Hungary which is the Capital of a County of the same Name It lies fifteen Miles from Vaccia to the South-West twenty six from Alba Regalis and twenty from Buda to the North-East Pembridge a Market Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Stretford upon the River Arrow Penbrokeshire Penbrochium one of the Shires in Wales Bounded on the North by Cardigan separated by the Rivers Tyuy and Keach on the East by Caermarthenshire on the South and West by the Irish Sea From North to South it is twenty six Miles from East to West twenty in Circuit ninety five This County affords Corn and Cattle in great plenty and has a mild and pleasant Air. Penbroke the Town which gives Name to this Shire is one direct Street upon a long narrow Point of a Rock in Milford Haven the Sea every Tide flowing up to the Town-Walls It has a Castle though now ruined and two Parish Churches within the Walls and is a Corporation represented in Parliament by one Burgess The first Earl of Pembroke was Gilbert de Clare Created in 1138. In 1201. it came into the Family of Martial by Marriage this Family enjoyed it six Descents and by Females it continued till the Year 1390. After which it became very unsteady till Edward VI. in 1551. Created William Herbert Lord Steward Earl of Pembroke whose Posterity still enjoy that Honour in the seventh Descent Pendennis a strong Castle in Cornwal Pene Suevus one of the Branches of the Oder in Pomerania Peneus a River in the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia which greatned with the Rivers Ion Pattisus and Apidanus passes betwixt the Mountains Ossa and Olympus to surrender it self into the Bay of Thessalonica having first watered the pleasant Fields of Tempe It is now called Salampria The Fiction of the Metamorphosis of Daphne into a Laurel in this River gives it a place in the Writings of the Poets Pengeab the same with Lahor a City in the East-Indies Pengick Penica a City in Misnia upon the River Muldaw between Altemburg to the West and Chemnitz to the East seven German Miles and the same distance from Leipsick to the South Peniel or Penuel an antient City of the Holy Land in the Tribe of Reuben beyond the Brook of Jabbov at the foot of Mount Libanus near Tripoli and upon the Frontiers of the Amorites So called from Jacob's Vision of an Angel wrestling with him according to his own Interpretation thereof that he had seen God face to face Gen. 32. 30. Gideon broke down the Tower and slew the Men of this City because they refused to give his Army Bread Judg. 8. 8. 17. But Jeroboam rebuilt it Penk a River in Staffordshire near to which stands Penkridge a Market Town in the Hundred of Cudleston of good Antiquity Penna or Civita di Penna Penna S. Joannis Pinna in Vestinis a City in Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishop's See over which there is no Archbishop who has any Jurisdiction This is very frequent in Italy In 1585. a Synod was assembled here Penna-Fiel Penna fidelis a Town in Old Castile in Spain near the Duero six Leagues from Valadolid It had the honor to give the Title of Duke to Ferdinand the Just King of Arragon from the year 1395. to 1412 before his Ascension to the Crown which Title afterwards was enjoyed by his Son John who succeeding to the Crown also in 1458. changed this Dutchy into a
the Bishop of Elna settled his See here It stands not above three Miles from the Mediterranean Sea and ten from Narbon to the South Peter King of Arragon opened here an University The Antipope Peter de la Luna called Benedict XII celebrated a Council at this City in 1408. Persepolis a noble City of the antient Kingdom of Persia built upon the River Rhogomane as Ptolomy calls it in 91. deg of Long. or the Araxes as Strabo and Curtius It had been the Capital of the Kingdom adorned with a Palace of Cedar till taken by Alexander the Great and at the Perswasion of Thais the Alexandrian Courtesan burnt in the year of the World 3624. Persia Persis one of the most Ancient Great and Celebrated Kingdoms of Asia called by the Inhabitants Farsistan and otherwise the Empire of the Sophy At this day it is bounded on the North by the Caspian Sea and Mauralnahalria or Trans-Oxiana on the East by India Propria or the Empire of the Great Mogul on the South by the Indian Ocean and the Persian Gulph on the West by Arabia Deserta the Turkish Empire and Georgia so that it extends from the River Indus in the East to the Tygris in the West that is from 82. degrees of Longitude to 120 which is thirty eight degrees and from 23 to 43 degrees of Latitude The Earth in so vast an extent being very different but the Air pure and healthful throughout This vast Kingdom is divided into these Provinces Fars or Persia properly so called Kirman Makeran Send Chustusan Sitsistan Sablistan Dilemon Khoemus Tabarestan Gordian Chorasan Erack-Atzem or Jerack Agemy Kylan or Gilan Candahar Schirvan and Aderbeitzan The Cities are Ardevil Caspin Cassian Com Erivan Herat Hispaham Lar Mexat Schiras Sitsistan Schamachie Sauster and Tauris It did anciently comprehend the Countries of Media Hyrcania Margiana Assyria in part Susiana Parthia Aria Paropanisus Chaldaea Caramania Drangiana Persia properly so called Arachosia and Gedrosia which were most of them powerful Kingdoms This People were at first subject to the Assyrians and Medes In the year of the World 3406. Cyrus vanquishing Astyages King of the Medes made Persia the Seat of the General Empire which continued in this Nation till it was transferred to the Grecians by Alexander the Great in the year 3635. In the year of the World 3718. Arsaces the Founder of the Parthian Family assumed the Royal Diadem which in time expelled the Greeks and obtained the Kingdom of Persia This Family continued four hundred and seventy years succeeded by Artaxerxes a Persian whose Line after twenty eight Descents ended in Hormisda vanquished by Haumar the Saracen in the year 634. It continued under the Saracen Caliphs till the year 1030. when Tangrolipix a Turk invaded this Kingdom This lasted but three Reigns Cassanes the last of them in 1202. being slain and Haalon made King of Persia by Occata the Great Cham of Tartary This Prince exterminated the whole Race of the Caliphs of Bagdat and his Posterity reigned till 1337. When it also fell under the Tartarian fury to which it owed its Rise In 1405. after almost an hundred years of Confusion Mirza Charock IV. Son of Tamerlane ascended the Throne of Persia whose Family lasted till the year 1472. Then Vsan Cassanes began another Line which ended in 1505. when Hysmael the Founder of the present Line of Persia began his Reign Solyman the present King of Persia is the Tenth of this Line and succeeded in 1666. The principal Commodity of this Country now is Silks whereof it is reported to produce yearly twenty thousand Bales at two hundred and sixteen pound weight a Bale Arabick is the Learned Language there as Persian which hath a great mixture of Arabick and the Turkish the Vulgar But the Persians though Mahometans differ as to Religion from the Turks so professedly in explaining the Alcoran and in their Saints and Ceremonies that each as they conquer destroy the very Churches of one another The Persian Sea or Gulph Persicus Sinus commonly called Mar de Elcatiff or de Bassora is a Branch of the Indian or Ethiopick Ocean beginning at Cape Raz the most Eastern Cape of Arabia in Long. 96. 45. and running into the Land to 81. having Persia to the North and East and Arabia and Persia to the South and West In the most North-West Point the Euphrates and Tigris fall into it with a vast Current It receives also the Rivers of Arabia and Persia which lie near it but they are not of any consideration being neither many nor great Some others have counted the beginning of this Gulph at the Isle of Ormus and the Streight of Bassora which will make it much shorter than the length I have given it Pertois Pertensis Ager a Tract in Champagne in France between Champagne properly so called to the West the Dukedom de Bar to the East and the River Marne Perthe Perthia a County in Scotland which has Angus to the North Stratherne to the West Fife to the South and the German Ocean to the East divided into two parts by the Fyrth of Tay. It is a small County and takes it name from Perth or S. John's-Town the Capital of it One of the principal Cities in the North of Scotland upon the Tay in which the Kings of Scotland have commonly been crowned It lies thirty Miles from Edinburg to the North and twelve from Dunkeld This Town was totally ruined by an Inundation in 1029. and rebuilt by William King of Scotland where it now stands Long. 16. 8. Lat. 58. 00. Peru Peruvia Perua a large Country in South America affording great plenty of Gold and Silver Mines and at the Discovery of the New World the most Potent Kingdom in South America It s length from North to South is six hundred Spanish Leagues its breadth in some places ninety in others less Bounded on the North by the Prefecture of Popian on the South by the Kingdom of Chili on the West by the Pacifick Ocean or South Sea and on the South it has undiscovered Countries It is at this day divided into three Provinces los Reyes Quito and los Characas or de la Plata The old Capital was Cusko the present is Lima. This Kingdom was discovered by the Spaniards in 1529. under Francis Pizarro a Spaniard Who finding two Brothers of the Royal Family Huascar and Atabalipa betwixt whom their Father had parted the Kingdom in disagreement made use of their divisions to both their ruins and taking Atabalipa the last King of Peru Prisoner who before had surprized his Brother defeated his Forces put to death all the Princes of the Royal Family and caused Huascar to be drowned in the River of Andamarca after he had extorted a vast Ransom in Wedges of Gold the perfidious base born Villain hanged him May 1533. contrary to his faith given What the Spaniards report of the Fertility Wealth and Government of this Kingdom is scarce credible yet all fell into the Power of
a Bridge in the Borders of Huntington Cambridge and Lincolnshires five Miles from Crowland to the West This place sprung up out of a Monastery here built and dedicated to S. Peter by Penda the first Christian King of the Mercians about 546. Wolpher his Successor finished it in 633. In 867. it was destroyed by the Danes In 960. Ethelwold Bishop of Winchester began to rebuild it with the assistance of King Edgar and Adulph the Chancellor In the Reign of William the Conquerour it was plundered by Herward a Saxon but it recovered in after-times When Henry VIII dissolved this House there belonged to it a Revenue of one thousand nine hundred seventy and two Pounds the year This Prince in 1541. founded a Bishoprick in this Monastery and annexed to it a Dean and six Prebends John Chambers the last Abbot becoming the first Bishop from whom the present is the thirteenth Charles I. of Blessed Memory added another Honour to this place when in 1627. he created John Lord Mordant Baron of Turvy Earl of Peterborough In which Family that Honour now is See the Antiquities of this Church published by Dr. Patrick Before it took the name of Peterburgh or Peterborough from the dedication of its Monastery to S. Peter this Town was called Medanshede Peteril Petriana a River in Cumberland which riseth five Miles from Keswick to the North-East and by Penreth and Hesket falls into the Eden above Carlisle Petersfield a Market-Town in Hampshire in the Hundred of Finchdean priviledged with the Election of two Parliament-Men The Lady Louisa de Querouaille Dutchess of Portsmouth bears the Title of Baroness of Petersfield by the Creation of King Charles II. 1673. Petherton North and South two Market-Towns in Somersetshire the Capitals of their Hundred The last is situated upon the Bank of the River Parret Petigliano Petilianum a fortified strong Town in the Borders of the Ecclesiastical State and the Dukedom of Florence five Miles from Savona to the East and thirty from Orbitello This is the Capital of a Sovereign County or Earldom belonging heretofore to the Family of Sforza but lately purchased by the Great Duke of Tuscany in whose Territories it lay Petra or Petra Deserti Cyriacopolis Mons Regalis a City of the Stony Arabia which was of old the Capital of the Kingdom of Ammon and called Rabbah Taken by King David in revenge of the Injuries offered to his Embassadours In the times of Christianity it became an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem at this day called by the Arabians Krach and Kelaggeber Long. 66. 45. Lat. 30. 20. Petras Pelius Pelion a Mountain in Thessalia-Dicearchus Siculus one of the Scholars of Aristotle found this Mountain to be the highest in Thessalia by 1250 Paces as Pliny saith Petrina a strong Castle in Croatia seated upon a River of the same name which there falls into the Kulp eight Miles from Zagarab or Agram a Town of Sclavonia This was once in the Hands of the Turks but retaken by the Germans and now in the Possession of the Emperor Petrikow or Pietrikow Paterkau Peotrkow and Petrilow Petricovia a Town in the Palatinate of Sirackie in the Greater Poland two German Miles from the River Pilcza four from the Confines of the Lesser Poland and twelve from Sirackz to the East It is a neat populous Town seated in a Morass often honored with the Diets of Poland but in 1640. almost entirely burnt down by a Fire The Kings of Poland had formerly a Palace Royal near it which also happened to be burnt There have been upon several Occasions Councils of the Clergy celebrated here Petro-Waradin Acuminium Petro Varadinum a Town in Sclavonia called by the Inhabitants Petro War by the Germans Peter Wardein It stands upon the Danube between the Save and the Drave six Hungarian Miles from Belgrade to the North-West and about twelve from Esseck to the South This Place has been very famous during the present War The Turks made it their common Passage into the Upper Hungary after Buda fell into the Hands of the Emperor and to that end maintained a Bridge of Boats over the Danube The Revolt and Mutiny against the Prime Visier after the Battel of Mohatz of the Turkish Army whereby that General in 1687. was forced to fly for his life to Belgrade and afterwards to Constantinople upon which followed the Desertion of Esseck Possega and Walcowar happened here It has been since taken and abandoned by both sides The Imperialists blew up its Fortifications in 1688. and the Turks afterwards quite burnt it down Petschen the same with Quinque Ecclesiae Pettaw Petavium Petovia a City and Roman Colony of Pannonia mentioned by Tacitus and many other ancient Historians now called by the Germans Pettaw and made a part of Stiria upon the Drave in the Borders of Sclavonia under the Dominion of the Archbishop of Saltzburgh whereas it was once a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Lorch It stands nine Miles from Cilley to the North and as many from Gratz to the North-East and Canisca to the West Petworth a Market Town in the County of Sussex in Arundel Rape pleasantly situated near two Parks by the River Arun and further remarkable for a noble Seat belonging formerly to the Earls of Northumberland now by Marriage to the Duke of Somerset Petz the same with Vienna Petzorcke Petzora a Province in the North of Moscovy towards the Frozen Ocean The principal Town and River is of the fame name The River falls into the White Sea by six great mouths between Pustejezero a Town and Castle and Ziemnoipoias a Ridge of Mountains which name signifies in the Russ Language the Girdle of the World Pevensey for shortness called vulgarly Pensey is a Town in the County of Sussex which denominates a Rape there But deserving to be mentioned upon another and a higher account for this was the very Harbour where William the Conqueror landed from Normandy with his Fleet of 896 Sail. Pezln See Peneus a River of Thessalia Pfaltz the German name of the Palatinate of the Rhine Pfaltzbourg Phalseburgum a Town in Lorain in the Borders of the Lower Alsatia at the foot of Mount Vauge by the River Zinzel Which name signifies the Palatinate Castle having heretofore been under the Palatinate Princes of Velden of whom it was purchased by the Dukes of Lorain it is now a Principality very well fortified by the King of France in whose hands it is It stands seven Leagues from Strasburgh and sixteen from Nancy Pfeullendorft a Town in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany in the Territory of Hegow upon the Lake of Zell betwixt Constance and Tubingen It is an Imperial City Pfirt or Ferrette one of the principal Cities in the Province of Suntgaw in Germany under the King of France Three Leagues from Mulhausen Pfortsheim Phorcena Phortzemum a small City in the Marquisate of Baden upon the River Entz where it takes in the Nagold Two Miles from Durlach seven from
betwixt Pope Alexander VII and Lewis XIV King of France touching the Estates of Castro and Ronciglione the Restitution of Avignon and the County of Venaissin into the Hands of the Pope The Archbishops See was settled by Pope Vrban II. Anno Christi 1092. § Pisa is the Name also of an ancient City of Elis in the Peloponnesus near to which the Olympick Games were celebrated in the Honour of Jupiter Pisano or the Pisantine Pisanus Tractus is a part of Hetruria in Italy between the States of Florence and Siena to the East the States of Lucca to the North the Tyrrhenian Sea to the West and Tuscany to the South Once a Commonwealth but now under the Duke of Florence The Capital is Pisa The other considerable places are Ligorn and Volterra Pisatello Rubicon a River of Romandiola in Italy small but of great Fame having been the ancient Boundary between Gallia Cispadana and Italy and on that account mentioned by many of the ancient Historians The passing of it by Julius Caesar was the first Act of Hostility against the Commonwealth of Rome It is now called towards its Falls il Pisatello at its Rise Rico before it reacheth the Seas il Fiumicello di Savignano This River runs near Cesene and Savignano and falls into the Adriatick Sea ten Miles from Rimini In this place there was a Marble Inscription erected in 1546 to perpetuate the memory thereof yet some Learned Men have rather thought it to be Luso a River in the Territory of Rimini than this which was the ancient Rubicon Pistoia Pistoria a City in the State of Florence which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Florence built upon the River Stella at the Foot of the Apennine now in a flourishing State Twenty two Miles from Florence to the North-West Pope Clement IX was born in this City The Italians speaking of it call it Pistoria la bene Strutta The well built Pistoria The Statues of Pope Leo X. and Clement VII are erected in one of the principal Churches Pistres or Pistes This place is remarked in the Tomes of the Councils for a Council assembled at it by Charles le Chauve King of France in 863 or 864 called Concilium ad Pistas But the French Writers diversly situate it some upon the Seine some upon the Andele near Pont de l' Arche in Normandy in the Diocese of Roiien Pistrina Philistinae Fossae one of the Mouths of the Po. Pisuerga Pisoraca a River of Spain which ariseth out of the Mountains of Old Castile and running South separates the Kingdom of Leon from that of Old Castile It admits the Carâ—â—on another of its Boundaries and the Arlantion and watering Duennas and Valladolid falls into the Duero above Simaucas Pitane an ancient City of Mysia in the Lesser Asia towards the Aegean Sea A Second in Troas A third in Laconia in the Morea Whose Names had even perished with them if not preserved by Pliny Strabo Ptolemy c. § A River of the Morea and another in the Island of Corsica the latter now called Fiuminale d' Ordano did heretofore go by this Name also Placentia Placencia a City of the Kingdom of Leon in the Province of Extremadura which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella Built in 1180 by Alphonsus VIII King of Leon out of the Ruins of Deobriga a City of the Vettones in Lusitania and the place where it stands was called The Village of Ambrosio It is seated in a very fertile Plain called La Vera de Placentia upon the River Xexte twelve Miles from Coria to the East twenty six from Salamanca to the South and as many from Merida to the North and was once honoured with the Title of a Dukedom § There is another Placentia in Old Castile amongst the Mountains secured with a strong Castle and honoured with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo Plaisance See Piacenza Plaisance en Armagnac a Town of France in the County expressed in its name in Aquitain a second in Rouergne in Gascony and a new Fortress in New France in North America Plaitz Celius See Hensterberg Planizza Inachus a River on the East of the Morca which falls into the Mediterranean Sea near Napoli di Romania La Plata Argenteus Fiuvius a River of South America called by the Spaniards El rio de la Plata by the Americans Paranaguazu by the English and French The River of Plate Thought to be one of the greatest Rivers in the whole World It ariseth in Paragua above the Lake de Los Xaraies and running a vast Course to the South and separating Paragua from Chaco beneath the City de Buenos Ayres It entereth the Sea of Paraguay by a Mouth of sixty English Miles in breadth or forty Spanish Leagues This River was first discovered in 1513 by John Diaz a Portuguese La Plata Argentea a City in Peru in the Government of Characa or los Charcas built by the Spaniards in the Valley of Chuquisaca upon the River Picolmaio an Archbishops See by the Institution of Pope Paul V. having before been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lima and the Capital of the Province of Characa otherwise called Provincia de Rio de la Plata by the Spaniards one hundred and sixty five Spanish Leagues from Cusco to the South eighteen from Potosi and one hundred and ten from the Pacifick Ocean This is one of the richest most populous and best built Cities in America and stands near the Silver Mines Platamona Aliacmon a River of Macedonia which ariseth from the Cambuvian Hills and running Eastward by Pidna now Chitro or Platan falls into the Gulph of Salonica It is called Pelecas by Sophianus Platamona by Moletius Bistrisa by Holstenius in the latter Maps Aliagmo and Injacovi Platano Lycus a River on the South of Sicily which falls into the Sea eighteen Miles from Gergenti to the West Plataeae an ancient City of Baeotia in Greece famous for a Temple in those times erected in the Honour of Jupiter Liberator Near to it the two Athenian and Lacedaemonian Generals Pausanias and Aristides defeated Mardonius General of the Persians in the year of Rome 275 and the seventy fifth Olympiad It was surprized by the Thebans anno Romae 323 who for their Fact were massacred by the Inhabitants In 381 the Thebans and the Lacedaemonians together quite ruined it Platsee Platzee See Balaton Plaven Plaun Plava a City of Voightland a Province of the Vpper Saxony in Germany or as others say in Misnia seated upon the River Eister between Zwickaw to the South-East and Curow or Curen to the North-West four Miles from the Borders of Bohemia Under the Duke of Saxony Plawe Plava a Town in the Dukedom of Magdeburg upon a Lake of the same Name near the Efflux of the River Elde six German Miles from Gustrow and ten from Havetberg to the North. Pleseow Plescoviensis Ducatus the most Western Province of Moscovy Bounded by Ingria to the North Lithuania
Brandenburgh are Camin Colburgh and Stratgard Klein Pommeren Pomerania Parva the Little Pomerania or the Palatinate of Pomerania is that part of Pomerania which long since was given to the Crown of Poland called by the Poles Woiewodztwo Pomorskie and for the most part included in Prussia Bounded on the West by that part of Pomerania which is under the Duke of Brandenburgh on the North by the Baltick Sea the River Vistula to the East by which it is separated from the rest of Prussia and the greater Poland to the South The principal City in it is Dantzick Pommerelle or the Dukedom of Pommeren is a part of the Eastern Pomerania which is under the Duke of Brandenburgh Bounded on the East by Cassubia and the Marquisate of Brandenburgh by the Baltick Sea on the North the Oder on the West and the Dukedom of Stetin on the South The Great Towns in it are Stargart Camin and Treptow Pompeiopolis an ancient City of Cilicia in Asia Minor to which Pompey the Great imparted his name as Trajan afterward also did that of Trasanopolis It has been honoured since Christianity with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia But now become a miserable Town called according to some Palesali § There was a second in Paphlagonia which received Pompey's name after his defeat of Mithridates King of Pontus having before been called Eupatoria This latter became an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Now wholly ruined Pons a Town of France in the Province of Saintonge upon the River Seugne which falls in the Charante below Sainctes It gives its name to a Neighbouring Forest and likewise to an honourable Family of France In Latin apud Pontes Pont à Mouson Mussipontum Mussipons a Town in Lorain in the Dukedom of Bar upon the Moselle five Leagues from Nancy to the North six from S. Michael and five from Toul it has been well fortified but at present dismantled and made an University in which there is a Scotch College of the foundation of Pope Gregory XIII It gives the Title of a Marquess hath two Abbeys and divers Churches Pont de l' Arche Pons Arcus Pons Arcuensis a City in Normandy in the Bishoprick of Roan which has a strong Castle and a Stone Bridge upon the Seine which here receives the Eure and the Andele built by Charles the Bald. It stands three Leagues above Roan to the South and was the first Town that surrendred it self to Henry IV. after his advancement to the Crown of France Pont Andemer or Ponteau-de-Mer Pons Audomari a small City in Normandy upon the River Rille two Leagues from its Mouth and ten from Roan to the West surprised by the Leaguers in 1592. but soon after returned to the King In 1279 a Council was assembled here Pont Beauvoisin Pons Bellovicinus a Town in Dauphine upon the River Guyer here covered with a Bridge which gives it this name and separates the Province of Dauphine from Savoy Pont de Ce Pontes Caesaris a Town in the Dukedom of Anjou upon the Loyre over which it has a very long Bridge and had once a very strong Castle One League from Angiers to the South At this Town the Troops of Lewis XIII under Mareschal de Crequi defeated those of the Queen Mother Maria de Medicis in 1620. Pont du Gard Pons Vardonis or Gardonis three Bridges built one over the other over the River Gardon for the continuing an Aquaduct to Nismes The lowest having six Arches the second twelve and the highest thirty four a thing of great Antiquity It stands in the middle between Avignon to the East and Nismes to the West four Leagues from the latter The Learned Dr. Brown in his Travels gives the Figure of this wonderful Work and assures us that the top of it is one hundred and eighty six Foot above the Water of the River Pont Eau de Mer a Town in Normandy the same with Pont Audemer Pont l' Eveque Pons Episcopi a Town in Normandy near Caen upon the River Leson three Leagues from Lisieux and two from the Sea It is noted for good Cheese Pont-Oise Pontesium Pontisara Aesiae pons and Pons ad Oesiam a Town in the Isle of France which has a Stone-Bridge over the River Oise and an English Nunnery six Leagues from Paris to the North-West towards Roan Taken by the English in the Year 1417 and recovered by the French in the Year 1442 after a Siege of six weeks It was also taken and retaken in 1589. successively by King Henry III. and the Duke of Mayenne In 1561. in the beginning of the Reign of Charles IX the Estates of the Kingdom were assembled here It hath a Castle with divers Churches and Monasteries giving the title of a Viscount Situated in the Territory of Vexin Francois at the Confluence of the Oyse and Seine Pont Orson Pons Vrsonis a Town in the Confines of Normandy and Bretagne in France upon the River Couesnon which a little lower falls into the British Sea between Auranches to the East and Dole to the West two Leagues from Mount S. Michael Pont S. Esprit Pons Sancti Spiritus a City of France in the Lower Languedoc which has a Castle and a Stone Bridge over the River Rhosne of an extraordinary structure Three Leagues from Viviers to the South and seven from Avignon to the North. Pont S. Maixance Pons Sanctae Maxentiae a Town in the Government of the Isle of France in the Duchy of Valois upon the Oyse here covered with a Bridge three Leagues from Senlis Pont-Pool a Market Town in Monmouthshire betwixt the Hills of chief note for Iron Mills Pontefract or Pomfret a pleasant neat Borough and Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Osgodcross situated upon a stream a little below the confluence of the Warfe and the Are. Formerly ennobled with a Castle Royal mounted on an ascent with Ditches and Bulwarks which was in the long Rebellion demolished K. Richard II. after his resignation of the Crown was murdered in that Castle The Borough returns two Parliament Men. Pontieu or Ponthieu Ponticum Pontinia a County in Picardy which lies towards the Mouth of the Somme between the Chanche and the County of Bologne to the North and the Somme to the South The chief Towns in it are Abbeville Monstrevil Rue Pont S. Remi and Cleri This County was confirmed to the Crown of England by Eleanor of Castile Countess of Ponthieu Daughter to Ferdinand III. King of Castile her Marrying to Edward I. King of England Being afterwards enjoyed by K. Edward II. and III. and never finally re-united to the Crown of France till the Reign of Charles VII when the English quite lost their Dominions in that Kingdom Pontion or Pont-Yon Pontigo an ancient Royal House belonging to the Kings of France in the Territory of Parthois in Champaigne two Leagues from Vitri le Brûlé where Charles the Bald assembled a Council in 876. Some have mistaken it for
Pont sur Jonne three Leagues from Sens and for Pontroy or Pongoin in la Perche upon the Eure. Ponte Mole Milvius Pons an ancient Bridge belonging to the City of Rome over the Tiber. It lies two Miles above the City to the East Near this Bridge Maxentius was defeated and in his passage over the River drowned in the Year 312. By which Victory Constantine the Great obtained the Empire of the World Pontus an ancient Kingdom in the Lesser Asia betwixt Bithynia and Paphlagonia extended along the Pontus Euxinus or Black Sea and famous heretofore in the Person of Mithridates the Great its King who upon the News of the revolt of his Son Pharnaces against him killed himself in the Year of Rome 691. after a Reign of fifty seven years Heraclea Ponti was its Capital City The Romans reduced this Kingdom into a Province Ponza Pontia an Island of the Mediterranean upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Naples known by the banishment of divers famous Romans to it Ponzone a small Town in the Duchy of Montferrat in Italy It suffered very much in the Wars till the Peace at Quieras in 1631. Pool a Market and Borough Town and Port in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Cogdean enclosed on all sides except Northward with an out let of the Sea called Luckford Lake and admitting an entrance into it by one Gate only Henry VI. first granted it the privilege of a Haven and leave to the Mayor to Wall it In this Haven the Sea ebbs and flows four times in twenty four hours It elects two Parliament Men and has the honor besides to be a County Corporate Potremoli Pontremulium a Town and Seigniory in Italy anciently called Apua at the Foot of the Apennine in the Eastern Borders of the States of Genoua fifteen Miles from Genoua to the East and eleven from Massa to the North. This Town and Seigniory in the Year 1650 was sold by the Spaniards to the Duke of Tuscany under whom it now is and has belonging to it a strong Castle Popayan Popaiana a great Province in South America in the Terra Firma towards the Mountains which on the West is bounded by the South Sea on the South by Peru on the East by New Granada and on the North by New Carthagena It s greatest extent is from North to South The Capital City of it is Popayan seated near the rise of the River of S. Martha one hundred and forty Miles from the South Sea to the East It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop de Sancta Fé d' Antiquera The other Cities are Caramanta Arma Sancta Anna d' Anzerma Carthagena Cali Amaguer and Agreda Under the Spaniards Popfingen Popfinga a small City in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany in the Tract of Riess upon the River Eger One Mile from Norlingen to the West An Imperial and Free City Porentru Brundusia a Town in Switzerland called by the Inhabitants Brontrut by the French Porentru The Seat of the Bishop of Basil and subject to him It stands in the Borders of Suntgow and the Higher Alsatia upon the River Halle three German Miles from Ferrette or Pfirt to the West and six from Basil The Tract in which it stands is called Elsgaw Pormon Thermodon a River of Cappadocia which falls into the Euxine Sea Poros an Island in the Gulph of Corinth or d' Engina between the Morea and Athens eighteen Miles in compass and very fruitful and populous Now under the Venetians Portalegre or Porto-Alegre Portus Alacris Amaea a City in Portugal in the Province of Alentejo towards the Borders of Extremadura which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Evora fourteen Miles from that City and twenty eight from Lisbon to the East thirty three from the Atlantick Ocean East Well fortified upon a River and giving the Title of a Count. Port-au-Prince a Town upon the South Coast of the Isle of Cuba in the West-Indies with a Port which drives a great Trade in Hides Port aux Prunes a Country in the North of the Isle of Madagascar Il Portatore Vfens a River in Campagna di Roma in the States of the Church which ariseth at a place called Casenoue two Miles from Sezze a Town in the same Province and falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea near Terracina sixty Miles from Naples to the West Portland Vindelis a small Peninsula in Dorsetshire which shoots into the British Sea about nine Miles from North to South The principal place in it is called Portland Castle built by Henry VIII Opposite to which towards Weymouth on the Land side stands Sandford Castle and these two together command all Ships that pass into the road here This Island belongs to the Church of Winchester by the Gift of Edward the Confessor It hath one Church on the South East side near the Sea affords Corn in good plenty and excellent pasture for Sheep but its Quarries of Stone of late much used in Building are its most remarkable Commodity Charles I. in 1632 Created Richard Lord Weston of Neyland Lord High Treasurer of England Earl of Portland which Title continued in the same Family for three successions in the Persons of Jeremy Son to Richard Charles Son and Heir to Jeremy and Thomas Weston Uncle to Charles Porto Puerto ein Port un Port a Port or Haven is a part of the Sea so inclosed and deep that Ships may safely ride in it Load and Unload whether it be made by Art or Nature All which vulgar Names in Italian Spanish German French and English are derived from the Latin Word Portus signifying the same thing Porto Portus Augusti Portus Romanus an Episcopal City which once stood at the Mouth of the Tiber in the States of the Church and had a considerable Port to it built by the Emperor Claudius then repair'd by Trajan But both that and the City for the unwholsomeness of the Air have been deserted and destroyed tho giving a title to one of the six Senior Cardinals Porto Port à Port and Cividad de Puerto Portus Cale is a great City and a considerable Mart in the Kingdom of Portugal at the Mouth of the Douro on the North Side of that River which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Braga and has a large safe and convenient Haven upon the Western Ocean within one League of which this City is built eight from Braga to the South and forty seven from Lisbon to the North. This City took its Name from Cale a Village near it and gave the Name of Portugal to the Kingdom before called Lusitania it being one of the first and most frequented Ports of that Kingdom Long. 11 15. Lat. 41. 10. Porto de Acaxutla a great and celebrated Port in New Spain in America in the Province of Guatimala upon the South Sea near Sancta Trinidada Porto Belo Portus Belus a new City in South America upon the Shoars of the North Sea which has a celebrated Haven secured by two strong Forts
North America in the Province of Acadia was taken by the English and restored to the French by the Treaty of Breda in 1667. It stands at the bottom of the Bay of France and has a safe and large Harbour Port Royal a Port in Florida near Virginia Port Royal a celebrated Nunnery near Cheureuse in France six Leagues from Paris Port Royal a Port on the South of Jamaica in the Hands of the English by whom the Town was built Which before the late dreadful Earthquake 1692 ruined the greatest part of it had in it above one thousand and five hundred Houses and extended twelve Miles in length extremely populous it being the Scale of Trade in that Island It is seated at the end of a long point of Land which makes the Harbor and runs into the Main about twelve Miles having the Sea on the South and the Harbor on the North. The Harbor is about three Leagues broad and in most places so deep that a Ship of one thousand Tun may lay her sides to the Shoar of the Point Lead and Unload at pleasure and it affords good Anchorage all over For the security of it there is built a very strong Castle always well Garrisoned with Soldiers and has sixty pieces of Cannon mounted Yet this Town stands upon a loose Sand which affords neither Grass Stone fresh Water Trees nor any other thing that could encourage the building of a Town besides the goodness and convenience of the Harbor Porto Sabione Edron a Port on the Gulph of Venice near Chiosa Fossa Clodia a City in that State twenty five Miles from Venice Porto di Salo Salorius a Port in Catalonia four Miles from Tarragona towards Barcinone Porto Santo Cerne one of the Azore Islands discovered by the Portuguese in 1428 and by them called Ilha de Puerto Santo Not far from the Madera about eight Leagues in Circuit Porto Seguro a City Port and Prefecture in Brasil in South America upon the Sea Coast under the Portuguese The Prefecture lyes betwixt that called los Isleos and the other of Spiritu Santo Port Uendres Portus Veneris a large Port in the County of Russilion upon the Mediterranean Sea in the Borders of Catalonia Seventeen Miles from Perpignan to the North-East It has this name from a Temple dedicated to Venus in the times of Paganism which stood near it Porto Uenere Portus Venerii Portus Veneris a Town in the States of Genoua which has a Haven and a Castle built by the Genouese in 1113 seated over against the Isle of Palmaria Sixty Miles from Genoua and three from the Gulph del Spezza to the East Porto Uiejo a Town and Port in Peru in South America upon the Pacifick Ocean in the Province and not far from the City Quito Porto Zora Pisidon a City of Africa Propria mentioned by Ptolemy now called Zora by the Europeans and Zuarat by the Moors It is a strong Place which has a large Harbor belonging to it in the Kingdom of Tunis one hundred and twenty Miles from Tripoli to the West taken and plundered by the Knights of Malta not long since Portsmouth Portus Magnus a Town in Hampshire in the Hundred of Ports down of great Antiquity called by Ptolemy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Great Haven the Old Town then stood higher up The New Town is built upon an Island called Portsey which is about fourteen Miles in Circuit and at a full Tide floats in Salt Water by a Bridge on the North joined to the Continent The Town is fortified with a Timber Wall covered with Earth on the North-East near the Gate it has a Fort and two Block-Houses at the entry of the Haven built of hewen Stone by Edward IV. and Henry VII To which Qu. Elizabeth added other Works and a Garrison to watch and defend the Place The latter Princes have built Store-houses for all sorts of Naval Provisions and Docks for the building of Ships In Mr. Cambdens time it was more resorted to on the account of War than Commerce and had little other Trade than what arose from the boiling of Salt But since its Trade is much encreased It is grown populous a good Nursery for Sea-men and a Corporation represented by two Burgesses in the Lower House of Parliament Giving also the Title of Dutchess to the Lady Louisa de Querouaille Created by K. Charles II. 1673. Baroness of Petersfield Countess of Farnham and Dutchess of Portsmouth Portugal Lusitania Portugallia a Kingdom on the West of Spain bounded on the West by the Atlantick Ocean on the South by Algarve which is annexed to this Kingdom on the East by Andalusia Extremadura and Leon and on the North by Gallicia It lies on the Sea Coast from North to South four hundred Miles not above one hundred where broadest and eighty in the narrower places eight hundred and seventy nine in Compass Divided into five Provinces to wit Entre Douero è Minho Tra los Montes Beira Estremadura and Alentejo or Entre Tejo è Guadiana whereunto was added Algarve under Alphonsus III. with the Title of a Kingdom The principal Rivers are those four expressed in the Names of the Provinces Douero Minho Tajo and Guadiana which furnish the Kingdom with very convenient Ports It was anciently called Lusitania from the the Lusitani its first Inhabitants and took the present Name about the fifth Century from Poriocale a celebrated Mart. The Air is generally healthful the Earth Hilly and Barren especially as to Corn which is much of it imported from France But it yields Wine Fruits Fish Game Salt Horses and Mines And is so very populous about Spain especially towards the Sea that they reckon more than four hundred Cities or great privileged Towns three Archbishopricks ten Bishopricks and above four thousand Parishes This Kingdom is said to be founded by one Henry Earl of Lorain about 1099. For this Prince having shewn much Gallantry in the Wars against the Moors was by Alphonsus VI. King of Castile rewarded with the Marriage of Teresia a Natural Daughter of his and a part of this Kingdom with the Title of an Earl The Son of this Henry Alphonsus I. having in 1139. in the Battel of Obrique defeated five Moorish Kings assumed the Title of King This Prince assembled the Estates of his Kingdom at Lamego in the Province of Beira who there passed a Law called the Law or Statute of Lamego for the exclusion of Strangers from the Crown which remains in full force to this day His Posterity enjoyed this Kingdom and very much inlarged it by Victories against the Moors at home and by the Discovery of several unknown Countries abroad for seventeen Descents Amongst which John I. styled the Father of his Country succeeded in 1385. tho only the Natural Son of Peter I. the King save one immediately preceding his ascension But Sebastian a young Prince who succeeded King John III. in 1557. perishing in a Battel in Africa in 1580. and Henry dying soon after who was a
