Selected quad for the lemma: kingdom_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
kingdom_n	call_v	honour_n	king_n	2,041	5	3.5204	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A00316	Apophthegmes that is to saie, prompte, quicke, wittie and sentencious saiynges, of certain emperours, kynges, capitaines, philosophiers and oratours, aswell Grekes, as Romaines, bothe veraye pleasaunt [et] profitable to reade, partely for all maner of persones, [et] especially gentlemen. First gathered and compiled in Latine by the ryght famous clerke Maister Erasmus of Roterodame. And now translated into Englyshe by Nicolas Vdall.; Apophthegmata. English	Erasmus, Desiderius, d. 1536.; Udall, Nicholas, 1505-1556.	1542 (1542)	STC 10443; ESTC S105498	420,230	774

to bee he aunswered 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is a citizē of the worlde Signifiyng that a philosophier in whatsoeuer place of the worlde he is resyaunte or maketh his abode liueth in his owne natiue countree And all the worlde to bee but as one citee for manne to inhabite When Diogenes on a tyme asked an almes After what fourme Diogenes asked an almes of the cōmen almener of the citee and in speakyng to the publique almener of the citee who is in greke called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he vsed none other style but this verse of Homere 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That is As for other persones despoyle of their geare But thy handes frō Hector see thou forbeare The festiuitee or myrthe and pleasaunte grace of the saiyng in this pointe consisteth that where he should haue saied 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 geue me your almes or geue me your charitee he vsed a woorde of contrarie significacion saiyng 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 despoyle out of harnesse or turne naked out of the cloutes By the name of Hector notyng his owneself And that persone committeth plaine robberie or spoyle who denyeth an almes to any poore creature beeyng in extreme neede And in deede menne of this ordre been moste commenly full of brybyng embesleyng and purloynyng Paramoures he affermed to bee the queenes of kynges Stroumpet●es and paramour●s Diog●nes affermed to bee the queenes of kynges because the same might craue of the said kynges whatsoeuer their phansie lusted and bee assured to obtein their askyng For vpō this he gaue to theim the name of queenes not for that thesame wer pieres mates or feloes like with the wiues of the kynges but for that thei abused the kynges selfes as subiectes vnto theim at eche becke and cōmaundemēte The kynges selfes dooe not at al seasons impetrate of the people that thei would haue by exacciō but to a paramour nothyng is denyed To paramo●res nothyng is denyed Of this sorte trade myne opiniō is that the barbarous or saluaige kynges wer in olde tyme. The Atheniens of mere adulacion or flaterie to please Alexander made a decree that thesame Alexander should bee taken and wurshipped for Bacchus who by another name was called Liber pater How Diogenes mocked y● decree made by the Atheniēs that Alexander the greate should bee taken and wurshipped for liber pater that is to saie for Bacchus ☞ Liber pater Was one of the names of Bacchus or Dionysius the Godde of wynes for Bacchus first inuented the vse and the makyng of wyne and because wyne deliuereth the herte from all care and thought when a bodye is pipe merye Dionysius was emong the latines called liber of the verbe libero ras to deliuer to ridde to dispeche or to discharge This honour Diogenes laughyng to skorne saide And I praie you my maisters make me * Serapis or Apis the highest the chief God of the Egyptians whom thei wurshipped in the likenesse of a liue oxe For so it was that Osiris the soonne of Iupiter of Nio●e the doughter of Phoroneus beeyng the kyng of the Argiues first succeded thesame Phoroneus in the kyngdome of the saied Argiues and when he had there reigned certain yeres he left his brother A●gia●us protectour gouernour of the kingdome of all Achaia and to wynne wictorie honour and cōqueste made a voiage into Egypte and the Egyptians subdued he tooke to wife Isis by an other name called Io the doughter of Inachus first kyng of the said Argiues and reigned ouer the Egyptians Emong whō as well Isis for inuentyng the fourme of letters and the feacte of writyng as also Osiris for many other royall artes and feact●s whiche he to theim taught wer bothe honoured wurshipped as Goddes At last Osiris was priuely by his brother Typhon slain and long sought by Isis and at length found hewed and mangl●ed all to gobbettes or pieces not ferre from the citee of Syene whiche Syene as Plinius in the secounde booke testifieth is situate in zona torr●●a so directely vnder the tropike of Cancer that when the soonne beeyng at the highest dooeth entret into the said signe of Cancer at midsoomer about fifteen dares afore the feaste of the natiuitee of Saint Ihon Baptiste it ●yeth ●ust ouer the toppe of the citee● and causeth in thesame nomaner shadoe of any thyng at all to bee seen or to appere Isis c●used hir housbāde with muche mournyng and lamentaciō to bee buiryed in a litle Isle then called Abatos● in the Marice nigh to the citee of Memphi● beeyng the chief or principal citee of all Egypte nexte after Alexandria wiche Marice was from thensforth named Styr that is the place of mournyng waillyng But when in thesame Marice had soodainly appered to the Egyptians a certain ore thei estemyng the oxe to bee Osiris fell prostrate and kneled to it and tooke the oxe aliue● brought hym to a temple which afterward was called Serapion where thei did to hym all honour and homage wurshipped thesame as their god seruyng hym dayly with golde and all precious ve●selles and with all delicates mete for a kyng or a god to bee serued withall And called hym Apis whiche in that language is an oxe And euer after a certain tyme thei would cast hym aliue as he was into a floodde where he