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A35629 The accomplished commander being necessary instructions for the prudent conduct of officers in an army / written by a person of great experience in military affairs, and published for the common benefit, by R.C. Person of great experience in military affairs.; R. C. 1689 (1689) Wing C96; ESTC R3979 26,949 149

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But it is not enough for a Commander to use Speed and Expedition in Execution of his Enterprize Of Resolution in War. unless he be also constant and resolute of Courage in Chances and Checks of Fortune in Perils and Dangers whereupon the said Caesar without all doubt surpassed all other Captains whose memorable Prowess by the help of Learning hath come to the Knowledge of Posterity For upon many occasions opposing himself alone against his flying and discomfited Soldiers sometimes pulling them back one by one and another while forcing them to turn again He would rally Ranks half broken and renew a Battel at the point of wavering re-securing whatsoever before was doubtfull In the Field which he fought with the Nericy the Battel being brought to that Exegent that his whole Cavalry was upon point of flight and the Seventh and Twelfth Legions in great distress their Captains and Commanders being allmost slain Caesar casting his Shield on his Arm and pressing through the midst of the Squadrons to the Front of the Battel he made such Proof of his Valour that partly upon his Example and partly for the Danger wherein they saw their General engaged the Soldiers perceiving hopes gathering strength and courage a fresh renewed the fight and so Valiantly behaved themselves that fifty thousand of their Enemies lay slain on the Place by which President it may plainly be seen how much Resolution and Expedition import a General For albeit that Caesar was a Captain so wary and so circumspect yet was he suddenly and secretly set upon by the Policy of his Enemies who being covered with the-thickness of these Boughs which did over spread them were sooner felt than seen he wanted but little of his latest Ruine and final Overthrow had he not helped himself by his innate Valour and speedy Order In his War of Africa his Soldiers being put to the worst he lugged one of his Ensign-bearers by the Throat and turning him towards his Enemies There there said he are those against whom thou must fight In the very same War the Enemies having given his Men so furious a Charge that they had already entred their Rampiers and fell pell-mell with his Soldiers Caesar thrusting forward amongst them by his presence and example reheartened the one and restrained the other And likewise in Spain perceiving his Soldiers ready to fly traversing the Troups and posting themselves from one unto another what with ealling upon them and what with lying about he so managed the Matter that his Men for very shame not to be said to forsake their General if not betray him took Heart and Courage and obtained Victory with the death of thirty Thousand Pompeians Of Errours in War and the evil Consequences thereof IN Military Affairs it is extreme folly and much blamable to say I did not think it for in other occurrences an Errour may haply be amended but Over-sight in War-fare without punishment and repentance instantly accompanying them cannot possibly be redressed and therefore it standeth with the Reputation of a General to premeditate throughly upon his designments and to have an open and a watchfull Eye even upon Matters of smallest Moment We read that Sempronius committed there great Errours which every one deserved to be recompenced with the loss that followed the first was That he fought with Hannibal in a Campaigne being by far inferiour in Horse and withall thereby subject to the African Elephants which in inclosed or uneven Grounds and Woodlands would have been of no use His Second Errour was In the Battel of Trebia both the Romane Consulswere beaten by Hannibal That he made no discovery of the place upon which he fought whereby he was grossly over-reacht and ensnar'd by the Ambush which Hannibal had laid for him The third was That he drencht his Foot men with empty Stomachs in the River of Trebia even in a cold and frosty day whereby in effect they lost their Limbs for there is nothing in the World more inconvenient and perilous than to present an Army tired with Travel to an Enemy fresh and fed since thereby the Strength of the Body faileth the Generosity of the Mind is but an empty Vapour When the Knowledge of Alexander's Landing on Asia side was brought to Darius he so much scorn'd the Army of Macedon and had so contemptible an opinion of Alexander himself as having styled him his Servant on a Letter which he had wrote unto him reprehending his Disloyalty and Audacity for Darius entitled himself King of Kings and Kinsman to the Gods he gave order withall to his Lieutenants of Lesser Asia that they should take Alexander alive whip him with Rods and then convey him to his Presence that they should sink his Ships and send the Macedons taken Prisoners beyond the red Sea belike into Aethiopia or some other unhealthfull Part of Africa Darius lost in one Battel against Alexander as Curtius saith 100000 Foot and as many Horse and 40000 taken Prisoners when Alexander 's Army there miscarried but 200 and 80 in all sorts but by the Experience of his own overthrow he found his grand Errour imputing too much confidence in a multitude of disorderly and unwarlike Men. We see what Errour the Empire of Constantinople committed in using the help of foreign Auxiliaries in taking ten Thousand Turks against his Nighbour Princes he could never by Persuasion or Force set them again over Sea upon Asia side which gave beginning to the Christian Servitude that soon after followed Alexander the Son of Cassander sought aid of the great Demetrius who being entred into his Kingdom slew the Son Alexander that had invited him and made himself King of Macedon Syracon the Turk was called into Aegypt by Sanor the Soldane against his opposite but the Turk did settle himself so saft in Aegypt that Solidon his Successour became Lord thereof and all the Holy Land soon after What need we look about for Examples of this Kind every Nation in effect can furnish us the Britains drew the Saxons into this our Country and Macmurrough drew the English into Ireland but the one and the other soon became Lords of these two Kingdoms Of Honourable Retreats with Examples thereof IT is the true Judgment of Men of War Honourable Retreats are no way inferiour to brave Charges as having less of Fortune more of Discipline and as much of Valour Darius was overthrown with all his Cowardly and Confused Rabble when those Grecians under their Captain Amintas held firm and marched away in order in dispight of the Vanquishers old Soldiers are not easily dismay'd We read in Histories Ancient and Modern what brave Retreats have been made by them though the rest of the Army in which they have served hath been broken At the Battel of Ravenne were the Imperialists were beaten by the French a Squadron of Spaniards old Soldiers came off unbroken and undismay'd for it is truly said by these men who by being acquainted with dangers fear them