Church-man very old when he came to the Crown Philip II. King of Spain obtained this Kingdom by force and a pretended Title in 1584. After whom Philip III. and IV. successively enjoyed it But in 1640. John Duke of Braganza who had a better Title encouraged by the unsupportableness of the Spanish Government to the Portugueze by an universal Revolt of the people in all parts ejected the Spaniards and assumed the Kingdom succeeded in it by two of his Sons the youngest of which Peter is now King of Portugal and the second of his Name Porzevera a River of Italy which falls into the Sea by Genoua Posega or Possega the Capital City of Sclavonia upon the River Oriawa eight Miles from the Save to the North thirty from Gradisca to the East it consists of about ten thousand Houses They are mean and small after the manner of the Buildings in this Country It is seated in a very fruitful Earth which produceth Fruits of all sorts of a more than ordinary size and gives its name to a County lying betwixt the Save and the Drave This Town fell into the Hands of the Turks under Solyman the Magnificent about 1544. together with Walpo and Quinque Ecclesiae and continued so till 1687. when the Turkish Army after the Battel of Mohats revolting from and mutinying against the Prime Visier their General the Garrison which was laid in this City to defend it of a sudden no Enemy being near them deserted and carried many of the Inhabitants with them and slew others Whereupon General Dunewalt who had then crossed the Drave to besiege Zygeth returned and took Possession of it without force or any opposition and immediately took care to secure it by raising new Works and Forts Four hundred Villages depend upon this City Posnan Posnam or Posen Posnania a City in the Greater Poland the Capital of a Palatinate called by the same Name built upon the River Warta amongst the Hills seven Miles from Gnesna to the West twenty from Franck fort upon the Oder to the East and as many from Wratislaw to the North it is little yet a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesna and has an excellent and well built Castle The Palatinate of Poznanskie is bounded on the West by the Marquisate of Brandenburg on the North by the Further Pomerania on the East by the Palatinate of Kaliski on the South by Misnia Poson See Presburg Potenza Potentia a City of Italy ascribed by Ptolemy to Lucania now seated in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples at the foot of the Apennine fifteen Miles from Acerenza to the North-West and eighteen from Venosa Venusia to the South This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Acerenza and now in a tolerable good condition Pothereus a River of the Island of Crete mentioned by ancient Writers as passing by the City Gortis or Gortyna there Potosi Potosium a great City in South America in the Kingdom of Peru on the South part of that Country in a Province called Los Charcas seated at the foot of a Mountain of the same Name and divided in two by a Rivulet from a Lake that stands about a quarter of a League off Eighteen Spanish Leagues from La Plata to the East eighty from the Pacifick Ocean to the East one hundred and sixty from Cusco to the South Mostly regarded on the account of rich Mines of Silver here discovered in 1544. by the Spaniards who built this City and call it an Imperial one which is since become one of the greatest richest and most populous Cities in America adorned with divers Magnificent Churches and Monasteries and inhabited by above twenty thousand people Spaniards Strangers Indians Moulates c. almost every one appearing in Gold and Silver Potton a Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Bigleswade bordering upon Cambridgesh Pouges a Village in the Province of Nivernois in France betwixt Nevers and la Charitè much frequented upon the account of two Medicinal Springs at it which have long been in great esteem for the curing of the Dropsie Pouligny or Poligny Polichnium a Castle in the Franche Comté which was heretofore a place of great strength It stands seven Leagues from Dole to the South Poulton a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Amounderness upon the River Irwell Powhatan or James River the principal River in Virginia dividing that Country by the middle It denominates an Indian Kingdom there in which Captain Smith in his Voyages made large Discoveries The Capital Town of it was Pomeiok Powis or Powisland a Sovereign Principality in the former times in Wales whereof Mathraval in the County of Montgomery was the Capital Pozzuoli or Pozzuolo Puteoli Dicaearchia a City of Italy in the Province of Campania built by the Samians and called Flavia by Vespasian now in the Terra di Lavoro a Province of the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Naples It stands upon an Hill by the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea upon which it has a large and safe Haven and a Bay of the same name eight Miles from Naples to the West There are within the bounds of this City thirty five natural Baths which have their different sorts of warm Water wonderously useful for the Cure of several Diseases This City was the place to which the Roman Emperours retreaed for the most part for their divertisement and pleasure at this day a great populous fine City in which the Spaniards have built a Cittadel There are very many Roman Antiquitios and natural Rarities in it not easily to be found elsewhere Some Remains particularly of Caligula's Bridge of three thousand nine hundred Paces over the Gulph reaching from Pozzuoli to Bajae which he proudly passed and repassed in triumph Mr. Sandys in his Travels has largely described others of these Prague by the Inhabitants called Prag Praga Casurgi◠Marobudum Bubiemum the Capital City of the Kingdom of Bohemia an Archbishopric kinstituted by Pope Clement VI. and the Royal City or rather three Cities within one Wall which together make it undoubtedly the greatest City in Germany It stands upon the River Muldau called by the Inhabitants Vetaue a large rapid River covered by a Stone Bridge of sixteen great Arches seventeen hundred foot long and thirty five broad This City is divided into three parts the Old the New and the Little City The Old lies on the East of the Muldau very populous full of Buildings and in this the University was founded by the Emperor Charles IV. about the year 1370. 2. The New is very large separated from the former by a large Ditch or Trench 3. The Klein Seitten or Lesser Prague for pleasantness beauty of Buildings and fair Palaces far exceeds the other two this lies on the West of the Muldau in this is the Royal Palace the Cathedral Church dedicated to S. Veit built by S. Wenceslaus Duke of Bohemia in 923. The Circuit of the City is very great
there are many Hills and void spaces in it yet it is more populous than Florence and the Streets larger Dr. Brown in his Travels has given an exact account of it It seems to be a Place of great Antiquity and to be the Marobudum of Ptolemy John King of Bohemia took it from Henry Duke of Carinthia in 1311. The Inhabitants imprisoned Winceslaus their King in 1392. George Podiebrach the Revenger of the Perfidy of the Council of Constance took it in 1441. The University was opened here by Charles IV. Emperour of Germany in 1370. which has had above forty thousand Students at once in it especially in the time of John Hus about 1409. whose Doctrines were condemned in a Council assembled by the Archbishop of Prague here in 1405. according to the German Writers But it is most famous for the Defeat of the Protestant Forces near its Walls Novemb. 8. 1620. by Maximilian Duke of Bavaria which was after severely revenged in the Swedish Wars And in this City May 26. 1635. a Peace was made between the Emperour and his Protestant Subjects It lies fifteen German Miles from Budweiss to the North eighteen from Dresden and thirty eight from Vienna to the North-East A Fire endammaged it June 21. 1689. to the value as they computed it of two Millions Long. 36. 38. Lat. 50. 06. Pragoca Lithoproscopus a Mountain of Phoenicia between Tripoli and Botryn Prasobo Haemus a Mountain in Thrace Prato a small Town in the Province of Toscana in Italy upon the River Bisentio betwixt Florence and Pistoia Precop Pericop Procopias Procopiana Taurica Chersonesus Tartaria Precopensis Taphrae a City and strong Fort in the enterance of the Neck of Crim Tartary from whence that Peninsula is sometimes called Precopska and the Tartarian Inhabitants the Precopensian Tartars After the Muscovites obtained that great Victory over the Tartars in 1689. wherein they slew thirty thousand of them with one of the Han's Sons upon the place the Tartars retiring into the Crim abandoned Pericop to the Conquerours which is a most important Pass Premislaw Premislia a great and strong City in the Province of Russia properly so called in Poland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lemburgh standing upon the River San towards the Borders of Hungary Presburg Posonium Pisonium Flexum the Capital City of that part of Hungary which remained to the Emperour before his late Conquests called by the Hungarians Poson by the Germans Presburg by the Poles Prespurg It is seated upon the Danube eight German Miles from Vienna to the East and as many from Newheusel and Comora to the North-West seventy from Raab The Capital of a County of the same name between Austria Moravia and the Danube It has a considerable Castle built of White Stone on the top of an Hill a stately and beautiful Pile to preserve it from the Inroads of the Turks After Gran fell into the Hands of the Turks the Archbishops See was removed hither the Assemblies of the States of Hungary have been of late ever held in this City After Newheusel in 1662. fell into the Hands of the Turks it was fortisied being then a Frontier Prince Joseph Archduke of Austria the present Emperour's eldest Son was crown'd King of Hungary here Decemb. 9. 1687. That Clause in the one and thirtieth Article of King Andrew's Decrees in 1222 consented to by Ferdinand I. which makes it lawful for the Subjects to rise up in Arms against their Prince in the case of his acting contrary to Law being particularly excluded out of the Coronation-Oath by the Consent of the States of that Kingdom And the Crown thence forward to descend by Inheritance A Council was celebrated here in 1309. which Pope Clement V. confirmed Prerustine a Valley in Piedmont famous for a defeat of the Savoyards in 1663. by the Protestants of that Valley in the defence of their Lives contrary to the Faith given assaulted by sixteen thousand Horse and Foot which they forced to a Retreat with the loss of one thousand of the Assailants Prescot a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Darby Presteign a Market Town in the County of Radnor in Wales in the Hundred of Radnor Prester Johns Kingdom the same with Abyssinia in the Vpper Aethiopia But the Origine of this appellation of it is not so easily determined As whether coming from one Johannes Presbyter a Nestorian who in 1145. usurped the Crown of Tartary and might leave his Successors his name Or from Pretiosus Johannes which is the Latin Interpretation of the Title Belul-Gian that the Abyssines give their King Or from Preste Cham in the Persian Language signifying a Christian Emperour c. For we find no agreement either in Travellers or the Learned Etymologists about it And some moreover attribute this Kingdom not to Aethiopia but Tartary Preston a handsome large and populous Borough in Lancashire in the Hundred of Amounderness represented in the Lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses and honoured with the Court of Chancery and the Offices of Justice for Lancaster as a County Palatine It is seated upon the River Rible having a fair Stone Bridge over the same Preveza Nicopolis a City of Epirus called by Ptolemy and others Cassiopesa It is seated at the Mouth of the Gulph of Larta or Prevesa near the Shoars of the Ionian Sea between the Islands of Corfu and Sancta Maura a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lepanto This City took the name of Nicopolis in the time of Augustus Caesar being built and so called by that Prince in memory of his Victory obtained at Actium near it over Antonius and Cleopatra in a Sea Fight In 1539. the Pope's and King of Spain's Galleys endeavoured to surprize it from the Turks but failed in the attempt In 1684. Morosini took it upon a surrender for the Venetians Long. 46. 20. Lat. 39. 25. Principato Citra Principatus Citerior the Hither Principate a Province in the Kingdom of Naples bounded on the North by the Further Principate and part of Terra di Lavoro on the West and South by the Tyrrhenian Sea and on the East by the Principate It is seventy Miles in length from the South-East to the North West The Capital of it is Salerno the other Cities are Amalfi Nocera Marsico Nuovo and Sarno A part of the Country of the ancient Picentini and Lucania lies contained in this Principate Principato Oltra Principatus Vlterior the Further Principate is a Province of the Kingdom of Naples Bounded on the East and North by the Capitinate the Terra di Lavoro to the West and the Hither Principate to the South Benevento is the Capital of it it has besides Conza Avellino Ariano and Cedogna in ancient times the greatest part of this Province belonged to the Church See Benevento Il principato di Val di Taro a Valley and small Province of Lombardy in Italy under the Duke of Parma through which the River of its own name
Ptolemais Ferarum See Suachen § The Ancients mention another Ptolemais in the Thebais in Egypt near the Nile Puerto See Porto Pugan Puganum a City in the Province of Queycheu in the Kingdom of China Puglia See Terra di Bari Apulia and Capitanata Pulhely a Market Town in Caernarvanshire in Wales in the Hundred of Gyslegion Le Puy Podium Anicium Avicium Vellavae Vellaunorum Vrbs a great and populous City in the County of Velay in Languedoc upon the River Loyr which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourges but exempt from his Jurisdiction and the Bishop is Earl of Velay It is the Capital of the County in which it stands adorned with many Parishes and Religious Houses twenty two Leagues from Lyon to the North-West twenty from Clermont to the North and eighteen from Vienne In 1130. the Bishops of Aquitain assembled in Council here condemned Anacletus an Anti-Pope in favour of the Election of Pope Innocent II. Puy-en Anjou Podium Andegavense a Town in Anjou in the Borders of Poictou three Leagues from Salmur to the South and eight from Poictiers to the North-East near the River Thoue Puy Lawrens Puteum Laurentii a small Town in Languedoc which has been dignified with the Title of a Dukedom two Leagues from Chartres to the West and three from Lavaur Puyg de Cerden Jugum Carretanorum a Town in Spain in the County of Cerdaigna upon the River Segre in the Pyrenean Hills in the Borders of France fourteen Leagues from Perpignan and six from Vrgel a City of Catalonia This Town is the Capital of the County in which it stands and was lately in the hands of the French but by the Treaty of Nimeguen restored to the Spaniards The French call it Puycerda Puzzuolo Puteoli See Pozzuoli Py a small River in the Bishoprick of Reims in France which falls into the Suippe and with it into the Aisne at Neufchastel Pylus The Ancients mention several Towns and Mountains of this Name The most eminent of them now extant is Navarino in the Morea See Navarino The Pyramides of Egypt These as it were â—â—ortal Buildings accounted amongst 7 the Wonder of the World stand the distance of about ten Mileâ—om Cairo in Egypt Pliny says three hundred seventy thousand men were employed upon the largest of them twenty years whose height amounted to five hundred and twenty foot the breadth six hundred eighty two square ascended being the only open one by two hundred and eighteen steps of about three foot deep Within Caverns for the reposal of dead Bodies a Hall a Chamber and an empty Tomb made of a single Stone of the likeness of Porphyry Without before it as before two others of the chiefest appear the Rests of certain square Edifices like Temples and hard by a vast Pile representing the Face and Breast of a Woman twenty six foot high which Pliny calls Sphynx because there was then a contrivance to utter Oracles from it The ancient Egyptians believed that Pharaoh and Amasis Kings of Egypt lay entombed in these Pyramides The Bases of them as far as to the sixteenth step upwards to the North by time have been covered with Sand. The Pyrenean Hills Mons Pyrenaeus one of the greatest Chains of Mountains in Europe called by the Spaniards les Montes Pyreneos by the French les Monts Pyrenées by the Italians li Monti Pirenei They lie between France to the North and Spain to the South extending from East to West eighty Spanish Leagues that is from Port Vendres in Rousillon on the Mediterranean Sea to S. Sebastian on the Bay of Biscay in various places called by different Names Pyraeus See Porto di Lione QA QUadalquivirio See Guadalquivirejo Quadi the old Inhabitants of Moravia and the North of Austria as far as the Danube who maintained a perpetual War with the Romans till the year of Christ 565 when they were conquered first by Lechus Duke of Poland In the time of the Emperour Valentiman they advanced as far as to Aquileja and though the Marcomanni dwelt in Moravia too yet the Quadi and them were two as distinct people as the present Moravians and the Trans-Danubian Austrians which latter possess the Seats of the Quadi Quancheu Quangcheu Quancheum the Capital City of the Province of Quamsi in the Kingdom of China sometime called Jangching and Quangtung and by Foreigners Canton It stands upon the River Ta which a little lower falls into the Ocean and affords it a large and safe Harbour defended by two Castles It is surrounded with Hills in Circuit four German Miles Besieged twelve Months by the Tartars and a last taken more by fraud than force to the great ruin of it and the slaughter of its Inhabitants in 1650. Long. 140. 30. Lat. 26. 25. according to the last and best Maps Quangan Quanganum a City in the Province of Yunnan in China in the hands of the King of Tunkim Quangping a City of the Province of Pekim in China Quangsi one of the principal Cities of the Province of Yunnan in China Quangte a City in the Province of Nanquin or Nankim Quamsi or Quansi Quansia a Province in the Kingdom of China bounded by Yunnan on the West Queycheu on the North Cochin China on the South Quantum on the East The Capital of it Queilin It contains eleven Cities ninety nine great Towns 186719 Families the last Province which the Tartars Conquered Quanto a Province in the Isle of Niphon in the Kingdom of Japan Quantum Quangtung a vast Province in China bounded on the North by Kiamsi and Huquam on the East by Fokien on the West by Quamsi and the Kingdom of Tumkim or Cochin China and on the South by the Ocean It contains ten Cities seventy three great Towns and 483360 Families One of the best watered and most fruitful Provinces in this Kingdom Quaquacust la coste des Dents a part of Guinea in Africa which extends eight Spanish Leagues in length from East to West See Guinee and Coste de dents Quarentan Vadicasses or Carentan a Sea-Port Town in Normandy seventeen Leagues from Caen to the West and eight from Coutances to the North-East Quars See Carin Quebec the Principal French City in New France in America taken from the Indians in the Conquest of this part of their Country by French Men and very strongly fortified Queda a City of the East-Indies upon the Promontory of Malacca over against Sumatra Long. 125. 31. Lat. 5. 50. It has an excellent Port and a very great Trade being much frequented by the European Merchants and the Capital of a Kingdom of the same name which was subject to the King of Siam but has now a Prince of its own Quedelinburgh a Town in the Vpper Saxony in Germany Once a Free Imperial Town but being afterwards exempted became together with its Territory subject to its own Abbess whose House here was of great fame It lies two German Miles from Halberstad to the South now with its Territory subject to the
Duke of Saxony In the year 1085. Hermannus elected King of the Romans by the Partisans of Pope Gregory VII to oppose the Emperor Henry IV. assembled a Council at this Town in which sentence of Anathema passed upon the Henrycianes called Heretiques and the Antipope Guibertus set up by the Emperor There was another in 1103. remarkable for its giving absolution to Henry Son of the Emperor Henry IV. for revolting against his Father tho others place this latter sometime to Northausen in Thuringia Quedenau a Village in the Dukedom of Prussia in Poland Of great note amongst the Sea-faring People for a Church there dedicated to S. James whither they repair to perform their Vows and Devotions Queens County a County in the Province of Leinster in Ireland called by the Irish Cunntae Loighsaigh Bounded by Kildare to the West Kilkenny to the South and Kings County to the East The chief Town of which is Queens Town sixteen Miles from Kildare to the West and twenty two from Kilkenny to the North Queicheu Queichea a Province on the South-West of China bounded on the North with Suchuen on the East with Huquam on the South with Quamsi and on the West with Yunnan This Province is extremely Mountainous It has eight Cities ten great Towns and forty five thousand three hundred and three Families The Capital City is Queiyan Queicheu a City in the Province of Suchuen in the Kingdom of China upon the River Kiang built in a very fruitful and well watered Plain This is the Capital of twelve Towns Queilin a City in the Province of Quamsi in China upon the River Quei Queilloa Quiloa Kiloa a Kingdom of Zanguebar in Africa between Mosambique and Melinde on the Eastern Shoar of Africa the King of which is a Tributary to the King of Portugal It has a City of the same name seated in an Island which is 1509. was taken by Francis Almaida the Portugal Vice-Roy of Africa Long. 63 25. South Lat. 9. 18. This Island called also Queilloa hath a strong Cittadel for its defence together with a famous Port and is honoured with the Residence of the King § Some place another an old City Queilloa upon another quarter of it Queite Queitum a City in the Province of Honan in China Queiyang a great City in the Province of Queicheu in China Quercy Cadurcensis Tractus is a County in Guienneâ— in Aquitain in France great populous and fruitful in Corn Wine Cattel c. Bâ—â—nded on the North by Limosin on the East by Auvergne and Rovergne on the South by Languedoc and on the West by Agenois and Perigort The Capital of it is Cahors the other Towns are Montauban Figeac Gordone and Martel This was the Country of the ancient Cadurci in Caesar who furnished the Gauls with twelve thousand Men in their League against the Romans It became united with the Crown of France in the Reign of Philip the Hardy Querimba an Island towards the North-East of Madagascar Quernfurt a small Town which is yet the Capital of an Earldom of the same name in the Vpper Saxony in the County of Mansfeld under the Duke of Saxony ever since 1635 but it belonged before to the Bishop of Magdeburg Quesnoy Quercetum a small but very strong Town in Hainault three Leagues from Landrecy to the North two from Valenciennes and five from Cambray In the Hands of the French ever since 1654. Queximi Aphana an Island in the Gulph of Persia by others called Quetumi Quiansy or Kiangsy Quiansia a Province in China towards the South of that Kingdom bounded on the East by Chekiam on the South by Quantum on the West by Huquam and on the North by Nankim The Capital of which is Nanchang It contains thirteen Cities sixty seven great Towns and one hundred thirty six thousand six hundred and twenty nine Families Quibriche the same with Bernich in Barbary Quieras a strong Town in Piedmont upon an Hill and the Banks of the River Tanaro where the famous Treaty betwixt France Spain the Empire Savoy and Modena was celebrated in 1631. Quimper Corisopitum a City in the Province of Britagne in the Territory of Cornvaile which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours upon the Oder Three Leagues from the Ocean to the North ten from Brest and forty from Rennes Called commonly also Quimper-Corantine from Corantinus the supposed Tutelar Saint of the Diocese to whom is Dedicated here the Cathedral Church Quimperlay a Town in Britagne upon the River Isotte two Leagues from the Sea and ten from Quimper to the East Quinborongh or Queenborough the chief Town of the Island of Shepey in Kent in Scray Lath which hath the honor to be represented by two Burgesses in the Lower House of Parliament and to be secured by a Castle Royal. Quinque Ecclesiae a City of the Lower Hungary called by the Inhabitants Otegiazae by the Germans Funfkircken by the Turks Petscheu by the French Cinq Eglises It stands in the County of Baran upon the River Keoriz not far from the Drave six German Miles from the Danube twenty three from Belgrade to the North-West fourteen from Alba Regalis twelve from Buda to the South It has this name from five noble Churches which were heretofore in this City Stephen King of Hungary established the Bishoprick here in 1009 under the Archbishop of Gran. Solyman the Magnificent took it with great difficulty in 1543 and died in it after whilst his Army lay before Sigeth in 1566. Count Serin II. burnt it and the Bridge of Esseck in 1664. Having been surprised and plundered by the Croatian Army in 1685. the year following after the taking of Buda it was surrendered without resistance to the Imperialists The Turkish Governor saying Now the old Hen was escaped out of their Hands the Chickens would follow her Long. 42. 08. Lat. 46. 09. Quinsay Kingsai Kingsa or Kangcheu and Quisay a vast City in the Province of Chequin which in 1300. was the Capital and Royal City of China the Residence of the Emperors said then to be ten Leagues in length five broad and thirty in Circuit containing about a Million of Families to have twelve hundred and sixty Stone Bridges a Lake in the midst of it about thirty Miles in circumference four hundred and seventy Gates with a Wall thirty Leagues in compass of that breadth at the top that twelve Horsemen might Ride a breast without any inconvenience upon it This City stands upon the River Cientang about sorty Leagues from the Eastern Ocean Some confound it with Peking The Cham of Tartary is said to keep a Garrison in it of thirty thousand Men. S. Quintin Quintinum a City in the Province of Picardy in France which is the Capital of Vermandois and sprung up out of the ruins of Augusta Veromanduorum a Roman Town Famous for a great defeat of the French Forces upon which it was yielded to the Earl of Pembroke who besieged it in 1557. But the getting of this Town was
the loss of Calais the Garrison of which was drawn out by King Philip to manage this Siege two years after the French recovered S. Quintin by a Treaty and kept Calais too It stands upon the River Somme six Leagues from Perronne to the East and seven from Cambray to the South Quir a part of the unknown Terra Australis discovered by a Spaniard of the Name but uncultivated as yet by Europeans Quiscon or Quiscun Ionia a Province of the Lesser Asia Quiso Cissa a River of the Colchi which falls into the Euxine Sea seventy six Miles South of the Mouth of the Phasos now called il Fazo Quiess Quissus a River of Bohemia in the Lower Silesia which in the Borders of Lusatia falls into the Borber near Sagan seven German Miles from Glogaw to the West Quiteva or Quieteva a City and Kingdom in Africa on the South of Aethiopia heretofore a part of the Kingdom of Monotapia towards Zanguebar Quito a Province of Peru in South America in the North part of that Kingdom between the Province of Quixo to the East and the Pacifick Ocean to the West eighty Leagues long and thirty five broad It had at first Kings of its own but before the arrival of the Spaniards was Conquered by the King of Peru and together with it fell under the Dominion of Spain El Quito the Capital City of the Province called by its name a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lima in a fruitful Valley at the foot of a Mountain called Volcano Pinta near Machangara and Machangavilla two Rivers almost under the Line It is likewise called S. Francisco del Quito Two hundred and fifty Spanish Leagues from Lima to the North and six from the Pacifick Ocean to the East In 1586. there was an University opened here The Government of Quito is a considerable part of South America and one of the three principal Provinces of the Kingdom of Peru on the North it is bounded with Popian on the East with the Rivers of Pulumaio and Amazons on the South with the rest of Peru and on the West with the Pacifick Ocean The Andes divide it into two parts besides Quito it contains Canela Quixos and the South and middle Popian with some other Territories of small Note This is a fruitful populous and well watered Province Quivira a Province in North America between New Mexico Mount Sual and Florida which was never Conquered by any of the European Nations nor indeed throughly Discovered It affords good pasturage along the Sea Coast Quixos or los Quixos Quixorum Provincia la Province in the North of Peru between Quito to the West and Canela to the East first Discovered in 1557. by the Spaniards who have only four Colonies in it R A. RAab Jaurinum See Gewer Raab or le Rab Arrabo a River of Hungary which ariseth in the Lower Stiria near Gratz and running Eastward through the Lower Hungary by the Counties of Salawar and Gewer it entertains the Lausnitz the Binca and the Guntz and watering S. Gothard and Kerment beneath Sarvar it divides into two Branches the right Hand Branch is called Rabnitz the other Rab these two make the Isle of Rab seven German Miles in length At Rab or Javarin they reunite into one Stream again and fall into the Danube This River is particularly memorable for a great Defeat of the Turkish Forces by the French and Germans in 1664. upon the Banks of it near Kerment See Ricaut's State of the Ottoman Empire pag. 207. Rabasteins Rapistanium a Town in the Vpper Languedoc in the Diocese of Alby in France upon the River Tarn whose Coat of Arms is three Turneps suitable to the Derivation of its Name from both the French and Latin Rave and Rapa a Turnep Rabath Oppidum Novum a City in the Kingdom of Fez sixty two Miles from Tangier and seventy four from Fez. Rabath See Petra Racanella Cylistarnus a River of the Hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples which flowing by Cosano falls into the Bay of Taranto Rachelburgh See Ratzburgh Rackelspurg Polentium Raceburgum a City of Germany in the Lower Stiria upon the River Muer under the Emperor as Archduke of Austria four German Miles from the Borders of Hungary to the West and six from Gratz to the East This City is a Roman Town ascribed by Antoninus to the Vpper Pannonia Radicofani a Castle and Seigniory in Tuscany between Stena and Rome Radini the same with Strymon a River which parts Thrace and Macedonia Radnorshire Radnoria one of the twelve Shires in the Principality of Wales Bounded on the North by Monmouth on the East by Shropshire and Herefordshire on the South by Brecknock cut off by the Rivers of Clarwen and Wye the Western point falls upon Cardiganshire It s form is Triangular the sides almost equal the whole Circumference being about ninety Miles The Air is sharp the Soil barren The Silures were the ancient Inhabitants of this County The Town of Radnor which gives name to it was by the Romans called Magi or Magnos pleasantly seated under an Hill which bears upon his top a large and strong Castle from whose Bulwarks there is a Trench drawn along the West of the Town on which has stood a Stone Wall it is represented by one Burgess in the English Parliament It s Long. is 17. 00. Lat. 52. 45. John Roberts Lord Roberts of Truro was by Charles II. July 23. 1679. Created Viscount Bodmyn and Earl of Radnor the first Earl of this County This County proved fatal to Vortiger the last Monarch of the British Blood here slain by Lightning and to Llewellin the last Prince of the British Race in 1282 found hid in the vast Mountains of this County and slain by one Adam Francton his Head being Crowned with Ivy was set upon the Tower of London in whom the British Race of Princes ended Radom a Town in the Lesser Poland in the Palatinate of Sendomir which is the Capital of a District of the same name Twenty Polish Miles from Warsaw to the South and fifteen from Sendomir to the North. Raglins Ricina an Island on the North of Ireland on the Coast of the County of Antrim which has a Castle sometimes reckoned amongst the Hebrides though it lies but eight Miles from the Continent Ragusa Ragusium Epidaurus Rhanzium a City of Dalmatia which is an Archbishops See and a Free State called by the Sclavonians Dubrounich by the Italians Ragusi It stands in the Confines of Albania on the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea to which it has a Port at the foot of a Mountain called by the Greeks Lau upon a Rock in so disadvantageous a situation that the Turks by rouling down great Stones from the Mountain might have overwhelmed it and so have become absolute Masters of it if they had ever desired to be so This City is about a Mile in compass has large Suburbs beside populous rich well Traded and Fortified About a League from it lies the Harbour of Santa Cruz
of great Capacity secured by the Island of Lacroma The City out of which this sprung was called Epidaurus from its Founders six Miles more to the East where the place of its ruins is called Ragusi Vecchio the Old Ragusa It did pay a Tribute of twelve thousand five hundred Hungarian Duckats to the Grand Seignior but had several Privileges in recompence by way of Trade and ten Colonies in Servia Bulgaria and Thrace besides so that this was no hard Condition Yet in 1686. they sent Ambassadors to the Emperor and desired to be received into his Protection About the Year 1634. and in 1667. this City suffered much by an Earthquake The Territory of Ragusano belonging to it is about a hundred Miles in length from the North-East to the South-West but not above twenty five Miles broad having only two or three Towns more in it Granted to this City by Stephen King of Bosnia in 1333. Long. 42. 52. Lat. 42. 50. The Senate of this Republick is constituted of sixty Senators under one Rector or Duke of whom and of their liberty they are so exceeding jealous that our Accounts tell us they change him every month not suffering the wearing of a Sword or a Mans lying from his own house without advising the Senate nor opening the City Gates above three or four hours in the day in Summer and in the Winter the half thereof and for strangers especially Turks they secure them all the Night in their Lodgings They fear the Turks hate the Venetians honour the Pope Emperor and King of Spain and pay tribute to all Il fume di Ragusa Hirminius a River on the South of Sicily so called from a Town it washeth it falls into the African Sea between Camerino to the West and Cape Passaro to the East sometimes called il Mauli Raithe a desart near the Mountain Sinai in the Stony Arabia or as others place it in the Kingdom of Egypt much visited and inhabited by the religious Anchorites of the 13th Century Rain Raina a strong Town in the Dukedom of Bavaria in the Borders of Schwaben at the Confluence of the Lech and the Danube two German Miles from Donawert to the East and a little more from Newburgh Often taken and retaken in the Swedish War and now rebuilding § There is another Town of the same name in Stirïa in the Borders of Carniola and Croatia upon the Save twenty five Miles from Cilley to the East and twenty two from Metling to the North. Rakouick Raconicum a City of Germany near the River Miza seven German Miles from Prague to the West thirteen from Egra and seven from Litomierske or Leutmeritz Rama or Ramia the name of the Kingdom of Bosnia in the Royal Title of the Kings of Hungary which has been used by them ever since 1138 when Bela Caecus King of Hungary Possessed that Kingdom or at least a part of it There is still a River in that Kingdom of this name which falls into the Narenta and gives the same name to a small Territory as it passeth Rama or Ramatha a City of the Tribe of Ephraim afterwards a part of Samaria now called Ramola by the Turks It stands ten Miles from Joppe to the East and thirty from Jerusalem almost entirely ruined Ramoth or Ramath-Mispeh as it is written Josh 13. 26. was one of the three Cities of Refuge appointed by Moses in the Case of accidental Manslaying Deut. 4. 43. It belonged to the Tribe of Gad standing near the Mountain and in the Territory of Gilead in the Region of Trachonites in Palestine as the Romans named that Country Rampano Biandyna a Town formerly now only a Castle on the South of the Morea at the Mouth of the River of Eurotas It gives name to a Bay formerly called Sinus Laconicus now the Gulph de Castel Rampano on the East of Cape Malio Ramsey Limnos a small Island in the Irish Sea called by the Welsh Lymen It lies upon the Coast of South Wales three Miles from St. Davids § Also a Market Town in Huntingdonshire in the Hundred of Hurstington towards Cambridgeshire near a meer of its own name and another called Whitlesey each affording plenty of Fish and Fowl together with the Rivers watering them It stands amongst the rich grounds of the Fens and had heretofore an Abbey of vast wealth to boast of till its dissolution by King Henry VIII Ranals Ocetis one of the Isles of Orkney ten Miles from the Coast of Scotland Rangnitz Ragnitia a City in the Kingdom of Poland in the Ducal Prussia upon the River Russe in the Borders of Samogithia sixteen Polish Miles from Komingsberg to the East Under the Elector of Brandenburgh Raolconda a City in the Kingdom of Golconde in the Hither East-Indies on this side the Bay of Bengala five days journey from the City Golconde Raon a River of Germany which falls into the left Branch of the Moselle Raperswyl Rapersvilla a Town in Switzerland which has a very ancient Castle on the Lake of Zurich between it and the Upper Lake five German Miles from Zurich to the North-East So seated that it is only approachable by a Timber Bridge and having been taken in 1458. by the Swiss though often attempted could never be recovered out of their Hands Rapin Rapidus a small River in Lorain Rapin a Town and Earldom in Germany of the same name eight Miles from Havelberg to the East and nine from Berlin to the North. Rapoe Rapa once a City now a Village in the Province of Vlster in the County of Dungal which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Armagh but united to that of Derry from which it stands twelve Miles to the West forty from Dungal and forty five from Armagh to the South-West Rapolla Rapalla or Rapello a small ill-peopled City in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples twenty Miles from Conza to the East It was anciently a Bishops See but in 1528. Pope Clement VII united this See to that of Melfi for ever § There is another Town and a Bay upon the Coast of Genoua of this name Raschit the same with Rosetto Rascia the same with Servia a large Province under the Turk or rather a part of that Province as others say which takes its name from a River that passeth through this District into Moravia The principal Towns of it are Belgrade Semendria and Columbach Brietius cited by Baudrand saith this was once a distinct Kingdom I am sure the Rascians have suffered very much in the present War and when the Turk in 1687. deserted Possega they put some thousands of these Rascians to the Sword for resusing to go with them and Plundred all the rest These were the ancient Scordisci Raseborg Raseburgum a small City in Finland under the Swedes in the Province of Nyland which has a large Haven on the Bay of Finland and seated on the Borders of South-Finland Rasen Market a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Walshcroft so called for its
distinction from three other Rasens in the same Hundred which have not the privilege to be Market Towns Rasino Erasmus a River on the East of the Morea which falls into the Inacho and with it into the Bay di Napoli Romania Rathal Alhaga Arabia Petraea the Stony Arabia Ratibor Ratibora Ratisboria a small but spruce City in Silefia in Bohemia which is the Capital of a Dukedom upon the Oder Four German Miles from Karnow to the East seven from the Borders of the Lesser Poland and the same distance from Oppolen to the South This place was Mortgaged to Casimir King of Poland Ratispon Ratisbon Augusta Tiberii Ratispona Ratisbona Castra Regina Reginum Rhaetobonna Rhetopolis a City of Germany called by the Inhabitants Regenspurgh in the Circle of Bavaria and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Saltzburgh It was first a Roman City or Colony built by Tiberius Caesar afterwards the Seat of the Kings of Bavaria and after that of the Dukes of the same Title Frederick I. made it a Free Imperial City Henry the Lyon proscribed and degraded it and put it under the Dominion of Otho Wittelspach Duke of Bavaria It stands upon the Danube which is here covered by a Stone Bridge built by Hen V. in 1135 at the Confluence of the River Regen fifteen Miles from Munick to the North seventeen above Passaw to the West and sixteen from Ausburgh to the North-East Said to have been Converted to the Christian Faith by Lucius Cyrenaeus a Disciple of S. Paul in 69. The Bishoprick was Instituted by Charles the Great who held a Council in this City in 792. There have been many German Diets held here which for brevity I must omit This City has embraced the Augustane Confession Long. 34. 18. Lat. 49. 00. Ratzburgh Ratzemburg or Ratzebourg Raceburgum a City of Germany in the Lower Circle of Saxony which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Breme It is little and subject as to the City to the Duke of Meckelburgh but the Castle is in the Hands of the Duke of Lawemburgh Before the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. they were both subject to the Bishop by that Treaty they were thus settled and made a Principality This City embraced the Augustane Confession in 1566. by the procurement of Christopher the thirtieth Bishop of this See who was of the Family of Meckelburgh It stands upon a Lake of the same name three Miles from Lubeck to the South four from Lawemburgh and six from Swerin to the West Rava a City of Poland which is the Capital of a Palatinate of the same name seated upon a River called Rava too eleven Polish Miles from Plocko to the South and fifteen from Warsaw to the West The houses are all of Wood. It has a Fortress Ravello Rebellum Ravellum a City in the Further Principato in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Salerno But in 1086. freed from his Jurisdiction by Pope Victor III. In 1603. the Bishoprick of Scala was for ever united to this from which it stands only two Miles and ten from Salerno to the West Ravenglass a Market Town in the County of Cumberland in the division of Allerdale encompassed on three parts of it by the Sea and the two Rivers betwixt which it stands Ravenna a City of Romandiola in Italy of great antiquity which is an Archbishops See and the Capital of that Province It stands on a marshy Ground forty five Miles from Bononia to the East thirty from Rimini forty two from Ferrara near the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea upon which it had a great Harbor now filled up with Sand. Built by the Sabins as Pliny saith as others by the Vmbrians about four hundred and ten years after the Flood A. M. 1766. In the latter times of the Roman Empire under Honorius it became the Seat of the Emperors fortified with new and strong Walls for that purpose Augustus had before made it the Station of his Fleets on the Adriatick Sea and made a noble Haven here which may be supposed to have contributed something to its growth and this change Theodorick King of the Goths in 493. took it after a Siege of three years and made it the Seat of his Kingdom In 539. Belisarius General under Justinian the Emperor recovered it to the Empire In 569. it became the Seat of the Exarchs or Vice-Roys of Italy under the Constantinopolitan Emperours In 725. it was Sacked by Luitprandus King of Lombardy upon the Emperors Edict against Images but recovered by the Exarch by the assistance of the Pope and the Venetians two years after In 752. Aristulphus King of the Lombards took it from the Greeks and drove out the Exarchs In 774. Charles the Great took it from the Lombards and gave it to the Church of Rome This City maintained a War against the Venetians in 1140. In 1441. the Venetians took it and kept it till 1509 when it was forced from them by a League of the Emperor King of France Pope the Duke of Milan and a joynt War of all these Princes upon them But the Pope salling out with the French King Lewis XII lost the City to him again and an Army of sixteen thousand Men in 1512 they were soon after sorced to desert it The Archbishops See was founded by Valentinian the Emperor about 425 and never subject to the Pope till 684 when the Pope after a great contest obtained this point from Constantinus Pogonatus Emperor of Greece who was a great admirer of the Sanctity of Benedict II. and with respect to that subjected this See to Rome There was a Council held here in 901. which confirmed all the proceedings of a Council at Rome under Pope John IX for the cassating of Pope Stephen VI. his Acts against the memory of Pope Formosus And another in 967 in the presence of Pope John XIII and the Emperor Otho I. touching the reformation of Ecclesiastical Discipline with divers others of the same subject The City is now in a declining condition and decays sensibly Long. 34. 53. Lat. 43. 54. Ravensberg Ravensberga a small Town which gives name to an Earldom in the Circle of Westphalia It stands upon an Hill eighteen Miles from Osnaburgh to the South thirty two from Paderborne to the North and thirty from Munster to the East The Earldom of Ravensberg is a small Territory between the Bishopricks of Minden and Osnaburgh to the North and West that of Munster to the South and the County of Lippe to the East The Capital of which is Bifeld This was subject to the Dukes of Juliers and now under the Duke of Brandenburgh in their Right Ravensburgh a small German City in the Circle of Schwaben in Algow upon the River Schuss six Miles from Constance to the East and three from Lindaw to the North an Imperial Free City It is sometimes written Ravenspurg and is of great antiquity Ravestein a Town upon the Maes in the Dukedom of