should bee drouned This dooē thei would goo with mournyng and lamentacion and neuer ceasse seekyng vntill thei had found a newe oxe as like in colour and all proporcion of feacture vnto the first Apis as might possibly bee And thus frō tyme to tyme wurshipped the Egiptians a liue oxe as their god and gaue to thesame first of all the name of Apis and afterward that the first was dedde or the secounde in processe Serapis by a woorde coumpouned of Apis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a cophin suche as y● carkesses of noble persones are cheisted in ere thei bee laied in their graue And so was it first Sorapis in conclusion by chaungeyng the letter o in to e Serapis so that Osiris Apis and Serapis is all one Serapis too For in thesame degree that Bacchus was emong those that wer called ‡ Satyri as the poeticall fables tellen and Plynius in the fifth booke dooeth testifie wer fower beastes in the mountaines of Ethiopia and of the Indes of excedyng lightenesse of foote and swiftenesse in rennyng of the figure shape and likenesse of a manne sauyng that thei had hornes had the feete and legges of a gote clouen and full of rough heare And these maner monstres the olde antiquitee beleued to bee the goddes of the forestes of wildernesse and of all rusticall places of housbandrie Wherof Saint Hierome saieth in this maner speakyng of Saint Antonie He sawe an e●fishe manne with a long croked haukes nose ● a forehedde or brough with hornes stickyng out whose nether partes of the bodye grewe out into feete suche as

106. Beaste of many heddes is the people 109 3●8 Beastes that are most harmful 118. Bealyes of gluttons c. 119. Best tyme to wedde a wife 124 Beautyfull strumpettes are lyke to dedly ●oyson 137. Beneficence of Philippus 170 Beneuolence how it should be purchased 179. Beardes are an hinderaunce in battaill 185. Bedde of a persone that is in de● c. 242. Bias receiued a talent of Antigonus 223. Biddelles what their officies is 240. Blysse of heauen wherby it is obteyned 96. Blushing is a tokē of vertue 125 Bondeseruaunte to the pleasures of the bodye 4. Boldnesse and trust on a mannes well dooyng 26. Bostyng of a mannes selfe is a foolyshe thyng 53 Boste of drynkyng is vayne ibi Bondeseruauntes of glorie 102. Bondeseruauntes howe thei are called in Greke 148. Bountie of Alexander 184.195 Bountie and largesse is befallyng for kynges 215 Bosome sermons oraciōs 216. Breach of loue betwene Aes●hines and Aristippus 66. Brasidas a Capitaine of the Lacedemonians 232. Brundusium a to●●e in the kyngdome of Naples 268. Brutus and Cassius slewe Iulius Caesar. 270. Buiriyng of Diogenes 82. Bu●riyng of the Iewes ibi Buiriyng is not to be cared for saied Diogenes 36. Bucephalus and horsse 200.276 Busyris a kyng of Egypte 326. Byzāciū a citie of Thracia 294 C CAlamitees vniuersall 37. Cātharis a lytle vermyn 103 Callisthenes the disciple of Aristotle 107 Caiges for woomenne 120. Caria a prouynce in Asia 185. Callisthenes con●emned the facions of Alexander his courte 202. Casket deske or standyshe of Darius 204. Cas●ius Seuerus 235. Cares of a good prince 242. Cato kylled hymself at V●ica 242. 269.331 Caprae an Isle 262. Caesar hāged vp the pirates 263 Caesars excuse for not leuyng the dictatourship 27● Capitain●s many good souldyoures but a fewe 298. Cato 304. Caius Popilius 308. Caesar wente in his go●ne wantonly girt about hym 313. Caninius Reuilus was consul but .vj. houres 315. Cato would be b●isily occupied in the daye tyme and mery in the night 331. Caelius had a loude voice 331. Ceramicus a place of buiriall in Athenes 87. Centaures what they wer 118. Censour a magistrate in Rome 247. 284. Centumuiri what thei wer 312 Chefest ●t●e of younge men 35 Children what thei get by goyng to schoole 50. Children howe thei should be brought vp 75. Childrens dyete assigned by Diogenes 80. Chiliades of Erasmus 91. Cherronea a r●gion nigh to Hellespontus 102.163 Charibdis and Scylla 119. 321. Cheril●s a poete 194. Children begotten towarde the soonne risyng c. 309 Cyniques secte and what thei wer 68. Ci●ce is there none without a lawe 153. Ciuilitee of Philyppus 163. Cinna sought to destroie Augustus 238. Ciuica corona what it is 255 Cilicians the people of Cilicia 263. Cicero was lowely to his enemies but to his frend●s froward● 289. Cicero what it is 304. Cicero made a Galle free citezen 313. Cicero howe he rebuked his ●ought●r for goyng to faste his sōne for going to slowe 314. Cicero his aūswer for Milo 318 Cicero diuorced his wife Teren●●a 319. Cicero mocked Curio 320. Cicero his riedle 323. Cicero coulde cast a miste ouer the seates of iudgemente 325. Cicers what thei are 327. Cicero howe he checked a young feloe 328. Cicero drounke water 330. Cicero what he saied to Iulius Caesar. 331. Cicero defeacted the accusacion of Marcus Callidius 332. Cicero iestyng on Isauricus 332 Cloystures wer full of pride 23 Climate is a region or coste of a countree 216. Clemēcie of Augustus 226.231 256. 258. 260. Clemencie of Pompeius 284. Clamorous and brallyng oratours 306. Clodius a Romaine of noble birth 318. Cneus Pompeius 279. Corrupt maners of the Atheniens 15. Compaignye of wyse manne 19 Couetousnesse ofte tyme beguileth the bellye 56. Cōmunicacyon ought to bee fruitefull 71. Coueteous persones doo most of all crye out on aua●ice 77. Cōmodytees of philosophy ●● Corinthus a citee in Achaia 84. 341. Comunicacion ought not to bee vaine 7● Coueteousnesse the roote of al eiuill 117. Corrupte and effemynate maniers of the Atheniens 1●4 Cōmmunicacion declareth a mannes mynde 145. Cookes of Alexander ●●5 Continencie or chastitee of Alexander 189. 