out through the dispersed clouds and shining so bright as our best Marrines easily discouered the Harbour of Yoghall and the tide seruing happily we passed the barre into the same And the next morning we might see the danger we had escaped most apparant for our ship was so farre vnable to indure the waues of the sea with her great leake and the foulenesse of the Pumpes if we had been forced to keepe a bord till the next daies light might make vs know the coast as the same night she had sunke in the quiet Harbour if the Marriners had not chosen rather to driue her on ground At this time I found the State of Ireland much changed for by the flight of the Earle of Tyrone and the Earle of Tirconnell with some Chiefes of Countries in the North and the suppression and death of Sir Cabier Odogherty their confederate in making new troubles all the North was possessed by new Colonies of English but especially of Scots The meere Irish in the North and ouerall Ireland continued still in absolute subiection being powerfull in no part of the Kingdome excepting onely Connaght where their chiefe strength was yet little to bee feared if the English-Irish there had sound hearts to the State But the English Irish in all parts and especially in the Pale either by our too much cherishing them since the last Rebellion in which we found many of them false hearted or by the Kings religious courses to reforme them in their obstinate adiction to Poperie euen in those points which oppugned his Maiesties temporall power or by the fulnesse of bread in time of peace whereof no Nation sooner surfets then the Irish were growne so wanton so incensed and so high in the instep as they had of late mutinously broken of a Parlament called for the publike good and reformation of the Kingdome and from that time continued to make many clamourous complaints against the English Gouernours especially those of the pale against the worthy Lord Deputy and his Ministers through their sides wounding the Roiall authoritie yea in all parts the Churle was growne rich and the Gentlemen and Swordmen needy and so apt to make a prey of other mens goods The Citizens of Mounster had long since obtained the renuing of their old Charters with all their exorbitant priuiledges and were now growne most refractory to all due obedience especially for matters of Religion In which parts the very numbers of the Priests swarming among them and being actiue men yea contrary to their profession bloudy in handling the sword far exceeded the number of the Kings souldiers reduced to very smal or no strength And many loose mē flocked into that Prouince out of the Low-Countries who being trained there in the Irish Regiment with the Arch-Duke daily sent ouer new men to bee in like sort trained there and themselues lay dispersed and hidden in all corners with hearts no doubt apt to imbrace mischieuous enterprises And howsoeuer the English Lawyers comming ouer after the last warre vaunted Ireland to be reduced to ful obedience by their Itinerary circuits scarce mentioning with honour the sword that made way to them yet they were therein deceiued that the Irish in their clamorous and litigious nature flying to them with many complaints did it onely to get countenance to their causes from them who were strangers to them perhaps against former iudgements of the Gouernours who better knew them and so to oppose one Magistrate against another not as they might perhaps thinke in sincere affection to be ruled by the Lawes Yea those Chiefes of Countries who vsed to waite on them to the limits of their Country did it rather to keepe the people by their awfull presence from exhibiting complaints against themselues then as the Iudges thought out of their dutifull respect to them or to the State For otherwise euen among the English-Irish in the inferiour persons from the Counstables to the Iustices of Peace and so vpward Iustice had not his due course which can neuer haue life but in the mouing of al the members with due correspondency and many outrages were by the English-Irish and meere Irish done against the English lately planted there So as now when Ireland should haue enioyed the fruites of the last warre in the due subiection of the meere Irish these times threatned the next combustions from our degenerate English Irish. Onely the louers of peace were erected to good hopes by a generall confidence that our Soueraigne would apply his Royall power seuere Iustice most auaileable in Ireland and other his heroick vertues to the timely preuention of any mischieuous issue as not long after his Maiestie happily began with bringing those his subiects to conformity of making wholesome Lawes for the publike good by common consent of that Kingdomes three Estates assembled in his Royall Court of Parliament at Dublyn in the yeere 1614 to which worke and all his Royall counsels God giue happy successe The Lyst of Officers Generall and Prouinciall Warders Horsemen and Footemen as they stood at this time of Peace Officers Generall The Lord Chichester Baron of Belfast Lord Deputy of Ireland hauing enioyed that place many yeeres beyond all example of former times Sir Thomas Ridgeway Treasurer at Warres Sir Richard Wingfeild Marshall of Ireland Sir Olyuer S. Iohns Master of the Ordinance Sir Iohn King Muster-master Sir Allen Apsley and Thomas Smith Commissaries of victuals Edward Lenton Prouost Marshall of the Army Sir Iosus Bodley Directer General and Ouerseer of the Fortifications Sir Thomas Dutton Scout-Master Captaine Iohn Pikeman and Captaine William Meeres Corporals of the field Officers Prouinciall The Lord Dauers Lord President of Mounster and Sir Richard Moryson his Vice-President besides the command in his owne right left him by the Lord Lieutenant Mountioy at his leauing the Kingdome Sir Richard Aldworth Prouost Marshall of Mounster The Earle of Clanrickard Lord President of Connaght Sir Oliuer S. Iohns his Vice-president besides his imployments in his owne right Captaine Charles Coote Prouost Marshall of Connaght Sir Henry Dockwra Gouernour of Loughfoyle Edmond Ellys Prouost Marshall there Sir Henry Follyot Gouernour of Ballishannon The Lord Chichester Gouernour of Carickfergus Sir Henry Power Gouernour of Leax Sir Edward Blaney Seneshal of Monaghan and commander of the Kings Forts there Robert Bowen Prouost Marshall of Lemster Moyses Hill Prouost Marshall of Vlster Captaine William Cole for Ballishannon and Captaine Hugh Clotworth for Loughchichester both Captaines of Boatmen Warders Dublin Castle Roger Dauies hath Warders 14. Maryborough Sir Adam Loftus warders 16. Phillipstowne Sir Garret Moore warders 12 Duncannon Sir Laurence Esmond warders 30. Dungaruan Sir George Carey warders 12. Castlemaigne Sir Thomas Roper warders 17. Limrick Castle Sir Francis Bartley warders 20. Castle Parke Captaine Skipwith warders 20. Halebolin Sir Francis Slingesby warders 20. Athlone Castle the Earle of Clanrickard warders 20. Ballenfad Captaine S. Barbe warders 10. Dromruske Captaine Griffoth warders 9. Carickfergus Castle
seuenteenth of April sent his reasons of not comming First iustifying his relaps into disloialty by the truce not obserued to him and because restitution was not made him of preyes taken from him which was promised Then excusing his not meeting because his pledges by the truce being from three moneths to three moneths to be changed were still detained yea his pledges the second time put in were kept together with the first And saying that he durst not come to the Lord Generall because many promises by him made being not kept he knew it was much against his honourable mind and so could not be perswaded but that the Lord Generall was ouerruled by the Lord Deputy so as he could not make good his promises without the Lord Deputies consent who shewed malice to him and was no doubt the cause of all the breaches of such promises as had beene made vnto him Againe in regard he heard that the Lord Bourgh was to come ouer Lord Deputy who was altogether vnknowne to him he protested to feare that the acts of the Lord Generall with him would not be made good wishing that rather the Lord Generall might be continued in his command for then he would be confident of a good conclusion Finally he desired a meeting neere Dundalke the sixe and twenty of Aprill but this appointment for the day being against the last finall resolution and for the place against her Maiesties directions there was no more speech of this treaty In the meane time Sir William Russell Lord Deputy by the managing of those and like affaires finding himselfe not duly countenanced out of England in the place he sustained had made earnest suit to be called home and accordingly about the end of May he was reuoked and the Lord Bourgh so he himselfe writes others write Burke and Camden writes Borough came ouer Lord Deputy The ill successe of the treaties and small progresse of the warres together with this vnexpected change of the Lord Deputy comming with supreme authority as well in martiall as ciuill causes brake the heart of Sir Iohn Norryes Lord Generall a leader as worthy and famous as England bred in our age Of late according to vulgar speech he had displeased the Earle of Essex then a great fauourite in Court and by his merites possessed of the superintendency in all martiall affaires For Sir Iohn Norryes had imbraced the action of Brest Fort in Britany and the warres in those parts when the Earle himself had purpose to entertaine them and preuailed against the Earle by vndertaking them with lesse forces then the Earle desired for the same And it was thought that the Earle had preferred the Lord Bourgh of purpose to discontent him in regard the said Lord Bourgh had had a priuate quarrell with the said Generall in England and that besides the superiour command of this Lord though otherwise most worthy yet of lesse experience in the warres then the Generall had could not but be vnsupportable to him esteemed one of the greatest Captaines of his time and yet hauing inferiour command of the Presidentship of Mounster in the same Kingdome Certainely vpon the arriuall of this new Lord Deputy presently Generall Norryes was commanded to his gouernement of Mounster and not to stirre thence without leaue When he came thither this griefe so wrought vpon his high spirit as it apparantly brake his braue and formerly vndaunted heart for without sickenes or any publike signe of griefe he suddenly died in the imbrace of his deere brother Sir Thomas Norreys his vicepresident within some two moneths of his comming into Mounster The Lord Bourgh at his entry into the place of Lord Deputy found all the North in Rebellion except seuen Castles with their Townes or Villages all but one lying towards the sea namely Newry Knockfergus Carlingford Greene-Castle Armagh Dondrom and Olderfleet And all Connaght was likewise in Rebellion together with the Earle of Ormonds nephewes the Butlers