County is bounded on the North by the Curlew Mountains dividing it from Slego on the East by the River Shannon dividing it from the Counties of Lotrim Longford West-Meath and Kings County on the South by Kings County and Galloway and on the West by the River Suck which parts it from Galloway and Mayo It is of a considerable length viz. sixty English Miles from North to South but not above nineteen where broadest the Soil is level and extremely fruitful so that it abounds with Grass and Corn produced by very little Husbandry Roscomen the principal Town which gives name to it stands upon the River Suck towards the Western Border but near the middle of the County twelve Miles from Athlone to the North-West and thirty three from Galway to the North-East Rosas Rhoda Rhode Rodopolis once a City now only a Castle and a small Town in the County of Roussillon in Catalonia in Spain which has a large Harbour on the Mediterranean Sea very strongly and well fortified taken by the French in 1645. but restored by the Pyrenean Treaty to Spain It stands ten Spanish Leagues from Perpignan to the South This place was first fortified by Charles V. before which it was only a Monastery though in the time of the Romans it had been one of the most considerable Cities in Spain supposed to have been built by the Rhodians before the Romans were Masters of this Kingdom and from them to have taken this name Rosetto Metelis a City of Egypt called by the Turks Raschit by the Italians Rosetto it stands with a Port upon the Mediterranean Sea upon the Mouth of that Branch of the Nile which was anciently called Canopicum now one of the principal Cities of that Kingdom Monsieur Thevenot who travelled from Alexandria hither tells us that it is sixty short Miles This City saith he was anciently called Canopus it lies five Miles up the River from the Sea and is next to Cairo one of the best Cities in Egypt and still encreasing being a place of great Traffick very pleasant surrounded by lovely Gardens and full of well-built tall Houses and in which there is great plenty of Victuals very cheap but in the Months of July and August they have none but Cistern-waters to drink Many pieces of ancient Money have been found in the Sand betwixt Alexandria and this City The Country about it yields Sugar-Canes in plenty Long. 60. 45. Lat. 31. 6. Roseveque a small Town in Flanders famous for a Battel which Charles V. won against the Rebellious Gante-men of whom were slain forty thousand and their General Philip d' Artevill taken and hanged Rosieme Rosima a City in Poland the Capital of Samogithia upon the River Dubissa twelve Polish Miles from Corona to the North thirty from Riga to the South and twenty seven from Vilna to the West this place is little and ill peopled Baudrand writes Rosienie Rosâ— Russia a County in the North of Scotland bounded on the North by Naverina and Sutherland on the South by Murray and Abria on the East by the German and on the West by the Irish Sea Charles I. was Earl of this County in the Life of his Father Rossano Roscianum Ruscianum a City in the Hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Archbishops See and a Principality built upon a Rock incompassed on all sides by Rocks and seated scarce three Miles from the Shoars of the Bay of Taranto sixteen from Bisignano to the East thirty five from Cosenza to the South-East and twelve from Thurium to the South which last being an old City was formerly the Bishops See This Place is great well peopled and was the Birth-place of Pope John VII Rosse Rossa a Town anciently in the Province of Mounster in the County of Cork and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cashell it stands upon the British Channel at the Mouth of a small River called Fin thirty Miles from Cork to the South-West and twenty two from Kinsale to the West The Bishops See in 1618. was united to that of Cork the Town being reduced to a meer Village § There is a Market Town of this name in Herefordshire in the the Hundred of Greytree upon the River Wyc Rossetto See Rosetto Rossillon Ruscinonensis Comitatus a County of Catalonia called by the French Roussillon by the Spaniards Rossillon bounded on the East by the Mediterranean Sea on the North by Languedoc on the West by Ceretania and on the South by Catalonia The Capital of it is Perpignan There are besides in it Leucate Villa Franca Rodes Eâ—na and some other Places of note it extending from East to West eighteen Spanish Leagues This Country was anciently a part of Gallia Narbonensis annexed to Spain in the Times of the Goths had then Earls which were Sovereign Princes of it and on the Death of Gerard the last of them under Alphonsus II. added to Arragon By James I. annexed to the Kingdom of Majorca and recovered back again to that Crown by Pedro IV. By King John II. sold to Lewis XI of France in 1462. and by Charles VIII of France returned back freely to Ferdinando on condition he should not obstruct his Conquest of the Kingdom of Naples in 1493. It continued under that Crown till 1659. when Lewis XIII retook it by his Arms. and had the Possession confirmed by the Pyrenean Treaty There are three considerable Rivers watering it the Tet the Tech and the Egli Rostock Rostocium Rostochium Raciburgum Rhodopolis Rosarum or Rosarium Vrbs a City in the Lower Saxony upon the Baltick Sea in the Dukedom of Meckleburg in Germany which is a Free Imperial City and has an Harbour made by the River Warna on which it stands eight Miles from Wisemar to the East and eleven from Stralsundt to the West It is under the Protection of the Dukes of Meckleburg by whose Ancestors it was built about 329. and walled by another about 1160. It s Ancient Name was Rostzoch or Rotzoch which signifies a Miry Ground Ericus King of Denmark conquered this Territory about 1286. Christopher III. his Successor in 1322. restored it to the Duke of Meckleburg Waldemarus IV. granted this City and its Territory to Albert Duke of Meckleburg in 1360. Aâ—bert another Duke in 1416. founded an University here which was opened three years after It is about five Miles in compass and almost equal to Lubeck A Sedition arising in this City in 1573. against the Duke he entred it in Arms and treated the Senate with great severity In 1629. it was with the whole Dutchy of Mecklenburg taken by the Imperialists out of whose hands it was recovered by the Swedes Octob. 16. 1631. Long. 34. 20. Lat. 54 20. Rostow Rostovia a great City in Russia which is the Capital of a Dukedom of the same Name and an Archbishops See It stands upon the River Cotorea having a Fortress of Wood twenty six Miles from the Wolga to the South and thirty four from Mosco to the
It is sufficiently known how the first Romans under Romulus procured themselves Wives from this People their Neighbours Sabionetta Sabuloneta a strong Town in Lombardy which has a strong Castle Garrisoned by Spaniards It is the Capital of a Sovereign Dukedom belonging heretofore to the Caraffa's and now to the Gusman's a Spanish Family between the Dukedom of Mantoua to the East and the Territory of Cremena to the West twenty five Miles East of Cremona and fifteen North of Parma Sablé Sabolium a small City in the Province of Maine upon the River Sarte ten Leagues from Anger 's to the North and from Mans to the South Sablestan Sablistania an inland Province in the Kingdom of Persia towards the East in the Mountains between Chorazan to the North and Khermon or Caramania to the South The Cities of which are Zarans Bost and Nebesaet Sacae an ancient People of Scythia betwixt the Mountain Imaus and the Sarmatian Alani represented by Dionysius Africanus and others as a wild and cruel Nation Sacania Laconia the most Southern Province in the Morea containing that part which was anciently under the Lacedemonians and Argia The Capital of which is Misitra Sacay Sacaia a City in Japan Sacca Siacca Saxa Xacca a City on the South Shoar of Sicily in the Valley of Mazara called by the Ancients Thermae Selinuntiae It stands at the foot of a Mountain and has an Harbour twenty two Miles from Mazara to the East and forty from Gergenty Cluverius saith it has an ancient Castle which is now carefully upheld and repaired A Synod was held here in 1579. Sachsen See Saxony Sadodela Edus a River of Liguria in Italy now in the States of Genoua which falls into the Porcevera Saffay Savus a small River of Barbary which falls into the Mediterranean Sea in the Kingdom of Argier between Accharara and Metafus Sagabria See Zagabria Sagan Saganum a City in Silesia in the Kingdom of Bohemia the Capital of a Dukedom of the same name called by the Germans Zeigan It stands upon the Bober where it receives the Queiss seven German Miles from Glogaw to the West and six from Crossen to the North. Now in the Hands of the Emperor as King of Bohemia whose Predecessors in 1548. redeemed to out of the Hands of the Elector of Saxony to whom it was Mortgaged together with its Dukedom Sagone a ruined City in the Island of Corsica which is yet a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Pisa in Italy the Bishop keeping Residence at a neighbouring Town Sagriano Sagra a small River in the Farther Calabria Saguenay a River Town and Province in New France The River discharges it self into the Gulph of S. Lawrence Saguntum a noble and famous City of the ancient Spain whose memory is recorded with honour for their fidelity to their Allies the Romans when Hannibal desieg'd them nine months together in the year of Rome 535. Chusing rather than betray the one or fall into the Hands of the other in one vast fire made in the middle of the City to destroy themselves their Wives and Children with every thing that was dear and valuable to them Hannibal razed the place Which fact of his became the Subject of the second Punick War Flor. 2. 6. Sahid Delta an Island made by the divided Branches of the Nile and the Mediterranean Sea which is the best part of the Lower Egypt See Delta Saille or Haute-Saille Alta Sylva a Monastery of the Cistercian Order in the Pais de Vauge in the Dukedom of Lorain first established about the year 1140. in the midst of a great high Forest and therefore called Saille by a corruption of the word Silva Saint Santo Santa Sainct Is a VVord frequently put before the Names of Places since Christianity prevailed in the VVorld of which those that are omitted under their proper Names are as followeth S. Agatha di Gotti Agatha or Fanum Sanctae Agathae Agathopolis a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Further Principate which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento nine Miles from Telese to the South and fourteen from Capua and Benevento S. Aignan or Agnan a Town of the Dukedom of Berry in France which stands at the reception of the River Saudre by the Cher adorned with the Title of a Dukedom and Peerdom now of an Earldom before and so called in honour of a Bishop of Orleans of this name its tutelar whose reliques they preserve here It s more ancient name was Hagand S. Alyre a Town and Abbey in the Province of Auvergne in France near Clermont by which the River Tiretaine passes S. Amand Elno a Town in the Earldom of Flanders and Confines of Hainault in the Hands of the French and heretofore very strong but now dismantled It stands upon the River Scharpe which a little Lower falls into the Schelde four Leagues from Tournay to the South and three from Valenciennes The Lands lying between the Scharpe and the Schelde are from this place called the Isles de St. Amand but it s greatest glory is a celebrated Monastery Abbatia S. Amandi Elnonensis where the Saint of that name dyed This Town was taken by the French in 1667. The Forest beginning upon the Frontiers of Flanders and extending nigh to Valenciennes in Hainault hath the name also of the Forest of S. Amand. S. Amour a small Town in the County of Burgundy in France and the Diocese of Lyons Honored of late with a Collegiate Church S. Andero Andreapolis Antiqua Flavionavia a Town and Port in the Principality of Biscay in Spain lately advanced to the Dignity of a Bishop's See Some place it in the Asturias S. Andiol a Town in the Province of Vivaretz in France upon the Rhosne adorned with divers Ecclesiastical and Religious Houses and a College of the Barnabites It s ancient name in Latin was Gento Gentibo Gentibus This of S. Andiol and Fanum S. Andeoli descended upon it by the Martyrdom of S. Andeolus a Graecian Subdeacon here in the Reign of the Emperor Severus about the year 190 who with others had been sent to serve the Gauls by S. Polycarp from the East It hath the Latin name also of Vivariense Monasterium being under the Bishop of Viviers S. Andre or Fort de Saint Andre a strong Cittadel in the Dutchy of Guelderland in the Low Countries situated betwixt the Maze and the VVael about two Leagues from Bosteduc Built in 1599. by Andrew Cardinal of Austria and the year after taken by the Dutch who remain the Masters of it Only in 1672. the French gained it and soon after ruined and abandoned it § A Town near Buda in Hungary supposed by Bonfinius to be the Quarta decima legio Germanica of Ptolemy bears this name also Capo di S. Andrea a Promontory of the Island Cyprus the same which Pliny calls Dinaretum Capo S. Andrea a Promontory of the Peloponnesus in Achaia the same with the ancient Antirrhium of Ptolemy and Pliny S. Andres Lavantum
covered with glazed Slate The Soil is light and sandy apt to produce all sorts of Fruits as Sugar Tabacco Cotton Ginger Indico and the like it wants not Springs and some hot Waters sit for natural Baths This Island was discovered by Christopher Columbus the finder out of the New World and either called by this Name to preserve the Memory of his own or because the Island at a distance seems to represent the usual Picture of S. Christopher upon a Giants Shoulders The English have so increased that they have sent Colonies from thence to Barbuda Monserrat Antego and Barbadoes The French have built a Town of good bigness called le Basse-Terre by the English Back-starr and a College of Jesuits The Houses of Back starr are of Brick Free-Stone and Timber well inhabited by Tradesmen and Merchants But in a great measure destroyed by an Earthquake April 1690. the Earth opening in many places nine foot The English have taken all this Island to themselves in this War June and July 1690 under the Command of Capt. Codrington Capt. Wright and Sir Tim. Thornhill S. Claude Fanum Sti. Claudii a Town in the Franche Cempte in Burgundy fortified in the Borders of la Bresse formerly called S. Oyen de Joux it has a very celebrated Monastery five Leagues from Geneva to the West three from the Rhosne from this Town the Mountain de Joux is sometime called S. Claude S. Clou Fanum Sancti Clodoaldi a remarkable Town in the Isle of France on the Seyne over which it has a Stone Bridge and a magnificent Palace belonging to the Dukes of Orleans It stands upon an Hill two Leagues below Paris to the West Hen. III. King of France died in this Town in 1589. of the Wounds he received from a Fryar It has lately been honored with the Title of a Dukedom which is annexed to the Bishoprick of Paris S. Croce Stauropolis an Inland City of Caria in the Lesser Asia which is an Archbishops See who has a very large Jurisdiction there being under him twenty seven Suffragan Bishops Sancta Crux a Town upon the North Coast of the Island of Cuba in America Sancta Cruz a small but strong City in the Kingdom of Susa upon the Atlantick Ocean built by the Portuguese in 1536. but since taken by the King of Susa under whom it is It is also called Cap d' Aguer Sancta Cruz de la Sierra a small City in the Kingdom of Peru a Bishops See under the Archbishop of la Plata from which it stands one hundred Spanish Leagues to the East S. Davids Menevia a City and Bishoprick in the extreme corner of Pembrokeshire in Wales upon the Irish Sea and the Promontorium Octapitarum of the ancients the same that is now called S. Davids Head Often heretofore spoiled and ruined by the Danes Norwegians and other Pyrates The Cathedral now standing was the work of Peter the 49th Bishop of S. Davids in 1176. who dedicated it by the joynt names of S. Andrew and S. David this latter person being the Founder of the See For he in the time of the Saxons fury under King Arthur being Archbishop of Caerleon upon Vsk translated the Archiepiscopal See of Caerleon to Menew the ancient name of this City whence the Bishops style themselves Episcopi Menevenses so that Menew became an Archbishoprick and had seven Suffragans under it at S. Augustines coming into England it afterward continued so for twenty six Successions till Sampson an Archbishop of it in the time of a plague transferred the Pall and Dignity to Dole in Brittany Whereby his Successors at S. Davids lost their Name of Archbishops Yet Bernard B. of S. Davids in 1115. was the first that submitted himself to the See of Canterbury This Diocese contains the whole Counties of Pembroke Cardigan Caermarthen Radnor Brecknock with some small parts of Monmouth Hereford Montgomery and Glamorganshires S. Dizier a strong Town in Champagne in France upon the River Marne in the Borders of the Dukedom de la Barr six Leagues from Bar le Duc to the North-East and forty two from Paris to the East The Capital of the Territory of Valage betwixt Joinville and Chalon Besieged and taken by Charles V. in 1544 and after restored to France by the Peace of Crespy S. Domingo de la Calcada a small Town in Old Castile in Spain near Najara S. Donato Forum Appium a Town in the Campagnia di Roma in Italy S. Eustacia one of the Leeward Islands in the West-Indies otherwise called the Carribys It was planted by the French but taken from them by the English under Sir Tim. Thornhill and Capt. Wright July 1690. A very small Island with one only Fort is capable of about eighty Men. Near to S. Christophers S. Fe Fanum Sanctae Fidei a Town in Granada upon the River Xenil built by K. Ferdinando in 1491. in a Plain two Leagues from Granada to the West S. Fé a City i◠South America in Paragua in the Province of la Plata two hundred and forty Miles from the City de Buenos Ayres to the North. S. Fe de Bogota a City of South America in the Kingdom of New Granada the Capital of which it is and an Archbishops See It stands upon the River Pati by the Lake Guaravita at the foot of a Mountain called Bogota from which it has its Name a vast distance from the Sea every way S. Fiorenza Fanum Sancti Florentii a Town on the North Coast of the Island of Corsica under the Genouese with a Port and considerable Fortifications Understood by some to be the Canelata of Ptolemy S. Flour Floriopolis Fanum Sancti Flori a City in the Vpper Auvergne built on an high Hill commonly called la Planese and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourges ever since 1317. being then Founded by P. John XXII upon the River Ladir Twenty Leagues from Clermont to the South and eight from le Puy to the West Some take it to be the Indiacum of the ancients S. For a Town in Aquitain upon the River Dordogne in the Province of Agenois in the Borders of Perigort four Leagues from Bergerac to the West S. Foy a Town in the Province of Guyenne in France upon the Dordogne betwixt Bergerao and Libourne Taken by the Protestants in 1563. S. Gall Fanum Sancti Galli a Town in Switzerland which has a famous and rich Benedictine Abbey of greater Antiquity and much greater extent and jurisdiction than the Town being able to levy above six thousand Men of its own Subjects The Abbot is a Prince of the Empire since the year 1226. It stands in the Territory of Torgow betwixt the Cantons of Zurich and Appenzel and the Diocese of Constance and is one of the principal Cantons one Mile from the Lake of Constance and four from Lindaw to the West Heretofore an Imperial and Free City but now exempt The Abbey owes its Beginning either to an Irish or Scotch Devote of the name who preach'd
Julian Aspes in the Vpper Carniola scarce three German Miles from Volzana to the North and flowing Eastward through Carniola watereth Craineburg where it is a considerable River though not far from its Head It watereth Labach Cilley and Raia Then entring Sclavonia which it divides from Croatia Bosnia and Servia and passing by Zagrab Graditzka Possega at four Hungarian Miles distance to the South to Belgrade it there falls into the Danube after a Course of about three hundred Miles as Dr. Brown saith it has several considerable Islands made by its Stream in some of which the Romans had considerable Towns particularly in Sisseck near Zagabria The Waters of the Danube appear white and troubled those of the Save on the contrary are black and more clear This and the Drave inclose between them that most fruitful Country called Sclavonia Saverne or Zabern Tabernae Alsatiae a Town in Alsatia called by the Germans Elsas Zabern and by the French Saverne under the Bishop of Strasburg and his usual Residence Antoninus mentions this Place in his Itinerary It is a strong and populous City had heretofore a very strong Castle which is now demolished and it is seated upon the River Sorr near the Borders of Lorain four Miles from Strasburg to the West and from Hagenaw towards Nancy The Lutherans were defeated before this Town in 1525. by Anthony Duke of Loraine It yields very good Wine § There is a second Saverne in the Palatinate of the Rhine in Germany upon the River Erlbach called by the Natives Berg Zabern to distinguish it from Rhein Zabern a Town in the same Province situated at the Confluence of the Rhine and the Erlbach Savigliano Savilianum a great Town in Piedmont upon the River Magra under the Duke of Savoy between Fossano to the East and Saluzzo to the West five Miles from either Savio Isapis Sapis a River of Italy which springeth out of the Apennine in the Florentine Romandiola twelve Miles from Sarsina and flowing through Romandia properly so called washeth Sarsina and Sesena and falls into the Adriatick Sea five Miles from Cervia to the West Sauldre Sodera a River of France mentioned by Venantius Fortunatus which ariseth in Berry and flowing through Sologne and Blaisois four Leagues beneath Romorentin falls into the Cher. Sault Saltus a Castle and a County in France The Castle is seated in the Borders of the Dauphine and Vendosmois seven Leagues from Carpentras to the East and four from Apte in Provence to the North from this Castle the adjacent Country is called the Comte de Sault Saumont Saluas Mons a Town in the Diocese of Paris in France Saumur Salmurium a City of France which has been called Truncum it is seated in Anjou upon the River Loyre over which it has a long Stone Bridge eight Leagues from Angiers to the East The Tuede a small River falls near it into the Loyre It is a pleasant City upon an Hill having a strong Castle and not built above six hundred years since This whilst the Protestant Religion was suffered in France was imployed by them as an University The Oratorians have now a College at it It has been anciently honoured with four or five Synods Taken from the Huguenots in 1684. An Image of the B. Virgin there now is said to do Miracles Sauna Sapina a River of Romandiola Saunoi Salonensis Ager a Territory between the Seile and the Nita in the Diocese of Metz in France Savolax Savolaxia a County in Sweden in Finland between Kekholm to the East and Tavasthia to the West Carelia to the South and Muscovy to the North in which there is no place of note Savona Savo Saona a City of Liguria called by the Inhabitants Sana by the Spaniards Saona It is seated in the States of Genoua and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan very populous defended by two strong Castles with five Gates and divers fine Churches the second City of note in the States of Genoua The Popes Gregory VII Julius II. and Sixtus IV. were all its Natives It had a very convenient Harbor which the Genouese have designedly ruin'd and stands in the Bay delle Spetie which makes the best Harbour in all the Mediterranean This Port of Savona was ruined by the States because the French demanded it to make it a Magazine for Salt Andrew Doria had before begun this Work by sinking two great Vessels in the Mouth of it loaded with Earth and since they have walled it up with Masons Work to make it for ever useless This City stands twenty five Miles from Genoua to the West and from Albenga to the East Savonnieres an ancient Town one League from Toul in Loraine where in the year 859. in the Reign of Charles the Bald K. of France and P. Nicholas I a Provincial Council was celebrated called by the name of Concilium ad Saponarias Saur Sura a Village and a River which falls into the Moselle See Sour Saura Isauria a City in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Iconium and stands in South Galathia near Psidia Saustia Sebastia an Episcopal City in Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia Long 67. 30. Lat. 42. 30. Savoy Allobroges Sapandia Sabaudia a celebrated Sovereign Dukedom in Europe called by the Natives Savoy by the Germans Saffoy by the Spaniards Saboya It was of old a part of Gallia Narbonensis and the North part of the Country possessed by the Allobroges on the North bounded by Vallais or Wallisserlandt Switzerland and Gex on the West by Beugey separated from it by the Rhosne on the South by Dauphine on the East by Piedmont and the Dukedom of Milan a part of it reaching beyond the Alpes The whole is covered by vast high Hills and Mountains and as it is thereby made healthful so it is generally barren the Valleys excepted There are some Mines in it and a great deal of game Divided ordinarily into six parts viz. Savoy properly so called Genevois Maurienne Tarantaise Fossigm and Chablais The Inhabitants are dull of apprehension and no great Soldiers the chief City Geneva is a Free State the best under the Duke of Savoy is Chambery or Cameraci The Conquest of this Country for the Romans was begun by Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus in the Year of Rome 631 one hundred and nineteen Years before the Birth of our Saviour Nero first made it a Roman Province At the fall of the Roman Empire it became a part of the Kingdom of Burgundy and under Rodolph the last King was united to Germany In the year 999 Berald of Saxony fled hither and settled whose Son Humbert was by Conradus Salicus made Earl of Maurence a Town in this Country in the year 1027. From this beginning by Conquests and Marriages this Family became so considerable that Sigismond the Emperour Created Amadee the eighth in the Line Duke of Savoy in the year 1397. or as others in the year 1416. Victor Amadee II. the present Duke of Savoy succeeded
Charles Emanuel his Father in the year 1675 being then a Child of nine years of Age the thirtieth in this Line and of the Roman Catholick Religion his usual Residence is at Turin in Piedmont where he declared War against France Jun. 4. 1690 in Conjunction with the Confederate Princes But has since lost a considerable part of his Dominions Sauve or Saulve Salvia a Town and Viguerye or Provostship in Languedoc in the Diocese of Nismes upon the River Vidourle adorned with an Abbey of the Benedictines since the year 1020. Saw the Save Sax-mundesham a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Plumesgate upon a small River not far from the Sea Saxony Saxonia by the Germans called Sachsen in the several Ages that are past since the Roman Empire has had very different Bounds but the Brevity of this Work will admit only of its present State To take it in its largest Acceptation it contains two of the Circles of the German Empire called the Vpper and the Lower Circles of Saxony the Lower Saxony contains the Dukedoms of Brunswick Luneburg Magdeburg Breme Mecklenburg Holsatia and Lauenburg the Principalities of Ferden and Halberstad and the Bishoprick of Hildesheim which Countries lie between Westphalia to the West the Vpper Saxony to the East and South and Jutland and the Baltick Sea to the North all described in their proper Places The Vpper Circle of Saxony contains the Marquisate of Brandenburg Pomerania Thuringia Misnia the Dukedom of Saxony properly so called the Principality of Anhault Bounded on the East by Lusatia and Poland on the North by the Baltick Sea on the West by the Lower Saxony and on the South by Franconia and Bohemia The Electorate of Saxony is a Province of Germany in the Vpper Circle of Saxony bounded on the East by Lusatia on the North by the Marquisate of Brandenburg and the Principality of Anhault on the West by the Dukedoms of Brunswick and Hassia and on the South by Franconia and Bohemia The principal Town of it is Witteburg This Electoral Prince has the sixth Place amongst the Electors and his Residence at Dresden In the year 1652. John George I. Elector of Saxony divided this Duchy between his four Sons The Ancient Inhabitants were the Lombards As these and the Franks went South upon their Conquests made in the Roman Empire so the Saxons followed them and took Possession of their Ancient Seats as far as the Rhine They were with great difficulty Conquered by Charles the Great about the year 785. after thirty years of War with them Wittikindus their last King being made by Charles the Great the first Duke of Saxony upon his embracing the Christian Faith From him are descended all the Kings of France since Hugh Capet the Kings of Denmark of the House of Oldenburg the Dukes of Burgundy and Savoy the Marquesses of Montisferat and many other Noble and Illustrious Families of lesser Note so that this Person seems to have inherited Abraham's Blessing as to this This Dukedom is still in the same Family tho there was an Interruption of two hundred years beginning in the year 1180. and ending in the year 1423. To this Illustrious House Germany in a great degree owes the Reformation which begun by Luther here but for John Frederick the thirtieth Duke had been stifled in its Rise John George III. the present Elector is the thirty seventh Duke from Wittikindus and the twelfth since the Restitution of the Line The Richest as well as the most Ancient of the Princes in the Electoral College next the Emperor He also is by Birth-Right Great-Marshal or Gentleman of the Horse in the Empire and by Religion of the Augustane Confession The principal Branches of the House of Saxony are those of Saxe-Hall Saxe-Mersbourg Saxe-Naumburg Saxe-Weymar Saxe-Eysenach and Saxe-Gotha The Saxon-Heptarchy The ancient Brittains under Vortiger in their Wars with the Picts and Scots calling unto their assistance after the Roman Forces were totally withdrawn the Saxons and Angles out of Germany about the year 428 or as others 449 These Saxons under Hengist their General not only completed the Work they came for by chasing away the Northern Invaders but made themselves in time Masters of the Country of the Britains too suppressing the names of the Provinces and People that had been before assigned by the Romans and dividing their own Conquests into the seven Kingdoms of Kent the South Saxons West Saxons East Saxons East Angles Mercia and Northumberland The first of which Kent was set up by Hengist in 455. containing the County of Kent That of the South Saxons contained Sussex and Surrey and began in the Person of Aella who arrived in Britain a little before the death of Hengist in 488. The Kingdom of the West Saxons took in Cornwal Devonshire Somersetshire Dorsetshire Wiltshire Berkshire and Hampshire commencing about the year 519. in the Person of K. Cerdicus The Kingdom of the East Saxons advanced next about the year 527. under K Erchenweme taking in Middlesex Essex and part of Hartfordshire Towards 547 Ida Governour of Northumberland under the King of Kent set up for himself and extended his Kingdom over Yorkshire Lancashire Durham Westmorland Cumberland and Northumberland with the Southern parts of Scotland as far as to Edinburgh About 575. Vffa King of the East-Angles established a Kingdom in Norfolk Suffolk and Cambridgshire And lastly towards 580. began the great and inland Kingdom of Mercia under K. Cridda whose extent is already expressed under the word Mercia This Heptarchy by the successes of Egbert the 18th King of the West Saxons who had followed abroad the Wars of Charles the Great and began his Reign about the year 801. united in one Monarchy under him by the year 819. Whereupon the name of Heptarchy was suppressed and K. Egbert by a special Edict with the concurrence of the states of the whole Realm convened at Winchester in 819 ordained that the Kingdom and Country should be called Anglelond or Englelond whence England by reason himself was descended from the Angles So Egbert was the first King of England Scafato the lower part of the River Sarno in Italy Scagen Scagense Promontorium the most Northern Cape of Jutland in fifty eight degrees of Latitude over against Gottenburg in Sweden ten Danish Miles from Alberg to the North-East and from Gottenburg to the West There is a Village near this Cape called Skune Scala Scalis a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Principato which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Amalfi but this Bishoprick is united for ever to that of Ravello from which it stands one Mile and two from Amalfi it is very small and has not above one hundred and fifty Houses standing on an Hill at the Foot of Mount Cama and heretofore from that called Cama Scala Marmorea Amycli Daphne a Port of Bithynia in the Lesser Asia upon the Thracian Bosphorus or Streights of Constantinople beyond Chalcedon
Territory of Padoua in Italy Sclavonia the Southern Province of the Lower Hungary called by the Italians Schiavonia by the Germans die Sclavinien by the Poles Slovienska Ziemia The middle Ages under this Name comprehended Illyricum Dalmatia Croatia Bosnia and this which is now called Sclavonia On the North it has the Drave a great River which parts it from the Lower Hungary on the East the Danube on the South the Save which divides it from Croatia Bosnia and Servia and on the West Carniola and Stiria The length of it from the Town of Kopranitz in the West to the fall of the Drave into the Danube in the East is fifty German Miles its breadth from the Drave to the Save twelve This Country was first possessed by the Pannonians after that by the Goths about 386 who were Conquered by the Sclaves about 550. About 1200. these People became Tributaries to the Kings of Hungary About 1544. this Country was first subdued by Solyman the Magnificent In 1687. after the Battel of Mohats the Turkish Army mutining against the Prime Vizier all this Country except Gradisca submitted to the Emperor the Turks deserting it without any blows The German̄s upon their return were very well pleased with the Fertility of it The Chief Towns in it are Gradisca Esseck and Possega which is the Capital City The Inhabitants are great lovers of War and pray for nothing more earnestly than that they may die with their Arms in their Hands Scodra a City of Illyricum attributed by Livy and Ptolemy to Dalmatia and in those times the Seat of the Kings of Illyricum Now the Capital City of Albania and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Antivari great and populous it stands upon the River Boiana Barbana twenty four Miles from the Adriatick Sea and eighty from Ragusa to the North East Twice besieged by the Turks under Mahomet II. without success and in 1478. resigned to them for a Peace by the Venetians The Inhabitants call it Scadar the Turks Iscodar and the Italians Scutari The Lake Labeatis out of which the Boiana Springs takes the name now of the Lake of Sclitari Long. 44. 20. Lat. 42. 24. Scone Scona a celebrated Abbey in the County of Perth upon the Tay three Miles from S. Johnston to the North West in which the Kings of Scotland for many Ages were Crowned Scopia Scapi a City of the Vpper Moesia and the Capital of Dardania in the Borders of Macedonia in the times of Ptolemy now called Scopia by the Italians and Vschub by the Turks It is a great populous City in Servia an Archbishop's See and the Seat of the Sangiack of Servia feated in a fruitful Plain upon the River Vardar over which it has a Stone Bridge of twelve Arches one hundred Miles from Thessalonica to the North-West ten from Sophia to the West and about the same distance from Giustandil to the South The River upon which it stands falls into the Bay of Thessalonica Scotland Scotia is the second Kingdom in Great Britain called by the French l' Escosse by the Italians Scotia by the Germans Schottlandt On the East it is bounded by the German Ocean on the North by the Deucalidonian Sea and the Isles of Orkney on the West by the Vergivian Ocean and the Irish Sea on the South by the River Tweed the Cheviot Hills and the adjacent Tract to Solway Sands whereby it is separated from England Solway Fyrth lies in deg 56. of Latitude and the most Northern point lies in 60 30. by which it should be three hundred and fifteen English Miles in length Polydore Virgil reckons four hundred and eighty its breadth is no where above sixty and its form Triangular with many great Inlets and Arms of the Ocean which indent both the Eastern and Western sides of it The Soil especially towards the North is generally barren affords little Timber and no Fruit Trees The Southern parts are more fruitful the Air in both sharp and cold It is divided into two parts the Southern and the Northern by Dunbritain and Edenburgh Fyrth The South part called the Low-Lands is fuller of Cities and great Towns the People are more rich and better civilized as not only Inhabiting a better Country but driving a Trade at Sea The Northern or High-Lands are more barren and poor the Inhabitants accordingly patient of want and hunger and very temperate in their Diet without which Virtues they could not subsist South Scotland is divided into twenty one North Scotland into thirteen Counties For the Ecclesiastical Government they have two Archbishops S. Andrews who has eight and Glascow who has three Suffragan Bishops under him In the times of the Romans this Country was called Caledonia and Albania the People Picts from their custom of Painting their Bodies The Romans never extended their Conquests beyond the South of Scotland because they thought the Northern and barrener parts not worth their pains The remaining Inhabitants after the withdrawing of the Roman Garrisons from the Northern parts of Britain became very troublesome to the Britains and forced them to call in the Saxons about 449 who Conquered the South parts of Scotland and possess it to this day The Scots or Irish about the same time entered the Western parts of Scotland and by degrees united first with the Picts or Highlanders by their assistance Conquered the Saxons and gained the Sovereignty of that whole Kingdom But there being no Letters here the Story of these times is very dark which has occasioned great Controversies concerning the time of the Scots coming out of Ireland About 839 the Picts were intirely subdued by Kenneth II. first sole King of all Scotland This Line continued under twenty three Princes to 1285. When Alexander III. dying without Issue there began a tedious and bloody contest about the Succession which was referred to Edward I. of England who adjudged the Crown to John Baliol an Englishman He Rebelling against his Benefactor was defeated by that Prince who following his blow made himself Master of Scotland and kept it to his death In 1307. Robert Bruce the other Competitor overthrew the English established himself King of Scotland and Reigned till 1332 when the Kingdom divided again between Edward Baltol and David Bruce which latter prevailed at first against his Competitor but fell under the power of the English where he was many years a Prisoner In 1371. Rob. II. Surnamed Steward descended from the eldest Daughter of David Bruce succeeded In 1602. James VI. the ninth in this Line succeeded after Queen Elizabeth to the Crown of England as Descended both by Father and Mother from Margaret the eldest Daughter of Henry VII King of England the whole Line of Henry VIII being extinguished The Christian Religion was Planted here by different Persons and at several times The Saxon Scots were Converted by Aidan the first Bishop of Lindisferne about 635. The South-Eastern by Nimas Bishop of Candida Casa or White Herne about 555. The Highlanders or
River of Cilicia in the Lesser Asia which springeth out of Mount Taurus and falls into the Mediterranean Sea between the Cities of Anemora and Arsinoë Sentino Sentinus a small River in the Marchia Anconitana which running by Sentina once a considerable Town but now only a Castle in the Dukedom of Vrbino in a pleasant Valley fifteen Miles from Eugubio the Town being ruined by the Lombards falls into the Esino Sephoris an antient City of Palestine in Galilee four Miles from Nazareth towards Mount Carmel upon a little Hill in the midst of a Plain Herod made it the principal Place for Strength in all Galilee for the greater security of his Tetrarchy Joachim and Ann the Father and Mother of the B. Virgin were Natives and Inhabitants of it in the place of whose House a Christian Church in the Primitive Times was erected as appears by the remaining Ruines There is a very large Fountain near it called commonly by the same name of the Fountain of Sephoris by which the Christian Armies often assembled in the times of the Kings of Jerusalem From Sephoris some write that Joachim and Ann removed to Nazareth and thence to Jerusalem It has been since called Dio-Cesarea but now lies in Ruines Ser Cyrrhus a River of Albania a Province or Kingdom of Greece Seraio Seraium a City of Bosnia upon the River Migliazka in the Lower Bosnia It is great and strong the Capital of that Kingdom being some few Miles from the Borders of Servia and about thirty from the Save to the South and about hinety from Belgrade to the South-West Seram a River of Bugey in France in the Territory of Valromey passing under the Bridge of Soy into the Serâ—erin and thence near Rochefore into the Rhosne Serchio Aesaris Auser Sarculus a River of Italy which ariseth out of the Apennine in Tuscany in the Borders of the Dukedom of Modena and flowing through Carfagnana and the States of Luca not far from the Capital City of that State entertaineth the Osaro and entring the Dukedom of Florence falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea five Miles North of the Mouth of the River Arno. Sere Sara a River of France in Touraine Another in the Low Countries which falls into the Oyse Seregippe del Rey a City in Brasil in South America built on an Hill near the Mouth of the River Potigipeda on the Eastern Coast the Capital of a Province of the same name between Pernambuc to the North and the Province of All Saints to the South both City and Province being subject to the King of Portugal Sereth Tiarantus a River of Moldavia which falls into the Danube near Galacz or Axiopolis Serica a great Region of the ancient Asia betwixt China to the East and the Mountain Imaus to the West famous heretofore for Manufactures in Silk Its Cities were Issedon Serica Ottorocorra Piada c. The Inhabitants are known in Antiquity by the name of Seres This Country at present lies contained in the Kingdoms of Niuche Tangut c. in the Asiatick Tartary to which some add Cathay As some include it in the ancient Scythia Asiatica others make them separate The Occhardus now Tartar is a River of Serica Serio Serius a River in Lombardy in the States of Venice which springeth out of the Mountains in the Borders of the Grisons and flowing South by Bergamo and Crema falls into the Adda above Piciglione a great Town in the Dukedom of Milan five Miles from the Borders of the Dukedom of Parma Sermoneto Sulmo Sermineta a Town in Campagua di Roma in the States of the Church which gives the Title of a Duke to the Family of Cajetan It stands twenty eight Miles from Rome to the South and seventeen from Terracina to the North-East Serpa a Town in the Kingdom of Portugal towards the Borders of Andalusia near the River Guadiana upon an Eminence with a Castle for its security It hath an unfruitful Country about it Serphino or Serfinus Seriphus an Island in the Archipelago towards Europe full of Rocks about thirty Miles in Circuit betwixt the Islands of Fermema or Thermia and Sifano The Romans used to banish Criminals to it Serrano a small uninhabited Island in the North-Sea in America betwixt Jamaica and the Region of Nicaragua in New Spain to which the Misfortunes of a Spaniard called Serrano who was Shipwrack'd upon it in the time of Charles V and detained all alone some years there for want of a Vessel to take him up again have fastned his own name Serres or Seres Serrae a City of Macedonia mentioned in Niceta Cedrenus and the latter Greek Writers by Leunclavius now called Seres It is now a considerable and well peopled Place advanced to the Honour of an Archbishops See in the place of Amphipolis between which Thessalonica and Philippi it stands upon an Hill our latter Maps place it thirty four Miles from Amphipolis to the South-East sixty from Thessalonica to the North-East and thirty from Contessa to the North-West Servan or Schirwan Servania Atropatia a Province in the North West of the Kingdom of Persia towards the Borders of Georgia and the Turkish Empire the Northern Bounds of which are the Caspian Sea It has many great Cities and is one of the most Fruitful and Populous Provinces in that Kingdom though it has suffered much in latter times by the Depredations of the Turks The Cities of it are Tauris Schamachie Servan Ardebeil and Baâ—â— This Country makes a part of the ancient Media Servia a Province of the Turkish Empire called by them Zirfia It is of great extent Bounded on the West by Croatia or rather Bosnia and Dalmatia and in part by Sclavonia on the North by the Danube which separates it from the Vpper Hungary and Moldavia on the East by Bulgaria and on the South by Macedonia Albania and Dalmatia The chief Towns and Cities in it are Belgrade Prisren Novibazar Procupie Semander and Scopia which was anciently the Capital In the times of the Romans this was called Moesia Superior esteemed a part of Thrace and the most barbarous Nation the Romans had subdued which was done by Marcus Licinius Crassus in the times of Augustus Caesar In the fall of the Roman Empire the Servi a Branch of the Sclaves became Masters of this Country and gave it the name of Servia About 1000. it was conquered by the Emperors of Constantinople but suffered to continue under their own Princes as Homagers to the Empire Amurath I. was the first of the Ottoman Princes who invaded this Country He took Nissa about 1374. after which they maintained a Bloody War with some Intermissions till 1460 when they finally submitted to Mahomet the Great and ever after esteemed a Province of that Empire The Christian Faith was first setled here by Cyril and Methodius between 860. and 890. Methodius taking care to give them the Bible in the Sclavonian Tongue together with the Divine Offices which they hold in high esteem to this day The