197. Corduba a citee in Spaine 260. Consuls of Roome 173. Consid●us a Senatour 276. Constancie of Phocion 297. Coce of Cocus 318. Contēcion betwene Pythias and Demosthenes 339. Critias and Charicles what thei were 10. Credence is not to bee geuen to the ignoraunt 20. Crabb●d wyues compared to rough horsses 25. Craneum what it is 93. Crete the Isle nowe called Candie 97. Craterus desired Diogenes to dwelle with hym 131. Craterus auaunced by Alexander 194. Cruelnesse of Vidius 259. Crassus could curry fauour 326. Custome easeth the ●ediousnesse of incōmoditees 24. Customes in diuerse places what thei are 34. Curtiꝰ a knight of Roome 245. Cyzicus or Cyzicum an Isle in Propontis 61. Cypres trees are elfishe and froward to spryng 296. D. DAnae the doughter of Acrisius 166. Dariꝰ his offre to Alexāder 185 Damasippꝰ praised his wyne of .xl. yeres olde 323. Deseases of late bāquettyng 8. Death is cōmē to al ꝑsones 21. Death is like to a soūd slepe 36. Desperate ꝑsones what thei should dooe 72. Demosthenes his tale of an asse 75. Death is no eiuill thyng 150. Death riddeth a bodie out of peines 156. Demaratus a Corinthian 177. Demochares Parrhesiastes 179 Delphos a toune in the regiō of Phocis 201. Demetrius the sonne of Antigonus 217. Death whiche is beste 270. Demosthenes spake to please menne 293. Demades had no feloe in makyng of an oracion 299. Demosthenes what he was 333. Demosthenes his aunswer to Pythias ibi Demosthenes his excuse for the studie of eloquence 334. Demosthe one of the .x. whom the Atheniens sent ambassadours to Philippus kyng of Macedonie 335 Demosthenes mocked for flyyng from battaill ibi Demosthenes escaped beyng in the h●des of Alexāder 336. Demosthenes why he was banyshed 337. Demosthenes what he saied to Pallas 338. Demosthenes a●ouched it a daungerous thyng to medle with the affaires of a commen weale 339. Demosthenes restored from banyshement ibi Demosthenes compared his returnyng with the returnyng of Alcibiades 340. Demost. taūted Demades 342. Demosthenes would not bee at the becke of the people 34● Demosthenes howe he defended the cause of a poore wooman 343. Demades was couetous of money 344. Diete temperate to bee vsed 3. Difference betwene a carnall louer and a frende 32. Difference betwene the learned and vnlearned 45.53 Differēce betwene the solle of a philosophier of a verlet 48. Dionysiꝰ offēded with Plato 61 Dionysius had his eares in his feete 62. Dionysius gaue in reward to Aristippus money and to Plato bookes 65. Dionysiꝰ would call Aristippus foole all to naught ibi Diogenes was Antisthenes his scholare 65. Diogen his zele to sapiēce 69. Diogenes dwel● in a tubbe ibi Diogenes had no house of his owne ibi Diogenes confuted Zeno. 94. Diogenes nicknamed the scholes of Euclides 70. Diogenes gaue hym selfe to 〈◊〉 after philosophie ibi

lucre to depraue corrupte this autour to putte in more then he wrote and also to leaue out of that he wrote whiche ought moste of all to haue feared theim from soo dooyng For euerie wryter the better accepted and sette by that he is and the greater name that he hath emong learned menne so muche the rather shall he for lucre auauntage bee corrupted That this autour hath been soo vsed the veraye diuersitee of the Greeke texte not agreeyng one copie with an other dooeth right well argue and proue For all others omitted to speake onely of this presēt werke that nowe is in hand the translacion of Philelphus hath certain thynges whiche Raphael lefte vntouched Raphael likewise some thynges of whiche Philelphus maketh no mencion at all Besides this where Plutarchus in the preface by expresse woordes dooeth plainly testifie that in the liues he had myngleed the saiynges and actes of noble mēne together th one with thother in this werke for briefnesse to haue lynked together onely their apophthegmes or saiynges yet dooe wee see right many thynges admixt putte in emōg the apophthegmes whiche in veraye dede are no saiynges at all nor any other thyng but me●e pollices of warre which the Grekes callen Strategemata Now in the self same werke one and yesame thynges so often again and again repeated dooen thei not openly crye this argumente and matier by some other feloe to haue been cōtamynated sloubreed So that wee maye now pardone that in certain places an apophthegma is recited vnder the name of the persone that it was spoken to and not of hym by whom it was spokē as of Lysymachus Philippus For in this treactise of Plutarchus whiche is entitleed Collectanea that is to saie a manual of soondrie and pretie histories and saiynges compiled together for all readers the aunswer that Philippus made vnto Lysimachus is told and reported vnder the title or chapiter of Lysimachus But yet it was an higher poincte of presumpcion that of one werke thei haue made it twoo For because Plutarchus of the saiynges of Lacedaemonians whiche been a veraye greate noumbre had touched onely so many as for the Emperour beeyng with many matiers sore embus●ed semed like to suffice He whosoeuer it was at lest if it wer but one feloe no mo that sette handes therunto hath assigned to the saiynges of Lacedaemonians one propre volume and that accordyng to the ordre of the greke letters as thei stand in the alphabeete whiche Raphael in his translacion hath turned into the ordre of the letters of the latine A B.C. But this was of all the three euen the veraye wurst For Ualerius and Frōtinus folowen the ordre of suche sentencies as thei shewe concernyng religion concernyng affecciō loue to mēnes coūtrees cōcernyng trueth in keepyng promisses made concernyng mannefull hardynesse and cōcernyng ●us●ice likewise of other matiers settyng ●che of theim in his right ordre and place Best stādyng with cunnyng and learnyng ●s thesame ordre that Plutarchus folowed ●bseruyng and kepyng the ordre of regions and kyngdomes as thei stand in rowe in euerie of theim the ordre of tymes to euery of the kynges ioynyng his owne capitaines to euerie of the capitaines their mates Frō the Persians he cometh to the Egyptiās frō the Egyptiās to the Thracians frō the Thracians to the Scythians from the Scythiās to the Sicilians from the Sicilians to the Macedonians from thens to the Atheniense from theim to the Lacedaemonians folowyng in euerie of these thordre of the tymes and not of the letters in the alphabete Frō the Lacedemonians he cometh to the Thebanes frō