in Mounster In this moneth of May Ororke was sent into England by the King of Scots and there executed This Ororke seemes to haue beene expelled his Countrey when Sir Richard Bingham was Gouernour of Connaght but those of his name and the chiefe of them vsurping the Countrey of Letrym still continued Rebels Tyrone hitherto with all subtilty and a thousand sleights abusing the State when he saw any danger hanging ouer him by fained countenance and false words pretended humblest submission and hearty sorrow for his villanies but as soone as opportunity of pursuing him was omitted or the forces were of necessity to be drawne from his Countrey with the terror of them all his loyalty vanished yea he failed not to mingle secretly the greatest Counsels of mischiefe with his humblest submissions And these courses had beene nourished by the sloth of our Leaders the frugality of some of our counsellers and the Queenes inbred lenity yet of all other he had most abused the late Lord Generals loue to him and his credulity which specially grew out of his loue Now of this new Lord Deputy by letters hee requested a truce or cessation which it seemed good to the Lord Deputy to grant for a moneth in regard of the conueniency of her Maiesties present affaires not any way to gratifie the Rebell for he had no purpose to entertaine more speech of his submission or to slacke the pursuit of him and his confederates to which he was wholly bent He saw the lamentable effects which these cessations together with protections had hitherto produced and among other euils did specially resolue to auoid them Therefore assoone as the moneth of truce was expired the Lord Deputy aswell by his first actions to giue luster and ominous presage to his gouernement as because he iudged it best for the seruice to strike at the head presently drew the Forces towards Tyrone The Irish in a fastnes neere Armagh so they call straight passages in woods where to the natural strength of the place is added the art of interlacing the low bowes and casting the bodies of trees acrosse the way opposed the passage of the English who made their way with their swords and found that the Irish resolutely assaulted would easily giue ground Then the Lord Deputy assaulted the Fort of Blackewater formerly built by the English vpon the passage to Dungannon whence the Eurle at his first entering into rebellion had by force expelled the English as carefully as he would haue driuen poyson from his heart This Fort he soon wonne and repayring the same put a company of English souldiers into it to guard it But 〈◊〉 the Lord Deputy with the whole army were rendering thanks to God for this good succesle the 〈◊〉 shewed themselues out of the thicke woods neere adioyning on the North-side of the Fort so as the prayers were interrupted by calling to armes The English entered 〈◊〉 and preuayled against them driuing them to styeinto the thickest of their dens In this conflict were killed Francis Vaughan
150. Captaine Sackfeild 100. Captaine Norton 100. Captaine Billings 150. Captaine Phillips 150. Foote 850. Horse at Carickfergus Sir Arthur Chichester Gouernour 25. Captaine Iohn Iephson 100. Horse 125. Foote in Lecale Sir Richard Moryson vnder his Lieutenant 150 himselfe commanding a Regiment in the Armie The Lord Deputies Army in the field for this Summers seruice Horse The Lord Deputie 100. Sir William Godolphin 50. Sir Garret Moore 50. Sir Richard Greame 50. Sir Samuel Bagnol 50. Sir Henrie Dauers 100. Master Marshall 30. Sir Christopher S. Laurence 25. Sir Francis Rush 12. Captaine Fleming 25. Captaine George Greame 14. Horse in the Army 506. Foote Lord Deputies Guard 200. Sir Iohn Barkeley 200. Sir Beniamin Berry 150. Sir Henry Folliot 150. Sir William Fortescue 150. Sir Iames Peirse 150. Sir Garret Moore 〈◊〉 Sir Christopher S. Laurence 150. Sir Edward Fitz Garret 100. Sir Tibbot Dillon 100. Master Marshall 150. Capt. Iosias Bodley 150. Capt. Toby Gawfeild 150. Captaine Richard Hansard 100. Capt. Edward Blany 150. Capt. Fran. Roe 150 Capt. Ralph Counstable 100. Capt. Fisher 100. Captaine Iohn Roberts 100. Capt. George Blount 150. Captaine Iames Blount 100. Captaine Hensto for pioners 200. Captaine Masterson 150. Captaine Henrie Barkley 150. Captaine Morrys 100. Captaine Anthony Earsfeild 100. Captaine Treuer 100. Foote in the Army 3650. Totall of horse by the List 1487. Foote by the List 16950. The forces being thus disposed for the Summers seruice and the Lord Deputie hauing recouered his health his first care was to obey her Maiesties directions in dispatching for England Sir Robert Gardener and Sir Oliuer S. Iohns with a relation of the present state of this Kingdome By them besides instructions of the present state his Lordship sent this following letter to the Lords in England dated the fifth of May 1602. MAy it please your Lordships although you haue good reason to guesse at the difficulties of the warre of Ireland both by the long continuance and the exceeding charge thereof before my time vnder which the rebels strength did euer grow as by the slow progresse though still to the better that it hath made I must confesse vnder my gouernement yet since I doe conceiue that none but we that are personall actors therein especially in these times wherein the fashion and force of this people is so much altered from that it was wont to bee can thorowly apprehend with how many impediments crosses and oppositions we vndertake and proceede in all things I humbly desire your Lordships to giue mee leaue for your satisfaction and the discharge of my duty to open vnto you some of the causes which I doe better feele then I can expresse that haue hindred so speedy a conclusion of this warre as her Maiesty out of her great prouidence and large proportion of expence might happily expect At my first arriuall I found the rebels more in number then at any time they had bin since the conquest and those so farre from being naked people as before times that they were generally better armed then we knew better the vse of their weapons then our men and euen exceeded vs in that discipline which was fittest for the aduantage of the naturall strength of the Country for that they being very many and expert shot and excelling in footmanship all other Nations did by that meanes make better vse of those strengths both for offence and defence then could haue bin made of any squadrons of pikes or artificiall fortisications of Townes In regard whereof I presumed that mans wit could hardly find out any other course to ouercome them but by famine which was to be wrought by seueral Garrisons planted in fit places altered vpon good occasions These plantations could not be made but by Armies which must first settle them and after remoue them as the strength of the enemy required the time for those plantations not only of most conueniency but almost of necessity was to be in the Summe and that for many eminent reasons but especially in that meanes might bee prouided for horse to liue in the winter without which those Garrisons would proue of little effect Now I beseech your Lordships to remember that I receiued this charge the eight and twentieth of February in the yeere 1599 at which time I found the rebels in number and Armes as I haue said growne to the very height of pride and confidence by a continued line of their successe and our misfortunes of the subiects the worst assisting them openly and almost the best leaning to their fortune out of a despaire of ours the Army discouraged in themselues and beleeue mee my Lords for you will hardly beleeue much contemned by the Rebels None of our Garrisons had stirred abroad but they returned beaten the enemie being so farre Master of the field that Tyrone had measured the whole length of Ireland and was comming backe vnfought with And with mee they began the warre at the very suburbs of Dublin At that time the choice of the whole Army and euen of euerie Company that was left behind was drawne into Mounster by the Earle of Ormond how beit I being desirous to loose no time nor opportunitie presently gathered together that poore remnant being the refuse of the rest with a purpose to haue fought with the Traitor in his returne betweene Fercale and the Ennye but hee hastening his iournies vpon some intelligence of my designe and I being the longer staied by the difference of the Councels opinion from mine intent it fell out that I came too late to trie that faire fortune with him The rest of the Spring I was enforced to attend the drawing of diuers Captaines and Companies from remote and diuided Garrisons that were to be imploied for Loughfoyle and Ballishannon for by your Lordships appointment I was to send one thousand other souldiers from these parts and to cast three thousand more in consideration of so many sent thither out of England and to reduce the List from sixteene thousand to fourteene thousand which at that time was a proportion too little to vndertake the warre with all I was further to victuall the Forts of Leax and Ophalye in those times accounted great and dangerous seruices And about the fifth of May 1600 I drew towards the North chiefely to diuert Tyrone and his Northerne forces from giuing opposition to the Plantation at Loughfoyle but withall purposing if I found meanes for victuals and carriages to haue left a Garrison at Armagh The first I did thorowly effect for I gaue way to those of Loughfoyle to land and settle quietly drew Tyrone with his chiefe forces vpon my selfe and in all the fights I had with him made him know that his fortune began to turne and brake those bounds of his circuit whence hee was wont to affront our greatest Armies for in that which was last before this called a Northerne iourney when the Army consisted almost of double numbers of Horse and Foote they were by the Traytor