Barkstow upon a small stream falling into the VVarfe and the Ouse at the place of their Conjunction This Town is noted for the Stone-quarries near it well inhabited and provided with a Free-School Shoreham a Market Town in the County of Sussex in Bramber Rape by the Sea side Shrewsbury Salopia the principal City in Shropshire is seated upon the Severne on the top of an Hill of Red Earth in the middle of that County The River runs almost round the Town and is covered by two lovely Bridges Roger of Montgomery in the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror built on the North side of it a strong Castle which added much to its strength he founded a stately Abbey in it whose remains are extant still It was then a very considerable Place Nor is it after so many Ages sunk in its Wealth Riches or People but still a goodly City and the Centre of the Trade between VVales and England Near this City in 1463 was a sharp Battel fought between Henry IV. and Henry Percie Earl of Northumberland on the behalf of Edward Mortimer Earl of March as the right Heir of the Crown of England after Richard II. In 1067 Roger de Montgomery Earl of Arundel was by the Conqueror created Earl of Shrewsbury His Posterity enjoyed it till 1102 in three descents and then were divested of it In 1442 John Talbot Marshal of France a Person of great Worth and Conduct and the terror of France was by Henry VI made Earl of this City which Honour is enjoyed by his Posterity to this day Charles Talbot the twelfth of this Line succeding in 1667. Shrewsbury contains now five Parish Churches denominates a Lath is encompassed with a strong Wall with a Bulwark that ranges from the Castle to the Severn and is represented in the lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses First supposed to have taken its rise from the ruines of the ancient Vriconium which stood not far from it Shropshire Salopia is bounded on the North by the County Palatine of Chester on the East by Staffordshire on the South by Worcester Hereford and Radnorshires on the West by Montgomery and Denbigh It s length from North to South is thirty four its breadth from East to West twenty five and the circuit about one hundred thirty four English Miles wherein lye one hundred and seventy Parishes and fifteen Market Towns The Air of it is gentle and healthful the Soil rich and fruitful abounding in Wheat Barley Pit-Coals Iron and Wood. The Severne which is the second River of England divides this County almost in the middle receiving into it the Camlet the Morda the Mele the Roddon the Terne the VVorse and some others on the South it has the Temde which receives the Bradfield Onke Omey Quenny Stradbrook Corve Ledwich and Rea all which and some other Rivers water and enrich the South part of this County so that it may very well be one of the most fruitful and best peopled Counties in England The Principal City is Shrewsbury Siam a City and Kingdom beyond the Ganges in the Further East Indies The Kingdom is bounded on the North by the Kingdoms of Pegu and Ava on the East Cambaya Lao Jancoma and Tangu on the South the Bay of its own Name and on the West by the Bay of Bengale making by this form of its situation a Demicircle of about four hundred and fifty Leagues Some assign it a far greater extent and bound it by Pegu and Lao on the North the Chinian and Indian Oceans to the East and West with the Kingdom of Malaca to the South And this way it makes a great Peninsula It is certain the King of Siam keeps several other Kingdoms and Principalities tributary to him and his Country being blessed with a good Air a fertile Soil Mines of Lead Tin Silver and Gold tho of a base Alloy with store of Ivory and being visited continually by Vessels from Japan China Cochinchina Tonquin the Sound and the Philippine Islands from all parts of the Hither East Indies and from Arabia Persia and the Kingdoms of Europe it affords the enjoyment of every thing almost that is valuable Whilst the Sun is in the Northern Signs from March to September the Fields are generally overflown by the Rivers which much contributes to the fertility of them for the Ear of the Rice mounts above the height of the Waters The King of Siam was Master heretofore of Malaca see Malaca Of late himself became a Tributary to the King of Pegu see Pegu. But he is very absolute over and served with the profoundest Adoration by his own Subjects The English French and Dutch have each their Factories in this Kingdom The Portuguese and Armenians Moors and Chinese settle here in great Numbers being allowed dwellings in the City Siam by a Favour not made common to all Nations Siam the City stands in an Island that is formed by the River Menan surpassing in the richness of its Temples most of the proudest Cities in the Indies and its Palace Royal where the King resides built by the River side is of an extent sufficient to denominate a City of it self In 1634 the Dutch built themselves a House in Siam whichâ—is one of the best belonging to their Company in these Indies Siangyang Siangyanum a City in the Province of Huquam in the Kingdom of China The Capital over six other Cities Siara a small City in Brasil upon the North Sea which is the Capital of a Province has a large safe Haven and a Castle but not very populous Under the Portuguese 〈◊〉 a Kingdom under the Great Mogul in the East-Indies towards the Fountains of Ganges and Mount Caucasus betwixt Naugracut and Pitane Siben Sabiona now a Castle only but formerly a City in the County of Tirol and a Bishop's See It is seated upon the River Eysock ten Miles from Brixia whither the Brishoprick is removed to the South-West Siberia a Province of great extent under the Crown of Muscovy towards the river Obb in the Desart Tartary between the Provinces of Condora Legomoria and Permia Some few years since first discovered all covered with uninhabited Woods Marshes and desolate Countries having only a few Inhabitants which have a particular Language of their own and not the use of Bread The Moscovites have of late built the Cities Tobolsk upon the River Yâ—â—im and Siber on the Obb here and united both in one Archbishoprick At the former the Vice Duke under the Grand Duke of Moscovy resides he commands over both Siberia and Samoyeda They have also set up Churches in divers places for the Moscovian Christians Sicambri a People of the ancient Germany placed by most about the now Province of Guelderland in the Vnited Netherlands betwixt the Maes and the Rhine By others upon the banks of the Mayne Strabo calls them Sugambri Ptolemy Synganbri The Bructeri were a part of their Dependents Sichem an ancient City of the Territory of Samaria in Palestine in the
the West which by the Indians was called Anahuac that is The Land by the Water It extends from fifteen deg of Latitude to twenty six exclusively in breadth six hundred Italian Miles in length twelve hundred The Air is very temperate tho situate wholly in the Torrid Zone by reason of the frequent Showers which fall in June July and August their hottest Months in the year and also by reason of the Sea Breezes It is abundantly inriched with inexhaustible Mines of Gold Silver Brass and Iron has great plenty of Coco-Nuts Cochineel Wheat Barley Oranges Limons Figs Cherries Apples and Pears Cattle and Fowl but it has few Grapes and no Wine Their Seed time is in April or May their Harvest in October in the Low Countries they sow in October and reap in May. This Kingdom had Kings of its own from 1332 to 1520 about two years before which Francis Cortez a Spaniard entered it with eleven Ships and five hundred and fifty Men by help of which he sacked the Town of Pontonchon defeated by his Cannon and Horse forty thousand naked Indians who came to revenge this Injury and in 1531 took the City of Mexico Aug. 13. and put an end to the Indian Empire The Provinces of this vast Kingdom are 1. Panuco 2. Mechuacan 3. Mexicana 4 Tlascala 5. Guaxaca And the 6. Jucatan Governed by a Viceroy under the King of Spain who from this Accession to his European Dominions uses the Royal Stile of Hispaniarum Rex Spalatro Salo Salona nova Spalatum Palatium Dioclesiani a City of Dalmatia called by the Italians Spalato by the Sclavonians Spla It is very strong rich and populous and an Archbishops See seated upon the Adriatick upon which it has a large and safe Haven thirty five Miles from Sebenico Long. 40. 54. Lat. 44. 00. This City grew up out of the Ruins of Salona which stood four Miles more to the North. And in 1420 destroyed an Army of the Turks which was sent against it The Learned Mr. Wheeler in his Travels pag. 15. has given a large account of the Site of this City and a little lower pag. 19. of the City of Salona the Mother of Spalato The Emperour Dioclesian was a Native of Salona who building himself a Palace in this place whence the name Spalatro might be occasioned by an easie corruption the other Salona grew by time neglected It is commanded by a Fortress upon an Hill without the Gate in which the Venetians keep the lesser Garrison because they make sure of the Fortress of Clissa by which the passage lies out of Turky to Spalatro The Walls of Dioclesian's Palace you have yet standing and the little Temple which he built in the middle of it has become the Cathedral Church It is situated in a fruitful Country Spalding a Market Town in the division of Holland in Lincolnshire and the Hundred of Ellow upon the Weland Well built and traded though not far from the Washes Spandow Spandava a City in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh upon the River Havel where it entertains the Sprehe two Miles beneath Berlin to the West and about six from Brandenburgh to the East well fortified yet taken by Gustavus Adolphus in 1631. Sparta See Misitra Spenderobi Spenderobis Spenderovia a City of Servia called by the Turks Semender by the Hungarians Sendrew or Zendrew and Zendrin by the Italians Sandria It is a Bishops See thought to be Ptolemy's Singidunum and stands about six German Miles from Belgrade to the East upon the Danube fourteen from Temesware to the South The Turkish Governour of Servia resides for the most part in this City Taken in this War by the Imperialists amidst their other Conquests in Hungary and retaken by the Turks by storm Sept. 1690. Spilâ—by a Market Town in Lincolnsh in the Hundred of Bulling brook Spinola a Seignory in the Neighbourhood of Montferrat the Milany and the States of Genoua in Italy Honoured with the Title of a Marquisate Spire Spira Nemetes Noviomagus Nemetus a City of Germany called by the Germans Speyr by the French Spire by the Italians Spira It is a Free and Imperial City in the Upper Circle of the Rhine in the Diocese of Spire but not subject to the Bishop This great rich populous City is Free but under the Protection of the Elector Palatine and the Bishop under the Archbishop of Mentz It stands in the middle between Strasburgh to the South and Mentz to the North fifty German Miles from either and fifteen from Heidelberg to the North-West The Imperial Chamber which was first instituted at Franckfort in 1495 by Maximilian I. In 1530 was by Charles V. removed to Spire and has been ever since in this City Of old called Nemetum and in 1082. being so far by its then Bishop enlarged as to inclose the Village of Spire neighbouring upon it took the Name of Spire The Cathedral was built in 1011 by Conrade the Emperour in which are the Tombs of eight of the German Emperours to wit Conrade II. who gave the Town of Brunchsol and all the Territory of Brutingow to this Bishoprick about the year 1030 Henry III. his Son who finished the Cathedral begun by his Father Henry IV. Henry V. Philip Rodolph I. Adolp of Nassaw and Albert I. The Emperours which granted Privileges to this City were Charles IV Rodolphus I. Albert Lewis Wenceslaus Frederick III. and Maximilian II. Near it Philip the Suabian beat Oâ—ho the Saxon in 1202. In a Diet here held in 1526 the Peace of Religion was first established which when it was endeavoured to be Repealed in a second Diet here held in 1529 several of the German Princes Protested against the Repeal and were thence called Protestants Jesses the first Bishop was present in the Council of Cologne in 346. This City was taken by Gustavus Adolphus who demolished all its Out-works because he was not willing to spare so many Men out of his Army as were necessary for a Garrison to it by which the Germans the more easily recovered it in 1635. It received a French Garrison in Sept. 1688 who have demolished it since The Imperial Chamber consists of fifteen Counsellors eight Roman Catholicks and seven Protestants two Presidents a Roman Catholick and a Protestant and the Bishop as the Principal Judge In 1675. the Elector of Treves succeeded to the Bishoprick Spiritu Sancto Spiritus Sanctus a small City which is the Capital of a Prefecture in Brasil under the Portuguese Sixty Spanish Leagues from the River Januario to the North and fifty from Porto Seguro to the South § There is a River in the Kingdom of Monomotapa in Africa which discharges itself into the Aethiopick Ocean at Cabo de S. Nicolo of this name called by the Portuguese Rio de lo Spiritu Santo Spirlinga a small Town in Sicily which was the only place in that Island innocent of that bloody and infamous Conspiracy called the Sicilian Vespers Spirnazza Panyasus a River of Macedonia which falls into the Adriatick Sea
others over which are reckoned in all twenty four Stone-bridges Here is plenty of Lime Marble Timber Stone for building and game with some Alabaster and Salt-springs The Air is good and very healthful cold especially towards the North in which part the Earth also is barren The middle is more level but full of Woods The South is fruitful producing Corn and Grass in abundance Coals and Mines of Iron And so great formerly was the number of Parks and Warrens in this County that most Gentlemens Seats were attended by both This County takes its name from Stafford the principal Town in it anciently called Betheny Built by Edward the Elder Incorporated by King John on the East and South walled Trenched by its own Barons the other two sides being secured by a Lake of Water the River Sowe runs on the East and West of the Town and is covered with a Bridge It hath two Parish Churches a Free-school and many good Buildings Edward VI. confirmed and enlarged their Charter It s Long is 18. 40. Lat. 53. 20. In the year 1357 one Ralph was created the first Earl of Stafford whose Posterity in twelve Descents enjoyed that Honor to the year 1639 when it was finally extinguished in the Person of Henry Stafford In 1640 Charles I. revived this Honour by conferring it upon Sir William Howard Knight of the Bath second Son of Thomas Earl of Arundel and Surrey who was then married to one of the Daughters of the last Earl of Stafford He was Beheaded Dec. 7. 1680. in the Reign of K. Charles II. But the Title revived under K. James II. in Henry his Son the present Earl of Stafford See the Natural History of this County written by Dr. Robert Ploâ—t with the same extraordinary Art and Elaborateness which is peculiar to him Stagira an ancient Town famous for being the Native place of the Philosopher Aristotle thence entituled Stagirita in the Kingdom of Macedonia called afterwards Liba Nova by some and yet said to be extant Stagno Stagnum a small City in Dalmatia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza from which it stands thirty Miles to the North upon the Adriatick which affords it the Convenience of an Harbour This Town belongs to the Republick of Ragusa Stainmore-Hill an exceeding Stony Hill as the Northern use of the word Stain signifies in the County of Westmorland Remarkable for a Stone-Cross said anciently to have been erected for a Boundary betwixt the Kingdoms of England and Scotland upon a Peace concluded betwixt William the Conqueror and Malcholm King of Scotland The Arms of England were displayed upon the South-side of it and those of Scotland on the North. Stalemura Anemurium a City in Cilicia upon the Mediterranean Sea called by others Anemâ—ra a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia between Antioch to the West and Celendris now Palapoly to the East about forty four Miles from Cape Cormachiti in the North of the Isle of Cyprus to the North. Mela placeth it in the Borders of Pamphylia and Cilicia Long. 65. 10. Lat. 36. 50. Stalimene Lemnos a considerable Island in the Archipelago called by the Inhabitants Stilemnos It is one hundred and sixty Miles in compass At first under the Venetians but since conquered by Mahomet II. Fifty Miles from Agionoros or the Coast of Macedonia to the East It hath a considerable City of its own name produces good Wine and is well Cultivated Famous for a Red Earth called from it Terra Lemnia and Sigillata by which the Ottoman Port reaps a considerable revenue Stamboli the Turkish Name of Constantinople Stametz Stametia a small City in Gothland a Province of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal but now become a poor Village Stampalia a considerable Island in the Archipelago towards the Sea of Scarpanto called anciently Astypalaea and placed by Strabo in the number of the Sporades It hath a City of its own name now as before when a Temple of great fame throughout Greece adorned it which was consecrated to the honour of Apollo The principal Church is dedicated to S. George and served with the Greek rites under the spiritual jurisdiction of the Bishop of Siphanto who some part of the year resides at it To the City belongs a Castle for its security planted upon a Mountain upon the Frontispiece of which the Arms of Venice France and Thuscany appear displayed This City is the sole settlement in the Island being tho of a fruitful Soil much in want of fresh Water Stanes a large well inhabited and frequented Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Branghing with a Bridge over a River leading into Surrey Stanford Stamford Durobrivae a Town of Lincolnshire in Kesteven division of good Antiquity upon the River VVelland on the Borders of Northampton and Rutland with a part in each but the chiefest in Lincolnshire which is great and well peopled having about seven Parish Churches and several Bridges over the River being expanded on both its sides The Roman High Dike or Way leadeth to the North from this Town The Houses are built of Free-stone the Streets fair and large and begirt with a Wall It hath the honour to be a Corporation represented in the lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses And in its Neighbourhood stands a stately Seat and Park of the Earl of Exeter called Burleigh House In the Reign of Edward III. part of the Students of Oxford upon a quarrel between the Southern and Northern Men settled for some time in this Town who erected a College here its Ruins are yet remaining and would not return to Oxford till compelled by a Proclamation whence arose that Statute of the University enjoyning every one by Oath at the taking of Batchelors Degree not to profess Philosophy at Stamford In 1628 Henry Lord Grey of Grooby was created Earl of Stamford and succeeded by Thomas his Grandchild in 1673. Stanhope Stainthorp or Staindrop a Market Town in the Bishoprick of Durham in Darlington Wapentake upon a rivulet running into the Tees Market-Stanton a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Gartree Stargard Vrbs Vetus a City of Holstein Long. 33. 10. Lat. 55. 06. Stargart Stargardia a City of Germany in the Further Pomerania the Capital of which it is upon the River Ihna under the Elector of Brandenburgh five German Miles from Stetin to the East It is a Hanse Town but not well peopled Long. 37. 40. Lat. 53. 23. Staten-Eylandt a small Rocky Island discovered by the Dutch in 1594. to the East of Weigat's Streights near that Coast of Moscovy called by them New Holland Not above one League long and two in Circuit Some pieces of fine clear Chrystal were found about the Rocks The Dutch gave it this Name to signifie an Island of their States Stavelo Stable Stabulum a Monastery in the Diocese of Vtrecht between the Archbishoprick of Triers and the Low-Countries three German Miles from Limburgh to the South There belongs to the
Sucheu Sucheum a City of China in the Province of Queycheu Sucheu a City of China in the Province of Nankim Suching a City of China in the Province of Quamsi now under the King of Tunkim Suchuen a large Province in the Kingdom of China lying towards the South-West Borders of that Kingdom upon India and the Kingdom of Thibet Bounded on the North by Xensi on the East by Huquam on the South by Queycheu and on the West by the Further East-Indies the principal City of it is Chingtu It contains eight great Cities one hundred twenty four small Cities and four hundred sixty four thousand one hundred twenty eight Families The River Kiang divides it in two It suffered very much in the last Wars with the Tartars Suchzow Suczova a City of Moldavia or as Baudrand saith in Walachia upon the River Stretch in the Borders of Transylvania fifty Miles from Jassy to the West Always kept by a strong Garrison of the Turks in whose Hands it has been for some Ages Suda Amphimalia a Sea-Port Town at the North End of the Isle of Candy which has a strong Castle and a good Harbor Sudbury Colonia That is The South Town supposed to have had this name in opposition to Norwich or the North Town and to have been in ancient time the Capital or County Town It is feated upon the River Stour in the Borders of Essex in the County of Suffolk with a fair Bridge over the Stour leading into Essex and three Parish Churches A Mayor Town rich and populous by reason of a considerable Clothing Trade here driven especially in Sayes about fifteen Miles from Ipswich to the West and forty from London to the North represented by two Burgesses in Parliament The Honourable Henry Fitz-Roy late Duke of Grafton was Baron of Sudbury Sudermanland Sudermannia a County in the Kingdom of Sweden called by the Natives Sodermanland Bounded on the North by Westmannia and Vpsall on the South by the Baltick Sea It has the Honor to be a Dukedom of great Esteem being born by the Royal Family of that Kingdom The principal Places in it are Nicoping Stregnes and Trosa Suelli Suellis a very small City in the Isle of Sardinia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cagliari from which it stands fifteen Miles reduced almost to a Village Sueonie Suevonia a considerable part of the Kingdom of Sweden between Lapland to the North the Baltick Sea and Bay of Botnen to the East Gothia to the South and Norway to the West It contains ten Counties The Capital of it is the Royal City of Stockholm Sues Suez Arsinoe Cleopatris Posidium is a City or Sea-Port Town of Egypt in the bottom of the Red Sea containing about two hundred Houses and has a pretty Harbour but so shallow that a Ship cannot enter it nor a Galley till half unloaded but the Road is safe It has a Baraque rail'd with Timber Palissadoes thirteen Culverins and as many Cannons for its security It has a Greek Church an old ruin'd Castle and some indifferent Houses When the Ships or Galleys come in it is pretty Populous at other times almost desolate Thevenot Part I. pag. 176. Long. 63. 20. Lat. 29. 10. The Aethiopian Merchants with Spices Pearl Amber Musk precious Stones and other rarities out of India rendesvouz here Whence they transport them upon Camels to Cairo and Alexandria and there sell them to the Venetians and other Christian Merchants The Country environing this City is a sandy Desart which forces the Inhabitants to seek their Provisions elsewhere and their water at two Leagues distance The Isthmus betwixt the Mediterranean and the Red Sea separating Egypt from Arabia receiveth the name of the Isthmus of Suez from this Port. Suevi the ancient Inhabitants of the present Circle of Schwaben in Germany who in conjunction with the Vandals and the Alani about the year 406 entred and pillaged divers Provinces of the Gauls thence in 409 passing into Spain settled into a Kingdom in Galicia and Portugal under Hermericus their first King who died about 440 and was succeeded by eight other Kings till about the year 585. Leuvigildus King of the VVisegoths conquered and united their Estates of the Suevi to his own Suffolk Suffolcia is bounded on the E. by the German Sea on the N. by the Waveney and the little Ouse which rise in the middle of its bounds the first running East and the second West divide it from Norfolk on the West by Cambridgeshire and on the South by Essex severed from it by the Stoure It lies in the form of a Crescent The length from East to West about forty five Miles the breadth thirty the whole circumference of it is about one hundred and forty containing five hundred and seventy five Parishes and thirty Market Towns the Air mild and healthful the Soil rich level and fruitful such as yields abundance of Corn of all sorts Pease Hemp Pasturage and Wood. The more inland part is commonly called High Suffolk or the VVoodlands This County reckons nigh fifty Parks in it The Orwell Ore Blithe Deben and Breton contribute their streams for the watering of it with the three former Rivers its Boundaries The ancient Iceni a British tribe and afterwards the East-Angles possessed it in the several times of the Romans and the Saxon Heptarchy The principal places in it are Ipswich Bury and Sudbury The Marquesses or Earls of this County were Robert de Vfford or Clifford in 1335. VVilliam his Son in 1369. Michael de la Pole Lord Chancellor Created Earl in 1379. VVilliam de la Pole the IV. in this Line was made Duke of Suffolk by Henry VI. Edmond the VIII in this Line was the last of that name Beheaded by Henry VIII about 1510. In 1513 Charles Brandon Viscount Lisle was Created Duke of Suffolk who by Mary second Sister of Henry VIII had Henry Brandon who died a Child In 1551 Henry Grey Marquess of Dorset having married Francis Daughter of Charles Brandon was made Duke of Suffolk he was Beheaded in the Reign of Queen Mary in 1553. This was the last Duke of Suffolk In 1603. King James I. Created Thomas Lord Howard of VValden Earl of Suffolk to whom James Lord Howard the III. of this Line succeeded in 1640. Sugen Sugenum a City formerly part of the Province of Quamsi and belonging to China now under the King of Tunkin who has fortified it very strongly Sulmona or Solmona Sulmo a City of great Antiquity in the Province of Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples upon the River Sangro Sarus Eight Miles from the Borders of Abruzzo to the East almost seventy from Naples to the North and near ninety from Rome to the East It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Theatino and a principality belonging to the House of Borghese The Birth-place of Ovid the Latin Poet who tells us its distance from Rome and praises it for its Streams in Sulmo mihi Patria est gelidis
Vberrimus undis Millia qui novies distat ab Vrbe decem Sultzbach Sultsbachium a small Town in Nortgow in the Vpper Palatinate of the Rhine one Mile distance from Amberg to the South-East which gives the Title of a Prince to some Branches of the Palatine Family Sumatra a vast Island in the East-Indies to the South-West of the Promontory of Malaccia from which it is separated only by a narrow streight as also by another from the Isle of Java to the South It extends from North-West to South-East one hundred and eighty five German Miles or nine hundred and ten English and is two hundred and ten broad in the middle There are several Kingdoms in this Island which ordinarily go to war with one another The principal of which are Achem Camper Jamby Menanchabo Pacem Palimban and Pedir The principal City in the whole Island and Kingdom is Achem towards the North the King whereof possesses one half of the Island The Coast upon the streights of the Sund is under the obedience of the King of Bantam Some parts are covered with Wood and Mountains amongst which latter one in the middle of the Island casts forth flames by intervals It is divided by the Equator into almost two equal parts the Air is very hot and unhealthful the Soil will produce little Grain but Rice and Millet It yieldeth Ginger Pepper Camphir Agarick and Cassia in great abundance Wax and Hony Silks and Cottons rich Mines of Tin Iron and Sulphur and such quantity of Gold that some conceive it to be Solomons Ophir and some the Taprobane of the ancients The Inhabitants are for the most part Pagans except the Sea Coast where Mahometanism has got some footing It has a vast number of Rivers and Marshes which with the Woods do much promote the unwholsomeness of the Air. The Hollanders enjoy four or five Fortresses in it and are become more powerful than some of the Kings The Portuguese traffick to it but it is when the others will permit them for they have no establishments here Sie Sund Sundae Fretum Sundicum fretum a streight between the Baltick Sea and the German Ocean call'd by the Dutch Ore Sunn by the English the Sound It stretcheth fifty Miles from North-West to South-East about fifteen at its greatest breadth but between Elsingburg and Cronenburg not above three over which necessitates all Ships that pass to and fro to pay a Toll to the King of Denmark he being able otherwise by the Cannon of his Castles to shut up the Passage § This name is attributed also to the Streights betwixt the Islands of Java and Sumatra in the East-Indies The Dutch call it Straet Van Sunda and Latin Writers Sundae fretum The Island of the Sund or Souud comprehend in the Portugueses's accounts who gave them this name all those Islands in the Indian Ocean which lye beyond the Promontory of Malaca some near some under the Equinoctial Commonly divided into the Islands of the Sund to the East and to the West Of the former Gilolo Banda Flores Macasar and the Moluccaes are the Principal Of the other Borneo Java and Sumatra Sundenberg or Sunderbourg a Town and Duchy in the Isle of Alsen near Iutland Sunderland Sunderlandia a small Island at the Mouth of the River VVere in the North-East part of the Bishoprick of Durham in Esington Ward once a part of the Continent but rent off by the violence of the Sea from whence it has the name of Sunderland A place of no great note only for its Sea-Coal Trade till it was made the Title of an Earldom by Charles I. who in 1627 Created Emanuel Lord Scrope of Bolton President of the North Earl of Sunderland He dying Childless Henry Lord Spenser of VVormleighton in 1643. was Created Earl of Sunderland and slain the eighth of June the same year in the first Battel of Newbery To whom sucâ—eeded Robert his Son sometime Principal Secretary of State and President of the Council to King James II. Sungkiang a trading and populous City in the Province of Nanking in China The Capital over two others Suntgaw or Sundgow Suntgovia a Province of Germany now under the King of France by the Peace of Munster Bounded on the North by Alsatia on the East by the Rhine and the Canton of Basil which last is sometimes included under this name on the South by the Dominions of the Bishop of Basil and on the West by the Franche Comté The Principal Places in it are Befo rt Mulhausen Ferrete whence it hath the name also of the County of Ferrete and Huningue The last has been lately fortified by the King of France Sura an ancient Episcopal City of Syria near the Euphrates The See is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Hierapolis § Plutarch remembers us of a Town of this name in Lycia in the Lesser Asia famed for Oracles in ancient times delivered there Betwixt Phellus and Strumita Surate Surata a very famous City of the Hither Indies in the Kingdom of Guzarat upon the Bay of Cambaya under the Dominion of the great Mogul which has a convenient Port or Haven much frequented by the European and Armenian Merchants for Diamonds Pearls Ambergrease Musk Civet Spices and Indian Stuffs procured from divers parts and here laid up in Mazagines It lies saith Monsieur Thevenot 21. deg and some minutes from the Line and was then designed to be Fortified with a Brick instead of its ancient Earthen Wall which had not been able to preserve it from the depredations of a Raja In the time of the Monson or Fair kept in the Spring Quarter it is exceeding full of People not meanly furnished at others nor are those Inhabitants less considerable on the account of their Wealth than Number The English and Dutch have their Factories here it is the Staple of the English Trade in the East-Indies It has a Castle at the South end of the Town upon the River which is square flank'd at each corner by a large Tower The Ditches on three sides are filled with Sea Water on the West the River runs and there are many Cannon mounted in it The Governor commands over all the adjacent Provinces and keeps the train and equipage of a Prince For the rest you may consult Thevenot Part III. pag. 15. Surina a Province of South America between the confluence of the River Cayana and that of the Amazons Surrey Suria is separated on the North from Buckingham and Middlesex by the great River Thames on the East it is bounded by Kent on the South by Sussex and Hampshire and on the West by Hampshire and Barkshire In length thirty four Miles in breadth about twenty two in circumference one hundred and twelve including one hundred and forty Parishes with eight Market Towns The Air is sweet and pleasant the Soil especially in the verges of the County fruitful the middle Parts being somewhat hard to cultivate Whence the People are used to say their County is like a
Course piece of Cloth with a fine List Besides the Thames here is the VVay the Mole and the Wandle whose head springs from Croydon all emptying themselves in the Thames It has many Noble and Princely Houses but few Towns or Places of any considerable greatness the Principal Town in it being Kingston upon Thames The Regni an old British Tribe were the first Inhabitants of this County In the times of the Saxon Heptarchy it was a part of the Kingdom of the South Saxons The first Earl of it was VVill. de VVarren Created by VVilliam the Conqueror in 1067. VVilliam the third of this Line succeeded in 1135. who was followed by VVilliam de Blois Son of King Stephen first Husband of Isabel de VVarren in 1148. and by Hameline Plantagenet base Son of George Earl of Anjou half Brother to Edward III. second Husband of the said Isabel in 1163. His Posterity enjoyed it in four descents till 1347 when the Male Line failing Richard Fitz Alan Lord Treasurer was Earl of Surrey In 1398. Thomas Holland was Earl of Kent and Duke of Surrey afterwards Beheaded Thomas Fitz Alan Son of the former Richard died Earl of Surrey in 1414. In 1451 John Lord Mowbray was Created Earl of VVarren and Surrey and after Duke of Norfolk In 1475. Richard a second Son of Edward IV. was the thirteenth Earl of Surrey In 1483. Thomas L. Howard L. Treasurer after Duke of Norfolk was Created Earl of Surrey in which Family it is at this day Surunga a City and Kingdom in Japan in the Island of Niphon Sus Susa or Susum a Kingdom in Biledulgerida in Africa so called from a River of the same Name It is bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Morocco on the East by Darha on the South by Tesseta and on the West by the Atlantick Ocean Divided into seven Provinces the principal Cities in it are Tarudant the Regal City Teseut and Sancta Cruz. This is a pleasant rich fruitful Kingdom yields Wine Grain Fruits Pasturage Indico Alum c. has a great Quantity of Gold which is a perpetual cause of War amongst them and many Castles and Villages well fortified by the Natives since the Portuguese abandoned this Country in the last Century Now subject to the Kingdom of Fez tho it has been a distinct Kingdom and the Inhabitants are for the most part Mahometans and some of the best Soldiers in Africa Susa one of the principal Cities in the Principality of Piedmont upon the Doria at the foot of the Cottian Alps which separate Piedmons from Dauphine and the Capital of a Marquisaâ—e of its own Name belonging to the Duke of Savoy but taken by the French Forces under Monsieur Cattinat November 1690. Nineteen Miles from Pignerol The French call it Suse This City shews an Inscription upon a Triumphal Arch from which Learned Men conclude that the Emperor Augustus erected his Trophy hereabouts for the Conquest of the Alpine Nations in the year of Rome 740 fourteen Years before our Saviour For tho others place that Trophy about the Foot of le Col de Tende or the Maritime Alpes near Nice and Monaco from a part of the words Gentes Alpinae Devictae seen there upon a Fragment of a stone yet these two Opinions are reconcilable by supposing that Augustus set up this Trophy at the foot of both the Maritime and Cottian Alpes for the greater glory § Susa was also the Capital of the ancient Country Susiana in Asia at the entrance of a spacious Plain which the River Choaspes watered The Kings of Persia used to pass the Spring at it Darius repaired it says Pliny Alexander the Great took it It is now in a flourishing state if the same Souster See Souster Susdal Susdalia a City of Muscovy the Capital of a Province of the same Name and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rostow It stands eighty Miles from Moscow to the South-East and one hundred and thirty from Novogorod Nisi to the North-West Susiana an ancient Country of Asia betwixt Syria Persia and Chaldaea whereof Susa was the Capital City and Melitene one considerable Province It had the honour to be a Kingdom which after the death of Abradatus King of Susiana submitted to the power of Cyrus Sussex Sussexia one of the Southern Counties of England Bounded on the North by Surrey and Kent on the East by Kent on the South by the British Sea and on the West by Hampshire It s Length from East to West is sixty Miles the broadest part from North to South not above twenty and its Circumference about one hundred and fifty wherein are contained one hundred and twelve Parishes with eighteen Market Towns The Air is good but subject to great Fogs and Mists out of the neighbour Sea which recompenceth this Inconvenience with plenty of Fish and Fowl There are few Harbors upon this Coast the Soil is rich and fruitful but the Roads miry and unpleasant the Middle of the Country has excellent Meadows the Sea-coasts are Hilly but afford plenty of Corn and Grass the North-side full of Woods and Groves The principal River is Arun. The chief City in it is Chichester which is a Bishop's See the next to it Lewes The Regni were the ancient Inhabitants of this County who were subdued by Aulus Plautius in the reign of Claudius the Roman Emperor In 478 Ella erected here the Kingdom of the South-Saxons from whence this County has its Name The first Earl of it was William de Albeney Earl of Arundel who married Adelizia the Relict of Henry I in 1178. He was succeeded by VVilliam his Son it continued in this Family for five Descents In 1243 John Plantagenet Earl of Surrey succeeded In 1305 John a Son of the former followed In 1529 Robert Ratcliffe was Created by Henry VIII Earl of Sussex whose Posterity enjoyed this Honor six Descents In 1644 Thomas Lord Savil was Created the fourteenth Earl of Sussex whose Son succeeded and in him that Family ended This Honor in 1674 was conferred upon Thomas Leonard Lord Dacres who married Anne Fitz-Roy eldest Daughter to the Duchess of Cleavland by Charles II. Sutherland Sutherlandia a County in the North of Scotland Bounded on the North by Caithness and Strathnavern on the West by Assint on the South by Rosâ— and on the East by the German Ocean The principal Town in it is Dornock Sutri Sutrium Colonia Julia Sutrina a City in the States of the Church in S. Peters Patrimony upon the River Pozzolo which is a Bishops See but for ever united to the See of Nepi from whence it stands four Miles to the West and twenty four from Rome to the South-West It is little and incompassed with Rocks on all sides Livy says of it that Camillus when it had revolted against the Romans went with an Army to reduce it In the year of Christ 1046. the Emperor Henry III. assembled a Council here which deposed Pope Gregory VI. who had intruded into the Roman