the Thebanes to the Romaines so that the reader by the saiynges of a fewe persones maye familiarly knowe the ordre of the whole historie whiche ordre that feloe hath pieteously confounded trobleed and sette out of ordre that soondreed and disseuered the saiynges of the Lacedemonians frō the others yet here and there repetyng the veraye same thynges that Plutarchus had gathered afore vnto Traianus albeit in soondrie places one thyng repeated is muche more often deprehended and openly found in the other werke of apophthegmes but in bothe werkes so oftē as thesame fallyng in a slumbre and forgettyng hymself cannot lyghte on Plutarchus a writer of precise diligence More ouer this parte hath no preface at all and the preface that goeth before the apophthegmes vnto Traianus will not s●rue to bothe werkes Now what thanke suche persones are worthie to haue whiche dooe in this wyse slabre and defyle the bookes of famous autores I will not at this tyme reason but truely me thynketh it a veraye sacriliege Yet of me except a fewe saiynges of Lacedemonians because the self same been repeated in the other table of rehersall euerie one of theim is not so muche as one omitted af all that goeth abrode vnder the name of Plutarchus partely to th ēde that the reader beeyng rather a gredie glutton then a mynion deintie peece might not mysse any thyng that he would faine haue and partely for that I sawe nothyng there but woorthie to bee knowen though some tyme rehersed tould out of his right place Neuerthelesse all the whole werke I haue in manier made my propre owne in that I dooe more at large and more plainely expresse the thynges that bee tolde in greke puttyng in sometymes suche thynges as I had well perceiued to bee added in other autours addyng also out of the other werkes of Plutarchus veraye many thynges whiche wer not in this presente treactise eueriewhere as it wer with litle brief cōmentaries openyng shewyng aswell the sense of the apophthegme as also the vse wherfore and how it maye serue especially in those places whiche lacked some more light clerenesse albeeit thesame haue I dooen briefly in fewe woordes lest I should haue clene turned awaye from the nature of apophthegmes whiche ought not to cōtein many woordes But as for the ordre is wurse broken confused euē of me then I found it there for that where at the begynnyng I had purposed to make rehersal but of veraye fewe and onely of the principall best sorte when I was ones entreed in my warke the veraye heate therof pricked sette me to chaūge my mynde to go on still a greate waye ferther neither should I haue made any ende had not this as ye would saie an hougemain sea of thynges stil freshe freshe comyng to mynde enforced driuē me to blowe retreacte to recule backe For as Quintilian emōg the vertues graces of a schoolemaister in grammer putteth this to bee one that he bee in some thynges ignoraunte so in this kynde of argumēte it seemeth to bee some parte of diligence certain thynges to passe ouer and to leaue out Therefore I haue thought b●tter to make at this tyme a deintie feaste th● a coūbreous or troublesome especially for y● if any thyng be in this

bought Tushe ꝙ Diogenes what mater maketh that sens that fishes after what facion so euer thei lyen bee bought vp Notyng the folyshenesse of the commen people whiche gooyng about to bye a bondmā wylbee wise and well aware that no faulte of the bodye maye escape vnespied The habite of the mynde is best perceiued by a mānes talkyng will not with like prouision caucion serche and trye what state case the mynde is in And as for the habite of the mynde is moste euidētly perceiued by a mannes communicaciō talkyng And not by sittyng or standyng He saied that it seemed to hym a meruaillous mater that whereas menne would not bye a potte or a potteled The ou●●sight of many persones in bying of menne but well tryed with knockyng on it orels by the tyncklyng soune therof in bying a manne thei could bee contented and satisfied with onely lookyng on hym with their yie Signifiyng that a manne is by nothyng in the worlde better knowen then by his communicaciō A māne is by no thyng better knowen then by his cōmunicacion Therfore like as thei that goo about to bye an yearthen potte or vessell for an orkyn dooe knocke vpon it with their knuccle by the soune that it geueth dooe soone disterne whether it bee whole of suche claye or metalle as it should bee seasoned in the keil or not so before that thei bye a manne with poundes moo then one or twoo meete it wer to prouoke the partie to speake to tell one tale or other and by his talkyng to fynd out what maner feloe he is To the selfsame purpose apperteineth the saiyng nexte afore A fyshe is dumme and cannot speake neither maketh it any force how thesame lyeth on the stalle forasmuche as nomanne cane make therof any thyng but a fyshe Sēbleably it is no mater ne difference at all of what habite pl●ight or complexion of bodye ye bye a māne if ye bye hym neuer hearyng hym speake Unto Xeniades by whom he was bought he saied Sir ye must remedylesse bee obediente to me and rewled by me allthough beeyng now your bondeseruaunte in consideracion that whoso hath to his bondeseruaunte a shipmaister The maister ought to bee auised by his seruaunte if he bee wyse or a physician is of force driuen to bee rewled by thesame if he bee disposed to haue any commoditee or profitable seruice of hym The reporte goeth that in the hous of thissame Xeniades he contynued and liued vntill he was a veraye aged manne and was there buiryed of his owne scholares And beeyng asked by Xeniades how his desire was to bee buiryed How Diogenes desired to bee buiried grouelyng ꝙ he with my face toward the groūde And to thesame Xeniades demaūdyng the cause why he saied for ere long tyme to an ende it will come to passe that those thynges whiche now lyen downward shal bee turned vpward Alludyng herunto that at that presente season y● Macedonians had gotten the ouer hande vpon the Atheniens and had