of the Lord Liefetenant the Lords Iustices caused Tyrones pardon to be drawne and sealed with the great seale of Ireland bearing Date the eleuenth of April in the fortith yeere of her Maiesties Raigne and of our Lord the yeere 1598. Tyrone receiued his generall pardon but continuing still his distoyall courses neuer pleaded the same so as vpon his aboue mentioned 〈◊〉 in September 1595. you shall find him after 〈◊〉 in the yeere 1600. The Irish kerne were at the first rude souldiers so as two or three of them were imployed to discharge one Peece and hitherto they haue subsisted especially by trecherous tenders of submission but now they were growne ready in managing their Peeces and bold to skirmish in bogges and wooddy passages yea this yeere and the next following became so disasterous to the English and successefull in action to the Irish as they shaked the English gouernement in this kingdome till it tottered and wanted little of fatall ruine Tyrone wanted not pretences to frustrate this late treaty and to returne to his formen disloyalty and the defection of all other submitties depending on him followed his reuolt First he sent aid to Phelim mac Feogh chiefe of the Obirnes the sonne of Feoghmac Hugh killed in Sir William Russels time to the end he might make the warre in Lemster against the English And because the English Fort of Blackewater was a great eye sore to him lying on the cheefe passage into his Countrey he assembled all his forces and assaulted the same But Captaine Thomas Williams with his company vnder him so valiandy repelled the great multitudes of the assaylants with slaughter of many and the most hardy attempting to scale sort which was onely a deepe trench or wall of earth to lodge some one hundred Souldiers as they vtterly discouraged from assayling it resolued to besiege it a farre off and knowing they wanted victuals presumed to get it by famine This Captaine and his few warders did with no lesse courage suffer hunger and hauing eaten the few horses they had liued vpon hearbes growing in the ditches and wals suffering all extremities till the Lord Lieftenant in the moneth of August sent Sir Henry Bagnoll Marshall of Ireland with the most choice Companies of foote and horse troopes of the English Army to victuall this Fort and to raise the Rebels siege When the English entered the Pace and thicke woods beyond Armagh on the East side Tyrone with all the Rebels forces assembled to him pricked forward with rage of enuy and setled rancour against the Marshal assayled the English and turning his full force against the Marshals person had the successe to kill him valiantly fighting among the thickest of the Rebels Whereupon the English being dismaied with his death the Rebels obtained a great victory against them I terme it great since the English from their first arriuall in that Kingdome neuer had receiued so great an ouerthrow as this commonly called The defeat of Blackewater Thirteene valiant Captaines and 1500. common Souldiers whereof many were of the old companies which had serued in Brittany vnder Generall Norreys were slaine in the field The yeelding of the Fort of Blackwater followed this disaster when the assaulted guard saw no hope of reliefe but especially vpon messages sent to Captaine Williams from our broken forces retired to Armagh professing that all their safetie depended vpon his yeelding the Fort into the hands of Tyrone without which danger Captaine Williams professed that no want or miserie should haue induced him thereunto Shortly after Sir Richard Bingham aboue mentioned late Gouernour of Connaght and vnworthily disgraced was sent ouer to succeede Sir Henrie Bagnoll in the Marshalship of that Kingdome By this Victory the rebels got plenty of Armes and victuals Tyrone was among the Irish celebrated as the Deliuerer of his Country from thraldome and the combined Traytors on all sides were puffed vp with intolerable pride All Vlster was in Armes all Connaght reuolted and the Rebels of Lemster swarmed in the English Pale while the English lay in their Garrisons so farre from assailing the Rebels as they rather liued in continuall feare to be surprised by them After the last yeeres nauall expedition out of England into the Ilands certaine old Companies of one thousand and fiftie foote drawne out of the Low Countries were appointed to Winter in the West parts of England To these nine hundred and fiftie new men were added this Summer and the command of these two thousand Foote and of one hundred Horse was giuen to Sir Samuel Bagnol who was appointed to goe with them to Loughfoyle in the North of Ireland but after the defeate of Blackwater they were countermaunded to goe into Lemster to strengthen the Queenes Forces in the heart of the Kingdome The old Companies Sir Samuel Bagnol Colonell 150 1050 Foot Captaine Iohn Iephson 100 Captaine Iosias Bodley 100 Captaine Iohn Sidney 100 Captaine Foulke Conway 100 Captaine Nicholas Pynner 100 Captaine Edward Blaney 100 Captaine Tobey Calfeild 100 Captaine Austin Heath 100 Captaine Owen Tewder 100 To these were added new men partly vnder old Captains as Captaine Francis Roe Captaine Charles Egerton Captaine Ralph Bingley and partlyvnder new Captaines 950 Foot Besides Sir Samuel Bagnol the Colonell had the command of a Troope of Horse new raised 100 Horse After the defeate of Blackwater Tyrone sent Ony Mac Rory O More and one Captaine Tyrel of English race but a bold and vnnaturall enemy to his Countrie and the English to trouble the Prouince of Mounster Against whom Sir Thomas Norreys Lord President opposed himselfe but assoone as he vpon necessarie occasions had with-drawne his forces to Corke many of the Mounster men now first about October 1598 brake into rebellion and ioyned themselues with Tyrones said forces spoyled the Country burnt the Villages and puld downe the houses and Castles of the English against whom especially the femall sex they committed all abominable outrages And now they raised Iames Fitzthomas a Geraldine to be Earle of Desmond which title had since the warres of Desmond bin suppressed with condition that forsooth he should be vassall to Oneale The Mounster Rebellion brake out like a lightning for in one moneths space almost all the Irish were in rebellious Armes and the English were murthered or stripped and banished Thus hauing inflamed Mounster with the fire of Rebellion and leauing this sedition to be cherished and increased by this new Earle of Desmond and other Rebels of that Prouince the Vlster forces returned backe to Tyrone The infection which Mounster men had drawne from the corrupted parts in Rebellion did more and more spread it selfe so as the old practises long held by the Arch-Traytor Tyrone to induce them to a reuolt now fully attained their wished effect To the working whereof in the hearts of the seditious there wanted not many strong motiues as the hatred which the Geraldines bare to those English Vndertakers of whom I formerly spake in
hands of Sir George Cary Treasurer at warres a Ploclamation signed by the Queene to be published for making the new standard of mixed monies to be onely currant in this Kingdome all other coyns being to be brought in to the Treasurer And likewise a letter from the Queene requiring the Lord Deputy and Counsell to further the due execution of the contents of this Proclamation and by some plausible graces done in generall to the subiect in the establishing an exchange of this coyne into sterling money of England taking away the impositions on sea coles transported into Ireland and in particular to the Captaines of the Army in allowing their dead paies in mony after the rate of eight pence per dicm and some like fauours inuiting all to swallow this bitter pill which impouerished not only the Rebels but her Maiesties best seruants in this Kingdome onely inriching her Paymasters sitting quietly at home while others aduentured daily their bloods in the seruice The twentieth of May the Lord Deputy and Counsell aduertised the Lords in England that they had giuen order to print 300. of the Proclamations for the new coyne to be published through all parts of Ireland at one time That they had in Counsell agreed vpon a generall hoasting for this yeere to beginne the last of Iune following And in the meane time while that was preparing that the Lord Deputy would draw the forces to Dundalke vpon the Northerne borders there to watch opportunities of seruice and specially by his presence to animate the new submitties to attempt some thing against the Arch-traytor Tyrone and to put them in blood against him and his confederates And that his Lordship towards the time of the said hoasting purposed to returne to Dublyn and to the end he might find there all things in readines for his intended prosecution of Tyrone in his owne Countrey they besought their Lordships that victuals and munition might with all possible speed be sent thither out of England The foresaid generall hoasting is a rising out of certaine foot and horse found by the subiect of the fiue English shires and the Irish Submitties to assist the Queenes forces and these together with some of the English Companies his Lordship vsed to lay in the Pale for the defence thereof at such time as the forces were to be drawne into Vlster The rising out of the fiue English Shires and the Irish Submitties Vizt Of the County of Dublyn Besides sixteene Kearne  Horse Archers Horse  Horse Archers Horse In the Barrony of Balrothery   In that of Newcastle nil 18  nil 26 In that of Castleknocke nil 11 In that of Cowlocke nil 30 In that of Rathdowne 12 10 2. Of the County of Meath Besides one hundred Kerne of the Pooles In the Barony of Dulicke nil 32 In that of Dunboyne nil 3 In the Barony of Skrine 24 30 In that of Decy nil 17 In that of Ratothe nil 13 In that of Moyfewragh nil 4  horse Archers Horse  horse Archers Horse In that of Lane nil 8 In that of Slane 6 11 In that of Nauan nil 48 In that of Fowere 28 nil In that of Kenllas alias Kells 16 6 In that of Margallen 7 〈◊〉 Thirdly Of the County of Westmeath 60. 2 Fourthly Of the County of Kildare In the Barrony of Sualt 8 14 In that of Kilkey 1 12 In that of the vpper Naasse nil 13 In that of Ophaly 1 2 In that of the nether Naasse nil 5 In that of Counall nil 3 In that of Kelkullen 8 2 In that of Clane nil 2 In that of Narragh nil 2 In that of Okethy nil 5 In that of Rebau Athy nil 3 In that of Carbery nil 4 Fifthly Of the County of Lowth In the Barony of Ferrard. 4 26 In the Townes of Lowth and of Dundalke 16 6 In that of Atherdy 16 13    Summa 207 374. Totall both 581. The rising out of the Irish Lords and their Captaines The Obyrnes ouer whom after the death of Sir Henry Harrington his son Sir William Harrington is Captaine by the late Queenes Letters Pattents granted to his father and him Horsemen 12. Kerne 24. The Cauanaghs hauing then no Captaine ouer them Horse 12. Kerne 30. Other particular septs besides those which were in rebellion Horse 104. Kerne 307. Totall Horse 128. Kerne 361. The proiect of disposing the Queenes forces for the following Summers seruice Out of Mounster we thought fit to be spared and to be drawne into Connaght 1000 foot and 50 hose since there should still remaine in Mounster 1600 foot and 200 horse for any occasion of seruice Foot 1000. Horse 50. In Connaght were already besides Tybot ne longes Company Foot 1150 Horse 74. These to be placed as followeth To keepe at Galloway and Athlone in Connaght foot 350. To leaue at the Abbey of Boyle in Connaght vnder the command of the late Lord of Dunkellen now Earle of Clanrickard Foot 1000 Horse 62. These to further the plantation of Balishannon To leaue at the Annaly in Lemster side of the Shannon vnder the command of Sir Iohn Barkeley Foot 800. Horse 12. These fit to ioine with the vndermentioned forces of Westmeath Kels and the rest vpon the Northerne borders to stop the Vlster Rebels from comming into Lemster or if they should passe them then to ioine with the forces of Ophaly and the rest southward Tybot ne long the payment of whose Company had long beene stopped was to be kept in good tearmes Oconnor Sligo to be threatned that if he did not submit and declare himselfe against Odonnell before the planting of Ballishannon he should haue no hope of mercy The forces at the Abby of Boyle were to infest Oconnor Sligo and to keepe Ororke from ioining with Odonnell Those at the Annaly to infest Ororke besides the aboue mentioned lying betweene any forces that might come out of the North into Lemster and to follow them if they should escape it being likely that about haruest time Tyrrell and the Oconnors will gather strength if they possibly can to returne and gather the Corne they sowed last yeere in Leax and Ophaly And thus are disposed the aboue said Foot 2150. Horse 124. The Forces towards the South of 〈◊〉 to lie thus In Ophaly The Earle of Kildare 〈◊〉 George Bourcher 100. Sir Edward 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Capt. Garrall 100. Sir Henry 〈◊〉 100. Foot In all 550. Earle of Kildare 25. Sir Edward Harbert 12. Horse In all 37. In Leax Sir Henry Power 150. Sir Francis Rushe 150 Sir Thomas Lostus 100. Foot In all 400. Master Marshall 20. Captaine Pigot 12 Horse In all 32. At Kilkenny Earle of Ormond 150 Foot Earle of Ormond 50 Horse The Forces towards the North of Lemster to lie thus In Westmeath Lord of 〈◊〉 150. Sir Francis Shane 100 Foot In Kelles Captaine Roper 150 Foot Earle of Kildare 25. Sir Henry Harrington 25 Horse At Liseannon in the Brenny