See in 1044. and elected Constantine II. in his stead In 1059. another Council confirm'd Pope Nicholas II. his Election to the See and deposed the Antipope to him Benedict before Bishop of Veletri Sutton-Cofield a Market Town in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Hemlingford Suvas Sebastopolis a City of Cappadocia in Asia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sebastia now a very considerable Place and the Seat of a Turkish Governor about fifty Miles from Amasia to the North-East Long. 67. 30. Lat. 42. 30. Swafham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of S. Greneho Swansey a Market Town in Glamorganshire in Wales the Capital of its Hundred Swarteness Iccium a Cape in Picardy so called by the Dutch four Leagues from Calais to the West and six from the Coast of Kent The English call it Blackness Swarte Sluys a small City in Over-Yssel one of the United Provinces of the Low-Countries Sweden Suecia one of the Northern Kingdoms of Europe called by the Inhabitants Swerie Swedenrick and Sweriesryke by the Germans Schweden by the French Suede by the Poles Szwecya and Szwedzka Ziemia by the Italians La Suetia by the Spaniards La Suecia It is a great and populous Kingdom contains the greatest part of that which was of old called Scandinavia for some time united to the Crown of Denmark and has been a separate and distinct Kingdom only since 1525. Bounded on the North by Lapland Norway and the Frozen Ocean on the East by Muscovy or great Russia on the South by the Baltick Sea and on the West by Denmark and Norway The principal Parts of it are first Gothia second Sweden properly so called third Norland fourth Finland fifth Ingria sixth Livonia all which are subdivided into thirty four Counties They are again subdivided into Haeradlis like our Hundreds It has seventeen Cities the Capital of all Stockholm The Air of this whole Kingdom is very cold clear or foggy as it lies nearer or remoter from the Seas Lakes and Marshes and for the most part more temperate and pure than that of Norway In length from Stockholm to the Borders of Lapland one thousand Italian Miles in breadth twenty days Journey on Horseback so that with all its Appendages it is thought nine hundred Miles greater than France and Italy put together It hath one Forest betwixt Jenkoping and Elsimbourg thirty Leagues long with plenty of Rivers Lakes Marshes Rocks and Mountains so that the soil is more fertile than that of any other of the Northern Kingdoms which enables them to transport great quantities of Malt and Barley Brass Lead Steel Copper Iron Hides of Goats Bucks Oxen rich Furrs Deals and Oaks for Buildings They have some Silver in their Mines in the Woods Tar and Honey and vast quantities of Sea and Fresh-water Fish The People are strong and healthful hospitable and civil live sometimes to a hundred and forty years of Age. So industrious that a Beggar is not to be seen amongst them Of latter times they have shewn the World they are good Soldiers and capable of Learning too This was the Country of the Goths who in the fourth Century pulled up the Roman Empire in the West and let in the other Barbarous Nations who still possess it This People were never subject to the Romans but have been under Kingly Government from the first Peopling of the Country We have a pretty certain Catalogue of these Kings from the times of Charles the Great to Magnus IV. King of Norway and Sweden amongst these Olaus II. first took the name of King of Sweden his Predecessors were called Kings of Vpsal after their capital City who in 1363. was succeeded by Albert Duke of Mecklenburg in prejudice of Haquin King of Denmark and Norway after whom succeeded Margaret the Semiramis of the North Queen of Denmark Sweden and Norway in 1387. She united all these Kingdoms into one by an Act of State In 1411. Erick IV. Duke of Pomeren succeeded as her Adopted Son in all these Kingdoms After this the Kingdom became Elective and Unsteady till in 1523. or 25 Gustavus Ericus was chosen King who expelled the Danes and put an end to that Union He died in 1560. In 1611. Gustavus Adolphus the Great attained the Succession in this Line who was killed in the Battel at Lutzen in Misnia in Germany in 1632. To him succeeded his Daughter the most famous and admired Christina who of her own voluntary motion and pleasure by declaration in form of Law with the consent of the States i. e. truly Abdicated the Crown to her Counsin Charles Gustavus in 1654. and lately died at Rome Charles the present King of Sweden is the ninth in this Line and succeeded Charles II. his Father in 1660. This People was converted to the Christian Faith by Ansgarus Bishop of Bremen about 816. Lotharius the Emperor procured the settlement of Bishops in these Northern Countries in 1133. They received the Reformation under Gustavus I. in 1525 and have ever since stuck to the Augustane Confession which they preserved in Germany too when it was about 1630. in great danger to have been over-powered by the Prosperity of the House of Austria They have also planted a New Sweden in New America not far from Virginia Swerin Suerinum a City of Germany which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Breme in the Lower Saxony Heretofore subject to its own Bishop and the Duke of Mecklenburgh but now intirely under that Duke by the Treaty of Munster It stands upon a Lake of the same name seven German Miles from Gustrow to the West and three from Wismar to the South This City received with its Bishop the Augustane Confession in 1530. In 1631. taken by Gustavus Adolphus and was under the Swedes till the Peace of Munster The Bishoprick was Founded by Frederick I. Emperor of Germany Swernicke a considerable City and Pass upon the River Trina near the Confines of Bosnia Taken by the Imperialists October 15. 1688. Swilly a Lake in the County of Derry in Ireland Swindon a Market Town in Wiltshire in the Hundred of Kinwarston Swine a River or Bay in Pomerania the same with the Oder the Germans write Schwine Switzerland Helvetia is a large Country in Europe which of ancient Times was esteemed a part of France or Gallia in the middle times of Germany and for three of the last Centuries has been a Free and Independent Country governed by its own Magistrates It is called by the Germans Schwitzerland by theÌ„ French Suisse by some of the Natives Eyatgnosts-Schafft that is the United Lands by the Italians l' Elvetia by the Spaniards Helveciae by the Poles Szwayâ—zarska On the North it is bounded by the Rhine which separates it from Germany on the East by the Lake di Idro or Brescia and the same River which divides it from Germany and the Grisons on the South by the Lake Lemane Walisserland and the Dukedom of Milan on the West by the Frenche
men The Buildings are ancient the Inhabitants grave It stands in a Marsh which makes it less healthful though it affords the City a great plenty of all things The Cathedral Church of S. Luke that is there now was heretofore the Temple of Diana Long. 39. 24. Lat. 36. 24. Syria a vast Country in the Greater Asia called by the Jews Aram or Charam When it is largely taken it contains Phoenicia Palestine or the Holy Land and Syria properly so called In the latter Acceptation it is bounded to the North by Cilicia and the lesser Armenia on the East by Mesopotamia divided from it by the Euphrates and Arabia Deserta on the South it has Palestine and Phoenicia and on the West the Mediterranean Sea Now called by the Inhabitants Souristan by the French Sourie by the Italians Soria It s length from North to South four hundred from East to West it is in breadth two hundred Italian Miles In very ancient Times Damascus was the capital City in the middle times Antioch now Aleppo This Country is by Nature extremely Fruitful and once as Populous but now almost desolate As to the Story of it N. Damascenus mentions one Adadus slain by David King of Israel after whom there followed a Succession of Kings thirteen in number the last of which Rezin was conquered by Tiglath Phileser King of Assyria and beheaded in Damascus about the year of the World 3213. After this they were subject to the Kings of Assyria Media and Persia till after the Death of Alexander the Great Seleucus Nicanor began another Kingdom here about the year of the World 3644 whose Posterity and Successors to the number of twenty one or twenty five of which Antiochus XII was the last Reigned till Pompey the Great made a perfect Conquest of all Syrià for the Romans in the year of the World 4650 sixty two years before the Birth of our Saviour It continued under the Romans till the year of Christ 636. or as others 34. when it was conquered by Haumer the third Calyph of the Saracens About the year of Christ 1075. Melech and Ducat began a Turkish Kingdom which in the year 1262 after a Descent of nine Kings was destroyed by Haalon the Tartar Next it fell into the Hands of the Mamalucks of Egypt under whom it continued till the year 1515 and then was conquered by Selim Emperor of the Turks under whom it is at this day most wretchedly harassed and desolated Syrtes two dangerous sandy Gulphs in the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of Barbary in Africa called antiently Syrtes magna parva now the Gulph de Sidra and de Capes In one name the Shoals of Barbary The first lies betwixt the Kingdoms of Tripoli and Barca the other betwixt Tripoli and Tunis TA. TA a River on the South of China in the Provinces of Quansey and Quantam Tabago the Tobacco Island in the West-Indies in the North Sea Possessed by the Dutch commonly also called Niew Walcheren It lies eight Miles from la Trinidad to the North-East and ninety South of Barbadoes having eighteen small Rivers and many sase Harbours about nine Dutch Miles long and three broad very fruitful and full of all Necessaries About forty years since the Dutch began to plant it In 1673. the English under Sir Tobias Bridges took and plundered it carried away four hundred Prisoners and as many Negroes In 1677. the French being desirous to drive the Dutch out of it sent the Comte d' Estrée with ten Ships which entered Klips Bay and for several days ingaged a Fleet of eight Dutch Ships there lying under the Command of James Binckes a Dutchman who so well defended the Island that though the French pretended they destroyed the Fort the Dutch had built yet they were forced to draw off and leave the Dutch Masters of the Place Long. 316. Lat. 10. 30. The whole Plantation of this Island is Tobacco after its name Tabarestan Tabarestania a Province of Persia toward the Caspian Sea containing a great part of the ancient Hyrcania The Caspian Sea is sometimes from this Province called the Sea of Tabarestan Asterabath its Capital City Tabarque Tabraca an ancient City in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa upon the Mediterranean Sea betwixt Hippo and Vtica It hath had the honour in the times of Christianity there to be a Bishops See but now only considerable for its Port. Pliny Claudian and Stephanus mention it Tabasco Tabasca a Town and Province in New Spain in North America The Province lies between the Bay of Mexico to the North and the Province of Chiapa to the South extended from East to West forty six Spanish Leagues The principal City in it was by the Indians called Tabasco but the Spaniards call it Nuestra Sennora de la Viâ—toria our Lady of Victory because Cortez the Spanish General gave the Mexicans an irrecoverable Defeat near this Place Tabenna an Island of the Thebais in the Kingdom of Egypt near the City Syene Inhabited formerly by the Monks entituled Tabenniosiâ—ae from it in whose times Tabennis was a small Town standing here Tabor Taborium a Town in Bohemia upon the River Lauznicz twenty Miles from Budwess and forty five from Prague The Hussites made this Place the Seat of their War and fortified it and from thence for twenty years ruined the Imperial and Hereditary Countries called thereupon Taborites Tacara a small Kingdom on the Coast of Guinea in Africa Tacaze Tacasus Astaboras a vast River in the Higher Aethiopia which ariseth in the Kingdom of Angote chiefly from three Fountains and runs West sometime between Dagana and Hoga Then bending North through the Kingdom of Tigre it watereth the Desart of Oldeba and joyns the River Mareb or Marebo Being much improved it passeth through the Kingdom of Dengin and at Jalack falls into the Nile in the Kingdom of Nubia from the East Tachiali Antiochia Maeandri a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus from which it stands seventy Miles to the East upon the Meander and thirty seven from Bursia to the South Latitus Bishop of this See subscribed to the Council of Chalcedon Long. 58.00 Lat. 39. 30. Tadcaster a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire which hath a large Stone Bridge over the River Warfe and Lime-Stone digged up in its Neighbourhood in Plenty Tadouslack Tadussacum a Town in New France upon the Bay of S. Laurence where it receives the River Saguen a hundred Miles from Quebec to the South-East Taenarus See Matapan Taff Rhatostathybius a small River in Glamorganshire in Wales which watering and giving name to Landaff falls into the Irish Sea near the Borders of Monmouthshire Taflete Tafleta a Kingdom in Biledulgerida in Africa between Segellomessa to the East and Darba to the West bounded with the Kingdom of Morocco to the North. The Capital City is of the same name A populous and plentiful City fortified with a Castle of great Trade for Indico
of Gibraltar towards the Atlantick Ocean and was anciently an Archbishops See and an University The Goths possessed it after the Romans and annexed it to the Government of Ceuta In 1471. Alphonsus King of Portugal made himself Master of it From which time it continued in the possession of that Crown till in 1662. it was put by the Portuguese into the hands of the English Charles II. having bestowed immense charges upon the Haven and Out-Works of it after it had prosperously repelled several Attacks of the Moors in 1663 1664. and in 1682 in 1683. by the Lord Dartmouâ—h that Prince ordered all the Forts and Works to be blown up the Mole to be slighted and withdrew the Garrison into England finding the benefit not equal to the charge of keeping it Long. 6. 30. Lat. 35. 56. Tangermund Tangermunda a Town in the Old Marquisate of Brandenburg upon the Elbe where it takes in the River Tanger seven German Miles from Magdeburgh to the North toward Havelburgh Heretofore a very strong and considerable place The Emperour Charles IV. kept his Court there but in the Swedish War it was often taken and suffered so very much that it is become very inconsiderable now Tangu Tangum a Kingdom in the Further East-Indies by the River Menan which has a City of the same name and was formerly subject to the King of Pegu. Tangut Tangutum a Kingdom in the Asian Tartary towards China and the East-Indies The Capital City of it is Tangu Tanjaor a City and Kingdom in Coromandel in the East-Indies formerly subject to the King of Bisnagar but has now a Prince of its own who is a Tributary to the former It lies sixty Miles from the Coast of Coromandel to the West Tanor a small Kingdom in the Hither East-Indies in the Promontory of Malabar which hath a City of the same name five Leagues from Calecut to the South The King resides at a Palace one League from the City and preservs a strict Alliance with the Portuguese Taormina a City of Sicily Tapaysa or Tapy a great River of South America which riseth in the Borders of Brasil and after having given name to a Province falls into the River of Amasons in Guiana Tapiaw a Town in the Ducal Prussia in the Kingdom of Poland Taprobane See Zeilan Tapsus an ancient City in the Province of Byzacena now in the Kingdom of Tunis in Barbary Caesar besieged it to oblige Scipio to a Battel and after his Defeat of Scipio it surrendred to the Conquerour Tapua guazu a Province of South America in Paragua near the Lake of Xaray in the Borders of Brasil Tapuâ—es a people of Brasil in the Prefecture of Santo Spirito Tara Taras a small River in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples which arising from the Apennine near Massafra falls into the Gulph of Taranto by the City of Taranto which has its name from this River Taragale a City in the Region of Darha in Biledulgerid in Africa near the City of Darha fortified with a Castle and a considerable Garrison for the security of the Mint which the Emperour of Marocco keeps here The Jews have about four hundred Families in it The Country adjacent affords plenty of Corn Pasturage and Dates Taranto Tarentum Vrbs Salentinorum a City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples called at this day Tarente by the French Built by a Band of Lacedemonian Bastards and made the Capital of the ancient Magna Graecia who having no Inheritance at home were sent hither to seek their fortunes in the year of the World 3242. forty five years after the building of Rome It became a famous Common-Wealth It s ancient Inhabitants the Tarentini solicited Pyrrhus's Descent into Italy to make War with the Romans In the year of Rome 481. Milo a Citizen of it betrayed it to the Romans In the second Punick War it received Hannibal And in the year of Rome 545. was recovered out of his hands again by Quintus Fabius Maximus In 631. it was made a Roman Colony In 1194. Henry IV. gave it to VVilliam the Son of Tancred Prince of Taranto when he had caused him to be castrated to prevent any Posterity It is now an Archbishops See small but strong and well peopled has a Castle garrisoned with Spaniards The Haven was once very good but spoiled by great Stones sunk in the Mouth of it so that none but small Ships can enter it This City has also still the Honour of the Title of a Principality It stands upon a Peninsula on a Bay of its own Name at the Mouth of the River Tara Some derive the Name of the Tarantulae whose Venom is cured only by violent dancing from it In 1614. a Synod was held here by its Archbishop Long. 41. 30. Lat. 39. 58. Tarara Cemmenus a Mountain near Lyons in France more commonly called les Sevennes Tarascon Tarasco an ancient Roman Town in Provence in France upon the Rhosne four Leagues beneath Avignon to the South and three from Arles It is great and populous and has two strong Castles a Collegiate Church with divers Ecclesiastical and Religious Houses The Reliques of S. Martha are said to be preserved here Tarazona Turiaso an ancient Roman City in the Kingdom of Arragon in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sarragosa upon the River Queois four Leagues from Tudela to the North-West and ten from Bilbao to the North. This City was recovered from the Moors by Alphonsus VIII in 1010. And is chiefly commended for the rare temper of its Steel Long. 19. 02. Lat. 42. 50. Tarbes Tarba Turba Castrum Bigorrae a City of Aquitam in the County of Bigorre whereof it is the Capital seated in a pleasant Plain upon the River Adour well peopled and has a Castle called Bigorre which gave name to this County It is also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux from which this City stands nine Miles to the North-West and six from Pau to the East Tarczal Carpates the Carpathian Hills which divide Hungary and Transylvania from Poland Tardenois Tardanensis Comitatus a County in the Isle of France between the Marne to the South and the Vesle to the North its true Bounds are now lost Tardera Alba Tholobi a River in Catalonia which falls into the Mediterranean Sea at Blanes nine Miles from Barcinone to the North. Tarentaise Tarentesia a Tract or Valley in the Dukedom of Savoy between the Alpes and the Dukedom of Aouste to the East Hossano to the North Savoy properly so called to the West and the Valley di Moriana to the South This was the Seat of the ancient Centrones The principal place in it Montiers It is one of the three principal Provinces of the Dukedom of Savoy but very Mountainous and Barren Targa a Kingdom Desart City and Lake in Africa in Zaara between the Desart of Lempta to the East Zuenziga to the West Biledulgerida to the Noâ—â—h and Nigritia to the South
years last past Conquered the Kingdom of China and is one of the greatest Princes in the World His Dominions extending from Cochin China to the River Obb North-West and South-East There is lately published a short Account of these Tartars in two Letters written by a Chinian Jesuit who travelled with this King into Tartary Tenedos a small Island of sixteen Miles in Compass five from the Shores of Asia twenty five from the Island Metelino to the North in the Archipelago and eighteen from the Dardanels to the South called by the Turks Bosh Adasi the Barren Island yet it affords excellent Muscadine Wine Plenty of Game and is well situated to bridle the Streights of Gallipoli It has a City two Castles and an Harbor for small Vessels and being taken by the Venetians with whom the Genouese disputed the possession of it a long time was betrayed to the Turks by their Governor In the time of Troy which stood within two Leagues of it this Island was consecrated to Apollo and the Graecian Navy seigning a Despair to take that City retired hither to disguise their design It became since Christianity a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mitelene The Promontorium Sigaeum or Cape Janizzari lies near it Teneriffa one of the Canary or Azores Islands in the Atlantick Ocean over against Mauritania in Barbary called by the Natives Theneriffe It is about forty eight Spanish Leagues in Circumference Fruitful populous rich and has been subject to the Spaniards ever since 1496. The Ancients called this Nivaria as is supposed because the top of its Point or Peak which is thought the highest in the World and very sharp is rarely without Snow This Peak is said to be fifteen Miles high and may be seen one hundred and twenty English Miles at Sea The principal Towns in it are Laguna and S. Croce To which belongs an excellent Haven Blake and English Admiral April 20 in 1657 notwithstanding a Castle seven Forts sixteen great Galeons all well man'd and provided with Cannon and Ammunition which threatned his inevitable Ruine entred this Harbor and in six hours time beat the Spaniards out of their Ships and Forts too He put the English in possession of the vast Treasure of a West India Fleet which they plundered and burnt all those Spanish Ships they found This Island is no less remarkable for having been made the first Meridian by many of the latter Geographers § The Spaniards have given the same Name to a Town in the Province called Terra firma in South America standing near the Confluence of the Rivers S. Magdalena and S. Martha Tenez a City and Kingdom towards the Coasts of the Mediterranean and West of the Kingdom of Algiers in Barbary Tengchieu a City in the Province of Xantum in China which stands upon the Chiman Ocean on the Bay of Nanquin and is very strongly fortified Long. 149. 00. Lat. 37. 00. Teno Tenos Tine an Island in the Archipelago under the Venetians who have been Masters of it above these three hundred years It is a Latin Bishops See and but few Greeks live here In Pagan times it was famous for a Temple consecrated to Neptune It produceth Wine Figs and Silk Hath a Fortress and a City of its own Name Teno but Hydrusia and Ophiusa were the first and ancientest Names of this Island Tenterden a Market Town in the County of Kent in Scray Lath. Tentyra an Island and City in the Nile in the Kingdom of Egypt mentioned by Juvenal Teos an Ancient City of Ionia in the Lesser Asia which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus Ter. See Tech. Teramo Aprutium a City of the Further Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See Terassa the same with Tarsus Terbestan the Caspian See Tercera Tertiaria or Tertia the principal of the Azores Islands twenty five Miles from East to West but not of equal breadth about sixteen Leagues in circuit surrounded with Rocks which render it difficult of Access It lies forty Leagues from Teneriffe to the East The chief City of this and all the Azores is Angara which is a Bishops See and with Fort San Felippe under the Portuguese From this Island the Azores are sometimes called the Tercera Isles It is much subject to Farthquakes and has a Fountain particularly remarkable for a virtue to petrifie Wood. Tergowisch See Targovisto Terki Terchium the principal City of Circassia in Asia in a well watered Plain about one German Mile from the Caspian Sea to the West sixty from Astracan to the South and thirty six from Derbent to the North-West Long. 76. 30. Lat. 45. 05. This City being some years since put into the hands of the Duke of Moscovy has of late been carefully fortified as a Frontier against the Persians on that side Olearius assures us it stands in Lat. 43. 23 in a Plain which bounds the sight upon the River Temenski which issueth out of the Lake of Bustro and facilitates the Correspondence between the Town and the Caspian Sea The Town is fortified with Rampiers and Bastions of Earth and has a Garrison of two thousand Russ paid by the Great Duke Terlee a famous Abbey for Women of the Order of S. Bernard in the State of Holland founded by the ancient Earls of Holland a League and a half off Leyden but broken and ruined since the Reformation there Termini or Termuli Termulae Buca a City in the Capitanata in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento and stands upon the Adriatick Sea at the Mouth of the River Tiferno in the Borders of the Hither Abruzzo thirty Miles from Lanciano to the East § Also a Town in the Island of Sicily upon a River of its own Name risen out of the Ruines of the ancient City Himera and called in Latin Writers Terminus Himeriorum The River Termine bad the same ancient Name with the City Terna Torna a River which runs through Artois and falls into the Canche at Hesdin Ternate Ternata the chief of the sive Molucco Islands Now in the Hands of the Hollanders tho it has a King of its own who resides in the Town of Malay the Dutch have some Ports in this Island to secure its Possession There are two ports belonging to it The Island Tider lies within one League of it Terni Interamna an ancient Latin Colony and a City of Ombra in the States of the Church in Italy which is a Bishops See immediately under the Pope It stands in a Plain upon the River Nare twelve Miles from Spoleto to the South in the Road to Ancona and has many rare Antiquities to shew Ternois Ternensis Pagus a small Tract in Artois in the County of S. Paul which takes its Name from Terna Ternova Ternobum a City of Bulgaria mentioned by Gregoras and Calchondylas now the Residence of the Turkish Sangiack and anciently the Seat of the Despote It stands upon the River Jantra or Ischar near Mount
in the Province of Auvergne in France Tirol Tirolis Teriolium is the most Southern Province of Germany called by the Natives Tyrol Bounded on the North by the Dukedom of Bavaria on the East by the Bishoprick of Saltzburg on the South by the States of Venice and on the West by the Grisons and Swiss It took this name from an ancient but ruined City upon the River Adige or Etsch which with the Inne water this County and from this last it is sometimes called Etschelandt The Tridentine Alpes divide it also into almost equal parts The chief Places in it are Inspruck and Inthal This County fell to Albert and Leopold Dukes of Austria by Inheritance in 1366 and is still in that Family It is accounted the greatest County in Europe though Mountainous yet it abounds in Mines and Game There is also in it Trent famous for the late Council Bixen and a Place of great Trade called Bolzan Tisindon Andanius Bagrada a River in Persia which falls into the Persian Gulph over against the Isle of Ormus The latter Maps place it more to the South than Ormus Tivedale Teviotia a County in the South of Scotland in the Borders of England between Twedal and Marche to the North Northumberland to the South and Annandale to the West The principal Places in it are Jedburgh and Roxburgh Tiverton a Market Town and Borough represented in Parliament by two Burgesses at the fall of the River Leman into the Ex. The Capital of its Hundred in Devonshire Tivoli Tibur an ancient City in the States of the Church in Campagna di Roma upon the River Teverone eighteen Miles from Rome to the East It is a Bishops See under the Pope Honoured with a noble Palace and Gardens belonging to the Cardinal de Este A Synod was held at it in 1636. The Sibylla called Tiburtina from this City is supposed to have possessed a Vault amongst the neighbouring Rocks in the Teverone which discover some remains of a small Oratory Tivy Tuerobius a River of Wales which at Cardigan falls into the Irish Sea between the Counties of Cardigan and Pembroke Tlafcala a City and Province in New Spain in America Called likewise los Angeles Tmolus See Tomalitze Toam Tuam Tuama a City of the County of Clare in Conaught in Ireland call'd also Towmond which in ancient times was the Capital of that Province but now reduced to a mere Village It is an Archbishops See still and gives the Title of an Earl Twenty two Miles from Gallway to the South Tobolsk Tobolium the Capital City of Siberia a Province of Russia Built of late by the Moscovites upon a River of its own Name and the Yrtim which latter falls with a rapid Stream into the Obb. Tocat Tochata the Capital City of Cappadocia an Archbishops See and the Residence of the Turkish Governour called of old Neocaesarea It is great strong and populous upon the River Casal forty five German Miles from Trebisonde to the South-West Long. 63. 28. Lat. 43. 58. The Province is now called by this Name Todi Tuder Tudertum a City of Ombria in the Dutchy of Spoleto upon the Tiber twenty Miles from Perugia to the North and the same distance from Narnia to the South a Bishops See and a City of great Antiquity Pope Martin I. was its Native Tokay Tokaeum a City of the Vpper Hungary at the Confluence of the Bodroch and the Tibiscus in an Island and thereupon subject to be overflow'd It is withal a strong Place has a very strong Castle and in a fruitful Country which produceth an excellent sort of Wine Thirty Miles from Cassovia to the South and as many from Agria to the East Being taken by the Turks it was recovered by the Imperialists in 1564. In 1682. it submitted to Tekely In 1685. it was retaken by the Imperial Forces This City was granted to Bethlehem Gabor Prince of Transylvania by Ferdinand II in 1620. Toledo Toletum Toletum in Carpetanis a City of Castile in Spain which was the Capital of Hispania Tarraconensis and the Seat of the Gothick Kings In 705. taken by the Moors and one of their Royal Cities till retaken by Alphonsus VI. King of Castile in 1085 After which it became the Capital of New Castile the Seat of the Courts of Law had the Archbishops See and Primacy of Spain restored to it This Archbishop has nineteen Suffragan Bishops esteemed one of the greatest and richest Prelates in Christendom It stands on a Rock in a pleasant Valley in the middle of Spain upon the Tajo Tagus with a Castle and is one of the strongest noblest and most pleasant Cities in Spain but in a declining condition and not inhabited by above eight thousand Souls It has twenty seven Parishes thirty eight Monasteries and a noble Water-work made by the Order of Philip II. in 1565. Charles V. built a Palace in this City Twelve Miles from Madrid to the South Long. 16. 40. Lat. 40. 02. Many of the Kings of Spain have been born in this City twenty four Councils and Synods are reckoned to have been Celebrated at it The first and one of the most remarkable in 400. or 447 by the order of P. Leo proceeded against the Doctrins of the Priscillianists Tolen a Town in Zeeland in the Vnited Netherlands Tolentino Tolentinum a City in the Marcia Anconitana in the States of the Church which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Fermo by the Institution of Pope Sixtus V. in 1586. Since which it hath been united with the See of Macerata in the same Province It is little but indifferently populous upon the River Chienti Ten Miles from Macerata to the North-West towards Camerino fifteen Tolne Tolna a City in the Lower Hungary a little beneath Colocza upon the Danube six Hungarian Miles from Simathorne to the East and the same distance from Esseck to the North. In the Emperours Hands Tolosa Tolosetta Tolosa a Town in Spain in the Province of Guipuscoa at the foot of the Pyrenean Hills upon the River Orio four Leagues from S. Sebastian to the East A Place of good Consideration Tolose Tholouse Tolosa Tolosatium Tolosa Tectosagum a City of Aquitain of great Antiquity the Capital of the Province of Languedoc in France the Seat of the Parliament an Archbishops See and an University It stands upon the Garonne over which it has a beautiful Stone-bridge eight Leagues from Montauban to the South eleven from Aux to the East and twenty two from Narbonne to the West This Archbishoprick was taken out of that of Narbonne by Pope John XXII in 1317. The University Founded in 809. The second of note in that Kingdom The Parliament was opened here in 1302. in the time of Philip le bel and re-established by Cha. VII King of France Near this City it is supposed the dreadful Battel was fought between Attila King of the Huns and Aetius the Roman Lieutenant in the Year of Christ 451 in which there perished five hundred thousand
the Cape di Coco or the most Western Point to the North-East and fifty five from Palermo to the South-West The Rock or petty Island of Colombara stands very near it to the South fortified with a strong Cittadel This City is built at the foot of the Mountain Eryx now Trapano near the Ruines of the antient City Eryx which yet appear and are called Trapano Vecchio the old Trapano in the figure of a Sickle according to the signification of its name in Greek and that of Ovid Quique locus curvae nomina falcis habet The Coral fished up here is good Trau Tragurium a small City and Port in Dalmatia called by the Sclaves Troghir Strong and well peopled and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Spalato It stands in a small Island of the same Name but joined to the Continent by a Bridge seventy Miles from Zara and twelve from Salona Subject to the Venetians ever since 1420. Travanor Travancorum a City and Kingdom in the Province of Mallabar in the East-Indies sixty Miles from Comorin to the North and fifty from Coulan to the South subject to the King of Coulan Travaux Sinus Laborum a Bay upon the Coast of America Magellanica near Porto Desire the Spaniards call it Boia de los Marabaios others the White Bay and S. George's Bay Trave Treva a River of Holstein in the Province of Wagaren which watereth Ploen Segeberg Oldesloh Reinfelde Lubeck and Travemond and separating Holstein from Mecklenburg falls into the Baltick Sea between Tavemond and Dassow Trebia a River of Lombardy which ariseth in the States of Genoua fifteen Miles from that City and watering Bobio a City in the Dukedom of Milan a little above Piacenza falls into the Po. The Romans being overthrown by Hannibal upon the Banks of this River were most of them in their flight drowned in it Trebigna Tribulium a small but very ancient City of Dalmatia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ragusa from which it stands sixteen Miles to the East upon the River Trebinska subject to the Turks Trebula an antient City of the Terra Sabina in the States of the Church in Italy It has a Castle and a great repute for Cheese Some Inscriptions and the Ruins of a Theatre yet extant speak its Considerableness in former times Tregaron a Market Town in Caerdiganshire in the Hundred of Pennarth Tregoney a Corporation in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Powder represented in the Lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses Treguier Trecorium Trecora a City of Bretagne in France called by the Inhabitants Lantriguet It stands upon the North Shoar and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours Having an excellent Port nine Miles from S. Brien to the West and thirty from Reims The Bishop is also the Temporal Lord of it with the Title of a Count. It was often exposed to the spoils of the Saxons Danes and Normans Tremissen Tremesin Tremisa a Town and Kingdom in Mauritania Caesariensis in Barbary Tremita an Island upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Naples in the Gulph of Venice which communicates its name to some others about it called the Islands of Tremits It is one of the Diomedeae of the Antients and now adorned with a Monastery Tremituge Tremithus Tremethus a City of the Islands of Cyprus which was anciently a Bishops See Sporidion a famous Bishop of it assisting at the first Council of Nice It is now reduced to a poor Town Trent Trenta one of the principal Rivers in England It ariseth in the County of Stafford near Mowcop Hill towards Cheshire and flowing South receives the Saw from Stafford in the Borders of that County the Tame from the South and the Done from the North and entering Nottinghamshire salutes its Capital at a small distance after at Newark So dividing this Shire from Lincolnshire this and the River Dun form the Isle of Axholme and they being united both fall into the Humber at Ankeborough Trent Trento Tridentum a City in the Borders of the County of Tirol betwixt Italy and Germany call'd by the Germans Trient The Capital of a Territory called the Tridentine amongst the Alpes which thence are also called the Tridentine Alpes It is a small City and a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja well peopled seated in a fruitful Valley upon the River Adige in the midst of aspiring Mountains Once an Imperial and Free City now exempt and subject to its own Bishop as to its Revenue but as to the Sovereignty to the Emperor as Count of Tirol Eighteen Miles from Inspruck to the South and about eight from Verona It has divers Churches one College of Jesuites and a great number of religious and ecclesiastical Houses But most celebrated on the account of a Council begun here by Pope Paul III. December 15. 1445 who dying in 1549. it was continued under Julius III in 1551. He also dying in 1555. and a War broken out in Germany it was not resumed by Pius IV. till 1562 and by him ended Decemb. 4. 1563. Maurice Elector of Saxony with Albert Marquess of Brandenburgh and William Landtgrave of Hesse having suddenly taken Ausbourgh in 1552. and threatned Trent obliged Pope Julius III. to suspend the session of it for that time Trepassez Sinus Mortuorum a Bay in New-found Land in North America Trero Trerus a River of Campania di Roma which watereth Salvaterra and falls into the Garigliano beneath Ponte Corvo in the Borders of the Kingdom of Naples Some call it Omme Tresen Tresa a small City with an Haven upon the Baltick Sea in the Province of Sudermannia in Sweden seven Miles from Stockholm to the North-West Tresmes Trama a River and Monastery in Champagne in France in the Borders of La Brie three Leagues from Meaux to the North. Trevico Trivicus a City in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples A Bishops See under the Arch-Bishop of Benevento Horace mentions it It is likewise called Vico della Baronia Trevigiana See Marchia Trevisana Treviso or Trevigi Tarvisium Taurisium a City in the Marquisate of Trevigiana or Trevisana to which it gives its name in the States of Venice upon the River Sile which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja A great and strong City surrounded on all sides by Water and thereby of the more difficult access Brought under the States of Venice in 1336. In 1509 taken by Maximilian the Emperour and shortly after restored to them It stands eighteen Miles from Venice to the South-West Trevoux Trevoltium the Capital Town of the Principality of Dombes in France adorned with a Collegiate Church Triadzzia Sardica an ancient City of Thrace Triballi an ancient People of Moesia Inferior now Bulgaria Tribur an ancient Royal Palace betwixt Mayence and Oppenheim beyond the Rhine in Germany where divers Councils have been celebrated Tricaraco Tricarium a City in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples Tricastin a Territory in Dauphine in France the
a Seminary for the English in 1589. the very year after the Spanish Armado had miscarried Philip IV. built a Magnificent Palace in it In 1322. a Council was assembled here Long. 15. 40. Lat. 42. 10. § There are two New Cities of the same Name in America one in New Spain in the Province of Honduras which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico since the year 1558. The other in Peru. Le Vallais or Valais Valesia See VVallisserlandt Valle 1. di Demona Demonae Vallis 2. Valle di Mazara 3. Valle di Noto Vallis Neaetina are the three Provinces into which the Island of Sicily is now divided The Valley of Iehosaphat a Valley betwixt the City Jerusalem and the Mount of Olives in Palestine to the East which lying two hundred and fifty paces lower than the City to that quarter serves as a Fosse to it It s length from North to South comes to about two thousand paces The name some derive from the Sepulchre of K. Jehosaphat anciently built upon it Some from a pretension that God will judge Mankind in this place because of the signification of the word Jehosaphat in Hebrew Gods Judgment and an expression in Joel 3. 12. Where v. 14. the same Valley is also called the Valley of decision elsewhere in Scripture the Valley of Kedron from the Brook of that name which traverses the middle of it and the Kings Valley from Solomons Garden at the foot of the Mount of Scandal a part of the Mount of Olives Upon this Valley at present is pretended to be shown the Sepulchers of King Jehosaphat Absalom the Prophet Zaehariah and S. James Bishop of Jerusalem all cut in Rocks The Sepulcher of the Virgin Mary in a Church built by Helena in 326. Where are also the Tombs of Joachim and Ann the Parents of the Virgin Simeon and Levi and that famous Queen Melisende in the eleventh Century who was the Daughter Wife and Mother of Baldwin II. Foulk and Baldwin III. three successive Kings of Jerusalem The Armenians Jacobites and Abyssines have their several Altars and Apartments in this Church which stands upon this Valley at the foot of the Mountain Viri Galilaei another part of the Mount of Olives Vallona a large Town in Albania recovered out of the Hands of the Turks by the Forces of the Republick of Venice Sept. 18. 1690. There were in it one hundred and thirty Pieces of Cannon Valois Vâ—lesti a Duchy in the Isle of France between it and Picardy and Champagne upon the River Oyse The chief Town of which is Crepi en Valois All the Kings of France from Philip IV. to Francis I. that is from 1328 to 1515 were from hence surnamed de Valois Valombre a Benedictine Abbey in the Florentine in Italy Valpo a River Town and County in Solavania between Esseck and Belgrade all in the Hands of the Emperor This River falls into the Danube three German Miles below Esseck to the South Valtelina Vallis Telina Volturena a small Tract belonging to the Grisons at the Foot of the Alpes through which the River Adda runs It belonged to the Dukedom of Milan and was granted to the Grisons by Francis I. in the year 1516. The Spaniards have thereupon all along pretended a Right to it and in 1620 seized upon it more for the convenienâ—â— of a passage between Tirol and Milan than for the value of the place though it is a most fruitful spot of Ground but the French the Pope and the Venetians interposing and a War insuing the Grisons at last recovered the Possession of it This Valley extends from East to West sixty Miles on the North it is bounded by the Grisons on the South by the States of Venice on the East by Tirâ—l and to the West by Milan There are four considerable Towns in it Morbegno Sondrio Tirano and Bormio It made a part of the ancient Rhâ—eâ—ia and was then inhabited by the Vennoneâ—es Van a Fortress of the Turks upon the Frontiers of Persia in Armenia which is little but very strong and stands upon a Lake of the same Name betwixt Mar di Bâ—chu and the Tigris which some call the Sea of Van and the Sea of Armenia because its Waters are salt Learned Men take it for the ancient Artemita It stands two hundred and fifty Miles from the Caspian Sea to the West Long. 78. 40. Lat. 40. 30. Vandali an ancient People upon the Coasts of the Baltick Sea in Germany who in the fifth Century in conjunction with the Alani and others made Invasions into Gaul and Spain In Gaul they lost Godegesilâ—â— their King and twenty thousand Men in one Battel in the year 405 before the Alani could advance to their relief In the other they Conquered the Kingdom of the Suevi defeated the Roman Forces in Boetica called a part of the Country Vandalitia now Andaluzia after their own name thence passed into Africa and established a Kingdom there in the Person of their General Gensericus to whom succeeded five others in the same honor till Bellisarius with the Emperor Justinians Forces took their last King Gelimer an Usurper upon the Right of Hilderic Kinsman to Justinian Prisoner and brought him to Constantinople in 533. These Kings were Arrians and severe Persecutors of the contrary Faith Vannes or Vennes Venetia Dariorigum Venetiae Dariorigum Venetorum a City of the Lesser Bretagne in France the Seat of the ancient Veneti who were hardly conquered by Julius Caesar in a Sea-Fight It is now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours and is a fine populous City by the Bay de Morbihan with a Castle which was anciently the Palace of the Dukes of Bretagne and divers Churches two Leagues from the Sea and twenty six from Rennes to the North-West Long. 17. 28. Lat. 47. 15. In 465. a Council was celebrated here Var Varus a River of Italy which ariseth in the Maritim Alpes in the County of Nizza and flowing South receives the Vaire Tince Vesubee and Esteron and at Nizza or Nice falls into the Mediterranean Sea after it has for many Miles divided Provence from the County of Nizza it is therefore accounted the Boundary between France and Italy though the French have some places on the South of this River and the Duke of Savoy on the North of it Varcevo Collentum a City of Dalmatia between Zara to the West and Scardona to the East under the Venetians Varna Dionysiopolis Barna Tiberiopolis Odessus Vâ—rna a City of Bulgaria which is an Archbishops See and has a Port upon the Euxine Sea at the Mouth of the River Zyra now Varna It stands between this River to the North the Sea to the East and the Lâ—ke of Devina to the South Still a place tolerably well peopled seven German Miles from Mâ—sember and the Borders of Thrace to the North. Most taken notice of upon the account of a great Defeat the Christians received here under Vladislaus King of Hungary November 11. 1444. Long.