achiued to the empier of all Grece and of in maner vilaines or slaues thei wer become veraye haulte and frō veraye basse thei wer mounted to high domynion The Macedonians conquered all Grece and helde the domynion of thesame in y● tyme of Diogenes That if all thynges should so bee turned vp side down it should saunce faill come to passe that his dedde carkesse also should ere many dayes after bee turned from lyyng grouuleyng to liyng with the face vpward Percase his menyng was this to bee no mater to bee passed on after what maner of liyng or facion the dedde bodye bee putte in y● graue about whiche mater greate was the supersticion of the moste part of people The maner of buiriyng ī olde tyme. for thei wer carried to their buiriall with their feete liyng forth towarde y● towne gate thei wer burned in maner of stādyng vpright and at this daye the Iewes as I heare saye are putte in their graues as if it wer standyng on their f●ete at lest wise y● Christians euery one of theim without excepcion are laied in their graues with their faces vpward The Iewes are buiryed as it wer stādyng on their feete and the Christians with their faces vpward Standyng on a tyme in the open mercate place he cryed with a loude voice Approche ye mēne approche ye mē as though he had had some earnest mater to saye vnto the people And when thei had gathered veraye thicke about hym and he for all that ceassed not but still cryed approche ye mēne certain of theim takyng greate indignacion at the mater aunswered loe here wee bee saye thy mynde Then Diogenes dryuyng theim awaye with a staf saied I bade menne to approche and not dounge hylles or draffesackes He thought not the name of a manne to bee a congruente or a right name for suche persones as liued not accordyng to reason but were leden and rewled by sensual mocions Thei that liuen not accordyng to reason but are leden by sensuall affectes and passions are not worthie to bee called menne and pangues after the maner of swyne and other brute beastes Alexander Magnus when he was at the citee of * Corinthus sometyme a right noble a riche citee in Achaia● situate and lyyng betwene two seas the one called Aegeum and the other Ionium a marte towne of greate haunte It was first builded by Sisyphus the sonne of Aeolus and called Corcyra After that it was called Ephyre Then was it destruied and eftsons reedifyed by one Corinthus the sonne of Orestes and called Corinthus Then was it yet again burned clene destruied by the Romaines and finally reedified by Augustus Emperour of Roome Corinthus wente vnto Diogenes sittyng in his tubbe Alexander talked familiarly many thynges with Diogenes sittyng in his tubbe talked familiarely with hym many thynges from whom after that he was departed to his familiar● frēdes takyng high disdeigne and indignacion that beeyng a kyng he had dooen so muche honoure to suche a doggue as Diogenes Howe highly Ale●āder Magnus estemed the philosophicall mynde of Diogenes who would not vouchesalue so muche as ones to aryse vp from his taille to dooe his duetie of humble obeysaunce to so greate a prince he sayed wel yet for al that wer I not Alexander I would with all my hert bee Diogenes So meruaillous highly did he esteme Nothynge more like to a kyngdō then a true philophical mynde that same the mynd and herte of thesame Diogenes constitute and beeyng in moste perfecte freedome and ferre surmountyng the coumpace or reache of al worldly or trāsitorie thynges that he iudged nothyng to bee more like to a kyngdome or empier● The principall and chief felicitee of kynges The prīcipall and chief felicitee of kynges What highe cōmoditees redoundeth of philosophie is that thei owgh seruice or homage to no yearthly creature but whatsoeuer thyng standeth with their

awaye The supersticion of folkes in old tyme. with the sensible grosse or carnall elemente of bodyly water excepte thei had also cutte awaye the inordynate lustes and desires of the herte He did woonderous highly rebuke those persones Diogenes r●buked those ꝑsones who blamed fortune when their maters went awrye who if any of their maters framed not but went awrye would blame and wyte fortune therefore as in deede the moste parte of menne vsen to dooe and Diogenes auouched the parties selfes muche more woorthie to bee shent whose guise and facion was with all earnest requeste instaūce to craue at the handes of ladie fortune not suche thynges as in veraye deede wer substanciall good but suche as in their owne phansie and opinion seemed good For if menne would permitte or leaue to the arbitrimente wille and pleasure of the Goddes to send suche thynges If god might bee lea● alone he would sēd to māne that were best for hym as thesame dooe iudge to bee best and moste expediente thei would send it Now forasmucheas menne receiuen accordyng to their own moste agre ymportune suites they dooen like feloes hauyng no shame in theim to laye vnto the Goddes y● faulte of quaillyng and mysprouyng The supersticion of suche persones as would bee frayed with dreames in this maner did he deride and skorne what thynges ye dooe whyle ye are awakyng saieth he that care ye not for and what thynges ye dreame whyle ye are slepynge ye dooe carefully serche out For to the felicitee or miserie of a ma●ne it maketh not so greate force what cometh to thesame in his slepe The superstition of many folkes about their dreames as what he dooeth awakyng while one is awakyng if he perpetrate any vnhonest or synneful acte it wer requisite to feare the wrathe of Godde and the wofull ende to ensue therof and not if menne see this or that in their slepe At the Olympia the cryer thus proclamyng Doxippus hath woonne the maisterie of menne Diogenes corrected hym saying no Doxippus of slaues or vilaines The bōdeseruauntes of glorie The philosophier onely hath victori● of menne and I of mēne Signifiyng theim that proued maisteries at the saied olympia and other like games not to bee menne but bondeseruauntes of glorie onely the philosophier and none