my selfe into any part of Ireland with my chiefe strength but I may happen to be as farre from their discent as I shall bee where now I am which maketh me the more loth to forgoe my hold in these parts and yet for all occasions you must not imagine me to be now in the head of a great Army but of some sixteene hundred fighting men of whom there are not halfe English and vpon the newes of Spanish succours I know few Irish that I can reckon ours With this Army I must make my retreat which I resolued to haue left most part in Garrisons all this winter in these quarters and in truth Sir I cannot at this present thinke of a better counsel then that we might goe on with the warre by these Garrisons against Tyrone as wee were determined whether the Spaniards come or no and to make head against them chiefely with meanes out of England By this course they shall giue each other little assistance and if we doe but ruine and waste the traytors this Winter it will bee impossible for the Spaniards to make this people liue by which course I presume it is in her Maiesties power to giue the King of Spaine a great blow and to quit this Country of them for euer If in the checkes the Queene doe not finde the weakenesse of her Army I disclaime from the fault for without a wise honest Muster-master of good reputation to be still present in the Army the Queene in that kinde wil neuer be well serued and vpon those Officers that are I doe continually call for their care in that matter If according to our desire you had sent vs one thousand supplies of shot to the Newrie it had aduanced the seruice more then I can expresse but some you must needs send vs to be able to leaue those garisons strong in winter Most part of these troops I haue here are they that haue stricken all the blowes for the recouerie of the Kingdome and been in continuall action and therefore you must not wonder if they be weake If Sir Henrie Dockwra do not plant Ballishannon I thinke it fit that Sir Arthur Chichester had a thousand men of his List whom I hope we would finde meanes to plant within foure or fiue miles of Dungannon and by boats victuall them commodiously I doe apprehend the consequence of that plantation to be great but till I heare from you againe I wil take no men from Loughfoyle because I am loth to meddle much with that Garrison without direction but I besecch you Sir by the next let me know your opinion I pray you Sir giue me leaue to take it vnkindly of my L President to informe you that Sir Hen. Dockwra hath had greater fauor in the nomination of Captaines thē he for he neuer placed but one whom I displaced after To haue some left to his nomination is more then I could obtaine when the last supply came to me But since it is the Queenes pleasure I must beare this and as I doe continually a great deale more with patience And though I am willing you should know I haue a iust feeling of these things yet I beseech you Sir to beleeue that my meaning is not to contest or to impute the fault vnto you for by God Sir where I professe my loue in the same kind I haue done to you they shall bee great matters that shall remoue me although they may and I desire that I may let you know when they do moue me I do only impute this to my misfortune that I perceiue arguments too many of her Maiesties displeasure but while for her owne sake she doth vse my seruice I will loue whatsoeuer I suffer for her and loue the sentence that I will force from the conscience of all and the mouth of the iust that I haue been and will be an honest and no vnprofitable seruant vnto her I dare vndertake we haue rid my Lord President of the most dangerous rebell of Mounster and the most likely man to haue renewed the rebellion for that night I receiued your letters the rogues did powre aboue three thousand shot into our Campe at which time it was our good fortune to kill Peirce Lacie and some other of their principall men Wee are now praying for a good wind for wee are at our last daies bread if victuals come in time we will not be idle Sir if I haue recommended any into England I am sure it was for no charge for I know none that haue gone from hence but there are many that continue here more worthy of preferment then they therefore I pray Sir let them not be reckoned mine that there challenge any thing for me but whatsoeuer shall please their Lordships I must be contented withall and it shall not much trouble mee for I meane not to make the warres my occupation and doe affect asmuch to haue a great many followers as to bee troubled with a kennel of hounds But for the Queenes sake I would gladly haue her serued by such as I know to be honest men and vnhappy is that Generall that must fight with weapons of other mens choosing And so Sir being ashamed that I haue troubled you so long I desire you to be assured that no man shall loue you more honestly and faithfully then my selfe From the Campe neere Mount Norreys this ninth of August 1601 Yours Sir most assured to doe you seruice Mountioy Touching the aboue mentioned distate betweene the Lord Deputy and the Lord President of Mounster his Lordship shortly after wrote a letter to him resenting himselfe in very high tearmes of the wrong he conceiued to be offered him as followeth in his Lordships letter MY Lord as I haue hitherto borne you as much affection and as truely as euer I did professe it vnto you and I protest reioyced in all your good successes as mine owne so must you giue me leaue since I presume I haue so iust cause to challenge you of vnkindnes wrong in writing into England that in preferring your followers Sir Henry Dockwra hath had more power from me then your selfe and consequently to solicite the Queene to haue the nomination of some Captaines in this Kingdome For the first I could haue wished you would haue beene better aduised because vpon my Honour he neuer without my speciall warrant did appoint but one whom I after displaced I do not remember that euer since our comming ouer I haue denied any thing which you haue recommended vnto me with the marke of your owne desire to obtaine it and in your Prouince I haue not giuen any place as I thinke but at your instance For the other I thinke it is the first example that euer any vnder another Generall desired or obtained the like sute And although I will not speake iniuriously of your deserts nor immodestly of mine owne yet this disgrace cannot make me beleeue that I haue deserued worse then any that haue beene
Out of these Regiments was raised a squadron volante or flying Regiment which onely was to answere Alarums and to be freed of al watches and to the same Sir Henrie Power was appointed Colonel and Captaine Bostock his Lieutenant The seuerall Companies of this squadron are these Out of the Lord Deputies Regiment Sir Richard Wingfield Marshall 150. Sir Iohn Barkeley Serieant Maior 200. Out of the Lord Presidents Regiment Captaine Saxey 100. Out of the Lord Audleys Regiment the Treasurers Lieutenant 100. Out of Sir Charles Willmots Regiment Captaine Nuse 100. Out of Sir Henry Follyots Regiment Captaine Iosias Bodley 150. Out of Sir Oliuer Saint Iohns Regiment Captaine Bostock 100. Out of the Earle of Clanrickards Regiment Captaine Laurence Esmond 150. Foote 1050. Horse in the Army at Kinsale Take out of the List made the seuen and twenty of October Sir Edward Harbert 12 and Captaine George Greame twelue and thirtie of Master Marshals otherwhere imployed and now absent from the Campe and the whole Lyst is fiue hundred fiftie seuen Horse called since that time from other parts in the Kingdome to the Campe at Kinsale The Earle of Kildare 50. Sir Oliuer Lambert 25. Sir Garret More 25. Horse 100. Horse newly sent ouer and landed at Castle-hauen and at Waterford The Lord President added to his troope 50. The Earle of Thomond a troope newly erected 100. Sir William Godolphin who commanded the Lord Deputies troope had newly erected to his owne vse 50. Horse 200. Totall of horse 857. The twentieth of Nouember his Lordship vnderstood by letters from the Lords in England that one thousand foote and fiftie horse were sent and already shipped for Loughfoyle The same day the demy-Cannon planted the day before did againe batter Castle Nyparke together with another Cannon this day landed and planted by it and with some Ordinance also out of the ships though they serued to small purpose About noone one hundred men were sent with Captaine Yorke and Captaine Smith to view the breach and though they found it not assaultable yet the Spaniards within being no longer able to indure the furie of the shot hung out a signe of parly vpon the first shew of those men and offered to yeeld themselues and the Castle vpon promise of their liues onely which being accepted they were brought presently to the Campe being in number sixtcene that were left aliue Before the Castle was yeelded the Spaniards in the Towne made diuers shot at Captaine Tolkernes Pinnace with a piece of Ordinance which they mounted a day or two before close to the Gate of the Towne but did no hurt at all vnto the Pinnace the same warping neerer to the other side vnder the hill and at last riding safely without danger of the shot The same day a platforme was made vpon a ground of aduantage being a strong Rath betweene the Towne and the Camp that commanded one part of the Towne that vnder the fauour thereof we might the better make our neerer approches though at that time we could