held at this City Vichy a Village in the Dukedom of Bourbonne in France of great fame for some Springs of Medicinal Mineral Waters Vico della Baronia Vicus a small City of the Kingdom of Naples in the Further Principato which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento it stands at the foot of the Apennine thirteen Miles from Conza to the North. Vico di Sorrento Vicus Aequensis a small City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Province di Lavoro which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sorrento Built by Charles II. King of Naples in 1300. four Miles from Sorrento and eighteen from Naples to the South Victoria Victoria Vellica Vitoria a City in the Province of Alava in the Borders of Biscay Sixteen Leagues from Pampelon to the West twelve from Bilbao and twelve from Burgos to the South-East Built in 1180. and now in a thriving condition Vidin Widin Bydena Viminiacum a City of Servia which is an Archbishops See and the Seat of the Turkish Governour It stands upon the Danube where it receives the Lon 9 German Miles from the Borders of Thrace to the West and fifteen from Nissa to the North. Taken by the Imperialists after a defeat of 10000 Turks that were posted near it Octob. 1689. Retaken by the Turks in 4 days Sept. 1690. Vieliluki Vieliluchia Vielkolucha a strong City upon the River Lovat in the Dukedom of Râ—scow in the Borders of Lithuania in Moscovy 30 Polish Miles from Witepska to the North and 16 from the Lake of Illmen to the South Taken by Stephen King of Poland Decemb. 16. 1580. Vienna Vienna Ala Flaviana Juliòbona Vindobona the Capital City of Austria and Seat of the Emperors of Germany called by the Inhabitants Wien by the French Vienne by the Turks Beetz or Weetz by the Poles Wieden It is one of the greatest most populous strong and rich Cities in Germany seated on the South side of the Danube over which it has a Bridge where it receives a small River called the Wien from whence it has its present Name Also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Saltzburg Made an Imperial City by Frederick II. in 1236 But this Privilege lasted only four Years Hofman saith it is the noblest City on the Danube both as to the Beauty Magnificence of its Buildings and the abundance of all things useful to the Life of Man Taken in 1485. by Matthius Corvinus King of Hungary Besieged by the Turks in 1529. September 15. under Solyman II. with an Army of 200000 Men but his Cannon being sunk or disordered by the Governour of Presbourgh in their way up the Danube after two general Assaülts in vain and the News of the March of the Emperor Charles V. to its relief he raised the Siege October 15. Again they besieged it in 1532. and 1543. And when in 1683 it was reduced in a fourth Siege to great Extremities it was relieved by John III. King of Poland September 10 the Anniversary whereof is religiously here observed after it had been violently battered from July 14. by an Army of 100000 Turks who lost all their Tents Baggage Cannon and Mortars to the number of 180 Pieces whereof some were marked with the Arms of the Emperors Ferdinand I. and Rodulph II. Victual and Ammunition the Standard of the Ottoman Empire engraved with these words There is no other God but one God and Mahomet is his Prophet their Reputation abroad and their Courage at home by this Defeat which has made them contemptible unfortunate and miserable ever since The Crescent and the Star the Ottoman Arms till this had continued engraved upon the highest tip of the Tower of S. Stephens Church from the year 1529 when the Citizens placed them there for an acknowledgment to Solyman II. who during his Siege totally exempted that Cathedral from Battery But no such regard to it having been observed by the Turks in the last Siege a Cross was immediately advanced in the place of the Crescent This City has been the Seat of the Emperors of Germany ever since 1438. Frederick II. founded an University in it in 1237. which Albert III. Archduke of Austria reestablished in 1365. In 1267. a Council was celebrated here The Scotch College was a principal and stately Building of this City before its destruction in the last Siege It is fortified with 12 Bastions The Learned Dr. Edward Brown in his Travels has excellently described the present State of it and to him I remit the Reader It stands 26 German Miles from Lintz to the East 6 from the Borders of Hungary 50 from Cracow 34 from Buda Long. 39. 10. Lat. 48. 22. Vienne Vienna a most antient City of Gallia Narbonensis in the Roman times the Metropolis of the Allobroges and then a great and Royal City Called by Pomponius Mela Vienna Allobrogum Now an Archbishops See seated in the Dauphine upon the Rhosne where it entertains the Gera over which it had a Bridge now half ruined at the foot of an Hill 13 Leagues from Grenoble to the West 5 from Lyons to the South and 11 from Valence Pope Calixtus II. was an Archbishop of this City It is the Capital of the Territory of Viennois which lying betwixt the Rhosne and Isere is called the Island of the Allobroges This City in the Roman Coins Inscriptions and Histories is called the Illustrious Adorned Strong Beautiful Fruitful Colony of Vienna Claudius the Emperor chose several of its Citizens into the Roman Senate Hither Pilate and Archelaus the Son of Herod the Great were banished Valentinian the Younger was here murdered by Arbogastes a traiterous Courtier in 392. In the fifth Century it became the Seat of the Kings of Burgundy that Kingdom beginning about 408. In 504. Gundabond one of these Kings took it by a Siege and slew Godigisilas his Brother who defended it against him In 532. there was an end put to this Kingdom by Clothaire King of France In 855. it became the Seat of a second French Burgundian Kingdom which ended in 1032. And this City passed to the Emperors of Germany In 1100. it was seized by one Guine by the Title of Earl or Dauphine of Vienne and continued in this Line till 1342 when it was again united to the Crown of France Also regardable on the account of a Council held here in 1311. by Pope Clement V. assisted with the Patriarchs of Alexandria and Antioch and 300 Bishops in the presence of Philip le bel King of France This Council rendered the Feast of Corpus Christi before instituted by Pope Vrban IV. of universal observance In 1119. Pope Gelasius II. held also a Council here Another in 1112. excommunicated the Emperor Henry V. and declared the Treaty betwixt Pope Paschal II. and him touching Investitures null In 892. the Legate of Pope Formosus celebrated a Council in the same place where there have been divers others Long. 26. 00. Lat. 45. 28. Vienne Vigenna Vigenne a River of France which ariseth
In length from North to South 100 Miles in breadth from East to West 130 in circumference 420. Tho it lies so far to the North yet it is not subject to any extremity of Weather the various Winds cooling it in Summer and frequent Rains mollifying the sharpness of the Air in Winter The Soil is fruitful in Corn and Grass affords great plenty of Timber and Fruit Trees It abounds with Lakes and Rivers which are well stored with Fish and Fowles and of sufficient depth for carrying Boats and Vessels It wants not excellent Harbours on the Sea and Ocean This Province contains these Counties Dunghall or Tyrconnel Upper Tyrone Nether Tyrone Fermanagh Cavan Monaghan Colrane or London-Derry Antrim Downe Armagh and Louth The Capital City is Armagh or Armath The rest are London-Derry Dunghall Downe and Knockfergus Ulverstoit a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Loynsdale upon a Stream falling into an Arm of the Sea near Leversand Umbriatico Vmbraticum Brustacia a City in the Hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sancta Severina from which it stands 10 Miles to the North. Umbrone See Ombrone Umegiunaibe a City of the Province of Cuzt in the Kingd of Fez in Barbary betwixt the Rivers Esacha and Mulvia Underwaldt Sylvania Sylvaniensis and Vndervaldensis Pagus a Canton in Switzerland the Capital of which is Stantz On the North it is divided from Schwitz by the Lake of Lucerne on the East it has the Canton of Vri on the South that of Berne and and on the West Lucerne This is one of the lesser Cantons The Inhabitants profess the Roman Catholick Religion A Wood or Forrest called Kernwalt the Oak Forrest divides this Canton in the midst and from thence it has its Name This Canton began to free it self about 1260. First admitted into the general League in 1307 from thenceforward they have had the sixth place in the Roll or List of the Cantons Unghwar Vngaria a small City in the Upper Hungary which is the Capital of a County of the same name at the Foot of the Carpathian Hills This City stands upon the River Vngh in the Borders of Red Russia 6 Hungarian Miles from Cassovia to the East and from Zatmar to the North. Has been always in the Hands of the Christian Princes It joyned with Teckeley and was retaken by the Emperor in the year 1685 yet situated naturally strong Some Hungarian Historians derive the Name of their Country from this City or its River Unna an Hanse Town in the County of Mark in Westphalia in Germany which was a considerable City but now very small and subject to the Duke of Brandenburg Ten Miles from Dartmund to the East and from the Borders of Munster to the South Uoidanar Atrax one of the principal Cities of Thessaly upon the River Atrax 30 Miles from Larissa to the West Uoigtlandt Voigtlandia Voigtia a Province of Germany in the Upper Saxony and Misnia for the most part under the Elector of Saxony It lies between Bohemia to the East and Franconia to the West The principal Places in which are Swickaw Plauwen and Gratz Uolcano in the Italian and Spanish Tongues signifies a Burning Mountain Of which sort there are in several places of the World about twenty Uolfembuttel Wolfembutel a City of Germany in the Dukedom of Brunswisk Uolga See Wolga Uolhinia Superior a part of Red Russia called also the Palatinate of Luceoria Bounded with Russia properly so called to the West Podolia to the South the Palatinate of Brescia to the North and Kiovia to the East The Capital of it is Lusuck Uolhinia Inferior See the Palatinate of Kiovia Uolo a Town and Fortress upon the Gulph of its own Name and the Coast of the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia North of the Island of Negrepont It is the same place with the Pagasae of the Antients and the same Gulph with their Sinus Pagasicus The Turks made a Magazine of it both for Amunition and Provision It hath a sure and spacious Port. In the year 1655. Morosini resolving to seize the Turkish Magazine stormed the Town and Fortress till he made himself Master of both he put on board his Fleet twenty seven Canons and above four Millions of Pounds weight of Bisket Burnt the Magazine Houses and Mosques and levelled the Walls to the ground Uolcei an antient People of Latium in Italy who resisted the Roman Power very much to their own loss T. Sicinius Consul defeated them in the year of Rome 257. Q. Capitolinus beat them again in 316. A. Postloumius Tubertus Dictator triumphed over them in 325. And Camillus constrained them to submit in 365. Their Country now makes a part of Campagna di Roma Uolterra Volaterra Volaterrae one of the most antientest Cities in Italy in Hetruria in the Territory of Pisa upon a Mountain and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Florence from whence it stands 34 Miles to the South In 1578. and 1590. Synods were celebrated here The Soil about it yields abundance of Mineral Waters There are divers antient Statues yet remaining in this City Lon. 33. 40. Lat. 42. 46. Uoltorno Vulturnus a River in the Kingdom of Naples it springeth out of the Apennine in the Borders of the hither Abruzzo and flowing South through the Province di Lavoro near Venafro and Aliâ—i beneath Tolesi it receives the Sabato and watering Capua falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea 20 Miles North of Naples Uoltutiraria Vulturaria a small City in the Capitanata in the Kingdom of Naples a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento from which it stands 24 Miles to the North. Uoville a Town in Poictiers in France where Clovis King of France gained a great Victory over Alarick King of the Goths whom he slew with his own hands in the year of Christ 507. Uoutenai a place near Auxerre in Burgundy where Charles surnamed the Bald got a great Victory over Lothaire in the year of Christ 841. Uplandia a Province in the Kingdom of Sweden the Capital of it is Vpsal in which stands Stockholm the Royal City of that Kingdom Bounded on the North with Gestricia on the East by the Baltick Sea on the South by the Sudermannia and on the West by Westmannia Very fruitful and well cultivated Uppingham a well built neat Market Town in the County of Rutland and the Hundred of Martinsley situated upon an Hill and accommodated with a Free-School and an Hospital Upsal Vpsalia is the Capital City in the Kingdom of Sweden in the Province of Vpland in 1148. made an Archbishops See by Pope Eugenius III. It stands upon the River Sala which falls into the Lake of Ekolen seven Swedish Miles from Stockholm to the North. Long. 44. 15. Lat. 60. 05. It was for many Ages the Seat of the Kings of Gothland and to this day the Kings of Sweden are crown'd there in memory of its antient Glory It is also an University defended by a strong Castle built
the Hundred of Blithing near Southwould-bay adorned with a remarkable high and fair Church Waldhust Valdhusta a small City in the Province of Schwaben in Germany upon the Rhine in the Territory of Kâ—egow 7 German Miles from Basil to the East 5 from Schafhouse and 2 from Laâ—fenburgh Under the Emperor Wales Vallia is a Principality on the West of England Bounded on the West and North by the Irish Sea on the East by Cheshire Shrapshire Herefordshire and Monmouthshire this latter being a long time a part of it and on the South by the Severn Sea It contains twelve Shires Pembroke Caermarden Glamorgan Brecknock Radnor Cardigan Mountgomery Merioneth Denbigh Flint Caernarvon and Anglesey After many and those most bloody Wars this Principality was finally united for ever to the Crown of England by Edward I. in 1284. Prince Edward his eldest Son made Prince of Wales which Title to the Heir apparent of England still belongs The rest of its description is given in the proper places Wallingford a Market Town and Corporation in Berkshire in the Hundred of Moreton upon the River Thames here covered with a Bridge a famous place both in the Roman and Saxon times It is the antient Guallena the Seat of the Attrebatii a British Tribe and under the West-Saxons was the Capital Town of these parts being adorned with 12 Parish Churches a Castle of great strength and Walls which were a Mile in circuit The Tracts and Ruines of those Walls yet appear and part of the Castle together with one Church which declension from its pristine State was occasioned by a Plague in 1348. It retains the Honor of the Election of two Members to represent it in the lower House of Parliament Wallisserlandt Valinsa Vallesia a great Canton in Switzerland called by the French Vallais or Vallays by the Germans Wallisserlandt by the Italians Vallesia It extends from East to West between the Canton of Schwitz to the North and East the Dukedom of Milan and Aouste to the South and Savoy to the West The Capital of it is Sytten or Syon and the other principal Cities are Martigny and S. Maurice This Canton was united for ever to the rest in the general League in 1533. It s extent from East to West is almost 100 Miles its breadth between 15 and 30. The Religion here professed is the Roman Catholick for the maintenance of which the Bishop who is their Prince combined with the 7 Popish Cantons in 1572. It is a pleasant fruitful Valley abounding with Saffron Corn Wine and delicate Fruits enriched with Meadows and excellent Pastures surrounded every way with craggy and unpassable Rocks and Mountains which afford but one entrance into it and that defended by two Gates and a Castle These Mountains are at all times covered with Ice and Snow not to be passed by an Army nor easily by a single Person The Walloons the People of the Earldomes of Flanders and Artois in the Low Countries are commonly called by this Name Walsall a Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Oâ—â—ow upon the top of a high Hill Walsham North a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Blowfield Walsingham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of N. Grenehoe Noted formerly for the Concourse of Pilgrims to two Wells called to this day the Virgin Mary's Wells and to the Chappel near them There was also formerly a College of Canons at this Town And the good Saffron it used to yield was no small addition to its Name Waltham-Abbey a Market Town in the County of Essex of great fame formerly for the Abbey it carries in its Name The Capital of its Hundred § Another in the County of Southampton for distinction called Waltham Bishops The Capital of its Hundred also Wana Vana a River of Croatia which watereth Vihitz and then falls into the Save above Gradiska in the Borders of Friuli Wandesworth a Town in the County of Surrey in the Hundred of Brixton upon the River Wandle Some numbers of French Protestants have setled here Wandesdike a large Trench or Dyke in Wiltshire Supposed by Mr. Cambden to be made by the West-Saxons for a Boundary to their Kingdom against the Mercians It lies in the midst of the County extended many Miles from East to West and saw many Battles fought betwixt those two Kingdoms Wang a small River in the County of Suffolk which riâ—eth in Westhall and running East watereth the Town of Wangford then falls into the Blithe a little above Southwould Wantage a Market and Thorough-fare Town in Berkshire in the Hundred of Wanting Waradin Varadinum a great strong City of the Upper Hungary called by its Inhabitants Warad by the Germans Gross-Wardein to distinguish it from Petro Waradin in Sclavonia It stands upon the River Kerez in the Borders of Transylvania to which Principality of latter times it belonged and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza defended by a strong Castle In 1660. it was taken by the Turks before which the Crim Tartars took it in 1242. In 1290. Ladislans K. of Hungary built the Cathedral Church It was besieged by a puissant Army of the Turks in 1598. which miscarried But in 1660. they took it by surprise in a time of Peace On the East the Castle stands on the North the River runs it has a Wall with Ramparts after the modern way flanked with 5 Royal Bastions and a good regular Dike which may be filled upon occasion by the River Water within there is another inclosure of 5 Bastions and a high Wall which may serve instead of a Cittadel This City stands 22 Miles from Giula to the North 80 from Weissemburg to the West and 100 from Buda to the East Lately recovered by the Imperialists from the Turks after a long Blockade and Siege The Capital of a County of its own name Longit. 44. 56. Latit 47. 08. Warasdin Variana Varsdinum a City of Stiria Warburgh an Imperial and Hanseatique City in the Circle of Westphalia in Germany Warczkovie more the Russian Name of the Baltick Sea Wardhus Vardhusia the North part of the Kingdom of Norway Bounded on the North by the frozen Sea on the East by the Russ Lapland on the West by Drontheim and on the South by the Swedish Lapland It has only one Town of its own Name and a few Villages of no value Under the King of Denmark Ware a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Branghing upon the River Lea from whence a Channel of the New River Water is cut for serving of London Warfe a River in Yorkshire falling into the Are below Pontefract and into the Ouse below York Otley Wetherby and Tadcaster stand upon it Warham a Market Town and Corporation in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Winfrith situated at the fall of the Rivers Frome and Biddle into Luckford Lake to which it hath a Harbour defended formerly by a strong Wall and a Castle But as the two latter
have found their Ruins in the Wars of this Kingdom so the other is choaked up The Corporation retains the Honour of the Election of two Members to represent it in Parliament Warmerlandt Warmia a Province of Prussia called by the Inhabitants Ermelandt Bounded almost every way by the Ducal Prussia the Capital of it is Heilsbergh in which the Bishop of this Province resides which stands 8 German Miles from Regensperg to the South Warminster a Market Town in Wiltshire the Capital of its Hundred seated at the Spring of the River Willybourn or Willy and heretofore of very great note being the antient Verlucio Warrington Khigodunum a Town in Lancashire in the Borders of Cheshire upon the River Mersey over which it hath a fair stone Bridg leading into the last mentioned County in the Hundred of Darby Here the Scotch Army under Duke Hamilton was defeated by the Parliamentarians in the year 1648. Warsaw VVarsovia the Capital City of the Kingdom of Poland called by the Poles VVarswa by the Germans Warschaw by the French Varsovie It is the chief City of Mazovia upon the Vistula Twenty four Miles from Lenczycze or Lanschet thirty three from Gnesna and fifty from Lemburg Taken by the Swedes in the year 1665. after a great Victory the year following the Poles retook it and it is now under its own Prince A great and populous City being as it were near the Centre of that Kingdom has enjoyed the Residence of their Kings and the Courts of Justice ever since the Reign of Sigismond III. who built here a Royal Palace for his Successors There has also been added a great pile of Buildings now called the New City Long. 43. 20. Lat. 52. 25. Warte Varta a River of Poland which arising out of the Lesser Poland and entring the Greater washeth Siracks and Posnan and taking in the Obra the Notesik and the Prosna beneath Landsperg in the Marquisate of Brandenburg falls into the Oder near Custrin Warwick Varvicum Praesidium Verovicum the Shire-Town of the County of Warwick is seated on the West-side of the River Avon over which it has a Stone Bridge in the middle of the County Called by the Welsh Caer Guarvic and Caer Leon by the Romans Praesidium which signifies the same thing with the Brittish Name It stands upon a steep and craggy Rock mounted on high not easily approached hath two Parish Churches a handsom Market-House of Freestone an indowed Hospital the Assizes and Sessions for the County are kept at it and it was fortified with Walls and Ditches and towards the South-VVest it had a strong Castle Ethelsled a Mercian Queen rebuilt it in the year 911. In the year 1076 Henry de Newburg was created Earl of Warwick by William the Conqueror This Family lasted five Descents and in the year 1242 John Marshal was the seventh Earl in the Right of Margery Sister and Heir of Thomas the last Earl John de Placetis her second Husband was the eighth in 1243 William Maudit the ninth in 1263. William Beauchamp Son of Isabel Sister and Heir of William Maudit in 1268. This Family continued five Descents amongst which Henry Beauchamp the Favourite of King Henry VI who crowned him King of the Isle of VVight received this Place with the advanced Title of Duke which vanished after him And in the year 1449 Richard Nevil who married Anne Sister of Henry Beauchamp the former Earl and Duke of VVarwick succeeded in the Title of Earl In 1471 George Duke of Clarence Brother to Edward IV by the Marriage of Anne Daughter of Richard Nevil was the eighteenth succeeded by Edward Plantagenet his Son in 1471. In 1547 John Dudley and in 1562 Ambrose his Son descended from the Lady Margaret Daughter of Richard Beauchamp Earl of VVarwick In 1618 Robert Lord Rich of Leeze was created the twenty second Earl of VVarwick by James I. Charles great Grandson to Robert died without Issue whereupon Robert Rich Earl of Holland his Cousin Germain succeeded in the Earldom of VVarwick and left both the Titles of Warwick and Holland united to Edward the present Earl the twenty seventh and the sixth of this Family Warwick returns two Parliament Men and stands in the Hundred of Kington Warwickshire Varvicensis Comitatus is bounded on the North by Staffordshire on the East by Leicester and Northamptonshires on the South by Oxford and Gloucester and on the VVest by the County of Worcester In length from North to South thirty three Miles in breadth twenty five the whole Circumference one hundred and thirty five containing one hundred and fifty eight Parishes and fifteen Market Towns As it is seated well near in the heart of England so the Air and Soil are of the best the River Avon divides it in the middle VVhat lies South of that River is divided between fruitful Corn-Fields and lovely Meadows which from Edg-hill present the Viewer with a Plain equal to that of Jordan That which lies North is VVood Land The Cornavii were the old the Mercians the later Masters of this County There have been three great Battels sought in it One in the year 749 wherein Cuthred King of the West Saxons slew Ethelbald King of the Mercians at Seckington near Tamworth The second in the year 1468 at Edgcote in which the then Earl of Warwick defeated Edward IV and took him Prisoner The third in the year 1642 at Edg-hill in which Charles I overthrew the Parliament Forces under the Earl of Essex The Principal Town in this Shire is Coventry Wasgow Vasgovia Vogesus Tractus a Tract in Lorrain called by the French Le Pais de Vauge which takes its Name from a Mountain It lies between the Dukedoms of Lorain and Bipont and the Palatinate of the Rhine and it is a part of Germany Wash A Stream in the County of Rutland Wassi or Vassi Vasseum a Town in the Lower Champagne in France upon the Marn in the Diocess of Chalons well situated in a fruitful Soil A Rencounter betwixt the Duke of Guise and the Huguenots at this Town in the Reign of Charles IX gave an occasion to the ensuing Civil VVais of Religion in this Kingdom Watchet a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Williton by the Sea-side Waterford Vaterfordia Mapiana a Town and County in the Province of Munster on the South of Ireland The Town is called by the Irish Phurtlairge The Capital of its County and next Dublin the greatest place in that Kingdom having a very large and safe Haven under the Protection of a strong Fort called Duncannon Fort and conveniently seated for a Trade with any part of the World Built by the Norwegians in a bad Air and a barren Soil at the Mouth of the River Shour Ever since it came into the hands of the English it has continued very loyal to this Crown and has on that score obtained many signal Privileges from it In the year 1649 they forced Oliver Cromwel to draw off when he was Master of
same with Furnes Wernow Chalusus a City of Germany near Rostock Wersaw See Warsaw Wert the same with Donawert Werthaim a County in Franconia in Germany Wesel Aliso Vesalia a strong City in the Dukedom of Cleve and an Hanse Town which has a Castle belonging to it It stands upon the Rhine at the confluence of the Lippe twelve German Miles from Cologne North and five from Dorsten to the VVest Taken by the Hollanders from the Spaniards in 1629. From them by the French in 1672 and in the year 1674 it was left to the Duke of Brandenburg after it had been dismantled by the French Rudolphus I Emperor of Germany granted this City to Theodorick VIII Earl of Cleve Weser or the Little Weser Visurgis a small River which ariseth in the Dukedom of Limburgh in the Borders of Juliers and watering Limburgh falls into the Maes above Liege Weser Visurgis a great River of Germany which ariseth in Franconia in the Territory of Coburg near Eisfeldt and flowing through Thuringe near Smalcald receives the Ness below Eysenack and in Hess the Fuld Turning to the North between Brunswick and Westphalia it takes in the Dymel and waters Corby Hammel Minden Cities of Westphalia beneath Ferden admits the Alder and salutes Breme takes in the Wemma and the Honte and beneath Carlestadt â—â—lls into the German Ocean Wesho Vexio a City of Sweden in the Province of Smalland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal called also Vexsioe and Vexsieu Thirty five Miles from the Lake of Weter South and from the Baltick Sea West Westbury a Market Town and Corporation in Wiltshire upon the River Broke falling into the Avon the Capital of its Hundred and honoured with the Election of two Parliament Men. Westerwaldt Bacenis Buronia a part of the Hercynian Forest called also Hartzwaldt It makes the South parts of the Dukedoms of Brunswick and Thuringe in the Lower Saxony others say it lies by Schelde near Cologne Westerwick Vestrovicum a Sea-Port City in the Province of Smalland on the Baltick Sea in Sweden fifty five Miles from Calmar to the North. West Froson See Friseland Westmannia Vestmania or Westmanland a Province of Sweden between Vpland to the East Gestricia to the North Sudermannia to the South and Nericia to the West The Cities of it are Arosen and Arbosen Westminster Westmonasterium once a Suburb seated a Mile from the City of London and called Thorney now a great and populous City by its Buildings conjoined to London so that it seems to be a part of it but is indeed a distinct City having its peculiar and proper Magistrates and Privileges In the times of the Romans there stood here a Temple of Apollo which in the Reign of Antoninus Pius was subverted by an Earthquake Out of the Ruins of it Segebert King of Kent built a Church in honour of S. Peter about the year 655. About the year 701. Offa King of the East Angles inlarged this old Church which being destroyed by the Danes about the year 854 S. Dunstane Archbishop of Canterbury re-edified it about 970. Edward the Confessor in the year 1061. made great additions to this Fabrick In the year 1221. Henry III. pulled down this Saxon Building and in the same place erected that great and noble Pile now standing and put it into the hands of the Monks to which Henry VII added the Chappel called by his Name In the years 1066 and 1226. Councils were celebrated here At the Reformation instead of the Monks was placed here a Dean twelve Prebends and a Bishop which last is since suppressed In this Church is usually performed the Coronation it likewise contains the Bones of a vast number of the Kings of England and was the Mother of Westminster which from it as from a Centre has spread it self every way Especially after Westminster-Hall became the fixed place for the Courts of Justice built by William Rufus in the year 1099. Rebuilt by Richard II. as Mr. Camden observes and Whitehall the Royal Palace of our Kings about the year 1512. Westmorland Damnii Vestmaria Westmorlandia one of the Northern Counties of England took this Name from its situation and the great number of Moors in it On the North and West it is bounded by Cumberland on the South by Lancashire and on the East by Yorkshire From North to South it is thirty Miles from East to West twenty four in circumference one hundred and twelve Containing twenty six Parishes and eight Market Towns The Air is sharp and piercing healthful the Soil barren and not easily improved two ridges of high Hills crossing it as far as Cumberland Yet the Southern parts contain many fruitful Valleys Meadows Arable and Pasture Grounds The Rivers Eden Ken Lon and Eamon watering them besides two noted Lakes the Vlleswater and Windermeer the last bordering upon Cheshire the other upon Cumberland and Westmorland The ancient Inhabitants were the Brigantes who in the Saxon Heptarchy constituted a part of the great Kingdom of Northumberland The first Earl of this County was Ralph Nevil Lord of Raby E. Marshall in 1398 created Earl of Westmorland by King Richard II. This Family in six Descents continued till the year 1584. it failed in the death of Charles Nevil In 1624. this Honour was revived in Francis Fane created Earl of Westmorland and Baron of Burghersh by James I. as a descendent from the Nevils whose Posterity still enjoy it Westphalia a great Circle or Province in Germany called by the Germans die Wephalen It lies between the Lower Saxony to the East and the Low-Countries to the West bounded on the North by the German Sea on the East by the Dukedom of Breme Ferden Lunenburg and Brunswick on the West by the Vnited Netherlands on the South by the Dukedom of Guelderland the Bishoprick of Cologne VVesterwaldt and Hassia It contains the Bishopricks of Munster Paderborne and Osnaburg the Dukedoms of Cleve and Berg the Principality of Minden the Counties of Oldenburg Mark Hoye Diepholt Ravensberg Lingen Lippe Benthem and Scaumburg East Friseland and the Dukedom of Westphalia The capital City of this Circle is Munster The Dukedom of Westphalia is bounded on the North by the Bishopricks of Munster and Paderborne on the West by the County of Mark on the South by Wester-waldt and Hassia on the East by the County of Waldeck The principal places in it are Arensberg Cleve Dussel-dorp Embden Emerick Ham Lipstad Minden Munster Oldenburg Osnabruck Paderborne Soest Dortmund and Wesel Besides what is above expressed this Circle includes the Dukedoms of Juliers and Guelderland the Bishoprick of Leige and the States of Vtrecht but this last has been separated from it ever since 1548. Westram a Market Town in the County of Kent in Sutton Lath upon the River Darent Westrick Westrych Westryck Austrasia Lotharingia taken in its largest extent contained Brabant Hainault Liege Namur Luxemburg Juliers Epfall Wasgow Imperial Flanders and Lorain And under the first Race of the Kings of France
it contained also Schwaben Bavaria Thuringia a great part of Saxony and some Provinces of France But the Name is only now applied to Lorain Weteraw Veteravia Vederovia a Province in the Vpper Circle of the Rhine between the Vpper Hassia to the East Westerwaldt to the North the Rhine to the West and Mentz to the South The principal Places in it are Dietz and Haâ—â—mar Wetherby a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hund of Claro upon the River Warfe Wetsch the same with Vienna Wexford a County in the South of the Kingdom of Ireland called by the Irish Loghagarm It is the South part of the Province of Lemster Bounded on the North by the County of Waterford cut off by the River Barrow It takes its Name from a great Sea-Port Town on the South side of the River Shemalyn not far from the South-Eastern Point of Ireland fifty two Miles South of Sweden and about twenty East of Waterford Weymouth a Market Town and Corporation in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Vgscomb at the Fall of the River Wey into the Ocean joined to Melcomb Regis on the other side of the same River by a fair Timber Bridge since the Incorporation of both Towns by Act of Parliament in Queen Elizabeth's time into one Body Yet each is distinctly represented by its Burgesses in the House of Commons and Weymouth has the Honour to give the Title of a Viscount to the Right Honourable Thomas Thynne Weymar See Weimar Whitby a Market and Sea-Port Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire at the Fall of the River Esk into the Ocean It hath many Vessels belonging to it a Bridge over the River a Custom-House and heretofore an Abbey of great fame in the Person particularly of S. Hilda an ancient Abbess of it Whitchurch a Market Town in Shropshhire in the Hundred of N. Bradford towards Cheshire § Also a Corporation in Hantshire in the Hundred of Evinger upon the River Test having the Election of two Members of the House of Commons Whitehaven a Market Town in the County of Cumberland in the Division of Allerdale upon a Creek of the Sea which affords it a convenient and well frequented Harbour It stands at the North end of a Rock of hard White Stone and trades principally in Coals and Salt Whithern Candida Casa Lucopibia the White-House a Town or small City in Galloway in Scotland upon the Irish Sea over against the Isle of Man and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Glasco The place where Ninia or Ninian a holy Britan the Apostle of the South Picts in the Reign of Theodosius the younger built a Church which after the number of Christians were increased became a Bishops See It is one of the ancientest Towns being mentioned by Ptolemy as well as Bishopricks in Scotland Long. 16. 30. Lat. 56. 30. Wiburg Viburgium a City in the Province of North Jutland in the Kingdom of Denmark which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden It stands in the middle of that Promontory at an equal distance from the German and Baltick Seas eight German Miles from Alburg to the South This Bishops See was founded by Sweno King of Denmark in 1065. Long. 30. 58. Lat. 58. 08. There is a Town of the same Name in Livonia Wickham a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Burnham upon a Stream falling into the Thames in a low and fruitful Vale. It hath the honour to be a Corporation represented by two Burgesses in the Lower House of Parliament Written also Chipping-VViccomb The Assizes for the County are commonly kept here being a large fair Town § Also a Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of VVilford upon the Deben in which the Archdeacon of Suffolk keeps his Courts for the Eastern part of that County This Town has lost its Market to Woodbridge in its neighbourhood Wickware a Market Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Grombaldash Widen Widin See Vidin Wieprz Aprus a River which falls into the Vistula in the Borders of Poland and Silesia Wigan a Market Town and Corporation in Lancashire in the Hundred of Darby upon the River Dowles of note for good Coal The Corporation elects two Parliament men Wiflisburg or Wiefelbourg Aventicum an ancient City of Switzerland The Capital of the Canton of Wiâ—â—ipurgergow once a great City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Besanzon but now only a Town in the Borders of the Canton of Friburg called by the French Avenches It stands upon the River Broye one German Mile from Friburg three from Berne and four from Lausanne to the North. This Bishoprick was removed to Lausanne in 1076. This Canton is a part of the Canton of Berne bounded on the East by the Aar and Argop on the South by the Alpes and the Lake of Lemane and on the West and North by Mount Jura or Jurten Wight Victus Vectis Vecta an Island on the South of England belonging to the County of South-hampton In length twenty Miles in breadth twelve in circumference sixty About three from Hurst Castle of an oval form ending with two Peninsula's to the East and West And by nature secured with Rocks especially Southward It contains thirty six Parishes and three Market Towns Its Air healthful and pleasant the Soil very fruitful affords a good quantity of Corn for Exportation and Cattle and Game in abundance its Meadows and Wooll are excellent In short it wants nothing needful to the Life of Man The principal place in it is Newport and Cowes for a Harbour Vespasian was the first that subjected this Island to the Romans under Claudius Caesar Cerdick King of the West Saxons became the next Master of it in 530. After him Wolfer King of the Mercians from whom it passed to Edelwalch King of the South Saxons by gift Coedwalla King of the West Saxons at last reconquered it Henry VI. crowned Henry de Beauchamp Earl of Warwick his Favourite King of Wight but this Title soon vanished with his Life two years after Richard Widevil Earl of Rivers his Successor had it from Edward IV. with the Title of Lord of Wight Sir Reginald Bray took it from Henry VII in Fee Farm at the Rent of three hundred Marks Wighton a Market Town in the East Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Harthill Wilde the same with Vilne Wilia Vilia a River of Poland which arising in the Palatinate of Breslaw watereth Vilne and beneath Cown falls into the Chrone Wilkomirz Wilkmer Vilcomtria a Town in the Ducal Prussia upon the River Swet eight Polish Miles from Vilne and seven from Trock Willy or Willibourn a River in Wiltshire which joins with the Nadder at Wilton near Salisbury and afterwards falls into the Avon Werminster is situated at the Spring of it Wiltshire Wiltonia is bounded on the North by Gloucester on the East by Berksshire on the South by Dorset and Hampshire and upon the West by Somerset and Gloucester From