els hath the ouer hande of menne like vnto this is one other of his saiynges aboue mencioned When Philippus had an armie in the countree of Cherronea This Philippꝰ was kyng of the Macedonians father of Alexād●r y● greate there to make warre thither came Diogenes and beeyng taken by the soldyers he was brought vnto the kyng who when he sawe Diogenes a persone vnknowen cryed out in a greate furie A spye a spye To whom Diogenes replyed saiyng yea euen a veraye spye in deede For hither am I come to vieue the brainsiknesse of thee How Diogenes aunswered Philippꝰ chalengeynge hym for a spye who not beeyng cōtented with the kyngdome of the Macedonians for to geate other mennes kyngdomes into thy hādes dooest cast thyself in greate perill daunger of leesyng bothe thyn owne kyngdome and also thy life The kyng meruaillyng at the franke plainnesse of the māne discharged thesame and sette hym at large biddyng hym goo where he would at his free libertee * Chertonea the countree where Plutarchus was borne a region nigh to Hellespontus And in this place did Philippus cōqui●e subdue all Grece It is called by another name Chersonesus because it is in maner round about enuironed with the sea and is by reason therof in maner a veraye Isle And for the excell●ncie it is ofte tymes sette for Hellespontus Alexander the kyng of the Macedonians had sent letters vnto Antipater by a certain persone named Athlias Diogenes at thesame houre beeyng happyly in place Who accordyng to his Cynicall guyse saied Athlius from Athlius by Athlias to Athlius It was nothyng but a toye in daliyng with the affinitee and similitude of woordes For the name of the messager was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in greke souneth one beyng in myserable state or condicion sore vexed or beaten with manyfolde trauailles peines and troubles For whiche respecte the fightyng menne or the champiōs maisters offense had their name deriued out of yesame vocable and wer called bothe in greke and latin Athletae Athletae Princes whiche for ambiciō of honour rewle and dominion are in contynuall strife bee in miserable state and full of wooe The menyng of the philosophier was that princes for the ambicion of honour rewle and domynion beeyng in contynuall strife and hurlee burlee are in veraye deede persones full of miserie and wooe and euen in like miserable state of wrechednesse to bee all those that are readie prest willyng seruauntes aiders or furtheres of the appetites and desires of thesame So then true it was that Alexander for the carefull and troubleous life that he leed woorthyly called Athlius that is miserable wrote and sent lettres by Athlias beeyng no lesse worthie the appellacion of Athlius then his maister vnto Antipater as muche woorthie to bee called Athlius as any of the other twoo in that he was at all tyme● bounde to obey● and serue Alexander Beeyng spoken to and inuited to come vnto Alexander he refused so to dooe Diogenes refused to go to Alexander But to Perdicca the high Capitain or graund Maister vnder thesame Alexander thretenyng to take his life from hym Perdicca ●raūd maister vnder Alexander excepte he would come In feith saied Diogenes then shal ye dooe a noble and a valiaunte acte For aswell the litle wourme which both in greke latin is called Cantharis as also the blacke spyder called Phalangium is hable at all tymes to dooe asmuche Cantharis Cantharis is a litle litle vermyn not muche vnlike in facion to the beetle or the hornet but hauyng in it starke poyson Phalangium Phalangiū is the spyder of the moste venemous sorte neither did he sti●ke or feare on his partie again to threten Perdicca that he should liue happyly though he liued without his ●o●mpaignie notifiyng theim to bee in a ●eraye wreched case or state that liued with Perdicca He affermed the Goddes to bee gentle and soone entreated to geue life vnto menne but thesame life to bee a thyng vnknowen to suche persones as seeke to haue of these marchepaines or wafers with other like iunkerie The life of manne standeth not in carnall pleasures nor i● sensualitee and their sweete perfumes or poumaundres and other sembleable delices For those persones who haue all the pleasure of the saied thynges beleuen theimselfes to liue where as onely wisedome and perfecte vertue dooeth assure the veraye true life in deede replenyshed with tranquillitee and pleasaunte sweetenesse Onely ꝑfecte vertue geueth to manne veraye true life in deede Wherefore not the Goddes are to bee putte in faulte

is no●thyng but that with gold it maye be ouer comed and woonne Whiche veraye selfe same thyng the poetes haue signified by the fable of * Ahas the xii kyng of the Argiues had a sonne called Acrisius whiche Acrisius succeded his father in the kyngdome of the said Argiues and had onely one doughter called Danae a goodly and a passyng beautifull ladie And so it was that Acrisius had knowelage geuen to hym by an oracle or voice comynge from heauen that he should be slain of his doughters soonne Wherfore he enclosed and shutte vp the saied Dana● his doughter in a veraye stronge toure and there kept hir to thentente that she myght neuer haue soonne At length Iupiter in fourme of a shoure raynyng droppes of golde gotte Danae with childe So by Iupiter she had a soonne called Perseus● Whiche thyng beeyng come to light and beeyng knowen hir father sette bothe hir and hir infant childe en●losed in a troughe or trounke of wood in the wilde sea So was she carryed by auentures on the sea vntyll she arriued in Italie and there Pilumnus the kyng and graūdfather of Turnus tooke hir to wife And afterward Perseus beeyng ones come to mannes stature killed Medusa and deliuered Andromeda And at last returnyng to Argos he slewe y● kyng Acrisius his graundfather accordyng to the prophecie and reigned in his stede Danae by Iupiter defloured but not vntill thesame god Iupiter had first transfourmed hymselfe in to golde whereof the poete Horatius speaketh in this maner Aurum per medios ire satellites