hardly worke by reason of the extreame frost and a demi Cannon was mounted vpon it with which some shot were made at the Towne A sentinell taken in the euening affirmed that the first piece shot off went through the house in which Don Iean lay and did otherwise great hurt The one and twentieth the prisoners taken in Castle Nyparke and some runawaies were sent to Corke with directions to the Maior to send them and the former prisoners by the first ship into England keeping of them still at Corke onely the Serieant Maior taken in skirmish and the two Commanders of the Castles of Rincorran and Nyparke This day the Cannon and demi-Cannon planted vpon the platforme did play into the Towne And this day the Lord Deputy went ouer into the Hand to view how from thence the Towne might be best annoied and inuested And the Spaniards this day put out of the towne great numbers of Irish women and children which came to the Campe and were suffered to passe into the Countrie to their friends The two and twentieth day one Iames Grace an Irishman obtaining the Lord Deputies Protection escaped out of the Towne and gaue his Lordship this intelligence following Six Irish Gentlemen horsemen came into the towne of Kinsale on Sunday the fifteenth of Nouember and one Owen Conde came the same day and they are all readie to goe out againe and Father Archer with them to put out the Countrie if the Bishop will suffer him Don Iean sayes priuately that the Lord Deputy was borne in a happy hower for he will haue the Towne vnlesse they be relieued from the North. They haue nothing but ruske and water They haue but foure pieces of Artillery one small piece is at the Churchyard one great and a small in Iames Meaghes Garden and the other biggest of all is at the Watergate to play vpon the shipping and all foure are mounted The Spaniards were fiue thousand by report at their setting out from Spaine they landed at Kinsals three thousand fiue hundred they are yet 3000 there are two hundred sicke and hurt in the hospitals they lost 100 at Rincorran and 17 and a boy at Castle Nyparke They had nine slaine when they offered to relieue the Castle and fiue when Captaine Soto was slaine They had foure and thirty Colours abroad when they shot into the Lord Deputies Campe and that was all they had and they had then two pieces a great and a small and that day all the Townesmen were put out at the Gates that they might doe no hurt with the Munition They fill the old Abbey at the West gate with earth that they may mount a great piece there which they make account wilcommād the ground where the English battery is planted at the North Gate where the Mount is raised yet it is not likely they will mount any Ordinance there but rather keep it as a hold They haue store of powder and munition which lies at Iohn Fitz Edmonds Castle but they meane to remoue it presently and put it in a seller within the towne Their treasure lies at the house where Captaine Bostock lay They are much affraid the Lord Deputie will place some Ordinance at Castle Nyparke or thereabouts which will much annoy them but most of all they feare the placing of it at a place neere the water side where some were sent to seeke rods not farre from the place where the skirmish was when they sallyed for which caule they raised their mount but especially filled vp the old Abbey from whence it is best commanded Don Iean lies at Phillip Roches A shot made from the English on Friday at night hit the house where Don Iean lay The Townesmen will stay no longer there for feare of the shot and then the Spaniards will be in great distresse One went from Don Iean to Tyrone about nine daies agoe to hasten his comming the man was blind of one eye The same day the
shipped if it be possible at one time if not at two and that to be within the time aboue named 5 Item that if by contrary winds or by any other occasions there shall arriue at any Port of these Kingdomes of Ireland or England any ships of these in which these men goe they be intreated as friends and may ride safely in the Harbour and bee victualed for their money and haue moreouer things which they shall need to furnish them to their voiage 6 Item during the time that they shall stay for shipping victuals shall be giuen to Don Ieans people at iust and reasonable rates 7 Item that of both parts shall be cessation of Armes and security that no wrong be offered to any one 8 Item that the ships in which they shall goe for Spaine may passe safely by any other ships whatsoeuer of her Maiesties the Queene of England and so shal the ships of the said Queene her subiects by those that shall goe from hence and the said ships being arriued in Spaine shall returne so soone as they haue vnshipped their men without any impediment giuen them by his Maiesty the King of Spaine or any other person in his name but rather they shall shew them fauour and helpe them if they neede anything and for securitie of this that they shall giue into the Lord Deputies hands three Captaines such as he shall chuse 9. For the securitie of the performance of these articles Don Iean offereth that he will confirme and sweare to accomplish this agreement and likewise some of the chiefe Captaines of his charge shal sweare and confirme the same in a seuerall writing 10. Item that Don Iean in person shall abide in this Kingdome where the Lord Deputy shall appoint till the last shipping vpon his Lordships word and if it happen that his people be shipped all at once the said Don Iean shall goe in the same Fleete without any impediment giuen him but rather the Lord Deputie shall giue him a good ship in which he may goe and if his said men be sent in two shippings then he shall goe in the last 11. And in like sort the said Lord Deputy shall sweare and confirme and giue his word on the behalfe of her Maiestie the Queene and his owne to keepe and accomplish this agreement and ioyntly the Lord President the Marshall of the Campe and the other of the Counsell of State and the Earles of Thomond and Clanrickard shall sweare and confirme the same in a seuerall writing I promise and sweare to accomplish and keep these articles of agreement and promise the same likewise on the behalfe of his Maiestie the Catholique King my Master Don Iean de l' Aguila Geo. Carew Clanrickard Thomond R. Wingfeild Geo. Bourcher Ro. Gardner Ric. Leuison The Date of this writing is after the new stile Don Iean de l' Aguila Fynes Moryson This agreement being asigned by hands promised by honourable words and confirmed by solemne oathes on both parts the Lord Deputie raised the siege vpon the ninth of Ianuarie and his Lordship with Don Iean de l' Aguila and some of the chiefe Spanish Captaines in his Company rode that day to Corke whether our Army marched the same day the grosse of the Spaniards remaining at Kinsale After the Lord Deputy dispersed the Army through the Townes of Mounster to be lodged namely at Corke Waterford Youghall Rosse Callan Cashell Thomastowne Kilkenny Dungaruen and Clommell The tenth of Ianuary his Lordship gaue order to the victualer to prouide a moneths Bisquit for three thousand fiue hundred Spaniards after a pound and a halfe each day for a man and to prouide for them as much beefe and beare proportionably as could be gotten with speede His Lordship gaue order that the shipping should bee vnladen in the Ports and made ready to transport the Spaniards into Spaine The eleuenth of Ianuary his Lordship receiued letters dated the two and twentieth of Nouember from the Lords in England aduertising that the Earle of Desmond was there lately dead and therefore requiring that the Company of foote kept in his name and for his maintenance should be discharged reseruing that part of intertainement which out of the same was allotted to the Lord Bishop of Cashell and to the reliefe of the Earle of Desmonds sisters Further aduertising that eighteene hundred quarters of Oates were sent into Mounster for the horse troopes which would with the transportation cost her Maiesty fifteene shillings the quarter and were to bee issued to the troopes at the same rate The same day his Lordship receiued letters dated the foure and twentieth of December from the Lords in England as followeth AFter our right hearty commendations to your Lordship we haue now at last after long and great expectation receiued your letters by Sir Oliuer S. Iohns who arriued yesternight at the Court by whom although her Maiestie hath not receiued so much satisfaction as was hoped for vpon the former probabilities contained in your dispatches yet his relation hath made a great alteration of that anxiety in which her Maiesty remained by those reports which haue been brought to this place to which in respect of your long and vnexpected silence from those parts wee could no way giue contradiction hauing not receiued before now any particular aduertisement since the arriuall of Sir Thomas Sauage and therefore no way able to make any iudgement of your estate which was thus described First that the Irish rebels lodged close by you that your Campe was full of all misery and penury to the great slander of this Kingdome lastly that there were six thousand Spaniards landed of which last particular my Lord of Ormonds man was the relator For preuention of which vncertainty hereafter we are commanded in her Maiesties name to require you from hence forward to aduertise vs frequently from time to time of your proceedings to the intent that her Maiestie may still haue meanes to prouide for your support which you may not looke to receiue from hence in the time you shall vse them except wee may be daily informed before-hand from you of all such particular circumstances as fall out in that place To come therefore now to this present dispatch wee haue perused your Iournals both of the seruices done and of the difficulties which haue interrupted your proceedings hitherto whereunto wee meane to make no other replie then this That wee that know your iudgement and affection to her Maiesties seruice so well as we 〈◊〉 must say thus much that wee are no more doubtfull that you haue done as much as you could then you haue reason we hope by the course that is taken with you from hence not to beleeue and know that her Maiesty hath in no sort neglected you For demonstration whereof you shall first vnderstand that before the arriuall of Sir Oliuer Saint Iohns her Maiestie had giuen order for foure thousand men to be sent into Mounster with such supplies of munition