of its Bishops who died in 1617. The Capital of a great Territory and Diocese belonging to its Bishop who is a rich and potent Prelate and a Duke of Franconia since the times of Charles the Great in token whereof his Grand Mareschal always assists with a Sword of State at his Master's Mass His Diocese extending from North to South fifteen German Miles and besides this City containing Ochsenfurt Gemund and Koningshoven This City is fifteen Miles from Francfort and nineteen from Mentz to the East The Italians call it Herbipoli It is built in a fruitful Plain incompassed with Hills filled with Vineyards pleasant Gardens and flowry Meadows It has a Stone Bridge over the River The Territory was granted to this See by Charles the Great Long. 31. 50. Lat. 49. 44. Wurzen a Town in the Vpper Saxony in Germany in the Province of Misnia upon the River Muldaw two miles from Leipsick to the East Under the Bishop of Meissen but now in the hands of the Elector of Saxony as Administrator of that Bishoprick It belonged heretofore to the Counts of its own Name Wye Vaga a River in South Wales which falls into the Severn at Chepstow in Monmouthshire § Also a Market Town in the County of Kent in Scray Lath. X A. XA the same with Geichon Xacca See Sacca Xagua a Bay upon the Southern Coast of the Island of Cuba in America containing above six Leagues in Circuit with a small Island in the middle which affords excellent Water It is entered by a deep Canal which is made naturally safe by Rocks on each side about a Cannon shot in length and narrow The French call it le Grand Port as being one of the best and most commodious in America Xalisco Xalisca a Province of New Spain in America the same with that the Spaniards call New Galicia Xalon Salo a River of Spain which ariseth in old Castile and watering Medina celi entreth Arragon in which Kingdom it takes in the Maungles Xiloa Deca and Hyvela and watering Huerta Calataiud Riela and Placenza falls into the Ebro four Leagues above Sarragoza Xansi Xansia a Province in the North of China which is the second of that Kingdom Bounded on the North by that famous Wall which parts China from Tartary on the East by Pekim on the West by Xensi and on the South by Honan The Capital of it is Taiyven It contains five great Cities one hundred and ninety two small and five hundred eighty nine thousand six hundred fifty nine Families Xanthi an Ancient valiant People of Asia mentioned by Herodotus who being reduced to the last Extremity in a siege by Harpagus Cyrus's General fired their Cittadel with their Wives Servants Goods c. enclosed and exposed themselves to present Death rather than Captivity upon the Swords of the Enemy Xanto Xanthus the same with Scamandro Xantoigne See Saintonge Xantum Xantonia Xantung a Province on the North of China Bounded on the North and East by the Bay of Nanchim on the West by Pekim and on the South by Nankim the Capital of it is Cinan It contains six great ninety two small Cities seven hundred seventy thousand five hundred and fifty five Families and is one of the most fruitful Provinces in that vast Kingdom Xaocheu Xaocheum a City in the Province of Quantum in China Xaoching Xaochinga a City in the Province of Chekiam in China upon the River Chey Xaoun Xaoum a City in the Province of Fokien in China upon the River Zuyen The Capital over three other Cities Xativa Setebis Xativa a small City in the Kingdom of Valentia called by the French Chativa Seven Miles from Valentia to the South and two beyond the Xucar to the same Quarter Xauxa a vast River in Peru in America called also el Rio Maragnon it ariseth out of the Lake Chincacocha one hundred and twenty Miles from Lima to the North. And falls into the River of Amazons Xecien Xecienum a City in the Province of Queichieu in China Xeuil Singilis a River of Spain which ariseth in the Kingdom of Granada and watering Loxa entereth Andalusia falls into the Quadalquiver beneath Cordova eight Leagues to the West Xenfi Xensia a Province in the North of China Bounded on the North by Tartary the Chinian Wall and the River Croceus on the East by Xansi on the South by Suchen and on the West by the Kingdom of Thibet The Capital of it is Sigan It contains eight great and one hundred and seven small Cities nineteen Castles and three hundred thirty one thousand and fifty one Families Xeres de la Frontera Asta Regâ—â— Asiâ—a Ceâ—areana Xera a City in the Kingdom of Andâ—lâ—â—â—a in Spain of great Circuit planted in a fruitful Country yet not much peopled Near this City was the last Battel fought between Roderick the last Gothish King of Spain and the Moors November 11 in the year 71â— the loss of it put the Infidels in possession of Spain Which they kept till the year 1462 when they were finally subdued It stands upon a small River four Miles from the Quadalquir to the East something less from the Bay of Cadiz North and about seven from the City of Cadi Xeres de Guadiana a small City in the Kingdom of Andalusia upon the Guadiana seven Miles from its Mouth North. Xeres de Bedaiox or Los Cavalleros a small City in the Kingdom of Leon in Extremadura It lies seven Miles from Badajox to the South twelve from Marida to the South-West and twenty from Sevil to the North-VVest There is also a Town in New Spain of this Name Xerte Xerta a River in the Kingdom of Leon in the Province of Extremadura which watereth Placentia then falls into the River Alagon which falls into the Tajo above Alcantara This River is not expressed in the later Maps Xicli Motichanus a River of Sicily which falls into the Sea on the South side of that Island near a Town of that Name in Valle di Noto Xicoco an Island of Japan represented to contain four Kingdoms Xilaon a small River of Algarve in Spain which falls into the Atlantick Ocean at Tavira a City of that Province Xiloca Bilbilis a River of Spain in the Kingdom of Arragon which watereth Daroca and then falls into the Xalon against Calataiud Ximo one of the three principal Islands of Japan represented to contain nine Kingdoms Nangazachi Arima and Bungo are some of the considerable Cities in it Xincheu Xincheum a City of the Province of Huquam in the Kingdom of China Xiria Pholoe a Mountain of Arcadia in the Morea Xca or Xaoa a Kingdom in Aethiopia near the Fountains of the Nile towards Zanguebar part of which is under the Abissines and the rest ravished from them by the Gala's a barbarous Neighbour Nation Xucar Sucro a River of Spain which springs out of the same Mountain with the Tajo in the Borders of Arragon and running South watereth Cuenca Alarcon and receiving the Gabriel Algarra and Suls falls
Strasburg whilst that City was in the Hands of the Protestants Zabes a City of Transylvania upon the River Merish six Miles from Weissemburg to the South and twenty nine from Hermstadt to the West Called by the Natives Zas Zebes also and by the Germans Millembach Some suppose it to be the Zeugma of the Ancients Zacatecas or los Zacatecas a Province in New Spain betwixt New Biscay and New Galicia in South America Zaconia Laconia a Province in the Morea Zacynthus See Zante Zadaon Calipus a considerable River in Portugal called also Zadan It ariseth in the Borders of Algarve and running North watereth Alvalada Garcia de Minjuno and Alcaser and at Setuval six Leagues South of the Tajo falls into the Atlantick Ocean Zaflan a Lake in the Vpper Aethiopia with a Town of the same name under the Abyssines formerly but ravished from them by the Galla's or Gala's a neighbour Nation Zagathai Zagataia a considerable Country between the Kingdoms of Thibet to the East Persia to the South and the Caspian Sea to the West in Tartary in Asia Called also Vsbech Zagaya one of the modern names of the Mountain Helicon Zagrabia Sisopa Zagabria Soroga Vicus Italicus A City in Sclavonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza and the Head of a County of its own Name A place of great strength and well peopled It is near the Borders of Croatia forty five Miles from Vihitz to the North fifteen from Gradisca to the West and eleven from Cilley to the South-East upon the North side of the Drave This City and County has ever been in the Hands of the Germans who call it Agram The Bishops of it have the care of all Sclavonia Zagrus the Mountain dividing the ancient Media from Assyria in Asia through which some pretend that Semiramis pierced a passage into Media which bore the name anciently of Zagripylae or the Streights of Zagrus and the Mountain itself of Semiramis Zaire Zairus a vast and a celebrated River of Africa in the Vpper Aethiopia which ariseth out of a great Lake of the same name and flowing Westward watereth the Kingdoms of Cosange Macoco Congo and in part that of Loangi At last falls into the Atlantick Ocean by a Mouth twenty eight Miles broad in five degrees of Southern Latitude This River is not navigable above eighty Miles upward from its Mouth by reason of its Cataracts It has been formerly thought that the Nile derives its source from the Lake Zaire But Thevenot and Jeremy Lobo a Portugueze who lived twelve years in this Country have undecelved us with their better accounts Zalderane a spacious Plain near the City Tauris in Persia towards the Borders of Armenia beyond the Euphrates made remarkable by the Battel fought upon it Aug. 26. 1514. betwixt Ismael K. of Persia and Selim. I. Emperor of the Turks Zama an ancient City of Africa which is the modern Zamora in the Kingdom of Algiers Called in an inscription yet extant in it Colonia Aelia Hadriana Augusta Zama Regia Hannibal received a great defeat from Scipio at this City Juba King of Mauritania chose it for the Capital of his Kingdom In the ancient Christian times here it had the honour of a Bishops See Pliny mentions an excellent Fountain near it of the same name Zambeze a great River of Aethiopia in Africa which springeth from a Lake of its own name but called also Sachat upon the Borders of the Empires of Monomotapa and Abyssinia And after the reception of many Rivers into its bed divides itself towards its Mouth into four great Branches inclosing divers large and fruitful Islands so falls into the Aethiopick Ocean upon the Consines of Sofala and Mosambick Some confound the Lake Zambeze with that of Zaire Zamora a City in the Kingdom of Leon upon the River Douro which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella so made by P. Calixtus II. in the Reign of Alphonsus VI. in 1119. Nine Leagues from Miranda to the East and fourteen from Validolid to the West See also Zama Zamoski Zamoscium a City in Red Russia in the Kingdom of Poland upon a fine Plain near the River Weper Built by a Grand Chancellour of Poland of the name of Zamoski fourteen Polish Miles from Luxemburgh to the North. It is a place of great strength and baffled an Attempt of the Cossacks upon it in 1651. Zanaga See Senga Zancle an ancient City of the Island of Sicily whose destruction by Anaxilaus a King of the Rhegenses in Italy makes it mentioned in History and Antiquity Ovid expresses the whole Island by its name in saying Zancle quoque juncta fuisse Dicitur Italiae Some suppose Messina now stands in the place of it Zanfara a City and Kingdom of Nigritia in Africa Zanguebar Zanguebaria a great Region in the Lower Aethiopia in Africa It has this Name from the Arabians over against whose Country it lies signifying Negroes or Blacks upon the Aethiopian Ocean on the Eastern Shoar of Africa It extends from North to South from five degrees of Northern to eighteen degrees of Southern Latitude but of small breadth The Kingdoms of Mombaza Melinda Mosambick Lamo Queilloa and many others of less note are contained in it full of Forests and Marshes which create a pestilent Air and an unfruitful Soil Zanhaga a Region and Desert upon the Atlantick Ocean in Africa North of the Kingdom of Tombutum or Tombotu in Lybia under the Tropick of Cancer South of Marocco Zante Zacynthus a great Island in the Ionian Sea under the States of Venice Twenty four Miles long sixteen broad and sixty in circuit It lies twelve Miles from Cefalonia to the South and the same from the Morea to the West It contains forty eight Castles fifty Villages and one City of the same Name with the Island which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Corfu has an excellent Harbor on the East side defended by a strong Castle upon an high Hill and a Garrison of Roman Catholicks but the Inhabitants are for the most part of the Greek Church Mr. Wheeler saith it is not above thirty Miles in circuit but one of the most fruitful and pleasant places he ever saw Lat 36. 30. It produces Wine Corn and Oyl with great abundance Robert Guichard the Valiant Norman Duke of Puglia dyed here in his Voyage to the Holy Land The chief Commodity is the Curran-Trade which bears the Charge of the Venetian Fleet or Armada The City and indeed the whole Island is very populous subject to Earthquakes which forceth them to build low The Jews have three Synagogues the Dominicans and other Religious three Monasteries the Episcopal See of Cephalonia and Zante is the same the two Islands making but one Diocese the City Zante may contain twenty or twenty five thousand Inhabitants There is only one River in the Island whose Communication with the Sea makes it Salt and one plentiful spring of sweet water But the great number of its Jacynths
gives occasion to some to derive its Name from them See Mr. Wheeler pag. 39. Zanzibar an Island of the Aethiopick Ocean in Africa Zaquismael Susiana a Province of Asia Zara Jadera an ancient Roman City and Port in Dalmatia called by the Sclavonians Zadar It is an Archbishops See upon the Adriatick One hundred and eighty Miles from Venice to the East one hundred from Pola and forty from Sebenico It belonged anciently to the Kingdom of Hungary and was sold to the Venetians with the little Islands its dependencies in 1409 by Ladislaus King of Hungary and Naples for an hundred thousand Duckats Besides the strength of its situation being encompassed with the Sea and only communicating with the Continent by a Draw-Bridge defended by six Bastions the Venetians have bestowed much in artificial Fortifications Long. 39. 23. Lat. 44. 43. Zarnata a Town in the Province of Tzaconia in the Morea upon an agreeable eminence in a Figure almost Circular rendered both by art and nature a place of great consideration The Turkish Garrison consisted of six hundred Men when it Capitulated with General Morosini in 1685. But the Aga who commanded in fear of his head passed over to the Venetian Territories Zarmisogethusa or Zarmis the Capital City of the ancient Kingdom of Dacia in the Reign of Decebalus Trajan caused it to be called after his Conquest of Dacia Vlpia Trajana There is an ancient Inscription which writes Colonia Vlpia Trajana Augusia Dacia Zarmis wherein both its ancient names are preserved Zatmar Zatmarium a strong City amongst the Mountains in the Vpper Hungary upon the River Samos near the Borders of Transylvania ten German Miles from Great Waradin to the North and fourteen from Tockay to the East This is the Capital of a County of the same name and has ever been in the Hands of the Emperor as King of Hungary only in 1680. Teckley took it Zator Zatoria a Town in the Palatinate of Cracow in Poland upon the Vistula where the Skawda falls into it which is the Capital of a Dukedom Six Polish Miles from Cracow to the West in the Borders of Silesia Zayolha or Zavolha a Hord of Tartars in the desert Tartary towards the Obb and the North Sea Zea. This Island of the Archipelago is Mountainous on the North and South Coasts on the East it has a secure and large Harbour In the midst of it a City of its own name which is a Bishops See of the Greek Church the Bishop divides his Residence betwixt this Island and Thermia It produces good Wine and trades much in Silk Anciently adorned with four Cities and thence called Tetrapolis See Cea Zeb Zebum Zebes a Town and Region in Biledulgerid in Africa Zecaro a River of Portugal Zeelandt See Seelandt Zeila a City in the Kingdom of Adel in Africa at the Mouth of the Red Sea seated upon the Outlet of a River of the same Name which affords it the convenience of a good Harbor It stands over against Aden Long. 75. 00. Lat. 10. 35. Zeilan Ophir Taprobana a great Island in the East-Indies to the East of the Cape of Malabar called also Ceylan and Ceylam by the Spaniards by the Inhabitants Tenarisin It is of an Oval Form six hundred and fifty Miles in circuit contains nine Kingdoms The principal of which is the Kingdom of Candy seated in the middle of the Island This place produceth Spice in great abundance which has drawn the Dutch to settle here They have possessed themselves of Columbo and Negombo which belonged before to the Portuguese There is lately published an exact Account of this Island in English by a Person who lived there many years Zeitz Zitia a small City in Misnia in the Vpper Saxony upon the River Elster four German Miles from Altenburg and five from Leypsick Heretofore a Bishops See now removed to Naumburg under the Bishop of which Diocese it is Zela or Ziela an ancient City of Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia famous in the Wars of Caesar for his sudden Victory here over Pharnacâ—s K. of Pontus Son of Mithridates the Great It became since Christianity a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Amasia and now said to retain its name tho not its honour under the Turks The Veni Vidi Vici of Caesar in his Letter to the Senate understands the Victory here Zelandia Zelandt is a small Province of the Vnited Netherlands heretofore an Earldom It consists of five Islands at the Mouth of the Schelde which are Walcheren Zud Bevelandt Nort Bevelandt Schowen and Duvelandt These Islands have been much greater than now being in part drowned by several great Inundations especially in 1304 and 1509. They lie between Holland to the North Brabant to the East Flanders to the South and the German Sea to the West The Capital of this State is Middleburgh The rest are Flushing Ziriczee Goes and Tolen There are about one hundred and two Villages in it New Zelandt is a part of the South Continent discovered by the Hollanders in 1654 extending from North to South But whether it be not an Island is not yet certainly known Zelbecdibes the Greater Armenia Zelia an ancient City of Troas in Mysia in Asia the less it stood near Cyzicus upon an eminence surrounded with Plains and Mountains Zell Cella a small City in the Dukedom of Lunenburgh upon the River Aller six German Miles from Brunswick seven from Hildisheim to the North and five from Newstadt to the East It is a strong place and has a Noble Castle which is the Seat of a Duke Zell Hammerspach Cella a small City in Schwaben upon the River Nagolt which is a free Imperial City under the Protection of the House of Austria five Miles from Stutgard to the West Nova Zembla a Northern Region first discovered by the Hollanders in 1594. in their search for a passage to the East-Indies by China separated from Moscovy by those Streights they then called We gats Streights In 1596. Aug. 29. they Landed upon the North Coast of it and were there detained whilst their Vessels lay engaged in Ice to June 29. 1597. under continual night from Novemb. 4. to the beginning of February excessive cold and in a desart quarter of the Country where three of their Seamen were devoured by Wild Bears and Wolves It is an inhabited Country But whether an Island of the Frozen Sea or joyned to the Great Tartary Eastward none have discovered Zemblin a Town and County of the Vpper Hungary Zembra a Lake and River in Monomoapa in Africa Zemonico a Fortress in Dalmatia seven Miles from Zara lost to the Turks from the Venetians in 1573 but taken and dismantled by the Venetians in 1647. And the Turks in vain attempted to reestablish themselves in it in 1682. Zenne See Senne Zenopolis a City of the ancient Pamphylia in Ajia Minor which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia and mentioned in the first General Council at Constantinople The Emperour Zeno enlarged and gave his name
Tract of Sobarbe which has sometime born the Title of a Kingdom Ainzia a Tract in the County of Buchan in Scotland Aire Aturum the chief Town of Gascoine and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux it stands upon the River Adour in the Borders of the County of Armagnac four Aquitane Leagues above S. Sever and sixteen from Bajonne Aire Aria called by the Flandrians Arien by the Spaniards Ere it is a strong City in Artois seated in a Marsh upon the River Leye which falls into the Scheld at Gaunt taken by the French in 1641. and presently recovered by the Spaniards but it was retaken â— the French in 1676. and is now in their possession by the Treaty of Nimeguen It is 12 Leagues from Bologn to the East Aire Aeria by the Scotch Ayr is a small City and Sheriffdom in Scotland upon Dunbritain-Frith on the West of that Kingdom it stands 22 Scotch Miles from Donbritoun South-West Airu a River of Scotland which springs from the Mountains of Mar and unites with the Spei in Buchan The City Aire stands upon it Airy Airiacum a Village in Burgundy in Auxerrois near Clamecy Here was a National Council held in 1020. under Pope Benedict VIII Aisaâ—ce a small River in Normandy which joyns the Colsnon below d'Autrain Aisne Axona a River of France riseth in the Dukedom of Barois and flowing through the Provinces of Champagne and the Territory of Argonne and that of Soissons cuts the City of Soissons in two parts and at last ends in the River Oise a little East of Compeigne in the Isle of France Aix Aquae Sextiae a City of Provence in France It was a Roman Colony and is now an Archbishops See and the Seat of the Parliament of that Province a fair growing Town seated in a large Plain upon a small Rivolet about 15 Leagues from Arles and 13 from Avignon to the East Aix in Savoy an antient City at the foot of the Mountains between Chambery Annecy and Rumilly giving the Title of a Marquess It is famous for Mineral Waters Aix la Chapelle Aquisgranum called by the Germans Aaâ—b by the Dutch Aken by the French Aix by the Italians Aquisgrana it is an Imperial free City of Germany in the Circle of Westphalia within the Borders of the Dukedom of Juliers under which Prince it now is Charles the Great of France died here Jan. 24. 814. and here he was buried having been the Restorer of this City after Attila the King of the Huns had ruin'd it It was almost intirely ruin'd by Fire again in 1656. but is now rebuilding In 1658. there was a famous Peace made here between the present Kings of France and Spain Divers Councils have been held here This City stands 8 German Miles from Cologn 7 from Liege in a low place almost incircled with Hills Aizu a Province of Japan with a Town of the same Name which is one of the best in the Country Akerhuys a Sea-port Town in the County of Aggerhuys not above 15 Miles from Christianstadt in Norway Akerman Alba a City of Moldavia Akersondt an Island belonging to Norway in the German Ocean over against the Cape of Shagen Akertewe a City in the Isle of Maragnan on the Coast of Brasil Akill Achill Achillia a small Island on the Coast of Connaught in Ireland over against the County of Mayo Akroczim a City in the Palatinate of Mazovia in Poland fortifyed with a Castle Aksteede Acsteda a small City upon the River Lun in the Dutchy of Bremen in Saxony under the Swedes Akza a River of Georgia in Asia Al a River of Prussia believed by some to be the Guttalus of Pliny Alahanda See Eblaba Alacranes Islands infested with Scorpions in the New America 20 Leagues from Jucutan Aladuli the Turkish Name of Armenia major Alagon a River of Spain in the Province of Estremadura and Kingdom of Leon it falls into the Taio a little above Alcantara as Rodericus Sylva saith Alaine a small River in the Province of Nivernois in France Alais Alesia a City of Languedoc upon the River Guerdon at the foot of the Mountain Cevennes 10 Leagues from S. Esprit to the East Alalcomene Alalcomenium an antient City of Boeotia famous for a Statue of Minerva and the Tomb of Tiresias Afterwards call'd Ithaca says Plutarch and the Birth-place of Vlysses Alan a small River in Cornwal in England it falls into the Irish Sea at Padstow at the Head of it is a small Village called Camelford where King Arthur is reported to have been slain in Battel Padstow lies about 17 Miles West from Launceston Aland an Island of the Baltick Sea at the entrance of the Botner Sea under the Dominion of the King of Sweden Alar a River of Persia in Hyrcania falling into the Caspian Sea Alarcan Illarco a Town in New Castile in Spain Alares an antient People of Pannonia Tacit. Alaschâ—hir Hipsius Vpsu an antient City of Phrygia and sometime the See of a Suffragan Bishop Alatri Alatrium Alatrinum a City of Campania in Italy and a Bishops See dependent immediately on the Pope Mentioned by the Antients Alava a small Territory in Biscay in Spain Alba or Albe Alba Pompeia a City of Monferrat upon the River Tangro it is an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Millan heretofore subject to the Duke of Mantua but taken from him in 1631. by a Treaty of Peace and ever since under the Duke of Savoy This City of latter times having suffered great changes is reduced into a consumptive State for want of Inhabitants It is distant from Aste 12 Miles to the South Albana a City of Albania in Asia with a Port to the Caspian Sea Albania an antient Province upon the Caspian Sea in Asia Westward now call'd Zuirie under the Turks § Also a Province of Turkey in Europe which was antiently the Western part of Macedonia and part of Illyrium upon the Adriatique Ocean reduced under the Dominion of the Turks by Mahomet 2. It s chief Cities are Croia Durazzo c. The Inhabitants for the most part are Christians of the Greek Church Albany Albania call'd in Scotland Braid-Albin is a Dukedom in the highest part of Scotland as the Name imports the Seat of the Old Scots upon the declining Western part of Mount Grampus next Lorn and Argile Charles I. in his Infancy at two years of age was created Duke of Albany This Title was also conferred on the Lord Darnly his Grandfather and given by Charles I. to his Second Son afterwards James II. Albano Alba Longa the Mother of Rome from which it lies about 12 Miles It has been ruin'd many Ages It stood betwixt a Lake and a Mountain of the same Name There has been another Albano built near its Ruines which is a Bishops See a Principality and the Title of a Cardinal § Also a City with the Title of a Principality in the Kingdom of Naples Albanopolis an antient City of Macedonia in Greece Alba Julia. See Weissenburg
and Forli to the South twenty Miles from Ravenna to the West It is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ravenna and under the Dominion of the Pope only famous for Earthen Ware The French call it Faience Faience Faventia a small City in Provence in France upon the River Benzon three Leagues from Grasse to the West and six from the Mediterranean Sea The Bishops of Frejus are Lords of it The French call Faenza in Italy Faience Faire-Foreland Robodigum the most North-East Country of Ireland in the County of Antrim in the Province of Vlster Faire-Isle a Rock in the Caledonian Sea between the Orkneys and Shetland in which is the Castle Dumo Fairford a Market-Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Brittlesbarrough Fakenham a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Gallow. Falaise Fallesia Falesia a Town in Normandy upon the River Ante which falls into the Dive at Morteaux seven Leagues from Caen to the South and four from Argentan to the North-West The principal Seat and Garrison of the first Dukes of Normandy William the Conqueror Natural Son of Robert II. Duke of Normandy was born here This Place was taken by the English from the French in 1417. There is now a round high Tower standing in it Cape Falcon a Promontory West of Oran in Barbary Falconara Assinarius a River of Sicily It flows by the Town of Noto and falls into the Ionian Sea between the Cape of Passaro Pachynum and the City of Syracuse ten Miles from the Cape to the North and twenty five from the City to the South This River is made famous by the Defeat of the Athenian Forces here by the Syracusans in the Year of the World 3537. which Victory being gained by the Assistance of the Lacedemonians they took the Advantage of it and at last in 3546. took Athens under Lysander Faleria Faleris a ruined City of the Province of Tuscany in Italy mentioned by the Ancients The Episcopal See which it possessed formerly was transferred to Civita Castellana a City built nigh the Ruins of this Falernus a Mountain of Campagna di Roma in Italy famous for the excellent Wines growing upon it which animated the ancient Poets so often to sing its Praises Falisci an ancient People of Hetruria in Italy who made War a considerable time with the Romans their Neighbours till reduced by Camillus in the Year of Rome 360. They are said to have come hither out of Macedonia The Capital of their Dominions was the ancient Faleria Falkenburg or Valkenburg a small Town in Brabant upon the River Geule two Leagues from Maestricht to the East and four from Aquisgrane It was under the Dominion of the Hollanders till 1672. when it was taken by the French and dismantled But in 1678. returned under them again with Maestricht This Town is called by the French Fauquemont and in Antoninus his Itinerary Coriovallum Falkland a small Town in Scotland in the County of Fife beautified with an ancient Retiring House of their Kings and very commodious for the Pleasure of Hunting Fallekoping or Falcoping Falcopia a Town in the Province of Westrogothia in the Kingdom of Sweden five or six Leagues from Scaren Falmouth Voluba a noble Haven on the South of Cornwal as great as Brundusium in Italy and as safe an hundred Ships may ride in it out of sight each of other secured by two Castles at its entrance built by Henry VIII In 1664. Charles II. Created Charles Lord Barkley Earl of Falmouth who was slain at Sea June 2. 1665. George Fitz-Roy now Duke and Earl of Northumberland was Created Vicount Falmouth by the same Prince Octob. 1. 1673. The old Roman Town Voluba from which it had its name is now totally ruined and gone it stood higher up into the Land upon the River Valle over against Tregony Falster Falstria Insula Dianae an Island in the Baltick Sea on the South of the Isle of Zeeland from which it is parted only by a narrow Channel called Groene-Sund It has one Town call'd Nykoping and gives name to a good Family in Denmark Faluga-diabete a small Island belonging to Sardinia on the West of that Island Famagosta Fama Augusta called by the French Famagouste is a very strong City in the Island of Cyprus on the Eastern Shoar which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Nicosia and was of old called Arsinoe This City has a large and a safe Port And was taken by the Genouese in 1370. By the Venetians about 1470. and by the Turks from the Venetians in the Year 1571. after a Siege of ten Months Famar or Fanar a Town at the Entrance of the Black Sea in Thrace four German Miles North of Constantinople Famar Arietis Frons Criumetopon the most Southern Cape of the Little or Krim Tartary Tanricia which lies an hundred and fifty Miles from Constantinople to the North-East Famastro Amastrus a City upon the Euxine or White Sea upon the East Side of the River Dolap fifty Miles from Scutari East and the same from Amasia North-West It grew up out of the Ruins of four neighbouring Cities to a vast greatness Fanar Acheron a River and Town of Epirus Fanari-Kiosc a Royal Pleasure House belonging to the Grand-Seignior one League Distant from Constantinople and Galata at the Entrance of the Streights of Constantinople near the Port of Chalcedon in Natolia Built by Solyman II. Vessels arriving upon this Coast by Night are lightned by a Fanal from hence Fano Fanum Fortunae an Episcopal City in the States of the Church in the Dukedom of Vrbino but not of it twenty Miles from Vrbino to the East and thirty seven from Ancona to the North. This was the Country of Clement VIII his Father a Florentine living here as an Exile The Temple of Fortune which the Romans built in Memory of their Victory over Asdrubal the Brother of Hannibal in the Year of Rome 547. wherein they slew Asdrubal himself with 50000 Men did stand near this City Fanshere a River in the Island of Madagascar Fantin a small Kingdom in Guiney in Africa where the English and Dutch have some Castles Fanu an Island near Corfu to the North-West Fara Pharan a City and Mountain in the Stony Arabia upon the Red-Sea twenty Miles from Sues South and from Eltor North over against Dacata in Aegypt Farfar Fabris a small River in the State of the Church It riseth near a Castle called Capo Farfar and running to the North-East it watereth a Monastery of the same Name then falls into the Tibur § Farfar Farfaro Fer Orontes a River of Syria which ariseth from Mount Libanus and running Northward it watereth Apamia and the great Antioch then falls into the Mediterranean Farham a Market-Town in the County of Southampton The Capital of its Hundred Faribo Helicon Haliarkmon one of the most considerable Rivers of Macedonia which rising out of the Mountains of Albania and traversing the whole breadth of that Kingdom from thence falls into the Bay
in the Province of Languedoo in the Territory of Givaudan upon the River Colange towards the Borders of Rouergne seven Leagues from S. Flour in Auvergne to the South and almost four from Mende the Capital of Givandan to the West some write it Marologium Maryland a considerable Country and Colony of the English in the North America in forty deg of Latitude Bounded with Pensylvania New-England and New York to the North with the Atlantick and De la Ware Bay to the East the River Potomeck which divides it from Virginia to the South and the Indian Territories to the West It contains ten Counties The Capital Town of all is S. Maries which is well built and provided with a convenient Harbour for Shipping Masandran Hyrcania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia upon the Caspian Sea which is called the Masandran Sea also from this Province as it was before the Hyrcanian Sea There is a City in this Province of the same Name Masano Massalia a River in the Isle of Candy or Crete Masay Misauci Pagus Mosanus a Canton amongst the Grisons called by the Inhabitants Maeslandt Masbate one of the Philippine Islands which is under the Spaniards Mascalate a City in Arabia Foelix about sixty Miles from the Shoars of the Persian Gulph which is the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name Long. 85. 10. Lat. 24. 10. Mascate a City together with a Sovereign Principality on the South-Eastern Shoar of Arabia Foelix upon the Gulph of Ormus which has a convenient Haven and a strong Castle built by the Portuguese who for a long time were Masters of it but some few years since were beaten out by the King of Mascate Long. 94. 00. Lat. 24. 27. Mascon Matiscona Matisco a City of France in the Dukedom of Burgundy which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lyon and has a Territory belonging to it of the same Name It stands upon a rising ground upon the River Saone in the Borders of the Province of Bresse and it has a Stone Bridge over the Saone Eleven Miles saith Baudrand from Lyon to the North and Challon to the South Long. 26. 07. Lat. 46. 00. according to the newest Maps Le Masconois is a small Territory in the South part of the Dukedom of Burgundy to which it is annexed for ever whereas heretofore it had Counts of its own it lies between the Territory of Challon to the North Beaujolois to the South La Bresse to the East and Foretz to the West Maseyck See Maeseyck Masfa a City in Arabia Foelix in the inland parts three hundred Miles from Ormus and two hundred from Mascate to the West The same with that which was called of old Maspha as some think and now the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name Long. 90. 00. Lat. 23. 00. Masham a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Hangeast upon the River Youre Masiers Maderiacum a strong City in the Province of Champaign seated upon the East Side of the Maes which almost surrounds it about half a League from Charleville to the South-East four from Sedan to the West six from Bouillon to the North and fifteen from Namur to the South It is now in a thriving state Masotto the same with Masano a River in Candy Masovie Mazovia a Province in the Kingdom of Poland the Capital of which is Warsaw called by the Poles Mazowskie by the Germans Masaw and by the French Masovie On the East it has Lithuania on the North Prussia on the West the Greater Poland and on the South the Lesser Poland It is divided into four Palatinates which have their Names from the Cities of Mazow Ploczko Dobrin and Podlach This was once a separate and independent Dukedom which submitted to the Crown of Poland under Casimir the Great but continued under its own Duke till the year 1526. when upon the Death of John and Stanislaus the two last Dukes it was united under Sigismond I. King of Poland to that Kingdom Massa or Massa di Carrara Massa Carraiae a Town in Italy between the Dukedom of Florence and the State of Genoua great and well peopled lately adorned with the Title of a Dukedom it being also a small Sovereignty twelve Miles from Sarasana to the South-East twenty five from Lucca to North-West and three from the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea Most famous for its excellent Quarries of Marble Massa di Sorriento Massa Lubrensis a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Terra di Lavoro which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sorriento small and not much inhabited It stands twenty Miles from Naples to the South on the opposite Shoar of the Bay of Naples and about nine from the Town of Capri to the North-East Built in 1465. in a place of great height and natural Strength Massa Massa Veternensis a small City in the Territory of Siena in Italy within five Miles of the Tyrrhenian Sea thirty five from Siena to the South-West and twenty from Piombino to the North-East made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Siena in the stead of Populonium a ruined City on this Shoar called Porto Barbato yet it is very small Built upon a Hill under the Dominion of the Duke of Florence The Dukedom of Massa is a small Territory between the States of Genoua to the West the Dukedom of Florence to the North the States of Lucca to the East and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the South under its own Duke who is of the House of Cibo whereas before it was but a Principality The principal places are Massa and Cararia which last though very small is a Marquisate and lies five Miles from Sarasana to the South thirty from Pisa to the North. Massagetae an ancient Scythian people Some place them about the Palus Moeotis and the Euxine Sea Others towards the Mountain Imaus and the Country now called Zagathai in Tartary They dwelt in Tents and sacrificed to the Sun Masserano Massoranum a small Town in Piedmont upon a Hill sixteen Miles from Iurea to the East and eight from Vercelli to the North. This is the Capital of a Principality under its own Prince who is under the Protection of the Pope He has Crevacore and some other places of small importance Masulepatan Musulepatanum a City and Sea-Port in the Hither East-Indies on the Shoars of the Bay of Bengala in the Kingdom of Golconda which has a convenient Harbour and a Castle heretofore in the hands of the Portuguese Mataca a Bay on the North side of the Island of Cuba in America where all the Spanish Galeons in their return to Spain touch for Water and where the Dutch defeated a Fleet of those Galeons richly laden in 1627. Mataman a Kingdom of Africa to the West of the Aethiopick Ocean betwixt Caffreria and the Kingdom of Angola and towards the River Verte Matan one of the Philippine Islands in the East-Indian Ocean where the famous Magellan some say died It