et perrumpere pere a mat castra potentius ferro Golde hath a fansie and great delite Through harnessed mē passage to ieperde And to make waye through tentes of might More forceably then deynte of sweorde● Whē those persones that wer at Lasthenes found theimselfes greued and tooke highly or fumyshly that certain of the traine of Philippus called theim traitours Philippus aūswered that the Macedonians wer feloes of no fyne witte in their termes The Macedonians wer plain feloes ●● callynge eche thynge by it right name but alltogether grosse clubbyshe and rusticall as the whiche had not the witte to calle a spade by any other name then a spade Alludyng to that the commenused prouerbe of the grekes callyng figgues figgues and a bote a bote 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 As for his menyng was that thei wer traitours in veraye deede And the fair flatte truthe that the vplandyshe or homely and plain clubbes of the countree dooen vse nameth eche thyng by the right names It was his guyse to aduertise his sonne Alexander after a courteous familiare gētle sorte to vse hymselfe and to liue with the Macedonians A good lesson to all young princes and through beneuolence and hertie loue in the meane tyme purchaced abrode emonge the cōmenaltie to gather vnto hym mighte puissaunce while duryng the tyme of an other mannes reigne it laie in hym without any his harme or hindreaunce to shewe humanitee gentlenesse Like a prudent and an expert manne right well perceiuyng and vnderstandyng like as an empier by no yearthly thyng better or more fermely to bee establyshed A kyng maye not to all persones wtout excepcion shewe fauour then by the hertie loue and good wille of the subiectes towardes their prince euen so to bee a thyng of moste high difficultee and hardnesse for any persone that hath ones taken vpō hym the office of a kyng hath now alreadie in hande the gouernaunce and ordreyng of a royalme or empier towardes all parties without excepcion to shewe gentlenesse and fauour not onely because the office power of a kyng lyeth in the open waye to bee enuied but also for that a commenweale maye not possibly bee preserued and kept in perfecte good state onlesse haynous transgressions bee restreigned and suppressed by due punyshemente and correccion Haynous transgressiōs must of necessitee bee suppressed by due correcciō and punishement For kynges must so ferre extende humanitee and fauour towardes their subiectes as thei maye in the meane tyme accordyngly vpholde and maintein their autoritee and estate royal Kynges must so ferre extēde fauour that thei maye in the meane tyme not empeche their autoritee and estate royall For goodnesse and fauour without ende or measure shewed is many a tyme and ofte the mother of contempte Thesame Alexander he auised counsailled that he should wynne and make frendes vnto hym all suche persones bothe honeste and vnhoneste good and badde Kynges must vse honest persones and abuse the vnhoneste as beare any rewle stroke or autoritee in the commenweale and that the good menne he should vse the eiuill persones he should abuse that is to saye applye to some good vse that of theim selfes thei are not apte nor inclined vnto The chief and highe●t feacte of kynges is to reiecte no person The chief ●ea●te of kynges is to reiecte no persone but to make all persones profitable to the commen weale but rather to applye the labour and seruice of all menne to the publique vt●litee and profite As almightie god beeyng the onely Monarche and prince of the whole vniuersall worlde abuseth the eiuill sprites and the weeked menne to the vtilitee and profite of the churche so princes of high wisedome and policie haue the feacte to make instrumentes aswell of the honeste persones as of the vnhoneste not that theimselfes been werkers of any eiuill thyng by the helpe of the eiuill persones Wise ●rinces haue the feacte to make profitable instrumentes aswel of y●●iuill persones as of the good but that by the eiuill thei dooe punyshe the eiuill Nerethelesse many princes there bee whiche contrarie to the right course dooen abuse the good menne and vse the eiuill In executyng matiers of cruell tyrannie thei associate and ioyne vnto theim suche persones as for the opinion of holynesse are famous and of greate name to th entent that the people should esteme all thyng that thei dooe to bee good and godly Thesame Philippus when he laye for hostage and pledge in the citee of Thebes ● soiourned was lodged in the hous of one Philo a Thebane and besydes his high entretainmente in that behalfe he receiued at the hādes of thesame Philo many high beneficiall pleasures And when the said Philo would in no wyse take any rewarde or gifte of Philippus again Neuer māne did any thyng for Philippus but that Philippus did asmuch for him again Naye ꝙ Philippus robbe me not now by leauyng me behynd hande in bountifulnesse of that laude praise whiche hitherto I haue euer had that yet vnto this presēte daye no māne hath passed me or gon beyōd me in doyng mutual plesures benefites Oh an hert stomakeworthie a croune emperiall He demed it a more high and ioly thyng to haue the ouerhande in dooyng deedes of boūtie then in the prerogatif of power Whē a greate mayny hauyng been taken priesoners in warre wer in sellyng