great strength Since our comming to Corke I the Deputie to ease her Maiesties great and vnsupportable charger haue discharged two thousand foote in List wherein without all respects of fauour I cast those who had the weakest Companies And assoone as wee may bee better secured that the Spaniards purpose to forbeare any further attempt for this Realme which in a few moneths will appeare as many as possibly can be spared shall bee in like sort cashered To suppresse the present Rebellon in Mounster I the Deputy haue designed foure thousand foot and three hundred twenty fiue horse which being layed in such conuenient places as wee intend to lay them our hope is that in short time this Rebellion will bee extinguished But vntill wee bee better assured from the attempts of Spaine for this Kingdome the remainder of the Armie is dispersed into the remote places of the Prouince Eastward of Corke and I the Deputy doe purpose to remaine here vntill I may be more secured that there will be no cause to draw the Army backe into these parts Paul Iuie the Inginer with the best expedition that may be shall bee sent to the parts of Baltymore and Beer-hauen to chuse-out fit grounds to fortifie The like must be done at Kinsale and for the better holding of the Cities of this Prouince in due obedience of whose assurance in case the Spaniards had preuailed wee had cause to doubt wee thinke it vnder your Lordships reformation very expedient that in euery of them Cittadels were raised which guarded with a few men and hauing some Pieces of Artillerie will euerhave power to command them There places being thus strengthened there is no Port forgotten that may be fit for the Spaniards acommodating in any enterprise from hence vpon England for all which lie in Desmond Kerry or Connaght haue too large a Sea to passe for England which is subiect to infinite inconueniences And as for the coast within Saint Georges Channell the dangers of it are so infinite as there is no feare of those Ports Notwithstanding it hath pleased God to giue vs this happie successe in freeing this Realme of the Spanish Army vnder Don Iean yet fearing that some seconds vnder another Commander may be employed hither we humbly beseech your Lordships that you will bee pleased to send the victuals for which wee wrote by Sir Oliuer Saint Iohns If the Spanish supplies come we shall haue cause to expend them in this Prouince If they come not then our cares shall bee such as they shall be preserued and dispensed to the best vse for her Maiesties seruice The like sute we make for the munitions for which wee then wrote But for the supplies required of vs in the dispatch wee made by Sir Henrie Dauers your Lordships may please to make stay of them till a further occasion to use them Onely of one thousand thereof we haue great neede for the reinforcing of the Companies which are weake and therefore we desire that fiue hundred of them may land here at Corke and the other fiue hundred at Waterford and that the rest may be in readinesse if we haue any new occasion to send for them till which time we are vnwilling to charge her Maiesty or trouble your Lordships or to draw any new forces into these parts which hath made vs giue direction that Sir Arthur Chichester with the one thousand men which your Lordships haue commanded him to leade hither shal stay about the Newry and make the warre there aswell defending the Pale as annoying Tyrone for Sir Arthur being there shall be neere enough to vs if there should fall out any occasion to draw those men hither Sir Richard Moryson is made the bearer of these our letters whō we haue chosen to satisfie your Lordships in such things wherein happily you may doubt In particular wee haue acquainted him with the dates of all our letters which wee haue sent your Lordships since the landing of the Spaniards so as hee can informe your Lordships of his owne knowledge that we all or I the Deputy haue written thus often namely the three and twentieth of September the first third and foure and twentieth of October the seuenth and the thirteenth of Nouember the seuenth twelfth and seuen and twentieth of December and this present dispatch by himself If any of these haue miscaried or found so slow passage as your Lordships expectations were not satisfied in such time as for the seruice had been fit we beseech you be pleased to consider that the like may happen to such of yours as are sent hither And this may appeare by your Lordships letters which we last receiued For the eleuenth of Ianuarie as is noted in the beginning of this letter we receiued your Lordships of the foure and twentieth of December and with it another of the seuen and twentieth of that moneth touching the apparrell a third of the two and twentieth of December yea a fourth of the two and twentieth of Nouember Wee haue licensed Captaine Iosias Bodley to passe into England vpon some priuate businesse importing him and haue addressed him to your Lordships to receiue your pleasure If you resolue vpon any fortifications in this Kingdome the Gentleman is very will experienced and practised in that Art and one whom in all our workes wee haue principally emploied which he hath with great hazard labour and sufficiency discharged We find all men here to imbrace with much gladnesse her Maiesties resolution to leaue the apparrelling of the souldier being much better contented to haue full pay without detaining of any summes for their clothes and we hope it will be a meane to make the Captains keepe their companies strong And as your Lordships haue directed vpon notice of the decease of the Earle of Desmond the company allowed for him is discharged saue what hath pleased you to continue to his sister to the Archbishop of Casbell and 10. Power Order is also taken that the Oates sent ouer hither shall be issued at as high rates as we can but it hath neuer beene hitherto seene that the price exceeded ten shillings the quarter and we thinke they cannot be issued at a higher rate for the souldier cannot liue paying any more but will rather suffer his horse to starue which would be greater inconueniency to the seruice then if the oates had not come at all though that way also they must haue starued if the siege had continued The Spaniards shipped from hence to Plymoth where either such as had runneaway from the Spaniards or such as were in Ryncorren and Castle Nyparke and yeelded vpon promise of their liues onely and so much I the Deputy signified by my letters to the Gentlemen of the parts where they should land of purpose to be made knowne to your Lordships and that they might accordingly be suffred to passe into France or some other Countrey which was as much as they desired And so c. From Corke this foureteenth of January
doe with some greefe obserue in the recommending of many hither for Captaines places when some haue giuen ouer their charge here by which meanes I can neither lessen the Queeries charge as I would by cashing of their Companies nor preferre others thereunto whom I see daily to haue very well deserued it and by this meanes comes in both selling of Companies a thing which I would otherwise neuer suffer and the placing of such Captaines as those which we found here at the beginning of this warre whose insufficiency had almost lost this Kingdome I beseech you Sir conceiue that I haue iust cause to be greeued that must draw vpon my selfe the hatred of a great many that I should discharge in the great cash that I intend who will euer hold me the ouerthrow of them and all their fortunes especially if I be not able to bestow vpon some of the worthiest of them such other places in this Kingdome as haue fallen within the gift of my Predecessors here Although God is my witnes this doth nothing so much greeue mee as that I shall thereby bee disabled to serue her Maiesty as I would to make a speedy end of the warre that might be both safe and durable by leauing such in all places as I know to be best able to serue her and such as if they did not imploy their time in her continuall seruice might more iustly then any other with their presence importune her for rewards of their former seruices And so Sir c. At the same time the Lord Deputy wrote this following letter to her Maiestie May it please your Sacred Maiestie I Haue receiued to my inestimable comfort your gracious letters of the fifteenth of Iuly for none of my indeuours doe satisfie mee in doing you seruice vntill I finde them approued by your Maiestie and when I haue done all that I can the vttermost effects of my labours doe appeare so little to my owne zeale to doe more that I am often ashamed to present them vnto your faire and royall eyes which is the onely cause that I doe not more often presume to present your Maiestie with the account of my proceedings led on with a hope and restlesse desire to improue them vnto some such degree as might bee more worthy of your knowledge And whereas it pleaseth your Maiestie to restraine mee from hearkening vnto the Arch-Traytor Tyrone were it not in respect of my desire to cut off suddenly the chargeable thread of this warre there could nothing come more welcome vnto me then to bee his continuall Scourge and as by the fauour of God he is already brought to a verie low ebbe so vtterly to cut him off or cast him out of this Countrie And although I haue great reason to presume that if hee bee not assisted by any forraigne power the ruine of his estate is certaine yet how as a Vagabond Woodkerne hee may preserue his life and how long I know not and yet therein I humbly desire your Maiestie to beleeue that I will omit nothing that is possible to be compassed And for the caution your Maiesty doth vouchsafe to giue mee about taking in submitties to their aduantage and to the abuse of your mercy I beseech your Maiestie to thinke that in a matter of so great importance my affection will not suffer me to commit so grosse a fault against your seruice as to doe any thing for the which I am not able to giue you a very good account the which aboue all things I desire to doe at your owne royall feete and that your seruice here may giue me leaue to fill my eyes with their onely deare and desired obiect I beseech God confound all your enemies and vnfaithfull subiects and make my hand as happy as my heart is zealous to doe you seruice Your Maiesties truest seruant Mountioy The Fort of Enishlanghen aboue mentioned the inuesting whereof made the Lord Deputie deferte the taking of the felld was seated in the middest of a great Bogge and no way accessable but through thicke Woods very hardly passable It had about it two deepe Ditches both compassed with strong Pallisadoes a verie high and thicke rampeire of earth and timber and well flancked with Bulworkes For defence of the place fortie two Musketeres and some twentie sword-men were lodged in it But after that our Forces with very good industry had made their approches to the first ditch the besieged did yeeld the place to the Queene and themselues absolutely to her mercy So a ward of English was left in the Castle after the spoile thereof was taken wherein were great store of plate and the chiefe goods of the best men in the Countrie being all fled to Tyrone and the men there taken were brought bound to the Newry and presented vpon the nineteenth of August to the Lord Deputy The same day his Lordship wrote this letter following