had heretofore Kings of its own till the Portugueze expelled them But of late the Natives have expelled the Portugueze Matane a Country in Africa East of the Island of Madagascar where the French have some time since established Colonies Matapan Taenarus the most Southern Cape of all Europe in the Morea provided with two good Ports betwixt which the Turks in 1570. built a Fortress to bridle the Mainotes called Castro di Maini But the Venetians soon after destroyed it to favour the Mainotes with their Liberty again Mataya a Province towards the River of Amazons in South America betwixt the Mouth of the Rivers Madera and Tapaysa where they both fall into the River of Amazons Matayone a Dutchy in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples supposed to be the Magdalonum or the Meta Leonis of the Ancients Matera Mateola a City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples in the Borders of the Basilicate and of the Territory of Bari upon the River Canapro seated in a Valley surrounded on all sides with Mountains This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari and now in a very good state it stands thirty six Miles from Taranto to the North-West and twenty five from Bari to the South-West Long. 40. 45. Lat. 40. 42. Materan or Materaw Materanum a great City on the South Side of the Isle of Iava in the East-Indies one hundred Leagues from Bantam to the East The Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name of great extent from East to West And once the Capital City of the whole Island of Iava Long. 135. 40. Southern Lat. 8. 20. Matharee or Matheree a sweet and delicious Seat two Leagues from Cairo in Aegypt concerning which the Cophtite Christians entertain a Tradition that the Blessed Virgin with the young Child reposed for some time there in their flight from Herod into this Kingdom Matin Mathis a River of Macedonia which falls into the Gulph of Venice near Durazzo Matique Matica a Province in Florida towards the Apalatean Hills Matâ—agia Messene a very ancient but ruined City in the Morea on the Southern Shoar towards the West Matzuma a Country in the Land of Jesso lately discovered by the Hollanders between Japan and Tartary which has a City of the same name See Jesso Maudre Modre Maldra a small River in the Isle of France which ariseth near Montfort and falls into the Seyne at Mayenne Maulcon a Town in Biscay Mauleon de Soule Malleo Mauleosolium a Town in the Pais des Basques in France The Capital of the Viscounty of Soule Mauli a River in Sicily See il fiume di Ragusa Mauâ—ve See Mauve Mauren-Haer Sogdiana a Province on the North-East of Persia Mauriac Mauriacum a Mountain in Auvergne Maurice Mauritia a City in Brasil in Pernambuck built by John Maurice Prince of Nassaw in 1644. The Capital of the Dutch Plantations in those Countries afterwards taken by the Portuguese This City stands upon the River Biberibi a little above its Mouth two Spanish Leagues from Olinda to the South and has a safe Port near Reciff It was called by the Dutch Mauritzstadt Maurienne a Valley or Province of Savoy extended from the Alpes to the River Isere on the one side and from la Tarantaise to Dauphine on the other It s Capital City is S. Jean de Maurienne an Episcopal See upon the River Arche This Valley has been honoured with the Title of an Earldom above six Ages since and some are of opinion that it anciently was the Seat of the Brannovices mentioned by Caesar Mauritania an ancient large Region of Africa which now lies contained within the Western part of Barbary They divided it into Caesariensis Tingitana and Sitifensis Mauritania Caesariensis had Getulia to the South the Mediterranean Sea to the North Tingitana to the West and Sitifensis to the East and is now almost wholly included in the West of the Kingdom of Algiers Mauritania Tingitania was bounded on all sides by the Atlantick and Mediterranean Oceans together with Caesariensis and Getulia And in the time of the Emperour Constantine was called by the Spaniards Mauritania Transfretana The name of Tingitana came from the City Tingi now Tangier Mauritania Sitifensis had for its bounds Numidia to the East Caesariensis to the West the Mediterranean to the North and Gaetulia to the South And the Eastern part of the present Kingdom of Algiers stands in this Mauritania Mauritz-Mylandt Cygnea an Island in the Aethiopian Sea upon the Coast of Africa called Docerne by the Portuguese who first discovered it See Isle Maurice Long. 80. Lat 20. South Mauritzlandt a part of America Magellanica in the Land of Fire on the South of the Streights of Magellan most extended to the East of those Streights and first discovered by the Hollanders in 1616. It had this name from the Prince of Orange who occasioned the Discovery Maurothalassa the Euxine Sea Maurum Taurus a Mountain in Asia Mauve Malva a small River in the Dukedom of Orleance which falls into the Loyre at Mehun four Leagues beneath Orleans to the West Baudrand writes Mauâ—ve St Maws a Borough and Market Town in the County of Cornwal in the Hundred of Powder returning two Members to the House of Commons Maxi Loryma or Laryma a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia over against the Isle of Rhodes which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rhodes from whence it stands twenty Miles to the North. Mayence See Mentz Mayenne Meduana a fine City in the Province of Maine upon the River Mayne six Leagues from the Borders of Normandy towards Anjou twenty Miles from Angiers to the North the same distance from Dol in Bretagne to the East and from Rennes to the North-East This City is honoured with the Title of a Dukedom Mayn Meyn Moenus a River of Germany which ariseth from a double Spring in Mount Fichtelburg called Meiss-Mayn White Mayne and Rot-Mayn Red Mayn which two uniting in one Stream at Culembach and flowing Westward near Bamberg it receives the Rednitz Wareres Swinefurt Wurtsburg and Vertheim then cutting Franconia into two parts it passeth by Asburg and Franckfort augmented with the Saal Tauber and some smaller Rivers into the Rhine near but above Mentz Gustavus Adolphus laid a Bridge of Boats over this River which has not been-since continued See Mentz La Mayne Mayenne or Majene Meduana a River of France which ariseth in the Territory of Seez in the Borders of Normandy and flowing South through Maine watereth the City of Mayenne La Val the Castle of Gontier where it entereth Anjou and a little above Angiers being augmented with the Sartre and the Loir it falls into the great Loire above Nants twelve Leagues to the East Mayo Maii Insula an Island on the Coast of Africa in the Atlantick Ocean one of those that belongs to Cape Verde and famous for its Salt Works It is under the Portuguese Long. 366. 4. Lat. 50. 00. North. Mayo
Greek Christians who ever since the third Century have been planting their solitary Settlements here So that in the former Christian times this Mountain with Horeb had as many Chappels upon it as employed fourteen thousand Hermits to serve them but the Turks have reduced that number since The Israelites lay encamped a whole year about this Mountain Singara an ancient City in Mesopotamia near a Mountain of the same Name now said to be called Atalis It saw a severe Battel betwixt the Armies of the Emperour Constantius and Sapores II. King of Persia in 349. Singen two Villages upon Rocks almost inaccessible within a quarter of a Mile from one another in the Dukedom of Wirtemburgh in Schwaben in Germany near the Castle of Hoentwiel Sinopi Sinope a celebrated City of Paphlagonia in the Lesser Asia upon the Euxine Sea which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Amisum Seated upon a small River of the same Name having two Harbors Built by Macritius a Coan about the year of Rome 125 and fell not into the Romans hands till they had conquered Mithridates who had a Palace here After this it became a Colony In later times subject to its own Bishop from whom it was ravished by the Turks who call it Sinabe It has had yet the good fortune to preserve it self in a tolerable State under those devouring Enemies of Mankind Long. 64. 00. Lat. 45. 00. Valerius Flaccus intimates its ancient Splendor where he says Assyrios complexa sinus stat opima Sinope Diogenes the Cynick Philosopher was its Native Sinuessa an antient Roman Colony in the Campagna di Roma in Italy which Ptolemy calls Soessa and Livy Synope It became afterwards a Bishop's See but is now ruined and Rocca di Mondragone is built in the place of it Baronius refers the Council in 30â— that was held in the affair of P. Marcellinus to this City Sion Sèdunum a City ascribed by Pliny to Gallia Narbonensis now the Capital of Valais and called by the Germans Sitten It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Moutiers en Tarontaise in a pleasant Plain having only one Hill on the East side on which stand three Castles in one of them the Bishop resides There is a small River runs by it called Sitta which after falls into the Rhosne It stands fifteen Miles from Bearne to the South and fifty five from Geneva to the East The Bishop is the Sovereign of the City Earl of Valais and a Prince of the Empire who for his security is Leagued with the Seven Catholick Cantons of the Swiss the Pretensions of the Duke of Savoy to his Country having formerly occasioned long and bloody Wars The See did reside at Martigny in Chablais till the ruine of that Place and then it came to be translated hither Charles the Great about the year 802 bestowed these great Privileges upon this See Sion a Mountain and Cittadel in the ancient Jerusalem on which a part of that City was built The Knights of the Teutonick Order bore the name heretofore of the Order of our Lady of Mount Sion Sior Siorium a City in Asia the Capital of the Province of Semgad and Kingdom of Corea a Tributary Prince to the Kingdom of China It is seated sixty Leagues from the Southern Borders of that Kingdom upon a great River as Henry Hamel van Gorcum a Dutchman saith who lately published his Travels in this Kingdom This Kingdom lies to the North-East of China in a great Peninsula toward Japan and the Streights of Anian Sipbntum an old Roman Town in the Province called Capuanata in the Kingdom of Naples whose Ruines yet appear at the soot of Mount Gargano two Miles from Manfredonia It had the honour to be made an Archbishop's See but being by the Saracens in the eighth Century Earthquakes and other Misfortunes destroyed the See was removed to Manfredonia The Antients mention it under the several names of Sypus Sepius Sepus Sipontum and Sepuntum The Gulph upon the Adriatick Sea near to it took and retains its name Sirad Sirackz Siradia a City in the Greater Poland which is the Capital of a Palatinate of the same name It stands upon the River Warta six Miles from Vielun to the North twenty from Breslo to the East and forty five from Warsaw to the West Sirmish Sirmich or Zirmach Sirmis Sermium Sirmium a City of the Lower Pannonia in which Probus the Emperor was born Now called Szreim by the Natives and Sirmish by the Germans a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza and the Capital of a County called by its Name in Sclavonia It lies between the Danube to the East the Save to the South Walcowar to the North and Possega to the South This City stands fourteen German Miles from Belgrade to the West about two from the Save to the North and from Esseck to the South at the soot of Mount Almus Now by the Turks reduced to a mere Village formerly famous for two Arian Councils held under Constantius the Emperor one in 351. the other in 357. Socrat. l. 2. c. 25. Long. 43. 05. Lat. 45. 24. Photinus was then Bishop of the Place whom they deposed for a Sabellian In one they omitted the Word Consubstantial in the other they forbad both the Word and the Thing Le Siron Sirio Serio a River of Aquitain in France Situs or Sidrocapsa a City of Macedonia famous for its Silver Mines and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Thessalonica from which it stands fifty five Miles to the East towards Mount Athos Called in the latter Maps Sidrocapse but by Leunclavius Sirus Sisseg Siscia an ancient City of Pannonia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza Now a Village in Croatia with a Monastery seated upon the Save and the Colaps in the Borders of Sclavonia two Miles from Zagrab or Agram which has robbed it of the Bishops See Under the Emperor Sisteron Segâ—stero Segesteriorum Vrbs Sistarica an ancient City of Gallia Naâ—bonensis now a Bishops See in the Province of Provence in France great and populous built upon the River Durance where it receives the Buech in the Borders of Dauphiné twenty four Leagues from Orange to the East twenty six from Grenoble to the South and from Marseilles to the North-East Sittaw or Zitaw Setuja a City of Germany in Lusatia Sitten See Sion a City in Valais Sittia Cytaeum a City at the North-end of the Isle of Candy called Setia and Sitia which is a Bishops See small but very strong seated in a Peninsula and for the most part surrounded by the See it has a noble large safe Haven the Capital of a County and one of the four Cities of that Island but in Slavery under the Turks Siucheu a Territory in the Province of Nanquin in China Sixenne a Village upon the Borders of the Kingdom of Arragon in Spain famous for a Priory of the Order of S. John of Jerusalem sounded about the year 1188. by Queen
Sancha of Castile Wise to Alphonsus II. King of Arragon sirnamed the Chaste who after the Death of her Husband took the Habit her self in this House and divers Princesses with her She endowed it with large Revenues and a very considerable Jurisdiction to the Benefices and Cures whereof the Prioress at this day nominates and hath a Voice and Seat in the Provincial Chapter of Arragon The House is walled like a Fortress with a Noble Palace in it for the Residence of the Prioress who attains to her Dignity by the Election of the Religious They bear the name also of the Ladies of Malta as owing Fidelity and Obedience by Oath to the Great Master of the Knights of Malta from which though they substracted about the year 1470. to put themselves immediately under the Pope Yet in 1569. they returned again to it fearing otherwise to fall under the Spiritual Jurisdiction of the Bishop of Lerida The persons admitted must make proof of their quality as Ladies They wear a large Cross in white Silk upon their Breasts and in time of Office bear in their hands a Silver Scepter as the Badges of their Order Skeningrave a small Sea-Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire West from Mulgrave Castle The Seal-Fish appear in great Shoals about the Rocks here Skipton a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Staincliff and the Tract of Craven upon a Stream falling into the River Are. Skofde Skofda a small City in Westrogothia in Sweden Skye Skia an Island on the West of Scotland fifty Miles in length from East to West It lies about three Miles from the Shoars of Rosse to the West and has never a Town or City of Note Sladitza Osmus a River of Bulgaria The Sleeve the Sea between France and England or the Streights of Calais Slawkow Slaukovia a City in Bohemia in Moravia called by the Germans Austerlitz it stands five Miles from Olmitz to the South Sleaford a large well inhabited Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Flaxwell near the Head of a Stream of its own name falling into the Witham It shews the ruined Walls of a Castle which it had in former times Slego Slegum a Town and County in Conaught in Ireland on the Western Shoar Sleswick Slesvicum a City of Denmark heretofore called Hedeba and Slietory It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden and the Capital of a Dutchy of the same Name seated upon the River Sleie which falls into the Baltick Sea four German Miles from the Mouth of that River to the West between Flensburg to the North and Rensburg to the South sixteen Miles from Lubeck and Hamburg to the North. Its Bishoprick was instituted in 948. by Harald Blaâ—tland and extinguished in 1556. by Frederick II. King of Denmark Once an Imperial and Free City but now exempt and under the Duke of Holstein Gotthorp Long. 32. 45. Lat. 54. 55. The Dukedom of Sleswick Slesvicensis Ducatus is a part of the Cimbrica Chersonesus sometimes called South Jutland On the East it is bounded by the Baltick Sea on the South by Holstein on the West by the German Ocean and on the North by Jutland John Buno denies it to be any part of Holstein or Germany but saith it is a Fife of the Crown of Denmark Lotharius the Emperor created Canutus Duke of S' eswick King of the Vandals in 1130. Christian Son of Theodorick Oldemburg King of Denmark united this and Holstein to the Crown of Denmark in 1566. Christian IV. granted it to the Duke of Holstein in 1589. but as a Feudatary and Subject of the Crown of Denmark By the Treaty of Roschild in 1658. this Dukedom was declared a Sovereign State by the Procurement of the Swedes the Affairs of Denmark requiring then a Compliance with the Demands of that Victorious Nation But the Crown of Denmark taking the advantage of better times forced this Duke to become a Subject of Denmark again by a Treaty made at Flensburg in 1675. which last Treaty has been endeavoured to be rescinded and that of Roschild confirmed by the Swedes and other of the Northern Princes Slonim Slonima a small City in Lithuania in the Palatinate of Novogrod eight Polish Miles from that City to the South upon the River Sezura Sluczk Slucum a Town in Lithuania honoured with the Title of a Dukedom great and populous but for the most part built only of Timber upon a River of its own name It stands in the Palatinate of Novogrod fifteen Polish Miles North from the Borders of Polesia Constantine Duke of Ostrog in the Reign of Sigismund I King of Poland defeated three great Armies of the Tartars in a Fight of three days continuance near this place Sluys Slusa Clausulae a small but very strong Town in Elanders about one League from the Ocean four from Midleburg to the South-East and three from Bruges Taken by the Dutch in 1604. from the Spaniards and ever since in their hands Smaland Smalandia a County of Gothland under the Swedes between Westrogothia to the West Bleking to the South the Baltick Sea to the East and Ostrogothia to the North. The principal Places in it are Calmar Jonckoping and Wexsio Smalkalde Smalcalda a City in Franconia in Germany in the County of Henneneberg under the Duke of Hess-Cassel not above one German Mile from the River Werra four from Isenach and six from Erford to the North-West Particularly regardable on the account of a League made and confirmed here by the Protestant Princes in the years successively 1530. 1531. 1535. and 1537. against Charles V. Wherein besides thirty Lutheran Cities which had embraced the Confession of Ausbourgh the Kings of Sweden and Denmark the Dukes of Brunswick Pomerania and Wirtembourgh the young Marquess of Brandenbourgh the Elector of Saxony Landtgrave of Hesse and other Princes by times engaged and whereas the Pope had convocated what they desired a free Council at Mantoua these in their Assembly in 1537. whereat Luther and Melancthon assisted answered They would never consent to a Council out of Germany In 1547. Charles V. dissipated all the Forces of this League in one Campaign taking the Elector of Saxony and the Landtgrave of Hesse Prisoners But in 1552. having recruited themselves again they obliged Charles V. to conclude the Peace of Passaw whereby Lütheranism was authoritatively established in Germany Smolensko Smolentum one of the principal Cities of Poland and the Capital of a Palatinate It stands upon the Borysthenes in White Russia in Lithuania near the Borders of Muscovy Great and very strong surrounded by a Wall eight Cubits broad at the top strengthened by fifty two great Towers and a very strong Castle It contains about eight thousand Houses and was once much greater subject at first to a Russian Duke who was the Sovereign of it but conquered by Vitondus Duke of Lithuania in 1403. Casimirus II. King of Poland subjected it to that Crown in 1452. The Russ took it in 1514.
Abbat a Territory which lies between the Bishoprick of Leige and the Dukedom of Limburgh and Luxemburgh Stavern Stavera a small City of Friseland under the United Provinces in Westergow upon the Zuyder Zee four German Miles from Enchusen to the North and six from Vollenhove to the South-West It is a Sea-Port Town included in the Hanse League of old the Seat of the Kings of Friseland Steenberg Stenoberga a City in the Dukedom of Brabant under the Dutch and belonging particularly to the Prince of Orange Steenwick Stenovicum a Town in Over-Yssel in the Vnited Netherlands upon the River Aa in the Borders of West Friseland seventeen Miles from Zwol to the North and seven from the Zuyder Zee to the East Taken by Alexander Farnese Duke of Parma by Scalade and by the French in 1672 but deserted soon after Stegeborg Stegeburgum a small City in the Province of Ostrogothia with a Port or Harbour on the Baltick Sea under the King of Sweden sixteen Miles from Norcoping to the East Stella a Mountain in Galatia in the Lesser Asia near the City of Ancyra called by the Turks Almadag This is very remarkable for the Defeat of two great Princes in their times Mithridates who was here overthrown by Pompey the Great sixty three years before the Birth of our Saviour and Bajazet I. Emperor of the Turks here beaten and taken with his Son Musa by Tamerlane the Great in 1397. Which Victory if it had been followed by a vigorous Attack from all the Christian Princes united might by the Blessing of God have put an end to the Ottoman Family then Stenay Stenaeum Stenacum a strong City in the Dukedom of Lorain sometimes called Stathenay It lies in the Dukedom of Bar upon the Maes seven Leagues from Verdun to the North and six from Sedan to the South Taken by the French in 1654 and kept by them ever since now annexed to Champagne Sterling Sterling a Town and County in Scotland sometimes called Striveling on the North it has Mentith and Fife on the South the Cluyd on the East Lothian and on the West Lenox It takes its Name from Sterling a Town upon Dunbritoun Fryth This Town was so strong that the Victorious English durst not attempt it after their Victory at Dunbar But it was taken afterwards by General Monk in 1654. Stetin Stetinum the Capital City of the Dukedom of Pomerania in Germany called by the Germans Szcecin It stands upon the Oder over which it has a Bridge and is divided by it into two equal parts eight Miles from the Baltick Sea to the South four from the Confines of Brandenburgh and forty four from Dantzick to the South-West This City grew up after the Ruin of Vineta in the Isle of Vsedom ten Miles more to the North-West from a small Village to that greatness it now enjoys by becoming the Seat of the Dukes of Pomerania who lived here many Ages in a Castle of an elegant and noble Structure Otho the Father of Barnimius I. Founder of the Line of Stetin removed hither in 1345. This Family continued the Possession of it till 1630 when Gustavus Adolphus coming before it with an Army obtained an admission partly by force and partly by the terror of his Arms Bogislaus the last of that Line dying soon after The Right of the Succession undoubtedly belonged to the Duke of Brandenburgh but the Swedes being in Possession got their Right confirmed by the Treaty of Munster and kept this City till the year 1677. When the Duke of Brandenburgh coming before it with a powerful Army after a tedious Siege took it In 1679 by the Treaty of S. Germaine it was restored to the Swedes who are still in Possession of this very strong place See Pomerania It had been before attempted by the Imperial and Brandenburgh Forces united in 1659 and baffled the designs of those great Princes Olearius Long. 38. 45. Lat. 53. 27. Stevenedge a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Broadwater Steyning or Stening a Market Town and Borough in the County of Sussex in Bramber Rape Having the privilege of the Election of two Parliament Men. Steyr Asturis a City of Austria four Miles from Lintz to the South Stift Ditio a word in the German Tongue which signifies a Dominion Country or Territory and frequently joyned with the Names of places as Stift von Luick the Dominion of Liege Stiria a Province of Germany stiled by the Inhabitants die Steyer or Steyer-marck which was a part of the Old Noricum or Vpper Pannonia towards the Muer and the Drave It is bounded on the East by Hungary on the North by Austria on the West by the Diocese of Saltzburgh and Carinthia and on the South by Carniola The Capital of it is Gratz the other Cities Cilley Kermend Marcpurg Petaw Pruckam Muer and Rakelspurg Canisa belongs also to this Province and reckoned to the Lower Hungary The Quadi were the old Inhabitants of this Country who being driven out by the Romans the Country was called Valeria in Honor of a Daughter of Dioclesian so called It was at first a Marquisate and by Frederick Barbarossa the Emperor changed into a Dukedom In length one hundred and ten Miles in breadth sixty for the most part barren being covered with the Spurs and Branches of the Alpes and rich in nothing but Minerals Ottacar the last Duke of this Province sold it to Leopold the Fifth Archduke of Austria who bought it with a part of that vast Ransom he extorted from Richard I. King of England about the year 1193. Tho it has been since granted to some younger Brothers of that Family yet it is now returned to the Emperor and not likely to be any more dismembred from the rest of the Hereditary Countries As to the Fertility of it Hoffman differs from Dr. Heylin who saith in Iron Mines it excels all the European Countries and wants nothing that is useful it abounding with Wine Corn Cattle and Salt Stirone Sisterio a small River of Lombardy in the Dukedom of Parma which watering Burgo di S. Domino falls into the Taro four Miles above its fall into the Po. Stives Thebae a City once of great Renown but now a poor Village in Greece fifty Miles from Athens to the North Sophianus calls it Thiva The Turks abandoned it after the taking of Athens to collect their Strength into one Body at Negropont Whereupon General Morosini in 1687 possessed himself of it But finding it of little use to keep he razed the Fortifications which were in great part ruined before and abandoned it also See Thebae Stocksbridge a Market Town and Borough in the County of Southampton and the Hundred of Kingombom upon the River Test Represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons Stockholm Holmia is a very great City and the Capital of the Kingdom of Sweden standing in the Province of Vpland in the Borders of Sudermania Heretofore a place of small consideration but having for the two last
Ages enjoyed the Residence of the Kings of Sweden and they having also much enlarged that Kingdom by their Conquests in Poland Germany and Moscovy it is now become a celebrated Mart rich and populous It has a Royal Castle a large and safe Port upon the disembogure of the Lake Meler secured by Forts and from the weather so protected by Rocks that the greatest Vessels may ride in the midst of it without anchor or cable It has a convenient Situation but being placed amongst many Rocks just by it the prospect of it is not very taking upon six small Islands joyned by Bridges of Wood to each other the best Peopled is called Stockholm which denominates the City also two large Suburbs one on the North and the other on the South Tho it is a place of no strength yet Christian King of Denmark could not take it when he besieged it in 1518. It stands eight Swedish Leagues from Vpsal to the South five from the Baltick Sea to the West and eighty from Dantzick and Copenhagen Long. 43. 00. Lat. 60. 30. Gustavus Adolphus and Charles Gustavus surnamed Augustus Kings of Sweden lye interred in a Church of this City But the rest of the Kings lie at Vpsal and other places Stockport or Stopford a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Macclesfield upon the River Mersey Stockton a Market Town in the Bishoprick of Durham The Capital of a Ward Stoecades Ligustides the Islands Hyeres in the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of Provence in which the Knights of Malta after their loss of Rhodes entertained thoughts of settling by the permission of the King of France The Monks had got footing upon them in Cassian's time There was a Cistercian Monastery standing in the time of P. Innocent III. The Ancients mention the principal of them by the names of Hispa Prote Pomponiana Phenice Sturium c. which now are called Teste de Can Ribaudas Ribaudon Langoustier c. This last seem to express their other ancient Name of Ligustides See Hieres Stoel-Weissemburg See Alba Regalis Stokesley a Market Town in the North-Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Langbark well watered with fresh Streams Stolhoffen Stolhoffa a City or fortified Town in Schwaben in Germany upon the Rhine in the Marquisate of Baden two German Miles from Hagenow to the East and three from Strasburg South-East Stolpe Stolpa a Town seated upon a River of the same Name in the Further Pomerania three German Miles from Lawenburg in Pomerania to the West thirteen from Colberg to the East It has an ancient Castle subject to the Duke of Brandenburgh Stone a Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill upon the Trent Stonehenge Mons Ambrosii a very venerable and ancient Monument in Whiltshire six Miles from Salisbury consisting of three Crowns or Ranks of huge unwrought Stones one within another some of which are twenty eight Foot high and seven broad upon the tops there are others laid cross and framed into them Upon a large plain scarce affording any other Stones at all in the circumferences of some Miles Mr. Cambden supposes the Art of the Ancients in making Stone of Sand and unctuous Cement was employed in this Work Because these Stones seem too vast a load for Carriages Stormaren Stormaria a Province of Holstein bounded on the North by Holstein properly so called on the East by Waggaren and Lavemburg and on the West and South by Bremen and Lunenburg cut off by the Elbe Partly subject to the King of Denmark and partly to the Duke of Holstein Gotthorp The principal Places in it are Gluckstad Crempen and Pinnenberg which are under the King of Denmark Under the Duke are Elmeshorn Steinhorst Barmsted and Reinhorst Hamburg though subject to neither of these Princes is reckoned within the Bounds of this Province by John Bunon Stow on the Wold a Market Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Slaughter § Another in the County of Suffolk the Capital of its Hundred upon the River Orwell large and beautifully built with a spacious lofty Church And driving a great Trade in Stuffs Straelsund Sundis a small but very strong City in the Hither Pomerania upon the Shoars of the Baltick Sea which has an Harbor over against the Isle of Rugen another towards Gripswald and Pomerania and a third looking toward Dumgarten and the Dukedom of Meckelburg being built in a Triangle It stands sive German Miles from Gripswald to the North ten from Anclam and about four from the Isle of Rugen secured by Marshes the Sea and three well fortified Banks Now one of the Hanse Towns but formerly a Free Imperial City and a frequented Mart. Built by the Danes in 1211 and being besieged by Count Wallestein for the Emperor who had subdued all the rest of Pomerania this small place in 1629 called Gustavus Adolphus into Germany who rescued it out of the Hands of the Imperialists and became the Master of it which was confirmed by the Peace of Munster In 1678 the Duke of Brandenburgh took and burnt this Town not leaving out of above two thousand Houses five hundred unruined by his Bombs and Fireworks He took it upon a Capitulation and the next year after by the Treaty at S. Germains it was resigned to the Swedes again Stramulipa Boeotia Attica a part of Greece the Capital of which is Thebes it lies over against the Isle of Negropont Strasburg Argentoratum the Capital City of Alsatia in Germany called by the Italians Argentina It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mentz And for many Ages a Free and Imperial City seated upon the River Ill where it falls into the Breuch one Mile from the Rhine over which it has a Timber-Bridge of vast length Eight German Miles from Brisach to the North twelve from Spire fourteen from Basil and twenty from Nancy and Metz. So very ancient that it is said to be built in the year of the World 1955 thirty three years before the Birth of Abraham which tho it may be true yet cannot be proved Tacitus and Caesar call it Tribocorum and Tribâ—cum Ptolemy Argentoratum other Latin Writers Argentina and Strasburgum It is mentioned by Ammianus Marcellinus as a Place which the Slaughter of the Barbarians by Julian the Apostate had made famous The Victory here mentioned was in the year of Christ 357. In which Julian overthrew six Barbarous Kings of the Germans and took Chodonomar the chief of them Prisoner In the year 378 Gratianus the Emperor gave the Germans another great Overthrow near this City Attila King of the Hunns took and wasted this City about the year 451. Childerick King of the Franks possessed himself of it in the year 478. S. Amand became the first Bishop of this City in the year 643. Henry II. Emperor rebuilt this City in the year 1004. The Cathedral was built in the year 1207. In the year 1332 it suffered very much by intestine Divisions between the Nobility and Populacy In
Silks and Maroquines but the Country elsewhere is extreme Sandy hot and desert About 1660. the King of this place after many Victories conquered Morocco and Fez and kept them for some time This is supposed to have been a part of the ancient Numidia Tagaste is now a desolate Village in the Province of Constantine in the Kingdom of Algiers in Barbary which heretofore was a Bishops See and famous for giving Birth to S. Augustine Tagat a fruitful Mountain two Leagues from the City Fez to the East in the Kingdom of Fez in Barbary about two Leagues in length Covered with Pines on one side and affording Land for Tillage on the other Taicheu Taicheum a City in the Province of Chekiam in China It stands upon a Mountain and is the Capital over five other Cities Tajima a Town and Province in the North part of Niphon Taillebourg a Town in the Province of Xaintonge in France upon the River Charante at which S. Louis King of France in 1242. defeated the Malecontents of his Kingdom that were risen in Arms against him Tajo Tagus one of the most celebrated Rivers of Spain It ariseth from two Fountains in New Castile but in the Borders of Arragon at the foot of Mount Vallezillo And running North it takes in the Molina then turning South-West it passeth by Pastrana to Aronjues where it admits the Tajuna with a knot of other Rivers from Madrid and Henares turning more Westerly it salutes Toledo takes in beneath it the Gaudarrama and the Alberch visits Talavera and Puente de Archobisbo where it is covered by a Bridge beneath Almaraz it receives the Guadalupo So passing by Alcantara it entereth the Kingdom of Portugal at Perdigaon and receiving the Rio Monsul and a vast number of small Brooks in that Kingdom it forms the vast Haven of Lisbon and on the South side of that City passeth into the Atlantick Ocean having from its Fountains run one hundred and ten Spanish Leagues and being at its Mouth two Spanish Leagues broad There is no River in Spain more frequently mentioned than this especially on the account of its Golden Sand by the Poets Taiping a City of the Province of Nankim upon the River Kiang in China There is another of Quantum which is now under the King of Tumkim Taitung a strong City in the Province of Xamsi in China It is the third of Note there and drives a great Trade Tajuna Tagonius a River of New Castile which falls into the Tajo Taiyven the Capital City of the Province of Xansi in China near the River Truen Talabo or Talaro Pitanus a River in Corsica Talamone a Town and Port to the Tyrrehenian Sea in the Estate called Degli Presidii upon the Borders of the Dukedom of Tuscany in Italy Belonging to the Spaniards Talavera Ebara Libora a Town in New Castile upon the Tajo See Tajo Talâ—a a very fruitful Island in the Caspian Sea according to Pliny who calls it Tazata and other Ancients But we have no Modern Account of it Tamaga Tamaâ—a and Tambro a River of Spain which ariseth in Gallicia above Mone Roy and running South through the Province of Entre Douro è minbo falls into the Douro six Spanish Leagues above Porto to the East Tamar Tamaris a River in the East of Cornwal which divides that County from Devonshire It ariseth in Devonshire near the Irish Sea and running South watereth Bridgrule Telcoâ— Tamerten which has its name from this River Beyton Lawhitton Cal-Stock and having received amongst others the Foy at Plimouth it entereth the British Sea forming there a Noble and Capacious Haven See Cambden Tamaraca a City and Island upon the Coast of Brasil in South America under the Portuguese making one of the fourteen Governments or Provinces of Brasil Tamaro Thamarus a small River in the Principato in the Kingdom of Naples which rising from the Appennine a little above Benevento falls into the Calore Tamasso Tamassus a Town in the Island of Cyprus towards Famagosta Of great Repute for its Tin-Mines Taming Taminga a City in the Province of Pekim in China Tampan the Mouth of the Rhosne Tamul a petty Kingdom contained in Bisnagar in the Hither East-Indies Tamworth a Borough and Market Town in the Borders of Staffordshire and Warwickshire at the Confluence of the Tame and the Auker whereof one washeth that part of the Town which stands in Staffordshire and the other that in Warwickshire It hath a strong though small Castle for its defence is beautified with a large Church and in the Lower House of Parliament represented by two Burgesses Tanagra an ancient City of Boeotia now Stramulipa in Greece near the River Asopus Called Orops by Aristotle and Gephyra in Stephanus Athenaeus mentions Cetus Tanagranus as a Proverb for a vast Whale because one of a prodigious Magnitude was cast up here It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens the same with the Anatoria of some Moderns Tanais a River of Crim Tartary which divides Europe from Asia Called by the Neighbouring Nations Don by the Italians Tana It ariseth in the Province of Rezan in Moscovy eleven hundred Miles from Moscow from the Lake Iuvanouvo Lezicro which is five hundred Wrests broad and flowing with a very Oblique Course through the Countries possessed by the Precopensian or Crim Tartars not far from the Wolga falls into the Lake of Moeotis near a City called from it Tanais now ruined This City was once taken by the Russ but now in the hands of the Turks The River divides it into two parts and affords it the convenience of an Haven though now not much frequented Long. 60. 40. Lat. 48. 09. Tanaro Tanarus a Navigable River of Lombardy which ariseth in Piedmont in the Borders of the States of Genoua from the Apennine and running North-East watereth Mondovi Alba Asti and Alexandria in the Dukedom of Milan it falls into the Po at Bassignano between Casal to the North and Voghera to the South Tandaya one of the Philippine Islands Tandra an Island of the Euxine Sea at the Mouth of the Borysthenes Taneâ—axima a small Island belonging to Japan Tanes Tanitioum Ostium one of the Eastern Mouths of the Nile This gave name to Tunis now Tanes a desolate Village in Egypt at this time but formerly one of the greatest richest and strongest Cities of Egypt a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Damietta The Calyphs rebuilt it after it had been some Ages desolate but it soon returned to its former State Tangier Tingi Tingis one of the oldest Cities of Africa in the Province of Hasbat in the Kingdom of Fez. Built by Antaeus a Phoenician as the Learned Sir John Marsham proves from Procopius who mentions an ancient Pillar with this Inscription in the Phoenician Tongue We are fled from Joshua the Son of Nun a Robber whereupon he placeth the building of it in Joshua's time and saith it is undoubtedly a very ancient Phoenician Colony It stands at the Mouth of the Streights