encreaced more and more and his leggue flagguyng down by the horses syde by litle litle was al aslepe in maner sterke stife he beeyng of force constreigned to geue ouer that he had beegoonne and to cal for his surgeō Alexander agnised and knowelaged hymself to be a mortall mā saied to suche as wer presente Euery bodye reporteth me to bee the soonne of Iupiter but this wounde saieth with an open mouth that I am a mortall manne One Xenophantus customably vsed by certain measures plaiyng on a flute to sette Alexander forthwarde to battaill And all persones woundreyng the musike should bee of suche force and power one emong theim saied If Xenophantus bee suche a cūnyng doer leat him plaie some measure to cal Alexander home again from makyng warres Meanyng that it was no veraye high poynte of cūnyng to bryng a bodye to that thyng wherunto thesame is of hym self propense and of his owne propre nature inclined THE SAIYNGES OF ANTIGONVS THE FIRST KYNG OF THE MACEDONIANS This Antigonus was of all the successour● of Alexander moste puissaunt and mightie And Plutarchus in the life of Demetrius saieth that Antigonus had by Stratonice the doughter of Cor●haeus twoo soonnes of whiche the one he called of his brothers name Demetrius and the other of his fathers name Philippus And thesame Plutarcꝰ in the life of Paulus Aemilius and els where in moo places thē one saieth that this Antigonus euen by the title of his birth and descente claymed to haue the name of a kyng first begoonne to reigne in Asia after the deceasse of Alexander Albeeit as the said Plutarchus in the life of Demetrius testifieth the successours of Alexander wer not euen at the first called kinges but certain yeres after whē Demetrius the soonne of Antigonus had on the sea subdued Ptolomeꝰ the kyng of Egypte and had destroyed all his nauie then came one Aristodenus a Milesian from Demetrius in poste and salued Antigonus by the name of kyng Then Antigonus not onely on his owne partie and behalfe vsurped the name the honour the estate and y● ornamentes and armes of a kyng but also sent vnto his soonne Demetrius a Diademe that is to saie a kynges croune together with letters in whiche he called hym a kyng Antigonus reigned twoo and twentie yeres and kept in the tyme of his reigne many warres at last was slain and dyed euen in the felde 1. ANtigonus was an eagre and a sore manne in takyng exaccions of money of his subiectes How Antigonꝰ excused his greuous exaccions of money emōge his subiectes Wherupon to a certain persone saiyng Iwys Alexander was no suche manne A good cause why ꝙ he again for he rieped Asia and had all the ere 's and I dooe but gather the stalkes Menyng that Asia sometyme the rychest welthiest countree of the worlde had been afore his tyme spoyled by Alexander Alexāder spoyled Asia and left it as bare as Iob. and that he must bee gladde and fain to scrape together what he might bee hable to geat emong theim hauyng been afore in suche wyse pilled lea●t as bare as Iob. 2. Beholdyng on a tyme a certain of his soldiours to plaie at the balle hauyng bothe their iackes their salettes on he was highly well pleased with the sight therof and commaunded the capitaines of thesame soldyers to bee called fette to thentente to geue theim thāke How Antigonꝰ vsed certain of his capta●nes which sate drinkyng whyle their soldyours exercised theim selfes with plaiyng at the balle in their harnesse and to praise theim in presence of their capitaines but when woord was brought hym that the said capitaines wer drynking and making good chere he conferred their capitainshippes vnto those actiue souldyers whiche had plaied at the balle in their harnesse All vnder one bothe punyshyng the sluggyshenesse of the capitaines and with honour and promocion rewardyng the actiuitee of the soldyers Euery bodye meruaillyng that wher in the begynnyng of his reigne he had been a veraye sore manne Antigonus in the begynnyng of his reigne a sore manne but in the later ende ful of al mercie and gentlenesse now beeyng striken in age he gouerned his royalme with all mercie and gentlenesse At the begynnyng saieth he it behoued me to haue a kyngdome at this daye I haue more neede of glorie and beneuolence Menyng that an empier is ofte tymes by the sweord by roughnesse purchaced or acquired but thesame not reteined or long yeres cōtinued without the honest opinion that the subiectes haue of their kyng and the hertie good wille of the prince mutually toward his subiectes Thesame Antigonus vnto his soonne Philip beeyng full of questions in presence of a greate noumbre What Antigonus aunswered to his soonne beyng muche inquisitiue when y● campe should remoue Albeit Plutarchꝰ nameth that it was Deme●rius that was so inquisitiue and saiyng Sir when shall wee remoue the campe thus aunswered what art thou afeard lest thou alone of al the coumpaignie shalt not heare the troūpette blowe Notynge the lacke of experience skylle in the young manne in that he would in the hearyng of a greate compaignie moue suche a question to his father wheras in tyme of warre The ententes purposes of price● ought in no wyse to bee vttreed in tyme of warre the ententes and purposes of princes ought in no wyse too be vttreed ne disclosed but as often as the campe muste remoue a trumpette geueth a knowelage therof to the vniuersall multitude all to gether When his soonne the said Philip beeyng a young manne had made woondreous earneste request and suite to haue his lodgeyng appointed hym at a wedooes house How Antigonus disappointed the purpose of his soonne seekyng to bee lodged in an house where his loue was that had three fair welfauoured doughters Antigonus callyng for the knight herbynger saied vnto y● same wilt thou not see my soonne voided out of suche a streight corner He did not discrye how the young mannes herte was sette although he knewe thesame to seeke wheron to bestowe his loue but found an ympedemente by the narrowe roome of the house in which the wedooe liued with hir three doughters After that he had perfectely recouered of asore disease and maladie well saieth he all this is no harme Sickenesse putteth vs in remembraūce not to bee proude in hert forasmuch as we be mortal For this syckenesse hathe geuen vs a good lesson not to bee proude in herte forasmuche as we bee mortall Who had taught this heathen kyng suche a pointe of Philosophie meete and woorthie for any christian herte his frendes lamēted bewailled as a great● eiuill that he had been so sore sicke but he enterpreted and tooke that to hym thereby had redounded more good then eiuill The maladie had made his bodye leane and bare of fleshe but it endued replenyshed his herte with sobrenesse and humilitee It had shrew dely