to Master Secretarie Cecyll SIR I haue lately written to you at large and I haue now no more matter of importance to trouble you with onely since my last we haue taken Enishlaghlen a place of great importance and the strongest that I haue heard of to bee held by any Rebell in Ireland Henrie Oneale the eldest sonne of Shane Oneale is broken out of prison as his brother did the like long before and because they doe cast themselues without all conditions into her Maiesties protection I cannot but vse them well but as things stand now I doe not see any great vse to be made of them and I feare I shall be more troubled with them then if they were still where they were To morrow by the grace of God I am againe going into the field as neere as I can vtterlie to waste the Countrie of Tyrone and to preuaile the Garrisons there of some Corne to keepe their horses in the Winter which being done I will leaue the Garrisons to take their effect which when they are well prouided and aswell placed will doe more then an Armie And Sir except things fall out much contrarie to that which wee haue good reason to expect I presume that if the Queene keepe these Garrisons strong and well prouided all this Winter shee may before the next Spring send into this Kingdome Sir Robert Gardner with some other good Common-wealths men with her pleasure how much and how euery man shall hold his land and what lawes shee will haue currant here and I am confident it will bee obeyed Neither is the reducing of this Prouince to bee too little regarded for ill inhabited as it was with no industrie and most part wasted I can assure you the Earle of Tyrone in the time of these warres did raise vpon Vlster aboue fourescore thousand pounds by the yeere and to fall from that excesse I thinke they might bee brought to yeeld the Queene willingly much more then euer she expected presently and in time more then I dare now promise And after this Winter I thinke she may
still reiect him and published it that her Maiesty had commanded me not to hearken vnto him yet still he continued to vrge me to become a suter to the Queene for him It is true I haue been euer loth to negotiate with him any otherwise then with my sword because I find it dangerous for my selfe considering the Queenes resolution but vpon the receit of my Lord Presidents letter of a new Spanish inuasion I aduentured thus sarre to entertaine his motions that if he would sweare to submit himselfe absolutely to her Maiesties mercy if it should please her to receiue him whatsoeuer succour he should receiue in the meane time I would onely vndertake to become an humble sutor vnto her Maiestie for him so that notwithstanding till I knew her pleasure I would not desist in my prosecution This day he sent one to me agreeing to so much but with all propounding certaine Articles that he desired should bee granted whereupon misliking that he should in any wise capitulate I commanded his messenger presently to depart and forbad him to send any more to me and to cut off all hope to his party I haue directed all the Garrisons anew to proclame his head and the like to be done in the Creaghtes of such as are become subiects In the meane time N. N. out of his owne head and by that general authorie that is giuen to al Commanders to parley with Rebels hath spoken with Tyrone to the effect of his owne letter which euen now I receiued and such as it is I send it you I protest before the eternall God it was without my priuitie but I must beare with him for greater faults then this for he and all the Irish are very irregular though he be fit enough for the charge I haue giuen him which is onely of Irish Companies in a Garrison which of all other I can worst victuall and they will make best shift for themselues and greatest spoile vpon the enemy I haue commanded him to meddle no more with Tyrone for if I should thinke it fit I would imploy one better instructed for that purpose It is true Sir that for many respects I haue been fearefull to deliuer freely my opinion what course I thinke fit to be taken with Tyrone and so am I now but if it shall please her Maiestie to trust me with the authoritie to hearken vnto him I would neuer vse it but when I should bee sure to giue her a very good account of my proceedings therein for the lower he is brought the more it will be for the Queenes honour to shew him mercie and it is thought he might bee made an excellent instrument if Spaine continue their purposes for this Kingdome If the Queene bee resolued neuer to receiue him it is most necessary that Vlster should presently be made a Prouinciall Gouernement for this people seeme to thirst for iustice and by that meanes the dependancy vpon the Oneales will be soone extinguished If the Queene be loth to augment her charge I thinke it were much better that the institution of Connaght were discontinued and the like Officers to be transferred hither It is true that in all Ireland for the good of the generall seruice there is no place so fit for the Deputy to be resident as at Athlone and if he were there Connaght would little neede a Gouernour I haue here but little time and much 〈◊〉 and therefore I cannot write to you of all things so largely as I would the which I purpose to doe when I come to Dublyn onely of this I pray you Sir resolue me by your next We haue here the worst intelligence of any Instruments that any Prince in Christendome doth imploy in so waighty a businesse I doe know some that I doe thinke were fit to be imploied both in Spaine and about the Traitor here yet though I know my selfe to be honest they may proue knaues If the Queene be so confident of my faith that shee will be pleased to make the best interpretations of what I shall doe therein I should be able to doe her perchance some good seruice and giue my selfe greater light of all things then now I haue but if shee mislike it I will onely say about me with my Sword though it be in the darke It is not a Letter nor a reasonable Booke that can deliuer all such conceipts of mine as I thinke necessary to let you know of this Kingdome wherefore I dispaire to doe it till I may haue the happinesse to see you If I had any certainety that the feare of Spaine were past I would make a great diminution of the Lyst wherefore I pray you Sir if you haue in England any assurance thereof let me know it as soone as you can but here we looke for them euery hower and they say in the Pale it is held as sure as if they were already come If you shew the inclosed Letter I pray you put your finger on the latter part or blot it out and yet if I thought the Queene would not bee angry I would giue the Lady leaue to come to her Brother for I am loth to make warre with Weomen especially since shee is now great with child The same twelfth day of September his Lordship wrote from the Newry to Sir Oliuer Lambert Gouernour of Connaght this following letter SIr yesterday at my comming to this Towne your messenger deliuered mee your letters containing a relation of your proceedings since your going to the Abby of Boyle where and in your returne thence I perceiue you haue had some knocking on both sides and the Rebels being so many as you note I haue good cause to bee glad you sped so wel and parted with so good reputation to our side and so little losse withall which I doubt not proceeded chiefely from your good command and managing of that businesse for which I may not omit to yeeld you many thankes neither will I be sparing to testifie so much where it may most redound to your due and well deserued commendation Yet must I withall note that it somewhat grieues me to obserue so great an alteration in those that of late seemed desirous or at least not vnwilling to receiue her Maiesties mercy for that I haue some reason to bee doubtfull that this sudden change proceedeth not altogether out of a certaine expectation of Spanish succours but out of some opinion they haue conceiued of a purpose you haue to dispossesse the principall men of their lands and liuings and to get the same into her Maiesties hands by indictments and Offices to be found thereof and if they once entertaine such a conceit they will assuredly put vp all to any hazard and to their vttermost means shun to be reclamed which I must acknowledge to you I do the rather doubt in that Tybot ne long hath grieuously complained to me of the committall of his Cosen Dauye Bourke and some hard vsage towards himselfe for which he seemes
thinke whom we know to be honest diligent and a sufficient seruant that we doe touch you in the least degree with lacke of sinceritie or desire to doe vs seruice for of both these Wee haue great reason to take gratious recognition but rather to let you to know how sensible We are of the clamour how negligent your Deputies haue been in many places to charge Vs here how great portion of treasures is due by your certificats and how necessary it is seeing but by this coyne those expences cannot be borne that all super fluous charge be cut off and this matter of the exchange corrected in some degree or other before like a Canker it consumes Our treasure which is the sinewes of our Crowne We pray you therefore as We doe meane here to doe with Our priuie Counsell call to you some three or foure of that Counsell of the best vnderstanding and thinke among you of some better cautions for this matter of exchange wherein seeing We doe see the State of that Kingdome principally with your eyes We shall be contented to incline most to those courses which you shall find conuenient And because no day goeth ouer our head wherein we are sure there is not some increase to that loade Wee doe hereby giue you Our Deputie authoritie without tarrying to aduertise Vs of your opinion one way or other to publish a Proclamation or order either for tolleration or explanation of the forme of Our former institutions which shall seeme best to you with consideration of all due circumstances not doubting but you shall finde many things which were fit for Vs to suffer in the beginning which by change of circumstances may now be altered And because in these matters of paiments which flow like bloud out of the vaines time is pretious if there be any thing which you and that Counsell shall find fit to be done for preuention of some part of this abundant consumption growing by the freedome of all persons to haue the exchange seeing the distance of place to be passed by sea is subiect to length and vncertaintie We are content prouisionally to warrant your proceedings in any thinh you doe or publish in Our name It remaineth now that We doe satisfie you Our Deputie of some other things contained in your priuate letters to the Secretary First for your doubt you may not vse your best meanes to explore the practices of Spaine and the inward treasons of the Rebell because your Ministers may often prooue vnhonest Wee haue no more to say then this That if you consider that We haue trusted you as absolutely with that Kingdome as euer We did Deputie you neede make small doubt of any other interpretation of your actions in that point towards you for when soeuer the greatest curiositie shall censure our actions it shall neuer appeare where Wee see faith and dutie onely intentionall in origine that Wee would be willing to censure the actions of Our Ministers according to the successe And therefore as We doe leaue liberty here in England to Our Secretary of State to employ such persons as are likest to discouer practises though Wee allow not any immediate treaties or corespondencies with subiects of other Prouinces but where We are particularly acquainted with it so doe We giue you warrant by such ordinarie meanes as may bee taken by opportunity of persons to passe to and fro vnder colours of trade or traffick to forraigne parts to informe your selfe of the enemies preparations in such things as belongs thereunto that you may be able from time to time to fashion your owne present proceedings according to such aduertisements as may be brought you seeing you may sometimes receiue them with more expedition and more freedome for things concerning that Realme then they can bee vsually conuaied to our Ministers here from those whom they imploy for our seruice from whence you haue seene what iudgement We haue made all this yeere of their distraction and weakenesse though We stick not in some measure to prouide for you though farre short of that which Wee must haue done if Wee had credited those bruites which were brought into that Kingdome by such as We are perswaded if it were wel obserued came out of Spaine ful of deuice and practice to blow that abroad which they beleeued not Next concerning your opinion for the ordering of some prouinciall Gouernements and making your residence at Athloue for the place VVee know it is scituate very well to answere all seruices and as things stand Vlster hath neede of good distribution now as much as Connaght wherein as VVe can very well like that you doe prepare for residence in that place whereby the limits of Our Pale may bee enlarged so VVe wish you that both in Vlster and in Connaght you doe fashion the commandment in such sort as one Gouernour haue not too much Countrie to rule for where men are more absolute then ordinary they are commonly apt to vse things with lesse care and moderation so as in that matter VVee confesse to you that VVee had rather haue many good subiects imployed in many places then any one to manage too much For the matter of charge of your residence because we know not what charge belongs vnto it to make the place capable nor how it may stand with the State of the Towne of Dublyn which is a Port and not to be ouerthrowne standing so commodiously for passage out of England We would haue all circumstances wel considered and then you shall receiue more of Our direction Lastly for Tyrone We doe so much mislike to giue him any grace that hath beene the onely author of so much effusion of bloud and the most vngratefull Viper to Vs that raised him and one that hath so often deceiued Vs both when hee hath craued his pardon and when he hath receiued it of Vs as when Wee consider how much the VVorld will impute to Vs of weakenesse to shew fauour to him now as if without that we could not giue an ende to this Rebellion VVee still remaine determined not to giue him grace in any kinde And seeing it is vnsafe for any Prince to make all faults appeare veniall because euery offender will thereby become insolent and seeing in common reason the cutting off so many associates must needes haue left him a bodie without limmes and so not worthy Our respecting VVee doe very well allow of your late reiecting him For when VVee looke on his manner of seeking mercy at all times VVe doe still certainely conclude that it is done vpon some practise to serue some present turne seeing one day hee onely desires simple mercy for his life and another day falles to capitulate neither can VVee see why so much depends vpon his reduction when for ought VVe know no man can aduise vs if hee should come in and bee at libertie hereafter out of Our hands how VVee could bee so assured of him but that still Wee must bee in
dayes to determine the generall causes of the Empire The fourth Court is the Burgraues right by which debts by specialty are recouered The Kingdome of Bohemia hath a prouinciall Law deriued from the Law of Saxony and for that cause there be few Students of the Ciuill Law but because the Emperour hath instituted three Chaunecries one for the Law of Saxony which Prouince lies vpon the North side of the Kingdome the second for the Law of Bohemia the third for the Ciuill Law in respect of the Emperours subiects of Austria lying on the South side o. Bohemia for this cause there be many Doctors of Ciuill Law and they also much esteemed in the Emperours Court. If a Bohemian haue a cause in any Court of the Germans he is tried by the Ciuill Law or by the Law of Saxony and if a German answer in the Court of the Bohemians he is tried by the prouinciall Law of Bohemia and the Defendant drawes the cause to his owne Court Morauia a Prouince incorporated to Bohemia vseth the Language and Law of that Kingdome In the old City of Prage howsoeuer almost all speake Dutch yet the Law is giuen in the Bohemian tongue by a statute lately made Silesia a Prouince incorporated to Bohemia hath the manners and language of Germany and Iustice is there administred by the Law of Bohemia deriued from the Law of Saxony but for the greater part by the Ciuill Law Generally in Germany if a cause be receiued into any Court and the defendant escape to another City the Magistrate of the place must send him backe to answer the Plaintife his accuser The causes of the Empire as I formerly said are handled in the Imperiall Chamber at Spire And therefore it will not be amisse to relate some Statutes made in the Imperial meetings which are collected into a Booke vulgarly called Reichs abscheidt that is the Epitome or abstract of the Kingdome but I will onely set downe breefly some of the cheefe statutes It was decreed in the yeere 1556 that no subiects of the Electors nor any Inhabitants or Earles of their Prouinces should appeale from them to this Court of the Imperiall Chamber The Emperour Fredericke the third in the yeere 1442 made these statutes That no Prince should by armes right himselfe against another before Iustice haue beene denied to him in this Imperiall Court. That the Iudge of the Chamber should be a Prince or Barron and of sixteene Assessors halfe should be Ciuill Lawyers and halfe of the Knightly Order That the greater part should carry the cause and the voices being equall the Iudges voyce should cast it That the Iudge should not be absent without leaue of the Assessors nor they without his leaue and that without some great cause more then foure of them should not be absent at one time That in absence they should haue no voyce That the cheef Iudge being sicke shall substitute a Prince in his place who shall first take his oath The Procters and Aduocates shall take no more of their Clients then the Iudges shal appoint and shall sweare to auoide slander and malice The Notaries shall execute the iudgements in the name of the Emperour Appeales shall be of no force except they be made in order to the next superiour Court and so ascending All that belong to this Chamber shall be free from all payments but not one of them shall either keepe an Inne or trade as a Merchant The Iudge shall deliuer ouer to the Senate of the City those that are guilty of death By the same decree all fees for writing and processes are set downe so as the Clyent swearing pouerty shall goe free so as hee sweare to pay the fees when he shall be able Further it was decreed that the seate of this Chamber or Court should not be changed but by the consent of the Imperial diot or Parliament That the Defendants hiding themselues the Princes or Citizens to whom they are subiect shall sweare vpon a set day that they are not priuy to any of their actions or else shall satisfie all damages That the Procters shall speake nothing but to the purpose and for ieasts or impertinent things in word or writing shal be punished by a mulct in money and by being put to silence in that cause By the Emperour Charles the fifth in the Diot at Augsburg the yeere 1518 two new Assessors were added and it was decreed that Charles as Emperour should appoint the cheefe Iudge two Assessors of the Law and two Gentlemen Assessors and as heire to his patrimony should appoint two learned Assessors That three Gentlemen Assessors should be named by the three secular electors three learned by the three spiritual Electors and three Gentlemen with three learned by the common consent of the six Communities For the Empire was deuided into sixe Communities vulgarly called Kreysen for the collection of tributes aad like duties as other Kingdomes are deuided into Counties and since that time in the yeere 1522 for the same purposes the Empire was deuided into ten Communities Further it was decreed that twenty two persons should with like equality be named yeerely to visit this Chamber or Court. That no appeale should be admitted into this Court vnder the value of fiftie Guldens and that the executions of iudgements should be done by the next Magistrates and they not willing or not daring to doe it should be referred to the Emperour At a Parliament in the yeere 1522 it was decreed That no stranger should be appointed cheefe Iudge That for absence the pensions should be abated after the rate of the time and be distributed among the present That the Iudges should sweare to take no guifts not to prolong causes and to doe right without respect of persons and that the Procters should take no fees but such as are set downe by statutes At the Parliament in the yeere 1555 it was decreed that no Assessors should be of any other Religion then of the Roman or the Confession of the Protestants made at Augsburg That one Assessor should not interrupt the speech of another nor should rise to conferre one with the other and that all speeches of anger should be punished and all be sworne to keep secret the Acts of the Councell That Aduocates should not be more then foure and twenty in number That any man should be admitted to speake for himselfe first swearing to auoide slander That this Chamber or Court should be yeerely visited vpon the first of May by the Archbishop of Mentz as substitute to the Emperour by three other each chosen by one of the Electors by two Princes one temporall the other spirituall and by one Counsellor chosen by each order namely one by the Earles and one by each free City to whom the complaints should be presented vpon the first of March That no man should forbid his subiects to appeale to this Court except they should willingly renounce the appeale but that all froward